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justice</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: restorative justice"> <meta name="keywords" content="restorative justice"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="restorative justice"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 842</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: restorative justice</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">602</span> The Use of Culture as a Campaign Method in Indonesian Parliamentary Election </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azza%20Habibullah">Azza Habibullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The principal objective of this paper is to show the use of participatory culture in the parliamentarian campaign. The use of this method has always been non-popular amongst the parliamentarian candidates due to the amount of times and energy that they need to spent with the constituents. However, due to many parliamentarian corruption cases in the last five years period, some political party have been losing peoples trust. That political party trust lost had also affecting the parliamentarian candidates electability, so they invent some creative campaign method that involving their constituent with more intimates and friendly environment. In this paper, an observation is done to a parliamentarian candidate from Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (Prosperous Justice Party) in Bandung and Cimahi City area, West Java. This Parliamentraian candidate is known for her personal-approach campaign method such as a puppet show, hanging out with group of ex-bike gang leaders, and going fishing with the constituent. This paper will compare her method with other parliamentarian candidates from the same party as her that mostly use mainstream campaign method such as open speech, print media, an other one way campaign method. While the other parliamentarian candidates failed to reach the parliamentarian threshold, the participatory method had proven as an effective method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participatory%20culture" title="participatory culture">participatory culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesian%20parliamentary%20election" title=" Indonesian parliamentary election"> Indonesian parliamentary election</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prosperous%20Justice%20Party" title=" Prosperous Justice Party"> Prosperous Justice Party</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electability" title=" electability"> electability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10719/the-use-of-culture-as-a-campaign-method-in-indonesian-parliamentary-election" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">601</span> Neoliberalism and Environmental Justice: A Critical Examination of Corporate Greenwashing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnav%20M.%20Raval">Arnav M. Raval</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper critically examines the neoliberal economic model and its role in enabling corporate greenwashing, a practice where corporations deceptively market themselves as environmentally responsible while continuing harmful environmental practices. Through a rigorous focus on the neoliberal emphasis of free markets, deregulation, and minimal government intervention, this paper explores how these policies have set the stage for corporations to externalize environmental costs and engage in superficial sustainability initiatives. Within this framework, companies often bypass meaningful environmental reform, opting for strategies that enhance their public image without addressing their actual environmental impacts. The paper also draws on the works of critical theorists Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Herbert Marcuse, particularly their critiques of capitalist society and its tendency to commodify social values. This paper argues that neoliberal capitalism has commodified environmentalism, transforming genuine ecological responsibility into a marketable product. Through corporate social responsibility initiatives, corporations have created the illusion of sustainability while masking deeper environmental harm. Under neoliberalism, these initiatives often serve as public relations tools rather than genuine commitments to environmental justice and sustainability. This commodification has become particularly dangerous because as it manipulates consumer perceptions and diverts attention away from the structural causes of environmental degradation. The analysis also examines how greenwashing practices have disproportionately affected marginalized communities, particularly in the global South, where environmental costs are often externalized. As these corporations promote their “sustainability” in wealthier markets, these marginalized communities bear the brunt of their pollution, resource depletion, and other forms of environmental degradation. This dynamic underscores the inherent injustice within neoliberal environmental policies, as those most vulnerable to environmental risks are often neglected, as companies reap the benefits of corporate sustainability efforts at their expense. Finally, this paper calls for a fundamental transition away from neoliberal market-driven solutions, which prioritize corporate profit over genuine ecological reform. It advocates for stronger regulatory frameworks, transparent third-party certifications, and a more collective approach to environmental governance. In order to ensure genuine corporate accountability, governments and institutions must move beyond superficial green initiatives and market-based solutions, shifting toward policies that enforce real environmental responsibility and prioritize environmental justice for all communities. Through the critique of the neoliberal system and its commodification of environmentalism, this paper has highlighted the urgent need to rethink how environmental responsibility is defined and enacted in the corporate world. Without systemic change, greenwashing will continue to undermine both ecological sustainability and social justice, leaving the most vulnerable populations to suffer the consequences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20theory" title="critical theory">critical theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20justice" title=" environmental justice"> environmental justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greenwashing" title=" greenwashing"> greenwashing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoliberalism" title=" neoliberalism"> neoliberalism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192259/neoliberalism-and-environmental-justice-a-critical-examination-of-corporate-greenwashing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">600</span> The Effect of War on Spatial Differentiation of Real Estate Values and Urban Disorder in Damascus Metropolitan Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Azzam">Mounir Azzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valerie%20Graw"> Valerie Graw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Rienow"> Andreas Rienow</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Syrian war, which commenced in 2011, has resulted in significant changes in the real estate market in the Damascus metropolitan area, with rising levels of insecurity and disputes over tenure rights. The quest for spatial justice is, therefore, imperative, and this study performs a spatiotemporal analysis to investigate the impact of the war on real estate differentiation. Using the hedonic price models including 2,411 housing transactions over the period 2010-2022, this study aims to understand the spatial dynamics of the real estate market in wartime. Our findings indicate that war variables have had a significant impact on the differentiation and depreciation of property prices. Notably, property attributes have a more substantial impact on real estate values than district location, with severely damaged buildings in Damascus city resulting in an 89% decline in prices, while prices in Rural Damascus districts have decreased by 50%. Additionally, this study examines the urban texture of Damascus using correlation and homogeneity statistics derived from the gray-level co-occurrence matrix obtained from Google Earth Engine. We monitored 250 samples from hedonic datasets within three different years of the Syrian war (2015, 2019, and 2022). Our findings show that correlation values were highly differentiated, particularly among Rural Damascus districts, with a total decline of 87.2%. While homogeneity values decreased overall between 2015 and 2019, they improved slightly after 2019. The findings have valuable implications, not only for investment prospects in setting up a successful reconstruction strategy but also for spatial justice of property rights in strongly encouraging sustainable real estate development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hedonic%20price" title="hedonic price">hedonic price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20estate%20differentiation" title=" real estate differentiation"> real estate differentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconstruction%20strategy" title=" reconstruction strategy"> reconstruction strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20justice" title=" spatial justice"> spatial justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20texture%20analysis" title=" urban texture analysis"> urban texture analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175218/the-effect-of-war-on-spatial-differentiation-of-real-estate-values-and-urban-disorder-in-damascus-metropolitan-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">599</span> The Learning Experience of Two Students with Visual Impairments in the EFL Courses: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=May%20Ling%20Gonz%C3%A1lez-Ruiz">May Ling González-Ruiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Cristina%20Sol%C3%ADs-Sol%C3%ADs"> Ana Cristina Solís-Solís</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Everyday more people can thrive towards the dream of pursuing a university diploma. This can be more attainable for some than for others who may face different types of limitations. Even though not all limitations come from within the individual but most of the times they come from without it may include the environment, the support of the person’s family, the school – its infrastructure, administrative procedures, and attitudes. This is a qualitative type of research that is developed through a case study. It is based on the experiences of two students who are visually impaired and who have attended a public university in Costa Rica. We enquire about the experiences of these two students in the English as a Foreign Language courses at the university scenario. An in-depth analysis of their lived experiences is presented. Their values, attitudes, and expectations serve as the guiding elements for this research. Findings are presented in light of the Social Justice Approach to inclusive education. Some of the most salient aspects found have to do with the attitudes the students used to face challenges; others point at those elements that may have hindered the learning experience of the persons observed and to those that encouraged them to continue their journey and successfully achieve a diploma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title="inclusion">inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visually%20impaired%20student" title=" visually impaired student"> visually impaired student</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20experience" title=" learning experience"> learning experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20justice%20approach" title=" social justice approach"> social justice approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144198/the-learning-experience-of-two-students-with-visual-impairments-in-the-efl-courses-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">598</span> Challenge of the Credibility of Witnesses in the International Criminal Court and the Precondition to Establish the Truth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romina%20Beqiri">Romina Beqiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the context of the prosecution of those responsible for the commission of the most hideous crimes and the fight against impunity, a fundamental role is played by witnesses of the crimes who contribute to ascertaining the ‘procedural truth’. This article examines recent decisions and legislation of the Hague-based International Criminal Court in terms of the endangerment of the integrity of the criminal proceedings in consequence of witness tampering. The analysis focuses on the new developments in the courtroom and the academia, in particular, on the first-ever sentence confirming the charges of corruptly influencing witnesses, interpretation of presenting false evidence and giving false testimony when under an obligation to tell the truth. Confronted with recent tampering with witnesses and their credibility at stake in the ongoing cases, the research explores different Court’s decisions and scholars’ legal disputes concerning the deterrence approach to punish the authors of offences against the administration of justice when committed intentionally. Therefore, the analysis concludes that the Court cannot tolerate any witness false testimony and should enhance consistency and severity of sanctions for the sake of fair trial and end impunity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=International%20Criminal%20Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administration%20of%20justice" title=" administration of justice"> administration of justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credibility%20of%20witness" title=" credibility of witness"> credibility of witness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fair%20trial" title=" fair trial"> fair trial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=false%20testimony" title=" false testimony"> false testimony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=witness%20tampering" title=" witness tampering"> witness tampering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95054/challenge-of-the-credibility-of-witnesses-in-the-international-criminal-court-and-the-precondition-to-establish-the-truth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">597</span> Practices Supporting the Wellbeing of Healthcare Staff Post-disaster: Findings from a Narrative Inquiry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julaine%20Allan">Julaine Allan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Olcon"> Katarzyna Olcon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padmini%20Pai"> Padmini Pai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lynne%20Keevers"> Lynne Keevers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mim%20Fox"> Mim Fox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Mackay"> Maria Mackay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Everingham"> Ruth Everingham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effective local responses to community needs are grounded in contextual knowledge and build on existing resources. The Stability, Encompassing, Endurance & Direction (SEED) Wellbeing Program was created in 2020 in response to cumulative disasters, bushfires, floods and COVID, experienced by healthcare staff in the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, NSW Australia. SEED used a participatory action methodology to bring healthcare staff teams together to engage in restorative activities in the workplace. Guided by Practice Theory, this study identified the practices that supported the recovery of healthcare staff. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health%20and%20wellbeing" title="mental health and wellbeing">mental health and wellbeing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace%20wellness" title=" workplace wellness"> workplace wellness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20providers" title=" healthcare providers"> healthcare providers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20disasters" title=" natural disasters"> natural disasters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burnout" title=" burnout"> burnout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20trauma" title=" occupational trauma"> occupational trauma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171940/practices-supporting-the-wellbeing-of-healthcare-staff-post-disaster-findings-from-a-narrative-inquiry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">596</span> Reduction of Process of Evidence in Specific Forms of Criminal Proceeding: Problems and Risks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filip%20%C5%A0%C4%8Derba">Filip Ščerba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veronika%20Pochyl%C3%A1"> Veronika Pochylá</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Performing of the acts within criminal proceedings usually takes too long and thus this phenomenon can be regarded as one of the most burning problems which have plagued the criminal justice not only in the Czech Republic but at least all over Europe for the last few decades. This problem obviously has to be dealt with and thus the need to tackle this issue has resulted in the trend which is sometimes called Criminal Justice Rationalization, i.e. introducing and enforcing methods supporting the increase in efficiency of the criminal justice in order to make the criminal proceedings shorter and administrative procedure easier. This resulted in the introduction of institutes such as e.g. diversions in criminal proceedings or other forms of shortened pre-trial proceedings, which may be used primarily for dealing with less serious crimes. But also the institute, which was originally mentioned in connection with the system of criminal law in the countries belonging to the Anglo-Saxon legal order where it is frequently called of plea bargaining, has been introduced into the criminal law of many European countries, and it may be applied also in cases of serious crimes. All these special and shortened forms of criminal proceedings are connected with limited extent of process of evidence; in fact, some of these specific forms of criminal proceedings are designed for the purpose to simplify the process of evidence. That is also the reason, why some of these procedures are conditioned with the defendant’s confession. Main hypothesis: Limited process of evidence represents also a potential conflict with certain fundamental principles upon which the criminal proceeding in the Continental legal system is based. (A conflict with principle of material truth may be considered as the most important problem. This principle states that the bodies in criminal proceedings must clarify the facts of the case beyond reasonable doubt to such extent that a decision can be made; the defendant’s confession does not mean that these bodies are freed from the duty to review all the circumstances and facts of the case. Such principle is typical for criminal law in Central European region.) Basic methodologies: The paper is going to analyze such a problem of weakening of the principle of material truth in modern criminal law. Such analysis will be provided primarily on the base of the Czech criminal law, but also other legal regulations will be taken into consideration, and its result may have some relevance for all legal regulations belonging to the Continental legal system, so the paper offers also a comparison with legal systems of other Central European countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burden%20of%20proof" title="burden of proof">burden of proof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20European%20countries" title=" central European countries"> central European countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20justice%20rationalization" title=" criminal justice rationalization"> criminal justice rationalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20proceeding" title=" criminal proceeding"> criminal proceeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Czech%20legislation" title=" Czech legislation"> Czech legislation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Czech%20republic" title=" Czech republic"> Czech republic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defendant" title=" defendant"> defendant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversions" title=" diversions"> diversions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evidence" title=" evidence"> evidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20principles" title=" fundamental principles"> fundamental principles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plea%20bargaining" title=" plea bargaining"> plea bargaining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-trial%20proceedings" title=" pre-trial proceedings"> pre-trial proceedings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principle%20of%20material%20truth" title=" principle of material truth"> principle of material truth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20of%20evidence" title=" process of evidence"> process of evidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20of%20evidence" title=" process of evidence"> process of evidence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49765/reduction-of-process-of-evidence-in-specific-forms-of-criminal-proceeding-problems-and-risks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">595</span> Practices Supporting the Wellbeing of Healthcare Staff: Findings From a Narrative Inquiry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julaine%20Allan">Julaine Allan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Olcon"> Katarzyna Olcon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padmini%20Pai"> Padmini Pai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lynne%20Keevers"> Lynne Keevers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mim%20Fox"> Mim Fox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Mackay"> Maria Mackay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Everingham"> Ruth Everingham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sue%20Cutmore"> Sue Cutmore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20Degeling"> Chris Degeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristine%20Falzon"> Kristine Falzon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Summer%20Finlay"> Summer Finlay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effective local responses to community needs are grounded in contextual knowledge and built on existing resources. The SEED Wellbeing Program was created in 2020 in response to cumulative disasters, bushfires, floods and COVID experienced by healthcare staff in the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, NSW, Australia. SEED used a participatory action methodology to bring healthcare staff teams together to engage in restorative activities in the workplace. Guided by Practice Theory, this study identified the practices that supported the recovery of healthcare staff. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health%20and%20wellbeing" title="mental health and wellbeing">mental health and wellbeing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace%20wellness" title=" workplace wellness"> workplace wellness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20providers" title=" healthcare providers"> healthcare providers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20disasters" title=" natural disasters"> natural disasters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burnout" title=" burnout"> burnout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20trauma" title=" occupational trauma"> occupational trauma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151251/practices-supporting-the-wellbeing-of-healthcare-staff-findings-from-a-narrative-inquiry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">594</span> Building up of European Administrative Space at Central and Local Level as a Key Challenge for the Kosovo's Further State Building Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arlinda%20Memetaj">Arlinda Memetaj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Building up of a well-functioning administrative justice system is one of the key prerequisites for ensuring the existence of an accountable and efficient public administration in Kosovo as well. To this aim, the country has already established an almost comprehensive legislative and institutional frameworks. The latter derives from (among others) the Kosovo`s Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU of 2016. A series of efforts are being presently still undertaken by all relevant domestic and international stakeholders being active in both the Kosovo`s public administration reform and the country` s system of a local self-government. Both systems are thus under a constant state of reform. Despite the aforesaid, there is still a series of shortcomings in the country in above context. There is a lot of backlog of administrative cases in the Prishtina Administrative court; there is a public lack in judiciary; the public administration is organized in a fragmented way; the administrative laws are still not properly implemented at local level; the municipalities` legislative and executive branches are not sufficiently transparent for the ordinary citizens ... Against the above short background, the full paper firstly outlines the legislative and institutional framework of the Kosovo's systems of an administrative justice and local self-government (on the basis of the fact that public administration and local government are not separate fields). It then illustrates the key specific shortcomings in those fields, as seen from the perspective of the citizens' right to good administration. It finally claims that the current status quo situation in the country may be resolved (among others) by granting Kosovo a status of full member state of the Council of Europe or at least granting it with a temporary status of a contracting party of (among others) the European Human Rights Convention. The later would enable all Kosovo citizens (regardless their ethnic or other origin whose human rights are violated by the Kosovo`s relative administrative authorities including the administrative courts) to bring their case/s before the respective well-known European Strasbourg-based Human Rights Court. This would consequently put the State under permanent and full monitoring process, with a view to obliging the country to properly implement the European Court`s decisions (as adopted by this court in those cases). This would be a benefit first of all for the very Kosovo`s ordinary citizens regardless their ethnic or other background. It would provide for a particular positive input in the ongoing efforts being undertaken by Kosovo and Serbia states within the EU-facilitated Dialogue, with a view to building up of an integral administrative justice system at central and local level in the whole Kosovo` s territory. The main method used in this paper is the descriptive, analytical and comparative one. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20courts" title="administrative courts">administrative courts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20justice" title=" administrative justice"> administrative justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20procedure" title=" administrative procedure"> administrative procedure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benefit" title=" benefit"> benefit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20Human%20Rights%20Court" title=" European Human Rights Court"> European Human Rights Court</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reform." title=" reform."> reform.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84644/building-up-of-european-administrative-space-at-central-and-local-level-as-a-key-challenge-for-the-kosovos-further-state-building-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84644.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">593</span> A Call for Justice and a New Economic Paradigm: Analyzing Counterhegemonic Discourses for Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Environmental Protection in Philippine Alternative Media</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20F.%20Espiritu">B. F. Espiritu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the resistance of the Lumad people, the indigenous peoples in Mindanao, Southern Philippines, and of environmental and human rights activists to the Philippine government's neoliberal policies and their call for justice and a new economic paradigm that will uphold peoples' rights and environmental protection in two alternative media online sites. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on indigenous resistance to neoliberal globalization and the quest for a new economic paradigm that upholds social justice for the marginalized in society, empathy and compassion for those who depend on the land for their survival, and environmental sustainability. The study analyzes the discourses in selected news articles from Davao Today and Kalikasan (translated to English as 'Nature') People's Network for the Environment’s statements and advocacy articles for the Lumad and the environment from 2018 to February 2020. The study reveals that the alternative media news articles and the advocacy articles contain statements that expose the oppression and violation of human rights of the Lumad people, farmers, government environmental workers, and environmental activists as shown in their killings, illegal arrest and detention, displacement of the indigenous peoples, destruction of their schools by the military and paramilitary groups, and environmental plunder and destruction with the government's permit for the entry and operation of extractive and agribusiness industries in the Lumad ancestral lands. Anchored on Christian Fuch's theory of alternative media as critical media and Bert Cammaerts' theorization of alternative media as counterhegemonic media that are part of civil society and form a third voice between state media and commercial media, the study reveals the counterhegemonic discourses of the news and advocacy articles that oppose the dominant economic system of neoliberalism which oppresses the people who depend on the land for their survival. Furthermore, the news and advocacy articles seek to advance social struggles that transform society towards the realization of cooperative potentials or a new economic paradigm that upholds economic democracy, where the local people, including the indigenous people, are economically empowered their environment and protected towards the realization of self-sustaining communities. The study highlights the call for justice, empathy, and compassion for both the people and the environment and the need for a new economic paradigm wherein indigenous peoples and local communities are empowered towards becoming self-sustaining communities in a sustainable environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20media" title="alternative media">alternative media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sustainability" title=" environmental sustainability"> environmental sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20resistance" title=" indigenous resistance"> indigenous resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130060/a-call-for-justice-and-a-new-economic-paradigm-analyzing-counterhegemonic-discourses-for-indigenous-peoples-rights-and-environmental-protection-in-philippine-alternative-media" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">592</span> The Lacuna in Understanding of Forensic Science amongst Law Practitioners in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poulomi%20Bhadra">Poulomi Bhadra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manjushree%20Palit"> Manjushree Palit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjeev%20P.%20Sahni"> Sanjeev P. Sahni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forensic science uses all branches of science for criminal investigation and trial and has increasingly emerged as an important tool in the administration of justice. However, the growth and development of this field in India has not been as rapid or widespread as compared to the more developed Western countries. For successful administration of justice, it is important that all agencies involved in law enforcement adopt an inter-professional approach towards forensic science, which is presently lacking. In light of the alarmingly high average acquittal rate in India, this study aims to examine the lack of understanding and appreciation of the importance and scope of forensic evidence and expert opinions amongst law professionals such as lawyers and judges. Based on a study of trial court cases from Delhi and surrounding areas, the study underline the areas in forensics where the criminal justice system has noticeably erred. Using this information, the authors examine the extent of forensic understanding amongst legal professionals and attempt to conclusively identify the areas in which they need further appraisal. A cross-sectional study done using a structured questionnaire was conducted amongst law professionals across age, gender, type and years of experience in court, to determine their understanding of DNA, fingerprints and other interdisciplinary scientific materials used as forensic evidence. In our study, we understand the levels of understanding amongst lawyers with regards to DNA and fingerprint evidence, and how it affects trial outcomes. We also aim to understand the factors that prevent credible and advanced awareness amongst legal personnel, amongst others. The survey identified the areas in modern and advanced forensics, such as forensic entomology, anthropology, cybercrime etc., in which Indian legal professionals are yet to attain a functional understanding. It also brings to light, what is commonly termed as the ‘CSI-effect’ in the Western courtrooms, and provides scope to study the existence of this phenomenon and its effects on the Indian courts and their judgements. This study highlighted the prevalence of unchallenged expert testimony presented by the prosecution in criminal trials and impressed upon the judicial system the need for independent analysis and evaluation of the scientist’s data and/or testimony by the defense. Overall, this study aims to define a clearer and rigid understanding of why legal professionals should have basic understanding of the interdisciplinary nature of forensic sciences. Based on the aforementioned findings, the author suggests various measures by which judges and lawyers might obtain an extensive knowledge of the advances and promising potentialities of forensic science. This includes promoting a forensic curriculum in legal studies at Bachelor’s and Master’s level as well as in mid-career professional courses. Formation of forensic-legal consultancies, in consultation with the Department of Justice, will not only assist in training police, military and law personnel but will also encourage legal research in this field. These suggestions also aim to bridge the communication gap that presently exists between law practitioners, forensic scientists and the general community’s awareness of the criminal justice system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20science" title="forensic science">forensic science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20legal%20professionals" title=" Indian legal professionals"> Indian legal professionals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interdisciplinary%20awareness" title=" interdisciplinary awareness"> interdisciplinary awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20education" title=" legal education"> legal education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48024/the-lacuna-in-understanding-of-forensic-science-amongst-law-practitioners-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">591</span> Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Midfacial: Nasal Defects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20Ahmed">Bilal Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rehabilitation of congenital and acquired maxillofacial defects is always a challenging clinical scenario. These defects pose major physiological and psychological threat not only to the patient but to the entire family. There has been an enormous scientific development in maxillofacial rehabilitation with the advent of CAD CAM, 3-D scanning, Osseo-integrated implants and improved restorative materials. There are also specialized centers with latest diagnostic and treatment facilities in the developed countries. However, in certain clinical case scenarios, conventional prosthodontic principles are still the gold standards. Similarly in a less developed world, financial and technical constraints are factors affecting treatment planning and final outcomes. However, we can do a lot of benefits to the affected human beings, even with use of simple and cost-effective conventional prosthodontic techniques and materials. These treatment strategies may sometimes be considered as intermediate or temporary options, but with regular follow-up maintenance these can be used on a definitive basis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maxillofacial%20defects" title="maxillofacial defects">maxillofacial defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obturators" title=" obturators"> obturators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prosthodontics" title=" prosthodontics"> prosthodontics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20and%20health%20sciences" title=" medical and health sciences"> medical and health sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16383/prosthetic-rehabilitation-of-midfacial-nasal-defects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">590</span> Understanding the Social Movements around the ‘Rohingya Crisis’ within the Political Process Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aklima%20Jesmin">Aklima Jesmin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ubaidur%20Rob"> Ubaidur Rob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ashrafur%20Rahman"> M. Ashrafur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rohingya population of Arakan state in Myanmar are one the most persecuted ethnic minorities in this 21st century. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), all human beings are born free, equal in dignity and rights. However, these populations are systematically excluded from this universal proclamation of human rights as they are Rohingya, which signify ‘other’. Based on the accessible and available literatures about Rohingya issue, this study firstly found there are chronological pattern of human rights violations against the ethnic Rohingya which follows the pathology of the Holocaust in this 21st century of human civilization. These violations have been possible due to modern technology, bureaucracy which has been performed through authorization, routinization and dehumanization; not only in formal institutions but in the society as a whole. This kind of apparently never-ending situation poses any author with the problem of available many scientific articles. The most important sources are, therefore the international daily newspapers, social media and official webpage of the non-state actors for nitty-gritty day to day update. Although it challenges the validity and objectivity of the information, but to address the critical ongoing human rights violations against Rohingya population can become a base for further work on this issue. One of the aspects of this paper is to accommodate all the social movements since August 2017 to date. The findings of this paper is that even though it seemed only human rights violations occurred against Rohingya historically but, simultaneously the process of social movements had also started, can be traced more after the military campaign in 2017. Therefore, the Rohingya crisis can be conceptualized within one ‘campaign’ movement for justice, not as episodic events, especially within the Political Process Model than any other social movement theories. This model identifies that the role of international political movements as well as the role of non-state actors are more powerful than any other episodes of violence conducted against Rohinyga in reframing issue, blaming and shaming to Myanmar government and creating the strategic opportunities for social changes. The lack of empowerment of the affected Rohingya population has been found as the loop to utilize this strategic opportunity. Their lack of empowerment can also affect their capacity to reframe their rights and to manage the campaign for their justice. Therefore, this should be placed at the heart of the international policy agenda within the broader socio-political movement for the justice of Rohingya population. Without ensuring human rights of Rohingya population, achieving the promise of the united nation’s sustainable development goals - no one would be excluded – will be impossible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civilization" title="civilization">civilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holocaust" title=" holocaust"> holocaust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violation" title=" human rights violation"> human rights violation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=military%20campaign" title=" military campaign"> military campaign</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20process%20model" title=" political process model"> political process model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohingya%20population" title=" Rohingya population"> Rohingya population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development%20goal" title=" sustainable development goal"> sustainable development goal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20justice" title=" social justice"> social justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20movement" title=" social movement"> social movement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20opportunity" title=" strategic opportunity"> strategic opportunity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91510/understanding-the-social-movements-around-the-rohingya-crisis-within-the-political-process-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">589</span> Designing Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure to Benefit Historically-Marginalized Residents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polly%20Parkinson">Polly Parkinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Mecham"> Emma Mecham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fawn%20Groves"> Fawn Groves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Wilson-Lopez"> Amy Wilson-Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivonne%20Santiago"> Ivonne Santiago</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the rush to meet electric vehicle (EV) adoption goals that address environmental and health concerns, engineering planners and community policy experts cannot separate the socioeconomic and equity factors from transportation needs. Two gaps are identified in existing research: concrete proposals that address affordable micromobility options and provide for needs of community members without cars, and community-engaged research that elevates the concerns and solutions brought forward by historically-marginalized community members. This data analysis from a recent case study in a vulnerable community indicates that because transportation decisions are inextricably linked to health, work, and housing, EV adoption must also address multifaceted human needs. Communities focused on building more electric vehicle charging stations must find ways for lower-income households to also benefit. This research engaged residents in the planning process and resulted in a template for charging stations to advance mobility justice with a range of options that purposefully benefit the whole community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20engagement" title="community engagement">community engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle%20charging" title=" electric vehicle charging"> electric vehicle charging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20justice" title=" environmental justice"> environmental justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participatory%20research" title=" participatory research"> participatory research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation%20equity" title=" transportation equity"> transportation equity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188181/designing-electric-vehicle-charging-infrastructure-to-benefit-historically-marginalized-residents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">588</span> Contested Visions of Exploration in IR: Theoretical Engagements, Reflections and New Agendas on the Dynamics of Global Order</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ananya%20Sharma">Ananya Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> International Relations is a discipline of paradoxes. The State is the dominant political institution, with mainstream analysis theorizing the State, but theory remains at best a reactionary monolith. Critical Theorists have been pushing the envelope and to that extent, there has been a clear shift in the dominant discourse away from State-centrism to individuals and group-level behaviour. This paradigm shift has been accompanied with more nuanced conceptualizations of other variables at play–power, security, and trust, to name a few. Yet, the ambit of “what is discussed” remains primarily embedded in realist conceptualizations. With this background in mind, this paper will attempt to understand, juxtapose and evaluate how “order” has been conceptualized in International Relations theory. This paper is a tentative attempt to present a “state of the art” and in the process, set the stage for a deeper study to draw attention to what the author feels is a gaping lacuna in IR theory. The paper looks at how different branches of international relations theory envisage world order and the silences embedded therein. Further, by locating order and disorder inhabiting the same reality along a continuum, alternative readings of world orders are drawn from the critical theoretical traditions, in which various articulations of justice impart the key normative pillar to the world order. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20justice" title="global justice">global justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20relations%20theory" title=" international relations theory"> international relations theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legitimacy" title=" legitimacy"> legitimacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=world%20order" title=" world order"> world order</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31490/contested-visions-of-exploration-in-ir-theoretical-engagements-reflections-and-new-agendas-on-the-dynamics-of-global-order" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">587</span> Tracing the History of Indian Legal System Vis-A-Vis the Code of Hammurabi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vandana%20Kumari">Vandana Kumari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most ancient and detailed legal codes proclaimed the Babylonian King Hammurabi during his reign in the erstwhile Mesopotamian society, provides a fascinating account of the social and justice system of Babylon. The 282 laws intricately carved on eight feet black stone stela serve as an important source of contemporary commercial, family and criminals laws. This paper attempts an inquiry into the contemporary relevance of this legal code to our current legal system. An exhaustive study of one of ancient legal system based on a series of practical experiences rather than being founded on mere theoretical ideologies can be assumed pertinent to the promulgation of practically viable laws in our country. The first chapter of the paper focuses on law seven which established the rules of commerce and the role of government in overseeing justice and honesty regarding the law of property. The second chapter deals with the laws of family, marriages, divorce and adoption prevailing in the Babylonian era. The third chapter traces the earliest known history of criminal jurisprudence which impregnated the principle of an eye for an eye. The paper is not merely a theoretical account of the Mesopotamian way of living but a novice attempt to discover the roots of Indian laws in the ruins of the courtrooms of the Hammurabi Empire. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babylonian%20legal%20system" title="Babylonian legal system">Babylonian legal system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Contemporary%20relevance" title=" Contemporary relevance"> Contemporary relevance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20jurisprudence" title=" criminal jurisprudence"> criminal jurisprudence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammurabi%20Code" title=" Hammurabi Code"> Hammurabi Code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62719/tracing-the-history-of-indian-legal-system-vis-a-vis-the-code-of-hammurabi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">586</span> Moral Decision-Making in the Criminal Justice System: The Influence of Gruesome Descriptions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Pati%C3%B1o-S%C3%A1enz">Michel Patiño-Sáenz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mart%C3%ADn%20Haissiner"> Martín Haissiner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Mart%C3%ADnez-Cotrina"> Jorge Martínez-Cotrina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Pastor"> Daniel Pastor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hernando%20Santamar%C3%ADa-Garc%C3%ADa"> Hernando Santamaría-García</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria-Alejandra%20Tangarife"> Maria-Alejandra Tangarife</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agustin%20Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez"> Agustin Ibáñez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Baez"> Sandra Baez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been shown that gruesome descriptions of harm can increase the punishment given to a transgressor. This biasing effect is mediated by negative emotions, which are elicited upon the presentation of gruesome descriptions. However, there is a lack of studies inquiring the influence of such descriptions on moral decision-making in people involved in the criminal justice system. Such populations are of special interest since they have experience dealing with gruesome evidence, but also formal education on how to assess evidence and gauge the appropriate punishment according to the law. Likewise, they are expected to be objective and rational when performing their duty, because their decisions can impact profoundly people`s lives. Considering these antecedents, the objective of this study was to explore the influence gruesome written descriptions on moral decision-making in this group of people. To that end, we recruited attorneys, judges and public prosecutors (Criminal justice group, CJ, n=30) whose field of specialty is criminal law. In addition, we included a control group of people who did not have a formal education in law (n=30), but who were paired in age and years of education with the CJ group. All participants completed an online, Spanish-adapted version of a moral decision-making task, which was previously reported in the literature and also standardized and validated in the Latin-American context. A series of text-based stories describing two characters, one inflicting harm on the other, were presented to participants. Transgressor's intentionality (accidental vs. intentional harm) and language (gruesome vs. plain) used to describe harm were manipulated employing a within-subjects and a between-subjects design, respectively. After reading each story, participants were asked to rate (a) the harmful action's moral adequacy, (b) the amount of punishment deserving the transgressor and (c) how damaging was his behavior. Results showed main effects of group, intentionality and type of language on all dependent measures. In both groups, intentional harmful actions were rated as significantly less morally adequate, were punished more severely and were deemed as more damaging. Moreover, control subjects deemed more damaging and punished more severely any type of action than the CJ group. In addition, there was an interaction between intentionality and group. People in the control group rated harmful actions as less morally adequate than the CJ group, but only when the action was accidental. Also, there was an interaction between intentionality and language on punishment ratings. Controls punished more when harm was described using gruesome language. However, that was not the case of people in the CJ group, who assigned the same amount of punishment in both conditions. In conclusion, participants with job experience in the criminal justice system or criminal law differ in the way they make moral decisions. Particularly, it seems that they are less sensitive to the biasing effect of gruesome evidence, which is probably explained by their formal education or their experience in dealing with such evidence. Nonetheless, more studies are needed to determine the impact this phenomenon has on the fulfillment of their duty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20justice%20system" title="criminal justice system">criminal justice system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotions" title=" emotions"> emotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gruesome%20descriptions" title=" gruesome descriptions"> gruesome descriptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intentionality" title=" intentionality"> intentionality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20decision-making" title=" moral decision-making"> moral decision-making</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74987/moral-decision-making-in-the-criminal-justice-system-the-influence-of-gruesome-descriptions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">585</span> Resolving Conflicts of Constitutional Nature: Inside the Romanian Constitutional Court's Rulings on the Role and Competencies of the Public Authorities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marieta%20Safta">Marieta Safta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The separation and balance of state powers constitute the basis of the rule of law. Observance of this principle requires framing of public authorities within the limits of competence established by the Constitution and the law, as well as loyal cooperation between them. From this perspective, the attribution of the constitutional courts for settling legal conflicts of a constitutional nature is an important tool for correcting the tendencies of violation of these limits, as well as for identifying solutions for situations that do not find an explicit regulation in the constitutional texts. The present study analyzes the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court of Romania in the field of legal conflicts of a constitutional nature, revealing, together with the presentation of conflict situations, the vulnerabilities of the constitutional reference texts. It is also highlighted the role of the constitutional courts in the evolution of constitutional law institutions, even in terms of defining and redefining the regime of the forms of government. The conclusion of the study, beyond the subject of legal conflicts of a constitutional nature, bears on the necessity, even more so in this matter, of the certainty of jurisdictional interpretation. This certainty cannot be achieved as long as the interpretation is not authoritative; consequently, the assurance of the effectiveness of constitutional justice constitute a key issue of the rule of law. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20conflicts%20of%20constitutional%20nature" title="legal conflicts of constitutional nature">legal conflicts of constitutional nature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Constitutional%20Court%20of%20Romania" title=" the Constitutional Court of Romania"> the Constitutional Court of Romania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20separation%20and%20balance%20of%20powers%20in%20the%20state" title=" the separation and balance of powers in the state"> the separation and balance of powers in the state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20effectiveness%20of%20constitutional%20justice" title=" the effectiveness of constitutional justice"> the effectiveness of constitutional justice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98902/resolving-conflicts-of-constitutional-nature-inside-the-romanian-constitutional-courts-rulings-on-the-role-and-competencies-of-the-public-authorities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">584</span> Centering Critical Sociology for Social Justice and Inclusive Education </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al%20Karim%20Datoo">Al Karim Datoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract— The presentation argues for an urgent case to center and integrate critical sociology in enriching potency of educational thought and practice to counteract inequalities and social injustices. COVID phenomenon has starkly exposed burgeoning of social-economic inequalities and widening marginalities which have been historically and politically constructed through deep-seated social and power imbalances and injustices in the world. What potent role could education possibly play to combat these issues? A point of departure for this paper highlights increasing reductionist and exclusionary ‘mind-set’ of education that has been developed through trends in education such as: the commodification of knowledge, standardisation, homogenization, and reification which are products of the positivist ideology of knowledge coopted to serve capitalist interests. To redress these issues of de-contextualization and de-humanization of education, it is emphasized that there is an urgent need to center the role of interpretive and critical epistemologies and pedagogies of social sciences. In this regard, notions of problem-posing versus problem-solving, generative themes, instrumental versus emancipatory reasoning will be discussed. The presentation will conclude by illustrating the pedagogic utility of these critically oriented notions to counteract the social reproduction of exclusionary and inequality in and through education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Critical%20pedagogy" title="Critical pedagogy">Critical pedagogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20justice" title=" social justice"> social justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title=" inclusion "> inclusion </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education "> education </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128492/centering-critical-sociology-for-social-justice-and-inclusive-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">583</span> Violence of Tyrant Children to Their Parents: An Interdisciplinary Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20Maria%20Aguilar%20Carceles">Marta Maria Aguilar Carceles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ginesa%20Torrente%20Hernandez"> Ginesa Torrente Hernandez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of the current study is focused on giving an interdisciplinary comprehension of an increased phenomenon in recent years: violence against parents. Violence can take different forms depending on the context and the vulnerability of the victims, but in this kind of situations, the relationship between parents and young people can become abusive and uncontrollable. Taking a sample from the Spanish Criminal Courts, this study explores those psychological and sociological factors that can contribute to the appearance and continuity of this kind of behaviors in minors. It is considered factors like the type of offence, presence or absence of psychopathology in the subjects, family aspects, or sociodemographic factors, getting a criminal profile of the minor and evaluating which measures are more efficient or adequate in each particular case. Finally, it will be discussed on how getting effective interventions and restorative responses to address teen violence against their parents within the Spanish Legal System. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminality" title="criminality">criminality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20system" title=" legal system"> legal system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parents" title=" parents"> parents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tyrant%20sons" title=" tyrant sons"> tyrant sons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violence" title=" violence"> violence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106646/violence-of-tyrant-children-to-their-parents-an-interdisciplinary-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">582</span> Knowledge, Technology and Empowerment in Contemporary Scenario</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Roy">Samir Roy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the relationship among knowledge, technology, and empowerment. In Physics power is defined as rate of doing work. In everyday use, the meaning of the word power is related to the capacity to bring change of value in the world. It appears that the popular aphorism “Knowledge is power” should be revisited in the context of contemporary states of affairs. For instance, classical mechanics is a system of knowledge, so also thermodynamics. But neither of them, per se, is sufficient to produce automobilin es. Boolean algebra, the logical foundation of digital electronic computers, was introduced by George Boole in 1847. But that knowledge was practically useless for almost one hundred years until digital electronics was developed in early twentieth century, which eventually led to invention of digital electronic computers. Empowerment of women is a burning issue in the arena of social justice. However, if we carefully analyze the functional elements of women’s empowerment, we find them to be highly technology driven as well as technology dependent in real life. On the other hand, technology has empowered modern states to maintain social order and promote democracy in an effective manner. This paper includes a few case studies to establish the close correspondence between knowledge, especially scientific knowledge, technology, and empowerment. It appears that in contemporary scenario, “Technology is power” is a more appropriate statement than the traditional aphorism “Knowledge is power”. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title="knowledge">knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science" title=" science"> science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowerment" title=" empowerment"> empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change" title=" change"> change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20justice" title=" social justice"> social justice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186560/knowledge-technology-and-empowerment-in-contemporary-scenario" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">41</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">581</span> Ill-Defined and Ill-Equipped: Understanding the Limits of the Concept of Truth in South Africa’S Truth and Reconciliation Commission</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keo%20Mbebe">Keo Mbebe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) is widely regarded as a blueprint for countries seeking to transcend the atrocities of their past and create a new human rights-based administration. The aim of these societies is to establish historical truth. Within the TRC, the aspects of truth-finding and truth-telling were considered to be catalysts for national unity and reconciliation. Truth-seeking, in addition, was mandated in the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act (TRC Act), which is the legislation behind the TRC. However, there is an incongruency between the conception of truth outlined in the Act, and the conception of truth explained in the Report of the TRC proceedings. The aim of this paper is to delineate these two kinds of “truth” and to critically analyze them. Doing so, it will then be evident in the discussion that there is a need for substantial clarity in the conception of truth used in transitional justice settings based on truth-finding and truth-seeking, and the paper will present ways in which such clarity may be achieved. The paper will begin with a philosophical engagement on the notion of historical truth used by the TRC legislation. Thereafter, the historical background to the political context in which the TRC Act was mandated will be provided. The next section would then be a sketch of the conceptions of historical truth and historical injustice in the Act, as well as its supporting documents. Lastly, it will be argued that the subversion of the TRC’s mandate to promote reconciliation and national unity by bringing to light past human rights violations during apartheid is betrayed by its amorphous conception of historical truth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20truth" title="historical truth">historical truth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transitional%20justice" title=" transitional justice"> transitional justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truth%20commission" title=" truth commission"> truth commission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137192/ill-defined-and-ill-equipped-understanding-the-limits-of-the-concept-of-truth-in-south-africas-truth-and-reconciliation-commission" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">580</span> A Custom Convolutional Neural Network with Hue, Saturation, Value Color for Malaria Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghazala%20Hcini">Ghazala Hcini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imen%20Jdey"> Imen Jdey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hela%20Ltifi"> Hela Ltifi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Malaria disease should be considered and handled as a potential restorative catastrophe. One of the most challenging tasks in the field of microscopy image processing is due to differences in test design and vulnerability of cell classifications. In this article, we focused on applying deep learning to classify patients by identifying images of infected and uninfected cells. We performed multiple forms, counting a classification approach using the Hue, Saturation, Value (HSV) color space. HSV is used since of its superior ability to speak to image brightness; at long last, for classification, a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is created. Clusters of focus were used to deliver the classification. The highlights got to be forbidden, and a few more clamor sorts are included in the information. The suggested method has a precision of 99.79%, a recall value of 99.55%, and provides 99.96% accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20network" title=" convolutional neural network"> convolutional neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20classification" title=" image classification"> image classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20transformation" title=" color transformation"> color transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HSV%20color" title=" HSV color"> HSV color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malaria%20diagnosis" title=" malaria diagnosis"> malaria diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malaria%20cells%20images" title=" malaria cells images"> malaria cells images</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161232/a-custom-convolutional-neural-network-with-hue-saturation-value-color-for-malaria-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">579</span> When the Poor Do Not Matter: Environmental Justice and Solid Waste Management in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20S.%20Kubanza">N. S. Kubanza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Simatele"> D. Simatele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20K.%20Das"> D. K. Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to understand the urban environmental problems in Kinshasa and the consequences of these for the poor. This paper particularly examines the concept of environmental injustice in solid waste management in Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The urban low-income communities in Kinshasa face multiple consequences of poor solid waste management associated with unhealthy living conditions. These situations stemmed from overcrowding, poor sanitary, accumulation of solid waste, resulting in the prevalence of water and air borne diseases. Using a mix of reviewed archival records, scholarly literature, a semi-structured interview conducted with the local community members and qualitative surveys among stakeholders; it was found that solid waste management challenge in Kinshasa is not only an environmental and health risk issues, but also, a problem that generates socio-spatial disparities in the distribution of the solid waste burden. It is argued in the paper that the urban poor areas in Kinshasa are often hardest affected by irregularities of waste collection. They lack sanitary storage capacities and have undermined organizational capacity for collective action within solid waste management. In view of these observations, this paper explores mechanisms and stakeholders’ engagement necessary to lessen environmental injustice in solid waste management (SWM) in Kinshasa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20justice" title="environmental justice">environmental justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20management" title=" solid waste management"> solid waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20environmental%20problems" title=" urban environmental problems"> urban environmental problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20poor" title=" urban poor"> urban poor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46653/when-the-poor-do-not-matter-environmental-justice-and-solid-waste-management-in-kinshasa-the-democratic-republic-of-congo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">578</span> Cosmopolitan Democracy and Justice: Analysis of the Supporters and Critics’ Argumentation of the World State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafa%C5%82%20Wonicki">Rafał Wonicki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We live in an increasingly unstable world - the 2008 Euro crisis, the 2011-2015 immigration crisis in the EU, the pandemic of COVID-19, China's rivalry with the US, and the war in Ukraine are just some of the phenomena that show that current model of international justice is more and more contested. One of the answers to these challenges - apart from the return to the multipolar world or the growth of populism (Zakaria, Mouffe, etc.) - is the idea of global egalitarianism in the form of cosmopolitan democracy. The work will analyze this project and present the legal and institutional dimensions of the idea of global egalitarianism, which will examine the relationship between the axiological assumptions of this approach and its outcome in the shape of international institutions. In order to examine the project, a historical outline will be presented, which will anchor the idea of cosmopolitan democracy in the background of earlier philosophical ideas about the world state. Next, thanks to this, it will be possible to see to what extent this model is consistent with the postulates of its creators (Archibugi, Held, and others) and to what extent it solves the problems that they diagnose in today's globalized world. At the same time, the inclusion of the model of cosmopolitan democracy in the latest discussion concerning the theoretical and practical advantages and disadvantages of the world state will reveal the axiology behind the idea of state sovereignty and give the audience the possibility to reflect how such philosophical concepts help to better understand contemporary times. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmopolitan%20democracy" title="cosmopolitan democracy">cosmopolitan democracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20egalitarianism" title=" global egalitarianism"> global egalitarianism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=held" title=" held"> held</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Archibugi" title=" Archibugi"> Archibugi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155999/cosmopolitan-democracy-and-justice-analysis-of-the-supporters-and-critics-argumentation-of-the-world-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">577</span> Documentary Filmmaking as Activism: Case Studies in Advocacy and Social Justice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babatunde%20Kolawole">Babatunde Kolawole</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper embarks on an exploration of the compelling interplay between documentary filmmaking and activism, delving into their symbiotic relationship and profound impact on advocacy and social justice causes. Through an in-depth analysis of diverse case studies, it seeks to illuminate the instances where documentary films have emerged as potent tools for effecting social change and advancing the principles of justice. This research underscores the vital role played by documentary filmmakers in harnessing the medium's unique capacity to engage, educate, and mobilize audiences while advocating for societal transformation. The primary focus of this study is on a selection of compelling case studies spanning various topics and causes, each exemplifying the marriage between documentary filmmaking and activism. These case studies encompass a broad spectrum of subjects, from environmental conservation and climate change to civil rights movements and human rights struggles. By examining these real-world instances, this paper endeavors to provide a comprehensive understanding of the strategies, challenges, and ethical considerations that underpin the practice of documentary filmmaking as a form of activism. Throughout the paper, it becomes evident that the potency of documentary filmmaking lies in its ability to blend artistry with social impact. The selected case studies vividly demonstrate how documentary filmmakers, armed with cameras and a passion for change, have emerged as critical agents of societal transformation. Whether it be exposing environmental atrocities, shedding light on systemic inequalities, or giving voice to marginalized communities, these documentaries have played a pivotal role in pushing the boundaries of advocacy and social justice. One of the key themes explored in this paper is the evolving nature of documentary filmmaking as a tool for activism. It delves into the shift from traditional observational documentaries to more participatory and immersive approaches, highlighting the dynamic ways in which filmmakers engage with their subjects and audiences. This evolution is exemplified in case studies where filmmakers have collaborated with the communities they document, fostering a sense of agency and empowerment among those whose stories are being told. Furthermore, this research underscores the ethical considerations inherent in the intersection of documentary filmmaking and activism. It scrutinizes questions surrounding representation, objectivity, and the responsibility of filmmakers in portraying complex social issues. By dissecting ethical dilemmas faced by documentary filmmakers in these case studies, this paper encourages a critical examination of the ethical boundaries and obligations in the realm of advocacy-driven filmmaking. In conclusion, this paper aims to shed light on the remarkable potential of documentary filmmaking as a catalyst for activism and social justice. Through the lens of compelling case studies, it illustrates the transformative power of the medium in effecting change, amplifying underrepresented voices, and mobilizing global audiences. It is hoped that this research will not only inform the discourse on documentary activism but also inspire filmmakers, scholars, and advocates to continue leveraging the cinematic art form as a formidable force for a more just and equitable world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title="film">film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filmmaker" title=" filmmaker"> filmmaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=documentary" title=" documentary"> documentary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20right" title=" human right"> human right</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173011/documentary-filmmaking-as-activism-case-studies-in-advocacy-and-social-justice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">576</span> A Dynamic Model for Circularity Assessment of Nutrient Recovery from Domestic Sewage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anurag%20Bhambhani">Anurag Bhambhani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Peter%20Van%20Der%20Hoek"> Jan Peter Van Der Hoek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoran%20Kapelan"> Zoran Kapelan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The food system depends on the availability of Phosphorus (P) and Nitrogen (N). Growing population, depleting Phosphorus reserves and energy-intensive industrial nitrogen fixation are threats to their future availability. Recovering P and N from domestic sewage water offers a solution. Recovered P and N can be applied to agricultural land, replacing virgin P and N. Thus, recovery from sewage water offers a solution befitting a circular economy. To ensure minimum waste and maximum resource efficiency a circularity assessment method is crucial to optimize nutrient flows and minimize losses. Material Circularity Indicator (MCI) is a useful method to quantify the circularity of materials. It was developed for materials that remain within the market and recently extended to include biotic materials that may be composted or used for energy recovery after end-of-use. However, MCI has not been used in the context of nutrient recovery. Besides, MCI is time-static, i.e., it cannot account for dynamic systems such as the terrestrial nutrient cycles. Nutrient application to agricultural land is a highly dynamic process wherein flows and stocks change with time. The rate of recycling of nutrients in nature can depend on numerous factors such as prevailing soil conditions, local hydrology, the presence of animals, etc. Therefore, a dynamic model of nutrient flows with indicators is needed for the circularity assessment. A simple substance flow model of P and N will be developed with the help of flow equations and transfer coefficients that incorporate the nutrient recovery step along with the agricultural application, the volatilization and leaching processes, plant uptake and subsequent animal and human uptake. The model is then used for calculating the proportions of linear and restorative flows (coming from reused/recycled sources). The model will simulate the adsorption process based on the quantity of adsorbent and nutrient concentration in the water. Thereafter, the application of the adsorbed nutrients to agricultural land will be simulated based on adsorbate release kinetics, local soil conditions, hydrology, vegetation, etc. Based on the model, the restorative nutrient flow (returning to the sewage plant following human consumption) will be calculated. The developed methodology will be applied to a case study of resource recovery from wastewater. In the aforementioned case study located in Italy, biochar or zeolite is to be used for recovery of P and N from domestic sewage through adsorption and thereafter, used as a slow-release fertilizer in agriculture. Using this model, information regarding the efficiency of nutrient recovery and application can be generated. This can help to optimize the recovery process and application of the nutrients. Consequently, this will help to optimize nutrient recovery and application and reduce the dependence of the food system on the virgin extraction of P and N. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title="circular economy">circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20substance%20flow" title=" dynamic substance flow"> dynamic substance flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20cycles" title=" nutrient cycles"> nutrient cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20recovery%20from%20water" title=" resource recovery from water"> resource recovery from water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140973/a-dynamic-model-for-circularity-assessment-of-nutrient-recovery-from-domestic-sewage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">575</span> Final Costs of Civil Claims</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnam%20Habibi%20Dargah">Behnam Habibi Dargah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The economics of cost-benefit theory seeks to monitor claims and determine their final price. The cost of litigation is important because it is a measure of the efficiency of the justice system. From an economic point of view, the cost of litigation is considered to be the point of equilibrium of litigation, whereby litigation is regarded as a high-risk investment and is initiated when the costs are less than the probable and expected benefits. Costs are economically separated into private and social costs. Private cost includes material (direct and indirect) and spiritual costs. The social costs of litigation are also subsidized-centric due to the public and governmental nature of litigation and cover both types of bureaucratic bureaucracy and the costs of judicial misconduct. Macroeconomic policy in the economics of justice is the reverse engineering of controlling the social costs of litigation by employing selective litigation and working on the judicial culture to achieve rationality in the monopoly system. Procedures for controlling and managing court costs are also circumscribed to economic patterns in the field. Rational cost allocation model and cost transfer model. The rational allocation model deals with cost-tolerance systems, and the transfer model also considers three models of transferability, including legal, judicial and contractual transferability, which will be described and explored in the present article in a comparative manner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20of%20litigation" title="cost of litigation">cost of litigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics%20of%20litigation" title=" economics of litigation"> economics of litigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20cost" title=" private cost"> private cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20cost" title=" social cost"> social cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20of%20litigation" title=" cost of litigation"> cost of litigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126746/final-costs-of-civil-claims" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126746.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">574</span> An Analysis of African Solutions to African Problems: Practical Effects of International Criminal Court Withdrawals in Favour of Regional Court Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeanne-Mari%20Retief">Jeanne-Mari Retief</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As of November 2016, three African states have withdrawn from the International Criminal Court (ICC) and more are expected to follow. The alleged abuse of universal jurisdiction and targeting of African states by the ICC motivated the withdrawals. These historical exits raise many questions, especially in regard to the adequate investigation and prosecution of international crimes in a continent with a history of impunity. Even though African courts exist and one more is proposed, many issues remain i.e. adequate access to the courts, the extent of the courts’ jurisdiction, and proposed methods of effectively dealing with international crimes in Africa. This paper seeks to address the practical effects of the withdrawal from the ICC and the problems posed through utilizing regional courts. It will specifically look at the practical challenges existing courts face, the lack of access to the latter, issues concerning the proposed African Court for Justice and Human Rights, and the shocking promotion of impunity in Africa. These all have severe implications for African citizens and victims of the most heinous crimes. The mantra of African solutions to African problems places an important duty on states to ensure the actual provision of these solutions, which can only be achieved through a critical analysis of the questions above. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ACJHR" title="ACJHR">ACJHR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impunity" title=" impunity"> impunity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malabo%20protocol" title=" Malabo protocol"> Malabo protocol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62868/an-analysis-of-african-solutions-to-african-problems-practical-effects-of-international-criminal-court-withdrawals-in-favour-of-regional-court-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">573</span> An Unexpected Helping Hand: Consequences of Redistribution on Personal Ideology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20B.A.%20Egli">Simon B.A. Egli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katja%20Rost"> Katja Rost</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Literature on redistributive preferences has proliferated in past decades. A core assumption behind it is that variation in redistributive preferences can explain different levels of redistribution. In contrast, this paper considers the reverse. What if it is redistribution that changes redistributive preferences? The core assumption behind the argument is that if self-interest - which we label concrete preferences - and ideology - which we label abstract preferences - come into conflict, the former will prevail and lead to an adjustment of the latter. To test the hypothesis, data from a survey conducted in Switzerland during the first wave of the COVID-19 crisis is used. A significant portion of the workforce at the time unexpectedly received state money through the short-time working program. Short-time work was used as a proxy for self-interest and was tested (1) on the support given to hypothetical, ailing firms during the crisis and (2) on the prioritization of justice principles guiding state action. In a first step, several models using OLS-regressions on political orientation were estimated to test our hypothesis as well as to check for non-linear effects. We expected support for ailing firms to be the same regardless of ideology but only for people on short-time work. The results both confirm our hypothesis and suggest a non-linear effect. Far-right individuals on short-time work were disproportionally supportive compared to moderate ones. In a second step, ordered logit models were estimated to test the impact of short-time work and political orientation on the rankings of the distributive justice principles need, performance, entitlement, and equality. The results show that being on short-time work significantly alters the prioritization of justice principles. Right-wing individuals are much more likely to prioritize need and equality over performance and entitlement when they receive government assistance. No such effect is found among left-wing individuals. In conclusion, we provide moderate to strong evidence that unexpectedly finding oneself at the receiving end changes redistributive preferences if personal ideology is antithetical to redistribution. The implications of our findings on the study of populism, personal ideologies, and political change are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideology" title=" ideology"> ideology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redistribution" title=" redistribution"> redistribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redistributive%20preferences" title=" redistributive preferences"> redistributive preferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-interest" title=" self-interest"> self-interest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135400/an-unexpected-helping-hand-consequences-of-redistribution-on-personal-ideology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restorative%20justice&page=8" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restorative%20justice&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restorative%20justice&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restorative%20justice&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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