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mobile observation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fixed and mobile observation"> <meta name="keywords" content="fixed and mobile observation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fixed and mobile observation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4703</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fixed and mobile observation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4703</span> Observation and Analysis of Urban Micro-Climate and Urban Morphology on Block Scale in Zhengzhou City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linlin%20Guo">Linlin Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baofeng%20Li"> Baofeng Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zhengzhou is a typical plain city with a high population density and a permanent population of 10 million, located in central China. The scale of this city is constantly expanding, and the urban form has changed dramatically by the accelerating process of urbanization, which makes a great effect on the urban microclimate. In order to study the influence of block morphology on urban micro-climate, air temperature, humidity, wind velocity and so on in three typical types of blocks in the center of Zhengzhou were collected, which was chosen to perform the fixed and mobile observation. After data handling and analysis, a series of graphs and diagrams were obtained to reflect the differences in the influence of different types of block morphology on the urban microclimate. These can provide targeted strategies for urban design to improve and regulate urban micro-climate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20micro-climate" title="urban micro-climate">urban micro-climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block%20morphology" title=" block morphology"> block morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20and%20mobile%20observation" title=" fixed and mobile observation"> fixed and mobile observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92713/observation-and-analysis-of-urban-micro-climate-and-urban-morphology-on-block-scale-in-zhengzhou-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4702</span> Performance Analysis and Energy Consumption of Routing Protocol in Manet Using Grid Topology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivek%20Kumar%20Singh">Vivek Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tripti%20Singh"> Tripti Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An ad hoc wireless network consists of mobile networks which creates an underlying architecture for communication without the help of traditional fixed-position routers. Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) is a routing protocol used for Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). Nevertheless, the architecture must maintain communication routes although the hosts are mobile and they have limited transmission range. There are different protocols for handling the routing in the mobile environment. Routing protocols used in fixed infrastructure networks cannot be efficiently used for mobile ad-hoc networks, so that MANET requires different protocols. This paper presents the performance analysis of the routing protocols used various parameter-patterns with Two-ray model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AODV" title="AODV">AODV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packet%20transmission%20rate" title=" packet transmission rate"> packet transmission rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pause%20time" title=" pause time"> pause time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZRP" title=" ZRP"> ZRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QualNet%206.1" title=" QualNet 6.1"> QualNet 6.1</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19914/performance-analysis-and-energy-consumption-of-routing-protocol-in-manet-using-grid-topology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">828</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4701</span> Virtual Player for Learning by Observation to Assist Karate Training</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazumoto%20Tanaka">Kazumoto Tanaka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well known that sport skill learning is facilitated by video observation of players’ actions in sports. The optimal viewpoint for the observation of actions depends on sport scenes. On the other hand, it is impossible to change viewpoint for the observation in general, because most videos are filmed from fixed points. The study has tackled the problem and focused on karate match as a first step. The study developed a method for observing karate player’s actions from any point of view by using 3D-CG model (i.e. virtual player) obtained from video images, and verified the effectiveness of the method on karate match. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20graphics" title="computer graphics">computer graphics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=karate%20training" title=" karate training"> karate training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20by%20observation" title=" learning by observation"> learning by observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20capture" title=" motion capture"> motion capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20player" title=" virtual player"> virtual player</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61463/virtual-player-for-learning-by-observation-to-assist-karate-training" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4700</span> The Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Bilateral Trade in Goods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Tay">Christina Tay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on bilateral trade in goods. Empirical analysis is performed on the United States and 34 partnering countries from 2000 to 2013. Our econometric model fits the data well, explaining 52% of the variation in trade flows for goods trade, 53.2% of the variation in trade flows for goods export and 48% of the variation in trade flows for goods import. For every 10% increase in fixed broadband Internet subscribers per 100 people increases, goods trade by 7.9% and for every 5% increase in fixed broadband Internet subscribers per 100 people, goods export increases by 11%. For every 1% increase in fixed telephone line penetration per 100 people, goods trade increases by 26.3%, goods export increases by 24.4% and goods import increases by 24.8%. For every 1% increase in mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions, goods trade decreases by 29.6% and goods export decreases by 27.1%, whilst for every 0.01% increase in mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions, goods import decreases by 34.3%. For every 1% increase in the percentage of population who used the Internet from any location in the last 12 months Internet, goods trade increases by 32.5%, goods export increases by 38.9%, goods import increases by 33%. All our trade determinants as well as our ICT variables have significances on goods exports for the US. We can also draw from our study that the US relies more rather heavily on ICT for its goods export compared to goods import. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilateral%20trade" title="bilateral trade">bilateral trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20broadband" title=" fixed broadband"> fixed broadband</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20telephone" title=" fixed telephone"> fixed telephone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goods%20trade" title=" goods trade"> goods trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communicative%20technologies" title=" information and communicative technologies"> information and communicative technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Internet" title=" Internet"> Internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile-cellular%20phone" title=" mobile-cellular phone"> mobile-cellular phone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65672/the-impact-of-information-and-communication-technology-on-bilateral-trade-in-goods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65672.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4699</span> Comparison of Security Challenges and Issues of Mobile Computing and Internet of Things</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aabiah%20Nayeem">Aabiah Nayeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariha%20Shafiq"> Fariha Shafiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustabshra%20Aftab"> Mustabshra Aftab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Saman%20Pirzada"> Rabia Saman Pirzada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20Ghazala"> Samia Ghazala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this modern era of technology, the concept of Internet of Things is very popular in every domain. It is a widely distributed system of things in which the data collected from sensory devices is transmitted, analyzed locally/collectively then broadcasted to network where action can be taken remotely via mobile/web apps. Today’s mobile computing is also gaining importance as the services are provided during mobility. Through mobile computing, data are transmitted via computer without physically connected to a fixed point. The challenge is to provide services with high speed and security. Also, the data gathered from the mobiles must be processed in a secured way. Mobile computing is strongly influenced by internet of things. In this paper, we have discussed security issues and challenges of internet of things and mobile computing and we have compared both of them on the basis of similarities and dissimilarities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embedded%20computing" title="embedded computing">embedded computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20computing" title=" mobile computing"> mobile computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20technologies" title=" wireless technologies"> wireless technologies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82889/comparison-of-security-challenges-and-issues-of-mobile-computing-and-internet-of-things" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4698</span> Designing a Pregnancy Interactive Information Design for a Mobile Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Adi%20Purnomo%20Sidhi">Thomas Adi Purnomo Sidhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The importance of designing a pregnancy interactive information design for a mobile application is felt in order to assist pregnant women to get an easy access of highly credible pregnancy-related information on which often fail to be fulfilled, while it has been a very critical one. Thus, an observation of needs assessment for designing a pregnancy interactive information system design for a mobile application at iOS becomes current objective study. A comparative study of the top five pregnancy interactive information design available at the Apple Store conducted in order to fulfill it. Whilst, an observation of user experiences included for deeper analyzes. Moreover, a literature study conducted to support the arguments that being provided in the current study. The findings, surprisingly, also reveal the advantages of local wisdom in pregnancy that never been attached to those top five applications before. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20system%20design" title="information system design">information system design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20design" title=" interactive design"> interactive design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20wisdom" title=" local wisdom"> local wisdom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88293/designing-a-pregnancy-interactive-information-design-for-a-mobile-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4697</span> Trajectory Tracking of a 2-Link Mobile Manipulator Using Sliding Mode Control Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abolfazl%20Mohammadijoo">Abolfazl Mohammadijoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we are investigating the sliding mode control approach for trajectory tracking of a two-link-manipulator with a wheeled mobile robot in its base. The main challenge of this work is the dynamic interaction between mobile base and manipulator, which makes trajectory tracking more difficult than n-link manipulators with a fixed base. Another challenging part of this work is to avoid from chattering phenomenon of sliding mode control that makes lots of damages for actuators in real industrial cases. The results show the effectiveness of the sliding mode control approach for the desired trajectory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20manipulator" title="mobile manipulator">mobile manipulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20control" title=" sliding mode control"> sliding mode control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20interaction" title=" dynamic interaction"> dynamic interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20robotics" title=" mobile robotics"> mobile robotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128498/trajectory-tracking-of-a-2-link-mobile-manipulator-using-sliding-mode-control-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4696</span> A Study of the Assistant Application for Tourists Taking Metros</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anqi%20Wang">Anqi Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linye%20Zhang"> Linye Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the proliferation and development of mobile devices, various mobile apps have appeared to satisfy people’s needs. Metro, with the feature of convenient, punctuality and economic, is one of the most popular modes of transportation in cities. Yet, there are still some inconveniences brought by various factors, impacting tourists’ riding experience. The aim of this study is to help tourists to shorten the time of purchasing tickets, to provide them clear metro information and direct navigation, detailed schedule as well as a way to collect metro cards as souvenir. The study collects data through three phases, including observation, survey and test. Data collected from 106 tourists totally in Wuhan metro stations are discussed in the study. The result reflects tourists’ demand when they take the metro. It also indicates the feasibility of using mobile technology to improve passenger’s experience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20app" title="mobile app">mobile app</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metro" title=" metro"> metro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transportation" title=" public transportation"> public transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ticket" title=" ticket"> ticket</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20payment" title=" mobile payment"> mobile payment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoors%20positioning" title=" indoors positioning"> indoors positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourists" title=" tourists"> tourists</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98923/a-study-of-the-assistant-application-for-tourists-taking-metros" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4695</span> Study the Relationship amongst Digital Finance, Renewable Energy, and Economic Development of Least Developed Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Sohail">Fatima Sohail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizan%20Iftikhar"> Faizan Iftikhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies the relationship between digital finance, renewable energy, and the economic development of Pakistan and least developed countries from 2000 to 2022. The paper used panel analysis and generalized method of moments Arellano-Bond approaches. The findings show that under the growth model, renewable energy (RE) has a strong and favorable link with fixed broadband and mobile subscribers. However, FB and MD have a strong but negative association with the uptake of renewable energy (RE) in the average and simple model. This paper provides valuable insights for policymakers, investors of the digital economy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20finance" title="digital finance">digital finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20subscription" title=" mobile subscription"> mobile subscription</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20broadband" title=" fixed broadband"> fixed broadband</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187345/study-the-relationship-amongst-digital-finance-renewable-energy-and-economic-development-of-least-developed-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4694</span> Progressive Participatory Observation Applied to Priority Neighbourhoods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serge%20Rohmer">Serge Rohmer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a progressive participatory observation that can be used as a sociological investigation within communities. The usefulness of participant observation in sociological projects is first asserted, particularly in an urban context. Competencies, know-how and interpersonal skills are then explained before to detail the progressive approach, consisting of four levels of observation. The progressive participatory observation is applied to an experimental project to set up a permaculture urban micro-farm with residents of a priority neighbourhood. Feedback on the experiment has identified several key recommendations for implementing the approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participatory%20observation" title="participatory observation">participatory observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observation%20scale" title=" observation scale"> observation scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=priority%20neighbourhood" title=" priority neighbourhood"> priority neighbourhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20sociology" title=" urban sociology"> urban sociology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188369/progressive-participatory-observation-applied-to-priority-neighbourhoods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4693</span> Comparative Advantage of Mobile Agent Application in Procuring Software Products on the Internet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20K.%20Adu">Michael K. Adu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boniface%20K.%20Alese"> Boniface K. Alese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olumide%20S.%20Ogunnusi"> Olumide S. Ogunnusi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper brings to fore the inherent advantages in application of mobile agents to procure software products rather than downloading software content on the Internet. It proposes a system whereby the products come on compact disk with mobile agent as deliverable. The client/user purchases a software product, but must connect to the remote server of the software developer before installation. The user provides an activation code that activates mobile agent which is part of the software product on compact disk. The validity of the activation code is checked on connection at the developer’s end to ascertain authenticity and prevent piracy. The system is implemented by downloading two different software products as compare with installing same products on compact disk with mobile agent’s application. Downloading software contents from developer’s database as in the traditional method requires a continuously open connection between the client and the developer’s end, a fixed network is not economically or technically feasible. Mobile agent after being dispatched into the network becomes independent of the creating process and can operate asynchronously and autonomously. It can reconnect later after completing its task and return for result delivery. Response Time and Network Load are very minimal with application of Mobile agent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20products" title="software products">software products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20developer" title=" software developer"> software developer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title=" internet"> internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20code" title=" activation code"> activation code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20agent" title=" mobile agent"> mobile agent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75446/comparative-advantage-of-mobile-agent-application-in-procuring-software-products-on-the-internet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4692</span> A Simple Algorithm for Real-Time 3D Capturing of an Interior Scene Using a Linear Voxel Octree and a Floating Origin Camera</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vangelis%20Drosos">Vangelis Drosos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrios%20Tsoukalos"> Dimitrios Tsoukalos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrios%20Tsolis"> Dimitrios Tsolis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a simple algorithm for capturing a 3D scene (focused on the usage of mobile device cameras in the context of augmented/mixed reality) by using a floating origin camera solution and storing the resulting information in a linear voxel octree. Data is derived from cloud points captured by a mobile device camera. For the purposes of this paper, we assume a scene of fixed size (known to us or determined beforehand) and a fixed voxel resolution. The resulting data is stored in a linear voxel octree using a hashtable. We commence by briefly discussing the logic behind floating origin approaches and the usage of linear voxel octrees for efficient storage. Following that, we present the algorithm for translating captured feature points into voxel data in the context of a fixed origin world and storing them. Finally, we discuss potential applications and areas of future development and improvement to the efficiency of our solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voxel" title="voxel">voxel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=octree" title=" octree"> octree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20vision" title=" computer vision"> computer vision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XR" title=" XR"> XR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floating%20origin" title=" floating origin"> floating origin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136753/a-simple-algorithm-for-real-time-3d-capturing-of-an-interior-scene-using-a-linear-voxel-octree-and-a-floating-origin-camera" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4691</span> Toward a Re-Definition of Mobile Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirna%20Diab">Mirna Diab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile learning, or M-learning, drives the development of new teaching, learning, and assessment strategies in schools and colleges. With initiatives across states, districts, and institutions, the United States leads mobile learning, significantly impacting education. Since 2010, over 2,3 million American pupils have received their education via mobile devices, demonstrating its rapid expansion. Nonetheless, mobile learning lacks a consistent and explicit definition that helps educators, students, and stakeholders grasp its essence and implement it effectively. This article addresses the need for a revised definition by introducing readers to various mobile learning concepts and understandings. It seeks to raise awareness, clarify, and encourage making well-informed decisions regarding its incorporation as a potent learning tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20learning" title="mobile learning">mobile learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20pedagogy" title=" mobile pedagogy"> mobile pedagogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20technological%20devices" title=" mobile technological devices"> mobile technological devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learner%20mobility" title=" learner mobility"> learner mobility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169586/toward-a-re-definition-of-mobile-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4690</span> Simulation Approach for a Comparison of Linked Cluster Algorithm and Clusterhead Size Algorithm in Ad Hoc Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameen%20Jameel%20Alawneh">Ameen Jameel Alawneh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile hosts that dynamically form a temporary network without the aid of a system administrator. It has neither fixed infrastructure nor wireless ad hoc sessions. It inherently reaches several nodes with a single transmission, and each node functions as both a host and a router. The network maybe represented as a set of clusters each managed by clusterhead. The cluster size is not fixed and it depends on the movement of nodes. We proposed a clusterhead size algorithm (CHSize). This clustering algorithm can be used by several routing algorithms for ad hoc networks. An elected clusterhead is assigned for communication with all other clusters. Analysis and simulation of the algorithm has been implemented using GloMoSim networks simulator, MATLAB and MAPL11 proved that the proposed algorithm achieves the goals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title="simulation">simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MANET" title=" MANET"> MANET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ad-hoc" title=" Ad-hoc"> Ad-hoc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster%20head%20size" title=" cluster head size"> cluster head size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linked%20cluster%20algorithm" title=" linked cluster algorithm"> linked cluster algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss%20and%20dropped%20packets" title=" loss and dropped packets"> loss and dropped packets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41610/simulation-approach-for-a-comparison-of-linked-cluster-algorithm-and-clusterhead-size-algorithm-in-ad-hoc-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4689</span> Mobile Mediated Learning and Teachers Education in Less Resourced Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Rashid%20Ahmadi">Abdul Rashid Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samiullah%20Paracha"> Samiullah Paracha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidullah%20Sokout"> Hamidullah Sokout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hanif%20Gharana"> Mohammad Hanif Gharana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventional educational practices, do not offer all the required skills for teachers to successfully survive in today’s workplace. Due to poor professional training, a big gap exists across the curriculum plan and the teacher practices in the classroom. As such, raising the quality of teaching through ICT-enabled training and professional development of teachers should be an urgent priority. ‘Mobile Learning’, in that vein, is an increasingly growing field of educational research and practice across schools and work places. In this paper, we propose a novel Mobile learning system that allows the users to learn through an intelligent mobile learning in cooperatively every-time and every-where. The system will reduce the training cost and increase consistency, efficiency, and data reliability. To establish that our system will display neither functional nor performance failure, the evaluation strategy is based on formal observation of users interacting with system followed by questionnaires and structured interviews. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20assisted%20learning" title="computer assisted learning">computer assisted learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20tutoring%20system" title=" intelligent tutoring system"> intelligent tutoring system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learner%20centered%20design" title=" learner centered design"> learner centered design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20mediated%20learning%20and%20teacher%20education" title=" mobile mediated learning and teacher education"> mobile mediated learning and teacher education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14241/mobile-mediated-learning-and-teachers-education-in-less-resourced-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4688</span> The Effect of Mobile Technology Use in Education: A Meta-Analysis Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eirin%20K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk">Şirin Küçük</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ay%C5%9Fe%20K%C3%B6k"> Ayşe Kök</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0smail%20%C5%9Eahin"> İsmail Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile devices are very popular and useful tools for assisting people in daily life. With the advancement of mobile technologies, the issue of mobile learning has been widely investigated in education. Many researches consider that it is important to integrate pedagogical and technical strengths of mobile technology into learning environments. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to examine the effect of mobile technology use in education with meta-analysis method. Meta-analysis is a statistical technique which combines the findings of independent studies in a specific subject. In this respect, the articles will be examined by searching the databases for researches which are conducted between 2005 and 2014. It is expected that the results of this research will contribute to future research related to mobile technology use in education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20learning" title="mobile learning">mobile learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20technology" title=" mobile technology"> mobile technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20062/the-effect-of-mobile-technology-use-in-education-a-meta-analysis-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">721</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4687</span> Accelerating Mobile Innovation, Adoption, and Translational Science within a Large Research Enterprise and Healthcare System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Wheat">Stephen Wheat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Institutional mobile application governance and distribution processes are essential to mobile app innovation. The absence of effective processes poses a significant barrier to the development and adoption of mobile apps for use within a research enterprise and also impedes the translational science of applying research apps in clinical and engineering settings. To accelerate mobile app innovation and adoption, Emory University and Emory Healthcare implemented a three-pronged strategy including. I) Mobile app review and distribution policies and processes. II) Mobile app management infrastructure and mobile app foundation components. III) A strategic sourcing strategy based on preferred mobile app development firms. The results have been an increase from five to 56 mobile apps in the pipeline over three years; increased engagement from technology transfer, legal counsel, compliance, and information security; articulation of a coordinated mobile app strategy; and allocation of more institutional resources toward specific mobile technology and mobile application goals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20app%20management" title="mobile app management">mobile app management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security"> information security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61884/accelerating-mobile-innovation-adoption-and-translational-science-within-a-large-research-enterprise-and-healthcare-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4686</span> The Impact of Election Observation on Electoral Reforms in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sulaiman">Abubakar Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examines how election observation influences electoral reforms in Nigeria. Over the years, election observation continues to play critical role in the electoral process specifically in Nigeria and Africa at large. Election observation keeps an eye on the electoral process and all the stakeholders during elections, to ensure that the process is fair to all contestants. While literature abound on this role of election observation on electoral process in Nigeria, scanty scholarly efforts have been made to appraise how election observation influences electoral reforms in Nigeria. Also, while election observation may play a role in ensuring that the electoral process is credible, specifically, its role in prvoking and eliciting various electoral reforms in the country has not been explored. The paper adopts the explanatory research design using secondary data and document analysis. Preliminary findings show that election observation has influenced electoral reforms in Nigeria in no small measure. The paper concludes that election observation is critical for result oriented electoral reforms in Nigeria, albeit, such reforms have to be implemented to the latter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electoral%20reforms" title="electoral reforms">electoral reforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=election%20observation" title=" election observation"> election observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electoral%20process" title=" electoral process"> electoral process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20country" title=" developing country"> developing country</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123813/the-impact-of-election-observation-on-electoral-reforms-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4685</span> Mobile Agent Security Using Reference Monitor Based Security Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandhya%20Armoogum">Sandhya Armoogum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In distributed systems and in open systems such as the Internet, often mobile code has to run on unknown and potentially hostile hosts. Mobile code such as a mobile agent is vulnerable when executing on remote hosts. The mobile agent may be subjected to various attacks such as tampering, inspection, and replay attack by a malicious host. Much research has been done to provide solutions for various security problems, such as authentication of mobile agent and hosts, integrity and confidentiality of the data carried by the mobile agent. Many of such proposed solutions in literature are not suitable for open systems whereby the mobile code arrives and executes on a host which is not known and trusted by the mobile agent owner. In this paper, we propose the adoption of the reference monitor by hosts in an open system for providing trust and security for mobile code execution. A secure protocol for the distribution of the reference monitor entity is described. This reference monitor entity on the remote host may also provide several security services such as authentication and integrity to the mobile code. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title="security">security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20agents" title=" mobile agents"> mobile agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reference%20monitor" title=" reference monitor"> reference monitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31788/mobile-agent-security-using-reference-monitor-based-security-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4684</span> A Proposal to Mobile Payment Implementing 2AF+</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nael%20Hirzallah">Nael Hirzallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Nseir"> Sana Nseir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Merchants are competing to offer the use of mobile payment to encourage shopping. many mobile payment systems were made available in various locations worldwide; however, they have various drawbacks. This paper proposes a new mobile payment system that discusses the main drawbacks of these systems, namely security and speed of transaction. The proposal is featured by being simple to use by customers and merchants. Furthermore, the proposed system depends on a new authentication factor that is introduced in this paper and called by Two-Factors Authentication Plus, (2FA+). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20commerce" title="electronic commerce">electronic commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=payment%20schemes" title=" payment schemes"> payment schemes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20payment" title=" mobile payment"> mobile payment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication%20factors" title=" authentication factors"> authentication factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20applications" title=" mobile applications"> mobile applications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1572/a-proposal-to-mobile-payment-implementing-2af" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4683</span> Effect of Information and Communication Intervention on Stable Economic Growth in Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhin%20Haftom%20Hailu">Medhin Haftom Hailu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The advancement of information technology has significantly impacted Ethiopia's economy, driving innovation, productivity, job creation, and global connectivity. This research examined the impact of contemporary information and communication technologies on Ethiopian economic progress. The study examined eight variables, including mobile, internet, and fixed-line penetration rates, and five macroeconomic control variables. The results showed a positive and strong effect of ICT on economic growth in Ethiopia, with 1% increase in mobile, internet, and fixed line services penetration indexes resulting in an 8.03, 10.05, and 30.06% increase in real GDP. The Granger causality test showed that all ICT variables Granger caused economic growth, but economic growth Granger caused mobile penetration rate only. The study suggests that coordinated ICT infrastructure development, increased telecom service accessibility, and increased competition in the telecom market are crucial for Ethiopia's economic growth. Ethiopia is attempting to establish a digital economy through massive investment in ensuring ICT quality and accessibility. Thus, the research could enhance in understanding of the economic impact of ICT expansion for successful ICT policy interventions for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cointegration%20and%20error%20correction" title=" cointegration and error correction"> cointegration and error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT%20expansion" title=" ICT expansion"> ICT expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granger%20causality" title=" granger causality"> granger causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=penetration" title=" penetration"> penetration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168989/effect-of-information-and-communication-intervention-on-stable-economic-growth-in-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4682</span> Mobile Payment over NFC: The M-Check System Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Maazouz">Karima Maazouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Benlahmer"> Habib Benlahmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naceur%20Achtaich"> Naceur Achtaich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The realization of mobile payments will make possible new and unforeseen ways of convenience and m-commerce. Mobile payment today benefit from technology and trends. NFC technology is creating a new era of contactless mobile payment. the “M-check” is a mobile payment system provides a new way facilitating transaction with high valued payment and enable new m-commerce. The objective of the paper is to propose a new solution for m-payment. The proposed combination of m-check system and NFC offers acceptable security for payment mobile, client’s satisfaction, and simplifies the process payment between clients and merchants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M-payment" title="M-payment">M-payment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC" title=" NFC"> NFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M-check" title=" M-check"> M-check</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M-commerce" title=" M-commerce"> M-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20466/mobile-payment-over-nfc-the-m-check-system-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">597</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4681</span> Secure Mobile E-Business Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hala%20A.%20Alrumaih">Hala A. Alrumaih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is widely believed that mobile device is a promising technology for lending the opportunity for the third wave of electronic commerce. Mobile devices have changed the way companies do business. Many applications are under development or being incorporated into business processes. In this day, mobile applications are a vital component of any industry strategy. One of the greatest benefits of selling merchandise and providing services on a mobile application is that it widens a company’s customer base significantly. Mobile applications are accessible to interested customers across regional and international borders in different electronic business (e-business) area. But there is a dark side to this success story. The security risks associated with mobile devices and applications are very significant. This paper introduces a broad risk analysis for the various threats, vulnerabilities, and risks in mobile e-business applications and presents some important risk mitigation approaches. It reviews and compares two different frameworks for security assurance in mobile e-business applications. Based on the comparison, the paper suggests some recommendations for applications developers and business owners in mobile e-business application development process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-business" title="e-business">e-business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20applications" title=" mobile applications"> mobile applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20mitigations" title=" risk mitigations"> risk mitigations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20assurance" title=" security assurance"> security assurance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16632/secure-mobile-e-business-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4680</span> Investigation on Behavior of Fixed-Ended Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Heyrani%20Birak">Y. Heyrani Birak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Hizaji"> R. Hizaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Shahkarami"> J. Shahkarami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reinforced Concrete (RC) deep beams are special structural elements because of their geometry and behavior under loads. For example, assumption of strain- stress distribution is not linear in the cross section. These types of beams may have simple supports or fixed supports. A lot of research works have been conducted on simply supported deep beams, but little study has been done in the fixed-end RC deep beams behavior. Recently, using of fixed-ended deep beams has been widely increased in structures. In this study, the behavior of fixed-ended deep beams is investigated, and the important parameters in capacity of this type of beams are mentioned. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20beam" title="deep beam">deep beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity" title=" capacity"> capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title=" reinforced concrete"> reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed-ended" title=" fixed-ended"> fixed-ended</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57558/investigation-on-behavior-of-fixed-ended-reinforced-concrete-deep-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4679</span> Behavioral Pattern of 2G Mobile Internet Subscribers: A Study on an Operator of Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azfar%20Adib">Azfar Adib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Like many other countries of the world, mobile internet has been playing a key role in the growth of internet subscriber base in Bangladesh. This study has attempted to identify particular behavioral or usage patterns of 2G mobile internet subscribers who were using the service of the topmost internet service provider (as well as the top mobile operator) of Bangladesh prior to the launching of 3G services (when 2G was fully dominant). It contains some comprehensive analysis carried on different info regarding 2G mobile internet subscribers, obtained from the operator’s own network insights.This is accompanied by the results of a survey conducted among 40 high-frequency users of this service. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20internet" title="mobile internet">mobile internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Symbian" title=" Symbian"> Symbian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Android" title=" Android"> Android</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iPhone" title=" iPhone"> iPhone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66690/behavioral-pattern-of-2g-mobile-internet-subscribers-a-study-on-an-operator-of-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4678</span> Managers’ Mobile Information Behavior in an Openness Paradigm Era</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Latif%20Abdul%20Rahman">Abd Latif Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuraidah%20Arif"> Zuraidah Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faizal%20Iylia"> Muhammad Faizal Iylia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ghazali"> Mohd Ghazali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmadi%20Mohammed%20Ghazali"> Asmadi Mohammed Ghazali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile information is a significant access point for human information activities. Theories and models of human information behavior have developed over several decades but have not yet considered the role of the user’s computing device in digital information interactions. This paper reviews the literature that leads to developing a conceptual framework of a study on the managers mobile information behavior. Based on the literature review, dimensions of mobile information behavior are identified, namely, dimension information needs, dimension information access, information retrieval and dimension of information use. The study is significant to understand the nature of librarians’ behavior in searching, retrieving and using information via the mobile device. Secondly, the study would provide suggestions about various kinds of mobile applications which organization can provide for their staff to improve their services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20information%20behavior" title="mobile information behavior">mobile information behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20behavior" title=" information behavior"> information behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20information" title=" mobile information"> mobile information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20devices" title=" mobile devices"> mobile devices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45724/managers-mobile-information-behavior-in-an-openness-paradigm-era" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4677</span> Instruction and Learning Design Consideration for the Development of Mobile Learning Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sarrab">M. Sarrab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Elbasir"> M. Elbasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of mobile learning applications currently available are developed for the formal education and learning environment. Those applications are characterized by the improvement of the interaction process between instructors and learners to provide more collaboration and flexibility in the learning process. Despite the long history and large amount of research on Instruction design model and mobile learning there is no complete and well defined set of steps to follow in designing mobile learning applications. Based on this scenario, this paper focuses on identifying instruction design phases considerations and influencing factors in developing mobile learning application. This set of instruction design steps includes analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation and continuous has been built from a literature study with focus on standards for learning and mobile application software quality and guidelines. The effort is part of an Omani-funded research project investigating the development, adoption and dissemination of mobile learning in Oman. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instruction%20design" title="instruction design">instruction design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20learning" title=" mobile learning"> mobile learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title=" mobile application"> mobile application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24386/instruction-and-learning-design-consideration-for-the-development-of-mobile-learning-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24386.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">603</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4676</span> Mobile Application Testing Matrix and Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakhtiar%20Amen">Bakhtiar Amen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sardasht%20Mahmood"> Sardasht Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joan%20Lu"> Joan Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The adoption of smartphones and the usages of mobile applications are increasing rapidly. Consequently, within limited time-range, mobile Internet usages have managed to take over the desktop usages particularly since the first smartphone-touched application released by iPhone in 2007. This paper is proposed to provide solution and answer the most demandable questions related to mobile application automated and manual testing limitations. Moreover, Mobile application testing requires agility and physically testing. Agile testing is to detect bugs through automated tools, whereas the compatibility testing is more to ensure that the apps operates on mobile OS (Operation Systems) as well as on the different real devices. Moreover, we have managed to answer automated or manual questions through two mobile application case studies MES (Mobile Exam System) and MLM (Mobile Lab Mate) by creating test scripts for both case studies and our experiment results have been discussed and evaluated on whether to adopt test on real devices or on emulators? In addition to this, we have introduced new mobile application testing matrix for the testers and some enterprises to obtain knowledge from. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20app%20testing" title="mobile app testing">mobile app testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testing%20matrix" title=" testing matrix"> testing matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automated" title=" automated"> automated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manual%20testing" title=" manual testing "> manual testing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23955/mobile-application-testing-matrix-and-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4675</span> 3G or 4G: A Predilection for Millennial Generation of Indian Society</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rishi%20Prajapati">Rishi Prajapati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 3G is the abbreviation of third generation of wireless mobile telecommunication technologies. 3G is a mode that finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile internet access, fixed wireless internet access, video calls and mobile TV. It also provides mobile broadband access to smartphones and mobile modems in laptops and computers. The first 3G networks were introduced in 1998, followed by 4G networks in 2008. 4G is the abbreviation of fourth generation of wireless mobile telecommunication technologies. 4G is termed to be the advanced form of 3G. 4G was firstly introduced in South Korea in 2007. Many abstracts have floated researches that depicted the diversity and similarity between the third and the fourth generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology, whereas this abstract reflects the study that focuses on analyzing the preference between 3G versus 4G given by the elite group of the Indian society who are known as adolescents or the Millennial Generation aging from 18 years to 25 years. The Millennial Generation was chosen for this study as they have the easiest access to the latest technology. A sample size of 200 adolescents was selected and a structured survey was carried out which had several closed ended as well as open ended questions, to aggregate the result of this study. It was made sure that the effect of environmental factors on the subjects was as minimal as possible. The data analysis comprised of primary data collection reflecting it as quantitative research. The rationale behind this research is to give brief idea of how 3G and 4G are accepted by the Millennial Generation in India. The findings of this research would materialize a framework which depicts whether Millennial Generation would prefer 4G over 3G or vice versa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fourth%20generation" title="fourth generation">fourth generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20telecommunication%20technology" title=" wireless telecommunication technology"> wireless telecommunication technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20society" title=" Indian society"> Indian society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=millennial%20generation" title=" millennial generation"> millennial generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20research" title=" market research"> market research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20generation" title=" third generation"> third generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56902/3g-or-4g-a-predilection-for-millennial-generation-of-indian-society" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4674</span> Mobile Cloud Middleware: A New Service for Mobile Users</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Akherfi">K. Akherfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Harroud"> H. Harroud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cloud Computing (CC) and Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) have advanced rapidly the last few years. Today, MCC undergoes fast improvement and progress in terms of hardware (memory, embedded sensors, power consumption, touch screen, etc.) software (more and more sophisticated mobile applications) and transmission (higher data transmission rates achieved with different technologies such as 3Gs). This paper presents a review on the concept of CC and MCC. Then, it discusses what has been done regarding middleware in CC and MCC. Later, it shows the architecture of our proposed middleware along with its functionalities which will be provided to mobile clients in order to overcome the well-known problems (such as low battery power, slow CPU speed and, little memory etc.). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context-aware" title="context-aware">context-aware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title=" cloud computing"> cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middleware" title=" middleware"> middleware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20cloud%20computing" title=" mobile cloud computing"> mobile cloud computing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5233/mobile-cloud-middleware-a-new-service-for-mobile-users" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20and%20mobile%20observation&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20and%20mobile%20observation&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20and%20mobile%20observation&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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