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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliamentary_backbencher_(1983–2015)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Parliamentary backbencher (1983–2015) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parliamentary_backbencher_(1983–2015)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Parliamentary backbencher (1983–2015) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Parliamentary_backbencher_(1983–2015)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Labour_in_opposition_(1982–1997)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_in_opposition_(1982–1997)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Labour in opposition (1982–1997) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_in_opposition_(1982–1997)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Irish_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irish_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 Irish politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irish_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour_in_government_(1997–2010)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_in_government_(1997–2010)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Labour in government (1997–2010) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_in_government_(1997–2010)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Stop_the_War_Coalition_and_anti-war_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stop_the_War_Coalition_and_anti-war_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Stop the War Coalition and anti-war activism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stop_the_War_Coalition_and_anti-war_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parliamentary_groups_and_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliamentary_groups_and_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 Parliamentary groups and activism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliamentary_groups_and_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour_in_opposition_(2010–2015)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_in_opposition_(2010–2015)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Labour in opposition (2010–2015) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_in_opposition_(2010–2015)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Leadership elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Corbynmania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corbynmania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4.1 Corbynmania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corbynmania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership_of_the_Labour_Party_(2015–2020)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership_of_the_Labour_Party_(2015–2020)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Leadership of the Labour Party (2015–2020) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leadership_of_the_Labour_Party_(2015–2020)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Leadership of the Labour Party (2015–2020) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Leadership_of_the_Labour_Party_(2015–2020)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_term_as_Leader_of_the_Opposition_(2015–2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_term_as_Leader_of_the_Opposition_(2015–2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 First term as Leader of the Opposition (2015–2017) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_term_as_Leader_of_the_Opposition_(2015–2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017_general_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017_general_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 2017 general election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017_general_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019_general_election_and_resignation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019_general_election_and_resignation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 2019 general election and resignation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019_general_election_and_resignation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Post-leadership </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Post-leadership subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Post-leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-EHRC_report_and_suspension" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EHRC_report_and_suspension"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 EHRC report and suspension </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EHRC_report_and_suspension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peace_and_Justice_Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peace_and_Justice_Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Peace and Justice Project </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peace_and_Justice_Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stop_the_War_Coalition_statement_on_Ukraine_crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stop_the_War_Coalition_statement_on_Ukraine_crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Stop the War Coalition statement on Ukraine crisis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stop_the_War_Coalition_statement_on_Ukraine_crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expulsion_from_the_Labour_Party_and_2024_general_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expulsion_from_the_Labour_Party_and_2024_general_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Expulsion from the Labour Party and 2024 general election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expulsion_from_the_Labour_Party_and_2024_general_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policies_and_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policies_and_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Policies and views </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Policies_and_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_coverage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_coverage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Media coverage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_coverage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Personal life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Personal life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personal_beliefs_and_interests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_beliefs_and_interests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Personal beliefs and interests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_beliefs_and_interests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interview_under_police_caution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interview_under_police_caution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Interview under police caution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interview_under_police_caution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Awards and recognition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Jeremy Corbyn</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" > 69 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86" title="جيرمي كوربين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيرمي كوربين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceremi_Korbin" title="Ceremi Korbin – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ceremi Korbin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="জেরেমি করবিন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জেরেমি করবিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Джереми Корбин – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джереми Корбин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9_%CE%9A%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Τζέρεμι Κόρμπιν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζέρεμι Κόρμπιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbin" title="Jeremy Corbin – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jeremy Corbin" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جرمی کوربین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جرمی کوربین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%9F%AC%EB%AF%B8_%EC%BD%94%EB%B9%88" title="제러미 코빈 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제러미 코빈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%AB_%D5%94%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Ջերեմի Քորբին – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջերեմի Քորբին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F" title="ג'רמי קורבין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'רמי קורבין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჯერემი კორბინი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯერემი კორბინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieremias_Corbyn" title="Ieremias Corbyn – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ieremias Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEeremijs_Korbins" title="Džeremijs Korbins – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džeremijs Korbins" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Џереми Корбин – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џереми Корбин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="ജെർമി കോർബിൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജെർമി കോർബിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86" title="جيرمى كوربين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيرمى كوربين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AC%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3" title="ジェレミー・コービン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジェレミー・コービン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8" title="ਜੇਰਮੀ ਕੋਰਬਿਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੇਰਮੀ ਕੋਰਬਿਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جیریمی کوربین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جیریمی کوربین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جېرمي کوربین – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جېرمي کوربین" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Корбин, Джереми – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Корбин, Джереми" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8E%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جێرێمی کۆربین – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جێرێمی کۆربین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Џереми Корбин – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џереми Корбин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="เจเรมี คอร์บิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เจเรมี คอร์บิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Джеремі Корбін – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джеремі Корбін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جیریمی کوربین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جیریمی کوربین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Jeremy Corbyn" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E8%8B%A6%E5%8E%84%E6%BF%92" title="杰里米·苦厄濒 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="杰里米·苦厄濒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%9D%E7%88%BE%E5%BD%AC" title="郝爾彬 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="郝爾彬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British politician (born 1949)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Corbyn" redirects here. For other people with the name, see <a href="/wiki/Corbyn_(name)" title="Corbyn (name)">Corbyn (name)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Jeremy Corbyn</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">MP</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2,_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/220px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/330px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/440px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2024</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 12 September 2015 – 4 April 2020</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harriet Harman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader of the Labour Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 12 September 2015 – 4 April 2020</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Deputy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Watson_(Labour_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Watson (Labour politician)">Tom Watson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Keir Starmer</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Islington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Islington North</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office 9 June 1983</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_O%27Halloran_(British_politician)" title="Michael O'Halloran (British politician)">Michael O'Halloran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Majority</th><td class="infobox-data">7,247 (14.8%)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 14 June 2011 – 12 September 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Vice President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lindsey_German" title="Lindsey German">Lindsey German</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Nineham" title="Chris Nineham">Chris Nineham</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Murray_(trade_unionist)" title="Andrew Murray (trade unionist)">Andrew Murray</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Andrew Murray</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Jeremy Bernard Corbyn</div> (1949-05-26) 26 May 1949 (age 75) <a href="/wiki/Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a>, Wiltshire, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (part of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Alliance_(UK)" title="Independent Alliance (UK)">Independent Alliance</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> (1965–2024)<a href="#endnote_suspension">a</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Chapman" title="Jane Chapman">Jane Chapman</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1974; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1979)</div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Claudia Bracchitta</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1987; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1999)</div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Laura Álvarez</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 2012)</div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Piers_Corbyn" title="Piers Corbyn">Piers Corbyn</a> (brother)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castle_House_School" title="Castle House School">Castle House School</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Adams%27_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Adams' Grammar School">Adams' Grammar School</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/North_London_Polytechnic" class="mw-redirect" title="North London Polytechnic">North London Polytechnic</a> (did not graduate)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:CorbynSignature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeremy Corbyn's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/CorbynSignature.svg/128px-CorbynSignature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/CorbynSignature.svg/192px-CorbynSignature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/CorbynSignature.svg/256px-CorbynSignature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1261" data-file-height="327" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jeremycorbyn.org.uk/">Official website</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_on_proportional_representation.ogg" title="File:Jeremy Corbyn on proportional representation.ogg">Jeremy Corbyn's voice</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="153" data-mwtitle="Jeremy_Corbyn_on_proportional_representation.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Jeremy_Corbyn_on_proportional_representation.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/Jeremy_Corbyn_on_proportional_representation.ogg/Jeremy_Corbyn_on_proportional_representation.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Corbyn on <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> (PR) Recorded 7 September 2022</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">a.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><a href="#ref_suspension">^</a> Membership suspended: 29 October 2020 – 17 November 2020; <a href="/wiki/Whip_(politics)" title="Whip (politics)">whip</a> suspended since 29 October 2020</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid 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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157919884">.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person{border:4px double #d69d36}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-title{font-size:110%;padding:0;line-height:150%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title-image{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:5px}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title>div{font-size:88%;line-height:normal}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-content{padding:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-navbar{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: grey"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color:#E4003B;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2,_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/75px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/113px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/150px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color:#E4003B;color:white;"><div>This article is part of a series about</div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Political positions of Jeremy Corbyn">Political positions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalisation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Electoral history of Jeremy Corbyn">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)">MP for Islington North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament" title="Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament">CND</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Apartheid_Movement" title="Anti-Apartheid Movement">AAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">StWC</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Backbencher</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islington_North_in_the_2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Islington North in the 2024 United Kingdom general election">Islington 2024 election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> (2015–2020)</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_leadership_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Labour Party leadership of Jeremy Corbyn">Leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_(UK)_leadership_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 Labour Party (UK) leadership election">2015 election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn">Shadow Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/June_2016_British_shadow_cabinet_resignations" class="mw-redirect" title="June 2016 British shadow cabinet resignations">2016 mass resignations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2016 re-election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_British_Labour_Party" title="Antisemitism in the British Labour Party">Antisemitism in the Labour Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_work_of_the_Labour_Party%27s_Governance_and_Legal_Unit_in_relation_to_antisemitism,_2014%E2%80%932019" title="The work of the Labour Party's Governance and Legal Unit in relation to antisemitism, 2014–2019">Antisemitism report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbynmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Corbynmania">Corbynmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Advisory_Committee" title="Economic Advisory Committee">Economic Advisory Committee</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Elections</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2016 United Kingdom local elections">2016 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">2017 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">2017 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2018 United Kingdom local elections">2018 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2019 United Kingdom local elections">2019 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2019 European elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 general election</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Cultural depictions</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corbyn:_The_Strange_Rebirth_of_Radical_Politics" title="Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics">Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comrade_Corbyn" title="Comrade Corbyn">Comrade Corbyn: A Very Unlikely Coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh_Jeremy_Corbyn:_the_big_lie" class="mw-redirect" title="Oh Jeremy Corbyn: the big lie">Oh Jeremy Corbyn: the big lie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn:_Accidental_Hero" title="Jeremy Corbyn: Accidental Hero">Jeremy Corbyn: Accidental Hero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Hero_(Corbyn_biography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dangerous Hero (Corbyn biography)">Dangerous Hero</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Personal_life">Personal life</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Awards_and_recognition">Honours and awards</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/File:CorbynSignature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/CorbynSignature.svg/150px-CorbynSignature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/CorbynSignature.svg/225px-CorbynSignature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/CorbynSignature.svg/300px-CorbynSignature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1261" data-file-height="327" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Crowned_Portcullis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/40px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/60px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/80px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="550" /></a> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jeremy_Corbyn_sidebar" title="Template:Jeremy Corbyn sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jeremy_Corbyn_sidebar" title="Template talk:Jeremy Corbyn sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jeremy_Corbyn_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jeremy Corbyn sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Jeremy Bernard Corbyn (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈkɔːrbɪn/</a>; born 26 May 1949) is a British politician who has been <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> (MP) for <a href="/wiki/Islington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Islington North</a> since 1983. An <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a>, Corbyn was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> from 1965 until his expulsion in 2024, and is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a> parliamentary <a href="/wiki/Caucus" title="Caucus">caucus</a>. He served as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader of the Labour Party</a> from 2015 to 2020. Corbyn identifies ideologically as a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Labour_left" title="Labour left">political left</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Settle-2">[2]</a> Born in <a href="/wiki/Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, Corbyn joined the Labour Party as a teenager. Moving to London, he became a <a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of trade unions in the United Kingdom">trade union</a> <a href="/wiki/Union_representative" title="Union representative">representative</a>. In 1974, he was elected to <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Haringey" title="London Borough of Haringey">Haringey Council</a> and became Secretary of <a href="/wiki/Hornsey_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hornsey (UK Parliament constituency)">Hornsey</a> <a href="/wiki/Constituency_Labour_Party" title="Constituency Labour Party">Constituency Labour Party</a> until elected as the MP for Islington North in 1983. His activism has included <a href="/wiki/Anti-Fascist_Action" title="Anti-Fascist Action">Anti-Fascist Action</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Apartheid_Movement" title="Anti-Apartheid Movement">Anti-Apartheid Movement</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament" title="Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament">Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament</a>, and advocating for a <a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">united Ireland</a> and <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Palestine">Palestinian statehood</a>. As a <a href="/wiki/Backbencher" title="Backbencher">backbencher</a>, Corbyn routinely voted against the Labour <a href="/wiki/Whip_(politics)" title="Whip (politics)">whip</a>, including <a href="/wiki/New_Labour" title="New Labour">New Labour</a> governments. A vocal opponent of the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, he chaired the <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a> from 2011 to 2015, and received the <a href="/wiki/Gandhi_International_Peace_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandhi International Peace Award">Gandhi International Peace Award</a> and <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_MacBride_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Seán MacBride Peace Prize">Seán MacBride Peace Prize</a>. Following <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a>'s resignation after the party had lost the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 general election</a>, Corbyn won the <a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2015 party leadership election</a> to succeed him. The Labour Party's membership increased sharply, both during the <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">leadership campaign</a> and following his election.<a href="#cite_note-ibtimes-3">[3]</a> Taking the party to the left, Corbyn advocated <a href="/wiki/Renationalising" class="mw-redirect" title="Renationalising">renationalising</a> public utilities and <a href="/wiki/Renationalisation_of_British_Rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Renationalisation of British Rail">railways</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Non-interventionism" title="Non-interventionism">less interventionist</a> military policy, and reversals of <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_government_austerity_programme" title="United Kingdom government austerity programme">austerity cuts</a> to welfare and public services. Although he had sometimes been critical of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU), he supported the <a href="/wiki/Remain_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Remain campaign">Remain campaign</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2016_EU_membership_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 EU membership referendum">2016 EU membership referendum</a>. After Labour MPs <a href="/wiki/2016_British_shadow_cabinet_resignations" title="2016 British shadow cabinet resignations">sought to remove him in 2016</a> through a leadership challenge, he won a <a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">second leadership contest</a> against <a href="/wiki/Owen_Smith" title="Owen Smith">Owen Smith</a>. Despite <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Media_coverage">hostile treatment from the media</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">2017 general election</a> Corbyn led Labour to increase its vote share by 10 percentage points to 40 per cent, their largest rise since the <a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">1945 general election</a>. During his tenure as leader, Corbyn was criticised for the <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_British_Labour_Party" title="Antisemitism in the British Labour Party">antisemitism within the party</a>. He condemned <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> and apologised for its presence,<a href="#cite_note-MEE-5">[5]</a> while his leadership saw a <a href="/wiki/Chakrabarti_Inquiry" title="Chakrabarti Inquiry">strengthening of disciplinary procedures</a> regarding hate speech and racism.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> In 2019, after <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_votes_on_Brexit" title="Parliamentary votes on Brexit">deadlock in Parliament over Brexit</a>, Corbyn endorsed holding a <a href="/wiki/Proposed_referendum_on_the_Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Proposed referendum on the Brexit withdrawal agreement">referendum on the withdrawal agreement</a>, with a personal stance of neutrality. In the <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 general election</a>, Labour's vote share fell to 32 per cent, leading to a loss of 60 seats, leaving it with 202, its fewest since the <a href="/wiki/1935_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1935 United Kingdom general election">1935 general election</a>. Corbyn remained Labour leader for four months while the <a href="/wiki/2020_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2020 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">leadership election</a> to replace him took place. His resignation as Labour leader formally took effect in April 2020 following the election of <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a>, who led the party to victory at <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">the next general election</a> in 2024 with a vote share of 34 per cent. After asserting that the scale of antisemitism had been overstated for political reasons, Corbyn was suspended from the party in 2020. In May 2024, after the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 general election</a> had been called, Corbyn was not allowed to stand as a Labour candidate for his constituency, and subsequently announced he would <a href="/wiki/Islington_North_in_the_2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Islington North in the 2024 United Kingdom general election">stand as an independent candidate for Islington North</a>; he was then expelled from Labour.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> He won re-election with a majority of 7,247.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:221px;max-width:221px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Castle_House_School.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Castle_House_School.jpg/217px-Castle_House_School.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Castle_House_School.jpg/326px-Castle_House_School.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Castle_House_School.jpg/434px-Castle_House_School.jpg 2x" data-file-width="779" data-file-height="315" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Castle_House_School" title="Castle House School">Castle House School</a>, where Corbyn attended <a href="/wiki/Preparatory_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Preparatory school (United Kingdom)">preparatory school</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Adams%27_-_Big_School.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Adams%27_-_Big_School.png/217px-Adams%27_-_Big_School.png" decoding="async" width="217" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Adams%27_-_Big_School.png/326px-Adams%27_-_Big_School.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Adams%27_-_Big_School.png/434px-Adams%27_-_Big_School.png 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="302" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Adams_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Adams Grammar School">Adams Grammar School</a>, where Corbyn attended secondary school</div></div></div></div></div> Jeremy Bernard Corbyn was born on 26 May 1949 in <a href="/wiki/Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a>, Wiltshire,<a href="#cite_note-politics.co.uk_bio-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-parliament.uk-10">[10]</a> the son of mathematics teacher Naomi Loveday (née Josling; 1915–1987)<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> and electrical engineer and <a href="/wiki/Rectifier" title="Rectifier">power rectifier</a> expert David Benjamin Corbyn (1915–1986).<a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-12">[12]</a> He has three elder brothers; one of them, <a href="/wiki/Piers_Corbyn" title="Piers Corbyn">Piers Corbyn</a> (born 1947), is a weather forecaster who later became known as a <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_denier" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate change denier">climate change denier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-vaccine_activism" title="Anti-vaccine activism">anti-vaccine conspiracy theorist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> For the first seven years of his life, the family lived in <a href="/wiki/Kington_St_Michael" title="Kington St Michael">Kington St Michael, Wiltshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-12">[12]</a> His parents were <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> members<a href="#cite_note-LowObs-16">[16]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peace_campaigner" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace campaigner">peace campaigners</a> who met in the 1930s at a committee meeting in support of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Republic">Spanish Republic</a> at <a href="/wiki/Conway_Hall_Ethical_Society" title="Conway Hall Ethical Society">Conway Hall</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ft-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> When Corbyn was seven, the family moved to <a href="/wiki/Pave_Lane" title="Pave Lane">Pave Lane, Shropshire</a>, where his father bought Yew Tree Manor, a 17th-century farmhouse<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> which was once part of the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Sutherland" title="Duke of Sutherland">Duke of Sutherland</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Lilleshall_Hall" title="Lilleshall Hall">Lilleshall</a> estate.<a href="#cite_note-BurgessSale-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Corbyn attended <a href="/wiki/Castle_House_School" title="Castle House School">Castle House School</a>, an independent <a href="/wiki/Preparatory_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Preparatory school (United Kingdom)">preparatory school</a> near <a href="/wiki/Newport,_Shropshire" title="Newport, Shropshire">Newport, Shropshire</a>, before becoming a day student at Newport's <a href="/wiki/Adams_Grammar_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Adams Grammar School">Adams Grammar School</a> at the age of 11.<a href="#cite_note-roth_profile-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-shropstar-24">[24]</a> While still at school, Corbyn became active in the <a href="/wiki/League_Against_Cruel_Sports" title="League Against Cruel Sports">League Against Cruel Sports</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_Young_Socialists" title="Labour Party Young Socialists">Labour Party Young Socialists</a> within <a href="/wiki/Wrekin_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrekin (UK Parliament constituency)">The Wrekin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-shropstar-24">[24]</a> He joined the Labour Party at the age of 16.<a href="#cite_note-LowObs-16">[16]</a> He achieved two <a href="/wiki/GCE_Advanced_Level_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="GCE Advanced Level (United Kingdom)">A-Levels</a> at grade E, the lowest possible passing grade, before leaving school at 18.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a> Corbyn joined the <a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament" title="Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament">Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament</a> in 1966 while at school<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a> and later became one of its three vice-chairs and subsequently vice-president.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Around this time, he also campaigned against the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> After school, Corbyn worked briefly as a reporter for the local Newport and Market Drayton Advertiser newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Around the age of 19, he spent two years doing <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_Service_Overseas" title="Voluntary Service Overseas">Voluntary Service Overseas</a> in Jamaica as a <a href="/wiki/Youth_worker" title="Youth worker">youth worker</a> and geography teacher.<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> He subsequently visited Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay throughout 1969 and 1970. While in Brazil, he participated in a student demonstration in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_military_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian military government">Brazilian military government</a>. He also attended a <a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">May Day</a> march in <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>, where the atmosphere around <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende">Salvador Allende</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Chile)" title="Popular Unity (Chile)">Popular Unity</a> alliance which swept to power in <a href="/wiki/1970_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1970 Chilean presidential election">the Chilean elections of 1970</a> made an impression on him: "[I] noticed something very different from anything I had experienced... what Popular Unity and Allende had done was weld together the folk tradition, the song tradition, the artistic tradition and the intellectual tradition".<a href="#cite_note-MacAskill1-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career_and_political_activities">Early career and political activities</h2></div> Returning to the UK in 1971, Corbyn worked as an <a href="/wiki/Union_organizer" title="Union organizer">official</a> for the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Tailors_and_Garment_Workers" title="National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers">National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a> He began a course in Trade Union Studies at <a href="/wiki/North_London_Polytechnic" class="mw-redirect" title="North London Polytechnic">North London Polytechnic</a> but left after a year without a degree after a series of arguments with his tutors over the curriculum.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> He worked as a trade union organiser for the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Public_Employees" title="National Union of Public Employees">National Union of Public Employees</a> (NUPE) and <a href="/wiki/Amalgamated_Engineering_and_Electrical_Union" title="Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union">Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union</a>,<a href="#cite_note-roth_profile-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hattenstone-36">[36]</a> where his union was approached by <a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a> and "encouraged ... to produce a blueprint for workers' control of <a href="/wiki/British_Leyland" title="British Leyland">British Leyland</a>"; the plans did not proceed after Benn was moved to a different Department.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Corbyn was appointed a <a href="/wiki/Area_health_authority" title="Area health authority">member</a> of a <a href="/wiki/District_health_authority" title="District health authority">district health authority</a> and in early 1974, at the age of 24, he was elected to <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Haringey" title="London Borough of Haringey">Haringey Council</a> from <a href="/wiki/South_Hornsey_(ward)" title="South Hornsey (ward)">South Hornsey</a> ward.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> After boundary changes in 1978 he was re-elected in <a href="/wiki/Harringay_(ward)" title="Harringay (ward)">Harringay</a> ward as <a href="/wiki/Councillor" title="Councillor">councillor</a>, remaining so until 1983.<a href="#cite_note-ft-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-jeremycorbyn.org.uk-39">[39]</a> As a delegate from <a href="/wiki/Hornsey_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hornsey (UK Parliament constituency)">Hornsey</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_Conference" title="Labour Party Conference">Labour Party Conference</a> in 1978, Corbyn successfully moved a motion calling for dentists to be employed by the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a> (NHS) rather than as private contractors.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> He also spoke in another debate, describing a motion calling for greater support for law and order as "more appropriate to the <a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front</a> than to the Labour Party".<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Corbyn became the local Labour Party's agent and organiser,<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> and had responsibility for the <a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979 general election campaign</a> in Hornsey.<a href="#cite_note-roth_profile-23">[23]</a> Around this time, he became involved with the <a href="/wiki/London_Labour_Briefing" class="mw-redirect" title="London Labour Briefing">London Labour Briefing</a>, where he was a contributor. Described by <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> in 1981 as "Briefing's founder",<a href="#cite_note-Walker1981-43">[43]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a> in a 1982 article named Corbyn as "Briefing's general secretary figure",<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> as did a profile on Corbyn compiled by parliamentary biographer <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Roth" title="Andrew Roth">Andrew Roth</a> in 2004,<a href="#cite_note-Ridge-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> which states that he joined the editorial board as General Secretary in 1979.<a href="#cite_note-roth_profile-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Crick" title="Michael Crick">Michael Crick</a>, in the 2016 edition of his book Militant, says that Corbyn was "a member of the editorial board",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrick2016xvii-47">[47]</a> as does Lansley, Goss and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Wolmar" title="Christian Wolmar">Wolmar</a>'s 1989 work The Rise and Fall of the Municipal Left.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Corbyn said in 2017 that these reports were inaccurate, telling <a href="/wiki/Sophy_Ridge" title="Sophy Ridge">Sophy Ridge</a>: "I read the magazine. I wrote for the magazine. I was not a member of the editorial board. I didn't agree with it."<a href="#cite_note-Ridge-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> He worked on Tony Benn's <a href="/wiki/1981_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1981 Labour Party deputy leadership election">unsuccessful deputy leadership campaign in 1981</a>. Corbyn was keen to allow former <a href="/wiki/International_Marxist_Group" title="International Marxist Group">International Marxist Group</a> member <a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Tariq Ali</a> to join the party, despite Labour's National Executive having declared him unacceptable, and declared that "so far as we are concerned ... he's a member of the party and he'll be issued with a card."<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In May 1982, when Corbyn was chairman of the Constituency Labour Party, Ali was given a party card signed by Corbyn;<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> in November, the local party voted by 17 to 14 to insist on Ali's membership "up to and including the point of disbandment of the party".<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In the July 1982 edition of Briefing, Corbyn opposed expulsions of the <a href="/wiki/Trotskyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Trotskyist">Trotskyist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Entryist" class="mw-redirect" title="Entryist">entryist</a> group <a href="/wiki/Militant_(Trotskyist_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Militant (Trotskyist group)">Militant</a>, saying that "If expulsions are in order for Militant, they should apply to us too." In the same year, he was the "provisional convener" of "Defeat the Witch-Hunt Campaign", based at Corbyn's then address.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrick2016xvii–xviii-52">[52]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Special_Branch_(Metropolitan_Police)" title="Special Branch (Metropolitan Police)">Special Branch</a> monitored Corbyn for two decades, until the early 2000s, as he was "deemed to be a subversive". According to the Labour Party, "The Security Services kept files on many peace and Labour movement campaigners at the time, including anti-Apartheid activists and trade unionists".<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parliamentary_backbencher_(1983–2015)">Parliamentary backbencher (1983–2015)</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labour_in_opposition_(1982–1997)">Labour in opposition (1982–1997)</h3></div> Corbyn was selected as the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Prospective_parliamentary_candidate" title="Prospective parliamentary candidate">candidate</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Constituency" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituency">constituency</a> of <a href="/wiki/Islington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Islington North</a>, in February 1982,<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-Criddle2005-54">[54]</a> winning the final ballot for selection by 39 votes against 35 for GLC councillor <a href="/wiki/Paul_Boateng" title="Paul Boateng">Paul Boateng</a>, who in 1987 became one of the first three Black British <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Members of Parliament</a> (MP).<a href="#cite_note-roth_profile-23">[23]</a> At the <a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983 general election</a> he was elected MP for the constituency,<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a> defeating the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Labour" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Labour">Independent Labour</a> incumbent <a href="/wiki/Michael_O%27Halloran_(British_politician)" title="Michael O'Halloran (British politician)">Michael O'Halloran</a>, and immediately joined the socialist <a href="/wiki/Campaign_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaign Group">Campaign Group</a>, later becoming secretary of the group.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Shortly after being elected to Parliament, he began writing a weekly column for the left-wing <a href="/wiki/Morning_Star_(British_newspaper)" title="Morning Star (British newspaper)">Morning Star</a> newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-LusherIndy-57">[57]</a> In May 2015, he said that "the Star is the most precious and only voice we have in the daily media".<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> In February 2017, the Morning Star said of Corbyn: "He has been bullied, betrayed and ridiculed, and yet he carries on with the same grace and care he always shows to others – however objectionable their behaviour and treatment of him might be."<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> In 1983, Corbyn spoke on a "no socialism without <a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">gay liberation</a>" platform and continued to campaign for <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United Kingdom">LGBT rights</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile2017-60">[60]</a> He was a campaigner against <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> in South Africa, serving on the National Executive of the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Apartheid_Movement" title="Anti-Apartheid Movement">Anti-Apartheid Movement</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Proctor-61">[61]</a> and was arrested in 1984 while demonstrating outside <a href="/wiki/South_Africa_House" class="mw-redirect" title="South Africa House">South Africa House</a>, leading, decades later, to a viral image of Corbyn being arrested circulated by supporters on social media.<a href="#cite_note-Prince-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> This was as a member of the City of London Anti-Apartheid Group (CLAAG) who carried out a "non-stop picket" for 1,408 days to campaign for <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>'s release from prison. The Anti-Apartheid Movement did not support this protest, as they had agreed not to demonstrate within 30 feet of the embassy, and the picket failed to gain support from the London <a href="/wiki/ANC" class="mw-redirect" title="ANC">ANC</a>; Mandela's failure to respond to CLAAG following his release from prison in 1990 is frequently described as a 'snub'.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> He supported the <a href="/wiki/1984%E2%80%9385_miners%27_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1984–85 miners' strike">1984–85 miners' strike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-walesonline-66">[66]</a> In 1985, he invited striking miners into the gallery of the House of Commons; they were expelled for shouting: "Coal not dole".<a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile2017-60">[60]</a> At the end of the strike Corbyn was given a medallion by the miners in recognition of his help.<a href="#cite_note-walesonline-66">[66]</a> In 1985, he was appointed national secretary of the newly launched <a href="/wiki/Anti-Fascist_Action" title="Anti-Fascist Action">Anti-Fascist Action</a>.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> During the BBC's <a href="/wiki/Newsnight" title="Newsnight">Newsnight</a> in 1984, Conservative MP <a href="/wiki/Terry_Dicks" title="Terry Dicks">Terry Dicks</a> said that so-called Labour "scruffs" (such as Corbyn, who at this time was known for wearing an old polo-necked sweater to the Commons<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a>) should be banned from addressing the House of Commons unless they maintained higher standards. Corbyn responded, saying that: "It's not a fashion parade, it's not a gentleman's club, it's not a bankers' institute, it's a place where the people are represented."<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In 1990, Corbyn opposed the <a href="/wiki/Poll_tax_(Great_Britain)" title="Poll tax (Great Britain)">poll tax</a> (formally known as the Community Charge)<a href="#cite_note-Benn2013-70">[70]</a> and nearly went to jail for not paying the tax.<a href="#cite_note-Prince-62">[62]</a> He appeared in court the following year as a result.<a href="#cite_note-BBCdivorce-71">[71]</a> Corbyn supported the campaign to overturn the convictions of Jawad Botmeh and Samar Alami for the <a href="/wiki/1994_London_Israeli_Embassy_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="1994 London Israeli Embassy attack">1994 bombing of the Israeli Embassy in London</a> which argued that there was insufficient evidence to tie them to the act, along with <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unison" title="Unison">Unison</a> and a number of journalists and other MPs. Botmeh and Alami had admitted possessing explosives and guns but denied they were for use in Britain. The convictions were upheld by the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Appeal of England and Wales">High Court of Justice</a> in 2001 and by the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a> in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-DT2-72">[72]</a> Corbyn sat on the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Social_Security_(United_Kingdom)" title="Department of Social Security (United Kingdom)">Social Security Select Committee</a> from 1992 to 1997.<a href="#cite_note-ParliamentBiography-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Irish_politics">Irish politics</h4></div> A longstanding supporter of a <a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">united Ireland</a>, in the 1980s Corbyn met <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a> a number of times.<a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> Corbyn consistently stated that he maintained links with Sinn Fein in order to work for a resolution to the armed conflict.<a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a>, Corbyn was involved in over 72 events connected with Sinn Féin or other pro-republican groups during the period of the IRA's paramilitary campaign.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Corbyn met Adams at the 1983 and 1989 Labour conferences (facilitated by pro-<a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">IRA</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Action" title="Red Action">Red Action</a>)<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> and in 1983 at Westminster, along with a number of other Labour MPs.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In 1984, Corbyn and Ken Livingstone invited Adams, two convicted IRA volunteers and other members of Sinn Féin to Westminster.<a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> He was criticised by the Labour Party leadership for the meeting, which took place two weeks after the IRA's <a href="/wiki/Brighton_hotel_bombing" title="Brighton hotel bombing">bombing</a> of the Conservative Party leadership that killed five people.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> During the 1980s he campaigned on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Guildford_Four" class="mw-redirect" title="Guildford Four">Guildford Four</a> and <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Six" title="Birmingham Six">Birmingham Six</a>, who were wrongly convicted of responsibility for IRA bombings in England in the mid-1970s.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-BirmBT-83">[83]</a> In 1986, Corbyn was arrested with 15 demonstrators protesting against what they saw as weak evidence and poor treatment during the trial of a group of IRA members including <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Magee_(Irish_republican)" title="Patrick Magee (Irish republican)">Patrick Magee</a>, who was convicted of the Brighton hotel bombing and other attacks. After refusing police requests to move from outside the court, Corbyn and the other protesters were arrested for obstruction and held for five hours before being released on bail, but were not charged.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> In 1987, Corbyn attended a commemoration by the <a href="/wiki/Wolfe_Tone_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfe Tone Society">Wolfe Tone Society</a> in London for eight IRA members who were killed by <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> soldiers <a href="/wiki/Loughgall_ambush" title="Loughgall ambush">while attacking</a> a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a> police station in <a href="/wiki/Loughgall" title="Loughgall">Loughgall</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Armagh" title="County Armagh">County Armagh</a>. At the commemoration, he told his fellow attendees that "I'm happy to commemorate all those who died fighting for an independent Ireland" and attacked the British government's policies in Northern Ireland, calling for all British troops to be withdrawn from the region.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-mi5-86">[86]</a> Corbyn subsequently said that he had attended the event, which included a <a href="/wiki/Minute_of_silence" class="mw-redirect" title="Minute of silence">minute of silence</a> for the eight IRA members, to "call for a peace and dialogue process".<a href="#cite_note-ft30517-87">[87]</a> He voted against the 1985 <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Agreement" title="Anglo-Irish Agreement">Anglo-Irish Agreement</a>, saying "We believe that the agreement strengthens rather than weakens the border between the six and the 26 counties, and those of us who wish to see a United Ireland oppose the agreement for that reason."<a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> In the early 1990s, <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">MI5</a> opened a file on Corbyn to monitor his links to the IRA.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph-mi5-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> In 1994, Corbyn signed a Commons motion condemning the 1974 <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_pub_bombings" title="Birmingham pub bombings">Birmingham pub bombings</a>, which killed 21 people.<a href="#cite_note-ft30517-87">[87]</a> A short time after IRA plans to bomb London were foiled in 1996, Corbyn invited Adams to the House of Commons for a press conference to promote Adams' autobiography, Before the Dawn. Shadow Northern Ireland Secretary <a href="/wiki/Mo_Mowlam" title="Mo Mowlam">Mo Mowlam</a> and Labour leader <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> condemned the invitation, with Mowlam arguing that it was detrimental to the peace process, and Blair threatening disciplinary action.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Adams cancelled the event, to save further embarrassment to Corbyn and to avoid negative publicity.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> In 1998, he voted for the <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a>, saying he looked forward to "peace, hope and reconciliation in Ireland in the future."<a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> In 2017, Corbyn said that he had "never met the IRA", although Shadow Home Secretary <a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a> later clarified that although he had met members of the IRA, "he met with them in their capacity as activists in Sinn Fein".<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labour_in_government_(1997–2010)">Labour in government (1997–2010)</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn,_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Jeremy_Corbyn%2C_2006.jpg/179px-Jeremy_Corbyn%2C_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Jeremy_Corbyn%2C_2006.jpg/268px-Jeremy_Corbyn%2C_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Jeremy_Corbyn%2C_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="417" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn on the backbenches in 2006</figcaption></figure> Between 1997 and 2010, during the <a href="/wiki/New_Labour" title="New Labour">New Labour</a> governments, Corbyn was the Labour MP who voted most often against the party whip, including <a href="/wiki/Three-line_whip" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-line whip">three-line whip</a> votes. In 2005 he was identified as the second most rebellious Labour MP of all time during the New Labour governments.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> He was the most rebellious Labour MP in the 1997–2001 Parliament,<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> the 2001–2005 Parliament<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> and the 2005–2010 Parliament, defying the whip 428 times while Labour was in power.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jacobin_(magazine)" title="Jacobin (magazine)">Jacobin</a> described him as "a figure who for decades challenged them [Labour Party elites] from the backbench as one of the most rebellious left-wing members of parliament".<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Corbyn has called for <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> to be investigated for alleged <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War_documents_leak" title="Iraq War documents leak">war crimes during the Iraq War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In July 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Chilcot_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilcot Report">Chilcot Report</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Inquiry" title="Iraq Inquiry">Iraq Inquiry</a> was issued, criticising Blair for joining the United States in the war against Iraq. Subsequently, Corbyn – who had voted against military action against Iraq – gave a speech in Westminster commenting: "I now apologise sincerely on behalf of my party for the disastrous decision to go to war in Iraq in March 2003" which he called an "act of military aggression launched on a false pretext" something that has "long been regarded as illegal by the overwhelming weight of international opinion".<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Corbyn specifically apologised to "the people of Iraq"; to the families of British soldiers who died in Iraq or returned injured; and to "the millions of British citizens who feel our democracy was traduced and undermined by the way in which the decision to go to war was taken on."<a href="#cite_note-Corbyn-101">[101]</a> Corbyn sat on the <a href="/wiki/London_Regional_Select_Committee" title="London Regional Select Committee">London Regional Select Committee</a> from 2009 to 2010.<a href="#cite_note-ParliamentBiography-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Stop_the_War_Coalition_and_anti-war_activism">Stop the War Coalition and anti-war activism</h4></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_speaks_at_anti-drones_rally,_27_April_2013_(8689096394).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_speaks_at_anti-drones_rally%2C_27_April_2013_%288689096394%29.jpg/192px-Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_speaks_at_anti-drones_rally%2C_27_April_2013_%288689096394%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_speaks_at_anti-drones_rally%2C_27_April_2013_%288689096394%29.jpg/288px-Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_speaks_at_anti-drones_rally%2C_27_April_2013_%288689096394%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_speaks_at_anti-drones_rally%2C_27_April_2013_%288689096394%29.jpg/384px-Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_speaks_at_anti-drones_rally%2C_27_April_2013_%288689096394%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn speaking at an anti-<a href="/wiki/Drone_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Drone strike">drone strike</a> rally organised by the <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a> in 2013</figcaption></figure> In October 2001, Corbyn was elected to the steering committee of the <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a>, which was formed to oppose the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">War in Afghanistan</a> which started later that year. In 2002, Corbyn reported unrest : "there is disquiet...about issues of foreign policy" among some members of the Labour party. He cited "the deployment of troops to Afghanistan and the threat of bombing Iraq" as examples.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> He was vehemently opposed to Britain's involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a> in 2003, and spoke at dozens of anti-war rallies in Britain and overseas. He spoke at the <a href="/wiki/February_15,_2003_anti-war_protest" class="mw-redirect" title="February 15, 2003 anti-war protest">February anti-Iraq War protest</a> which was said to be the largest such protest in British political history.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> At the same time, he expressed support for the Iraqi insurgency and the Palestinian intifada when he signed the second Cairo Declaration in December 2003, which said "The Iraqis themselves are now engaged in a titanic struggle to rid their country of occupying forces. The Palestinian intifada continues under the most difficult circumstances. The US administration threatens Iran and other countries on a daily basis. Now is the time to draw together the forces of resistance in the Arab world and from around the globe."<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> In 2006, Corbyn was one of 12 Labour MPs to support <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a>'s call for a <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Inquiry" title="Iraq Inquiry">parliamentary inquiry into the Iraq War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> He was elected chair of the coalition in succession to <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Murray_(trade_unionist)" title="Andrew Murray (trade unionist)">Andrew Murray</a> in September 2011, but resigned once he became <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader of the Labour Party</a> in September 2015.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Parliamentary_groups_and_activism">Parliamentary groups and activism</h4></div> Corbyn is a member of a number of Parliamentary Trade Union Groups: he is sponsored by several trade unions, including <a href="/wiki/UNISON" class="mw-redirect" title="UNISON">UNISON</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unite_the_Union" title="Unite the Union">Unite</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Rail,_Maritime_and_Transport_Workers" class="mw-redirect" title="National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers">National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers</a>. He is a supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Unite_Against_Fascism" title="Unite Against Fascism">Unite Against Fascism</a> pressure group. Corbyn was chair of the <a href="/wiki/All-Party_Parliamentary_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="All-Party Parliamentary Group">All-Party Parliamentary Group</a> (APPG) on the <a href="/wiki/Chagos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Chagos Islands">Chagos Islands</a>, chair of the APPG on Mexico, Vice-Chair of the APPG on Latin America and vice-chair of the APPG on Human Rights. He has advocated for the rights of the forcibly removed <a href="/wiki/Chagossians" title="Chagossians">Chagossians</a> to return to the <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_People%27s_Assembly_National_Demonstration_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_21_June_2014_124.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/The_People%27s_Assembly_National_Demonstration_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_21_June_2014_124.jpg/220px-The_People%27s_Assembly_National_Demonstration_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_21_June_2014_124.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/The_People%27s_Assembly_National_Demonstration_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_21_June_2014_124.jpg/330px-The_People%27s_Assembly_National_Demonstration_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_21_June_2014_124.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/The_People%27s_Assembly_National_Demonstration_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_21_June_2014_124.jpg/440px-The_People%27s_Assembly_National_Demonstration_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_21_June_2014_124.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1735" data-file-height="1402" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn addressing London's <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Assembly_Against_Austerity" title="People's Assembly Against Austerity">People's Assembly</a> Demonstration in June 2014</figcaption></figure> Corbyn appeared on a call-in show on <a href="/wiki/Press_TV" title="Press TV">Press TV</a>, an Iranian government television channel, several times between 2009 and 2012. He was criticised for appearing on the channel in light of Iran executing and imprisoning homosexuals, as well as Corbyn not questioning contributors who called the BBC "Zionist liars" and described Israel as a "disease".<a href="#cite_note-times02092016-108">[108]</a> Corbyn said in response that he used the programme to address "human rights issues" and that his appearance fee was "not an enormous amount" and was used to help meet constituency office costs.<a href="#cite_note-Payne-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-times02092016-108">[108]</a> Corbyn's final appearance was six months after the network was fined by <a href="/wiki/Ofcom" title="Ofcom">Ofcom</a> for its part in filming an interview with <a href="/wiki/Maziar_Bahari" title="Maziar Bahari">Maziar Bahari</a>, an Iranian journalist, saying the interview had been held under duress and after torture.<a href="#cite_note-Payne-109">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labour_in_opposition_(2010–2015)">Labour in opposition (2010–2015)</h3></div> In the <a href="/wiki/2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2010 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2010 Labour Party leadership election</a>, Corbyn supported Diane Abbott in the first round in which she was eliminated; thereafter, he supported <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Corbyn was one of 16 signatories to an open letter to Ed Miliband in January 2015 calling for Labour to make a commitment to <a href="/wiki/Anti-austerity_movement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Anti-austerity movement in the United Kingdom">opposing further austerity</a>, to take <a href="/wiki/Rail_franchising_in_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail franchising in Great Britain">rail franchises</a> back into <a href="/wiki/Renationalisation_of_British_Rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Renationalisation of British Rail">public ownership</a>, and to strengthen <a href="/wiki/Collective_bargaining" title="Collective bargaining">collective bargaining</a> arrangements.<a href="#cite_note-plan-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Corbyn sat on the <a href="/wiki/Justice_Select_Committee" title="Justice Select Committee">Justice Select Committee</a> from 2010 to 2015.<a href="#cite_note-ParliamentBiography-73">[73]</a> Before becoming party leader Corbyn had been returned as member of Parliament for Islington North seven times, gaining 60.24% of the vote and a majority of 21,194 in the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 general election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadership_elections">Leadership elections</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_crop_2.jpg/220px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_crop_2.jpg/330px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_crop_2.jpg/440px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1554" data-file-height="2072" /></a><figcaption>Official portrait, 2017</figcaption></figure> Following the Labour Party's defeat at the general election on 7 May 2015, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a> resigned as its party leader, triggering a <a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">leadership election</a>. Corbyn decided to stand as a candidate, having been disillusioned by the lack of a left-wing voice, and said to his local newspaper, The <a href="/wiki/Islington_Tribune" title="Islington Tribune">Islington Tribune</a>, that he would have a "clear anti-austerity platform". He also said he would vote to scrap the Trident nuclear weapons system and would "seek to withdraw from Nato". He suggested that Britain should establish a national investment bank to boost house-building and improve economic growth and lift wages in areas that had less investment in infrastructure. He would also aim to eliminate the current budget deficit over time and restore the 50p top rate of income tax.<a href="#cite_note-Gn1508072-114">[114]</a> He added: "This decision is in response to an overwhelming call by Labour Party members who want to see a broader range of candidates and a thorough debate about the future of the party. I am standing to give Labour Party members a voice in this debate".<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News_3_June_20152-115">[115]</a> He indicated that, if he were elected, policies that he put forward would need to be approved by party members before being adopted and that he wanted to "implement the democratic will of our party".<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> The other candidates were Shadow Home Secretary <a href="/wiki/Yvette_Cooper" title="Yvette Cooper">Yvette Cooper</a>, Shadow Health Secretary <a href="/wiki/Andy_Burnham" title="Andy Burnham">Andy Burnham</a> and Shadow Care Minister <a href="/wiki/Liz_Kendall" title="Liz Kendall">Liz Kendall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Several who nominated Corbyn later said they had ensured he had enough votes to stand, more to widen the political debate within the party than because of a desire or expectation that he would win.<a href="#cite_note-nominators2-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-Corbyn_nominees_opposed2-120">[120]</a> At the Second Reading of the <a href="/wiki/Welfare_Reform_and_Work_Bill" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare Reform and Work Bill">Welfare Reform and Work Bill</a> in July 2015, Corbyn joined 47 Labour MPs to oppose the Bill, describing it as "rotten and indefensible", whilst the other three leadership candidates abstained under direction from interim leader Harriet Harman.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> In August 2015, he called on <a href="/wiki/Iain_Duncan_Smith" title="Iain Duncan Smith">Iain Duncan Smith</a> to resign as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Secretary of State for Work and Pensions">Secretary of State for Work and Pensions</a> after it was reported that thousands of disabled people had died after being found fit to work by <a href="/wiki/Work_Capability_Assessment" title="Work Capability Assessment">Work Capability Assessments</a> (instituted in 2008) between 2011 and 2014, although this was challenged by the government and by FullFact who said that the figure included those who had died and therefore their claim had ended, rather than being found fit for work.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> Corbyn rapidly became the frontrunner among the candidates and was perceived to benefit from a large influx of new members. Hundreds of supporters turned out to hear him speak at the <a href="/wiki/Husting" title="Husting">hustings</a> across the nation and their enthusiastic reception and support for him was dubbed "Corbynmania" by the press.<a href="#cite_note-LPP2-124">[124]</a> Membership numbers continued to climb after the start of his leadership.<a href="#cite_note-ibtimes-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-20150812-125">[125]</a> In addition, following a rule change under Miliband, members of the public who supported Labour's aims and values could join the party as "registered supporters" for £3 and be entitled to vote in the election.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> There was speculation that the rule change would lead to Corbyn being elected by registered supporters without majority support from ordinary members.<a href="#cite_note-IndyIndy2-127">[127]</a> He was elected party leader in a landslide victory on 12 September 2015 with 59.5% of first-preference votes in the first round of voting.<a href="#cite_note-Mason2-128">[128]</a> He would have won in the first round with 51% of votes, even without "£3 registered supporters", having gained the support of 49.6% of full members and 57.6% of affiliated supporters.<a href="#cite_note-IndyIndy2-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> His 40.5% majority was a larger proportional majority than that attained by Tony Blair in <a href="/wiki/1994_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1994 Labour Party leadership election">1994</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mason2-128">[128]</a> His margin of victory was said to be "the largest mandate ever won by a party leader".<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> An internal Labour Party report, entitled <a href="/wiki/The_work_of_the_Labour_Party%27s_Governance_and_Legal_Unit_in_relation_to_antisemitism,_2014%E2%80%932019" title="The work of the Labour Party's Governance and Legal Unit in relation to antisemitism, 2014–2019">The work of the Labour Party's Governance and Legal Unit in relation to antisemitism, 2014–2019</a>, was leaked to the media in April 2020. The report stated that during the 2015 and 2016 leadership contests, staff members at Labour party headquarters looked for ways to exclude from voting members who they believed would vote for Corbyn. The staff members referred to this activity as "<a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">trot</a> busting", "bashing trots" and "trot spotting".<a href="#cite_note-independent130420-132">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Corbynmania">Corbynmania</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_rally_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Jeremy_Corbyn_rally_2016.jpg/220px-Jeremy_Corbyn_rally_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Jeremy_Corbyn_rally_2016.jpg/330px-Jeremy_Corbyn_rally_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Jeremy_Corbyn_rally_2016.jpg/440px-Jeremy_Corbyn_rally_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1496" /></a><figcaption>A rally in <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> during Corbyn's <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">leadership campaign in 2016</a>. Corbyn returned to College Green in 2019 for an election rally but his reception was then less enthusiastic.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></figcaption></figure> Corbyn was initially viewed as a <a href="/wiki/Tokenism#In_politics" title="Tokenism">token candidate</a> for the left wing of the party and not expected to win. However, many new, young party members, who had joined after the membership fee had been reduced to £3, were attracted by what they saw as Corbyn's <a href="/wiki/Authentic_leadership" title="Authentic leadership">authentic</a>, informal style and radical policies.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> Hundreds of supporters turned out to hear him speak at the <a href="/wiki/Husting" title="Husting">hustings</a> across the nation and their enthusiastic reception and support for him was dubbed "Corbynmania" by the press.<a href="#cite_note-LPP2-124">[124]</a> Jonathan Dean characterised Corbynmania as a political <a href="/wiki/Fandom" title="Fandom">fandom</a>, comparable with the enthusiastic followings of popular media stars and other modern politicians such as <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>. Specific features included use of the #jezwecan <a href="/wiki/Hashtag" title="Hashtag">hashtag</a>, attendance at rallies and the posting of pictures such as <a href="/wiki/Selfie" title="Selfie">selfies</a> on social media. Artistic, merchandising and other activity consolidated and spread this fannish enthusiasm. This included a "Jeremy Corbyn for Prime Minister" (JC4PM) tour by celebrities such as <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Church" title="Charlotte Church">Charlotte Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hardy" title="Jeremy Hardy">Jeremy Hardy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maxine_Peake" title="Maxine Peake">Maxine Peake</a>; a Corbyn superhero comic book; mash-ups and videos. Many of Corbyn's supporters felt he possessed personal qualities such as earnestness and modesty leading them to develop a sense of emotional attachment to him as individual. These were seen as cultish by critics such as <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Margaret Beckett</a> who said in 2016 that the Labour Party had been turned into the "Jeremy Corbyn Fan Club".<a href="#cite_note-Dean-135">[135]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Chant" title="Chant">chant</a> of "Oh, Jeremy Corbyn" was adopted as an anthem or chorus by his supporters. Sung in the style of a <a href="/wiki/Football_chant" title="Football chant">football chant</a> to the tune of a <a href="/wiki/Riff" title="Riff">riff</a> from "<a href="/wiki/Seven_Nation_Army#"Oh_Jeremy_Corbyn"" title="Seven Nation Army">Seven Nation Army</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_White_Stripes" title="The White Stripes">The White Stripes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> it attracted special attention at the <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival_2017" title="Glastonbury Festival 2017">Glastonbury Festival 2017</a>, where Corbyn appeared and spoke to the crowds.<a href="#cite_note-G-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-T-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-E-139">[139]</a> Labour's weaker-than-expected performance in the <a href="/wiki/2018_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2018 United Kingdom local elections">2018 local elections</a> led to suggestions that Corbynmania had peaked.<a href="#cite_note-E-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership_of_the_Labour_Party_(2015–2020)">Leadership of the Labour Party (2015–2020)</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_leadership_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Labour Party leadership of Jeremy Corbyn">Labour Party leadership of Jeremy Corbyn</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_term_as_Leader_of_the_Opposition_(2015–2017)">First term as Leader of the Opposition (2015–2017)</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Corbyn_trident.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Corbyn_trident.jpg/220px-Corbyn_trident.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Corbyn_trident.jpg/330px-Corbyn_trident.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Corbyn_trident.jpg/440px-Corbyn_trident.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn speaking at the #StopTrident rally at <a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Square" title="Trafalgar Square">Trafalgar Square</a> on 27 February 2016</figcaption></figure> After being elected leader, Corbyn became <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Official Opposition</a> and shortly thereafter his appointment to the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Privy Council</a> was announced.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> In Corbyn's first <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Questions" title="Prime Minister's Questions">Prime Minister's Questions</a> session as leader, he broke with the traditional format by asking the Prime Minister six questions he had received from members of the public, the result of his invitation to Labour Party members to send suggestions, for which he received around 40,000 emails.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> Corbyn stressed his desire to reduce the "theatrical" nature of the House of Commons, and his début was described in a <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">Guardian</a> editorial as "a good start" and a "long overdue" change to the tone of PMQs.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> He delivered his first Labour Party Conference address as leader on 29 September 2015.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> Party membership nearly doubled between the May 2015 election and October 2015, attributed largely to the election as leader of Corbyn.<a href="#cite_note-ibtimes-3">[3]</a> In September 2015 an unnamed senior serving general in the British Army stated that a mutiny by the Army could occur if a future Corbyn government moved to scrap Trident, pull out of Nato or reduce the size of the armed forces. The general said "the Army just wouldn't stand for it. The general staff would not allow a prime minister to jeopardise the security of this country and I think people would use whatever means possible, fair or foul to prevent that. You can't put a maverick in charge of a country's security".<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> In July 2016, a study and analysis by academics from the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a> of national newspaper articles about Corbyn in the first months of his leadership of Labour showed that 75% of them either distorted or failed to represent his actual views on subjects.<a href="#cite_note-independent12-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-independent22-148">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017_general_election">2017 general election</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg/220px-Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg/330px-Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg/440px-Labour_Party_General_Election_Launch_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="313" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn with members of his <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Cabinet">Shadow Cabinet</a> in <a href="/wiki/EventCity" title="EventCity">EventCity</a>, Greater Manchester, at the Labour Party 2017 General Election Launch</figcaption></figure> The Labour campaign in the <a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">2017 general election</a> focused on social issues such as health care, education and ending austerity.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Corbyn's election campaign was run under the slogan "For the Many, Not the Few"<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> and featured rallies with a large audience and connected with a <a href="/wiki/Grassroots" title="Grassroots">grassroots</a> following for the party, including appearing on stage in front of a crowd of 20,000 at the Wirral Live Festival in <a href="/wiki/Prenton_Park" title="Prenton Park">Prenton Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> Although Labour started the campaign as far as 20 points behind, and again finished as the second largest party in parliament, it increased its share of the popular vote to 40%, resulting in a net gain of 30 seats and a hung parliament. This was its greatest vote share since <a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a>. It was the first time Labour had made a net gain of seats since 1997, and the party's 9.6% increase in vote share was its largest in a single general election since 1945.<a href="#cite_note-ftge20172-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> This was partly attributed to the popularity of its 2017 Manifesto that promised to scrap tuition fees, address public sector pay, make housing more affordable, end austerity, nationalise the railways and provide school students with free lunches.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019_general_election_and_resignation">2019 general election and resignation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 United Kingdom general election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Launching_the_2019_General_Election_campaign_(49013452132).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Launching_the_2019_General_Election_campaign_%2849013452132%29.jpg/220px-Launching_the_2019_General_Election_campaign_%2849013452132%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Launching_the_2019_General_Election_campaign_%2849013452132%29.jpg/330px-Launching_the_2019_General_Election_campaign_%2849013452132%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Launching_the_2019_General_Election_campaign_%2849013452132%29.jpg/440px-Launching_the_2019_General_Election_campaign_%2849013452132%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6495" data-file-height="4330" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn launching the Labour Party's <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 general election</a> campaign</figcaption></figure> In May 2019, <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> announced her resignation and stood down as prime minister in July, following the election of her replacement, former <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbc_pm_announcement-158">[158]</a> Corbyn said that Labour was ready to fight an election against Johnson.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_at_Nottingham_Castle_(49168555938).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Jeremy_Corbyn_at_Nottingham_Castle_%2849168555938%29.jpg/220px-Jeremy_Corbyn_at_Nottingham_Castle_%2849168555938%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Jeremy_Corbyn_at_Nottingham_Castle_%2849168555938%29.jpg/330px-Jeremy_Corbyn_at_Nottingham_Castle_%2849168555938%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Jeremy_Corbyn_at_Nottingham_Castle_%2849168555938%29.jpg/440px-Jeremy_Corbyn_at_Nottingham_Castle_%2849168555938%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4670" data-file-height="3351" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn campaigning in the 2019 general election at <a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Castle" title="Nottingham Castle">Nottingham Castle</a></figcaption></figure> The 2019 Labour Party Manifesto included policies to increase funding for health, negotiate a Brexit deal and hold a referendum giving a choice between the deal and remain, raise the minimum wage, stop the pension age increase, nationalise key industries, and replace <a href="/wiki/Universal_credit" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal credit">universal credit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> Due to the plans to nationalise the "big six" energy firms, the National Grid, the water industry, Royal Mail, the railways and the broadband arm of BT, the 2019 manifesto was widely considered as the most radical in several decades, more closely resembling Labour's politics of the 1970s than subsequent decades.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> During the campaign for the upcoming general elections, Corbyn was accused by the <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Council_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu Council UK">Hindu Council UK</a> of promoting <a href="/wiki/Anti-Hindu_sentiment" title="Anti-Hindu sentiment">anti-Hindu sentiments</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> following his disparaging comments on the <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">caste system</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> & his condemnation of the <a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindu-right</a> wing <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> led Indian government's <a href="/wiki/Revocation_of_the_special_status_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir">revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir</a>.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> Many <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hinduism in the United Kingdom">Hindus living in the UK</a> saw Corbyn's attitude towards Hindus to be heavily influenced by <a href="/wiki/British_Pakistanis" title="British Pakistanis">Pakistani</a> <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Islam in the United Kingdom">Muslim</a> leaders of his party,<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> with whom he shared a common pro-Palestinian stance. The <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 general election</a> was the worst defeat in seats for Labour since 1935, with Labour winning just 202 out of 650 seats, their fourth successive election defeat.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> At 32.2%, Labour's share of the vote was down around eight points on the 2017 general election and is lower than that achieved by Neil Kinnock in 1992, although it was higher than in 2010 and 2015. In the aftermath, opinions differed to why the Labour Party was defeated to the extent it was. The Shadow Chancellor <a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a> largely blamed <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">media representation</a> of the party.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> argued that the party's unclear position on Brexit and the economic policy pursued by the Corbyn leadership were to blame.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> Following the Labour Party's unsuccessful performance in the 2019 general election, Corbyn <a href="/wiki/Concession_(politics)" title="Concession (politics)">conceded defeat</a> and stated that he intended to step down as leader following the election of a successor and that he would not lead the party into the next election.<a href="#cite_note-Reflection-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> Corbyn himself was re-elected for Islington North with 64.3% of the vote share and a majority of 26,188 votes over the runner-up candidate representing the Liberal Democrats, with Labour's share of the vote falling by 8.7%.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> described the results as a "realignment" of UK politics as the Conservative landslide took many traditionally Labour seats in England and Wales.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> Corbyn insisted that he had "pride in the manifesto" that Labour put forward and blamed the defeat on Brexit.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> According to polling by the Conservative peer <a href="/wiki/Lord_Ashcroft" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Ashcroft">Lord Ashcroft</a>, Corbyn was himself a major contribution to the party's defeat.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> Corbyn remained Labour leader for four months while the <a href="/wiki/2020_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2020 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">leadership election</a> to replace him took place. His resignation as Labour leader formally took effect in April 2020 following the election of <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-leadership">Post-leadership</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="EHRC_report_and_suspension">EHRC report and suspension</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PMQs_22.04.2020_-_Rt_Hon_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_(Islington_North).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/PMQs_22.04.2020_-_Rt_Hon_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_%28Islington_North%29.jpg/220px-PMQs_22.04.2020_-_Rt_Hon_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_%28Islington_North%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/PMQs_22.04.2020_-_Rt_Hon_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_%28Islington_North%29.jpg/330px-PMQs_22.04.2020_-_Rt_Hon_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_%28Islington_North%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/PMQs_22.04.2020_-_Rt_Hon_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_%28Islington_North%29.jpg/440px-PMQs_22.04.2020_-_Rt_Hon_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_%28Islington_North%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5568" data-file-height="3712" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn sits on the <a href="/wiki/Backbencher" title="Backbencher">backbenches</a> in his first <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Questions" title="Prime Minister's Questions">Prime Minister's Questions</a> since his resignation as Labour leader, 22 April 2020</figcaption></figure> Allegations of antisemitism within the party grew during Corbyn's leadership. Incidents involving <a href="/wiki/Naz_Shah" title="Naz Shah">Naz Shah</a> in 2014 and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Livingstone" title="Ken Livingstone">Ken Livingstone</a> in 2016 resulted in their suspension from party membership pending investigation. In response, Corbyn established the <a href="/wiki/Chakrabarti_Inquiry" title="Chakrabarti Inquiry">Chakrabarti Inquiry</a>, which concluded that while the party was not "overrun by anti-Semitism or other forms of racism", there was an "occasionally toxic atmosphere" and "clear evidence of ignorant attitudes".<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> In 2017, Labour Party rules were amended to categorize <a href="/wiki/Hate_speech" title="Hate speech">hate speech</a>, including antisemitism, as a disciplinary matter. In 2018, Corbyn faced scrutiny for his response in 2012 to an allegedly antisemitic mural and for his association with Facebook groups, mainly pro-Palestinian, containing antisemitic posts. Labour's <a href="/wiki/National_Executive_Committee_of_the_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="National Executive Committee of the Labour Party">National Executive Committee</a> (NEC) adopted a definition of antisemitism, for disciplinary purposes, in July of that year, aligning with the <a href="/wiki/International_Holocaust_Remembrance_Alliance" title="International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance">International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance</a> (IHRA) <a href="/wiki/Working_Definition_of_Antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Working Definition of Antisemitism">Working Definition</a>, with modified examples related to criticism of Israel.<a href="#cite_note-bbcihra-179">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> In September 2018, the NEC incorporated all 11 IHRA examples, unamended, into the party's code of conduct.<a href="#cite_note-SabSep18-181">[181]</a> In May 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Equality_and_Human_Rights_Commission" title="Equality and Human Rights Commission">Equality and Human Rights Commission</a> (EHRC) launched an inquiry into whether Labour had "unlawfully discriminated against, harassed or victimised people because they are Jewish". After asserting that the scale of antisemitism had been overstated for political reasons, Corbyn was suspended from the party in 2020. The Forde Report, written by lawyer Martin Forde in response to the dossier that was leaked in April 2020 (<a href="/wiki/The_work_of_the_Labour_Party%27s_Governance_and_Legal_Unit_in_relation_to_antisemitism,_2014%E2%80%932019" title="The work of the Labour Party's Governance and Legal Unit in relation to antisemitism, 2014–2019">The work of the Labour Party's Governance and Legal Unit in relation to antisemitism, 2014–2019</a>), was released on 19 July 2022, stating that: "[R]ather than confront the paramount need to deal with the profoundly serious issue of anti-Semitism in the party, both factions treated it as a factional weapon."<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> It also described senior Labour staff as having displayed "deplorably factional and insensitive, and at times discriminatory, attitudes" towards Corbyn and his supporters,<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> and detailed concerns by some staff about a "hierarchy of racism" in the party which ignored Black people.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> The report also expressed regret that Corbyn himself did not engage with the authors' request to interview him.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> Responding to this, Corbyn's former advisor <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fisher_(political_activist)" title="Andrew Fisher (political activist)">Andrew Fisher</a> wrote: "Forde confirms that reflection is necessary. Cultural change requires painstaking work, not glib assertions of change."<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> Corbyn himself stated that report "calls into question the behaviour of senior officials in the party, in particular during the 2017 election" and that "wrongs must be righted".<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peace_and_Justice_Project">Peace and Justice Project</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Justice_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace and Justice Project">Peace and Justice Project</a></div> On 13 December 2020, Corbyn announced the Project for Peace and Justice. Corbyn launched the project on 17 January 2021, and its affiliates include <a href="/wiki/Christine_Blower" class="mw-redirect" title="Christine Blower">Christine Blower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Len_McCluskey" title="Len McCluskey">Len McCluskey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zarah_Sultana" title="Zarah Sultana">Zarah Sultana</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Correa" title="Rafael Correa">Rafael Correa</a> said that he "welcome[d] the creation" of the project.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stop_the_War_Coalition_statement_on_Ukraine_crisis">Stop the War Coalition statement on Ukraine crisis</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_-_Stand_Up_To_Racism_(51952400403)_(cropped_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Jeremy_Corbyn_-_Stand_Up_To_Racism_%2851952400403%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/220px-Jeremy_Corbyn_-_Stand_Up_To_Racism_%2851952400403%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Jeremy_Corbyn_-_Stand_Up_To_Racism_%2851952400403%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/330px-Jeremy_Corbyn_-_Stand_Up_To_Racism_%2851952400403%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Jeremy_Corbyn_-_Stand_Up_To_Racism_%2851952400403%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/440px-Jeremy_Corbyn_-_Stand_Up_To_Racism_%2851952400403%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2293" data-file-height="2235" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn addresses the March Against Racism in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Square" title="Parliament Square">Parliament Square</a>, March 2022</figcaption></figure> On 18 February 2022, in the week before the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Corbyn alongside 11 Labour MPs cosigned a statement from the <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a> opposing any war in Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-20220224guardian-194">[194]</a> The statement said that "the crisis should be settled on a basis which recognises the right of the Ukrainian people to self-determination and addresses Russia's security concerns", that NATO "should call a halt to its eastward expansion", and that the British government's sending of arms to Ukraine and troops to eastern Europe served "no purpose other than inflaming tensions and indicating disdain for Russian concerns".<a href="#cite_note-20220218-stwc-195">[195]</a> The statement's authors also said that they "refute [sic] the idea that NATO is a defensive alliance".<a href="#cite_note-20220218-stwc-195">[195]</a> On the evening of 24 February, the first day of the invasion, Labour chief whip <a href="/wiki/Alan_Campbell_(politician)" title="Alan Campbell (politician)">Alan Campbell</a> wrote to all 11 Labour MPs who had signed the statement, requesting that they withdraw their signatures.<a href="#cite_note-20220224guardian-194">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-20200225-independent-196">[196]</a> All 11 agreed to do so the same evening.<a href="#cite_note-20220224guardian-194">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-20200225-independent-196">[196]</a> Corbyn and fellow former Labour independent MP <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Webbe" title="Claudia Webbe">Claudia Webbe</a> did not withdraw their signatures from the statement, though <a href="/wiki/David_Lammy" title="David Lammy">David Lammy</a> urged Corbyn to do so.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expulsion_from_the_Labour_Party_and_2024_general_election">Expulsion from the Labour Party and 2024 general election</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Islington_North_in_the_2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Islington North in the 2024 United Kingdom general election">Islington North in the 2024 United Kingdom general election</a></div> Media speculation that Corbyn would contest the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 general election</a> as an Independent was reported in October 2023.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> Despite "unanimous support" from his <a href="/wiki/Constituency_Labour_Party" title="Constituency Labour Party">Constituency Labour Party</a> (CLP),<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> Corbyn was not permitted to stand as a Labour parliamentary candidate. After announcing on 24 May 2024 that he would stand as an independent parliamentary candidate for Islington North, he was fully expelled from the Labour Party.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> He was endorsed by <a href="/wiki/Mick_Lynch_(trade_unionist)" title="Mick Lynch (trade unionist)">Mick Lynch</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Rail,_Maritime_and_Transport_Workers" class="mw-redirect" title="National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers">National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> Corbyn responded to Keir Starmer's claim of knowing the party would lose the 2019 election by saying "Well, he never said that to me, at any time. And so I just think rewriting history is no help. It shows double standards, shall we say, that he now says he always thought that but he never said it at the time or anything about it. He was part of the campaign. He and I spoke together at events and I find it actually quite sad."<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> Leading members of the Islington North CLP resigned in order to support Corbyn, while also criticising the manner in which Nargund was selected as Islington North's candidate.<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a> Corbyn was comfortably re-elected as an independent, even as Labour won a landslide victory in the general election. His majority over Nargund was over 7,000.<a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Policies_and_views">Policies and views</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Political positions of Jeremy Corbyn">Political positions of Jeremy Corbyn</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leader_of_the_Opposition_(51184221345).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Leader_of_the_Opposition_%2851184221345%29.jpg/220px-Leader_of_the_Opposition_%2851184221345%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Leader_of_the_Opposition_%2851184221345%29.jpg/330px-Leader_of_the_Opposition_%2851184221345%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Leader_of_the_Opposition_%2851184221345%29.jpg/440px-Leader_of_the_Opposition_%2851184221345%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5633" data-file-height="3752" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn at a march for Palestine in <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> in 2021</figcaption></figure> Corbyn self-identifies as a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Settle-2">[2]</a> He has also been referred to as a "mainstream [Scandinavian] <a href="/wiki/Social_democrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Social democrat">social democrat</a>".<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> He advocates reversing <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_government_austerity_programme" title="United Kingdom government austerity programme">austerity cuts</a> to public services and some welfare funding made since 2010, as well as <a href="/wiki/Renationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Renationalisation">renationalisation</a> of public utilities and <a href="/wiki/Renationalisation_of_British_Rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Renationalisation of British Rail">the railways</a>.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> A longstanding <a href="/wiki/Anti-war" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-war">anti-war</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-nuclear" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-nuclear">anti-nuclear</a> activist, he supports a foreign policy of military <a href="/wiki/Non-interventionism" title="Non-interventionism">non-interventionism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unilateral_disarmament" title="Unilateral disarmament">unilateral</a> <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">nuclear disarmament</a>, and has been a prominent activist for Palestinian solidarity throughout the <a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel conflict</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> Writer <a href="/wiki/Ronan_Bennett" title="Ronan Bennett">Ronan Bennett</a>, who formerly worked as a research assistant to Corbyn, has described him as "a kind of vegan, pacifist idealist, one with a clear understanding of politics and history, and a commitment to the underdog".<a href="#cite_note-MacAskill1-33">[33]</a> In 1997, the political scientists <a href="/wiki/David_Butler_(psephologist)" title="David Butler (psephologist)">David Butler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kavanagh" title="Dennis Kavanagh">Dennis Kavanagh</a> described Corbyn's political stance as "<a href="/wiki/Far-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-left">far-left</a>".<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> Corbyn has described <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a> as a "great economist"<a href="#cite_note-Corbyn12-211">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> and said he has read some of the works of <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Adam Smith</a>, Marx and <a href="/wiki/David_Ricardo" title="David Ricardo">David Ricardo</a> and has "looked at many, many others".<a href="#cite_note-Corbyn12-211">[211]</a> However, some have argued that Corbyn is less radical than previously described:<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> for example, the journalist <a href="/wiki/George_Eaton_(journalist)" title="George Eaton (journalist)">George Eaton</a> has called him "<a href="/wiki/Keynesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Keynesian">Keynesian</a>".<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> In 2023, <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a> reported that most of the tax policies in Corbyn's 2019 general election manifesto had been implemented by the winning Conservative government, including a higher <a href="/wiki/Corporation_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporation tax">corporation tax</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Windfall_tax_(United_Kingdom)" title="Windfall tax (United Kingdom)">windfall tax</a> on oil companies, a reduction in annual tax allowances on dividend income, raising income tax on high earners, and introducing a <a href="/wiki/Taxation_of_digital_goods#United_Kingdom" title="Taxation of digital goods">digital services tax</a> on online retailers.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> Corbyn named <a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a> as the former Labour leader whom he most admired, describing him as "a decent, nice, inclusive leader". He also said he was "very close and very good friends" with <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gn1508072-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_coverage">Media coverage</h2></div> Analyses of domestic media coverage of Corbyn have found it to be critical or antagonistic.<a href="#cite_note-LSOE-216">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-217">[217]</a> In July 2016, academics from the London School of Economics published a study of 812 articles about Corbyn taken from eight national newspapers around the time of his Labour leadership election. The study found that 75 percent of the articles either distorted or failed to represent his actual views on subjects. The study's director commented that "Our analysis shows that Corbyn was thoroughly delegitimised as a political actor from the moment he became a prominent candidate and even more so after he was elected as party leader".<a href="#cite_note-independent12-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-independent22-148">[148]</a> Another report by the Media Reform Coalition and <a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck College</a> in July 2016, based on 10 days of coverage around the time of multiple shadow cabinet resignations, found "marked and persistent imbalance" in favour of sources critical to him; the <a href="/wiki/International_Business_Times" title="International Business Times">International Business Times</a> was the only outlet that gave him more favourable than critical coverage.<a href="#cite_note-ind300716-218">[218]</a> In August 2016, a <a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> survey found that 97% of Corbyn supporters agreed that the "mainstream media as a whole has been deliberately biasing coverage to portray Jeremy Corbyn in a negative manner", as did 51% of the general "Labour selectorate" sample.<a href="#cite_note-thecon190716-219">[219]</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> In May 2017, <a href="/wiki/Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough University</a>'s Centre for Research in Communication and Culture concluded that the media was attacking Corbyn far more than May during nine election campaign weekdays examined.<a href="#cite_note-ind190517-221">[221]</a> The Daily Mail and Daily Express praised Theresa May for election pledges that were condemned when proposed by Labour in previous elections.<a href="#cite_note-huffingtonpost-222">[222]</a> In February 2018, Momentum reported that attacks on Corbyn in the press were associated with increases in their membership applications.<a href="#cite_note-guardian250218-223">[223]</a> In September 2019, Labour leaders argued that traditional mainstream media outlets showed bias.<a href="#cite_note-guardian250919-224">[224]</a> In December 2019, a study by Loughborough University found that British press coverage was twice as hostile to Labour and half as critical of the Conservatives during the 2019 general election campaign as it had been during the 2017 campaign.<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> In an interview with <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Eye" title="Middle East Eye">Middle East Eye</a> in June 2020, Corbyn described the media's treatment of himself while he was Labour leader as obsessive and "at one level laughable, but all designed to be undermining".<a href="#cite_note-mee020620-226">[226]</a> He said that the media coverage had diverted his media team from helping him pursue "a political agenda on homelessness, on poverty in Britain, on housing, on international issues" to "rebutting these crazy stories, abusive stories, about me the whole time".<a href="#cite_note-mee020620-226">[226]</a> He said he considered suing as a result of media treatment but was guided by advice from Tony Benn, who told him, "Libel is a rich man's game, and you're not a rich man [...] Go to a libel case – even if you win the case, you'll be destroyed financially in doing so".<a href="#cite_note-mee020620-226">[226]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeremy_Corbyn_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Jeremy_Corbyn_2.jpg/170px-Jeremy_Corbyn_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Jeremy_Corbyn_2.jpg/255px-Jeremy_Corbyn_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Jeremy_Corbyn_2.jpg/340px-Jeremy_Corbyn_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1780" data-file-height="2825" /></a><figcaption>Corbyn in 2007</figcaption></figure> Corbyn lives in the <a href="/wiki/Finsbury_Park_(area)" title="Finsbury Park (area)">Finsbury Park</a> area of London.<a href="#cite_note-Islington-227">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> He has been married three times and divorced twice, and has three sons with his second wife.<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> In 1974, he married his first wife, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Chapman" title="Jane Chapman">Jane Chapman</a>, a fellow Labour Councillor for Haringey and now a professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Lincoln" title="University of Lincoln">University of Lincoln</a>.<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a> They divorced in 1979.<a href="#cite_note-Silverman-230">[230]</a> In the late 1970s, Corbyn had a brief relationship with Labour MP <a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a>.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> In 1987, Corbyn married Chilean exile Claudia Bracchitta, granddaughter of Ricardo Bracchitta (<a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Spain" title="List of diplomatic missions of Spain">Consul-General of Spain in Santiago</a>), with whom he has three sons. He missed his youngest son's birth as he was lecturing National Union of Public Employees members at the same hospital.<a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> Following a difference of opinion about sending their son to a <a href="/wiki/Grammar_schools_debate" title="Grammar schools debate">grammar school</a> (Corbyn opposes <a href="/wiki/Selective_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective education">selective education</a>), they divorced in 1999 after two years of separation, although Corbyn said in June 2015 that he continues to "get on very well" with her.<a href="#cite_note-BBCdivorce-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hattenstone-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> His son subsequently attended <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth%27s_School,_Barnet" title="Queen Elizabeth's School, Barnet">Queen Elizabeth's School</a>, which had been his wife's first choice.<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> Their second son, Sebastian, worked on his leadership campaign and was later employed as <a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a>'s Chief of Staff.<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a><a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> Corbyn's second-eldest brother, Andrew, who was a geologist, died of a brain haemorrhage while in <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> in 2001. Corbyn escorted the body from Papua New Guinea to Australia, where his brother's widow and children lived.<a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> In 2012, Corbyn went to Mexico to marry his Mexican partner Laura Álvarez,<a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a> who runs a <a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">fair trade</a> coffee import business that has been the subject of some controversy.<a href="#cite_note-graunprofile-241">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> A former human rights lawyer in Mexico, she first met Corbyn shortly after his divorce from Bracchitta, having come to London to support her sister Marcela following the abduction of her niece to America by her sister's estranged husband. They contacted fellow Labour MP Tony Benn for assistance, who introduced them to Corbyn, who met with the police on their behalf and spoke at fundraisers until the girl was located in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a> Álvarez then returned to Mexico, with the couple maintaining a long-distance relationship until she moved to London in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-245">[245]</a> Álvarez has described Corbyn as "not very good at house work but he is a good politician".<a href="#cite_note-246">[246]</a> They had a cat called El Gato ("The Cat" in Spanish).<a href="#cite_note-telegraph1-247">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> Corbyn had previously owned a dog called Mango, described by <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a> in 1984 as his "only constant companion" at the time.<a href="#cite_note-LowObs-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_beliefs_and_interests">Personal beliefs and interests</h3></div> When interviewed by <a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a> in December 2015, Corbyn refused to reveal his religious beliefs and called them a "private thing", but denied that he was an <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">atheist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-249">[249]</a> He has said that he is "sceptical" of having a <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">god</a> in his life.<a href="#cite_note-telegraph1-247">[247]</a> He compared his concerns about the environment to a sort of "spiritualism".<a href="#cite_note-:1-249">[249]</a> Corbyn has described himself as <a href="/wiki/Frugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Frugal">frugal</a>, telling <a href="/wiki/Simon_Hattenstone" title="Simon Hattenstone">Simon Hattenstone</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>: "I don't spend a lot of money, I lead a very normal life, I ride a bicycle and I don't have a car."<a href="#cite_note-Hattenstone-36">[36]</a> He has been a vegetarian for nearly 50 years, after having volunteered on a pig farm in Jamaica when he was 19, and stated in April 2018 that he was considering becoming a <a href="/wiki/Vegan" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan">vegan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a> Although he has been described in the media as <a href="/wiki/Teetotal" class="mw-redirect" title="Teetotal">teetotal</a>, he said in an interview with the <a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a> that he does drink alcohol but "very, very little".<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mirrorinterview-252">[252]</a> Corbyn is a member of the <a href="/wiki/All-party_parliamentary_group" title="All-party parliamentary group">All-Party Parliamentary Group on Cycling</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC:_Who_is_Jeremy_Corbyn-253">[253]</a><a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> He enjoys reading and writing,<a href="#cite_note-Mirrorinterview-252">[252]</a> and speaks fluent Spanish.<a href="#cite_note-beeb-26">[26]</a> He supports <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_F.C." title="Arsenal F.C.">Arsenal F.C.</a>, which is based in his constituency, and has signed parliamentary motions praising the successes of its men's and <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_W.F.C." title="Arsenal W.F.C.">women's teams</a>.<a href="#cite_note-255">[255]</a> In 2015 Corbyn supported a campaign for the club to pay its staff the <a href="/wiki/Living_Wage_Foundation" title="Living Wage Foundation">London Living Wage</a>.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> Corbyn is an avid "drain spotter" and has photographed decorative drain and <a href="/wiki/Manhole_cover" title="Manhole cover">manhole covers</a> throughout the country.<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a> Corbyn co-edited with Len McCluskey the anthology Poetry for the Many, published in November 2023 by <a href="/wiki/OR_Books" title="OR Books">OR Books</a>.<a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interview_under_police_caution">Interview under police caution</h3></div> On 19 January 2025, Corbyn, alongside former <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer">Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> <a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a>, agreed to be interviewed under caution by police following a pro-Palestinian rally in central London. The Metropolitan Police said they witnessed a "deliberate effort, including by protest organisers" to breach conditions that had been imposed on the event. However, it is unclear as to the specific reasons as to why Corbyn was invited to an interview.<a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_recognition">Awards and recognition</h2></div> In 2013, Corbyn was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Gandhi_International_Peace_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandhi International Peace Award">Gandhi International Peace Award</a> for his "consistent efforts over a 30-year parliamentary career to uphold the <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Gandhian</a> values of social justice and non‐violence".<a href="#cite_note-prize_2013-261">[261]</a><a href="#cite_note-262">[262]</a> In the same year, he was honoured by the <a href="/wiki/Grassroot_Diplomat" title="Grassroot Diplomat">Grassroot Diplomat</a> Initiative for his "ongoing support for a number of non-government organisations and civil causes".<a href="#cite_note-263">[263]</a> Corbyn has won the Parliamentary "Beard of the Year Award" a record six times, as well as being named as the <a href="/wiki/Beard_Liberation_Front" title="Beard Liberation Front">Beard Liberation Front</a>'s Beard of the Year, having previously described his beard as "a form of dissent" against <a href="/wiki/New_Labour" title="New Labour">New Labour</a>.<a href="#cite_note-264">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-265">[265]</a> In 2016, Corbyn was the subject of a musical entitled Corbyn the Musical: The Motorcycle Diaries, written by journalists Rupert Myers and Bobby Friedman.<a href="#cite_note-266">[266]</a> In 2017 the American magazine <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a> named Corbyn in its Top 100 Global Thinkers list for that year "for inspiring a new generation to re-engage in politics".<a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> In December 2017 he was one of three recipients awarded the <a href="/wiki/Sean_MacBride_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Sean MacBride Peace Prize">Seán MacBride Peace Prize</a> "for his sustained and powerful political work for disarmament and peace".<a href="#cite_note-ipb-268">[268]</a> The award was announced the previous September.<a href="#cite_note-269">[269]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Electoral history of Jeremy Corbyn">Electoral history of Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peace_activists" title="List of peace activists">List of peace activists</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output 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The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150621045700/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jun/17/jeremy-corbyn-labour-leadership-dont-do-personal">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn%3A+%27I+don%27t+do+personal%27&rft.date=2015-06-17&rft.aulast=Hattenstone&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2Fjun%2F17%2Fjeremy-corbyn-labour-leadership-dont-do-personal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorbyn2014" class="citation news cs1">Corbyn, Jeremy (17 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/a-08f9-Tony-Benn-A-titan-of-our-movement">"Tony Benn: A titan of our movement"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Morning_Star_(British_newspaper)" title="Morning Star (British newspaper)">Morning Star</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701114201/https://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/a-08f9-Tony-Benn-A-titan-of-our-movement">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Morning+Star&rft.atitle=Tony+Benn%3A+A+titan+of+our+movement&rft.date=2014-03-17&rft.aulast=Corbyn&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.morningstaronline.co.uk%2Fa-08f9-Tony-Benn-A-titan-of-our-movement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://londondatastore-upload.s3.amazonaws.com/docs/LBCE_1974-5-2.pdf">"London Borough Council Elections 2 May 1974"</a> (PDF). Intelligence Unit, Greater London Council. 1974. p. 34. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008082403/http://londondatastore-upload.s3.amazonaws.com/docs/LBCE_1974-5-2.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 8 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=London+Borough+Council+Elections+2+May+1974&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Intelligence+Unit%2C+Greater+London+Council&rft.date=1974&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flondondatastore-upload.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fdocs%2FLBCE_1974-5-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jeremycorbyn.org.uk-39"><a href="#cite_ref-jeremycorbyn.org.uk_39-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jeremycorbyn.org.uk/about/">"About me – Jeremy Corbyn MP"</a>. jeremycorbyn.org.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150619072225/http://jeremycorbyn.org.uk/about/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jeremycorbyn.org.uk&rft.atitle=About+me+%E2%80%93+Jeremy+Corbyn+MP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjeremycorbyn.org.uk%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Report of the Seventyseventh Annual Conference of the Labour Party, Blackpool 1978. 1978. p. 188.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Seventyseventh+Annual+Conference+of+the+Labour+Party%2C+Blackpool+1978&rft.pages=188&rft.date=1978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Report of the Seventyseventh Annual Conference of the Labour Party, Blackpool 1978. 1978. pp. 376–77.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Seventyseventh+Annual+Conference+of+the+Labour+Party%2C+Blackpool+1978&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E376-%3C%2Fspan%3E77&rft.date=1978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1977" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Walker_(reporter)" title="Martin Walker (reporter)">Walker, Martin</a> (21 April 1977). "London anti-Front rally banned". The Guardian. p. 2. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/185950380">185950380</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=London+anti-Front+rally+banned&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1977-04-21&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Walker1981-43"><a href="#cite_ref-Walker1981_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1981" class="citation news cs1">Walker, David (9 December 1981). "A briefing on 'Briefing': Left-wing activists unite in print". <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. No. 61103. London. p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460">0140-0460</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6967919">6967919</a>. <q>Iits [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>] guiding spirit is Mr Jeremy Corbyn, aged 31, Briefing's founder, an official of the National Union of Public Employees.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=A+briefing+on+%27Briefing%27%3A+Left-wing+activists+unite+in+print&rft.issue=61103&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1981-12-09&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6967919&rft.issn=0140-0460&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Where Militant matters". The Economist. No. 7231. 3 April 1982. p. 28. <q>... Briefing's general secretary figure, Mr Jeremy Corbyn, will be Labour's candidate in Islington North.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Where+Militant+matters&rft.issue=7231&rft.pages=28&rft.date=1982-04-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ridge-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ridge_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ridge_45-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRidge2017" class="citation news cs1">Ridge, Sophie (21 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211028/NSpMujhSQHE">"Jeremy Corbyn on the IRA and immigration: Full interview on #Ridge"</a>. Sky News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NSpMujhSQHE&spfreload=10.">the original</a> on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+on+the+IRA+and+immigration%3A+Full+interview+on+%23Ridge&rft.date=2017-05-21&rft.aulast=Ridge&rft.aufirst=Sophie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DNSpMujhSQHE%26spfreload%3D10.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWorrall2017" class="citation web cs1">Worrall, Patrick (30 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/factcheck-corbyn-on-northern-ireland">"Corbyn on Northern Ireland"</a>. Channel 4 News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180222165024/https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/factcheck-corbyn-on-northern-ireland">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2018. Retrieved 21 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Channel+4+News&rft.atitle=Corbyn+on+Northern+Ireland&rft.date=2017-05-30&rft.aulast=Worrall&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fnews%2Ffactcheck%2Ffactcheck-corbyn-on-northern-ireland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrick2016xvii-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrick2016xvii_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCrick2016">Crick 2016</a>, p. xvii. </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLansleyGossWolmar1989" class="citation book cs1">Lansley, Stewart; Goss, Sue; <a href="/wiki/Christian_Wolmar" title="Christian Wolmar">Wolmar, Christian</a> (1 October 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EKyvCwAAQBAJ&q=corbyn">Councils in Conflict: The Rise and Fall of the Municipal Left</a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781349202317" title="Special:BookSources/9781349202317"><bdi>9781349202317</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231107172124/https://books.google.com/books?id=EKyvCwAAQBAJ&q=corbyn#v=snippet&q=corbyn&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Councils+in+Conflict%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Municipal+Left&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1989-10-01&rft.isbn=9781349202317&rft.aulast=Lansley&rft.aufirst=Stewart&rft.au=Goss%2C+Sue&rft.au=Wolmar%2C+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEKyvCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dcorbyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinton1981" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Linton" title="Martin Linton">Linton, Martin</a> (18 December 1981). "Tariq Ali's triumph snatched from his grasp". The Guardian. p. 24. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/186205704">186205704</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Tariq+Ali%27s+triumph+snatched+from+his+grasp&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1981-12-18&rft.aulast=Linton&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinton1982" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Linton" title="Martin Linton">Linton, Martin</a> (28 May 1982). "Defiant Labour officials give Tariq Ali card". 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The Guardian. 10 November 1982. p. 26. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/186401227">186401227</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Hornsey+Labour+rebels+back+Tariq+Ali%27s+membership&rft.pages=26&rft.date=1982-11-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrick2016xvii–xviii-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrick2016xvii–xviii_52-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCrick2016">Crick 2016</a>, pp. xvii–xviii: "An article in the July 1982 edition of London Labour Briefing illustrated Corbyn's public stance: 'If expulsions are in order for Militant,' he wrote, 'they should apply to us too.' And Corbyn, a year before he became an MP, announced himself as 'provisional convenor' of the new 'Defeat the Witch-Hunt Campaign'. It was based at an address in Lausanne Road in Hornsey, north London, Corbyn's own home at that time." </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDixonMcCann2017" class="citation news cs1">Dixon, Hayley; McCann, Kate (6 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/06/exclusive-special-branch-monitored-jeremy-corbyn-20-years-amid/">"Exclusive: Special Branch monitored Jeremy Corbyn for 20 years amid fears he was 'undermining democracy'"</a>. 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Retrieved 19 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+and+Islington&rft.date=2015-09-15&rft.aulast=McDermott&rft.aufirst=Josephine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-london-34244370&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZsYvkTw4Rg">Scruffy Jeremy Corbyn winds up Tories in 1984</a> (YouTube video). <a href="/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Houses of Parliament">Houses of Parliament</a>, London, England: Newsnight. 1984. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150912050123/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZsYvkTw4Rg">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scruffy+Jeremy+Corbyn+winds+up+Tories+in+1984&rft.place=Houses+of+Parliament%2C+London%2C+England&rft.pub=Newsnight&rft.date=1984&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DwZsYvkTw4Rg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Benn2013-70"><a href="#cite_ref-Benn2013_70-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenn2013" class="citation book cs1">Benn, Tony (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LdCp8S5XK9wC&pg=PA624">The Benn Diaries: 1940–1990</a>. Random House. p. 624. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4464-9373-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4464-9373-1"><bdi>978-1-4464-9373-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Benn+Diaries%3A+1940%E2%80%931990&rft.pages=624&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4464-9373-1&rft.aulast=Benn&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLdCp8S5XK9wC%26pg%3DPA624&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCdivorce-71">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBCdivorce_71-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCdivorce_71-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/341706.stm">"'Lack of choice' blamed for MP's marriage split"</a>. BBC News. 13 May 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150914060921/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/341706.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 September 2015. Retrieved 30 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%27Lack+of+choice%27+blamed+for+MP%27s+marriage+split&rft.date=1999-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk_politics%2F341706.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DT2-72"><a href="#cite_ref-DT2_72-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwinford2015" class="citation news cs1">Swinford, Steven (1 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/11837454/Jeremy-Corbyn-campaigned-for-release-of-Embassy-bombers.html">"Jeremy Corbyn campaigned for release of Embassy bombers"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904001044/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/11837454/Jeremy-Corbyn-campaigned-for-release-of-Embassy-bombers.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+campaigned+for+release+of+Embassy+bombers&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.aulast=Swinford&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Flabour%2F11837454%2FJeremy-Corbyn-campaigned-for-release-of-Embassy-bombers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ParliamentBiography-73">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ParliamentBiography_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ParliamentBiography_73-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ParliamentBiography_73-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/jeremy-corbyn/185">"Jeremy Corbyn MP"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150716154017/http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/Jeremy-Corbyn/185">Archived</a> 16 July 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, parliament.uk; retrieved 22 September 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilligan2017" class="citation news cs1">Gilligan, Andrew (21 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/election-2017/abbott-declared-support-for-ira-defeat-of-britain-rp79dvvmk">"Abbott declared support for IRA defeat of Britain"</a>. The Sunday Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160121125430/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-35371204">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Times&rft.atitle=Abbott+declared+support+for+IRA+defeat+of+Britain&rft.date=2017-05-21&rft.aulast=Gilligan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Fedition%2Felection-2017%2Fabbott-declared-support-for-ira-defeat-of-britain-rp79dvvmk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988">(subscription required) </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilligan2018" class="citation news cs1">Gilligan, Andrew (19 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/police-examined-jeremy-corbyn-links-to-pro-ira-group-red-action-f5vm32gc2">"Police examined Jeremy Corbyn links to pro-IRA group Red Action"</a>. The Sunday Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191111011003/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/police-examined-jeremy-corbyn-links-to-pro-ira-group-red-action-f5vm32gc2">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Times&rft.atitle=Police+examined+Jeremy+Corbyn+links+to+pro-IRA+group+Red+Action&rft.date=2018-08-19&rft.aulast=Gilligan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fpolice-examined-jeremy-corbyn-links-to-pro-ira-group-red-action-f5vm32gc2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> PhD Thesis: 'Analysis of the Development of the British Labour Movement's Policies and Attitudes Towards the Northern Ireland Problem 1979–1997' M. O'Donnell. University of Surrey, 1997. p90. </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/world-news/europe/labour-frontrunner-corbyn-refuses-to-condemn-the-ira-31433660.html">"Labour front-runner Corbyn refuses to condemn the IRA"</a>. The Irish Independent. Independent News and Media. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170811184325/http://www.independent.ie/world-news/europe/labour-frontrunner-corbyn-refuses-to-condemn-the-ira-31433660.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Independent&rft.atitle=Labour+front-runner+Corbyn+refuses+to+condemn+the+IRA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Fworld-news%2Feurope%2Flabour-frontrunner-corbyn-refuses-to-condemn-the-ira-31433660.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler2016" class="citation news cs1">Wheeler, Brian (24 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34184265">"The Jeremy Corbyn Story: Profile of Labour leader"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150912194927/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34184265">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2015. <q>He incurred the wrath of the Labour leadership early on his career when he invited two former IRA prisoners to speak at Westminster, two weeks after the Brighton bomb that had nearly killed Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+Jeremy+Corbyn+Story%3A+Profile+of+Labour+leader&rft.date=2016-09-24&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-34184265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> Paul Hill, Ronan Bennett, Stolen Years, Doubleday, 1990, p. 219. </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> Hughie Callaghan, Sally Mulready, Cruel Fate: One Man's Triumph Over Injustice, University of Massachusetts Press, 1993, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ahfr6gkGMOYC&pg=PA178">178</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ahfr6gkGMOYC&pg=PA191">191</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/2041634.stm">"Jeremy Corbyn"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306184134/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/2041634.stm">Archived</a> 6 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, BBC News, 22 October 2002. </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> Peter Gruner, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islingtontribune.com/news/2013/jun/he-reaches-30-year-milestone-islington-north-labour-mp-jeremy-corbyn-reflects-his-care">"As he reaches 30-year milestone, Islington North Labour MP Jeremy Corbyn reflects on his career in politics"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306010203/http://www.islingtontribune.com/news/2013/jun/he-reaches-30-year-milestone-islington-north-labour-mp-jeremy-corbyn-reflects-his-care">Archived</a> 6 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Islington Tribune, 7 June 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-BirmBT-83"><a href="#cite_ref-BirmBT_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/11245150/The-Birmingham-bombings-40-years-on-what-can-we-learn-from-IRA-terror.html">"The Birmingham bombings 40 years on: what can we learn from IRA terror?"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925165209/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/11245150/The-Birmingham-bombings-40-years-on-what-can-we-learn-from-IRA-terror.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 3 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+Birmingham+bombings+40+years+on%3A+what+can+we+learn+from+IRA+terror%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2Fterrorism-in-the-uk%2F11245150%2FThe-Birmingham-bombings-40-years-on-what-can-we-learn-from-IRA-terror.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilligan2017" class="citation news cs1">Gilligan, Andrew (14 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/news/jeremy-corbyn-was-arrested-at-ira-demo-brighton-bomber-solidarity-protest-old-bailey-labour-gd3tnhmrt">"Jeremy Corbyn was arrested at IRA demo"</a>. The Sunday Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160121125430/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-35371204">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Times&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+was+arrested+at+IRA+demo&rft.date=2017-05-14&rft.aulast=Gilligan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Fedition%2Fnews%2Fjeremy-corbyn-was-arrested-at-ira-demo-brighton-bomber-solidarity-protest-old-bailey-labour-gd3tnhmrt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988">(subscription required) </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/night-jeremy-corbyn-stood-in-honour-of-dead-ira-terrorists-1-7008757">"Night Jeremy Corbyn stood in honour of dead IRA terrorists"</a>. www.newsletter.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170605192657/http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/night-jeremy-corbyn-stood-in-honour-of-dead-ira-terrorists-1-7008757">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.newsletter.co.uk&rft.atitle=Night+Jeremy+Corbyn+stood+in+honour+of+dead+IRA+terrorists&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsletter.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnight-jeremy-corbyn-stood-in-honour-of-dead-ira-terrorists-1-7008757&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-telegraph-mi5-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph-mi5_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-telegraph-mi5_86-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewellDixonHeightonYorke2017" class="citation news cs1">Newell, Claire; Dixon, Hayley; Heighton, Luke; Yorke, Harry (19 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/19/exclusive-mi5-opened-file-jeremy-corbyn-amid-concerns-ira-links/">"Exclusive: MI5 opened file on Jeremy Corbyn amid concerns over his IRA links"</a>. The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170520094724/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/19/exclusive-mi5-opened-file-jeremy-corbyn-amid-concerns-ira-links/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Exclusive%3A+MI5+opened+file+on+Jeremy+Corbyn+amid+concerns+over+his+IRA+links&rft.date=2017-05-19&rft.aulast=Newell&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft.au=Dixon%2C+Hayley&rft.au=Heighton%2C+Luke&rft.au=Yorke%2C+Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F05%2F19%2Fexclusive-mi5-opened-file-jeremy-corbyn-amid-concerns-ira-links%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ft30517-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ft30517_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ft30517_87-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright2017" class="citation news cs1">Wright, Robin (30 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/9f833a98-452c-11e7-8519-9f94ee97d996">"Spotlight falls on Jeremy Corbyn's links with Irish republicans"</a>. Financial Times. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/9f833a98-452c-11e7-8519-9f94ee97d996">the original</a> on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Spotlight+falls+on+Jeremy+Corbyn%27s+links+with+Irish+republicans&rft.date=2017-05-30&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F9f833a98-452c-11e7-8519-9f94ee97d996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/mi5-jeremy-corbyn-files-kept-ira-sympathies-a7745966.html">"MI5 'kept file on Jeremy Corbyn over his IRA sympathies'"</a>. 20 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170520052242/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/mi5-jeremy-corbyn-files-kept-ira-sympathies-a7745966.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MI5+%27kept+file+on+Jeremy+Corbyn+over+his+IRA+sympathies%27&rft.date=2017-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fmi5-jeremy-corbyn-files-kept-ira-sympathies-a7745966.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/mi5-had-file-on-jeremy-corbyn-over-ira-10885001">"MI5 'had file on Jeremy Corbyn over IRA'"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170621192504/https://news.sky.com/story/mi5-had-file-on-jeremy-corbyn-over-ira-10885001">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MI5+%27had+file+on+Jeremy+Corbyn+over+IRA%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fmi5-had-file-on-jeremy-corbyn-over-ira-10885001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebsterWattLandale1996" class="citation news cs1">Webster, Philip; Watt, Nicholas; Landale, James (26 September 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/NewsUK1996UKEnglish/Sep%2026%201996%2C%20The%20Times%2C%20%2365694%2C%20UK%20%28en%29#mode/2up">"Blair threatens to expel MP over Adams visit"</a>. The Times. No. 65694. p. 1. Retrieved 11 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Blair+threatens+to+expel+MP+over+Adams+visit&rft.issue=65694&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1996-09-26&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.au=Watt%2C+Nicholas&rft.au=Landale%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FNewsUK1996UKEnglish%2FSep%252026%25201996%252C%2520The%2520Times%252C%2520%252365694%252C%2520UK%2520%2528en%2529%23mode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillar1996" class="citation news cs1">Millar, Frank (26 September 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/adams-cancels-commons-visit-as-labour-criticises-corbyn-1.89558">"Adams cancels Commons visit as Labour criticises Corbyn"</a>. The Irish Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150724024141/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/adams-cancels-commons-visit-as-labour-criticises-corbyn-1.89558">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Adams+cancels+Commons+visit+as+Labour+criticises+Corbyn&rft.date=1996-09-26&rft.aulast=Millar&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fadams-cancels-commons-visit-as-labour-criticises-corbyn-1.89558&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoliticsHome.com2017" class="citation web cs1">PoliticsHome.com (27 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/home-affairs/terrorism/news/86282/diane-abbott-corbyn-met-ira-members-their-capacity-sinn">"Diane Abbott: Corbyn met IRA members 'in their capacity as Sinn Fein activists'"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170527115822/https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/home-affairs/terrorism/news/86282/diane-abbott-corbyn-met-ira-members-their-capacity-sinn">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Diane+Abbott%3A+Corbyn+met+IRA+members+%27in+their+capacity+as+Sinn+Fein+activists%27&rft.date=2017-05-27&rft.au=PoliticsHome.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politicshome.com%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fhome-affairs%2Fterrorism%2Fnews%2F86282%2Fdiane-abbott-corbyn-met-ira-members-their-capacity-sinn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/ira-bombing-campaign-was-completely-wrong-because-it-killed-civilians-corbyn-35761761.html">"IRA bombing campaign was completely wrong because it killed civilians – Corbyn"</a>. Belfasttelegraph.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160121125430/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-35371204">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfasttelegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=IRA+bombing+campaign+was+completely+wrong+because+it+killed+civilians+%E2%80%93+Corbyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fira-bombing-campaign-was-completely-wrong-because-it-killed-civilians-corbyn-35761761.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowley2005" class="citation book cs1">Cowley, Philip (2005). The Rebels: How Blair mislaid his majority. London: Politico's Publishing. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84275-127-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84275-127-1"><bdi>1-84275-127-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rebels%3A+How+Blair+mislaid+his+majority&rft.place=London&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Politico%27s+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-84275-127-1&rft.aulast=Cowley&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> The most rebellious was Dennis Skinner who, unlike Corbyn, was a member of Parliament during the Labour government of 1974–79. </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowley2002" class="citation book cs1">Cowley, Philip (2002). Revolts and Rebellions: Parliamentary voting under Blair. London: Politico's Publishing. p. 91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84275-029-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84275-029-1"><bdi>1-84275-029-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolts+and+Rebellions%3A+Parliamentary+voting+under+Blair&rft.place=London&rft.pages=91&rft.pub=Politico%27s+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-84275-029-1&rft.aulast=Cowley&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowley2005" class="citation book cs1">Cowley, Philip (2005). The Rebels: How Blair mislaid his majority. London: Politico's Publishing. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84275-127-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-84275-127-1"><bdi>1-84275-127-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rebels%3A+How+Blair+mislaid+his+majority&rft.place=London&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Politico%27s+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-84275-127-1&rft.aulast=Cowley&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/jeremy-corbyn-nick-brown-rebellions-blair-brown-strength-of-character_uk_58049770e4b0ee3352127fdd">"Jeremy Corbyn's Votes Against Blair And Brown Showed His 'Strength Of Character' – Labour Chief Whip"</a>. 17 October 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180925165012/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/jeremy-corbyn-nick-brown-rebellions-blair-brown-strength-of-character_uk_58049770e4b0ee3352127fdd">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeremy+Corbyn%27s+Votes+Against+Blair+And+Brown+Showed+His+%27Strength+Of+Character%27+%E2%80%93+Labour+Chief+Whip&rft.date=2016-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2Fentry%2Fjeremy-corbyn-nick-brown-rebellions-blair-brown-strength-of-character_uk_58049770e4b0ee3352127fdd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWainwright2016" class="citation journal cs1">Wainwright, Hilary (March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/03/tony-benn-corbyn-thatcher-labour-leadership/">"The Making of Jeremy Corbyn"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jacobin_(magazine)" title="Jacobin (magazine)">Jacobin</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160513043111/https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/03/tony-benn-corbyn-thatcher-labour-leadership/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jacobin&rft.atitle=The+Making+of+Jeremy+Corbyn&rft.date=2016-03&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Hilary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jacobinmag.com%2F2016%2F03%2Ftony-benn-corbyn-thatcher-labour-leadership%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2016" class="citation news cs1">Stone, Jon (23 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-still-prepared-to-call-for-war-crimes-investigation-into-tony-blair-a7042926.html">"Jeremy Corbyn 'still prepared to call for Tony Blair war crimes investigation'"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161012173013/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-still-prepared-to-call-for-war-crimes-investigation-into-tony-blair-a7042926.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+%27still+prepared+to+call+for+Tony+Blair+war+crimes+investigation%27&rft.date=2016-05-23&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjeremy-corbyn-still-prepared-to-call-for-war-crimes-investigation-into-tony-blair-a7042926.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-36733979">"Tony Blair says world is better as a result of Iraq War"</a>. BBC News. 7 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160707103321/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-36733979">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016. <q>He said the report proved the Iraq War had been an "act of military aggression launched on a false pretext", something he said which has "long been regarded as illegal by the overwhelming weight of international opinion"</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Tony+Blair+says+world+is+better+as+a+result+of+Iraq+War&rft.date=2016-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-36733979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Corbyn-101"><a href="#cite_ref-Corbyn_101-0">^</a> Andrew Grice, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-chilcot-report-iraq-war-inquiry-apology-tony-blair-labour-party-a7123461.html">Jeremy Corbyn apologises on behalf of Labour for 'disastrous decision' to join Iraq War</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160706173518/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-chilcot-report-iraq-war-inquiry-apology-tony-blair-labour-party-a7123461.html">Archived</a> 6 July 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Independent (6 July 2016). </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2002" class="citation news cs1">Johnson, Edward (24 March 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DzEzAAAAIBAJ&pg=6902%2C6043706">"Labor [sic] Party plans challenge to Blair's leadership stance"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Free_Lance-Star" class="mw-redirect" title="The Free Lance-Star">The Free Lance-Star</a>. Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201004042822/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DzEzAAAAIBAJ&pg=6902%2C6043706">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Free+Lance-Star&rft.atitle=Labor+%5Bsic%5D+Party+plans+challenge+to+Blair%27s+leadership+stance&rft.date=2002-03-24&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DDzEzAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6902%252C6043706&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/jeremy-corbyn-2003-anti-iraq-war-speech-labour-leader-ahead-of-his-time_uk_577bbbe8e4b0f7b55795fa0a">"Jeremy Corbyn's Passionate 2003 Anti-Iraq War Speech Reminds Us Where He's Always Stood"</a>. 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Retrieved 20 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Labour+leadership+race+threatens+party+civil+war+as+MPs+fear+%27continuity+Corbyn%27+figure&rft.date=2019-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Flabour-leadership-contest-corbyn-rebecca-long-bailey-emily-thornberry-a9247966.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/election-2019-50829352">"General election 2019: Blair attacks Corbyn's 'comic indecision' on Brexit"</a>. BBC News. 18 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228223454/https://www.bbc.com/news/election-2019-50829352">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=General+election+2019%3A+Blair+attacks+Corbyn%27s+%27comic+indecision%27+on+Brexit&rft.date=2019-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Felection-2019-50829352&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-politics-50834895/blair-2019-general-election-result-brought-shame-on-us">"Blair: 2019 general election result 'brought shame on us'"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191219132205/https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-politics-50834895/blair-2019-general-election-result-brought-shame-on-us">Archived</a> from the original on 19 December 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Blair%3A+2019+general+election+result+%27brought+shame+on+us%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fav%2Fuk-politics-50834895%2Fblair-2019-general-election-result-brought-shame-on-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reflection-171"><a href="#cite_ref-Reflection_171-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_Colson_and_Adam_Bienkov2019" class="citation web cs1">Thomas Colson and Adam Bienkov (12 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeremy-corbyn-resigns-as-labour-party-leader-after-election-defeat-2019-12">"Jeremy Corbyn announces he will resign as Labour Party leader"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326034336/https://www.businessinsider.com/jeremy-corbyn-resigns-as-labour-party-leader-after-election-defeat-2019-12">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+announces+he+will+resign+as+Labour+Party+leader&rft.date=2019-12-12&rft.au=Thomas+Colson+and+Adam+Bienkov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fjeremy-corbyn-resigns-as-labour-party-leader-after-election-defeat-2019-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2019-50766114">"Jeremy Corbyn: 'I will not lead Labour at next election'"</a>. BBC News. 13 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191214155812/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2019-50766114">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn%3A+%27I+will+not+lead+Labour+at+next+election%27&rft.date=2019-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection-2019-50766114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/politics/constituencies/E14000763">"Islington North Parliamentary constituency"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191201071705/https://www.bbc.com/news/politics/constituencies/E14000763">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Islington+North+Parliamentary+constituency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fconstituencies%2FE14000763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabbagh2019" class="citation news cs1">Sabbagh, Dan (13 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/13/election-result-signifies-realignment-of-uk-politics">"Election result signifies realignment of UK politics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191213165737/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/13/election-result-signifies-realignment-of-uk-politics">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 14 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Election+result+signifies+realignment+of+UK+politics&rft.date=2019-12-13&rft.aulast=Sabbagh&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2Fdec%2F13%2Felection-result-signifies-realignment-of-uk-politics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasonWalker2019" class="citation news cs1">Mason, Rowena; Walker, Peter (13 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/13/jeremy-corbyn-very-sad-at-election-defeat-but-feels-proud-of-manifesto">"Jeremy Corbyn 'very sad' at election defeat but feels proud of manifesto"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191213151002/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/13/jeremy-corbyn-very-sad-at-election-defeat-but-feels-proud-of-manifesto">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 14 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+%27very+sad%27+at+election+defeat+but+feels+proud+of+manifesto&rft.date=2019-12-13&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Rowena&rft.au=Walker%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2Fdec%2F13%2Fjeremy-corbyn-very-sad-at-election-defeat-but-feels-proud-of-manifesto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshStamp2020" class="citation news cs1">Ash, Sebastien; Stamp, Gavin (11 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-51457739">"Poll fuels debate on why Labour lost election"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226050843/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-51457739">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Poll+fuels+debate+on+why+Labour+lost+election&rft.date=2020-02-11&rft.aulast=Ash&rft.aufirst=Sebastien&rft.au=Stamp%2C+Gavin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-51457739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeymour2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Seymour_(21st-century_writer)" title="Richard Seymour (21st-century writer)">Seymour, Richard</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zSFaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA186">Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics</a>. <a href="/wiki/Verso_Books" title="Verso Books">Verso Books</a>. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-786-63299-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-786-63299-9"><bdi>978-1-786-63299-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030116/https://books.google.com/books?id=zSFaDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA186#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 28 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corbyn%3A+The+Strange+Rebirth+of+Radical+Politics&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Verso+Books&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-786-63299-9&rft.aulast=Seymour&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzSFaDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> *<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLerman2019a" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Antony_Lerman" title="Antony Lerman">Lerman, Antony</a> (22 March 2019a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/opendemocracyuk/the-labour-party-institutional-antisemitism-and-irresponsible-politics/">"The Labour Party, 'institutional antisemitism' and irresponsible politics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/OpenDemocracy" title="OpenDemocracy">openDemocracy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240426120850/https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/opendemocracyuk/the-labour-party-institutional-antisemitism-and-irresponsible-politics/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 28 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=openDemocracy&rft.atitle=The+Labour+Party%2C+%27institutional+antisemitism%27+and+irresponsible+politics&rft.date=2019-03-22&rft.aulast=Lerman&rft.aufirst=Antony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opendemocracy.net%2Fen%2Fopendemocracyuk%2Fthe-labour-party-institutional-antisemitism-and-irresponsible-politics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbcihra-179"><a href="#cite_ref-bbcihra_179-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-44863606">"New Labour anti-Semitism code criticised"</a>. BBC News. 17 July 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201205191650/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-44863606">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=New+Labour+anti-Semitism+code+criticised&rft.date=2018-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-44863606&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlug2018" class="citation web cs1">Klug, Brian (17 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/uk/brian-klug/code-of-conduct-for-antisemitism-tale-of-two-texts">"The Code of Conduct for Antisemitism: a tale of two texts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/OpenDemocracy" title="OpenDemocracy">openDemocracy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180726044327/https://www.opendemocracy.net/uk/brian-klug/code-of-conduct-for-antisemitism-tale-of-two-texts">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=openDemocracy&rft.atitle=The+Code+of+Conduct+for+Antisemitism%3A+a+tale+of+two+texts&rft.date=2018-07-17&rft.aulast=Klug&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opendemocracy.net%2Fuk%2Fbrian-klug%2Fcode-of-conduct-for-antisemitism-tale-of-two-texts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SabSep18-181"><a href="#cite_ref-SabSep18_181-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabbagh2018" class="citation news cs1">Sabbagh, Dan (4 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/04/labour-adopts-ihra-antisemitism-definition-in-full">"Labour adopts IHRA antisemitism definition in full"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210906025050/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/04/labour-adopts-ihra-antisemitism-definition-in-full">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 10 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+adopts+IHRA+antisemitism+definition+in+full&rft.date=2018-09-04&rft.aulast=Sabbagh&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2018%2Fsep%2F04%2Flabour-adopts-ihra-antisemitism-definition-in-full&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZeffman2022" class="citation news cs1">Zeffman, Henry (20 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/antisemitism-used-as-weapon-by-jeremy-corbyns-friends-and-foes-jxzv80qtk">"Antisemitism 'used as weapon' by Jeremy Corbyn's friends and foes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220720071845/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/antisemitism-used-as-weapon-by-jeremy-corbyns-friends-and-foes-jxzv80qtk">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Antisemitism+%27used+as+weapon%27+by+Jeremy+Corbyn%27s+friends+and+foes&rft.date=2022-07-20&rft.aulast=Zeffman&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fantisemitism-used-as-weapon-by-jeremy-corbyns-friends-and-foes-jxzv80qtk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-62226042">"Anti-Semitism used as factional weapon within Labour, says report"</a>. BBC News. 19 July 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220719230622/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-62226042">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Anti-Semitism+used+as+factional+weapon+within+Labour%2C+says+report&rft.date=2022-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-62226042&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2022" class="citation news cs1">Stone, Jon (19 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/forde-report-labour-jeremy-corbyn-2017-election-b2126500.html">"Anti-Corbyn Labour officials covertly diverted election cash to allies, inquiry finds"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220719124720/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/forde-report-labour-jeremy-corbyn-2017-election-b2126500.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Anti-Corbyn+Labour+officials+covertly+diverted+election+cash+to+allies%2C+inquiry+finds&rft.date=2022-07-19&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fforde-report-labour-jeremy-corbyn-2017-election-b2126500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElgotWalker2022" class="citation news cs1">Elgot, Jessica; Walker, Peter (19 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/jul/19/antisemitism-factional-weapon-labour-party-forde-report-finds">"Antisemitism issue used as 'factional weapon' in Labour, report finds"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220726161518/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/jul/19/antisemitism-factional-weapon-labour-party-forde-report-finds">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Antisemitism+issue+used+as+%27factional+weapon%27+in+Labour%2C+report+finds&rft.date=2022-07-19&rft.aulast=Elgot&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.au=Walker%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2022%2Fjul%2F19%2Fantisemitism-factional-weapon-labour-party-forde-report-finds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2022" class="citation news cs1">White, Nadine (19 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/forde-report-labour-party-racism-b2126627.html">"Black Labour staff suffer under party's 'hierarchy of racism', Forde report finds"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220719180212/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/forde-report-labour-party-racism-b2126627.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Black+Labour+staff+suffer+under+party%27s+%27hierarchy+of+racism%27%2C+Forde+report+finds&rft.date=2022-07-19&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Nadine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fforde-report-labour-party-racism-b2126627.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewartElgot2022" class="citation news cs1">Stewart, Heather; Elgot, Jessica (19 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/jul/19/key-takeaways-forde-report-labour-factionalism">"Key takeaways from the Forde report on Labour factionalism"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030108/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/jul/19/key-takeaways-forde-report-labour-factionalism">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Key+takeaways+from+the+Forde+report+on+Labour+factionalism&rft.date=2022-07-19&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.au=Elgot%2C+Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2022%2Fjul%2F19%2Fkey-takeaways-forde-report-labour-factionalism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2022" class="citation news cs1">Fisher, Andrew (19 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inews.co.uk/opinion/forde-report-labour-party-mistake-1750876">"The Labour Party is making a terrible mistake if it ignores the Forde report"</a>. i. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220719164227/https://inews.co.uk/opinion/forde-report-labour-party-mistake-1750876">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=i&rft.atitle=The+Labour+Party+is+making+a+terrible+mistake+if+it+ignores+the+Forde+report&rft.date=2022-07-19&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finews.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fforde-report-labour-party-mistake-1750876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tglgldqEHpE">"Jeremy Corbyn on the Report Mainstream Media Doesn't Want You To Know About"</a>. Double Down News. 12 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220815234447/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tglgldqEHpE">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Double+Down+News&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+on+the+Report+Mainstream+Media+Doesn%27t+Want+You+To+Know+About&rft.date=2022-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DtglgldqEHpE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/jeremy-corbyn-has-a-new-project_uk_5fd6261ac5b62f31c1fe0b73">"Jeremy Corbyn Has A New Project"</a>. Huffington Post. 13 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516144215/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/jeremy-corbyn-has-a-new-project_uk_5fd6261ac5b62f31c1fe0b73">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+Has+A+New+Project&rft.pub=Huffington+Post&rft.date=2020-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2Fentry%2Fjeremy-corbyn-has-a-new-project_uk_5fd6261ac5b62f31c1fe0b73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2020" class="citation web cs1">Davis, Barney (13 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/jeremy-corbyn-peace-and-justice-project-b293495.html">"Corbyn announces launch of Peace and Justice Project"</a>. 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Retrieved 1 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=Corbyn+announces+launch+of+Peace+and+Justice+Project&rft.date=2020-12-13&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Barney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fjeremy-corbyn-peace-and-justice-project-b293495.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2020/dec/13/jeremy-corbyn-to-start-global-social-justice-project-for-the-many">"Jeremy Corbyn to start global social justice project 'for the many'"</a>. The Guardian. 13 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030046/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2020/dec/13/jeremy-corbyn-to-start-global-social-justice-project-for-the-many">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 1 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+to+start+global+social+justice+project+%27for+the+many%27&rft.date=2020-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2020%2Fdec%2F13%2Fjeremy-corbyn-to-start-global-social-justice-project-for-the-many&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jacobinmag.com/2020/12/jeremy-corbyn-project-for-peace-and-justice-launch">"Jeremy Corbyn: Why I'm Launching a Project for Peace and Justice"</a>. jacobinmag.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210110111419/https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/12/jeremy-corbyn-project-for-peace-and-justice-launch">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2021. 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Retrieved 27 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+MPs+drop+backing+for+statement+criticising+Nato+after+Starmer+warning&rft.date=2022-02-24&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2022%2Ffeb%2F24%2Flabour-mps-drop-backing-for-statement-criticising-nato-after-starmer-warning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20220218-stwc-195">^ <a href="#cite_ref-20220218-stwc_195-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-20220218-stwc_195-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stopwar.org.uk/article/list-of-signatories-stop-the-war-statement-on-the-crisis-over-ukraine/">"List of signatories: Stop the War statement on the crisis over Ukraine"</a>. 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Retrieved 27 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Labour+MPs+withdraw+from+anti-Nato+statement+after+threat+to+lose+whip&rft.date=2022-02-25&rft.aulast=Cowburn&rft.aufirst=Ashley&rft.au=Scott%2C+Geraldine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Flabour-labour-mps-mps-stop-the-war-coalition-claudia-webbe-b2022770.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappell2022" class="citation web cs1">Chappell, Elliot (27 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://labourlist.org/2022/02/david-lammy-labour-has-no-plans-to-reinstate-jeremy-corbyn-as-labour-mp/">"David Lammy: Labour has no plans to reinstate Jeremy Corbyn as Labour MP"</a>. Labour List. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030202/https://labourlist.org/2022/02/david-lammy-labour-has-no-plans-to-reinstate-jeremy-corbyn-as-labour-mp/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. 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The Observer. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712">0029-7712</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030046/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/oct/07/will-jeremy-corbyn-take-on-labour-for-his-islington-seat-will-he-win">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 25 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=Will+Jeremy+Corbyn+take+on+Labour+for+his+Islington+seat+%E2%80%93+and+will+he+win%3F&rft.date=2023-10-07&rft.issn=0029-7712&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2023%2Foct%2F07%2Fwill-jeremy-corbyn-take-on-labour-for-his-islington-seat-will-he-win&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaguire2024" class="citation news cs1">Maguire, Patrick (25 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/keir-starmer-to-block-jeremy-corbyn-from-standing-as-labour-mp-w6nm9kr9p">"Jeremy Corbyn to run against Labour as an independent, say allies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460">0140-0460</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240225103555/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/keir-starmer-to-block-jeremy-corbyn-from-standing-as-labour-mp-w6nm9kr9p">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 25 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+to+run+against+Labour+as+an+independent%2C+say+allies&rft.date=2024-02-25&rft.issn=0140-0460&rft.aulast=Maguire&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fkeir-starmer-to-block-jeremy-corbyn-from-standing-as-labour-mp-w6nm9kr9p&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllegretti2023" class="citation news cs1">Allegretti, Aubrey (18 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/may/18/jeremy-corbyn-tells-local-labour-party-he-wants-to-carry-on-as-their-mp">"Jeremy Corbyn tells local Labour party he wants to carry on as their MP"</a>. The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030657/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/may/18/jeremy-corbyn-tells-local-labour-party-he-wants-to-carry-on-as-their-mp">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 25 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+tells+local+Labour+party+he+wants+to+carry+on+as+their+MP&rft.date=2023-05-18&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Allegretti&rft.aufirst=Aubrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2023%2Fmay%2F18%2Fjeremy-corbyn-tells-local-labour-party-he-wants-to-carry-on-as-their-mp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c288xxvrdz7o">"Jeremy Corbyn confirms he will stand against Labour in Islington"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240525020639/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c288xxvrdz7o">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+confirms+he+will+stand+against+Labour+in+Islington&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fc288xxvrdz7o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRkaina2024" class="citation news cs1">Rkaina, Sam (24 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-islington-general-candidate-mp-b2550779.html">"Jeremy Corbyn expelled from Labour Party after confirming he will stand as independent in general election"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240526195757/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-islington-general-candidate-mp-b2550779.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+expelled+from+Labour+Party+after+confirming+he+will+stand+as+independent+in+general+election&rft.date=2024-05-24&rft.aulast=Rkaina&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjeremy-corbyn-islington-general-candidate-mp-b2550779.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-68393822">"RMT leader Mick Lynch gives Jeremy Corbyn general election backing"</a>. BBC News. 24 February 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240225000751/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-68393822">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 25 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=RMT+leader+Mick+Lynch+gives+Jeremy+Corbyn+general+election+backing&rft.date=2024-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-68393822&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn008x70kr6o">"Jeremy Corbyn accuses Keir Starmer of rewriting history"</a>. BBC News. 13 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240705022820/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn008x70kr6o">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+accuses+Keir+Starmer+of+rewriting+history&rft.date=2024-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcn008x70kr6o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgejv0xxg2o">"Islington: Local Labour members resign to campaign for Corbyn"</a>. www.bbc.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030552/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgejv0xxg2o">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 6 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.com&rft.atitle=Islington%3A+Local+Labour+members+resign+to+campaign+for+Corbyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcrgejv0xxg2o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTahir2024" class="citation web cs1">Tahir, Tariq (5 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/uk/2024/07/05/jeremy-corbyn-re-elected-chants-of-free-palestine-as-former-leader-beats-labour/">"Jeremy Corbyn re-elected: Chants of 'Free Palestine' as former leader beats Labour"</a>. The National. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240706021928/https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/uk/2024/07/05/jeremy-corbyn-re-elected-chants-of-free-palestine-as-former-leader-beats-labour/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2024. 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Retrieved 21 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=openDemocracy&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+%E2%80%93+a+mainstream+%5BScandinavian%5D+social+democrat&rft.date=2017-06-09&rft.aulast=Gjers%C3%B8&rft.aufirst=Jonas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opendemocracy.net%2Fen%2Fcan-europe-make-it%2Fjeremy-corbyn-mainstream-scandinavian-social-democrat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsthanaStewart2017" class="citation news cs1">Asthana, Anushka; Stewart, Heather (11 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/10/labour-party-manifesto-pledges-to-end-tuition-fees-and-nationalise-railways">"Labour party's plan to nationalise mail, rail and energy firms"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170831132900/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/10/labour-party-manifesto-pledges-to-end-tuition-fees-and-nationalise-railways">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+party%27s+plan+to+nationalise+mail%2C+rail+and+energy+firms&rft.date=2017-05-11&rft.aulast=Asthana&rft.aufirst=Anushka&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Heather&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fmay%2F10%2Flabour-party-manifesto-pledges-to-end-tuition-fees-and-nationalise-railways&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcTagueCooper2016" class="citation news cs1">McTague, Tom; Cooper, Charlie (26 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.eu/article/jeremy-corbyn-under-fire-for-stance-on-nuclear-weapons/">"Jeremy Corbyn under fire for stance on nuclear weapons"</a>. Politico. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170831134200/http://www.politico.eu/article/jeremy-corbyn-under-fire-for-stance-on-nuclear-weapons/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+under+fire+for+stance+on+nuclear+weapons&rft.date=2016-09-26&rft.aulast=McTague&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Charlie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fjeremy-corbyn-under-fire-for-stance-on-nuclear-weapons%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButlerKavanagh1997" class="citation book cs1">Butler, David; Kavanagh, Dennis (1997). The British General Election of 1997. 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The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808035924/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/08/marx-brothers-jeremy-corbyn-joins-john-mcdonnell-praising-communist/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+Marx+Brothers%3A+Jeremy+Corbyn+joins+John+McDonnell+in+praising+Communist+icon%27s+work&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Maidment&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F05%2F08%2Fmarx-brothers-jeremy-corbyn-joins-john-mcdonnell-praising-communist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshmore2017" class="citation web cs1">Ashmore, John (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808045204/https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/labour-party/jeremy-corbyn/news/85762/jeremy-corbyn-backs-john-mcdonnell">"Jeremy Corbyn backs John McDonnell and says Marx was a 'great economist'"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/labour-party/jeremy-corbyn/news/85762/jeremy-corbyn-backs-john-mcdonnell">the original</a> on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+backs+John+McDonnell+and+says+Marx+was+a+%27great+economist%27&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Ashmore&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politicshome.com%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitical-parties%2Flabour-party%2Fjeremy-corbyn%2Fnews%2F85762%2Fjeremy-corbyn-backs-john-mcdonnell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBush" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bush" title="Stephen Bush">Bush, Stephen</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/03/far-being-left-wing-radical-jeremy-corbyn-slouching-towards-milibandism">"Far from being a left-wing radical, Jeremy Corbyn is slouching towards Milibandism"</a>. 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Retrieved 10 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=Far+from+being+a+left-wing+radical%2C+Jeremy+Corbyn+is+slouching+towards+Milibandism&rft.aulast=Bush&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2Fuk%2F2017%2F03%2Ffar-being-left-wing-radical-jeremy-corbyn-slouching-towards-milibandism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaton2017" class="citation web cs1">Eaton, George (16 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/june2017/2017/05/labours-manifesto-more-keynesian-marxist">"Labour's manifesto is more Keynesian than Marxist"</a>. 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Retrieved 10 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=Labour%27s+manifesto+is+more+Keynesian+than+Marxist&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2Fjune2017%2F2017%2F05%2Flabours-manifesto-more-keynesian-marxist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan2023" class="citation news cs1">Brennan, Harry (9 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tax/news/how-jeremy-corbyns-hard-left-high-tax-manifesto-delivered/">"Corbyn's hard-Left vision for Britain is close to reality – thanks to the Tories"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030555/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/tax/news/how-jeremy-corbyns-hard-left-high-tax-manifesto-delivered/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024. Retrieved 9 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Corbyn%27s+hard-Left+vision+for+Britain+is+close+to+reality+%E2%80%93+thanks+to+the+Tories&rft.date=2023-03-09&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftax%2Fnews%2Fhow-jeremy-corbyns-hard-left-high-tax-manifesto-delivered%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LSOE-216"><a href="#cite_ref-LSOE_216-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCammaertsDeCilliaMagalhãesJimenez-Martinez2016" class="citation web cs1">Cammaerts, Bart; DeCillia, Brooks; Magalhães, João Carlos; Jimenez-Martinez, Cesar (August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lse.ac.uk/media-and-communications/research/research-projects/representations-of-jeremy-corbyn">"Journalistic Representations of Jeremy Corbyn in the British Press"</a>. London School of Economics and Political Science. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205211516/http://www.lse.ac.uk/media-and-communications/research/research-projects/representations-of-jeremy-corbyn">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 7 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Journalistic+Representations+of+Jeremy+Corbyn+in+the+British+Press&rft.pub=London+School+of+Economics+and+Political+Science&rft.date=2016-08&rft.aulast=Cammaerts&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.au=DeCillia%2C+Brooks&rft.au=Magalh%C3%A3es%2C+Jo%C3%A3o+Carlos&rft.au=Jimenez-Martinez%2C+Cesar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lse.ac.uk%2Fmedia-and-communications%2Fresearch%2Fresearch-projects%2Frepresentations-of-jeremy-corbyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-217"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_217-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHern2019" class="citation news cs1">Hern, Alex (12 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/12/uk-news-push-alerts-negative-labour-positive-tories">"UK news push alerts skew negative on Labour and positive for Tories"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200121202446/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/12/uk-news-push-alerts-negative-labour-positive-tories">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2020. Retrieved 7 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=UK+news+push+alerts+skew+negative+on+Labour+and+positive+for+Tories&rft.date=2019-12-12&rft.aulast=Hern&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2Fdec%2F12%2Fuk-news-push-alerts-negative-labour-positive-tories&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ind300716-218"><a href="#cite_ref-ind300716_218-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWorley2016" class="citation news cs1">Worley, Will (30 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/jeremy-corbyn-media-bias-labour-party-media-reform-coalition-birkbeck-a7163706.html">"Media 'persistently' biased against Jeremy Corbyn, academic study finds"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220608/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/jeremy-corbyn-media-bias-labour-party-media-reform-coalition-birkbeck-a7163706.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Media+%27persistently%27+biased+against+Jeremy+Corbyn%2C+academic+study+finds&rft.date=2016-07-30&rft.aulast=Worley&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fhome-news%2Fjeremy-corbyn-media-bias-labour-party-media-reform-coalition-birkbeck-a7163706.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thecon190716-219"><a href="#cite_ref-thecon190716_219-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMills2016" class="citation news cs1">Mills, Tom (19 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/media-bias-against-jeremy-corbyn-shows-how-politicised-reporting-has-become-71593">"Media bias against Jeremy Corbyn shows how politicised reporting has become"</a>. 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Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=Media+bias+against+Jeremy+Corbyn+shows+how+politicised+reporting+has+become&rft.date=2016-07-19&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fmedia-bias-against-jeremy-corbyn-shows-how-politicised-reporting-has-become-71593&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d25d2506sfb94s.cloudfront.net/cumulus_uploads/document/pvxdr2lh73/InternalResults_160830_LabourSelectorate.pdf">"YouGov Survey Results"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191222202135/https://d25d2506sfb94s.cloudfront.net/cumulus_uploads/document/pvxdr2lh73/InternalResults_160830_LabourSelectorate.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=YouGov+Survey+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd25d2506sfb94s.cloudfront.net%2Fcumulus_uploads%2Fdocument%2Fpvxdr2lh73%2FInternalResults_160830_LabourSelectorate.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ind190517-221"><a href="#cite_ref-ind190517_221-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffin2017" class="citation news cs1">Griffin, Andrew (19 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-theresa-may-reporting-bias-general-election-2017-labour-conservative-a7745401.html">"Jeremy Corbyn far more likely to be attacked by media than Theresa May, election reporting audit reveals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220608/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-theresa-may-reporting-bias-general-election-2017-labour-conservative-a7745401.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+far+more+likely+to+be+attacked+by+media+than+Theresa+May%2C+election+reporting+audit+reveals&rft.date=2017-05-19&rft.aulast=Griffin&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjeremy-corbyn-theresa-may-reporting-bias-general-election-2017-labour-conservative-a7745401.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-huffingtonpost-222"><a href="#cite_ref-huffingtonpost_222-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemianyk2017" class="citation news cs1">Demianyk, Graeme (19 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/newspaper-hostility-jeremy-corbyn-election_uk_591e49b1e4b03b485cb03123">"Jeremy Corbyn far more likely to be attacked by media than Theresa May, election reporting audit reveals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170608205235/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/newspaper-hostility-jeremy-corbyn-election_uk_591e49b1e4b03b485cb03123">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+far+more+likely+to+be+attacked+by+media+than+Theresa+May%2C+election+reporting+audit+reveals&rft.date=2017-05-19&rft.aulast=Demianyk&rft.aufirst=Graeme&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2Fentry%2Fnewspaper-hostility-jeremy-corbyn-election_uk_591e49b1e4b03b485cb03123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian250218-223"><a href="#cite_ref-guardian250218_223-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhomani2018" class="citation news cs1">Khomani, Nadia (25 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/feb/25/anti-corbyn-rightwing-press-attacks-boost-momentum-support-daily-mail">"Anti-Corbyn rightwing press attacks 'boost Momentum support'"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200109015053/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/feb/25/anti-corbyn-rightwing-press-attacks-boost-momentum-support-daily-mail">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Anti-Corbyn+rightwing+press+attacks+%27boost+Momentum+support%27&rft.date=2018-02-25&rft.aulast=Khomani&rft.aufirst=Nadia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2018%2Ffeb%2F25%2Fanti-corbyn-rightwing-press-attacks-boost-momentum-support-daily-mail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian250919-224"><a href="#cite_ref-guardian250919_224-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaterson2019" class="citation news cs1">Waterson, Jim (25 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/sep/25/labour-media-tactics-more-trumpian-admit-jeremy-corbyn">"Labour v Fleet Street: why Corbyn is picking a fight with the media"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200207010452/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/sep/25/labour-media-tactics-more-trumpian-admit-jeremy-corbyn">Archived</a> from the original on 7 February 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Labour+v+Fleet+Street%3A+why+Corbyn+is+picking+a+fight+with+the+media&rft.date=2019-09-25&rft.aulast=Waterson&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2Fsep%2F25%2Flabour-media-tactics-more-trumpian-admit-jeremy-corbyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2019" class="citation news cs1">Stone, Jon (21 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/uk-election-press-media-conservative-tory-labour-criticism-bias-a9255551.html">"British press dramatically cut criticism of ruling Tories for 2019 election, study finds"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220608/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/uk-election-press-media-conservative-tory-labour-criticism-bias-a9255551.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=British+press+dramatically+cut+criticism+of+ruling+Tories+for+2019+election%2C+study+finds&rft.date=2019-12-21&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fuk-election-press-media-conservative-tory-labour-criticism-bias-a9255551.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mee020620-226">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mee020620_226-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mee020620_226-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mee020620_226-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOborne2020" class="citation news cs1">Oborne, Peter (2 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/jeremy-corbyn-labour-british-media-campaign-destroy">"Jeremy Corbyn: British media waged campaign to destroy me"</a>. Middle East Eye. Middle East Eye. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200604105330/https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/jeremy-corbyn-labour-british-media-campaign-destroy">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Eye&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn%3A+British+media+waged+campaign+to+destroy+me&rft.date=2020-06-02&rft.aulast=Oborne&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.middleeasteye.net%2Fnews%2Fjeremy-corbyn-labour-british-media-campaign-destroy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Islington-227"><a href="#cite_ref-Islington_227-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCadwalladr2015" class="citation web cs1">Cadwalladr, Carole (9 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/09/blair-corbyn-islington-north-london-labour">"From Blair to Corbyn: the changing face of Islington, Labour's London heartland"</a>. The Observer. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712">0029-7712</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50230244">50230244</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160903013255/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/aug/09/blair-corbyn-islington-north-london-labour">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2016. 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Retrieved 24 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Mirror&rft.atitle=Who+is+Jeremy+Corbyn%27s+wife%3F+Inside+his+marriage+to+Laura+Alvarez%3A+Love%2C+politics%2C+vegetables+and+nights+in+watching+EastEnders&rft.date=2017-06-12&rft.aulast=Myall&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirror.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fwho-jeremy-corbyns-wife-laura-10392461&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHope2016" class="citation news cs1">Hope, Christopher (1 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/01/jeremy-corbyns-key-aide-claims-a-mole-in-his-inner-circle-leaks/">"Jeremy Corbyn's key aide claims a mole in his inner circle leaks his PMQs attack lines to the media in new fly-on-the-wall documentary"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602092559/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/01/jeremy-corbyns-key-aide-claims-a-mole-in-his-inner-circle-leaks/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2016. 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The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150815020557/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-signed-motion-saying-arsenal-is-the-best-football-team-in-the-world-10452120.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+signed+motion+saying+Arsenal+is+the+best+football+team+in+the+world&rft.date=2015-08-13&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjeremy-corbyn-signed-motion-saying-arsenal-is-the-best-football-team-in-the-world-10452120.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11670/10061820/jeremy-corbyn-joins-arsenal-fans-in-campaign-over-pay">"Jeremy Corbyn joins Arsenal fans in campaign over pay"</a>. Sky Sports. 8 November 2015. 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Retrieved 17 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn%3A+Admirers+of+drains+and+manhole+covers+find+a+hero+in+the+Labour+leader&rft.date=2015-09-26&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fhome-news%2Fjeremy-corbyn-admirers-of-drains-and-manhole-covers-find-a-hero-in-the-labour-leader-a6668401.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.orbooks.com/catalog/poetry-for-the-many/">Poetry for the Many</a>. 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Retrieved 31 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Corbyn+and+McDonnell+face+police+interview+after+pro-Palestinian+rally&rft.date=2025-01-19&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fclykrvp1g83o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-prize_2013-261"><a href="#cite_ref-prize_2013_261-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gandhifoundation.org/2014/01/09/the-gandhi-foundation-international-peace-award-2013">"The Gandhi Foundation International Peace Award 2013"</a>. gandhifoundation.org. 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Retrieved 2 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gandhifoundation.org&rft.atitle=The+Gandhi+Foundation+International+Peace+Award+2013&rft.date=2014-01-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgandhifoundation.org%2F2014%2F01%2F09%2Fthe-gandhi-foundation-international-peace-award-2013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113307/http://www.camdennewjournal.com/gulliver-jeremy-corbyn-mp-%E2%80%98gandhian-values%E2%80%99">"GULLIVER: Jeremy Corbyn – An MP with 'Gandhian values'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Camden_New_Journal" title="Camden New Journal">Camden New Journal</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grassrootdiplomat.org/whoswho">the original</a> on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Grassroot+Diplomat&rft.atitle=Grassroot+Diplomat+Who%27s+Who&rft.date=2015-03-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grassrootdiplomat.org%2Fwhoswho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalvern2002" class="citation news cs1">Malvern, Jack (10 January 2002). "Beards – Diary". The Times. London, UK.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Beards+%E2%80%93+Diary&rft.date=2002-01-10&rft.aulast=Malvern&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDathan2015" class="citation news cs1">Dathan, Matt (11 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-wins-parliamentary-beard-of-the-year-for-record-sixth-time-a6769616.html">"Jeremy Corbyn wins Parliamentary Beard of the Year for record sixth time"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151224231453/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-wins-parliamentary-beard-of-the-year-for-record-sixth-time-a6769616.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn+wins+Parliamentary+Beard+of+the+Year+for+record+sixth+time&rft.date=2015-12-11&rft.aulast=Dathan&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fjeremy-corbyn-wins-parliamentary-beard-of-the-year-for-record-sixth-time-a6769616.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAuld2016" class="citation news cs1">Auld, Tim (13 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/theatre/what-to-see/corbyn-the-musical--first-look-review-the-bearded-one-is-the-new/">"Corbyn: the Musical – first-look review: the bearded one is the news story that keeps giving"</a>. The Telegraph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/theatre/what-to-see/corbyn-the-musical--first-look-review-the-bearded-one-is-the-new/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Corbyn%3A+the+Musical+%E2%80%93+first-look+review%3A+the+bearded+one+is+the+news+story+that+keeps+giving&rft.date=2016-04-13&rft.aulast=Auld&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftheatre%2Fwhat-to-see%2Fcorbyn-the-musical--first-look-review-the-bearded-one-is-the-new%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer" class="citation web cs1">Palmer, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2017globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com/2017/profile/jeremy-corbyn?c0244ec121=">"Jeremy Corbyn"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Foreignpolicy.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreignpolicy.com">foreignpolicy.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190522223550/https://2017globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com/2017/profile/jeremy-corbyn?c0244ec121=">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=foreignpolicy.com&rft.atitle=Jeremy+Corbyn&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2017globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com%2F2017%2Fprofile%2Fjeremy-corbyn%3Fc0244ec121%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ipb-268"><a href="#cite_ref-ipb_268-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipb.org/activities/press-release-sean-macbride-peace-prize-2017/">"Press release: Séan MacBride Peace Prize 2017"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Bureau" title="International Peace Bureau">International Peace Bureau</a>. 6 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171210071600/http://www.ipb.org/activities/press-release-sean-macbride-peace-prize-2017/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+release%3A+S%C3%A9an+MacBride+Peace+Prize+2017&rft.pub=International+Peace+Bureau&rft.date=2017-09-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipb.org%2Factivities%2Fpress-release-sean-macbride-peace-prize-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><a href="#cite_ref-269">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWorrall2017" class="citation news cs1">Worrall, Patrick (11 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/factcheck-has-the-media-ignored-good-news-about-jeremy-corbyn">"Has the media ignored good news about Jeremy Corbyn?"</a>. Channel 4 News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171211182031/https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/factcheck-has-the-media-ignored-good-news-about-jeremy-corbyn">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Channel+4+News&rft.atitle=Has+the+media+ignored+good+news+about+Jeremy+Corbyn%3F&rft.date=2017-12-11&rft.aulast=Worrall&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fnews%2Ffactcheck%2Ffactcheck-has-the-media-ignored-good-news-about-jeremy-corbyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about Jeremy Corbyn <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Jeremy+Corbyn">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Jeremy+Corbyn&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Allen, Peter. "Political science, punditry, and the Corbyn problem". British Politics 15.1 (2020): 69–87 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/files/190180612/BP_Final_Accepted_Version.pdf">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210531073431/https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/files/190180612/BP_Final_Accepted_Version.pdf">Archived</a> 31 May 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Bolton, Matthew. "Conceptual Vandalism, Historical Distortion: The Labour Antisemitism Crisis and the Limits of Class Instrumentalism". Journal of Contemporary Antisemitism 3.2 (2020) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.academicstudiespress.com/index.php/JCA/article/view/55">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201104041307/http://journals.academicstudiespress.com/index.php/JCA/article/view/55">Archived</a> 4 November 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Bolton, Matt, and Frederick Harry Pitts, eds. Corbynism: A Critical Approach (Bingley: Emerald, 2018).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bower,_Tom" class="mw-redirect" title="Bower, Tom">Bower, Tom</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Hero_(Corbyn_biography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dangerous Hero (Corbyn biography)">Dangerous Hero: Corbyn's Ruthless Plot for Power</a> (2019) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-008-29957-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-008-29957-6">978-0-008-29957-6</a></li> <li>Cammaerts, Bart, Brooks DeCillia, and João Carlos Magalhães. "Journalistic transgressions in the representation of Jeremy Corbyn: From watchdog to attackdog". Journalism 21.2 (2020): 191–208 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/84338/1/Corbyn_Journalism_Revision_FINAL_Revised.pdf">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210427072152/http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/84338/1/Corbyn_Journalism_Revision_FINAL_Revised.pdf">Archived</a> 27 April 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Cawthorne, Nigel. Jeremy Corbyn: Leading from the Left. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1516971893" title="Special:BookSources/978-1516971893">978-1516971893</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrick2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Crick" title="Michael Crick">Crick, Michael</a> (10 March 2016). Militant. London: Biteback Publishing Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78590-029-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78590-029-7"><bdi>978-1-78590-029-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Militant&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Biteback+Publishing+Ltd&rft.date=2016-03-10&rft.isbn=978-1-78590-029-7&rft.aulast=Crick&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Gilbert, W. Stephen. <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn:_Accidental_Hero" title="Jeremy Corbyn: Accidental Hero">Jeremy Corbyn: Accidental Hero</a>. London: Eyeware Publishing Ltd (Squint Books series), 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-908998-89-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-908998-89-7">978-1-908998-89-7</a>.</li> <li>Hedges, Paul, and Luca Farrow. "UK Elections: Jeremy Corbyn, Anti-Semitism, and Islamophobia". RSIS Commentaries (2 January 2020) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/136691/2/CO20002.pdf">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106072947/https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/136691/2/CO20002.pdf">Archived</a> 6 November 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Knight, Sam (23 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/05/23/the-astonishing-rise-of-jeremy-corbyn">"Enter Left: will a fervent socialist reshape British politics or lead his party to irrelevance?"</a>. Letter from London. The New Yorker. Vol. 92, no. 15. pp. 28–35. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230930133405/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/05/23/the-astonishing-rise-of-jeremy-corbyn">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Enter+Left%3A+will+a+fervent+socialist+reshape+British+politics+or+lead+his+party+to+irrelevance%3F&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=15&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E28-%3C%2Fspan%3E35&rft.date=2016-05-23&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2016%2F05%2F23%2Fthe-astonishing-rise-of-jeremy-corbyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Manwaring, Rob, and Evan Smith. "Corbyn, British labour and policy change". British Politics 15.1 (2020): 25–47 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.academia.edu/download/62494015/Manwaring-Smith2020_Article_CorbynBritishLabourAndPolicyCh.pdf">online</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍].</li> <li>Mueller, Frank, Andrea Whittle, and Gyuzel Gadelshina. "The discursive construction of authenticity: The case of Jeremy Corbyn". Discourse, Context & Media 31 (2019): 100324 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://researchportal.northumbria.ac.uk/files/21474215/Corbyn_Paper_proxies_Forthcoming_2019_open_access_version.pdf">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709030555/https://researchportal.northumbria.ac.uk/files/21474215/Corbyn_Paper_proxies_Forthcoming_2019_open_access_version.pdf">Archived</a> 9 July 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Prince, Rosa. <a href="/wiki/Comrade_Corbyn" title="Comrade Corbyn">Comrade Corbyn</a>: A Very Unlikely Coup: How Jeremy Corbyn Stormed to the Labour Leadership (Biteback Publishing, 2016) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1849549967" title="Special:BookSources/978-1849549967">978-1849549967</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Sayle" title="Alexei Sayle">Sayle, Alexei</a> (narrator) (January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PXvaWz4gpTc">Oh, Jeremy Corbyn – The Big Lie</a>. Platform Films. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240419112311/https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=PXvaWz4gpTc">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oh%2C+Jeremy+Corbyn+%E2%80%93+The+Big+Lie&rft.pub=Platform+Films&rft.date=2023-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DPXvaWz4gpTc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJeremy+Corbyn" class="Z3988"> (59 mins)</li> <li>Seymour, Richard. Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics. Verso Books, 2016. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781784785314" title="Special:BookSources/9781784785314">9781784785314</a></li> <li>Sinha, Paresha, Owain Smolović Jones, and Brigid Carroll. "Theorizing dramaturgical resistance leadership from the leadership campaigns of Jeremy Corbyn". Human Relations (2019): 0018726719887310. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oro.open.ac.uk/68279/1/Dramaturgical%20resistance%20leadership.pdf">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200506222306/http://oro.open.ac.uk/68279/1/Dramaturgical%20resistance%20leadership.pdf">Archived</a> 6 May 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Watts, Jake, and Tim Bale. "Populism as an intra-party phenomenon: The British Labour party under Jeremy Corbyn". British Journal of Politics and International Relations 21.1 (2019): 99–115 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1369148118806115">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210531054134/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1369148118806115">Archived</a> 31 May 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Whiteley, Paul and others. "Oh Jeremy Corbyn! Why did Labour Party membership soar after the 2015 general election?". British Journal of Politics and International Relations 21.1 (2019): 80–98. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1369148118815408">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210601173930/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1369148118815408">Archived</a> 1 June 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jeremycorbyn.org.uk/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsky.app/profile/jeremycorbyn.bsky.social">Jeremy Corbyn</a> on <a href="/wiki/Bluesky" title="Bluesky">Bluesky</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291169#P12361" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/jeremycorbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291169#P2002" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.votecorbyn.com/">Campaign website for the 2024 general election</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/jeremy-corbyn/185">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=185">Contributions in Parliament</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-jeremy-corbyn">Contributions in Parliament</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard 1803–2005</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicwhip.org.uk/mp.php?mpn=Jeremy_Corbyn">Voting record</a> at <a href="/wiki/Public_Whip" title="Public Whip">Public Whip</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/jeremy_corbyn">Record in Parliament</a> at <a href="/wiki/TheyWorkForYou" title="TheyWorkForYou">TheyWorkForYou</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?1000753">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jeremy_Corbyn475" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Template:Jeremy Corbyn"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Template talk:Jeremy Corbyn"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jeremy Corbyn"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jeremy_Corbyn475" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a> (2015–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader of the Labour Party (UK)</a> (2015–2020)</li> <li>MP for <a href="/wiki/Islington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Islington North</a> (1983–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_leadership_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Labour Party leadership of Jeremy Corbyn">Leadership</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">Leadership campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn">Shadow Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_frontbench_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Opposition frontbench of Jeremy Corbyn">frontbench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_British_shadow_cabinet_resignations" title="2016 British shadow cabinet resignations">2016 mass resignations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_British_Labour_Party" title="Antisemitism in the British Labour Party">Antisemitism in the British Labour Party</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2,_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/100px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/150px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg/200px-Official_portrait_of_Jeremy_Corbyn_MP_crop_2%2C_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/File:Crowned_Portcullis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/50px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/75px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/100px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="550" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Political positions of Jeremy Corbyn">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Electoral history of Jeremy Corbyn">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momentum_(organisation)" title="Momentum (organisation)">Momentum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Alliance_(UK)" title="Independent Alliance (UK)">Independent Alliance (UK)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_education" title="Free education">Free education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_National_Education_Service" title="Proposed National Education Service">Proposed National Education Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">Nuclear disarmament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Quantitative_Easing" title="People's Quantitative Easing">People's Quantitative Easing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renationalisation_of_British_Rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Renationalisation of British Rail">Renationalisation of British Rail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2015 (party leadership)</a></li> <li>2016 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2016 United Kingdom local elections">local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">party leadership challenge</a></li></ul></li> <li>2017 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">general</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2018 United Kingdom local elections">2018 (local)</a></li> <li>2019 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2019 United Kingdom local elections">local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">general</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piers_Corbyn" title="Piers Corbyn">Piers Corbyn</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In the media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comrade_Corbyn" title="Comrade Corbyn">Comrade Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbyn:_The_Strange_Rebirth_of_Radical_Politics" title="Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics">Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn:_Accidental_Hero" title="Jeremy Corbyn: Accidental Hero">Jeremy Corbyn: Accidental Hero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh_Jeremy_Corbyn:_the_big_lie" class="mw-redirect" title="Oh Jeremy Corbyn: the big lie">Oh Jeremy Corbyn: the big lie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Left%27s_Jewish_Problem" title="The Left's Jewish Problem">The Left's Jewish Problem: Jeremy Corbyn, Israel and Anti‑Semitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_(snail)" title="Jeremy (snail)">Jeremy (snail)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbynmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Corbynmania">Corbynmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbyn_wreath-laying_controversy" title="Corbyn wreath-laying controversy">Corbyn wreath-laying controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_%26_Justice_Project" title="Peace & Justice Project">Peace & Justice Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islington_North_in_the_2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Islington North in the 2024 United Kingdom general election">Islington North in the 2024 United Kingdom general election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Category:Jeremy Corbyn">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Social_democracy499" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Social_democracy" title="Template:Social democracy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Social_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Social democracy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Social_democracy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Social democracy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Social_democracy499" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_social_democracy" title="History of social democracy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Declaration" title="Frankfurt Declaration">Frankfurt Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godesberg_Program" title="Godesberg Program">Godesberg Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalist%E2%80%93defencist_schism" title="Internationalist–defencist schism">Internationalist–defencist schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keynesian_economics" title="Keynesian economics">Keynesianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labor movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Marxism" title="Orthodox Marxism">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionism_(Marxism)" title="Revisionism (Marxism)">Revisionist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy#Second_International_era_and_reform_or_revolution_dispute_(1889–1914)" title="Social democracy">Reformist–revolutionary dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_capitalism" title="Welfare capitalism">Welfare capitalism</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding: 0.5em;"><div><a href="/wiki/Rose_(symbolism)#Socialism_and_social_democracy" title="Rose (symbolism)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Red_rose_02.svg/75px-Red_rose_02.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Red_rose_02.svg/113px-Red_rose_02.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Red_rose_02.svg/150px-Red_rose_02.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="579" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">Civil liberties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Marxism" title="Democracy in Marxism">Marxist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirigisme" title="Dirigisme">Dirigisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_protection" title="Environmental protection">Environmental protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">Fair trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradualism" title="Gradualism">Gradualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)#Socialism" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">Land reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_rights" title="Labor rights">Labor rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">Mixed economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_and_positive_rights" title="Negative and positive rights">Negative and positive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformist_Left" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformist Left">Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_corporatism" title="Social corporatism">Social corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_justice" title="Social justice">Social justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Social market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartisme" title="Tripartisme">Tripartisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_spending" title="Welfare spending">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein#Opinions" title="Eduard Bernstein">Evolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">Socialism of the 21st century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democrats" title="List of social democrats">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Ardern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obafemi_Awolowo" title="Obafemi Awolowo">Awolowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Batlle_y_Ord%C3%B3%C3%B1ez" title="José Batlle y Ordóñez">Batlle y Ordóñez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">Ben-Gurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3mulo_Betancourt" title="Rómulo Betancourt">Betancourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Lázaro Cárdenas">Cárdenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettino_Craxi" title="Bettino Craxi">Craxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Crosland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin" title="John Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Daszy%C5%84ski" title="Ignacy Daszyński">Daszyński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Douglas" title="Tommy Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Drees" title="Willem Drees">Drees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Ecevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fraser" title="Peter Fraser">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Goulart" title="João Goulart">Goulart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hilferding" title="Rudolf Hilferding">Hilferding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jaurès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsun_Chang" title="Carsun Chang">Junmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Katayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kerensky" title="Alexander Kerensky">Kerensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_K%C3%A9thly" title="Anna Kéthly">Kéthly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos" title="Ricardo Lagos">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Layton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque" title="René Lévesque">Lévesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Liebknecht" title="Wilhelm Liebknecht">Liebknecht (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht" title="Karl Liebknecht">Liebknecht (son)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evo_Morales" title="Evo Morales">Morales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Myrdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Prodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Michael Joseph Savage">Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorvald_Stauning" title="Thorvald Stauning">Stauning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas" title="Norman Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Den Uyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Webb,_1st_Baron_Passfield" title="Sidney Webb, 1st Baron Passfield">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._S._Woodsworth" title="J. S. Woodsworth">Woodsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noe_Zhordania" title="Noe Zhordania">Zhordania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democratic_parties" title="List of social democratic parties">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Socialist_Youth" title="International Union of Socialist Youth">International Union of Socialist Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance" title="Progressive Alliance">Progressive Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_International" title="Socialist International">Socialist International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_European_Socialists" title="Young European Socialists">Young European Socialists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="History of the Social Democratic Party of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Social democracy in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Socialism965" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialism" title="Template:Socialism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Socialism" title="Template talk:Socialism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism"><abbr title="Edit this 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socialism">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_feminism" title="Socialist feminism">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-socialism" title="Eco-socialism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guild_socialism" title="Guild socialism">Guild</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">Syndicalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_socialism" title="Scientific socialism">Scientific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fourierism" title="Fourierism">Fourierism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icarians" title="Icarians">Icarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owenism" title="Owenism">Owenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Simonianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Simonianism">Saint-Simonianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">Technocracy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hal_Draper" title="Hal Draper">from below</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collectivist_anarchism" title="Collectivist anarchism">Collectivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarcho-communism">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Free-market</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire#Socialism" title="Laissez-faire">Left-wing laissez-faire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_market_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-wing market anarchism">Left-wing market</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_anarchism" title="Green anarchism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualist_anarchism" title="Individualist anarchism">Individualist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurrectionary_anarchism" title="Insurrectionary anarchism">Insurrectionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magonism" title="Magonism">Magonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)" title="Mutualism (economic theory)">Mutualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neozapatismo" title="Neozapatismo">Neozapatismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platformism" title="Platformism">Platformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (Bookchin)">Communalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_anarchism" title="Social anarchism">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism" title="Anarcho-syndicalism">Syndicalist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-libertarianism" title="Left-libertarianism">Left-libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Marxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Marxism">Libertarian Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Left_communism" title="Left communism">Left communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg#Thought" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburgism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_spontaneity#Mao-Spontex" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary spontaneity">Mao-Spontex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Pablo" title="Michel Pablo">Pabloism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_International_Posadist" title="Fourth International Posadist">Posadism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Trotskyism" title="Orthodox Trotskyism">Orthodox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_camp" title="Third camp">Third camp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism" title="Authoritarian socialism">Authoritarian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism#Socialism_from_above" title="Authoritarian socialism">from above</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barracks_communism" title="Barracks communism">Barracks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Nechayev" title="Sergey Nechayev">Nechayevism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanquism" title="Blanquism">Blanquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevism" title="Bolshevism">Bolshevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine" title="Brezhnev Doctrine">Brezhnevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fidel_Castro" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Fidel Castro">Castroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu#Ceaușescu's_policies" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Ceaușism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husakism" title="Husakism">Husakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash_Communism" title="Goulash Communism">Kadarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrushchevism" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchevism">Khrushchevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping_Theory" title="Deng Xiaoping Theory">Dengism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism_(Third_Worldism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maoism (Third Worldism)">Maoism–Third Worldism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Thought" title="Gonzalo Thought">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism%E2%80%93Prachanda_Path" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought" title="Xi Jinping Thought">Xi Jinping Thought</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Stalinism" title="Neo-Stalinism">Neo-Stalinism</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bolshevism" title="National Bolshevism">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Tkachev" title="Pyotr Tkachev">Tkachevism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lassallism" title="Lassallism">Lassallism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_socialism" title="Religious socialism">Religious</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_socialism" title="Buddhist socialism">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_socialism" title="Christian socialism">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">communism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_socialism" title="Islamic socialism">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_left" title="Jewish left">Jewish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_socialism" title="African socialism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Caribbean_leftism" title="Afro-Caribbean leftism">African-Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_socialism" title="Arab socialism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarianism" title="Bolivarianism">Bolivarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Principles_of_the_People" title="Three Principles of the People">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_ideology_of_the_Kuomintang" title="Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang">Nationalist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiangism" title="Chiangism">Chiangist</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">European</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">Eurocommunism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhian_socialism" title="Gandhian socialism">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Zionism" title="Labor Zionism">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marhaenism" title="Marhaenism">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_socialism" title="Melanesian socialism">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neozapatismo" title="Neozapatismo">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">In one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_socialism" title="Real socialism">Real</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Socialism in Sri Lanka">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_World_socialism" title="Third World socialism">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Yugoslav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key topics and issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist economics">Anarchist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_capitalism" title="Criticism of capitalism">Criticism of capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_socialism" title="Criticism of socialism">Criticism of socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_work" title="Critique of work">Critique of work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egalitarianism" title="Egalitarianism">Egalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_equal_liberty#Equal_liberty" title="Law of equal liberty">Equal liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_opportunity" title="Equal opportunity">Equality of opportunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_of_outcome" title="Equality of outcome">Equality of outcome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_anarchism" title="History of anarchism">History of anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">History of communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">History of socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_social_democracy" title="History of social democracy">History of social democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impossibilism" title="Impossibilism">Impossibilism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">Land reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">Mixed economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_of_production" title="Mode of production">Mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanosocialism" title="Nanosocialism">Nanosocialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">Planned economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-capitalism" title="Post-capitalism">Post-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_revolution" title="Proletarian revolution">Proletarian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionism_(Marxism)" title="Revisionism (Marxism)">Revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ownership" title="Social ownership">Socialisation of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">Socialist market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">State capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_council" title="Workers' council">Workers' council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhocracy" title="Adhocracy">Adhocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist economics">Anarchist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_basic_income" title="Universal basic income">Basic income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calculation_in_kind" title="Calculation in kind">Calculation in kind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">Cooperative ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Decentralized_planning" title="Planned economy">Decentralized planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_democracy" title="Direct democracy">Direct democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_planning" title="Economic planning">Economic planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_opportunity" title="Equal opportunity">Equal opportunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association of producers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor-time_calculation" title="Labor-time calculation">Labor-time calculation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_voucher" title="Labour voucher">Labour voucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Organizational self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_for_use" title="Production for use">Production for use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_ownership" title="State ownership">Public ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_dividend" title="Social dividend">Social dividend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">Technocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_democracy" title="Workplace democracy">Workplace democracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialists" title="Category:Socialists">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Campanella" title="Tommaso Campanella">Tommaso Campanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Gracchus Babeuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_d%27Hupay" title="Victor d'Hupay">Victor d'Hupay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Bonnot_de_Mably" title="Gabriel Bonnot de Mably">Gabriel Bonnot de Mably</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvain_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Sylvain Maréchal">Sylvain Maréchal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne-Gabriel_Morelly" title="Étienne-Gabriel Morelly">Étienne-Gabriel Morelly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Pearl_Andrews" title="Stephen Pearl Andrews">Stephen Pearl Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Mikhail Bakunin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Goodwyn_Barmby" title="John Goodwyn Barmby">John Goodwyn Barmby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Barone" title="Enrico Barone">Enrico Barone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">August Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bellamy" title="Edward Bellamy">Edward Bellamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Eduard Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Louis Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Blanqui" title="Louis Auguste Blanqui">Louis Auguste Blanqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Buchez" title="Philippe Buchez">Philippe Buchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner" title="Georg Büchner">Georg Büchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Buonarroti" title="Philippe Buonarroti">Philippe Buonarroti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Largo_Caballero" title="Francisco Largo Caballero">Francisco Largo Caballero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cabet" title="Étienne Cabet">Étienne Cabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Carpenter" title="Edward Carpenter">Edward Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Chernyshevsky" title="Nikolay Chernyshevsky">Nikolay Chernyshevsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">James Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Prosper_Considerant" title="Victor Prosper Considerant">Victor Prosper Considerant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_D%C3%A9mar" title="Claire Démar">Claire Démar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_D%C3%A9zamy" title="Théodore Dézamy">Théodore Dézamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">W. E. B. Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy-Prosper_Enfantin" title="Barthélemy-Prosper Enfantin">Prosper Enfantin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Charles Fourier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Emma Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Batchelder_Greene" title="William Batchelder Greene">William Batchelder Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hall_(economist)" title="Charles Hall (economist)">Charles Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Herzen" title="Alexander Herzen">Alexander Herzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hodgskin" title="Thomas Hodgskin">Thomas Hodgskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jean Jaurès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones" title="Mother Jones">Mother Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Karl Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lafargue" title="Paul Lafargue">Paul Lafargue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Ferdinand Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Lavrov" title="Pyotr Lavrov">Pyotr Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Auguste_Ledru-Rollin" title="Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin">Alexandre Ledru-Rollin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Leroux" title="Pierre Leroux">Pierre Leroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Macfarlane" title="Helen Macfarlane">Helen Macfarlane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Errico Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Michel" title="Louise Michel">Louise Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Mikhaylovsky" title="Nikolay Mikhaylovsky">Nikolay Mikhaylovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Robert Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Antonie Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pascoli" title="Giovanni Pascoli">Giovanni Pascoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Pecqueur" title="Constantin Pecqueur">Constantin Pecqueur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Georgi Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon" title="Pierre-Joseph Proudhon">Pierre-Joseph Proudhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Emilio_Recabarren" title="Luis Emilio Recabarren">Luis Emilio Recabarren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Henri de Saint-Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Saltykov-Shchedrin" title="Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin">Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sand" title="George Sand">George Sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Schulz" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz">Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Sue" title="Eugène Sue">Eugène Sue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysander_Spooner" title="Lysander Spooner">Lysander Spooner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Taylor" title="Fred M. Taylor">Fred M. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thompson_(philosopher)" title="William Thompson (philosopher)">William Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Tkachev" title="Pyotr Tkachev">Pyotr Tkachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tucker" title="Benjamin Tucker">Benjamin Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Voilquin" title="Suzanne Voilquin">Suzanne Voilquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Warren" title="Josiah Warren">Josiah Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Weitling" title="Wilhelm Weitling">Wilhelm Weitling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Tariq Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende">Salvador Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inejir%C5%8D_Asanuma" title="Inejirō Asanuma">Inejirō Asanuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafez_al-Assad" title="Hafez al-Assad">Hafez al-Assad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aung_San" title="Aung San">Aung San</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Barbusse" title="Henri Barbusse">Henri Barbusse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyoti_Basu" title="Jyoti Basu">Jyoti Basu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Walter Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Léon Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Lee_Boggs" title="Grace Lee Boggs">Grace Lee Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Murray Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristide_Briand" title="Aristide Briand">Aristide Briand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Nikolai Bukharin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis" title="Cornelius Castoriadis">Cornelius Castoriadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._D._H._Cole" title="G. D. H. Cole">G. D. H. Cole</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_D%C3%A9at" title="Marcel Déat">Marcel Déat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Guy Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Eugene V. Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dewey" title="John Dewey">John Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek" title="Alexander Dubček">Alexander Dubček</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faiz_Ahmad_Faiz" title="Faiz Ahmad Faiz">Faiz Ahmad Faiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Einar Gerhardsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Gorky" title="Maxim Gorky">Maxim Gorky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Antonio Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safdar_Hashmi" title="Safdar Hashmi">Safdar Hashmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Eric Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Ib%C3%A1rruri" title="Dolores Ibárruri">Dolores Ibárruri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Iglesias_Posse" title="Pablo Iglesias Posse">Pablo Iglesias Posse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayaprakash_Narayan" title="Jayaprakash Narayan">Jayaprakash Narayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Jacoby" title="Russell Jacoby">Russell Jacoby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong-il" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Jong-il">Kim Jong-il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Alexandra Kollontai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Larkin" title="James Larkin">James Larkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Jack Layton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Lefebvre" title="Henri Lefebvre">Henri Lefebvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lefort" title="Claude Lefort">Claude Lefort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">György Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Rosa Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Xun" title="Lu Xun">Lu Xun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">Alasdair MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Nestor Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Mari%C3%A1tegui" title="José Carlos Mariátegui">José Carlos Mariátegui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_Marquet" title="Adrien Marquet">Adrien Marquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Dun" title="Mao Dun">Mao Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salama_Moussa" title="Salama Moussa">Salama Moussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imre_Nagy" title="Imre Nagy">Imre Nagy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Niekisch" title="Ernst Niekisch">Ernst Niekisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ne_Win" title="Ne Win">Ne Win</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Pankhurst" title="Sylvia Pankhurst">Sylvia Pankhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Paterson" title="Fred Paterson">Fred Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Polanyi" title="Karl Polanyi">Karl Polanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Renaudel" title="Pierre Renaudel">Pierre Renaudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._T._Ranadive" title="B. T. Ranadive">B. T. Ranadive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Salvemini" title="Gaetano Salvemini">Gaetano Salvemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Scargill" title="Arthur Scargill">Arthur Scargill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Léopold Sédar Senghor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._H._Tawney" title="R. H. Tawney">R. H. Tawney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._P._Thompson" title="E. P. Thompson">E. P. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Toller" title="Ernst Toller">Ernst Toller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Leon Trotsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Manohar_Lohia" title="Ram Manohar Lohia">Ram Manohar Lohia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">H. G. Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">Cornel West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Zetkin" title="Clara Zetkin">Clara Zetkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Zinn" title="Howard Zinn">Howard Zinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Posadas" title="J. Posadas">J. Posadas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Castillo" title="Pedro Castillo">Pedro Castillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Hugo Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Crow" title="Bob Crow">Bob Crow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemal_K%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7daro%C4%9Flu" title="Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu">Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong_Un" title="Kim Jong Un">Kim Jong Un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lula_da_Silva" class="mw-redirect" title="Lula da Silva">Lula da Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evo_Morales" title="Evo Morales">Evo Morales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanis_Varoufakis" title="Yanis Varoufakis">Yanis Varoufakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaush" title="Vaush">Vaush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_organizations" title="Category:Socialist organizations">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_socialist_organizations" title="Category:International socialist organizations">International socialist organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_parties" title="Category:Socialist parties">Socialist parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_calculation_problem" title="Economic calculation problem">Economic calculation problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_philosophy" title="Marxist philosophy">Marxist philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Left" title="Old Left">Old Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialism_by_state" title="Template:Socialism by state">Socialism by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_calculation_debate" title="Socialist calculation debate">Socialist calculation debate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Socialism" title="Category:Socialism">Categories</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Socialism" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Socialism">Socialism WikiProject</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Syndicalism.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/16px-Syndicalism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/24px-Syndicalism.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/32px-Syndicalism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Organized_Labour" title="Portal:Organized Labour">Organized Labour portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Independent_MPs_in_the_UK_House_of_Commons364" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Independent_MPs_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Independent MPs in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Independent_MPs_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Independent MPs in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Independent_MPs_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Independent MPs in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent_MPs_in_the_UK_House_of_Commons364" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">MPs</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">UK House of Commons</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DCDCDC;;width:1%">Elected as independents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shockat_Adam" title="Shockat Adam">Shockat Adam</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Easton" title="Alex Easton">Alex Easton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_Hussain" title="Adnan Hussain">Adnan Hussain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayoub_Khan" title="Ayoub Khan">Ayoub Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iqbal_Mohamed" title="Iqbal Mohamed">Iqbal Mohamed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DCDCDC;;width:1%">Suspended from party whip</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Amesbury" title="Mike Amesbury">Mike Amesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apsana_Begum" title="Apsana Begum">Apsana Begum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gwynne" title="Andrew Gwynne">Andrew Gwynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Ryan_(politician)" title="Oliver Ryan (politician)">Oliver Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarah_Sultana" title="Zarah Sultana">Zarah Sultana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#DCDCDC;;width:1%">Resigned party whip</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosie_Duffield" title="Rosie Duffield">Rosie Duffield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_party_and_independent_MPs_elected_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of minor party and independent MPs elected in the United Kingdom">List of minor party and independent MPs elected in the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Offices_and_distinctions91" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Offices_and_distinctions91" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Offices and distinctions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michael_O%27Halloran_(British_politician)" title="Michael O'Halloran (British politician)">Michael O'Halloran</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Islington_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)">Islington North</a> <a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a>–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader of the Labour Party</a> 2015–2020 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Keir_Starmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Keir Starmer">Sir Keir Starmer</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harriet Harman</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a> 2015–2020 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Keir_Starmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Keir Starmer">Sir Keir Starmer</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid lightgreen">Non-profit organisation positions </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Murray_(trade_unionist)" title="Andrew Murray (trade unionist)">Andrew Murray</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Chair of the Stop the War Coalition</a> 2011–2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Murray_(trade_unionist)" title="Andrew Murray (trade unionist)">Andrew Murray</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;">Awards and achievements </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Saint_John_Eye_Hospital_Group" title="Saint John Eye Hospital Group">Saint John Eye Hospital Group</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Gandhi_International_Peace_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandhi International Peace Award">Laureate of the Gandhi International Peace Award</a> 2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bader_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Bader Commonwealth">Scott Bader Commonwealth</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Driver" title="Adam Driver">Adam Driver</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/GQ" title="GQ">British GQ</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_on_the_cover_of_GQ" title="List of people on the cover of GQ">Cover of the Month</a> 2018 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michael_B._Jordan" title="Michael B. Jordan">Michael B. Jordan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/Orders_of_precedence_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Orders of precedence in the United Kingdom">Orders of precedence in the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Steve_Webb" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Steve Webb">Sir Steve Webb</a> as Privy Counsellor</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_England_and_Wales#Gentlemen" title="Order of precedence in England and Wales">Gentlemen</a> Privy Counsellor </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_David_Evennett" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir David Evennett">Sir David Evennett</a> as Privy Counsellor</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_relating_to_Jeremy_Corbyn101" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_relating_to_Jeremy_Corbyn101" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles relating to Jeremy Corbyn</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_Labour1245" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Labour_Party_Leader" title="Template:Labour Party Leader"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Labour_Party_Leader" title="Template talk:Labour Party Leader"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Labour_Party_Leader" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Labour Party Leader"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_Labour1245" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leaders of Labour</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Keir Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Arthur Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Barnes_(British_politician)" title="George Barnes (British politician)">George Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Arthur Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Adamson" title="William Adamson">William Adamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Clynes" title="J. R. Clynes">J. R. Clynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Arthur Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">George Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Herbert Morrison</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Hugh Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brown,_Baron_George-Brown" title="George Brown, Baron George-Brown">George Brown, Baron George-Brown</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Kinnock" title="Neil Kinnock">Neil Kinnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Margaret Beckett</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Gordon Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harriet Harman</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harriet Harman</a>^</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Deputy Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Clynes" title="J. R. Clynes">Clynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Graham_(Edinburgh_MP)" title="William Graham (Edinburgh MP)">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Griffiths" title="Jim Griffiths">Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aneurin_Bevan" title="Aneurin Bevan">Bevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brown,_Baron_George-Brown" title="George Brown, Baron George-Brown">George Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Denis Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Hattersley" title="Roy Hattersley">Roy Hattersley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Margaret Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prescott" title="John Prescott">John Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harriet Harman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Watson,_Baron_Watson_of_Wyre_Forest" title="Tom Watson, Baron Watson of Wyre Forest">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Rayner" title="Angela Rayner">Angela Rayner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Labour_Party" title="General Secretary of the Labour Party">General Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Middleton_(political_organiser)" title="James Middleton (political organiser)">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Phillips" title="Morgan Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Williams_(politician)" title="Leonard Williams (politician)">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Barker" title="Sara Barker">Barker</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Nicholas" title="Harry Nicholas">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Hayward" title="Ron Hayward">Hayward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Mortimer" title="Jim Mortimer">Mortimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Whitty,_Baron_Whitty" title="Larry Whitty, Baron Whitty">Whitty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Sawyer,_Baron_Sawyer" title="Tom Sawyer, Baron Sawyer">Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_McDonagh,_Baroness_McDonagh" title="Margaret McDonagh, Baroness McDonagh">McDonagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Triesman,_Baron_Triesman" title="David Triesman, Baron Triesman">Triesman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Carter_(politician)" title="Matt Carter (politician)">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Watt" title="Peter Watt">Watt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Collins,_Baron_Collins_of_Highbury" title="Ray Collins, Baron Collins of Highbury">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_McNicol" title="Iain McNicol">McNicol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennie_Formby" title="Jennie Formby">Formby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Evans_(political_official)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Evans (political official)">Evans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_Labour_Party" title="Treasurer of the Labour Party">Treasurers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lathan" title="George Lathan">Lathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aneurin_Bevan" title="Aneurin Bevan">Bevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Nicholas" title="Harry Nicholas">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_Davies_(trade_unionist)" title="Dai Davies (trade unionist)">Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Atkinson" title="Norman Atkinson">Atkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Varley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Booth" title="Albert Booth">Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_McCluskie" title="Sam McCluskie">McCluskie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Burlison" title="Tom Burlison">Burlison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Prosser,_Baroness_Prosser" title="Margaret Prosser, Baroness Prosser">Prosser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Elsby" title="Jimmy Elsby">Elsby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dromey" title="Jack Dromey">Dromey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Holland" title="Diana Holland">Holland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_in_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the Labour Party in the House of Lords">Leaders in the Lords</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane,_1st_Viscount_Haldane" title="Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane">Haldane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cripps,_1st_Baron_Parmoor" title="Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor">Cripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ponsonby,_1st_Baron_Ponsonby_of_Shulbrede" title="Arthur Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby of Shulbrede">Ponsonby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Snell,_1st_Baron_Snell" title="Harry Snell, 1st Baron Snell">Snell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Addison,_1st_Viscount_Addison" title="Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jowitt,_1st_Earl_Jowitt" title="William Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt">Jowitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._V._Alexander,_1st_Earl_Alexander_of_Hillsborough" title="A. V. Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Hillsborough">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford">Pakenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Shackleton,_Baron_Shackleton" title="Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton">Shackleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Shepherd,_2nd_Baron_Shepherd" title="Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd">Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart,_Baron_Peart" title="Fred Peart, Baron Peart">Peart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledwyn_Hughes,_Baron_Cledwyn_of_Penrhos" title="Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Richard" title="Ivor Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Jay,_Baroness_Jay_of_Paddington" title="Margaret Jay, Baroness Jay of Paddington">Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gareth_Williams,_Baron_Williams_of_Mostyn" title="Gareth Williams, Baron Williams of Mostyn">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Amos,_Baroness_Amos" title="Valerie Amos, Baroness Amos">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Ashton" title="Catherine Ashton">Ashton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Royall,_Baroness_Royall_of_Blaisdon" title="Janet Royall, Baroness Royall of Blaisdon">Royall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Smith,_Baroness_Smith_of_Basildon" title="Angela Smith, Baroness Smith of Basildon">Smith of Basildon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour" title="Scottish Labour">Scottish Labour Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Dewar" title="Donald Dewar">Dewar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_McLeish" title="Henry McLeish">McLeish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Jamieson" title="Cathy Jamieson">Jamieson</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_McConnell" title="Jack McConnell">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Jamieson" title="Cathy Jamieson">Jamieson</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Alexander" title="Wendy Alexander">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Jamieson" title="Cathy Jamieson">Jamieson</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Gray" title="Iain Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Lamont" title="Johann Lamont">Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anas_Sarwar" title="Anas Sarwar">Sarwar</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Murphy" title="Jim Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Gray" title="Iain Gray">Gray</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kezia_Dugdale" title="Kezia Dugdale">Dugdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Rowley" title="Alex Rowley">Rowley</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Baillie" title="Jackie Baillie">Baillie</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Leonard" title="Richard Leonard">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anas_Sarwar" title="Anas Sarwar">Sarwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Labour_Party" title="Parliamentary Labour Party">PLP Chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Barnes_(British_politician)" title="George Barnes (British politician)">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hodge_(politician)" title="John Hodge (politician)">Hodge</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wardle" title="George Wardle">Wardle</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Adamson" title="William Adamson">Adamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Clynes" title="J. R. Clynes">Clynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Lees-Smith" title="Hastings Lees-Smith">Lees-Smith</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Pethick-Lawrence,_1st_Baron_Pethick-Lawrence" title="Frederick Pethick-Lawrence, 1st Baron Pethick-Lawrence">Pethick-Lawrence</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Houghton,_Baron_Houghton_of_Sowerby" title="Douglas Houghton, Baron Houghton of Sowerby">Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Mikardo" title="Ian Mikardo">Mikardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledwyn_Hughes,_Baron_Cledwyn_of_Penrhos" title="Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Willey" title="Fred Willey">Willey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dormand" title="Jack Dormand">Dormand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Orme" title="Stan Orme">Orme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Hoyle" title="Doug Hoyle">Hoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clive_Soley" title="Clive Soley">Soley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Corston,_Baroness_Corston" title="Jean Corston, Baroness Corston">Corston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Clwyd" title="Ann Clwyd">Clwyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Lloyd" title="Tony Lloyd">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Watts,_Baron_Watts" title="David Watts, Baron Watts">Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cryer" title="John Cryer">Cryer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliamentary_Labour_Party" title="European Parliamentary Labour Party">EPLP Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stewart,_Baron_Stewart_of_Fulham" title="Michael Stewart, Baron Stewart of Fulham">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prescott" title="John Prescott">Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Castle" title="Barbara Castle">Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alf_Lomas" title="Alf Lomas">Lomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Martin_(Scottish_politician)" title="David Martin (Scottish politician)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Seal_(politician)" title="Barry Seal (politician)">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glyn_Ford" title="Glyn Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Green" title="Pauline Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_David" title="Wayne David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Donnelly" title="Alan Donnelly">Donnelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Murphy_(British_politician)" title="Simon Murphy (British politician)">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Titley" title="Gary Titley">Titley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenis_Willmott" title="Glenis Willmott">Willmott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Corbett" title="Richard Corbett">Corbett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Opposition_of_the_United_Kingdom170" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leaders_of_the_Opposition_UK" title="Template:Leaders of the Opposition UK"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leaders_of_the_Opposition_UK" title="Template talk:Leaders of the Opposition UK"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders_of_the_Opposition_UK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders of the Opposition UK"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Opposition_of_the_United_Kingdom170" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leaders of the Opposition of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Fox" title="Charles James Fox">Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grey,_2nd_Earl_Grey" title="Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey">Howick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ponsonby" title="George Ponsonby">Ponsonby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tierney" title="George Tierney">Tierney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer,_3rd_Earl_Spencer" title="John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer">Althorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_George_Bentinck" title="Lord George Bentinck">Bentinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manners,_6th_Duke_of_Rutland" title="Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland">Granby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manners,_6th_Duke_of_Rutland" title="Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland">Granby</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Herries" title="John Charles Herries">Herries</a>/<a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">Palmerston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Cavendish,_8th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire">Hartington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Northcote,_1st_Earl_of_Iddesleigh" title="Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh">Northcote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hicks_Beach,_1st_Earl_St_Aldwyn" title="Michael Hicks Beach, 1st Earl St Aldwyn">Hicks Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Harcourt_(politician)" title="William Harcourt (politician)">Harcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman">Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chamberlain" title="Joseph Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonar_Law" title="Bonar Law">Law</a></li> <li>Vacant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Carson" title="Edward Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">Asquith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Maclean_(British_politician)" title="Donald Maclean (British politician)">Maclean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">Asquith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Lees-Smith" title="Hastings Lees-Smith">Lees-Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Pethick-Lawrence,_1st_Baron_Pethick-Lawrence" title="Frederick Pethick-Lawrence, 1st Baron Pethick-Lawrence">Pethick-Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brown,_Baron_George-Brown" title="George Brown, Baron George-Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Douglas-Home" title="Alec Douglas-Home">Douglas-Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Kinnock" title="Neil Kinnock">Kinnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hague" title="William Hague">Hague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Duncan_Smith" title="Iain Duncan Smith">Duncan Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howard" title="Michael Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Miliband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Sunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemi_Badenoch" title="Kemi Badenoch">Badenoch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Grenville,_1st_Baron_Grenville" title="William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville">Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grey,_2nd_Earl_Grey" title="Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey">Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Derby (Stanley)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Harris,_3rd_Earl_of_Malmesbury" title="James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury">Malmesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Cairns,_1st_Earl_Cairns" title="Hugh Cairns, 1st Earl Cairns">Cairns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gordon-Lennox,_6th_Duke_of_Richmond" title="Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Beaconsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wodehouse,_1st_Earl_of_Kimberley" title="John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley">Kimberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">Rosebery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wodehouse,_1st_Earl_of_Kimberley" title="John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley">Kimberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer,_5th_Earl_Spencer" title="John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Robinson,_1st_Marquess_of_Ripon" title="George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_5th_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne">5th Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crewe-Milnes,_1st_Marquess_of_Crewe" title="Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe">Crewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Curzon,_1st_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston" title="George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston">Curzon of Kedleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane,_1st_Viscount_Haldane" title="Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane">Haldane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cripps,_1st_Baron_Parmoor" title="Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor">Parmoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Gascoyne-Cecil,_4th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury">4th Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hogg,_1st_Viscount_Hailsham" title="Douglas Hogg, 1st Viscount Hailsham">Hailsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cripps,_1st_Baron_Parmoor" title="Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor">Parmoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ponsonby,_1st_Baron_Ponsonby_of_Shulbrede" title="Arthur Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby of Shulbrede">Ponsonby of Shulbrede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Snell,_1st_Baron_Snell" title="Harry Snell, 1st Baron Snell">Snell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Addison,_1st_Viscount_Addison" title="Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_5th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury">5th Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Addison,_1st_Viscount_Addison" title="Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jowitt,_1st_Earl_Jowitt" title="William Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt">Jowitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._V._Alexander,_1st_Earl_Alexander_of_Hillsborough" title="A. V. Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Hillsborough">Alexander of Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carington,_6th_Baron_Carrington" title="Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington">Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Shackleton,_Baron_Shackleton" title="Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton">Shackleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carington,_6th_Baron_Carrington" title="Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington">Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart,_Baron_Peart" title="Fred Peart, Baron Peart">Peart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledwyn_Hughes,_Baron_Cledwyn_of_Penrhos" title="Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos">Cledwyn of Penrhos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Richard" title="Ivor Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_7th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury">Cranborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Galbraith,_2nd_Baron_Strathclyde" title="Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Royall,_Baroness_Royall_of_Blaisdon" title="Janet Royall, Baroness Royall of Blaisdon">Royall of Blaisdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Smith,_Baroness_Smith_of_Basildon" title="Angela Smith, Baroness Smith of Basildon">Smith of Basildon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_True,_Baron_True" title="Nicholas True, Baron True">True</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shadow_Cabinet_of_Jeremy_Corbyn90" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Corbyn_Shadow_Cabinet" title="Template:Corbyn Shadow Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Corbyn_Shadow_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Corbyn Shadow Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Corbyn_Shadow_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Corbyn Shadow Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shadow_Cabinet_of_Jeremy_Corbyn90" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn">Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corbyn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leader</a>)</li> <li>Vacant (<a href="/wiki/Deputy_Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Deputy Leader</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shadow Cabinet members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Ashworth" title="Jonathan Ashworth">Ashworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_McAvoy" title="Tommy McAvoy">McAvoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Brown" title="Nick Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Brabin" title="Tracy Brabin">Brabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burgon" title="Richard Burgon">Burgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_Butler" title="Dawn Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Dowd" title="Peter Dowd">Dowd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Gardiner" title="Barry Gardiner">Gardiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Greenwood" title="Margaret Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nia_Griffith" title="Nia Griffith">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gwynne" title="Andrew Gwynne">Gwynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Pollard" title="Luke Pollard">Pollard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Healey_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Healey (politician)">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gwynne" title="Andrew Gwynne">Gwynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Lloyd" title="Tony Lloyd">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachael_Maskell" title="Rachael Maskell">Maskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Long-Bailey" title="Rebecca Long-Bailey">Long-Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_McDonald_(politician)" title="Andy McDonald (politician)">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Carden" title="Dan Carden">Carden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Rayner" title="Angela Rayner">Rayner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Rees" title="Christina Rees">Rees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Smith,_Baroness_Smith_of_Basildon" title="Angela Smith, Baroness Smith of Basildon">A. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Smith" title="Cat Smith">C. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Thornberry" title="Emily Thornberry">Thornberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Trickett" title="Jon Trickett">Trickett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Vaz" title="Valerie Vaz">Vaz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Also attending meetings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Lavery" title="Ian Lavery">Lavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shami_Chakrabarti" title="Shami Chakrabarti">Chakrabarti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Keeley" title="Barbara Keeley">Keeley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gandhi_Foundation_International_Peace_Award_Recipients109" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_Gandhi_International_Peace_Award_recipients" title="Template:Footer Gandhi International Peace Award recipients"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Gandhi_International_Peace_Award_recipients" title="Template talk:Footer Gandhi International Peace Award recipients"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Gandhi_International_Peace_Award_recipients" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Gandhi International Peace Award recipients"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gandhi_Foundation_International_Peace_Award_Recipients109" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_Foundation#Gandhi_International_Peace_Award" title="Gandhi Foundation">Gandhi Foundation International Peace Award Recipients</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Harbottle" title="Michael Harbottle">Michael Harbottle</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Gillett_(peace_educator)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Gillett (peace educator) (page does not exist)">Nicholas Gillett</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Adam_Curle" title="Adam Curle">Adam Curle</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Dent_(academic)" title="Martin Dent (academic)">Martin Dent</a> & <a href="/wiki/William_Peters_(diplomat)" title="William Peters (diplomat)">Bill Peters</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Denis_Halliday" title="Denis Halliday">Denis Halliday</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Steven" title="Helen Steven">Helen Steven</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Moxley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ellen Moxley (page does not exist)">Ellen Moxley</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Clive_Stafford_Smith" title="Clive Stafford Smith">Clive Stafford Smith</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Shabana_Azmi" title="Shabana Azmi">Shabana Azmi</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Media_Lens" title="Media Lens">Media Lens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Cromwell" title="David Cromwell">David Cromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Edwards_(journalist)" title="David Edwards (journalist)">David Edwards</a></li></ul></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Good" title="Harold Good">Harold Good</a> & <a href="/wiki/Alec_Reid" title="Alec Reid">Alec Reid</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Coram_Children%27s_Legal_Centre" title="Coram Children's Legal Centre">Coram Children's Legal Centre</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/The_Parents_Circle-Families_Forum" title="The Parents Circle-Families Forum">The Parents Circle-Families Forum</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Binayak_Sen" title="Binayak Sen">Binayak Sen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Bulu_Imam" title="Bulu Imam">Bulu Imam</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Saint_John_Eye_Hospital_Group" title="Saint John Eye Hospital Group">St. John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital Group</a></li> <li>2013: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Godric_Bader&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godric Bader (page does not exist)">Godric Bader</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Scott_Bader_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Bader Commonwealth">Scott Bader Commonwealth</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bike_for_Peace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bike for Peace (page does not exist)">Bike for Peace</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tore_N%C3%A6rland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tore Nærland (page does not exist)">Tore Nærland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Tomlinson_(activist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Tomlinson (activist) (page does not exist)">Frank Tomlinson</a></li></ul></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Peter Tatchell</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Ramzi_Aburedwan" title="Ramzi Aburedwan">Ramzi Aburedwan</a> & <a href="/wiki/Al_Kamandj%C3%A2ti" title="Al Kamandjâti">Al Kamandjâti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election683" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template:2016 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template talk:2016 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2016 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election683" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2016 Labour Party leadership election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><div>Incumbent Leader: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Nominated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Smith" title="Owen Smith">Owen Smith</a> (<a href="/wiki/Owen_Smith_2016_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Owen Smith 2016 Labour Party leadership campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Withdrew</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Eagle" title="Angela Eagle">Angela Eagle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="Endorsements in the 2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)#Timetable" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">Timetable of events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election693" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template:2015 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Template talk:2015 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2015 Labour Party leadership election"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election693" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2015 Labour Party leadership election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><div>Outgoing Leader: <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Elected</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Defeated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Burnham" title="Andy Burnham">Andy Burnham</a> (<a href="/wiki/Andy_Burnham_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Andy Burnham 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvette_Cooper" title="Yvette Cooper">Yvette Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Kendall" title="Liz Kendall">Liz Kendall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Withdrew</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Creagh" title="Mary Creagh">Mary Creagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuka_Umunna" title="Chuka Umunna">Chuka Umunna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%">Campaigns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Burnham_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Andy Burnham 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_campaign" title="Jeremy Corbyn 2015 Labour Party leadership campaign">Corbyn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="Endorsements in the 2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)#Timetable" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">Timetable of events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Labour_Party231" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Template:Labour Party (UK)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Template talk:Labour Party (UK)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Labour Party (UK)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Labour_Party231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><div id="History231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">History</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;">Main</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="History of the Labour Party (UK)">History of the Labour Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Electoral history of the Labour Party (UK)">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Labour_Party_(UK)_general_election_manifestos" title="List of Labour Party (UK) general election manifestos">General election manifestos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_socialist_movement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the socialist movement in the United Kingdom">History of the socialist movement in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliamentary_Labour_Party" title="European Parliamentary Labour Party">European Parliamentary Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour_Party_(1888)" title="Scottish Labour Party (1888)">Scottish Labour Party (1888)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Labour_Party" title="Independent Labour Party">Independent Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Representation_Committee_(1900)" title="Labour Representation Committee (1900)">Labour Representation Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladstone%E2%80%93MacDonald_pact" title="Gladstone–MacDonald pact">Gladstone–MacDonald pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Labour_Organisation" title="National Labour Organisation">National Labour Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Independent_Group" title="Labour Independent Group">Labour Independent Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Democratic_Socialism" title="Campaign for Democratic Socialism">Campaign for Democratic Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact" title="Lib–Lab pact">Lib–Lab pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK)#Creation_of_the_SDP" title="Social Democratic Party (UK)">Formation of SDP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_Four_(SDP)" title="Gang of Four (SDP)">Gang of Four</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limehouse_Declaration" title="Limehouse Declaration">Limehouse Declaration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militant_tendency" title="Militant tendency">Militant tendency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_longest_suicide_note_in_history" title="The longest suicide note in history">The longest suicide note in history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Listens" title="Labour Listens">Labour Listens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_more_heave" title="One more heave">One more heave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Labour" title="New Labour">New Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony%27s_Cronies" title="Tony's Cronies">Tony's Cronies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Labour" title="Blue Labour">Blue Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Nation_Labour" title="One Nation Labour">One Nation Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakrabarti_Inquiry" title="Chakrabarti Inquiry">Chakrabarti Inquiry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><div id="Leadership231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Leadership</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Barnes_(British_politician)" title="George Barnes (British politician)">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Adamson" title="William Adamson">Adamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Clynes" title="J. R. Clynes">Clynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Morrison</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brown,_Baron_George-Brown" title="George Brown, Baron George-Brown">Brown</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Kinnock" title="Neil Kinnock">Kinnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Beckett</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Miliband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a>^</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">Deputy Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Clynes" title="J. R. Clynes">Clynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Graham_(Edinburgh_MP)" title="William Graham (Edinburgh MP)">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Griffiths" title="Jim Griffiths">Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aneurin_Bevan" title="Aneurin Bevan">Bevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brown,_Baron_George-Brown" title="George Brown, Baron George-Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Hattersley" title="Roy Hattersley">Hattersley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prescott" title="John Prescott">Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Watson,_Baron_Watson_of_Wyre_Forest" title="Tom Watson, Baron Watson of Wyre Forest">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Rayner" title="Angela Rayner">Rayner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Labour_Party" title="General Secretary of the Labour Party">General Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Middleton_(political_organiser)" title="James Middleton (political organiser)">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Phillips" title="Morgan Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Williams_(politician)" title="Leonard Williams (politician)">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Barker" title="Sara Barker">Barker</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Nicholas" title="Harry Nicholas">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Hayward" title="Ron Hayward">Hayward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Mortimer" title="Jim Mortimer">Mortimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Whitty,_Baron_Whitty" title="Larry Whitty, Baron Whitty">Whitty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Sawyer,_Baron_Sawyer" title="Tom Sawyer, Baron Sawyer">Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_McDonagh,_Baroness_McDonagh" title="Margaret McDonagh, Baroness McDonagh">McDonagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Triesman,_Baron_Triesman" title="David Triesman, Baron Triesman">Triesman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Carter_(politician)" title="Matt Carter (politician)">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Watt" title="Peter Watt">Watt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Collins,_Baron_Collins_of_Highbury" title="Ray Collins, Baron Collins of Highbury">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_McNicol" title="Iain McNicol">McNicol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennie_Formby" title="Jennie Formby">Formby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Evans_(political_official)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Evans (political official)">Evans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_Labour_Party" title="Treasurer of the Labour Party">Treasurers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lathan" title="George Lathan">Lathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aneurin_Bevan" title="Aneurin Bevan">Bevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Nicholas" title="Harry Nicholas">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_Davies_(trade_unionist)" title="Dai Davies (trade unionist)">Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Atkinson" title="Norman Atkinson">Atkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Varley" title="Eric Varley">Varley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Booth" title="Albert Booth">Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_McCluskie" title="Sam McCluskie">McCluskie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Burlison" title="Tom Burlison">Burlison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Prosser,_Baroness_Prosser" title="Margaret Prosser, Baroness Prosser">Prosser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Elsby" title="Jimmy Elsby">Elsby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dromey" title="Jack Dromey">Dromey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Holland" title="Diana Holland">Holland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_in_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the Labour Party in the House of Lords">Leaders in the Lords</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane,_1st_Viscount_Haldane" title="Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane">Haldane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cripps,_1st_Baron_Parmoor" title="Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor">Cripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ponsonby,_1st_Baron_Ponsonby_of_Shulbrede" title="Arthur Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby of Shulbrede">Ponsonby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Snell,_1st_Baron_Snell" title="Harry Snell, 1st Baron Snell">Snell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Addison,_1st_Viscount_Addison" title="Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jowitt,_1st_Earl_Jowitt" title="William Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt">Jowitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._V._Alexander,_1st_Earl_Alexander_of_Hillsborough" title="A. V. Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Hillsborough">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford">Pakenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Shackleton,_Baron_Shackleton" title="Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton">Shackleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Shepherd,_2nd_Baron_Shepherd" title="Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd">Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart,_Baron_Peart" title="Fred Peart, Baron Peart">Peart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledwyn_Hughes,_Baron_Cledwyn_of_Penrhos" title="Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Richard" title="Ivor Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Jay,_Baroness_Jay_of_Paddington" title="Margaret Jay, Baroness Jay of Paddington">Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gareth_Williams,_Baron_Williams_of_Mostyn" title="Gareth Williams, Baron Williams of Mostyn">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Amos,_Baroness_Amos" title="Valerie Amos, Baroness Amos">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Ashton" title="Catherine Ashton">Ashton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Royall,_Baroness_Royall_of_Blaisdon" title="Janet Royall, Baroness Royall of Blaisdon">Royall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Smith,_Baroness_Smith_of_Basildon" title="Angela Smith, Baroness Smith of Basildon">Smith of Basildon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour" title="Scottish Labour">Scottish Labour Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Dewar" title="Donald Dewar">Dewar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_McLeish" title="Henry McLeish">McLeish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Jamieson" title="Cathy Jamieson">Jamieson</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_McConnell" title="Jack McConnell">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Jamieson" title="Cathy Jamieson">Jamieson</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Alexander" title="Wendy Alexander">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Jamieson" title="Cathy Jamieson">Jamieson</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Gray" title="Iain Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Lamont" title="Johann Lamont">Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anas_Sarwar" title="Anas Sarwar">Sarwar</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Murphy" title="Jim Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Gray" title="Iain Gray">Gray</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kezia_Dugdale" title="Kezia Dugdale">Dugdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Rowley" title="Alex Rowley">Rowley</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Baillie" title="Jackie Baillie">Baillie</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Leonard" title="Richard Leonard">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Baillie" title="Jackie Baillie">Baillie</a>^</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anas_Sarwar" title="Anas Sarwar">Sarwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Labour_Party" title="Parliamentary Labour Party">PLP Chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Barnes_(British_politician)" title="George Barnes (British politician)">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hodge_(politician)" title="John Hodge (politician)">Hodge</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wardle" title="George Wardle">Wardle</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Adamson" title="William Adamson">Adamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Clynes" title="J. R. Clynes">Clynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Lees-Smith" title="Hastings Lees-Smith">Lees-Smith</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Pethick-Lawrence,_1st_Baron_Pethick-Lawrence" title="Frederick Pethick-Lawrence, 1st Baron Pethick-Lawrence">Pethick-Lawrence</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Houghton,_Baron_Houghton_of_Sowerby" title="Douglas Houghton, Baron Houghton of Sowerby">Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Mikardo" title="Ian Mikardo">Mikardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledwyn_Hughes,_Baron_Cledwyn_of_Penrhos" title="Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Willey" title="Fred Willey">Willey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dormand" title="Jack Dormand">Dormand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Orme" title="Stan Orme">Orme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Hoyle" title="Doug Hoyle">Hoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clive_Soley" title="Clive Soley">Soley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Corston,_Baroness_Corston" title="Jean Corston, Baroness Corston">Corston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Clwyd" title="Ann Clwyd">Clwyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Lloyd" title="Tony Lloyd">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Watts,_Baron_Watts" title="David Watts, Baron Watts">Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cryer" title="John Cryer">Cryer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Morden" title="Jessica Morden">Morden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliamentary_Labour_Party" title="European Parliamentary Labour Party">EPLP Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stewart,_Baron_Stewart_of_Fulham" title="Michael Stewart, Baron Stewart of Fulham">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prescott" title="John Prescott">Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Castle" title="Barbara Castle">Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alf_Lomas" title="Alf Lomas">Lomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Martin_(Scottish_politician)" title="David Martin (Scottish politician)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Seal_(politician)" title="Barry Seal (politician)">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glyn_Ford" title="Glyn Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Green" title="Pauline Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_David" title="Wayne David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Donnelly" title="Alan Donnelly">Donnelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Murphy_(British_politician)" title="Simon Murphy (British politician)">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Titley" title="Gary Titley">Titley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenis_Willmott" title="Glenis Willmott">Willmott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Corbett" title="Richard Corbett">Corbett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><div>* = wartime, in opposition ^ Interim/Acting</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><div id="Internal_elections_and_selections231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Internal elections and selections</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;">Leadership elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1922_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1922 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">1922</a> <a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1931 Labour Party leadership election">1931</a> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Arthur Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1932 Labour Party leadership election">1932</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">George Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1935 Labour Party leadership election">1935</a> <a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1955 Labour Party leadership election">1955</a> <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Hugh Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1960 Labour Party leadership election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1961 Labour Party leadership election">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1963 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">1963</a> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party leadership election">1976</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1980 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">1980</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1983 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">1983</a> <a href="/wiki/Neil_Kinnock" title="Neil Kinnock">Neil Kinnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1988 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1992 Labour Party leadership election">1992</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">John Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1994 Labour Party leadership election">1994</a> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2007 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2007</a> <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Gordon Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2010 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2010</a> <a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Ed Miliband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2015</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="2020 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">2020</a> <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a></li></ul> <hr /> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;">Deputy Leadership elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1952 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1952</a> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Herbert Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1953 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1956 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1956</a> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Griffiths" title="Jim Griffiths">Jim Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1959 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1959</a> <a href="/wiki/Aneurin_Bevan" title="Aneurin Bevan">Aneurin Bevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1960 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1960</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Brown,_Baron_George-Brown" title="George Brown, Baron George-Brown">George Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1961 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1962 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1970 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1970</a> <a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1971 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1972 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1972</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Edward Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1976</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1980 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1980</a> <a href="/wiki/Denis_Healey" title="Denis Healey">Denis Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1981 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1983 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1983</a> <a href="/wiki/Roy_Hattersley" title="Roy Hattersley">Roy Hattersley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1988 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1992 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1992</a> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Margaret Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1994 Labour Party deputy leadership election">1994</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Prescott" title="John Prescott">John Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="2007 Labour Party deputy leadership election">2007</a> <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harriet Harman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="2015 Labour Party deputy leadership election">2015</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Watson,_Baron_Watson_of_Wyre_Forest" title="Tom Watson, Baron Watson of Wyre Forest">Tom Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="2020 Labour Party deputy leadership election">2020</a> <a href="/wiki/Angela_Rayner" title="Angela Rayner">Angela Rayner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;;line-height:1.1em;">Shadow Cabinet elections and reshuffles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=September_1931_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="September 1931 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">Sep 1931 (Henderson)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=November_1931_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="November 1931 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">Nov 1931</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1932_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1932 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1932 (Lansbury)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1933_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1933 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1934_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1934 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1935_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1935 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1935 (Attlee)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1936_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1936 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1937_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1937 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1938_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1938 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1939_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1939 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election (page does not exist)">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1951 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1952 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1953 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1954 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1955 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1956 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1956 (Gaitskell)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1957 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1958 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1959 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1960 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1961 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1962 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1963 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1963 (Wilson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1970 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1971 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1972 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1973 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1979 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1979 (Callaghan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1980 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1980 (Foot)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1981 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1982 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1983 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1983 (Kinnock)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1984 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1985 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1986 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1987 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1988 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1989 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1990 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1991 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1992 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1992 (Smith)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1993 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1994 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1994 (Blair)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1995 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="1996 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Labour_Party_Shadow_Cabinet_election" title="2010 Labour Party Shadow Cabinet election">2010 (Miliband)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_shadow_cabinet_resignations" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 United Kingdom shadow cabinet resignations">June 2016 (Corbyn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2021_British_shadow_cabinet_reshuffle" title="May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle">May 2021 (Starmer)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2021_British_shadow_cabinet_reshuffle" title="November 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle">November 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_British_shadow_cabinet_reshuffle" title="2023 British shadow cabinet reshuffle">2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><div id="Party_structure231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Party structure</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Constitution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clause_IV" title="Clause IV">Clause IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Executive_Committee_of_the_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="National Executive Committee of the Labour Party">National Executive Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Labour_Party" title="General Secretary of the Labour Party">General Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_Labour_Party" title="Treasurer of the Labour Party">Treasurer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Parliamentary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Labour_Party" title="Parliamentary Labour Party">Parliamentary Labour Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip_of_the_Labour_Party" title="Chief Whip of the Labour Party">Chief Whip of the Labour Party</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Conference</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_Conference" title="Labour Party Conference">Labour Party Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Subnational</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour" title="Scottish Labour">Scottish Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Welsh Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Labour Party in Northern Ireland">Labour Party in Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Directly elected city mayoral authorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Labour" title="London Labour">London Labour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">CLPs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constituency_Labour_Party" title="Constituency Labour Party">Constituency Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_International" title="Labour International">Labour International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Policy_Forum" title="National Policy Forum">National Policy Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)_affiliated_trade_union" title="Labour Party (UK) affiliated trade union">Affiliated trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_Union_and_Labour_Party_Liaison_Organisation" title="Trade Union and Labour Party Liaison Organisation">Trade Union and Labour Party Liaison Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_and_Co-operative" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour and Co-operative">Labour Co-operative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Co-operative_Party" title="Co-operative Party">Co-operative Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_%E2%80%93_Federation_of_Labour_Groups" title="Labour – Federation of Labour Groups">Labour – Federation of Labour Groups</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><div id="Associated_organisations231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Associated organisations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B; color:white; line-height:1.1em;">List</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_organisations_associated_with_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="List of organisations associated with the Labour Party (UK)">Organisations associated with the Labour Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B; color:white; line-height:1.1em;">Sectional groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Young_Labour_(UK)" title="Young Labour (UK)">Young Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_International" title="Labour International">Labour International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT%2B_Labour" title="LGBT+ Labour">LGBT+ Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Campaign_for_Trans_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour Campaign for Trans Rights">Labour Campaign for Trans Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Students" title="Labour Students">Labour Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAME_Labour" title="BAME Labour">BAME Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_Labour" title="Disability Labour">Disability Labour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B; color:white; line-height:1.1em;">Factional groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Labour" title="Blue Labour">Blue Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Labour_Party_Democracy" title="Campaign for Labour Party Democracy">Campaign for Labour Party Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christians_on_the_Left" title="Christians on the Left">Christians on the Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_(think_tank)" title="Compass (think tank)">Compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Society" title="Fabian Society">Fabian Society</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Young_Fabians" title="Young Fabians">Young Fabians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_Britain_Group" title="Future Britain Group">Future Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre-Left_Grassroots_Alliance" title="Centre-Left Grassroots Alliance">Centre-Left Grassroots Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Labour_Movement" title="Jewish Labour Movement">Jewish Labour Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Campaign_for_Electoral_Reform" title="Labour Campaign for Electoral Reform">Labour Campaign for Electoral Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_CND" title="Labour CND">Labour CND</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Friends_of_Israel" title="Labour Friends of Israel">Labour Friends of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Friends_of_Palestine_and_the_Middle_East" title="Labour Friends of Palestine and the Middle East">Labour Friends of Palestine & the Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Growth_Group" title="Labour Growth Group">Labour Growth Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_Irish_Society" title="Labour Party Irish Society">Labour Party Irish Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Representation_Committee_(2004)" title="Labour Representation Committee (2004)">Labour Representation Committee (2004)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Women%27s_Network" title="Labour Women's Network">Labour Women's Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momentum_(organisation)" title="Momentum (organisation)">Momentum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Labour" title="Open Labour">Open Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Labour_and_Socialist_Clubs" title="National Union of Labour and Socialist Clubs">National Union of Labour and Socialist Clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Britain" title="Progressive Britain">Progressive Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Wall_Caucus" title="Red Wall Caucus">Red Wall Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Appeal_(UK,_1992)" title="Socialist Appeal (UK, 1992)">Revolutionary Communist Party</a> Formerly Socialist Appeal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Health_Association" title="Socialist Health Association">Socialist Health Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Educational_Association" title="Socialist Educational Association">Socialist Educational Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Environment_and_Resources_Association" title="Socialist Environment and Resources Association">Socialist Environment and Resources Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Socialist Campaign Group">Socialist Campaign Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Socialist_Youth" title="International Union of Socialist Youth">Socialist Youth Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_society_(Labour_Party)" title="Socialist society (Labour Party)">Socialist societies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B; color:white; line-height:1.1em;">Media publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LabourList" title="LabourList">LabourList</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribune_(magazine)" title="Tribune (magazine)">Tribune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B;color:white;"><div id="Party_alliances231" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Party alliances</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Current7" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#E4003B;color:white;line-height:1.1em;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance" title="Progressive Alliance">Progressive Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_International" title="Socialist International">Socialist International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Socialist_Campaign_Group833" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Template:Socialist Campaign Group"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Socialist_Campaign_Group" title="Template 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style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Midlands" title="East Midlands">East Midlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Whittome" title="Nadia Whittome">Nadia Whittome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Abbott" title="Diane Abbott">Diane Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apsana_Begum" title="Apsana Begum">Apsana Begum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_Butler" title="Dawn Butler">Dawn Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsha_de_Cordova" title="Marsha de Cordova">Marsha de Cordova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">John McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Osamor" title="Kate Osamor">Kate Osamor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Ribeiro-Addy" title="Bell Ribeiro-Addy">Bell Ribeiro-Addy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_East_England" title="North East England">North East England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Kelly_Foy" title="Mary Kelly Foy">Mary Foy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Lavery" title="Ian Lavery">Ian Lavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_McDonald_(politician)" title="Andy McDonald (politician)">Andy McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grahame_Morris" title="Grahame Morris">Grahame Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Osborne" title="Kate Osborne">Kate Osborne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_West_England" title="North West England">North West England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Byrne" title="Ian Byrne">Ian Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Long-Bailey" title="Rebecca Long-Bailey">Rebecca Long-Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Johnson_(politician)" title="Kim Johnson (politician)">Kim Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Leishman" title="Brian Leishman">Brian Leishman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(region)" title="West Midlands (region)">West Midlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahir_Ali" title="Tahir Ali">Tahir Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarah_Sultana" title="Zarah Sultana">Zarah Sultana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Witherden" title="Steve Witherden">Steve Witherden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E4003B; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_and_the_Humber" title="Yorkshire and the Humber">Yorkshire and the Humber</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_Blake" title="Olivia Blake">Olivia Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burgon" title="Richard Burgon">Richard Burgon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imran_Hussain_(British_politician)" title="Imran Hussain (British politician)">Imran Hussain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachael_Maskell" title="Rachael Maskell">Rachael Maskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Trickett" title="Jon Trickett">Jon Trickett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/21px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/42px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">Jeremy Corbyn at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jeremy_Corbyn" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Jeremy Corbyn">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/21px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/42px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Jeremy_Corbyn" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Jeremy Corbyn">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" class="extiw" title="q:Jeremy Corbyn">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291169" class="extiw" title="d:Q291169">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291169#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1682" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291169#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1682" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291169#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000433501290">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/308180685">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcwBPmbtFgrbpKhW6HKVC">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1091590494">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2013020772">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=zmp20211107994&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1479731351579">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810681098605606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007570705305171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/ff9d4a88-a9f8-4570-8baf-5b36a45a7b14">MusicBrainz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/OWLbX9w2">UK Parliament</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/195424328">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeremy_Corbyn&oldid=1273092652">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeremy_Corbyn&oldid=1273092652</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Category:Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1949_births" title="Category:1949 births">1949 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_politicians" title="Category:20th-century English politicians">20th-century English politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_English_politicians" title="Category:21st-century English politicians">21st-century English politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_North_London" title="Category:Alumni of the University of North London">Alumni of the University of North London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Amnesty_International_people" title="Category:Amnesty International people">Amnesty International people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_anti-fascists" title="Category:British anti-fascists">British anti-fascists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_anti-poverty_advocates" title="Category:British anti-poverty advocates">British anti-poverty advocates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_anti-racism_activists" 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