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class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Neil Abercrombie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="نيل أبركرومبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نيل أبركرومبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="نیل آبرکرومبی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نیل آبرکرومبی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="نیل آبرکرومبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیل آبرکرومبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99" title="ניל אברקרומבי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניל אברקרומבי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%89" title="نيل ابركرومبى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيل ابركرومبى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC" title="ニール・アバークロンビー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニール・アバークロンビー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Эберкромби, Нил – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эберкромби, Нил" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%95%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96" title="Ніл Еберкромбі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ніл Еберкромбі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Neil Abercrombie" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%BE%99%E6%AF%94" title="尼尔·阿伯克龙比 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尼尔·阿伯克龙比" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q469689#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Neil_Abercrombie" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1938)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Neil Abercrombie</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Neil_Abercrombie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Neil_Abercrombie.jpg/220px-Neil_Abercrombie.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Neil_Abercrombie.jpg/330px-Neil_Abercrombie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Neil_Abercrombie.jpg/440px-Neil_Abercrombie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1250" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">7th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">Governor of Hawaii</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />December 6, 2010 – December 1, 2014</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Shan_Tsutsui" title="Shan Tsutsui">Shan Tsutsui</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Lingle" title="Linda Lingle">Linda Lingle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">David Ige</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">1st</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1991 – February 28, 2010</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Saiki" title="Pat Saiki">Pat Saiki</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Djou" title="Charles Djou">Charles Djou</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 20, 1986 – January 3, 1987</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Heftel" title="Cecil Heftel">Cecil Heftel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Pat Saiki</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Honolulu_City_Council" title="Honolulu City Council">Honolulu City Council</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1988–1990</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate" title="Hawaii Senate">Hawaii Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1980–1986</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_House_of_Representatives" title="Hawaii House of Representatives">Hawaii House of Representatives</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1975–1979</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1938-06-26</span>) </span>June 26, 1938<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 86)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Nancie_Caraway" title="Nancie Caraway">Nancie Caraway</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1981)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">AB</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawai%CA%BBi_at_M%C4%81noa" title="University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa">University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">MA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neil_Abercrombie_signature.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neil Abercrombie's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Neil_Abercrombie_signature.jpeg/128px-Neil_Abercrombie_signature.jpeg" decoding="async" width="128" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Neil_Abercrombie_signature.jpeg/192px-Neil_Abercrombie_signature.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Neil_Abercrombie_signature.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="52" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Neil Abercrombie</b> (born June 26, 1938) is an American politician who served as the seventh <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">governor of Hawaii</a> from 2010 to 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>. </p><p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a>, Abercrombie is a graduate of <a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union College</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawai%CA%BBi_at_M%C4%81noa" title="University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa">University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa</a>. He began his political career in 1975, winning a seat in the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_House_of_Representatives" title="Hawaii House of Representatives">Hawai'i House of Representatives</a>. He served in the Hawai'i House until 1979, when he was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii State Senate">Hawai'i State Senate</a>. Upon the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Heftel" title="Cecil Heftel">Cecil Heftel</a>, who resigned from the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> to run for governor, Abercrombie was elected to his vacant seat in a special election in 1986, but lost the Democratic primary for a full term on the same day. Abercrombie served the remainder of Heftel's term until January 1987. He served on the <a href="/wiki/Honolulu_City_Council" title="Honolulu City Council">Honolulu City Council</a> from 1988 to 1990 before returning to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> in 1991. Abercrombie served nine consecutive terms in the House from 1993 to 2010, representing <a href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">Hawai'i's 1st congressional district</a>, consisting of urban <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a>. </p><p>With incumbent Governor <a href="/wiki/Linda_Lingle" title="Linda Lingle">Linda Lingle</a> prevented from running for reelection due to term limits, Abercrombie declared his candidacy for governor in March 2009. In September 2010 he won the five-candidate Democratic primary with 59% of the vote. Abercrombie went on to face <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party United States">Republican</a> nominee, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii">Lieutenant Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Duke_Aiona" title="Duke Aiona">Duke Aiona</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/2010_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Hawaii gubernatorial election">general election</a>. On November 2, 2010, Abercrombie and running mate <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</a> defeated Aiona with 57% of the vote. Abercrombie was sworn into office on December 6, 2010. In <a href="/wiki/2014_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Hawaii gubernatorial election">2014</a>, he was defeated in the Democratic primary by state senator <a href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">David Ige</a>, who went on to win the general election. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abercrombie was born on June 26, 1938, in Buffalo, New York, the son of Vera June (née Grader) and George Donald Abercrombie. He has <a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_Americans" title="Irish Americans">Irish</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a> ancestors. His paternal great-grandfather James Abercrombie left Ireland for Canada; his son then immigrated to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-fsopgs_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fsopgs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After graduating from Williamsville High School (now <a href="/wiki/Williamsville_South_High_School" title="Williamsville South High School">Williamsville South High School</a>), Abercrombie pursued studies in sociology at <a href="/wiki/Union_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College (New York)">Union College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady, New York</a>, where he earned his bachelor's degree in 1959 and was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Theta" title="Phi Delta Theta">Phi Delta Theta</a> fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He arrived in <a href="/wiki/Honolulu,_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Honolulu, Hawaii">Honolulu</a> in September 1959 to study at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_at_Manoa" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii at Manoa">University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa</a>, where he earned a master's degree in sociology and later a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">doctorate</a> in American Studies.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the university he befriended and attended classes with <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s parents, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Dunham" title="Ann Dunham">Ann Dunham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Sr." title="Barack Obama Sr.">Barack Obama, Sr.</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To support himself as a graduate student, Abercrombie worked as a waiter at Chuck's Steak House in <a href="/wiki/Waikiki" title="Waikiki">Waikīkī</a>, a locker desk clerk at the Central <a href="/wiki/YMCA" title="YMCA">YMCA</a>, a custodian at Mother Rice Preschool, a construction apprentice program director, an elementary school teacher, and a college lecturer.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abercrombie first participated in a political campaign in 1970, seeking the Democratic nomination for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a>. Unsuccessful, Abercrombie ran for the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii State House of Representatives">Hawai'i State House of Representatives</a>, where he served from 1975 to 1979. A distinguishing symbol of his early campaigns was a yellow <a href="/wiki/Checker_Taxi" title="Checker Taxi">Checker Taxi</a> with his name and face painted on the side, the use of which was motivated by lack of money for traditional campaigning methods. The taxi became a symbol of both his standing as an outsider from the mainland and his unconventional style.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1979, Abercrombie was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii State Senate">Hawai'i State Senate</a>, where he served from 1980 to 1986. After U.S. Representative Cecil Heftel resigned in July 1986 to run for governor of Hawai'i, Abercrombie was elected to the House in a September 1986 special election to complete Heftel's unexpired term. On the same day, he lost the Democratic primary for a full two-year term to <a href="/wiki/Mufi_Hannemann" title="Mufi Hannemann">Mufi Hannemann</a>, who lost to Republican <a href="/wiki/Pat_Saiki" title="Pat Saiki">Pat Saiki</a> in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abercrombie then set his sights on a seat of the <a href="/wiki/Honolulu_City_Council" title="Honolulu City Council">Honolulu City Council</a>. He won the race and served from 1988 to 1990. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._Congress">U.S. Congress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: U.S. Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the end of his council tenure in 1990, Abercrombie once again ran for Congress and won. He was reelected ten times. In the 2008 election, he won with 70.6% of the vote. </p><p>Abercrombie was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a> and compiled a generally liberal voting record. He supported and voted for the 2001 <a href="/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act" title="No Child Left Behind Act">No Child Left Behind Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 10, 2002, he was among the 133 members of the House who voted against authorizing the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">2003 invasion of Iraq</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He cosponsored H.R. 1312 (Assault Weapons Ban and Law Enforcement Protection Act of 2005) on July 28, 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took issue with the Vatican over not listing torture as a sin.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Project_Vote_Smart" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Vote Smart">Project Vote Smart</a>, Abercrombie holds the following issue positions: he is pro-choice, has voted against a ban on partial birth abortion, and has voted with the interests of <a href="/wiki/NARAL" class="mw-redirect" title="NARAL">NARAL</a> and <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood</a> 100% of the time between 2000 and 2006. He has voted for bills designed to make it easier for Americans to vote, such as the motor voter bill. He has advocated strongly for civil liberties; his voting record is supported by both the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union_(ACLU)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)">American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a>. He was one of the 67 representatives to vote against the <a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act">Defense of Marriage Act</a> (DOMA) in 1996 and has also voted against a constitutional amendment proposed in 2006 to limit marriage to being between one man and one woman.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of only nine representatives not to cast a vote for or against the <a href="/wiki/USA_PATRIOT_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="USA PATRIOT Act">USA PATRIOT Act</a> in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005 he voted against the extension of the act, calling it "a blank check to trample civil liberties."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007 he signed on as a co-sponsor of <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Health_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Health Care Act">H.R. 676</a>, which would have established a national health insurance program.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned from Congress on February 28, 2010, to concentrate on his campaign for governor.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abercrombie served as chairman of the Armed Forces Subcommittee on Air and Land Forces and a senior member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Natural_Resources" title="United States House Committee on Natural Resources">Natural Resources Committee</a>. He co-authored landmark legislation creating public-private partnerships between the military and private developers to build, maintain and manage housing for military families. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_gubernatorial_campaign">2010 gubernatorial campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2010 gubernatorial campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2010_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Hawaii gubernatorial election">2010 Hawaii gubernatorial election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Election_Night_-_Abercrombie_HQ_(5152499895).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Election_Night_-_Abercrombie_HQ_%285152499895%29.jpg/220px-Election_Night_-_Abercrombie_HQ_%285152499895%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Election_Night_-_Abercrombie_HQ_%285152499895%29.jpg/330px-Election_Night_-_Abercrombie_HQ_%285152499895%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Election_Night_-_Abercrombie_HQ_%285152499895%29.jpg/440px-Election_Night_-_Abercrombie_HQ_%285152499895%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Abercrombie celebrating his 2010 victory</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abercrombie_and_Schatz_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Abercrombie_and_Schatz_2010.jpg/220px-Abercrombie_and_Schatz_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Abercrombie_and_Schatz_2010.jpg/330px-Abercrombie_and_Schatz_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Abercrombie_and_Schatz_2010.jpg/440px-Abercrombie_and_Schatz_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2999" data-file-height="1999" /></a><figcaption>Neil Abercrombie and his running mate <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</a> with their spouses on the day of the election</figcaption></figure> <p>On March 9, 2009, Abercrombie announced his candidacy for governor of Hawai'i.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 11, 2009, he announced that he would resign from Congress to concentrate on his gubernatorial bid. He was succeeded in Congress by Republican <a href="/wiki/Charles_Djou" title="Charles Djou">Charles Djou</a>, the first Republican elected to Congress from Hawai'i since Pat Saiki. </p><p>During his campaign, Abercrombie released his "A New Day in Hawai'i Plan,"<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> offering a roadmap based on Hawai'i's values and priorities. The plan was the result of conversations with thousands of people and many hours of research. Abercrombie met with business people, entrepreneurs, economists, principals, teachers, parents, academics, public employees, farmers, nonprofit leaders, health professionals, students, seniors, conservationists, cultural practitioners, construction workers, and citizens of all backgrounds. He also held dozens of issue forums and meetings on every island to hear from residents about their concerns and hopes for Hawai'i.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abercrombie defeated his challenger, former <a href="/wiki/Honolulu_Mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Honolulu Mayor">Honolulu Mayor</a> Mufi Hannemann, in the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2010">2010 Democratic gubernatorial primary election</a> on September 18, 2010, 59.3% to 37.7%.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-politico_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 2, 2010, Abercrombie defeated Republican nominee <a href="/wiki/Duke_Aiona" title="Duke Aiona">Duke Aiona</a>, 57.8% to 40.8%, to become Hawai'i's 7th governor.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his November 3 victory speech, he credited many people for his success, including the founder of the Department of Religion at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawai%CA%BBi_at_M%C4%81noa" title="University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa">University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa</a>, Dr. <a href="/wiki/Mitsuo_Aoki" title="Mitsuo Aoki">Mitsuo Aoki</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governor_of_Hawaii">Governor of Hawaii</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Governor of Hawaii"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Neil_Abercrombie_sworn_in_as_Governor_of_Hawaii.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Neil_Abercrombie_sworn_in_as_Governor_of_Hawaii.jpg/220px-Neil_Abercrombie_sworn_in_as_Governor_of_Hawaii.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Neil_Abercrombie_sworn_in_as_Governor_of_Hawaii.jpg/330px-Neil_Abercrombie_sworn_in_as_Governor_of_Hawaii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Neil_Abercrombie_sworn_in_as_Governor_of_Hawaii.jpg/440px-Neil_Abercrombie_sworn_in_as_Governor_of_Hawaii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3216" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>Neil Abercrombie sworn in as Governor of Hawaii by <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Hawaii" title="Supreme Court of Hawaii">Hawaii Supreme Court</a> Justice <a href="/wiki/James_E._Duffy_Jr." title="James E. Duffy Jr.">James Duffy</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Abercrombie was sworn in as governor of Hawai'i on December 6, 2010, the first gubernatorial victor of the 2010 election cycle to be sworn into office. </p><p>Abercrombie was 72 when he was sworn in as governor, and was the <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors_by_age" title="List of current United States governors by age">oldest current United States governor</a> for a little less than a month. On January 3, 2011, he lost that title to <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Brown" title="Jerry Brown">Jerry Brown</a> of California, who is two months older than Abercrombie. </p><p>When Abercrombie took office, he vowed to end the investigations into President Obama's birth certificate. A spokesperson for Abercrombie said he would ask the office of the Attorney General what it could do.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Hawaii" title="Attorney General of Hawaii">State Attorney General</a> <a href="/wiki/David_M._Louie" title="David M. Louie">David M. Louie</a> informed Abercrombie that state privacy laws prevent the release of "an individual's birth documentation without the person's consent" to persons who do not have "a tangible interest" in the document.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to polls, in October 2011, Abercrombie was the least popular governor in the country, with a 30% approval rating.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2011, Abercrombie signed into law a <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate_Bill_232" title="Hawaii Senate Bill 232">bill legalizing civil unions</a>. His predecessor, Linda Lingle, had <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_House_Bill_444" title="Hawaii House Bill 444">vetoed the legislation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, he called the Hawai'i Legislature into a special session to consider a <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Marriage_Equality_Act" title="Hawaii Marriage Equality Act">bill legalizing same-sex marriage</a>, which he signed into law on November 13. </p><p>Upon the death of longtime Senator <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Daniel Inouye</a>, Abercrombie had to appoint his replacement. The State Democratic Party gave him a list of three finalists and he chose Lieutenant Governor <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</a>, despite Inouye's stated wish that he select <a href="/wiki/Colleen_Hanabusa" title="Colleen Hanabusa">Colleen Hanabusa</a>. Schatz is now Hawai'i's senior <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a>. </p><p>Obama appointed Abercrombie to the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Governors" title="Council of Governors">Council of Governors</a>, and he served from 2012 to 2014. The council consists of 10 governors the president appoints to focus on national security, homeland defense, and synchronization and integration of state and federal military activities in the United States and matters of mutual interest pertaining to the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">National Guard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2013, Abercrombie was named to Obama's Task Force on Climate Preparedness and Resilience, a group of governors, mayors and other leaders who were to develop recommendations on how the federal government could better support local preparedness and resilience-building efforts.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hawai'i also signed on to the <a href="/wiki/Majuro_Declaration" title="Majuro Declaration">Majuro Declaration</a> as a U.S. Climate Leader in September of that year, making the state the first sub-national government to sign.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After an intense special session, Abercrombie signed into law a bill that legalized marriage for same-sex couples in Hawai'i. The new law took effect on December 2, 2013. Hawaii was the 15th state to legalize same-sex marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2014_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="2014 Hawaii gubernatorial election">August 9, 2014, Democratic gubernatorial primary</a>, Abercrombie was defeated by state senator <a href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">David Ige</a>, taking 31% of the vote to Ige's 67%, making him the first incumbent governor to lose a primary in Hawai'i's history. The margin of defeat was the largest of any incumbent governor in U.S. history<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (though not the smallest share of the vote). Abercrombie had the support of President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> and had outspent Ige $4.9 million to $447,000 during the primary campaign. His confrontational style of governing, his proposal to raise taxes in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a>, restructuring labor union pensions, and his selection of <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</a> over <a href="/wiki/Colleen_Hanabusa" title="Colleen Hanabusa">Colleen Hanabusa</a> to fill the Senate seat vacated by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Daniel Inouye</a>'s death, which was considered disrespectful of Inouye's wishes, were regarded as factors in Abercrombie's loss.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2014/08/10/ige-gov-abercrombie-hawaii-primary/13856153/">[1]</a> Nonetheless, Schatz, who was also endorsed by Obama, defeated Hanabusa in the <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Hawaii#Results" title="2014 United States Senate special election in Hawaii">2014 Democratic Senate primary</a> and went on to win the general election. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1981, Abercrombie married <a href="/wiki/Nancie_Caraway" title="Nancie Caraway">Nancie Caraway</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a political scientist and feminist writer at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_at_Manoa" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii at Manoa">University of Hawai'i at Mānoa's</a> Globalization Research Center. Abercrombie lives in the <a href="/wiki/Manoa_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Manoa Valley">Mānoa Valley</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abercrombie is a <a href="/wiki/Powerlifter" class="mw-redirect" title="Powerlifter">powerlifter</a> and has a stated goal of lifting 200 pounds more than his age on each birthday.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On his 72nd birthday, he bench-pressed 272 pounds.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, Abercrombie was named "Scot of the Year" by the Caledonian Society of Hawai'i.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scots+of+the+Year&rft.date=2009-03-12&rft.au=Caledonian+Society+of+Hawaii&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsinhawaii.org%2Fcaledonian_special.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeil+Abercrombie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=a000014">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H6HI01121">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_Abercrombie&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Neil_Abercrombie" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Neil Abercrombie">Neil Abercrombie</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131105182503/http://neilabercrombie.com/">Neil Abercrombie for Governor</a></li> <li>The African Activist Archive Project website includes <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://africanactivist.msu.edu/document_metadata.php?objectid=32-130-22F9">Statement from Councilmember Neil Abercrombie for the Rally in Support of South African Freedom, March 21, 1990</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?16753">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Cecil Heftel</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from California">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">Hawaii's 1st congressional district</a> </b><br />1986–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Pat Saiki</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Saiki" title="Pat Saiki">Pat Saiki</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from California">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">Hawaii's 1st congressional district</a> </b><br />1991–2010 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Djou" title="Charles Djou">Charles Djou</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Randy_Iwase" title="Randy Iwase">Randy Iwase</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">Governor of Hawaii</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2010_Hawaii_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Hawaii gubernatorial election">2010</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">David Ige</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Lingle" title="Linda Lingle">Linda Lingle</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">Governor of Hawaii</a> </b><br />2010–2014 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">David Ige</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Lingle" title="Linda Lingle">Linda Lingle</a></div><i><b>as Former Governor </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">David Ige</a></div><i><b>as Former Governor </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States representatives from Hawaii"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Hawaii" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Hawaii</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territorial delegate (1899–1959)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_William_Wilcox" title="Robert William Wilcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_K%C5%ABhi%C5%8D_Kalaniana%CA%BBole" title="Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole">Kalanianaʻole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Alexander_Baldwin" title="Henry Alexander Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paul_Jarrett" title="William Paul Jarrett">Jarrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_S._K._Houston" title="Victor S. K. Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Loy_McCandless" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Loy McCandless">McCandless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Wilder_King" title="Samuel Wilder King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rider_Farrington" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Rider Farrington">J. Farrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Pruett_Farrington" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Elizabeth Pruett Farrington">E. Farrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Burns" title="John A. Burns">Burns</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">One at-large seat (1959–1963)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Inouye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Two at-large seats (1963–1971)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seat A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spark_Matsunaga" title="Spark Matsunaga">Matsunaga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seat B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gill_(politician)" title="Thomas Gill (politician)">Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">Mink</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts (1971–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Hawaii01 !"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">1st district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spark_Matsunaga" title="Spark Matsunaga">Matsunaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Heftel" title="Cecil Heftel">Heftel</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abercrombie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Saiki" title="Pat Saiki">Saiki</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abercrombie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Djou" title="Charles Djou">Djou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleen_Hanabusa" title="Colleen Hanabusa">Hanabusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Takai" title="Mark Takai">Takai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleen_Hanabusa" title="Colleen Hanabusa">Hanabusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Case" title="Ed Case">Case</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Hawaii02 !"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">Mink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">Akaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">Mink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Case" title="Ed Case">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Hirono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Gabbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Kahele" title="Kai Kahele">Kahele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Tokuda" title="Jill Tokuda">Tokuda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Hawaii" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_Hawaii" title="Template:Governors of Hawaii"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_Hawaii" title="Template talk:Governors of Hawaii"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_Hawaii" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of Hawaii"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Hawaii" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Hawaii" title="List of governors of Hawaii">Governors of Hawaii</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Governor_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Governor of Hawaii">Territorial Governor of Hawaiʻi <span class="nobold">(1898–1941)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_B._Dole" title="Sanford B. Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Carter" title="George R. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._Frear" title="Walter F. Frear">Frear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_E._Pinkham" title="Lucius E. Pinkham">Pinkham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._McCarthy" title="Charles J. McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Rider_Farrington" title="Wallace Rider Farrington">Farrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_M._Judd" title="Lawrence M. Judd">Judd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Poindexter" title="Joseph Poindexter">Poindexter</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii_pre-1959.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii_pre-1959.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii_pre-1959.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii_pre-1959.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii_pre-1959.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii_pre-1959.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii_pre-1959.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="539" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="539" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Hawaii#Martial_law" title="Territory of Hawaii">Military Governor of Hawaii <span class="nobold">(1941–1944)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Short" title="Walter Short">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos_Carleton_Emmons" title="Delos Carleton Emmons">Emmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Richardson_Jr." title="Robert C. Richardson Jr.">Richardson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Governor_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Governor of Hawaii">Territorial Governor of Hawaiʻi <span class="nobold">(1944–1959)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ingram_Stainback" title="Ingram Stainback">Stainback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_E._Long" title="Oren E. Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Wilder_King" title="Samuel Wilder King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Quinn" title="William F. Quinn">Quinn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Governor of Hawaiʻi <span class="nobold">(1959–present)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Quinn" title="William F. Quinn">Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Burns" title="John A. Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ariyoshi" title="George Ariyoshi">Ariyoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Waihe%CA%BBe_III" title="John D. Waiheʻe III">Waiheʻe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Cayetano" title="Ben Cayetano">Cayetano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Lingle" title="Linda Lingle">Lingle</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abercrombie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">Ige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Green_(politician)" title="Josh Green (politician)">Green</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hawaii&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_99th_&amp;_102nd–111th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hawaii&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_99th_&amp;_102nd–111th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>'s delegation(s) to the 99th & 102nd–111th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/99th_United_States_Congress" title="99th United States Congress">99th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Spark_Matsunaga" title="Spark Matsunaga">S. Matsunaga</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Heftel" title="Cecil Heftel"><i>C. Heftel</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>N. Abercrombie</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/102nd_United_States_Congress" title="102nd United States Congress">102nd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">P. Mink</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/103rd_United_States_Congress" title="103rd United States Congress">103rd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">P. Mink</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/104th_United_States_Congress" title="104th United States Congress">104th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">P. Mink</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/105th_United_States_Congress" title="105th United States Congress">105th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">P. Mink</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/106th_United_States_Congress" title="106th United States Congress">106th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">P. Mink</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/107th_United_States_Congress" title="107th United States Congress">107th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink"><i>P. Mink</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Case" title="Ed Case"><i>E. Case</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/108th_United_States_Congress" title="108th United States Congress">108th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Case" title="Ed Case">E. Case</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/109th_United_States_Congress" title="109th United States Congress">109th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Case" title="Ed Case">E. Case</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">N. Abercrombie</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">M. Hirono</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/111th_United_States_Congress" title="111th United States Congress">111th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">D. Inouye</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">D. Akaka</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States representatives from Hawaii">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>N. Abercrombie</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">M. Hirono</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Djou" title="Charles Djou"><i>C. Djou</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q469689#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q469689#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q469689#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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