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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indonesian engineer and bureaucrat (1940–2024)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Rachmadi Bambang Sumadhijo</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Minister of Public Works</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />14 March 1998 – 20 October 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a><br /><a href="/wiki/B._J._Habibie" title="B. J. Habibie">B. J. Habibie</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radinal_Mochtar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radinal Mochtar (page does not exist)">Radinal Mochtar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rozik_Boedioro_Soetjipto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rozik Boedioro Soetjipto (page does not exist)">Rozik Boedioro Soetjipto</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1940-10-11</span>)</span>11 October 1940<br /><a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">4 December 2024<span style="display:none">(2024-12-04)</span> (aged 84)<br /><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, Indonesia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bandung_Institute_of_Technology" title="Bandung Institute of Technology">Bandung Institute of Technology</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rachmadi Bambang Sumadhijo</b> (11 October 1940 – 4 December 2024) was an Indonesian engineer and bureaucrat who served as the minister of public works for 17 months in 1998 and 1999. </p><p>Born in Surakarta, Sumadhijo began his career as a public works department employee shortly after graduating from college. His career rose quickly from a project chief to director general of city planning and construction. He oversaw grants and water management in his capacity as director general and struck a controversial deal with President <a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a>'s daughter. Suharto then appointed him as public works minister in his last cabinet. He resigned from the position two months later and was reappointed by Suharto's successor, <a href="/wiki/B._J._Habibie" title="B. J. Habibie">B. J. Habibie</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachmadi_Bambang_Sumadhijo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sumadhijo was born in <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a> on 11 October 1940. His father worked as an employee at the Madiun's Information Service. Upon completing high school, he began studying civil engineering at the <a href="/wiki/Bandung_Institute_of_Technology" title="Bandung Institute of Technology">Bandung Institute of Technology</a> in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-Kompas-1998_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kompas-1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He graduated from the institute in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-Malley-1998_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malley-1998-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout his career in the Department of Public Works, Sumadhijo attended various courses, such as a course of project management in Washington in 1977 and a course at the National Resilience Institute in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Government_of_Indonesia-1999_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Government_of_Indonesia-1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachmadi_Bambang_Sumadhijo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sumadhijo began his career as a road construction staff at the Department of Public Works on 1 May 1964. His career in the department gradually rose. He was appointed as the chief of transit in the Kalimantan Road Project in 1967 and the chief of bridge construction works in Riau in 1967. By 1976, he was responsible for all engineering projects in the Directorate General of Road Construction.<sup id="cite_ref-PII-1999_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PII-1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sumadhijo was posted in Jakarta in 1977 with his appointment as the chief of planning in the Directorate General of Road Construction. His office was elevated a year later, making him responsible directly to the director general of road construction. He was later appointed to various directorships in the Directorate General of Road Construction, namely as the director of road construction (1983–1984), director of central planning (1984–1985), and director of program supervision (1985–1989). He was then promoted as expert staff for human resources to public works minister Radinal Mochtar.<sup id="cite_ref-PII-1999_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PII-1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Director_general_for_city_planning_and_construction">Director general for city planning and construction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachmadi_Bambang_Sumadhijo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Director general for city planning and construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three years later, in 1991 Radinal appointed Sumadhijo as the director general for city planning and construction,<sup id="cite_ref-PII-1999_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PII-1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> responsible for city planning and development, housing, and drinking water supply.<sup id="cite_ref-Malley-1998_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malley-1998-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his position, Sumadhijo handled the grants from other countries for city construction and the gradual handover of clean water management to regional government<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in East Java<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in Buleleng.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also signed a controversial contract with the Citra Group, a group of companies owned by President Suharto's daughter <a href="/wiki/Siti_Hardiyanti_Rukmana" title="Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana">Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Malley-1998_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malley-1998-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which resulted in the investment of 290 million rupiahs to a water distribution project in West Jakarta<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 300 million for a similar project in the eastern part of Jakarta.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The directorate general also attempted to reduce the leak of mineral water distribution, with Sumadhijo urging local water companies under the regional governments not to burden water company users with rising costs.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aside from water management, in 1997 the directorate general under Sumadhijo also supervised a pilot project to build simple rental apartments (<i>rusun</i>) for low-income communities. The project involves constructing a 10-story building in Pasar Jumat, South Jakarta.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Public_Works">Minister of Public Works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachmadi_Bambang_Sumadhijo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Minister of Public Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 8 March 1998, Sumadhijo received a call from President <a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a> regarding his appointment as Minister of Public Works.<sup id="cite_ref-Kompas-1998_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kompas-1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His name was publicly announced six days later as part of the <a href="/wiki/Seventh_Development_Cabinet" title="Seventh Development Cabinet">Seventh Development Cabinet</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in what would become Suharto's last cabinet. Sumadhijo announced that he would focus on addressing the then-ongoing economic crisis by creating job opportunities in the construction sector and prioritizing the maintenance and rehabilitation of essential infrastructure.<sup id="cite_ref-Kompas-1998_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kompas-1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an interview with <i>Solo Pos</i>, Sumadhijo stated that the department would support the government's goal of increasing agricultural produce and the distribution of clothes through irrigation and roads, as well as increasing the amount of manpower involved in projects while maintaining quality.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1998, Sumadhijo was instructed by President Suharto to construct a double-track railway in <a href="/wiki/North_Coast_Road_(Java)" title="North Coast Road (Java)">Java's North Coast Road</a> from Jakarta to Surabaya-Banyuwangi. The project was delayed due to the unfavorable economic situation at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 May 1998, Sumadhijo, along with thirteen other ministers collectively refused to join the new Reform Cabinet, effectively resigning. This mass rejection was initiated by Coordinating Minister for Economy, Finance, and Industry, Ginandjar Kartasasmita, and took place at the Bappenas building, where they signed a declaration known as the "Bappenas Declaration." The Suharto regime fell the next day and vice president B. J. Habibie assumed the presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sumadhijo was later re-appointed for the same position in Habibie's <a href="/wiki/Development_Reform_Cabinet" title="Development Reform Cabinet">Development Reform Cabinet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachmadi_Bambang_Sumadhijo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sumadhijo was married to Rukminiadi, a physician. They had three children.<sup id="cite_ref-Government_of_Indonesia-1999_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Government_of_Indonesia-1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sumadhijo died at the Pondok Indah Hospital in Jakarta, on 4 December 2024, at the age of 84. His funeral was held at Tanah Kusir Public Cemetery in Jakarta, led by the current minister of public works, <a href="/wiki/Dody_Hanggodo" title="Dody Hanggodo">Dody Hanggodo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachmadi_Bambang_Sumadhijo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Satyalancana_Wira_Karya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Satyalancana_Wira_Karya.gif/70px-Satyalancana_Wira_Karya.gif" decoding="async" width="70" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Satyalancana_Wira_Karya.gif/105px-Satyalancana_Wira_Karya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Satyalancana_Wira_Karya.gif/140px-Satyalancana_Wira_Karya.gif 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="55" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Indonesia#Satyalancana_Wirakarya_(Role_Model_Medal)" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia">Role Model Medal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satyalancana_Wirakarya" class="extiw" title="id:Satyalancana Wirakarya">Satyalancana Wirakarya</a></i>) (17 August 1994)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bintang_Jasa_Utama_rib.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bintang_Jasa_Utama_rib.svg/70px-Bintang_Jasa_Utama_rib.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bintang_Jasa_Utama_rib.svg/105px-Bintang_Jasa_Utama_rib.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Bintang_Jasa_Utama_rib.svg/140px-Bintang_Jasa_Utama_rib.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Indonesia#Bintang_Jasa_(Star_of_Service)" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia">Star of Service, 1st Class</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bintang_Jasa" class="extiw" title="id:Bintang Jasa">Bintang Jasa Utama</a></i>) (17 August 1995)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana_rib.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana_rib.svg/70px-Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana_rib.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana_rib.svg/105px-Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana_rib.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana_rib.svg/140px-Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana_rib.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Indonesia#Bintang_Mahaputera_(Star_of_Mahaputera)" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia">Star of Mahaputera, 2nd Class</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bintang_Mahaputera_Adipradana" class="extiw" title="id:Bintang Mahaputera Adipradana">Bintang Mahaputera Adipradana</a></i>) (13 August 1999)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachmadi_Bambang_Sumadhijo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Kompas-1998-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kompas-1998_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kompas-1998_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kompas-1998_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140205203521/http://www.docstoc.com/docs/115518494/1998-03-15-YANG-BERTERIMA-KASIH-DAN-BERSIMPUH">"Yang Berterimakasih dan Bersimpuh"</a>. <i>Kompas</i>. 15 March 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.docstoc.com/docs/115518494/1998-03-15-YANG-BERTERIMA-KASIH-DAN-BERSIMPUH">the original</a> on 5 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kompas&rft.atitle=Yang+Berterimakasih+dan+Bersimpuh&rft.date=1998-03-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.docstoc.com%2Fdocs%2F115518494%2F1998-03-15-YANG-BERTERIMA-KASIH-DAN-BERSIMPUH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachmadi+Bambang+Sumadhijo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Malley-1998-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Malley-1998_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malley-1998_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malley-1998_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalley1998" class="citation journal cs1">Malley, Michael (April 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/54137/INDO_65_0_1106953915_155_178.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">"The 7th Development Cabinet: Loyal to a Fault?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Indonesia</i>. <b>65</b> (65): 168. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3351408">10.2307/3351408</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1813%2F54137">1813/54137</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3351408">3351408</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121222528/https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/54137/INDO_65_0_1106953915_155_178.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 21 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indonesia&rft.atitle=The+7th+Development+Cabinet%3A+Loyal+to+a+Fault%3F&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=65&rft.pages=168&rft.date=1998-04&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1813%2F54137&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3351408%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3351408&rft.aulast=Malley&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fecommons.cornell.edu%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F1813%2F54137%2FINDO_65_0_1106953915_155_178.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachmadi+Bambang+Sumadhijo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Government_of_Indonesia-1999-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Government_of_Indonesia-1999_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Government_of_Indonesia-1999_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vTFIAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA235"><i>Kabinet Reformasi Pembangunan Republik Indonesia 1998–1999</i></a>. Government of Indonesia. 1999. p. 235.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kabinet+Reformasi+Pembangunan+Republik+Indonesia+1998%E2%80%931999&rft.pages=235&rft.pub=Government+of+Indonesia&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvTFIAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachmadi+Bambang+Sumadhijo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PII-1999-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PII-1999_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PII-1999_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PII-1999_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S3QjAAAAMAAJ"><i>Menuju Indonesia baru</i></a> (in Indonesian). PII. 1999. p. 202.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Menuju+Indonesia+baru&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=PII&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS3QjAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachmadi+Bambang+Sumadhijo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiregar2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Siregar, P. Raja (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fkPtAAAAMAAJ"><i>Politik air: penguasaan asing melalui utang</i></a> (in Indonesian). WALHI dan KAU. p. 16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Politik+air%3A+penguasaan+asing+melalui+utang&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=WALHI+dan+KAU&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Siregar&rft.aufirst=P.+Raja&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfkPtAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachmadi+Bambang+Sumadhijo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mpn.kominfo.go.id/arsip/detail/118630/sheet?q=Sumadhijo%20bs">"4 BPAM Di Jatim Alih Status Jadi PDAM"</a>. <i>Berita Yudha</i>. 8 May 1992.</cite><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tirto.id&rft.atitle=20+Mei+1998%3A+14+Menteri+Tolak+Gabung+Kabinet+Reformasi&rft.date=2018-05-20&rft.aulast=Ahsan&rft.aufirst=Ivan+Aulia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftirto.id%2F20-mei-1998-14-menteri-tolak-gabung-kabinet-reformasi-cKMR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARachmadi+Bambang+Sumadhijo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IxcvAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA56">"Separoh Kabinet Reformasi Pembangunan Wajah Baru"</a>. <i>Parlementaria</i>. No. 23. 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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