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艦akar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: G眉rkan 艦akar"> <meta name="keywords" content="G眉rkan 艦akar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="G眉rkan 艦akar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: G眉rkan 艦akar</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Lateral Buckling of Nanoparticle Additive Composite Beams </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCrkan%20%C5%9Eakar">G眉rkan 艦akar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akg%C3%BCn%20Alsaran"> Akg眉n Alsaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emrah%20E.%20%C3%96zbaldan"> Emrah E. 脰zbaldan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, lateral buckling analysis of composite beams with particle additive was carried out experimentally and numerically. The effects of particle type, particle addition ratio on buckling loads of composite beams were determined. The numerical studies were performed with ANSYS package. In the analyses, clamped-free boundary condition was assumed. The load carrying capabilities of composite beams were influenced by different particle types and particle addition ratios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20buckling" title="lateral buckling">lateral buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticle" title=" nanoparticle"> nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20beam" title=" composite beam"> composite beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numeric%20analysis" title=" numeric analysis"> numeric analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54619/lateral-buckling-of-nanoparticle-additive-composite-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> The Free Vibration Analysis of Honeycomb Sandwich Beam using 3D and Continuum Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCrkan%20%C5%9Eakar">G眉rkan 艦akar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fevzi%20%C3%87akmak%20Bolat"> Fevzi 脟akmak Bolat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study free vibration analysis of aluminum honeycomb sandwich structures were carried out experimentally and numerically. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of sandwich structures fabricated with different configurations for clamped-free boundary condition were determined. The effects of lower and upper face sheet thickness, the core material thickness, cell diameter, cell angle and foil thickness on the vibration characteristics were examined. The numerical studies were performed with ANSYS package. While the sandwich structures were modeled in ANSYS the continuum model was used. Later, the numerical results were compared with the experimental findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20structure" title="sandwich structure">sandwich structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20vibration" title=" free vibration"> free vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numeric%20analysis" title=" numeric analysis"> numeric analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20model" title=" 3D model"> 3D model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuum%20model" title=" continuum model"> continuum model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31180/the-free-vibration-analysis-of-honeycomb-sandwich-beam-using-3d-and-continuum-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Understanding Organizational Capabilities and Dynamic Capabilities in the Context of Micro Enterprises: A Research Agenda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Gurkan%20Inan">G. Gurkan Inan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umit%20S.%20Bititci"> Umit S. Bititci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose of this study is to understand development of organizational capabilities in micro enterprises. Organizational capabilities underpin companies` competitive advantages as well as their ability to respond internal and external change. Current literature is focused on mainly large enterprises, with some interest on SMEs. However there is little research attempting to understand the applicability of organizational capability theories on micro enterprises. In this paper we propose a research framework and a research agenda for addressing this gap. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20enterprises" title="micro enterprises">micro enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20capabilities" title=" organizational capabilities"> organizational capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20capabilities" title=" dynamic capabilities"> dynamic capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14155/understanding-organizational-capabilities-and-dynamic-capabilities-in-the-context-of-micro-enterprises-a-research-agenda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> A Hybrid Hopfield Neural Network for Dynamic Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a new hybrid Hopfield neural network is proposed for the dynamic, flexible job shop scheduling problem. A new heuristic based and easy to implement energy function is designed for the Hopfield neural network, which penalizes the constraints violation and decreases makespan. Moreover, for enhancing the performance, several heuristics are integrated to it that achieve active, and non-delay schedules also, prevent early convergence of the neural network. The suggested algorithm that is designed as a generalization of the previous studies for the flexible and dynamic scheduling problems can be used for solving real scheduling problems. Comparison of the presented hybrid method results with the previous studies results proves its efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20flexible%20job%20shop%20scheduling" title="dynamic flexible job shop scheduling">dynamic flexible job shop scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heuristics" title=" heuristics"> heuristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constrained%20optimization" title=" constrained optimization"> constrained optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72143/a-hybrid-hopfield-neural-network-for-dynamic-flexible-job-shop-scheduling-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Poem and Novel Translations from Arabic to Turkish Done between the Years of 1980-2015</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCrkan%20Da%C4%9Fba%C5%9F%C4%B1">G眉rkan Da臒ba艧谋</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Translation is a vitally important activity like as the expression the thought and emotions of humanbeing, providing reciprocal cultural transfer, shaping future by establishing a connection with the past, and like as being exist in an other language. Translation is also an important instrument providing cross-cultural coalescence between nations. Although the first translations from Arabic to Turkish was restricted to only religious texts, over time, the importance of translation was found out via translations of works about literature. Later on, some literature genres like novel and poems were also translated from Arabic to Turkish. Works of many men of Arabic literature were translated to Turkish, including Nejib Mahfuz, owner of Nobel Prize, Tawfiq al-Hakim, Adonis, Gibran Khalil Gibran and etc. In this study, novels and poems translated from Arabic to Turkish between 1980-2015 years are examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poem" title="poem">poem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel" title=" novel"> novel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic" title=" Arabic"> Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation" title=" translation"> translation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53178/poem-and-novel-translations-from-arabic-to-turkish-done-between-the-years-of-1980-2015" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> A Hybrid Tabu Search Algorithm for the Multi-Objective Job Shop Scheduling Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a hybrid Tabu Search (TS) algorithm is suggested for the multi-objective job shop scheduling problems (MO-JSSPs). The algorithm integrates several shifting bottleneck based neighborhood structures with the Giffler & Thompson algorithm, which improve efficiency of the search. Diversification and intensification are provided with local and global left shift algorithms application and also new semi-active, active, and non-delay schedules creation. The suggested algorithm is tested in the MO-JSSPs benchmarks from the literature based on the Pareto optimality concept. Different performances criteria are used for the multi-objective algorithm evaluation. The proposed algorithm is able to find the Pareto solutions of the test problems in shorter time than other algorithm of the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tabu%20search" title="tabu search">tabu search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heuristics" title=" heuristics"> heuristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20shop%20scheduling" title=" job shop scheduling"> job shop scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pareto%20optimality" title=" Pareto optimality"> Pareto optimality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71920/a-hybrid-tabu-search-algorithm-for-the-multi-objective-job-shop-scheduling-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> A High-Level Co-Evolutionary Hybrid Algorithm for the Multi-Objective Job Shop Scheduling Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a hybrid distributed algorithm has been suggested for the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem. Many new approaches are used at design steps of the distributed algorithm. Co-evolutionary structure of the algorithm and competition between different communicated hybrid algorithms, which are executed simultaneously, causes to efficient search. Using several machines for distributing the algorithms, at the iteration and solution levels, increases computational speed. The proposed algorithm is able to find the Pareto solutions of the big problems in shorter time than other algorithm in the literature. Apache Spark and Hadoop platforms have been used for the distribution of the algorithm. The suggested algorithm and implementations have been compared with results of the successful algorithms in the literature. Results prove the efficiency and high speed of the algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20algorithms" title="distributed algorithms">distributed algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apache%20Spark" title=" Apache Spark"> Apache Spark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadoop" title=" Hadoop"> Hadoop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20shop%20scheduling" title=" job shop scheduling"> job shop scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72317/a-high-level-co-evolutionary-hybrid-algorithm-for-the-multi-objective-job-shop-scheduling-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> A Hybrid Distributed Algorithm for Solving Job Shop Scheduling Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a distributed hybrid algorithm is proposed for solving the job shop scheduling problem. The suggested method executes different artificial neural networks, heuristics and meta-heuristics simultaneously on more than one machine. The neural networks are used to control the constraints of the problem while the meta-heuristics search the global space and the heuristics are used to prevent the premature convergence. To attain an efficient distributed intelligent method for solving big and distributed job shop scheduling problems, Apache Spark and Hadoop frameworks are used. In the algorithm implementation and design steps, new approaches are applied. Comparison between the proposed algorithm and other efficient algorithms from the literature shows its efficiency, which is able to solve large size problems in short time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20algorithms" title="distributed algorithms">distributed algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apache%20Spark" title=" Apache Spark"> Apache Spark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadoop" title=" Hadoop"> Hadoop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20shop%20scheduling" title=" job shop scheduling"> job shop scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72320/a-hybrid-distributed-algorithm-for-solving-job-shop-scheduling-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> A Hybrid Distributed Algorithm for Multi-Objective Dynamic Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a hybrid distributed algorithm has been suggested for multi-objective dynamic flexible job shop scheduling problem. The proposed algorithm is high level, in which several algorithms search the space on different machines simultaneously also it is a hybrid algorithm that takes advantages of the artificial intelligence, evolutionary and optimization methods. Distribution is done at different levels and new approaches are used for design of the algorithm. Apache spark and Hadoop frameworks have been used for the distribution of the algorithm. The Pareto optimality approach is used for solving the multi-objective benchmarks. The suggested algorithm that is able to solve large-size problems in short times has been compared with the successful algorithms of the literature. The results prove high speed and efficiency of the algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20algorithms" title="distributed algorithms">distributed algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apache-spark" title=" apache-spark"> apache-spark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadoop" title=" Hadoop"> Hadoop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20dynamic%20job%20shop%20scheduling" title=" flexible dynamic job shop scheduling"> flexible dynamic job shop scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72319/a-hybrid-distributed-algorithm-for-multi-objective-dynamic-flexible-job-shop-scheduling-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Effects of Irrigation Intervals on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Black Carrot Leaves (Daucus carota L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakan%20Arslan">Hakan Arslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deniz%20Ekinci"> Deniz Ekinci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alper%20Gungor"> Alper Gungor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Bilir"> Gurkan Bilir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Tas"> Omer Tas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Altun"> Mehmet Altun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting the agricultural production worldwide. In this study, Leaf samples were taken from the carrot plants grown under drought stress conditions during the harvesting period. The plants were irrigated in three irrigation interval (4, 6 and 8 days) and Irrigation water regime was set up in pots. The changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in leaves of black carrot were investigated. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (GR, GST, SOD) were varied significantly with irrigation intervals. The highest value of GR, GST and SOD were determined in the irrigation interval of 6 days. All antioxidant activity values were decreased in 8 days of irrigation interval. As a result of the study, it has been suggested that optimum irrigation intervals for plants can be used in antioxidant enzymes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20enzyme" title="antioxidant enzyme">antioxidant enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrot" title=" carrot"> carrot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation%20interval" title=" irrigation interval"> irrigation interval</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96989/effects-of-irrigation-intervals-on-antioxidant-enzyme-activity-in-black-carrot-leaves-daucus-carota-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> A Modified NSGA-II Algorithm for Solving Multi-Objective Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozan%20Bahadir"> Ozan Bahadir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> NSGA-II is one of the most well-known and most widely used evolutionary algorithms. In addition to its new versions, such as NSGA-III, there are several modified types of this algorithm in the literature. In this paper, a hybrid NSGA-II algorithm has been suggested for solving the multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem. For a better search, new neighborhood-based crossover and mutation operators are defined. To create new generations, the neighbors of the selected individuals by the tournament selection are constructed. Also, at the end of each iteration, before sorting, neighbors of a certain number of good solutions are derived, except for solutions protected by elitism. The neighbors are generated using a constraint-based neural network that uses various constructs. The non-dominated sorting and crowding distance operators are same as the classic NSGA-II. A comparison based on some multi-objective benchmarks from the literature shows the efficiency of the algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20job%20shop%20scheduling%20problem" title="flexible job shop scheduling problem">flexible job shop scheduling problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NSGA-II%20algorithm" title=" NSGA-II algorithm"> NSGA-II algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood%20structures" title=" neighborhood structures"> neighborhood structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96824/a-modified-nsga-ii-algorithm-for-solving-multi-objective-flexible-job-shop-scheduling-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Lesbian Stereotype Representation in Cinema in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20G%C3%BCrkan">Hasan G眉rkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rengin%20Ozan"> Rengin Ozan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cinema, as a popular mass media tool, affects the general perception of the society against sexual identity. By establishing on interaction relationship with cinema and social reality, the study also tries to answer what the importance of lesbian identity in social life in films in Turkey is. This article focus on representing the description of the women characters who call their selves lesbian in Turkey cinema. The study tries to answer these three questions: First, how the lesbian characters are represented in films in Turkey? Second, what is the reality of the lesbian sexual identity in the films? Third, what are the differences and similarities between the lesbian characters in films in Turkey before 2000s and after 2000s? The films are analysed by the sociological film interpretation in this study. When comparing the films before 2000 and after 2000, it is possible to say that there have been no lesbian characters in many films. Especially almost all of the films (Haremde D枚rt Kad谋n, Ver Elini 陌stanbul, Dul Bir Kad谋n, Gramofon Avrat, Lola and Billidikid), during 1960s, just threw looks indirect the lesbian sex identity. Just in the films D眉艧 Gezginleri, 陌ki Gen莽 K谋z and Nar, the women character (also called them as lesbian) are the leading role and the plot of the films is progressing over these characters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cinema%20in%20Turkey" title="cinema in Turkey">cinema in Turkey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lesbian%20identity" title=" lesbian identity"> lesbian identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representation" title=" representation"> representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereotype" title=" stereotype"> stereotype</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41877/lesbian-stereotype-representation-in-cinema-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> A Hybrid Pareto-Based Swarm Optimization Algorithm for the Multi-Objective Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a new hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed for the multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem that is very important and hard combinatorial problem. The Pareto approach is used for solving the multi-objective problem. Several new local search heuristics are integrated into an algorithm based on the critical block concept to enhance the performance of the algorithm. The algorithm is compared with the recently published multi-objective algorithms based on benchmarks selected from the literature. Several metrics are used for quantifying performance and comparison of the achieved solutions. The algorithms are also compared based on the Weighting summation of objectives approach. The proposed algorithm can find the Pareto solutions more efficiently than the compared algorithms in less computational time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swarm-based%20optimization" title="swarm-based optimization">swarm-based optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20search" title=" local search"> local search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pareto%20optimality" title=" Pareto optimality"> Pareto optimality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20job%20shop%20scheduling" title=" flexible job shop scheduling"> flexible job shop scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72144/a-hybrid-pareto-based-swarm-optimization-algorithm-for-the-multi-objective-flexible-job-shop-scheduling-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> A Constrained Neural Network Based Variable Neighborhood Search for the Multi-Objective Dynamic Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Teymourifar">Aydin Teymourifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurkan%20Ozturk"> Gurkan Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozan%20Bahadir"> Ozan Bahadir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a new neural network based variable neighborhood search is proposed for the multi-objective dynamic, flexible job shop scheduling problems. The neural network controls the problems' constraints to prevent infeasible solutions, while the Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) applies moves, based on the critical block concept to improve the solutions. Two approaches are used for managing the constraints, in the first approach, infeasible solutions are modified according to the constraints, after the moves application, while in the second one, infeasible moves are prevented. Several neighborhood structures from the literature with some modifications, also new structures are used in the VNS. The suggested neighborhoods are more systematically defined and easy to implement. Comparison is done based on a multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem that is dynamic because of the jobs different release time and machines breakdowns. The results show that the presented method has better performance than the compared VNSs selected from the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constrained%20optimization" title="constrained optimization">constrained optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20neighborhood%20search" title=" variable neighborhood search"> variable neighborhood search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20job%20shop%20scheduling" title=" flexible job shop scheduling"> flexible job shop scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20multi-objective%20optimization" title=" dynamic multi-objective optimization"> dynamic multi-objective optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71919/a-constrained-neural-network-based-variable-neighborhood-search-for-the-multi-objective-dynamic-flexible-job-shop-scheduling-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Viscous Flow Computations for the Diffuser Section of a Large Cavitation Tunnel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Y.%20Gurkan">Ahmet Y. Gurkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cagatay%20S.%20Koksal"> Cagatay S. Koksal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cagri%20Aydin"> Cagri Aydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Oral%20Unal"> U. Oral Unal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper covers the viscous flow computations for the asymmetric diffuser section of a large, high-speed cavitation tunnel which will be constructed in Istanbul Technical University. The analyses were carried out by using the incompressible Reynold-Averaged-Navier-Stokes equations. While determining the diffuser geometry, a high quality, separation-free flow field with minimum energy loses was particularly aimed. The expansion angle has a critical role on the diffuser hydrodynamic performance. In order obtain a relatively short diffuser length, due to the constructive limitations, and hydrodynamic energy effectiveness, three diffuser sections with varying expansion angles for side and bottom walls were considered. A systematic study was performed to determine the most effective diffuser configuration. The results revealed that the inlet condition of the diffuser greatly affects its flow field. The inclusion of the contraction section in the computations substantially modified the flow topology in the diffuser. The effect of the diffuser flow on the test section flow characteristics was clearly observed. The influence of the introduction of small chamfers at the corners of the diffuser geometry is also presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20diffuser" title="asymmetric diffuser">asymmetric diffuser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffuser%20design" title=" diffuser design"> diffuser design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitation%20tunnel" title=" cavitation tunnel"> cavitation tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20flow" title=" viscous flow"> viscous flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics%20%28CFD%29" title=" computational fluid dynamics (CFD)"> computational fluid dynamics (CFD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rans" title=" rans"> rans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62078/viscous-flow-computations-for-the-diffuser-section-of-a-large-cavitation-tunnel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Human-Elephant Conflict and Mitigation Measures in Buffer Zone of Bardia National Park, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabin%20Paudel">Rabin Paudel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dambar%20Bahadur%20Mahato"> Dambar Bahadur Mahato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabin%20Poudel"> Prabin Poudel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bijaya%20Neupane"> Bijaya Neupane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakar%20Jha"> Sakar Jha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) is very important in countries like Nepal, where solutions to escalating conflicts are urgently required. However, most of the HEC mitigation measures implemented so far have been done on an ad hoc basis without the detailed understanding of nature and extent of the damage. This study aims to assess the current scenario of HEC in regards to crop and property damages by Wild Asian Elephant and people鈥檚 perception towards existing mitigating measures and elephant conservation in Buffer zone area of Bardia National Park. The methods used were a questionnaire survey (N= 178), key-informant interview (N= 18) and focal group discussions (N= 6). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the nature and extent of damage and to understand people鈥檚 perception towards HEC, its mitigation measures and elephant conservation. Chi-square test was applied to determine the significance of crop and property damages with respect to distance from the park boundary. Out of all types of damage, crop damage was found to be the highest (51%), followed by house damage (31%) and damage to stored grains (18%) with winter being the season with the greatest elephant damage. Among 178 respondents, the majority of them (82%) were positive towards elephant conservation despite the increment in HEC incidents as perceived by 88% of total respondents. Among the mitigation measures present, the most applied was electric fence (91%) followed by barbed wire fence (5%), reinforced concrete cement wall (3%) and gabion wall (1%). Most effective mitigation measures were reinforced concrete cement wall and gabion wall. To combat increasing crop damage, the insurance policy should be initiated. The efficiency of the mitigation measures should be timely monitored, and corrective measures should be applied as per the need. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20and%20property%20damage" title="crop and property damage">crop and property damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elephant%20conflict" title=" elephant conflict"> elephant conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asiatic%20wild%20elephant" title=" Asiatic wild elephant"> Asiatic wild elephant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation%20measures" title=" mitigation measures"> mitigation measures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111975/human-elephant-conflict-and-mitigation-measures-in-buffer-zone-of-bardia-national-park-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111975.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Human Behaviour During an Earthquake: Descriptive Analysis on Indoor Video Recordings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazlum%20%C3%87elik">Mazlum 脟elik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burcu%20G%C3%BCrkan%20Ercan"> Burcu G眉rkan Ercan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Ayaz"> Ahmet Ayaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilal%20Yakut%20%C4%B0peko%C4%9Flu"> Hilal Yakut 陌peko臒lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Furkan%20Baltac%C4%B1"> Furkan Baltac谋</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Kurto%C4%9Flu"> Mustafa Kurto臒lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilge%20Kalkavan"> Bilge Kalkavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinem%20K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCky%C4%B1lmaz"> Sinem K眉莽眉ky谋lmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hikmet%20%C3%87a%C4%9Fr%C4%B1%20Yard%C4%B1mc%C4%B1"> Hikmet 脟a臒r谋 Yard谋mc谋</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eeyma%20Sevgican"> 艦eyma Sevgican</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cemile%20G%C3%B6k%C3%A7e%20Elkovan"> Cemile G枚k莽e Elkovan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20%C3%87ay%C4%B1r"> Bilal 脟ay谋r</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Emin%20D%C3%BCzcan"> Mehmet Emin D眉zcan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The earthquake research literature generally examines emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses after an earthquake. Studies concerning the behavioral responses to earthquakes reveal that after the earthquake, people either flee in a panic or do not act according to the stereotype that they act irrationally and anti-socially and sometimes give rational and adaptive reactions. However, the rareness of research dealing with human behavior experiencing the earthquake moment makes it necessary to pay particular attention to these behavior patterns. In this direction, this study aims to examine human behavior indoors in case of rising earthquake intensity. In Turkey, located on geography in the earthquake zone, devastating earthquakes took place, such as in "Istanbul" with a magnitude of 7.4 in 1999 and in "Elaz谋臒" with a magnitude of 6.8 in 2020. Occurred recently, the "Kahramanmara艧" earthquake affected 11 provinces, with a magnitude of 7.7 and 7.6 in 2023. In addition, there is expected to be a devastating earthquake in Istanbul, experts warn. For this reason, it is essential to understand human behavior for disaster risk. Management and pre-disaster preparedness to be effective and efficient and to take realistic measures to protect human life. Mazlum 脟elik, Burcu G眉rkan Ercan, Ahmet Ayaz, Hilal Yakut 陌peko臒lu, Furkan Baltac谋, Mustafa Kurto臒lu, Bilge Kalkavan, Sinem K眉莽眉ky谋lmaz, Hikmet 脟a臒r谋 Yard谋mc谋, 艦eyma Sevgican, Cemile G枚k莽e Elkovan, Bilal 脟ay谋r, Mehmet Emin D眉zcan. In this study, which is currently part of a project supported by The Scientific and Technological Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), the indoor recordings during the earthquakes in Elazig on January 24, 2020, and in 陌zmir on October 30, 2020, are examined, and the people's behavior during the earthquake is analyzed. In this direction, video recordings taken from the YouTube archives of 陌zmir and Elaz谋臒 Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) Directorates and metropolitan municipalities are examined. The researchers have created an observation form in line with the information in the relevant literature to classify people's behavior during an earthquake. It is intended to determine the behavioral patterns by classifying according to the form and video analysis of the people heading toward the door, remaining stable, taking protective measures, turning to people, and engaging in "other" behaviors outside of these behaviors during the earthquake. A total of 60 video analyzes are carried out from Elaz谋臒 and 陌zmir. The descriptive statistic has been used with the SPSS 23.0 package program in the data analysis. It is found that in the event of an increase in the severity of the earthquake, unlike Elaz谋臒, in 陌zmir, protective action is preferred to the act of remaining stable. In addition, it is observed that with the increase in the earthquake's intensity, women attempt to take more protective action while men head toward the door. In contrast, a rise is observed in the behavior of young people heading toward the door and taking protective actions, while there is a decrease in their behavior directing to people. These findings, unlike the literature, reveal that human behavior during earthquakes cannot be reduced to a single behavior pattern, such as drop-cover-hold-on. The results show that it is necessary to understand the behaviors of individuals during the earthquake and to develop practical policy proposals for combating earthquakes by considering sociocultural, geographical, and demographic variables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=descriptive%20analysis" title="descriptive analysis">descriptive analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20behaviour" title=" human behaviour"> human behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20policy." title=" disaster policy."> disaster policy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166536/human-behaviour-during-an-earthquake-descriptive-analysis-on-indoor-video-recordings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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