{"title":"Strategies for Patient Families Integration in Caregiving: A Consensus Opinion","authors":"Ibrahim A. Alkali","volume":133,"journal":"International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences","pagesStart":205,"pagesEnd":210,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10008799","abstract":"<p>There is no reservation on the outstanding contribution of patient families in restoration of hospitalised patients, hence their consideration as essential component of hospital ward regimen. The psychological and emotional support a patient requires has been found to be solely provided by the patient&rsquo;s family. However, consideration of their presence as one of the major functional requirements of an inpatient setting design have always been a source of disquiet, especially in developing countries where policies, norms and protocols of healthcare administration have no consideration for the patients&rsquo; family. This have been a major challenge to the hospital ward facilities, a concern for the hospital administration and patient management. The study therefore is aimed at obtaining a consensus opinion on the best approach for family integration in the design of an inpatient setting. &nbsp;A one day visioning charrette involving Architects, Nurses, Medical Doctors, Healthcare assistants and representatives from the Patient families was conducted with the aim of arriving at a consensus opinion on practical design approach for sustainable family integration. Patient&rsquo;s family are found to be decisive character of hospital ward regimen that cannot be undermined. However, several challenges that impede family integration were identified and subsequently a recommendation for an ideal approach. This will serve as a guide to both architects and hospital management in implementing much desired Patient and Family Centred Care.<\/p>\r\n","references":"[1]\tA. Alesina and P. Giuliano, \u2018The power of the family\u2019, J Econ Growth, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 93\u2013125, May 2010.\r\n[2]\tP. Angood et al., \u2018Patient and family involvement in contemporary health care\u2019, J Patient Saf, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 38\u201342, Mar. 2010.\r\n[3]\tR. F. Bales and T. Parsons, Family: Socialization and Interaction Process. Routledge, 2014.\r\n[4]\tI. A. Alkali, M. H. Ahmad, and I. Said, \u2018The Challenges of Nigerian Hospitals in Providing for Family Participation\u2019, Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 584\u2013586, pp. 142\u2013151, 2014.\r\n[5]\tP. \u00c5stedt-Kurki, M. Paunonen, and K. Lehti, \u2018Family members\u2019 experiences of their role in a hospital: A pilot study\u2019, Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 908\u2013914, 1997.\r\n[6]\tE. Bott and E. B. Spillius, Family and Social Network: Roles, Norms and External Relationships in Ordinary Urban Families. Routledge, 2014.\r\n[7]\tH. Brown, \u2018Hospital Domestics: Care Work in Kenyan Hospital\u2019, Space and Culture, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 18\u201330, 2012.\r\n[8]\tC. Nord, \u2018The Visible Patient: Hybridity and inpatient ward design in Namibian Context\u2019, Stolkholm, 2003.\r\n[9]\tD. Allen, \u2018Negotiating the role of expert carers on an adult hospital ward\u2019, Sociology of Health & Illness, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 149\u2013171, 2000.\r\n[10]\tT. J. Litman, \u2018The family as a Basic Unit in Health and Medical Care: A social-behavioral overview\u2019, Social Science & Medicine (1967), vol. 8, no. 9\u201310, pp. 495\u2013519, Sep. 1974.\r\n[11]\tJ. S. Rolland, \u2018Advancing family Involvement in Collaborative Health Care: Next steps\u2019, Families, Systems, & Health, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 104\u2013107, 2015.\r\n[12]\tP. \u00c5stedt-Kurki, K. Lehti, M. Paunonen, and E. Paavilainen, \u2018Family Member as a Hospital Patient: Sentiments and functioning of the family\u2019, International Journal of Nursing Practice, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 155\u2013163., Dec. 2001.\r\n[13]\tE. Mattila, M. Kaunonen, P. Aalto, and P. \u00c5stedt-Kurki, \u2018The Method of Nursing Support in Hospital and Patients\u2019 and Family Members\u2019 Experiences of the Effectiveness of the Support\u2019, Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2013.\r\n[14]\tL. L. Northouse, M. C. Katapodi, A. M. Schafenacker, and D. Weiss, \u2018\t\tThe Impact of Caregiving on the Psychological Well-Being of Family Caregivers and Cancer Patients\u2019, Seminars in Oncology Nursing, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 236\u2013245, Nov. 2012.\r\n[15]\tF. Botha and F. Booysen, \u2018Family Functioning and Life Satisfaction and Happiness in South African Households\u2019, Soc Indic Res, vol. 119, no. 1, pp. 163\u2013182, Oct. 2013.\r\n[16]\tZ. Kuo, A. J. Houtrow, P. Arango, K. A. Kuhlthau, J. M. Simons, and N. M. John, \u2018Family Centered Care: Current Applications and Future Directions in Paediatric Healthcare\u2019, Maternal Child Health, vol. 16, pp. 297\u2013305, 2012.\r\n[17]\tL. A. Siminoff, \u2018Incorporating Patient and Family Preferences into Evidence-based Medicine\u2019, BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, vol. 13, no. Suppl 3, p. S6, Dec. 2013.\r\n[18]\tS. C. Reinhard, B. Given, N. H. Petlick, and A. Bemis, \u2018Supporting Family Caregivers in Providing Care\u2019, in Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses, R. G. Hughes, Ed. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US), 2008.\r\n[19]\tM. Hoffman et al., \u2018Utilization of Family Members to Provide Hospital Care in Malawi: The role of hospital guardians\u2019, Malawi Medical Journal, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 74\u201378, 2012.\r\n[20]\tC. R. Alalouch, \u2018Hospital Ward Design: Implications for space and privacy\u2019, Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2009.\r\n[21]\tIUSS, \u2018IUSS Health Facility Guide_ Adult in patient accommodation\u2019. Department of Health,Republic of south Africa, 2013.\r\n[22]\tDepartment of Health, \u2018Health Building Note 04-01 \u2013 Adult in-patient Facilities\u2019. NHS, 2013.\r\n[23]\tR. Glanville and A. Howard, Hospitals. Metric Handbook-Planning and Design Data, 2nd ed. Great Britain: Architectural Press, 1999.\r\n[24]\tA. Cox and P. Groves, Hospital and Healthcare Facilities. A Design and Development Guide. Published by London: Butterworths. Oxford:Butterwoth-Heinaman, 1990.\r\n[25]\tL. Suba, \u2018When Is a Charrette Session Useful?\u2019, Brighthub Project Management, 2011. (Online). Available: http:\/\/www.brighthubpm.com\/project-planning\/123216-using-charrettes-in-the-project-planning-phases\/. (Accessed: 01-Dec-2014).\r\n[26]\tP. S. W. Fong, \u2018Knowledge Creation in Multidisciplinary Project Teams: An empirical study of the processes and their dynamic interrelationships\u2019, International Journal of Project Management, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 479\u2013486, Oct. 2003.\r\n[27]\tM. W. Knox, \u2018Impact Of Charrettes And Their Characteristics on Achieved Leed Certification\u2019, MSc, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 2013.\r\n[28]\tF. Rabiee, \u2018Focus-Group Interview And Data Analysis\u2019, Proc Nutr Soc, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 655\u2013660, Nov. 2004.\r\n[29]\tJ. T. Bertrand, J. E. Brown, and V. M. Ward, \u2018Techniques for Analyzing Focus Group Data\u2019, Eval Rev, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 198\u2013209, Apr. 1992.\r\n[30]\tG. W. Ryan and R. H. Bernard, \u2018Techniques to Identify Themes\u2019, Field Methods, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 85\u2013109, 2003.\r\n[31]\tM. B. Miles, A. M. Huberman, and J. Salda\u00f1a, Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook, Third Edition edition. Thousand Oaks, Califorinia: SAGE Publications, Inc, 2013.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 133, 2018"}