CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.research.manchester.ac.uk",cType: 'managed',cRay: '9135f5972a5a87f5',cH: 'acQXEbCC17GuhFgx8ullwdTZ9iPNSpagym4CzCu_yFs-1739797215-1.2.1.1-PZm.4rc4lW4Ni1_x0f1ltQnUSKDC9UgH9oC2FrKuaMS69YxlduFwy0h1uL.bp6yt',cUPMDTk: "\/portal\/mads.huuse.html?__cf_chl_tk=LS0Kd8ozEUcdBBSHx_7eui892NhRL0ksmrj8DpgfdKY-1739797215-1.0.1.1-aAcchmrekbRvrF27ihkRdrufQXC7fMaWqniuogW5JMM",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739797215',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/portal\/mads.huuse.html?__cf_chl_f_tk=LS0Kd8ozEUcdBBSHx_7eui892NhRL0ksmrj8DpgfdKY-1739797215-1.0.1.1-aAcchmrekbRvrF27ihkRdrufQXC7fMaWqniuogW5JMM",md: "cd.nFyap3DenrFktkriCmrDfWdb4fQxgRQ72P2XLccI-1739797215-1.2.1.1-4JhD741UMNgflGxlU.pm0px8Z83GNuuKlYoSvI5MfIjgpI2J5fbpkpyd.y2HPrlgWY7BTp0RZZ1TUwpQwgYyyeUDjyvb3HtJDnTpZVDYZ0xNtO9hiNGLqRFzmNygQ0yd8cc6rCwW_9qZMRl2h0xzoJ1RNmHCg5.ceRnsXxTEMogneSep4dMjZGPrjq8tO0JH3ENSi6h4bJ5TuKwH1eTboWo8x5QDDy2lQ3ax18OOegtur47DxyKx0QGgBzqAUOWLbzJaiLlZIeRbQwoWVaNmMoLYDwsCr36Z_556QmDggAOA5yXr7eElTubxmoEmO54MzbhFaKDESegJUQNHE1sMkbvCx36UMd431FPahXPSTVnTkUj2iuFMacvDFDdkJvICQ3C0kVgE5cX1v_NAqqzfsRILS_h.8MDOwxaHtT7Ygyml10lsWsNLsVMPJlP5M.oEDbP7jkHFSNoe2NZvQW1i8y29rLKgV27k2gCrN6pnTEAL8wmQanPKiASvJ3svc6.D4nmGOOW6Xr3yQpoeo2Nipda_mfn7FVCcZW7pbjb2XM6AhxQujDNoKn.UywJ8KDZnG.cBJLjlC4UA8dF3l4IhvKLtaqkRB4mtAbVguVjJdwUrmR0rPijhnjP.DsQA1Pl243fcPH02PTAIKaVfTflgWlfvgSh30oMOnpI1pRtr87vgirADIANKaPFgUHtUQSMbRsMgt5ZxLSzpOT0pROZh.KePHvitqL5dRw8gV5mveYP6.R9ikv_wga.sMMxREvRi5oZw5Ac7YB3g3omcLpj3.nbezN32h4G7NusOfvxT5AEtRakJDFtFu6VOcc_ZgHzT9af9RzgRgcXSL_jndBAiaNJ_BCXBOrE33RZ4r.gLokyvoEOtlWHhm9VS.CQv43YXmury_u9aaI3_WGIWehOZRY8WGujMhN2fGyKeUH5cu7gaS6bmRrq2UjipeX1Cb_lY0ieO54BtaIlSscnw8piNZlXgL6btCCEuG_YCWRTUtAI0aS5k20k8bqP0nuKLORc0uihpStrUhfGzkizp70XUill9PH57j0hPo4G10RUc6Qvm0oUnv_D.0ZyYElK1ceKE9WkBpPSxH1flJVarw1TN1unLfGgAaak94W.4OCbxLElXzqwj2omQyk_R8hwm0nBC7nosNllAFZtiZdrBiXOcW3ziMQlhgcBDyuF_gumrvAdALxfiBZyfrCFecPUQE5dN_rzdLaMotaD55JrXcu6W6zYF3TG58JfIVDdBHM8zTvgCdsPHropDF515_h05ZquXEwQUnINqwA0G_rYLWf6qTJ7R8wGUenIINqXPrMd_M52Q8pNaoHKHqJVfbl.0224AVmOF.SKfiJ8LT6mDFcHOwjUUMqr0mh.VH6gfpDq2qGh04w_payDZZuUspyaQ_4DepzCSaO1F2Y3JxQt5oX8LWq1s0dOVp8ZgVQQrGT8YwzVqhLdEAkzT7owzxVeOHYj8PNpdeU3sb5jGDTANau3CsxjQ804UnlehVaNJZ6MB8QQl8i0EjCb3y9gGjEiRcVG8ZQe9rf1WYAdNcm1yjmMoluAXCianA8chUDd00ugAUx_lFO8FWSFpcV33Jkl6EAcrgS0hlWiGsFmaYOAY7buLEdBkY71kjYosdJis7mXrJDpeHLgXqbjY1wHBQwf3syqga0_4UcGhokOBbH22NgYfKIZ2Ei8sie_1FR5f3cHYXDl.PifF9Do6ufC_UY6EYxucncyqPfwKxuqDgYql7zfInsHljUgVWLkF9Wme3aWDHuEZA9g878r3O9q5QDJ88KfgU5YRnLDtSG5kY3NnkCL.v_8aB7bKsKdncLYRSnXkb6hRrJcmCbXjziB8eD1ELJZa48pKsPShhR8SF50t_Qex5pky4gKOu6MW.QWcF72D25dwHuZhkb4RypFPFbb3CxI5XUFf0wR4h4Wqpua.d1F_jWaJGk8FUcHxgb7TexPeROAnVEYz2vkruRN3VLx56hQDlJxD4jIqtBck7IzWzy9GXOgRZYRhivX61yAHRuziHR1JocSIOyssIKfZ_Eae5pjJ2ugWQKPvjyvDXv5M1BNqKzAP9H6Q8kY1rF1EgpEC8SSSao5HjT3GXnL9VvltWIqxKiWb5e8jfGxtt9nRn2.MlQ2SmbbbxLOfFx7wxi3k.WvIkzrgr977acpuogxk3JLWXWt7w8s21Ah24P3WwDBW3_1BfGaPDFFdU0DaT7jsP_cauHeidkPZzC1BPRZfqvOoVkUTag08sJkjKOLL1y_UKT3nRGMDvLDcBV_UxvW2oTtxmKAt4vRGqIKuglXz0P7RqriI7RDH_C4uoAiMOUq_206WWDDJts9tMWhzC_61NGhqTod3Qbj6uK.RxBCc_Wu9hzURgH0K6xG62Bvj1KcrJ66dyhT4SJsraMe2s1dp_ZZKc0BVGjUCFU.wDbsVRZ3f6EAJdRsQp5GXaimmuNdJJDVRO0n56NsfjfZ9lETDi2h51W_6RuErq_.Ozw4fGwAPBQYmS6BYL4dhAuHUhbPDyu2AZ38yc9DnwbwdXLIwSdwPjphdTLDNyyprv2IZFMaFQRnSaa.ZDe.YaN2KVzErYfrQpt11s0nQJYwhZ9t.OCQ",mdrd: "Szc6b_Ln.a8UZ3BoQ8SCtcspvNPrP.eT4jlqj_6jfhU-1739797215-1.2.1.1-lzVKvNCA44BeELjVucxVZWPM0.zuPZu8eb.2ZbdJchPqLVuo_4p5m4KJKMM_Y_1IRPfM6fHIH4quBk9TVGk6sbDgJ7nQRrNHQ4xfykOwhvXS8invDu0XaME.L5A0ZnifkwWrif7JeeS8gWspq5I6UYaLHbxOliVZiX52aPOLzANxdZfVY1N31xdeZTAUsaUWAhbjww1oC_Q4137d9Su8AaO2cIxCRlhVrcLSaaMjIULoy0AX_XrRGvn5bxFYmUF9oQQHyo.PSVkQv_1WdCsp6sjxdf9ci7weYdx6ld7PPwQqmDQ8a7hPxhA9FtIP.KDhrqwwzzZH_AvgJGIxnhwgdcVoMAZ7VPOlhKWiYl_jxDSXELqNcXEoyBHs5e.71hhOG4V4bdinS4RaZOLTAPDErzB_M1ucGA4qb6nZdSv01t4SuUc1eAKzZaNtsYPr96ng3HdUHfUpKC9HEOCJ0gYMhKwNsfslfWfO0Qc8wvHdQH8XHTjQIHZmPKcH8IduVWAbcDJdlavdj.95WDRO.Ttx80s841Eev8Ss70YRv_bDoWMkV01gojP4poFQ4Q.D0XGuLW4XAUKQL1D565HrZhV3LgC.51YMgdixX601TixF4uKekbVbUTZn4M7QmdyY_AwhH9SERo1jnW0QKhUPHXv3dWX7_uyto8XULimNmF7GbwjvTY59qfKF1bFHWPNoZDeK9cwRE03kSF07zSaRQEQQ0_CGU_bJV1gbm4cNl9_p5IJu079L5pDg.ce6Pzd3k5weohl7ZN8O24g2sk982NFd_KXsqkq1LWZJ.d2Pj.jxeqOmblc_XQZIJdNvxtCkPwCUTX7ka7vvnOg8VXiEJAiCYC3by_aAefChUf2BgQtmSWTxQyjJT4OIkDNl0RV0L35Rf8IxswC4aNoFSmILYBw5CKHpypcnCayul.qTH3yp08JNFQ.14idw7Ff.PlzUKw0hHvFp4E_ltWq.2_RkjLEz1crxovbOeZ7L48U4G7ivAZkCWw7SAMwaAuzriaf2BPRo4U65ZJ1CUrRJrImDzivbcJXgW0Z1Mrhlo5TlpC7CuWuzP2ZJvODmWQLc8Com8Z3n5JsNRzbCF3NxfSAEKOFIQGLvSKFrBJehCdKKyiJpXrI.TfafC3jbd9MkEOGTVRq802wEf4pYp0JZhVDyo.dBY.EtELiKUopxTQ6GVHBMz88fTdAP9SFPwC78FdtAHeuxn9am5wLbvmDBRoytJjoT1Jh6clCTmMozX6hm2QHk5fR2XK55vmWpspMl92Xk6D_heWMSK9LsuCzhIH8.Gs1uHT3jhTbZ6CfBmgJLU5UcSZIcVVKY_K.jXPZxxhSAd3lvZ6mCtMdwC2o8XbuhE.TlZGsbehCx44CZxcQYm4YSra0j1XvxuLSkV4kNdtXoWuTcxL7Uvn7yANftrvcBG9OUuNBA9xfdW8hRGa2FfcBWNhVQaQYtntXchGbVwOGMzkBvWK0AHe_svOq6lXPYHfj6Vccta7AJpu6.JKFUwz5fil3kIHYXb2BFgB9gcnIOK1w6WKDE6TzdCtNpybf6lnt46rE8KC4Hvtwtcgu3eyPkTFGU8Yu5zsDk9eqYlzxC78PYWTJ7GmE_MCw4_dEiUzW_5Q8omOBybusFZp_iPhNm_ik0XRyvlJzRzZ1Tl5_0TXo8fXY3P7j5LiEzpwpPAmYf0_AkQooltEJuVkNvxQyx0CQ2tQPaUAqnh8FoKWrw8aAP.HmRrKBboTYdZwLIHnK9i.ZA88sTpIh.I41.wZYU.qtJb6WzX5tGKKlKXkVsCiRkvLcv3kz_oD8wBxtak1JKjzIvgg.NW3dpHUaZWqEMM80oyMoB1uy74qTz_6QkA48QJbSTa3Ci0evDJ._vLcdJcnI3QwcCnDh4KiEZOPvmQH8g.RfECRK8DjCxQKR5r9_dfdgJB3WTsoBvAmaNWTJEEuLM9LJ3DDYOmGkisl1b7t4NtUnSWb1233_Z.SI9QpbImQp2ayswVAy8rfQpALD_ingfrPZKrTfFXbS6iphSKk8"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135f5972a5a87f5';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/portal\/mads.huuse.html?__cf_chl_rt_tk=LS0Kd8ozEUcdBBSHx_7eui892NhRL0ksmrj8DpgfdKY-1739797215-1.0.1.1-aAcchmrekbRvrF27ihkRdrufQXC7fMaWqniuogW5JMM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>