CINXE.COM

Engineering Laboratory | NIST

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class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content tablet-lg:grid-col-8 desktop-lg:grid-col-9" > <div class="nist-block" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--hero paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-hero grid-row grid-gap-2"> <div class="nist-hero__item tablet:grid-col-4 "> <div class="nist-hero__item-inner"> <div class="nist-hero__image"> <a href="/news-events/news/2025/02/nist-report-congress-provides-update-champlain-towers-south-investigation"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2025/02/04/Lidar_Data_from_Leica_C10_July-14-2021.jpg.webp?itok=VXClpQjT 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/1200w_x_720h/public/images/2025/02/04/Lidar_Data_from_Leica_C10_July-14-2021.jpg.webp?itok=C6ia-pa6 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/webp" width="600" height="360"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300w_x_180h/public/images/2025/02/04/Lidar_Data_from_Leica_C10_July-14-2021.jpg.webp?itok=4VrhEyVB 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2025/02/04/Lidar_Data_from_Leica_C10_July-14-2021.jpg.webp?itok=VXClpQjT 2x" media="(min-width: 0px)" type="image/webp" width="300" height="180"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2025/02/04/Lidar_Data_from_Leica_C10_July-14-2021.jpg.jpg?itok=VXClpQjT" width="600" height="360" alt="Lidar image of building collapse site looks like a black-and-white photo with some parts of the remaining walls marked in yellow and red." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="nist-hero__caption"> <a href="/news-events/news/2025/02/nist-report-congress-provides-update-champlain-towers-south-investigation"> <div class="text">NIST Report to Congress Provides Update on Champlain Towers South Investigation</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-hero__item tablet:grid-col-4 "> <div class="nist-hero__item-inner"> <div class="nist-hero__image"> <a href="https://www.nist.gov/fire/history"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2024/10/08/fire-history_original.png.webp?itok=94-QVJhN 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/1200w_x_720h/public/images/2024/10/08/fire-history_original.png.webp?itok=X_4AK7_H 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/webp" width="600" height="360"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300w_x_180h/public/images/2024/10/08/fire-history_original.png.webp?itok=64YHTt3W 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2024/10/08/fire-history_original.png.webp?itok=94-QVJhN 2x" media="(min-width: 0px)" type="image/webp" width="300" height="180"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2024/10/08/fire-history_original.png.jpg?itok=94-QVJhN" width="600" height="360" alt="Fire History" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="nist-hero__caption"> <a href="https://www.nist.gov/fire/history"> <div class="text">50 Years of Fire Safety Advances at NIST</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-hero__item tablet:grid-col-4 "> <div class="nist-hero__item-inner"> <div class="nist-hero__image"> <a href="/feature-stories/house-ahead-its-time"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2019/05/22/net_zero_energy_residential_test_facility_1.jpg.webp?itok=Dlt_G4kB 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/1200w_x_720h/public/images/2019/05/22/net_zero_energy_residential_test_facility_1.jpg.webp?itok=98MH3CBH 2x" media="(min-width: 480px)" type="image/webp" width="600" height="360"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/300w_x_180h/public/images/2019/05/22/net_zero_energy_residential_test_facility_1.jpg.webp?itok=wyA4CrYQ 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2019/05/22/net_zero_energy_residential_test_facility_1.jpg.webp?itok=Dlt_G4kB 2x" media="(min-width: 0px)" type="image/webp" width="300" height="180"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2019/05/22/net_zero_energy_residential_test_facility_1.jpg.jpg?itok=Dlt_G4kB" width="600" height="360" alt="Photograph of large residential-style home with blue tile roof and solar panel in suburban campus setting." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="nist-hero__caption"> <a href="/feature-stories/house-ahead-its-time"> <div class="text">A House Ahead of its Time</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block " > <h2 class="nist-block__title" > <div class="string">News and Updates</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-9e0b931c3d62603fd74d69e7555c3ff130f28881095f2aceb5dd5c51ca167fc3"> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2025/04/rare-crystal-shape-found-increase-strength-3d-printed-metal" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/news-events/news/2025/04/rare-crystal-shape-found-increase-strength-3d-printed-metal" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/04/02/Crystal_defects.jpg?itok=lfh4JWKm" width="100" height="74" alt="A black and white image of the aluminum alloy under a microscope. Most of the image is light grey, but there are many small black spots that have lines extending out from them like cracks." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/news-events/news/2025/04/rare-crystal-shape-found-increase-strength-3d-printed-metal"><span property="schema:name">Rare Crystal Shape Found to Increase the Strength of 3D-Printed Metal</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-04-07T12:00:00Z">April 7, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> NIST researchers have found special atomic patterns called quasicrystals in 3D-printed aluminum alloys. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2025/02/nist-report-congress-provides-update-champlain-towers-south-investigation" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/news-events/news/2025/02/nist-report-congress-provides-update-champlain-towers-south-investigation" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/02/04/Lidar_Data_from_Leica_C10_July-14-2021.jpg?itok=YFWTvZfD" width="100" height="62" alt="Lidar image of building collapse site looks like a black-and-white photo with some parts of the remaining walls marked in yellow and red." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/news-events/news/2025/02/nist-report-congress-provides-update-champlain-towers-south-investigation"><span property="schema:name">NIST Report to Congress Provides Update on Champlain Towers South Investigation</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-02-05T12:00:00Z">February 5, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> The report notes that the team has completed all experimental work on the physical evidence from the building’s structural elements. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2025/01/nist-hosts-second-stakeholder-workshop-digital-twins" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/news-events/news/2025/01/nist-hosts-second-stakeholder-workshop-digital-twins" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/01/24/NIST%20Hosts%20Second%20Stakeholder%20Workshop%20on%20Digital%20Twins.png?itok=fNrm-I4k" width="100" height="69" alt="NIST Hosts Second Stakeholder Workshop on Digital Twins" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/news-events/news/2025/01/nist-hosts-second-stakeholder-workshop-digital-twins"><span property="schema:name">NIST Hosts Second Stakeholder Workshop on Digital Twins</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-01-01T12:00:00Z">January 1, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> On January 14, 2025, NIST held the second of three stakeholder workshops in its ongoing series on Digital Twins, building upon the initial workshop held in </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2025/01/nist-researchers-meet-nhtsa-experts-share-approaches-assessment-automated" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/news-events/news/2025/01/nist-researchers-meet-nhtsa-experts-share-approaches-assessment-automated" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/01/24/NIST%20Researchers%20Meet%20with%20NHTSA%20Experts%20to%20Share%20Approaches%20to%20Assessment%20of%20Automated%20Vehicle%20System%20Performance.png?itok=RrpwzYiL" width="100" height="63" alt="NIST Researchers Meet with NHTSA Experts to Share Approaches to Assessment of Automated Vehicle System Performance" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/news-events/news/2025/01/nist-researchers-meet-nhtsa-experts-share-approaches-assessment-automated"><span property="schema:name">NIST Researchers Meet with NHTSA Experts to Share Approaches to Assessment of Automated Vehicle System Performance</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-01-01T12:00:00Z">January 1, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> Measurement science and standards are needed to support the safe and predictable operation of future automated vehicles (AVs), and to realize their potential to </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/news-events/news-updates/org/5646">View All News and Updates</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block " > <h2 class="nist-block__title" > <div class="string">Events</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-4ad708212a236842fe55d40cb744ff6d1d200d78f0dd1b336168fdcbc7003636"> <div> <article about="/news-events/events/2025/04/open-industrial-digital-ecosystem-summit" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/news-events/events/2025/04/open-industrial-digital-ecosystem-summit" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/01/21/Open%20Industrial%20Digital%20Ecosystem%20Summit%20%281%29.png?itok=JfoDHBmS" width="100" height="84" alt="2025 OIDE Summit Event Visual" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/news-events/events/2025/04/open-industrial-digital-ecosystem-summit"><span>Open Industrial Digital Ecosystem Summit</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="smartdate">Tue, Apr 8 - Fri, Apr 11 2025</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> The Open Industrial Digital Ecosystem Summit is an annual event bringing together thought leaders, experts </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/events/2025/08/additive-construction-path-standardization-continues-iii" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/news-events/events/2025/08/additive-construction-path-standardization-continues-iii" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/03/14/Add_Construction2025.png?itok=u-RRNM7c" width="100" height="67" alt="Additive Construction The Path to Standardization III" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/news-events/events/2025/08/additive-construction-path-standardization-continues-iii"><span>Additive Construction – The Path to Standardization Continues III</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="smartdate">Mon, Aug 18 - Wed, Aug 20 2025</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> The event, Additive Construction – The Path to Standardization Continues, will bring together industry and academic </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/news-events/upcoming-events/org/5646">View All Events</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--content-list paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block " > <h2 class="nist-block__title" > <div class="string">Software</div> </h2> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-hidden entity-reference"> <div class="nist-field__items"> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/tool-evaluation-vaporized-hydrogen-peroxide-disinfection-n95-masks-small" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/tool-evaluation-vaporized-hydrogen-peroxide-disinfection-n95-masks-small"><span>Tool for Evaluation of Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide Disinfection of N95 Masks in Small Rooms</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2020-06-03T12:00:00Z">June 3, 2020</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> This spreadsheet tool estimates the vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP) concentration in air of rooms used for VHP mask disinfection systems. The tool employs a </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/fds-and-smokeview" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/fds-and-smokeview"><span>FDS and Smokeview</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) is a computational model for smoke and heat transport from fires. Smokeview visualizes the output from FDS and CFAST. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/bees" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/services-resources/software/bees" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/el/economics/bees_model4_1.jpg?itok=BZaZgT87" width="100" height="67" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/bees"><span>BEES</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2018-02-05T12:00:00Z">February 5, 2018</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> The BEES ( Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) software brings to your fingertips a powerful technique for selecting cost-effective </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/contam" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/contam"><span>CONTAM</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2021-01-08T12:00:00Z">January 8, 2021</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> CONTAM is a multizone indoor air quality and ventilation analysis computer program designed to help you determine: (a) airflows: infiltration, exfiltration, and </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/step-file-analyzer-and-viewer" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/services-resources/software/step-file-analyzer-and-viewer" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/09/26/SFA.png?itok=irxodzaj" width="100" height="53" alt="NIST STEP File Viewer screenshot" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/step-file-analyzer-and-viewer"><span>STEP File Analyzer and Viewer</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-03-27T12:00:00Z">March 27, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> The free STEP File Viewer supports parts, assemblies, dimensions, tolerances, and more. The Analyzer generates a spreadsheet of all entity and attribute </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/evap-cond-version-50" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/evap-cond-version-50"><span>EVAP-COND, Version 5.0</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2020-01-01T12:00:00Z">January 1, 2020</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> EVAP-COND is a software package that contains NIST's simulation models EVAP and COND for finned-tube evaporators and condensers. The “tube-by-tube” scheme in </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/cfast" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/cfast"><span>CFAST</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> CFAST (Consolidated Model of Fire and Smoke Transport) is a computer program that helps users understand how fire and smoke spread through a building. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article about="/services-resources/software/vcctl-software" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/services-resources/software/vcctl-software" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/el/building_materials/aggregatepage_1.jpg?itok=nJb2HMV7" width="100" height="45" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/services-resources/software/vcctl-software"><span>VCCTL Software</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> (Return to Cement Hydration and Degradation Modeling Software) The Virtual Cement and Concrete Testing Laboratory (VCCTL) software provides a virtual testing </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="link-list"> <a href="/services-resources/software/org/5646">View All Software</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block " > <h2 class="nist-block__title" > <div class="string">Tools and Instruments</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-07f8c2050f342ddb33b81793d821f43564b32db403b0c0d2ca17cf7b92332b87"> <div> <article about="/laboratories/tools-instruments/fire-calorimetry-database-fcd" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/laboratories/tools-instruments/fire-calorimetry-database-fcd" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2021/02/11/SouthWide%20-%202019-12-10%20-%20Test16_8woodCrib_r1%20-%2001-32-00.600%20PM-frameP.jpg?itok=pGlkTrvM" width="100" height="56" alt="FCD-landing-page.jpg" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/laboratories/tools-instruments/fire-calorimetry-database-fcd"><span>Fire Calorimetry Database (FCD)</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> The NIST Fire Calorimetry Database (FCD) contains results of fire experiments conducted at the National Fire Research Laboratory. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/laboratories/tools-instruments/sphere" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/laboratories/tools-instruments/sphere" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/06/17/OIP%20%282%29.png?itok=A72ywvUp" width="99" height="100" alt="A" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/laboratories/tools-instruments/sphere"><span>SPHERE</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> In the artificial ultraviolet (UV) weathering of materials, a need exists for weathering devices that can uniformly illuminate test specimens with a high level </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/laboratories/tools-instruments/additive-manufacturing-metrology-testbed-ammt" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/laboratories/tools-instruments/additive-manufacturing-metrology-testbed-ammt" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/07/03/NIST-metal-3D-printing-testbed.-500x383.png?itok=Z8uzdiJt" width="100" height="77" alt="TEMP" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/laboratories/tools-instruments/additive-manufacturing-metrology-testbed-ammt"><span>Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed (AMMT)</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> The NIST Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed is a fully custom, open-platform laser powder bed fusion (LBPF) system to advance monitoring, controls, and </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/laboratories/tools-instruments/additive-manufacturing-powder-metrology-laboratory" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/laboratories/tools-instruments/additive-manufacturing-powder-metrology-laboratory"><span>Additive Manufacturing Powder Metrology Laboratory</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> NIST researchers are developing and deploying test methods, protocols, and exemplar data for characterizing the properties of metal powders used in commercial </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments/org/5646">View All Tools &amp; Instruments</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block " > <h2 class="nist-block__title" > <div class="string">Awards</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-74948d723bfa735f1ef11a9fea68e409a17bb3873928b365821053f39c4b2ceb"> <div> <article about="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-john-harris-iii-matthew-speicher-siamak-sattar" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-john-harris-iii-matthew-speicher-siamak-sattar" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/12/12/Speicher.Harris.Sattar.jpg?itok=JNnZAyeY" width="100" height="65" alt="Matthew Speicher, John Harris, Saimak Sattar" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-john-harris-iii-matthew-speicher-siamak-sattar"><span>2024 - Bronze Medal Award---John Harris, III, Matthew Speicher, Siamak Sattar</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="string-long">For developing critical improvements in seismic design criteria and evaluation of buildings in standards through an innovative research program.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-shelly-bagchi-jeremy-marvel-megan-zimmerman" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-shelly-bagchi-jeremy-marvel-megan-zimmerman" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/12/12/Marvell.Zimmerman.Bronze.jpg?itok=iCVvF-au" width="100" height="71" alt="Megan Zimmerman, Jeremy Marvel" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-shelly-bagchi-jeremy-marvel-megan-zimmerman"><span>2024 - Bronze Medal Award---Shelly Bagchi, Jeremy Marvel, Megan Zimmerman</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="string-long">For developing innovative metrology tools, standards, and global community events to advance technologies for human-robot interaction.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-joseph-main-fahim-sadek-jonathan-weigand" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-joseph-main-fahim-sadek-jonathan-weigand" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/12/12/Main.Sadek_.Weigand.jpg?itok=3WhFlt7I" width="100" height="71" alt="Joseph Main, Fahim Sadek, Jonathan Weigand" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-joseph-main-fahim-sadek-jonathan-weigand"><span>2024 - Bronze Medal Award---Joseph Main, Fahim Sadek, Jonathan Weigand</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="string-long">For developing the scientific basis for the first U.S. standard for prevention of catastrophic collapse of buildings.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-gregory-vogl" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-gregory-vogl" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/12/12/Vogl.jpg?itok=84f6s5Ey" width="71" height="100" alt="Gregory Vogl" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/nist-awards/2024-bronze-medal-award-gregory-vogl"><span>2024 - Bronze Medal Award---Gregory Vogl</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="string-long">For leading development of the ASME B5.64 Single-Axis Linear Positioning Systems standard that improves performance of precision manufacturing systems.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/awards/org/5646">View All Awards</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block " > <h2 class="nist-block__title" > <div class="string">Taking Measure Blog</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-08c0687f36a17c471483a49d43469f208410d795db4a97bb83de051613679300"> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/7-tips-keep-your-smart-home-safer-and-more-private-nist-cybersecurity" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/7-tips-keep-your-smart-home-safer-and-more-private-nist-cybersecurity" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/03/11/julie_haney_computer_and_smartphone_021325.jpg?itok=1GwDB0fE" width="100" height="67" alt="Julie Haney sits at a table in the NIST library with a laptop, looking at a smartphone in her hand. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/7-tips-keep-your-smart-home-safer-and-more-private-nist-cybersecurity"><span>7 Tips to Keep Your Smart Home Safer and More Private, From a NIST Cybersecurity Researcher</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-04-02T12:00:00Z">April 2, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Our smart home devices can be compromised, but you can take a few simple steps to reduce your risks. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/mathematical-models-can-help-us-understand-and-possibly-treat-complex-diseases" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/mathematical-models-can-help-us-understand-and-possibly-treat-complex-diseases" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/02/03/leroy_jia_office_012725.jpg?itok=1yQXrx3f" width="100" height="67" alt="Leroy Jia poses smiling at his desk, with piles of books in the background. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/mathematical-models-can-help-us-understand-and-possibly-treat-complex-diseases"><span>Mathematical Models Can Help Us Understand — and Possibly Treat — Complex Diseases </span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-03-26T12:00:00Z">March 26, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> What if a computer model could help make us healthier? Researchers at NIST and elsewhere are working to make this a reality for patients with a condition of the </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/shedding-light-how-nists-light-database-helps-bring-you-computer-chips-welded" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/shedding-light-how-nists-light-database-helps-bring-you-computer-chips-welded" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/03/17/alexander_kramida_in_office_february_2025.png?itok=rUN_fsv2" width="100" height="67" alt="Alexander Kramida looks up as he sits at his desk in front of a computer screen full of data." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/shedding-light-how-nists-light-database-helps-bring-you-computer-chips-welded"><span>Shedding Light: How NIST’s Light Database Helps Bring You Computer Chips, Welded Steel and More</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-03-20T12:00:00Z">March 20, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Atomic spectroscopy helps to bring us many things we use every day, but without updated information, it would be harder for scientists and experts to create </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/marie-sklodowska-curie-legacy-innovation-and-empowerment-women-science" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/marie-sklodowska-curie-legacy-innovation-and-empowerment-women-science" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/02/12/justyna_zwolak_1_021125.png?itok=b6DRTY4Y" width="100" height="76" alt="Justyna Zwolak poses for a casual photo outdoors on the NIST campus." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/marie-sklodowska-curie-legacy-innovation-and-empowerment-women-science"><span>Marie Skłodowska-Curie: A Legacy of Innovation and Empowerment for Women in Science</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-03-12T12:00:00Z">March 12, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Growing up in a country where the first scientist to win a Nobel Prize was a woman helped inspire a NIST researcher to pursue her career in science. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/insulation-melts-your-walls-and-could-reduce-your-energy-costs" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/insulation-melts-your-walls-and-could-reduce-your-energy-costs" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/01/30/jae_hyun_kim_portrait_012125.JPG?itok=JlrBhtoT" width="100" height="67" alt="A researcher in a lab coat and safety glasses poses next to a large piece of lab equipment." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/insulation-melts-your-walls-and-could-reduce-your-energy-costs"><span>The Insulation That Melts in Your Walls — and Could Reduce Your Energy Costs</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-02-26T12:00:00Z">February 26, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Wherever humans go, we take some form of insulation with us to keep us at just the right temperature. But just because the idea is old doesn’t mean that there </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/high-flying-science-how-and-why-we-sent-refrigerator-halfway-space" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/high-flying-science-how-and-why-we-sent-refrigerator-halfway-space" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/01/23/ephraim_gau_tes_balloon_in_air_012125.JPG?itok=vkGGerAo" width="75" height="100" alt="A rectangular box coated with reflective foil hangs from cables over a parking lot." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/high-flying-science-how-and-why-we-sent-refrigerator-halfway-space"><span>High-Flying Science: How and Why We Sent a Refrigerator Halfway to Space</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-02-12T12:00:00Z">February 12, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> NIST-developed tools can study the remnants of the Big Bang and more, and now researchers are working to launch these tools high above the Earth’s atmosphere — </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/5-concepts-can-help-you-understand-quantum-mechanics-and-technology-without" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/5-concepts-can-help-you-understand-quantum-mechanics-and-technology-without" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/10/16/tara_fortier_working_in_lab_october_2023.jpg?itok=RkM9HePP" width="100" height="67" alt="A researcher wearing safety glasses reaches into a box of circuitry and other equipment, which emits a green glow. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/5-concepts-can-help-you-understand-quantum-mechanics-and-technology-without"><span>5 Concepts Can Help You Understand Quantum Mechanics and Technology — Without Math!</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-02-05T12:00:00Z">February 5, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Quantum is everywhere, and you can understand the basic quirks of life at the quantum level … no math required. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/drones-disaster-zones-how-advanced-3d-mapping-technology-can-help-first" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/drones-disaster-zones-how-advanced-3d-mapping-technology-can-help-first" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2025/01/06/judges_watching_drone_compeition_012925.jpg?itok=2msUHID6" width="100" height="67" alt="Four men are protected by a net structure as they look away from the camera toward a drone flying in a large high-ceilinged room with street signs on the walls." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/drones-disaster-zones-how-advanced-3d-mapping-technology-can-help-first"><span>Drones in Disaster Zones: How Advanced 3D Mapping Technology Can Help First Responders Save Lives</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-01-29T12:00:00Z">January 29, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> NIST is working to help emergency workers have more information in a crisis by encouraging the development of advanced drones at an affordable price. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/robots-and-ai-are-working-together-bring-you-better-medicines-shampoo-and-more" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/robots-and-ai-are-working-together-bring-you-better-medicines-shampoo-and-more" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/12/18/peter_beaucage_afl_equipment_121024.jpg?itok=CdxapNjs" width="100" height="67" alt="Peter Beaucage wears safety glasses as he stands in the lab, holding a piece of equipment on display. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/robots-and-ai-are-working-together-bring-you-better-medicines-shampoo-and-more"><span>Robots and AI Are Working Together to Bring You Better Medicines, Shampoo and More</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-01-15T12:00:00Z">January 15, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Products you use every day are carefully formulated in a lab. Experts at NIST are now working to revolutionize how those products are made. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/speeding-wheels-justice-how-nist-resources-can-help-crime-labs-work-faster" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/speeding-wheels-justice-how-nist-resources-can-help-crime-labs-work-faster" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/12/04/briana_lab_table_web_ready_111824jpg.jpg?itok=bgbOWjEm" width="100" height="76" alt="Briana Capistran wears safety glasses as she poses smiling in the lab with computers and other equipment in the background. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/speeding-wheels-justice-how-nist-resources-can-help-crime-labs-work-faster"><span>Speeding Up the Wheels of Justice: How NIST Resources Can Help Crime Labs Work Faster</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2025-01-08T12:00:00Z">January 8, 2025</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Forensic science is not as easy as it looks on TV. But NIST resources are helping crime labs examine evidence more efficiently — so the justice system can work </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/look-back-past-3-years-accomplishments-nist-director-laurie-e-locascio" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/look-back-past-3-years-accomplishments-nist-director-laurie-e-locascio" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/04/20/LLHS_3063_0.jpg?itok=trtjWTVk" width="67" height="100" alt="Laurie Locascio" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/look-back-past-3-years-accomplishments-nist-director-laurie-e-locascio"><span>A Look Back at the Past 3 Years’ Accomplishments, by NIST Director Laurie E. Locascio</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-12-23T12:00:00Z">December 23, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> NIST Director Laurie E. Locascio departs NIST this month after more than 30 years at the agency, including three as its director. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/safer-skies-fewer-fires-10-ways-nist-impacts-your-daily-life" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/safer-skies-fewer-fires-10-ways-nist-impacts-your-daily-life" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/12/12/2024_EndofYearBlogPost_960x600_v1.png?itok=qqCEC65E" width="100" height="63" alt="Photos of everyday objects like an iron, a gas can and a laptop along with high-tech items like an atomic clock and a mass balance. Label reads: 10 Ways NIST Impacts Your Daily Life. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/safer-skies-fewer-fires-10-ways-nist-impacts-your-daily-life"><span>From Safer Skies to Fewer Fires: 10 Ways NIST Impacts Your Daily Life</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-12-19T12:00:00Z">December 19, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> If you’ve ever had a medical test, flown on an airplane, or needed to check the time, NIST’s work affects your life every day. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/pirouetting-molecules-can-help-us-learn-about-history-universe" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/pirouetting-molecules-can-help-us-learn-about-history-universe" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/11/25/shutterstock_458501299.jpg?itok=L0ifHXVj" width="100" height="100" alt="Illustration shows a lottery ball machine: a clear plastic sphere on a stand, half-filled with colorful numbered balls. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/pirouetting-molecules-can-help-us-learn-about-history-universe"><span>Pirouetting Molecules Can Help Us Learn About the History of the Universe</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-12-11T12:00:00Z">December 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Our researchers are trapping tiny, fast-moving molecules — in hopes of learning more about the formation of our stars and universe. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/talk-nisty-me-when-everyday-words-take-different-meanings-measurement-science" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/talk-nisty-me-when-everyday-words-take-different-meanings-measurement-science" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/07/03/DSC_5319_web.jpg?itok=BmpD3FoJ" width="100" height="67" alt="A researcher wearing a lab coat uses tongs to place a silvery sphere into a large scientific device as another researcher looks on. " typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/talk-nisty-me-when-everyday-words-take-different-meanings-measurement-science"><span>Talk NISTy to Me: When Everyday Words Take On Different Meanings in Measurement Science</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-12-04T12:00:00Z">December 4, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> Words that have common meanings have different definitions in the world of measurement science. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/laser-could-offer-peek-insides-our-muscles-or-look-through-fire" class="nist-teaser" > <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/blogs/taking-measure/laser-could-offer-peek-insides-our-muscles-or-look-through-fire" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/10/08/DSC00834%20%281%29.jpg?itok=r4fbVh31" width="100" height="67" alt="Esther Baumann leans over a lab table, surrounded with wires and scientific equipment." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/blogs/taking-measure/laser-could-offer-peek-insides-our-muscles-or-look-through-fire"><span>A Laser Could Offer a Peek Into the Insides of Our Muscles or Look Through Fire</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-11-20T12:00:00Z">November 20, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"> A NIST-developed laser system might someday check your muscle health when you flex your arm. 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