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class="cdx-message mw-fr-message-box cdx-message--inline cdx-message--notice mw-fr-mobile-message-inline"><div class="cdx-message__content">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=South_Dakota">reviewed</a> on 24 November 2024.</div></div></div></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="South Dakota (disambiguation)">South Dakota (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style>South Dakota (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/dəˈkoʊtə/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/35\/En-us-South_Dakota.ogg\/En-us-South_Dakota.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-South Dakota.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-us-South_Dakota.ogg/En-us-South_Dakota.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-South_Dakota.ogg" title="File:En-us-South Dakota.ogg">ⓘ</a>;<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sioux_language" title="Sioux language">Sioux</a>: Dakȟóta itókaga, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[daˈkˣota iˈtokaga]</a>) is a landlocked <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">state</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_North_Central_states" title="West North Central states">North Central</a> region of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. It is also part of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a>. South Dakota is named after the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_people" title="Dakota people">Dakota</a> <a href="/wiki/Sioux" title="Sioux">Sioux</a> tribe, which comprises a large portion of the population — with nine <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">reservations</a> currently in the state — and has historically dominated the territory.<a href="#cite_note-justice.gov_2015_n662-10">[9]</a> South Dakota is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">17th-largest by area</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">fifth-least populous</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population density">fifth-least densely populated</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states">50 United States</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a> is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">state capital</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a>, with a population of about 213,900,<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> is South Dakota's <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Dakota" title="List of cities in South Dakota">most populous city</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> The state is bisected by the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a>, dividing South Dakota into two geographically and socially distinct halves, known to residents as "<a href="/wiki/East_River_(South_Dakota)" title="East River (South Dakota)">East River</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/West_River_(South_Dakota)" title="West River (South Dakota)">West River</a>".<a href="#cite_note-eastwestriver-13">[12]</a> South Dakota is bordered by <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> to the southeast, <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a> to the south, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> to the west, and <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> to the northwest. <table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">South Dakota</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native">Dakȟóta itókaga (<a href="/wiki/Lakota_language" title="Lakota language">Lakota</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of South Dakota"><img alt="Flag of South Dakota" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg/125px-Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg/188px-Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg/250px-Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="450"></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_South_Dakota" title="Flag of South Dakota">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:State_Seal_of_South_Dakota.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of South Dakota"><img alt="Official seal of South Dakota" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/State_Seal_of_South_Dakota.svg/100px-State_Seal_of_South_Dakota.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/State_Seal_of_South_Dakota.svg/150px-State_Seal_of_South_Dakota.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/State_Seal_of_South_Dakota.svg/200px-State_Seal_of_South_Dakota.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720"></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_South_Dakota" title="Seal of South Dakota">Seal</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_nicknames" title="List of U.S. state and territory nicknames">Nickname</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">The <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a> State (official)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_mottos" title="List of U.S. state and territory mottos">Motto(s)</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Under God, the People Rule</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs" title="List of U.S. state songs">Anthem:</a> "<a href="/wiki/Hail,_South_Dakota!" title="Hail, South Dakota!">Hail, South Dakota!</a>"</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Dakota_in_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the United States with South Dakota highlighted"><img alt="Map of the United States with South Dakota highlighted" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/South_Dakota_in_United_States.svg/300px-South_Dakota_in_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/South_Dakota_in_United_States.svg/450px-South_Dakota_in_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/South_Dakota_in_United_States.svg/600px-South_Dakota_in_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731"></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Map of the United States with South Dakota highlighted</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Before statehood</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dakota_Territory" title="Dakota Territory">Dakota Territory</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">Admitted to the Union</a></th><td class="infobox-data">November 2, 1889 (40th)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of largest cities of U.S. states and territories by population">Largest city</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_most_populous_counties_by_U.S._state" title="List of the most populous counties by U.S. state">Largest county or equivalent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Minnehaha_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnehaha County">Minnehaha County</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Statistical_area_(United_States)" title="Statistical area (United States)">Largest metro</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">urban</a> areas</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota_metropolitan_area" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota metropolitan area">Sioux Falls</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Dakota" title="Governor of South Dakota">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Kristi Noem</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_South_Dakota" title="Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota">Lieutenant governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Rhoden" title="Larry Rhoden">Larry Rhoden</a> (R)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Legislature" title="South Dakota Legislature">South Dakota Legislature</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Senate" title="South Dakota Senate">Senate</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="South Dakota House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Supreme_Court" title="South Dakota Supreme Court">South Dakota Supreme Court</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">U.S. senators</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rounds" title="Mike Rounds">Mike Rounds</a> (R)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from South Dakota">U.S. House delegation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dusty_Johnson" title="Dusty Johnson">Dusty Johnson</a> (R) (<a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_South_Dakota" title="United States congressional delegations from South Dakota">list</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">77,116<a href="#cite_note-SDArea-1">[1]</a> sq mi (199,729 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">75,811 sq mi (196,350 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">1,305 sq mi (3,379 km2) 1.7%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">17th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Dimensions<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Length</th><td class="infobox-data">380 mi (610 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Width</th><td class="infobox-data">210 mi (340 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,200 ft (670 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Black_Elk_Peak" title="Black Elk Peak">Black Elk Peak</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-usgs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NAVD88-4">[a]</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,244 ft (2,208 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Big_Stone_Lake" title="Big Stone Lake">Big Stone Lake</a> on <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> border<a href="#cite_note-usgs-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NAVD88-4">[a]</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">968 ft (295 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2023)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">919,318</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">46th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">11.50/sq mi (4.44/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_population_density" title="List of states and territories of the United States by population density">46th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Median household income</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$56,521<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Income rank<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_district_by_median_household_income" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states and district by median household income">33rd</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">South Dakotan</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Language<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Official language</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sioux_language" title="Sioux language">Sioux</a> (official indigenous language)<a href="#cite_note-eu.argusleader.com-6">[5]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Spoken language</a></th><td class="infobox-data">English, Spanish (2.06%), <a href="/wiki/Sioux_language" title="Sioux language">Dakota</a><a href="#cite_note-eu.argusleader.com-6">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-sdlegislature-7">[6]</a> (1.39%), German (1.37%)<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zones</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">eastern half</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Time Zone (North America)">Central</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Daylight Time">CDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">western half</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9207:00" title="UTC−07:00">UTC−07:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mountain_Time_Zone" title="Mountain Time Zone">Mountain</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mountain_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain Daylight Time">MDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">USPS abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">SD</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:US" title="ISO 3166-2:US">US-SD</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">Traditional abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">S.D., S.Dak.</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Latitude</th><td class="infobox-data">42°29′ N to 45°56′ N</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Longitude</th><td class="infobox-data">96°26′ W to 104°03′ W</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sd.gov">sd.gov</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Humans</a> have inhabited the area for several millennia, with the Sioux becoming dominant by the early 19th century. In the late 19th century, European-American settlement intensified after a <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hills Gold Rush">gold rush</a> in the Black Hills and the construction of railroads from the east. Encroaching miners and settlers triggered a number of <a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">Indian wars</a>, ending with the <a href="/wiki/Wounded_Knee_Massacre" title="Wounded Knee Massacre">Wounded Knee Massacre</a> in 1890. As the southern part of the former <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Territory" title="Dakota Territory">Dakota Territory</a>, South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889, simultaneously with <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>. They are the 39th and 40th states admitted to the union; President <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a> shuffled the statehood papers before signing them so that no one could tell which became a state first.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> Key events in the 20th century included the <a href="/wiki/Dust_Bowl" title="Dust Bowl">Dust Bowl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, increased federal spending during the 1940s and 1950s for agriculture and defense, and an industrialization of agriculture that has reduced family farming. Eastern South Dakota is home to most of the state's population, and the area's fertile soil is used to grow a variety of crops. West of the Missouri River, <a href="/wiki/Ranch" title="Ranch">ranching</a> is the predominant agricultural activity, and the economy is more dependent on tourism and defense spending. Most of the Native American reservations are in <a href="/wiki/West_River_(South_Dakota)" title="West River (South Dakota)">West River</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a>, a group of low pine-covered mountains sacred to the Sioux, is in the southwest part of the state. <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a>, a major tourist destination, is there. South Dakota has a temperate <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a>, with four distinct seasons and precipitation levels ranging from moderate in the east to semi-arid in the west. The state's ecology features species typical of a North American <a href="/wiki/Grassland" title="Grassland">grassland</a> biome. While several <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a> have represented South Dakota for multiple terms in both chambers of <a href="/wiki/Congress_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress (United States)">Congress</a>, the state government is largely controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, whose nominees have carried South Dakota in each of the last 14 <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">presidential elections</a>. Historically dominated by an agricultural economy and a rural lifestyle, South Dakota has recently sought to diversify its economy in other areas to both attract and retain residents. South Dakota's history and rural character still strongly influence the state's culture. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Early_history">1.1 Early history</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#American_settlement_and_statehood">1.2 American settlement and statehood</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#20th_century_and_beyond">1.3 20th century and beyond</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Geography">2 Geography</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Regions_and_geology">2.1 Regions and geology</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Ecology">2.2 Ecology</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Climate">2.3 Climate</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#National_parks_and_monuments">2.4 National parks and monuments</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Demographics">3 Demographics</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Population">3.1 Population</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Race_or_Hispanic_Origin_(U.S._Census)">3.2 Race or Hispanic Origin (U.S. Census)</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Ethnicity_and_Place_of_Origin">3.3 Ethnicity and Place of Origin</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Languages">3.4 Languages</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Growth_and_rural_flight">3.5 Growth and rural flight</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Religion">3.6 Religion</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Economy">4 Economy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Transportation">5 Transportation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Government_and_politics">6 Government and politics</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Government">6.1 Government</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#State_taxes">6.2 State taxes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Federal_representation">6.3 Federal representation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#Politics">6.4 Politics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#Culture">7 Culture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#Cities_and_towns">8 Cities and towns</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#Media">9 Media</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#Education">10 Education</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#Sports_and_recreation">11 Sports and recreation</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="#Organized_sports">11.1 Organized sports</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#Recreation">11.2 Recreation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><a href="#State_symbols">12 State symbols</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="#See_also">13 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-33"><a href="#Notes">14 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="#References">15 References</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><a href="#Bibliography">15.1 Bibliography</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="#Further_reading">16 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-37"><a href="#External_links">17 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_South_Dakota" title="History of South Dakota">History of South Dakota</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_South_Dakota" title="Timeline of South Dakota">Timeline of South Dakota</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Humans have lived in what is today South Dakota for several thousand years. The first inhabitants were <a href="/wiki/Paleoindian" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleoindian">Paleoindian</a> hunter-gatherers, and disappeared from the area around 5000 BC.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> Between 500 AD and 800 AD, a semi-nomadic people known as the Mound Builders lived in central and eastern South Dakota. In the 14th century, the <a href="/wiki/Crow_Creek_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Crow Creek Massacre">Crow Creek Massacre</a> occurred, in which several hundred men, women, and children were killed near the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> By 1500, the <a href="/wiki/Arikara" title="Arikara">Arikara</a> (or Ree) had settled in much of the Missouri River valley.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> European contact with the area began in 1743, when the <a href="/wiki/Louis-Joseph_Gaultier_de_La_V%C3%A9rendrye" title="Louis-Joseph Gaultier de La Vérendrye">LaVérendrye</a> brothers explored the region. The LaVérendrye group buried a plate near the site of modern-day <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a>, claiming the region for France as part of <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">greater Louisiana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> In 1762 the entire region became part of the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Spanish Louisiana</a> until 1802.<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> By the early 19th century, the <a href="/wiki/Sioux" title="Sioux">Sioux</a> had largely replaced the Arikara as the dominant group in the area.<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_settlement_and_statehood">American settlement and statehood</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: American settlement and statehood" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Territory" title="Dakota Territory">Dakota Territory</a></div> In 1803, the United States purchased the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Territory" title="Louisiana Territory">Louisiana Territory</a>, an area that included most of South Dakota, from <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a>, and President <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> organized the <a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition" title="Lewis and Clark Expedition">Lewis and Clark Expedition</a> to explore the region.<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> In 1817, an American fur trading post was set up at present-day <a href="/wiki/Fort_Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Fort Pierre, South Dakota">Fort Pierre</a>, beginning continuous American settlement of the area.<a href="#cite_note-SDChrono-23">[22]</a> In 1855, the U.S. Army bought <a href="/wiki/Fort_Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Fort Pierre, South Dakota">Fort Pierre</a> but abandoned it in 1857 in favor of <a href="/wiki/Fort_Randall" title="Fort Randall">Fort Randall</a> to the south.<a href="#cite_note-SDChrono-23">[22]</a> Settlement by Americans and Europeans was by this time increasing rapidly, and in 1858 the <a href="/wiki/Yankton_Sioux" class="mw-redirect" title="Yankton Sioux">Yankton Sioux</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_treaties" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States treaties">1858 Treaty</a>, ceding most of present-day eastern South Dakota to the United States.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deadwood13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Deadwood13.jpg/200px-Deadwood13.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="230" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1156" data-file-height="1327"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 230px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Deadwood13.jpg/200px-Deadwood13.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="230" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Deadwood13.jpg/300px-Deadwood13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Deadwood13.jpg/400px-Deadwood13.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Deadwood,_South_Dakota" title="Deadwood, South Dakota">Deadwood</a>, like many other <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> towns, was founded after the discovery of gold.</figcaption></figure> Land speculators founded two of eastern South Dakota's largest present-day cities: <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a> in 1856 and <a href="/wiki/Yankton,_South_Dakota" title="Yankton, South Dakota">Yankton</a> in 1859.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> In 1861, the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Territory" title="Dakota Territory">Dakota Territory</a> was established by the United States government (this initially included <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>, South Dakota, and parts of <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>).<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> Settlement of the area, mostly by people from the eastern United States as well as western and northern <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, increased rapidly,<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> especially after the completion of an eastern railway link to Yankton in 1873.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> In 1874, gold was discovered in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> during a military expedition led by <a href="/wiki/George_Armstrong_Custer" title="George Armstrong Custer">George A. Custer</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> and miners and explorers began illegally entering land promised to the Lakota. Custer's expedition took place despite the fact that the <a href="/wiki/Sioux" title="Sioux">Sioux</a> had been granted the entire western half of present-day South Dakota (<a href="/wiki/West_River_(South_Dakota)" title="West River (South Dakota)">West River</a>) in 1868 by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fort_Laramie_(1868)" title="Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)">Treaty of Laramie</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Sioux_Reservation" title="Great Sioux Reservation">Great Sioux Reservation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> The Sioux declined to grant mining rights or land in the Black Hills, and war broke out after the U.S. failed to stop white miners and settlers from entering the region.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> Eventually the U.S. won and broke up the Great Sioux Reservation into five reservations, settling the <a href="/wiki/Lakota_people" title="Lakota people">Lakota</a> there.<a href="#cite_note-SDChrono-23">[22]</a> In 1980 the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a> and Congress ordered <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills_Land_Claim" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hills Land Claim">compensation to be offered</a> but the Lakota still refuse to accept it, insisting on return of their land.<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif/lossy-page1-250px-South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="190" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7367" data-file-height="5594"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 190px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif/lossy-page1-250px-South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="190" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif/lossy-page1-375px-South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif/lossy-page1-500px-South_Dakota_harvest_field-LCCN2008678244.tif.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A harvest in South Dakota, 1898</figcaption></figure> A growing population in the Dakota Territory caused political dissatisfaction between northern and southern territory residents, with the southern half being always more populated. Following the territorial capital being moved from Yankton to <a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a> in the northern part, calls for dividing the territory increased. South Dakota held constitutional conventions in 1883, 1885, and 1889.<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> Other account(s) state that the real reason for the split was a political lure for four Republican senators instead of two from the Republican dominated Dakota Territory and in their push to split the territory, Republican congressmen also ignored the uncomfortable fact that much of the land in the anticipated state of South Dakota belonged to the Sioux.<a href="#cite_note-richardson2-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> Eventually, in the 1887 general election, Dakota Territory residents voted for the division, so it was divided in half and Republican President <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a> signed proclamations formally admitting South Dakota and North Dakota to the union on November 2, 1889.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Thompson116-40">[39]</a> Harrison had the papers shuffled to obscure which one was signed first and the order went unrecorded.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson116-40">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-richardson-41">[40]</a> On December 29, 1890, the <a href="/wiki/Wounded_Knee_Massacre" title="Wounded Knee Massacre">Wounded Knee Massacre</a> occurred on the <a href="/wiki/Pine_Ridge_Indian_Reservation" title="Pine Ridge Indian Reservation">Pine Ridge Indian Reservation</a>. Commonly cited as the last major armed conflict between the United States and the <a href="/wiki/Lakota_Sioux" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakota Sioux">Lakota Sioux Nation</a>, the massacre resulted in the deaths of at least 146 Sioux, many of them women and children.<a href="#cite_note-Schell304-42">[41]</a> 31 U.S. soldiers were also killed in the conflict.<a href="#cite_note-Schell304-42">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century_and_beyond">20th century and beyond</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 20th century and beyond" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas,_South_Dakota_1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg/250px-Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1800"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 188px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg/250px-Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="188" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg/375px-Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg/500px-Dust_Bowl_-_Dallas%2C_South_Dakota_1936.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A South Dakota farm during the <a href="/wiki/Dust_Bowl" title="Dust Bowl">Dust Bowl</a>, 1936. Normal <a href="/wiki/Tillage" title="Tillage">tillage</a> practices turn South Dakota's fragile soil into a fine, loose powder that <a href="/wiki/Wind_erosion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wind erosion">blows away</a>, and sometimes covered vehicles, equipment, and buildings with dust during the Dust Bowl.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a></figcaption></figure> During the 1930s, several economic and climatic conditions combined with disastrous results for South Dakota. A lack of rainfall, extremely high temperatures and inappropriate cultivation techniques produced what was known as the <a href="/wiki/Dust_Bowl" title="Dust Bowl">Dust Bowl</a> in South Dakota and several other plains states. Fertile <a href="/wiki/Topsoil" title="Topsoil">topsoil</a> was blown away in massive dust storms, and several harvests were completely ruined.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> The experiences of the Dust Bowl, coupled with local bank <a href="/wiki/Foreclosure" title="Foreclosure">foreclosures</a> and the general economic effects of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, resulted in many South Dakotans leaving the state. The population of South Dakota declined by more than 7% between 1930 and 1940.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> Economic stability returned with the U.S. entry into <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in 1941, when demand for the state's agricultural and industrial products grew as the nation mobilized for war.<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> In 1944, the <a href="/wiki/Pick%E2%80%93Sloan_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pick–Sloan Plan">Pick–Sloan Plan</a> was passed as part of the <a href="/wiki/Flood_Control_Act_of_1944" title="Flood Control Act of 1944">Flood Control Act of 1944</a> by the U.S. Congress, resulting in the construction of six large dams on the Missouri River, four of which are at least partially in South Dakota.<a href="#cite_note-Schell323-47">[46]</a> Flood control, <a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">hydroelectricity</a>, and recreational opportunities such as boating and fishing are provided by the dams and their reservoirs.<a href="#cite_note-Schell323-47">[46]</a> In recent decades, South Dakota has been transformed from a state dominated by agriculture to one with a more diversified economy. The tourism industry has grown considerably since the mid-twentieth century, with the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> becoming more important as a destination. The financial service industry began to grow in the state as well, with <a href="/wiki/Citibank" title="Citibank">Citibank</a> moving its credit card operations from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> to <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a> in 1981, a move that has been followed by several other financial companies. South Dakota was the first state to eliminate <a href="/wiki/Usury#Usury_statutes_in_the_United_States" title="Usury">caps on interest rates</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Citibank-48">[47]</a> In 2007, the site of the recently closed <a href="/wiki/Homestake_Mine_(South_Dakota)" title="Homestake Mine (South Dakota)">Homestake gold mine</a> near <a href="/wiki/Lead,_South_Dakota" title="Lead, South Dakota">Lead</a> was chosen as the location of a new underground research facility, the <a href="/wiki/Deep_Underground_Science_and_Engineering_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory">Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> Despite a growing state population and recent economic development, many rural areas have been struggling over the past 50 years with locally declining populations and the emigration of educated young adults to larger South Dakota cities, such as <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota" title="Rapid City, South Dakota">Rapid City</a> or Sioux Falls, or to other states.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> Mechanization and consolidation of agriculture has contributed greatly to the declining number of smaller family farms and the resulting economic and demographic challenges facing rural towns.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> However, the state often ranks highly for its way of life, and Gallup's well-being index in 2018 named South Dakota the happiest, healthiest state in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Dakota" title="Geography of South Dakota">Geography of South Dakota</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_South_Dakota" title="Geology of South Dakota">Geology of South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Dakota_general_map_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/South_Dakota_general_map_2.png/250px-South_Dakota_general_map_2.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="170" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2254" data-file-height="1531"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 170px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/South_Dakota_general_map_2.png/250px-South_Dakota_general_map_2.png" data-width="250" data-height="170" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/South_Dakota_general_map_2.png/375px-South_Dakota_general_map_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/South_Dakota_general_map_2.png/500px-South_Dakota_general_map_2.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Terrain and primary geographic features of South Dakota</figcaption></figure> South Dakota is in the north-central United States, and is considered a part of the <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a> by the U.S. Census Bureau;<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> it is also part of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> region. The culture, economy, and geography of western South Dakota have more in common with the <a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">West</a> than the Midwest.<a href="#cite_note-eastwestriver-13">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesEastWest-54">[53]</a> South Dakota has a total area of 77,116 square miles (199,730 km2), making the state the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by area">17th largest</a> in the Union.<a href="#cite_note-SDArea-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Black_Elk_Peak" title="Black Elk Peak">Black Elk Peak</a>, formerly named Harney Peak, with an elevation of 7,242 ft (2,207 m), is the state's highest point, while the shoreline of <a href="/wiki/Big_Stone_Lake" title="Big Stone Lake">Big Stone Lake</a> is the lowest, with an elevation of 966 ft (294 m).<a href="#cite_note-usgs-3">[3]</a> South Dakota is bordered to the north by <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>; to the south by <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>; to the east by <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>; and to the west by <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>. The geographical center of the U.S. is 17 miles (27 km) west of Castle Rock in <a href="/wiki/Butte_County,_South_Dakota" title="Butte County, South Dakota">Butte County</a>.<a href="#cite_note-usgs-3">[3]</a> The North American continental <a href="/wiki/Pole_of_inaccessibility" title="Pole of inaccessibility">pole of inaccessibility</a> is between <a href="/wiki/Allen,_South_Dakota" title="Allen, South Dakota">Allen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kyle,_South_Dakota" title="Kyle, South Dakota">Kyle</a>, 1,024 mi (1,648 km) from the nearest coastline.<a href="#cite_note-PIA-55">[54]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a> is the largest and longest river in the state. Other major South Dakota rivers include the <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_River" title="Cheyenne River">Cheyenne</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_River_(Dakotas)" title="James River (Dakotas)">James</a>, <a href="/wiki/Big_Sioux_River" title="Big Sioux River">Big Sioux</a>, and <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Missouri_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="White River (Missouri River)">White</a> Rivers. Eastern South Dakota has many natural lakes, mostly created by periods of glaciation.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson1718-56">[55]</a> Additionally, dams on the Missouri River create four large reservoirs: <a href="/wiki/Oahe_Dam" title="Oahe Dam">Lake Oahe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Sharpe" title="Lake Sharpe">Lake Sharpe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Francis_Case" title="Lake Francis Case">Lake Francis Case</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Lake" title="Lewis and Clark Lake">Lewis and Clark Lake</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regions_and_geology">Regions and geology</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Regions and geology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> South Dakota can generally be divided into three regions: eastern South Dakota, western South Dakota, and the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> The Missouri River serves as a boundary in terms of geographic, social, and political differences between eastern and western South Dakota. The geography of the Black Hills, long considered sacred by Native Americans, differs from its surroundings to such an extent it can be considered separate from the rest of western South Dakota. At times the Black Hills are combined with the rest of western South Dakota, and people often refer to the resulting two regions divided by the Missouri River as <a href="/wiki/West_River_(South_Dakota)" title="West River (South Dakota)">West River</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_River_(South_Dakota)" title="East River (South Dakota)">East River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-eastwestriver-13">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesEastWest-54">[53]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Badlands_panorama1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Badlands_panorama1.jpg/250px-Badlands_panorama1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="116" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2580" data-file-height="1200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 116px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Badlands_panorama1.jpg/250px-Badlands_panorama1.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="116" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Badlands_panorama1.jpg/375px-Badlands_panorama1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Badlands_panorama1.jpg/500px-Badlands_panorama1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Badlands_National_Park" title="Badlands National Park">Badlands National Park</a></figcaption></figure> Eastern South Dakota generally features higher precipitation and lower topography than the western part of the state. Smaller geographic regions of this area include the <a href="/wiki/Coteau_des_Prairies" title="Coteau des Prairies">Coteau des Prairies</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dissected_Till_Plains" title="Dissected Till Plains">Dissected Till Plains</a>, and the James River Valley. The Coteau des Prairies is a plateau bordered on the east by the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_River" title="Minnesota River">Minnesota River</a> Valley and on the west by the James River Basin.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson1718-56">[55]</a> Further west, the James River Basin is mostly low, flat, highly eroded land, following the flow of the <a href="/wiki/James_River_(Dakotas)" title="James River (Dakotas)">James River</a> through South Dakota from north to south.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> The Dissected Till Plains, an area of rolling hills and fertile soil that covers much of Iowa and Nebraska, extends into the southeastern corner of South Dakota. Layers deposited during the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> epoch, starting around two million years ago, cover most of eastern South Dakota.<a href="#cite_note-NSUgeology-60">[59]</a> These are the youngest rock and sediment layers in the state, the product of several successive periods of <a href="/wiki/Glacier" title="Glacier">glaciation</a> which deposited a large amount of rocks and soil, known as <a href="/wiki/Till" title="Till">till</a>, over the area.<a href="#cite_note-pleistocene-61">[60]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> cover most of the western two-thirds of South Dakota. West of the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a> the landscape becomes more arid and rugged, consisting of rolling hills, plains, ravines, and steep flat-topped hills called <a href="/wiki/Butte" title="Butte">buttes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> In the south, east of the Black Hills, lie the South Dakota <a href="/wiki/Badlands_National_Park" title="Badlands National Park">Badlands</a>. Erosion from the Black Hills, marine skeletons which fell to the bottom of a large shallow sea that once covered the area, and volcanic material all contribute to the geology of this area.<a href="#cite_note-NSUgeology-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-mesozoic-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-tertiary-64">[63]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Harney_Peak_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Harney_Peak_4.jpg/250px-Harney_Peak_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3360" data-file-height="2520"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 188px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Harney_Peak_4.jpg/250px-Harney_Peak_4.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="188" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Harney_Peak_4.jpg/375px-Harney_Peak_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Harney_Peak_4.jpg/500px-Harney_Peak_4.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a>, a low mountain range, is located in Southwestern South Dakota.</figcaption></figure> The Black Hills are in the southwestern part of South Dakota and extend into <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>. This range of low mountains covers 6,000 sq mi (16,000 km2), with peaks that rise from 2,000 to 4,000 feet (600 to 1,200 m) above their bases. The Black Hills are the location of <a href="/wiki/Black_Elk_Peak" title="Black Elk Peak">Black Elk Peak</a> (7,242 ft or 2,207 m above sea level), the highest point in South Dakota and also the highest point in the United States east of the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a>.<a href="#cite_note-usgs-3">[3]</a> Two-billion-year-old <a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">Precambrian</a> formations, the oldest rocks in the state, form the central core of the Black Hills.<a href="#cite_note-NSUgeology-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-Precambrian-65">[64]</a> Formations from the <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleozoic Era">Paleozoic Era</a> form the outer ring of the Black Hills;<a href="#cite_note-paleozoic-66">[65]</a> these were created between roughly 540 and 250 million years ago. This area features rocks such as <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, which were deposited here when the area formed the shoreline of an ancient inland sea.<a href="#cite_note-paleozoic-66">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecology">Ecology</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ecology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thunder_butte_SD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Thunder_butte_SD.jpg/250px-Thunder_butte_SD.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="207" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1624" data-file-height="1346"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 207px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Thunder_butte_SD.jpg/250px-Thunder_butte_SD.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="207" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Thunder_butte_SD.jpg/375px-Thunder_butte_SD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Thunder_butte_SD.jpg/500px-Thunder_butte_SD.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Much of western South Dakota features <a href="/wiki/Butte" title="Butte">buttes</a>.</figcaption></figure> Much of South Dakota (except for the Black Hills area) is dominated by a temperate <a href="/wiki/Grassland" title="Grassland">grassland</a> biome.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> Although grasses and crops cover most of this region, <a href="/wiki/Deciduous" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> trees such as <a href="/wiki/Populus_sect._Aegiros" class="mw-redirect" title="Populus sect. Aegiros">cottonwoods</a>, elms, and <a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">willows</a> are common near rivers and in <a href="/wiki/Shelter_belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelter belt">shelter belts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mammals" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammals">Mammals</a> in this area include <a href="/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">bison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pronghorn" title="Pronghorn">pronghorn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coyotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Coyotes">coyotes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prairie_dog" title="Prairie dog">prairie dogs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SDFauna-69">[68]</a> The state bird, the <a href="/wiki/Common_pheasant" title="Common pheasant">ring-necked pheasant</a>, has adapted well to the area after being introduced from <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> Growing populations of <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagles</a> are spread throughout the state, especially near the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> Rivers and lakes of the grasslands support populations of <a href="/wiki/Walleye" title="Walleye">walleye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">carp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pike_(fish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pike (fish)">pike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bass_(fish)" title="Bass (fish)">bass</a>, and other species.<a href="#cite_note-SDFauna-69">[68]</a> The Missouri River also contains the pre-historic <a href="/wiki/American_paddlefish" title="American paddlefish">paddlefish</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> Due to a higher elevation and level of precipitation, the Black Hills ecology differs significantly from that of the plains.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> The mountains are thickly blanketed by various types of <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pines</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Ponderosa_pine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ponderosa pine">ponderosa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pinus_contorta" title="Pinus contorta">lodgepole pines</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Spruces" class="mw-redirect" title="Spruces">spruces</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson31-74">[73]</a> Black Hills mammals include <a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elk" title="Elk">elk (wapiti)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bighorn_sheep" title="Bighorn sheep">bighorn sheep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mountain_goat" title="Mountain goat">mountain goats</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_marten" title="American marten">pine marten</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mountain_lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain lion">mountain lions</a>, while the streams and lakes contain several species of <a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">trout</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson31-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_South_Dakota" title="Climate change in South Dakota">Climate change in South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/250px-South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="227" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1305"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 227px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/250px-South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png" data-width="250" data-height="227" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/375px-South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/500px-South_Dakota_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Köppen climate types in South Dakota</figcaption></figure> South Dakota has a <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a> with four distinct seasons, ranging from cold, dry winters to warm and semi-humid summers. During the summers, the state's average high temperature is often close to 90 °F (32 °C), although it cools to near 60 °F (16 °C) at night. It is not unusual for South Dakota to have severe hot, dry spells in the summer with the temperature climbing above 100 °F (38 °C) several times a year.<a href="#cite_note-SDclimate-77">[76]</a> Winters are cold with January high temperatures averaging below freezing and low temperatures averaging below 10 °F (−12 °C) in most of the state. The highest recorded temperature is 120 °F (49 °C) at <a href="/wiki/Usta,_South_Dakota" title="Usta, South Dakota">Usta</a> on July 15, 2006<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> and the lowest recorded temperature is −58 °F (−50 °C) at <a href="/wiki/McIntosh,_South_Dakota" title="McIntosh, South Dakota">McIntosh</a> on February 17, 1936.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> Average annual <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> in South Dakota ranges from <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid</a> conditions in the northwestern part of the state (around 15 inches or 380 mm) to semi-humid around the southeast portion of the state (around 25 inches or 640 mm),<a href="#cite_note-SDclimate-77">[76]</a> although a small area centered on <a href="/wiki/Lead,_South_Dakota" title="Lead, South Dakota">Lead</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> has the highest precipitation at nearly 30 inches (760 mm) per year.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> South Dakota summers bring frequent, sometimes severe, thunderstorms with high winds, thunder, and hail. The state's eastern part is often considered part of <a href="/wiki/Tornado_Alley" title="Tornado Alley">Tornado Alley</a>,<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> and South Dakota experiences an average of 30 tornadoes each year.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> Severe <a href="/wiki/Blizzard" title="Blizzard">blizzards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ice_storm" title="Ice storm">ice storms</a> often occur during winter. <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable sortable nowrap" style="text-align: center;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Mean" title="Mean">Average</a> daily high and low temperatures in °F (°C) for locations in South Dakota, colored and sortable by average monthly temperature </caption> <tbody><tr> <th data-sort-type="text" scope="col">Place </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>Jan </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Feb </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Mar </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Apr </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col">May </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Jun </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Jul </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Aug </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Sep </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Oct </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Nov </th> <th data-sort-type="number" scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">Dec </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen,_South_Dakota" title="Aberdeen, South Dakota">Aberdeen</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="14" title="average temperature: 14" style="background: #A8A8FF; font-size: 85%;">24 / 6 (−4 / −14) </td> <td data-sort-value="17" title="average temperature: 17" style="background: #B2B2FF; font-size: 85%;">29 / 11 (−2 / −12) </td> <td data-sort-value="30" title="average temperature: 30" style="background: #DDDDFF; font-size: 85%;">42 / 23 (6 / −5) </td> <td data-sort-value="45" title="average temperature: 45" style="background: #FFE4D9; font-size: 85%;">59 / 35 (15 / 2) </td> <td data-sort-value="58" title="average temperature: 58" style="background: #FF9C76; font-size: 85%;">70 / 47 (21 / 8) </td> <td data-sort-value="67" title="average temperature: 67" style="background: #FF6A31; font-size: 85%;">79 / 57 (26 / 14) </td> <td data-sort-value="72" title="average temperature: 72" style="background: #FF4E0B; font-size: 85%;">84 / 61 (29 / 16) </td> <td data-sort-value="70" title="average temperature: 70" style="background: #FF591A; font-size: 85%;">82 / 58 (28 / 14) </td> <td data-sort-value="60" title="average temperature: 60" style="background: #FF9066; font-size: 85%;">73 / 49 (23 / 9) </td> <td data-sort-value="46" title="average temperature: 46" style="background: #FFDED1; font-size: 85%;">58 / 36 (14 / 2) </td> <td data-sort-value="31" title="average temperature: 31" style="background: #E0E0FF; font-size: 85%;">41 / 22 (5 / −6) </td> <td data-sort-value="17" title="average temperature: 17" style="background: #B2B2FF; font-size: 85%;">27 / 10 (−3 / −12) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Huron,_South_Dakota" title="Huron, South Dakota">Huron</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="17" title="average temperature: 17" style="background: #B2B2FF; font-size: 85%;">27 / 9 (−3 / −13) </td> <td data-sort-value="21" title="average temperature: 21" style="background: #BFBFFF; font-size: 85%;">32 / 14 (0 / −10) </td> <td data-sort-value="33" title="average temperature: 33" style="background: #E7E7FF; font-size: 85%;">45 / 25 (7 / −4) </td> <td data-sort-value="47" title="average temperature: 47" style="background: #FFD9CA; font-size: 85%;">60 / 37 (16 / 3) </td> <td data-sort-value="59" title="average temperature: 59" style="background: #FF966E; font-size: 85%;">71 / 48 (22 / 9) </td> <td data-sort-value="68" title="average temperature: 68" style="background: #FF6429; font-size: 85%;">80 / 58 (27 / 14) </td> <td data-sort-value="74" title="average temperature: 74" style="background: #FF4300; font-size: 85%;">86 / 63 (30 / 17) </td> <td data-sort-value="72" title="average temperature: 72" style="background: #FF4E0B; font-size: 85%;">83 / 61 (28 / 16) </td> <td data-sort-value="62" title="average temperature: 62" style="background: #FF8556; font-size: 85%;">75 / 51 (24 / 11) </td> <td data-sort-value="48" title="average temperature: 48" style="background: #FFD3C2; font-size: 85%;">60 / 51 (16 / 11) </td> <td data-sort-value="33" title="average temperature: 33" style="background: #E7E7FF; font-size: 85%;">43 / 25 (6 / −4) </td> <td data-sort-value="20" title="average temperature: 20" style="background: #BBBBFF; font-size: 85%;">30 / 13 (−1 / −11) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota" title="Rapid City, South Dakota">Rapid City</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="26" title="average temperature: 26" style="background: #D0D0FF; font-size: 85%;">37 / 18 (3 / −8) </td> <td data-sort-value="28" title="average temperature: 28" style="background: #D6D6FF; font-size: 85%;">40 / 20 (4 / −7) </td> <td data-sort-value="36" title="average temperature: 36" style="background: #F1F1FF; font-size: 85%;">49 / 27 (9 / −3) </td> <td data-sort-value="45" title="average temperature: 45" style="background: #FFE4D9; font-size: 85%;">59 / 36 (15 / 2) </td> <td data-sort-value="55" title="average temperature: 55" style="background: #FFAC8C; font-size: 85%;">68 / 46 (20 / 8) </td> <td data-sort-value="65" title="average temperature: 65" style="background: #FF7540; font-size: 85%;">78 / 55 (26 / 13) </td> <td data-sort-value="73" title="average temperature: 73" style="background: #FF4802; font-size: 85%;">86 / 61 (30 / 16) </td> <td data-sort-value="72" title="average temperature: 72" style="background: #FF4E0B; font-size: 85%;">85 / 60 (29 / 16) </td> <td data-sort-value="62" title="average temperature: 62" style="background: #FF8556; font-size: 85%;">75 / 50 (24 / 10) </td> <td data-sort-value="48" title="average temperature: 48" style="background: #FFD3C2; font-size: 85%;">61 / 39 (16 / 4) </td> <td data-sort-value="36" title="average temperature: 36" style="background: #F1F1FF; font-size: 85%;">47 / 28 (8 / −2) </td> <td data-sort-value="26" title="average temperature: 26" style="background: #D0D0FF; font-size: 85%;">37 / 19 (3 / −7) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="18" title="average temperature: 18" style="background: #B5B5FF; font-size: 85%;">27 / 10 (−3 / −12) </td> <td data-sort-value="22" title="average temperature: 22" style="background: #C2C2FF; font-size: 85%;">32 / 15 (0 / −9) </td> <td data-sort-value="34" title="average temperature: 34" style="background: #EAEAFF; font-size: 85%;">45 / 26 (7 / −3) </td> <td data-sort-value="47" title="average temperature: 47" style="background: #FFD9CA; font-size: 85%;">60 / 38 (16 / 3) </td> <td data-sort-value="59" title="average temperature: 59" style="background: #FF966E; font-size: 85%;">71 / 49 (22 / 9) </td> <td data-sort-value="69" title="average temperature: 69" style="background: #FF5E21; font-size: 85%;">80 / 59 (27 / 15) </td> <td data-sort-value="74" title="average temperature: 74" style="background: #FF4300; font-size: 85%;">84 / 64 (29 / 18) </td> <td data-sort-value="71" title="average temperature: 71" style="background: #FF5311; font-size: 85%;">81 / 61 (27 / 16) </td> <td data-sort-value="62" title="average temperature: 62" style="background: #FF8556; font-size: 85%;">74 / 52 (23 / 11) </td> <td data-sort-value="49" title="average temperature: 49" style="background: #FFCEBB; font-size: 85%;">60 / 39 (16 / 4) </td> <td data-sort-value="34" title="average temperature: 34" style="background: #EAEAFF; font-size: 85%;">43 / 26 (6 / −3) </td> <td data-sort-value="21" title="average temperature: 21" style="background: #BFBFFF; font-size: 85%;">30 / 14 (−1 / −10) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_parks_and_monuments">National parks and monuments</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: National parks and monuments" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20100324-F-LSC-140_(33845911384).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg/250px-20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5120" data-file-height="3407"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 166px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg/250px-20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="166" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg/375px-20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg/500px-20100324-F-LSC-140_%2833845911384%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a> in the Black Hills</figcaption></figure> South Dakota has several sites administered by the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. Two <a href="/wiki/National_parks" class="mw-redirect" title="National parks">national parks</a> have been established in the state, both in its southwestern region. <a href="/wiki/Wind_Cave_National_Park" title="Wind Cave National Park">Wind Cave National Park</a>, established in 1903 in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a>, has an extensive cave network and is home to a large herd of <a href="/wiki/American_Bison" class="mw-redirect" title="American Bison">bison</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> <a href="/wiki/Badlands_National_Park" title="Badlands National Park">Badlands National Park</a> was established in 1978,<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> and features an eroded, brightly colored landscape surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-arid">semi-arid</a> grasslands.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore_National_Memorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Rushmore National Memorial">Mount Rushmore National Memorial</a> in the Black Hills was established in 1925. The sculpture of four U.S. Presidents was carved into the mountainside by sculptor <a href="/wiki/Gutzon_Borglum" title="Gutzon Borglum">Gutzon Borglum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> Other areas managed by the National Park Service include <a href="/wiki/Jewel_Cave_National_Monument" title="Jewel Cave National Monument">Jewel Cave National Monument</a> near <a href="/wiki/Custer,_South_Dakota" title="Custer, South Dakota">Custer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_National_Historic_Trail" title="Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail">Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Minuteman_Missile_National_Historic_Site" title="Minuteman Missile National Historic Site">Minuteman Missile National Historic Site</a>, which features a decommissioned <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_missile_silo" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear missile silo">nuclear missile silo</a> and a separate missile control area several miles away, and the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_National_Recreational_River" title="Missouri National Recreational River">Missouri National Recreational River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Crazy_Horse_Memorial" title="Crazy Horse Memorial">Crazy Horse Memorial</a> is a large mountainside sculpture near Mount Rushmore being built using private funds.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Mammoth_Site" title="The Mammoth Site">The Mammoth Site</a> near <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_South_Dakota" title="Hot Springs, South Dakota">Hot Springs</a> is another privately owned attraction in the Black Hills. It is a working paleontological dig and has one of the world's largest concentrations of mammoth remains.<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demographics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Dakota" title="Demographics of South Dakota">Demographics of South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Dakota_population_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/South_Dakota_population_map.png/350px-South_Dakota_population_map.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 350px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/South_Dakota_population_map.png/350px-South_Dakota_population_map.png" data-width="350" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/South_Dakota_population_map.png/525px-South_Dakota_population_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/South_Dakota_population_map.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>South Dakota population density map</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>4,837</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>11,776</td><td></td><td>143.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>98,268</td><td></td><td>734.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>348,600</td><td></td><td>254.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>401,570</td><td></td><td>15.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>583,888</td><td></td><td>45.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>636,547</td><td></td><td>9.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>692,849</td><td></td><td>8.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>642,961</td><td></td><td>−7.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>652,740</td><td></td><td>1.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>680,514</td><td></td><td>4.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>665,507</td><td></td><td>−2.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>690,768</td><td></td><td>3.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>696,004</td><td></td><td>0.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>754,844</td><td></td><td>8.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>814,180</td><td></td><td>7.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>886,667</td><td></td><td>8.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2023 (est.)</th><td class="us-census-pop-estimate">919,318</td><td><a href="#cite_note-USCensusEst2023-94">[93]</a></td><td>3.7%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">Source: 1910–2020<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Population" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> At the 2022 estimate South Dakota's population was 909,824 on July 1, 2022, a 2.61% increase since the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 United States census</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PopEstUS-96">[95]</a> In 2020, 6.5% of South Dakota's population was reported as under 5, 24.5% under 18, and 17.7% were 65 or older. Females made up approximately 49.7% of the population.<a href="#cite_note-2020DP1-97">[96]</a> As of the 2020 census, South Dakota ranked fifth-lowest in the nation in population and population density, only <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> have fewer residents. Of the people residing in South Dakota, 65.7% were born in South Dakota, 31.4% were born in another U.S. state, 0.6% were born in Puerto Rico, U.S. Island areas, or born abroad to American parent(s), and 2.3% were born in another country.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> The top countries of origin for South Dakota's immigrants and refugees in 2018 were <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Center_of_population" title="Center of population">center of population</a> of South Dakota is in <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_County,_South_Dakota" title="Buffalo County, South Dakota">Buffalo County</a>, in the unincorporated county seat of <a href="/wiki/Gann_Valley,_South_Dakota" title="Gann Valley, South Dakota">Gann Valley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">HUD</a>'s 2022 <a href="/wiki/Annual_Homeless_Assessment_Report_to_Congress" title="Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress">Annual Homeless Assessment Report</a>, there were an estimated 1,389 <a href="/wiki/Homeless" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless">homeless</a> people in South Dakota.<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> In 2022, South Dakota had the lowest drug overdose death rate of any US state, at 11.3 per 100,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race_or_Hispanic_Origin_(U.S._Census)">Race or Hispanic Origin (U.S. Census)</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Race or Hispanic Origin (U.S. Census)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> According to the 2022 census estimate, the racial composition of the population was: <ul><li>84.2% White alone, percent</li> <li>2.6% Black or African American alone, percent</li> <li>8.5% American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent</li> <li>1.8% Asian alone, percent</li> <li>0.1% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent</li> <li>2.8% Two or More Races, percent</li> <li>4.9% Hispanic or Latino, percent</li> <li>80.7% White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent</li></ul> Source:<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> Ethnically, 4.9% of South Dakota's population was of <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a>, Latino, or Spanish origin (they may be of any race). Ethnicity for the remainder of the population is not similarly accounted by the federal government.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption>South Dakota racial breakdown of population </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Racial composition</th> <th>1990<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a></th> <th>2000<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a></th> <th>2010<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a></th> <th>2020<a href="#cite_note-2020DP1-97">[96]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</a></td> <td>91.6%</td> <td>88.7%</td> <td>85.7%</td> <td>80.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native</a></td> <td>7.3%</td> <td>8.2%</td> <td>8.8%</td> <td>8.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a></td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>1.3%</td> <td>2.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</a></td> <td>0.4%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>0.9%</td> <td>1.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian">Native Hawaiian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander" title="Pacific Islander">other Pacific Islander</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Other race</a></td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>0.9%</td> <td>1.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial American">Two or more races</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>1.4%</td> <td>2.1%</td> <td>5.3% </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg/220px-South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="506"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 137px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg/220px-South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="137" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg/330px-South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg/440px-South_dakota_counties_by_race.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Map of counties in South Dakota by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census<div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Legend</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> Non-Hispanic White <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"> 50–60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 60–70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 70–80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 80–90%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 90%+</div> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> Native American <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 60–70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 70–80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 80–90%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> 90%+</div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </li></ul> </div></figcaption></figure> According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 25.4% of South Dakota's population younger than age 1 were 'minorities' as of 2011, meaning they had at least one parent who was not non-Hispanic white.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity_and_Place_of_Origin">Ethnicity and Place of Origin</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Ethnicity and Place of Origin" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> As of 2000, the five largest ancestry groups in South Dakota are <a href="/wiki/German-American" class="mw-redirect" title="German-American">German</a> (40.7%), <a href="/wiki/Norwegian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian-American">Norwegian</a> (15.3%), <a href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish</a> (10.4%), <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a> (8.3%), and <a href="/wiki/English-American" class="mw-redirect" title="English-American">English</a> (7.1%).<a href="#cite_note-CensusSocialStats-111">[110]</a> German Americans are the largest ancestry group in most parts of the state, especially in East River (east of the Missouri River), although there are also large Scandinavian-descended populations in some counties. South Dakota has the nation's largest population of <a href="/wiki/Hutterites" title="Hutterites">Hutterites</a>,<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> a communal <a href="/wiki/Anabaptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptist">Anabaptist</a> group which emigrated in 1874 from German-speaking villages in what today is <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> but at that time was part of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif/300px-National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="229" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="764" data-file-height="584"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 229px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif/300px-National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif" data-width="300" data-height="229" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif/450px-National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif/600px-National-atlas-indian-reservations-south-dakota.gif 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a> in South Dakota</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">American Indians</a>, largely <a href="/wiki/Lakota_people" title="Lakota people">Lakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sioux#Linguistics" title="Sioux">Dakota</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nakota" title="Nakota">Nakota</a> (Sioux), are predominant in several counties and constitute 20 percent of the population in <a href="/wiki/West_River_(South_Dakota)" title="West River (South Dakota)">West River</a>. The seven large Indian reservations in the state occupy an area much diminished from their former <a href="/wiki/Great_Sioux_Reservation" title="Great Sioux Reservation">Great Sioux Reservation</a> of West River, which the federal government had once allocated to the Sioux tribes. South Dakota has the third-highest proportion of Native Americans of any state, behind Alaska and <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> Five of the state's counties are wholly within the boundaries of sovereign <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> Because of the limitations of climate and land, and isolation from urban areas with more employment opportunities, living standards on many South Dakota reservations are often far below the national average; <a href="/wiki/Ziebach_County,_South_Dakota" title="Ziebach County, South Dakota">Ziebach County</a> ranked as the poorest county in the nation in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> The unemployment rate in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Thompson,_South_Dakota" title="Fort Thompson, South Dakota">Fort Thompson</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/Crow_Creek_Reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Crow Creek Reservation">Crow Creek Reservation</a>, is 70%, and 21% of households lack plumbing or basic kitchen appliances.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> A 1995 study by the U.S. Census Bureau found 58% of homes on the <a href="/wiki/Pine_Ridge_Indian_Reservation" title="Pine Ridge Indian Reservation">Pine Ridge Indian Reservation</a> did not have a telephone.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> The reservations' isolation also inhibits their ability to generate revenue from gaming casinos, an avenue that has proved profitable for many tribes closer to urban centers. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Languages" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 1995 the legislature passed a law to make English the "common language" of the state.<a href="#cite_note-EnglishCommon-118">[117]</a> Since 2019, "the language of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Sioux_Nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Sioux Nation">Great Sioux Nation</a>, comprised of three dialects, <a href="/wiki/Sioux_language" title="Sioux language">Dakota, Lakota, and Nakota</a>" is the official indigenous language.<a href="#cite_note-sdlegislature-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-eu.argusleader.com-6">[5]</a> As of the 2000 census, 1.90% of the population age 5 or older speak German at home, while 1.51% speak <a href="/wiki/Lakota_language" title="Lakota language">Lakota</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dakota_language" title="Dakota language">Dakota</a>, and 1.43% Spanish.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> As of 2010, 93.46% (692,504) of South Dakota residents age 5 and older spoke <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> as their <a href="/wiki/Primary_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary language">primary language</a>. 6.54% of the population spoke a language other than English. 2.06% (15,292) of the population spoke Spanish, 1.39% (10,282) spoke <a href="/wiki/Sioux_language" title="Sioux language">Dakota</a>, and 1.37% (10,140) spoke German. Other languages spoken included <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a> (0.16%), <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> (0.12%), and <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> (0.10%).<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Growth_and_rural_flight">Growth and rural flight</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Growth and rural flight" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Over the last several decades, the population in many rural areas has declined in South Dakota, in common with other Great Plains states. The change has been characterized as "<a href="/wiki/Rural_flight" title="Rural flight">rural flight</a>" as family farming has declined. Young people have moved to cities for other employment. This trend has continued in recent years, with 30 of South Dakota's counties losing population between the 1990 and the 2000 census.<a href="#cite_note-ODriscoll-121">[120]</a> During that time, nine counties had a population loss of greater than 10%, with <a href="/wiki/Harding_County,_South_Dakota" title="Harding County, South Dakota">Harding County</a>, in the northwest corner of the state, losing nearly 19% of its population.<a href="#cite_note-ODriscoll-121">[120]</a> Low birth rates and a lack of younger <a href="/wiki/Immigration" title="Immigration">immigration</a> has caused the median age of many of these counties to increase. In 24 counties, at least 20% of the population is over the age of 65,<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> compared with a national rate of 12.8%. The effect of rural flight has not been spread evenly through South Dakota, however. Although most rural counties and small towns have lost population, the Sioux Falls area, the larger counties along <a href="/wiki/Interstate_29_in_South_Dakota" title="Interstate 29 in South Dakota">Interstate 29</a>, the Black Hills, and many <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservations" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian reservations">Indian reservations</a> have all gained population.<a href="#cite_note-ODriscoll-121">[120]</a> As the reservations have exercised more sovereignty, some Sioux have returned to them from urban areas.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_South_Dakota" title="Lincoln County, South Dakota">Lincoln County</a> near Sioux Falls was the seventh fastest-growing county (by percentage) in the United States in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> The growth in these areas has compensated for losses in the rest of the state.<a href="#cite_note-ODriscoll-121">[120]</a> South Dakota's total population continues to increase steadily, albeit at a slower rate than the national average. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Religion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Black; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1589.4544843865px; border-left-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 389.47428549299px; border-left-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 212.51081731572px; border-left-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:White"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:98.228725072869px 18.738131458572px 0 0; border-top-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Religious self-identification, per <a href="/wiki/Public_Religion_Research_Institute" title="Public Religion Research Institute">Public Religion Research Institute</a>'s 2022 American Values Survey<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_United_States" title="Christianity in the United States">Christianity</a> (72%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> <a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_the_United_States" title="Irreligion in the United States">Unaffiliated</a> (21%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_the_United_States" title="Buddhism in the United States">Buddhism</a> (3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> (3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> Other (1%)</div> </div> </div></div>According to the <a href="/wiki/Public_Religion_Research_Institute" title="Public Religion Research Institute">Public Religion Research Institute</a> in 2020, 73% of the adult population were Christian.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> Per the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>'s separate 2014 study, the largest <a href="/wiki/Religious_denomination" title="Religious denomination">religious denominations</a> in Christianity by number of adherents as a percentage of South Dakota's population in 2014 were the Catholic Church with 22 percent, evangelical Protestants with 25 percent, and mainline Protestants with 32 percent. Together, all kinds of Protestants accounted for 57 percent. Those unaffiliated with any religion represented 18 percent of the population. The breakdown of other religions was <1% Muslim, <1% Hindu and 1% Buddhist.<a href="#cite_note-pew2014-127">[126]</a> The number of <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a> people in South Dakota is under 400, the lowest total in any of the fifty states.<a href="#cite_note-tablet-128">[127]</a> The largest Christian denominations by number of adherents in 2010 were the Roman Catholic Church with 148,883 members; the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_America" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in America">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</a> (ELCA) with 112,649 members; and the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a> (UMC) with 36,020 members.<a href="#cite_note-www.thearda.com-129">[128]</a> The ELCA and UMC are specific denominations within the broader terms 'Lutheran' and 'Methodist', respectively. Through the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives" title="Association of Religion Data Archives">Association of Religion Data Archives</a> in 2020, Catholicism remained the largest Christian denomination, followed by the ELCA. Non-denominational Protestants numbered 63,992, becoming the third largest group of Christians throughout the state.<a href="#cite_note-:0-130">[129]</a> In 2022, the Public Religion Research Institute determined 72% of the state were Christian altogether, though Protestants were 48%, Catholics 22%, and Jehovah's Witnesses 2%. The religiously unaffiliated declined from 22% to 21% between 2020 and 2022. Other non-Christian faith groups with a substantial presence in the South Dakota were <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (3%), <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> (3%), and others at 1% altogether. Through the Association of Religion Data Archives 2020 study, there were 978 adherents to the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baha'i Faith</a> and 535 <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_States" title="Islam in the United States">Muslims</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-130">[129]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Economy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_locations_by_per_capita_income" class="mw-redirect" title="South Dakota locations by per capita income">South Dakota locations by per capita income</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_South_Dakota" title="List of power stations in South Dakota">List of power stations in South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B-1B_Take_Off.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/B-1B_Take_Off.jpg/250px-B-1B_Take_Off.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="179" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 179px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/B-1B_Take_Off.jpg/250px-B-1B_Take_Off.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="179" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/B-1B_Take_Off.jpg/375px-B-1B_Take_Off.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/B-1B_Take_Off.jpg/500px-B-1B_Take_Off.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/B-1B_Lancer" class="mw-redirect" title="B-1B Lancer">B-1B Lancer</a> lifts off from <a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Air_Force_Base" title="Ellsworth Air Force Base">Ellsworth Air Force Base</a>, one of South Dakota's largest employers.</figcaption></figure> The current-dollar <a href="/wiki/Gross_state_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross state product">gross state product</a> of South Dakota was $39.8 billion as of 2010, the fifth-smallest total state output in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Per capita personal income in the United States">per capita personal income</a> was $38,865 in 2010, ranked 25th in the U.S.,<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> and 12.5% of the population was below the poverty line in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> CNBC's list of "Top States for Business for 2010" has recognized South Dakota as the seventh-best state in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> In July 2011, the state's unemployment rate was 4.7%.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Service_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Service industry">service industry</a> is the largest economic contributor in South Dakota. This sector includes the retail, finance, and healthcare industries. <a href="/wiki/Citibank" title="Citibank">Citibank</a>, which was at one time the largest bank holding company in the United States, established national banking operations in South Dakota in 1981 to take advantage of favorable banking regulations.<a href="#cite_note-Citibank-48">[47]</a> Today the <a href="/wiki/Trust_fund" class="mw-redirect" title="Trust fund">trust fund</a> industry manages hundreds of billions of dollars and is known as <a href="/wiki/Tax_haven" title="Tax haven">tax haven</a> for foreigners.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> <a href="/wiki/Government_spending" title="Government spending">Government spending</a> is another important segment of the state's economy, providing over ten percent of the gross state product. <a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Air_Force_Base" title="Ellsworth Air Force Base">Ellsworth Air Force Base</a>, near Rapid City, is the second-largest single employer in the state.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SDethnl1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/SDethnl1.jpg/250px-SDethnl1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 188px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/SDethnl1.jpg/250px-SDethnl1.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="188" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/SDethnl1.jpg/375px-SDethnl1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/SDethnl1.jpg/500px-SDethnl1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">Ethanol</a> plant in <a href="/wiki/Turner_County,_South_Dakota" title="Turner County, South Dakota">Turner County</a></figcaption></figure> Agriculture has historically been the key component of the South Dakota economy. Although other industries have expanded rapidly in recent decades, agricultural production is still very important to the state's economy, especially in rural areas. The five most valuable agricultural products in South Dakota are cattle, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn (maize)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soybeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Soybeans">soybeans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pig" title="Pig">hogs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> Agriculture-related industries such as <a href="/wiki/Meat_packing" class="mw-redirect" title="Meat packing">meat packing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a> production also have a considerable economic impact on the state. South Dakota is the sixth leading ethanol-producing state in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> Another important sector in South Dakota's economy is tourism. Many travel to view the attractions of the state, particularly those in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> region, such as historic <a href="/wiki/Deadwood,_South_Dakota" title="Deadwood, South Dakota">Deadwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a>, and the nearby state and national parks. One of the largest tourist events in the state is the annual <a href="/wiki/Sturgis_Motorcycle_Rally" title="Sturgis Motorcycle Rally">Sturgis Motorcycle Rally</a>. The five-day event drew over 739,000 attendees in 2015; significant considering the state has a total population of 850,000.<a href="#cite_note-Sturgisrally-140">[139]</a> In 2006, tourism provided an estimated 33,000 jobs in the state and contributed over two billion dollars to the economy of South Dakota.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Transportation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_South_Dakota" title="Transportation in South Dakota">Transportation in South Dakota</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Dakota_railroads" title="List of South Dakota railroads">List of South Dakota railroads</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Dakota_numbered_highways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of South Dakota numbered highways">List of South Dakota numbered highways</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg/250px-Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="197" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4799" data-file-height="3789"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 197px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg/250px-Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="197" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg/375px-Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg/500px-Beaver_Creek_Bridge_in_Wind_Cave_National_Park.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Beaver Creek Bridge in <a href="/wiki/Wind_Cave_National_Park" title="Wind Cave National Park">Wind Cave National Park</a></figcaption></figure> South Dakota has 83,609 miles (134,556 km) of highways, roads, and streets, along with 679 miles (1,093 km) of <a href="/wiki/Interstate_highways" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate highways">interstate highways</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> Two major interstates pass through South Dakota: <a href="/wiki/Interstate_90_in_South_Dakota" title="Interstate 90 in South Dakota">Interstate 90</a>, which runs east and west through the southern half of the state; and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_29_in_South_Dakota" title="Interstate 29 in South Dakota">Interstate 29</a>, running north and south in the eastern portion of the state. The I-29 corridor features generally higher rates of population and economic growth than areas in eastern South Dakota further from the interstate.<a href="#cite_note-ODriscoll-121">[120]</a> Also in the state are the shorter Interstates <a href="/wiki/Interstate_190_(South_Dakota)" title="Interstate 190 (South Dakota)">190</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Spur_route" title="Spur route">spur</a> into central Rapid City, and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_229_(South_Dakota)" title="Interstate 229 (South Dakota)">229</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Loop_route" class="mw-redirect" title="Loop route">loop</a> around southern and eastern Sioux Falls. Several major <a href="/wiki/United_States_Numbered_Highways" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Numbered Highways">U.S. highways</a> pass through the state. U.S. routes <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_12" title="U.S. Route 12">12</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_14" title="U.S. Route 14">14</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_16" title="U.S. Route 16">16</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_18" title="U.S. Route 18">18</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_212" title="U.S. Route 212">212</a> travel east and west, while U.S. routes <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_81" title="U.S. Route 81">81</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_83" title="U.S. Route 83">83</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_85" title="U.S. Route 85">85</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_281" title="U.S. Route 281">281</a> run north and south. South Dakota and <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> are the only states sharing a land border that is not traversed by a paved road. South Dakota contains two <a href="/wiki/National_Scenic_Byway" title="National Scenic Byway">National Scenic Byways</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Peter_Norbeck_Scenic_Byway" title="Peter Norbeck Scenic Byway">Peter Norbeck National Scenic Byway</a> is in the Black Hills, while the Native American Scenic Byway runs along the Missouri River in the north-central part of the state.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> Other scenic byways include the Badlands Loop Scenic Byway, the Spearfish Canyon Scenic Byway, and the Wildlife Loop Road Scenic Byway. Railroads have played an important role in South Dakota transportation since the mid-19th century. Some 4,420 miles (7,110 km) of railroad track were built in South Dakota during the late 19th century and early 20th century,<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> but only 1,839 miles (2,960 km) are active.<a href="#cite_note-Railplan-145">[144]</a> <a href="/wiki/BNSF" class="mw-redirect" title="BNSF">BNSF</a> is the largest railroad in South Dakota; the <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_Pierre_%26_Eastern_Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapid City, Pierre & Eastern Railroad">Rapid City, Pierre & Eastern Railroad</a> (formerly the <a href="/wiki/Dakota,_Minnesota_and_Eastern" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern">Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern</a>) is the state's other major carrier.<a href="#cite_note-Railplan-145">[144]</a> Other state carriers include <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Southern_Railway" title="Dakota Southern Railway">Dakota Southern Railway</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%26I_Railroad" title="D&I Railroad">D&I Railroad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ellis_%26_Eastern" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellis & Eastern">Ellis & Eastern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunflour_Railroad" title="Sunflour Railroad">Sunflour Railroad</a>, <a href="/wiki/CPKC" class="mw-redirect" title="CPKC">CPKC</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Sisseton_Milbank_Railroad" title="Sisseton Milbank Railroad">Sisseton Milbank Railroad</a>. Rail transportation in the state is mostly freight, but there are two passenger heritage railroads: the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills_Central_Railroad" title="Black Hills Central Railroad">Black Hills Central</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Prairie_Village,_Herman_and_Milwaukee_Railroad" title="Prairie Village, Herman and Milwaukee Railroad">Prairie Village, Herman, and Milwaukee</a>. However, South Dakota is one of the two <a href="/wiki/Geographic_contiguity" title="Geographic contiguity">contiguous</a> states that lack <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> service. (South Dakota is the only contiguous state that never had Amtrak—<a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> used to be served by the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Zephyr" title="San Francisco Zephyr">San Francisco Zephyr</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_(Amtrak)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pioneer (Amtrak)">Pioneer</a>.)<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> South Dakota's largest commercial airports in terms of passenger traffic are the <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_Regional_Airport" title="Sioux Falls Regional Airport">Sioux Falls Regional Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City_Regional_Airport" title="Rapid City Regional Airport">Rapid City Regional Airport</a>. <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frontier_Airlines" title="Frontier Airlines">Frontier Airlines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Allegiant_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegiant Airlines">Allegiant Airlines</a>, as well as commuter airlines using the brand affiliation with major airlines serve the two largest airports. Several other cities in the state also have commercial air service: <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Regional_Airport" title="Aberdeen Regional Airport">Aberdeen Regional Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Regional_Airport" title="Pierre Regional Airport">Pierre Regional Airport</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Watertown_Regional_Airport" title="Watertown Regional Airport">Watertown Regional Airport</a>, some of which are subsidized by the <a href="/wiki/Essential_Air_Service" title="Essential Air Service">Essential Air Service</a> program.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> Public transit played a large role in the development of cities in South Dakota. There were seven cities with a streetcar system in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, however, all of these were discontinued over time. Today, only three fixed route public transit systems exist in the state, those being in <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Area_Metro" title="Sioux Area Metro">Sioux Falls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City_Rapid_Ride" title="Rapid City Rapid Ride">Rapid City</a> and on the <a href="/wiki/YST_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="YST Transit">Yankton Reservation</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Government and politics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Dakota" title="Government of South Dakota">Government of South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SD_Capitol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/SD_Capitol.jpg/250px-SD_Capitol.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="142" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2921" data-file-height="1663"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 142px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/SD_Capitol.jpg/250px-SD_Capitol.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="142" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/SD_Capitol.jpg/375px-SD_Capitol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/SD_Capitol.jpg/500px-SD_Capitol.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_Capitol" title="South Dakota State Capitol">South Dakota State Capitol</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government">Government</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Government" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Dakota" title="Governor of South Dakota">Governor of South Dakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Legislature" title="South Dakota Legislature">South Dakota Legislature</a>, and <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Supreme_Court" title="South Dakota Supreme Court">South Dakota Supreme Court</a></div> Like other U.S. states, the structure of the government of South Dakota follows the same <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a>, with executive, <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislative</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">judicial</a> branches. The structure of the state government is laid out in the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of South Dakota">Constitution of South Dakota</a>, the highest law in the state. The constitution may be amended by a majority vote of both houses of the legislature, or by voter initiative.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Dakota" title="Governor of South Dakota">Governor of South Dakota</a> occupies the executive branch of the state government.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> The current governor is <a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Kristi Noem</a>, a Republican. The state constitution gives the governor the power to sign into law or veto bills passed by the state legislature, to serve as commander-in-chief of the <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_National_Guard" title="South Dakota National Guard">South Dakota National Guard</a>, to appoint a cabinet, and to commute criminal sentences or to pardon those convicted of crimes.<a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> The governor serves for a four-year term, and may not serve more than two consecutive terms.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> The <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Legislature" title="South Dakota Legislature">state legislature</a> is made up of two bodies, the <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="South Dakota State Senate">Senate</a>, which has 35 members, and the <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="South Dakota House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>, with 70 members. South Dakota is divided into 35 legislative districts,<a href="#cite_note-SDLegislature-153">[152]</a> with voters electing two representatives and one senator per district.<a href="#cite_note-SDLegislature-153">[152]</a> The legislature meets for an annual session which begins on the second Tuesday in January and lasts for 30 days; it also meets if a special session is called by the governor.<a href="#cite_note-SDLegislature-153">[152]</a> The judicial branch is made up of several levels. The <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Supreme_Court" title="South Dakota Supreme Court">state supreme court</a>, with four justices and a chief justice, is the highest court in the state.<a href="#cite_note-SDcourts-154">[153]</a> Below the supreme court are the circuit courts; 41 circuit judges serve in seven judicial circuits in the state.<a href="#cite_note-SDcourts-154">[153]</a> Below the circuit courts are the <a href="/wiki/Limited_jurisdiction" title="Limited jurisdiction">magistrate courts</a>, which deal with lesser criminal and civil actions.<a href="#cite_note-SDcourts-154">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_taxes">State taxes</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: State taxes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> As of 2005, South Dakota has the lowest per capita total state tax rate in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> The state does not levy personal or corporate <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income taxes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> <a href="/wiki/Inheritance_tax" title="Inheritance tax">inheritance taxes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> or taxes on <a href="/wiki/Personal_property" title="Personal property">intangible personal property</a>. The state <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> rate is 4.2 percent.<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> Various localities have local levies so in some areas the rate is six percent. The state sales tax does not apply to sales to <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indians</a> on <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a>, but many reservations have a compact with the state. Businesses on the reservation collect the tax and the state refunds to the Indian Tribes the percentage of sales tax collections relating to the ratio of Indian population to total population in the county or area affected. <a href="/wiki/Ad_valorem_tax" title="Ad valorem tax">Ad valorem</a> property taxes are local taxes and are a large source of funding for school systems, counties, municipalities and other local government units. The <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Special_Tax_Division" title="South Dakota Special Tax Division">South Dakota Special Tax Division</a> regulates some taxes including cigarette and alcohol-related taxes.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_representation">Federal representation</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Federal representation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_South_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Senators from South Dakota">List of United States Senators from South Dakota</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_South_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from South Dakota">List of United States Representatives from South Dakota</a></div> South Dakota is represented at the federal level by Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a>, Senator <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rounds" title="Mike Rounds">Mike Rounds</a>, and Representative <a href="/wiki/Dusty_Johnson" title="Dusty Johnson">Dusty Johnson</a>. All three are Republicans. South Dakota is one of seven states with only one seat in the U.S. House of Representatives.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> In <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">United States presidential elections</a>, South Dakota is allotted three of 538 votes in the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a>.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> As in all other states except <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a> and neighboring <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, South Dakota's electoral votes are granted in a winner-take-all system.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Politics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_South_Dakota" title="Political party strength in South Dakota">Political party strength in South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg/220px-South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="566"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg/220px-South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg/330px-South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg/440px-South_Dakota_Congressional_Delegation_114th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_South_Dakota" title="United States congressional delegations from South Dakota">Congressional delegation in 2015</a>: (from left) Senator <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rounds" title="Mike Rounds">Mike Rounds</a>, Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a>, and Representative <a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Kristi Noem</a>.</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Voter registration as of November 1, 2024<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Total voters </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td align="center">316,474 </td> <td align="center">50.70% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_voter" title="Independent voter">Nonpartisan/Independent</a> </td> <td align="center">157,668 </td> <td align="center">25.26% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td align="center">145,998 </td> <td align="center">23.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="List of political parties in the United States">Minor parties</a> </td> <td align="center">4,013 </td> <td align="center">0.64% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <th align="center">624,153 </th> <th align="center">100.00% </th></tr></tbody></table> South Dakota politics are generally dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>. Since statehood, Republicans have carried the state's electoral votes in all but five presidential elections: <a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election" title="1896 United States presidential election">1896</a>, <a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a> (by <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(United_States,_1912)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Party (United States, 1912)">Progressive Party</a>), <a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a>, <a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a> and <a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964</a>. (Democrat <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">George McGovern</a>—a native South Dakotan—failed to carry his home state in <a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972</a>.) Only Alaska has been carried fewer times by a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> Additionally, a Democrat has not won the governorship since 1974. As of 2024, Republicans hold a 2-to-1 voter registration advantage over Democrats<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> and hold supermajorities in both the state House<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> and the state Senate.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> Despite the state's general Republican and conservative leanings, Democrats have found success in various statewide elections, most notably in those involving South Dakota's congressional representatives in <a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington D.C.">Washington</a>. American Indians have been becoming more active in state and county electoral politics. In the 2002 election, American Indian voting carried Tim Johnson as the Democratic candidate by a margin of 532 votes.<a href="#cite_note-Florio-169">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a> Until his electoral defeat in 2004, Senator <a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Tom Daschle</a> was the Senate <a href="/wiki/Minority_leader" title="Minority leader">minority leader</a> (and briefly its <a href="/wiki/Majority_leader" title="Majority leader">majority leader</a> during Democratic control of the Senate in 2001–02).<a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a> Other prominent South Dakota Democrats include former presidential nominees <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">George McGovern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a>. In 2016, South Dakota voted for Republican nominee <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> over Democratic nominee <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> by a margin of 30%.<a href="#cite_note-16election-172">[171]</a> In <a href="/wiki/2018_South_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="2018 South Dakota gubernatorial election">2018</a>, Republican congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Kristi Noem</a> defeated Democrat <a href="/wiki/Billie_Sutton" title="Billie Sutton">Billie Sutton</a> in the gubernatorial election by a small margin, and Republican <a href="/wiki/Dusty_Johnson" title="Dusty Johnson">Dusty Johnson</a> defeated Democrat Tim Bjorkman for the state's at-large seat in the U.S. House of Representatives.<a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a> Noem was sworn in on January 5, 2019, making her the first female governor of the state.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a> Contemporary political issues in South Dakota include the costs and benefits of the <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Lottery" title="South Dakota Lottery">state lottery</a>,<a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a> South Dakota's relatively low rankings in education spending (particularly teacher pay—recently the State Sales Tax was increased from 4% to 4.5% to finance an increase in teacher pay),<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a> and recent legislative and electoral attempts to ban abortion in the state.<a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a> A Republican-supported bill passed in March 2019 requires that all public schools display "<a href="/wiki/In_God_We_Trust" title="In God We Trust">In God We Trust</a>" in a prominent location.<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> In a 2020 study, South Dakota was ranked as the 22nd hardest state for citizens to vote in.<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_South_Dakota" title="Culture of South Dakota">Culture of South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_Elk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Black_Elk.jpg/220px-Black_Elk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="640"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 347px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Black_Elk.jpg/220px-Black_Elk.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="347" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Black_Elk.jpg/330px-Black_Elk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Black_Elk.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Nicholas <a href="/wiki/Black_Elk" title="Black Elk">Black Elk</a> with his family, circa 1910</figcaption></figure> South Dakota's culture reflects the state's American Indian, rural, Western, and European roots.<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a> A number of annual events celebrating the state's ethnic and historical heritage take place around the state, such as Days of '76 in <a href="/wiki/Deadwood,_South_Dakota" title="Deadwood, South Dakota">Deadwood</a>,<a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a> Czech Days in <a href="/wiki/Tabor,_South_Dakota" title="Tabor, South Dakota">Tabor</a>,<a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> and the annual <a href="/wiki/St._Patrick%27s_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Patrick's Day">St. Patrick's Day</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cinco_de_Mayo" title="Cinco de Mayo">Cinco de Mayo</a> festivities in Sioux Falls. The various tribes hold many annual <a href="/wiki/Pow_wow" class="mw-redirect" title="Pow wow">pow wows</a> at their reservations throughout the state, to which non-Native Americans are sometimes invited.<a href="#cite_note-185">[184]</a> <a href="/wiki/Custer_State_Park" title="Custer State Park">Custer State Park</a> holds an annual Buffalo Roundup, in which volunteers on horseback gather the park's herd of around 1,500 <a href="/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">bison</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a> <a href="/wiki/Black_Elk" title="Black Elk">Black Elk</a> (Lakota) was a medicine man and <a href="/wiki/Heyokha" class="mw-redirect" title="Heyokha">heyokha</a>, whose life spanned the transition to reservations. His accounts of the 19th-century <a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">Indian Wars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Dance" title="Ghost Dance">Ghost Dance</a> movement, and his deep thoughts on personal visions and Native American religion, form the basis of the book <a href="/wiki/Black_Elk_Speaks" title="Black Elk Speaks">Black Elk Speaks</a>, first published in 1932. (Among several editions, a premier annotated edition was published in 2008.)<a href="#cite_note-ElkNeihardt2008-187">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Goble_(writer_and_illustrator)" title="Paul Goble (writer and illustrator)">Paul Goble</a>, a children's book author and illustrator, was based in the Black Hills from 1977.<a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a> <a href="/wiki/Laura_Ingalls_Wilder" title="Laura Ingalls Wilder">Laura Ingalls Wilder</a>, whose semi-autobiographical books are based on her experiences as a child and young adult on the frontier, is one of South Dakota's best-known writers. She drew from her life growing up on a homestead near <a href="/wiki/De_Smet,_South_Dakota" title="De Smet, South Dakota">De Smet</a> as the basis for five of her novels: <a href="/wiki/By_the_Shores_of_Silver_Lake" title="By the Shores of Silver Lake">By the Shores of Silver Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Long_Winter_(novel)" title="The Long Winter (novel)">The Long Winter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_Town_on_the_Prairie" title="Little Town on the Prairie">Little Town on the Prairie</a>, <a href="/wiki/These_Happy_Golden_Years" title="These Happy Golden Years">These Happy Golden Years</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_First_Four_Years_(novel)" title="The First Four Years (novel)">The First Four Years</a>.<a href="#cite_note-190">[189]</a> These gained renewed popularity in the United States when Little House on the Prairie was adapted and produced as a television series in 1974. Wilder's daughter, <a href="/wiki/Rose_Wilder_Lane" title="Rose Wilder Lane">Rose Wilder Lane</a>, who became a well-known writer in her own right, was born near De Smet in 1886. South Dakota has also produced several notable artists. <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Dunn" title="Harvey Dunn">Harvey Dunn</a> grew up on a homestead near <a href="/wiki/Manchester,_South_Dakota" title="Manchester, South Dakota">Manchester</a> in the late 19th century. While Dunn worked most of his career as a commercial illustrator, his most famous works showed various scenes of frontier life; he completed these near the end of his career.<a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a> <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Howe" title="Oscar Howe">Oscar Howe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Crow" title="Crow">Crow</a>) was born on the <a href="/wiki/Crow_Creek_Indian_Reservation" title="Crow Creek Indian Reservation">Crow Creek Indian Reservation</a> and won fame for his watercolor paintings.<a href="#cite_note-192">[191]</a> Howe was one of the first Native American painters to adopt techniques and style heavily influenced by the mid-20th century <a href="/wiki/Abstraction" title="Abstraction">abstraction</a> movement, rather than relying on traditional Native American styles. <a href="/wiki/Terry_Redlin" title="Terry Redlin">Terry Redlin</a>, originally from <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_South_Dakota" title="Watertown, South Dakota">Watertown</a>, was an accomplished painter of rural and wildlife scenes. Many of his works are on display at the <a href="/wiki/Redlin_Art_Center" title="Redlin Art Center">Redlin Art Center</a> in Watertown.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Cities_and_towns">Cities and towns</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Cities and towns" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Dakota" title="List of cities in South Dakota">List of cities in South Dakota</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Dakota_counties" class="mw-redirect" title="List of South Dakota counties">List of South Dakota counties</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg/220px-Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg/220px-Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg/330px-Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg/440px-Downtown_Sioux_Falls_61.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a>, with a population of around 192,000, is the largest city in South Dakota.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">Sioux Falls</a> is the most populous city in South Dakota, with a 2020 population of 192,517,<a href="#cite_note-2010CityPop-194">[193]</a> and a metropolitan area population of 281,958.<a href="#cite_note-2009Metro-195">[194]</a> The city, founded in 1856, is in the southeast corner of the state.<a href="#cite_note-196">[195]</a> Retail, finance, and healthcare have assumed greater importance in Sioux Falls,<a href="#cite_note-Thompson554-197">[196]</a> where the economy was originally centered on agri-business and quarrying. <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota" title="Rapid City, South Dakota">Rapid City</a>, with a 2020 population of 74,703,<a href="#cite_note-2010CityPop-194">[193]</a> and a metropolitan area population of 144,558,<a href="#cite_note-2009Metro-195">[194]</a> is the second-largest city in the state. It is on the eastern edge of the Black Hills, and was founded in 1876.<a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a> Rapid City's economy is largely based on tourism and defense spending,<a href="#cite_note-Thompson554-197">[196]</a> because of the proximity of many tourist attractions in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Air_Force_Base" title="Ellsworth Air Force Base">Ellsworth Air Force Base</a>. The next eight largest cities in the state, in order of descending 2010 population, are <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen,_South_Dakota" title="Aberdeen, South Dakota">Aberdeen</a> (28,495), <a href="/wiki/Brookings,_South_Dakota" title="Brookings, South Dakota">Brookings</a> (23,337), <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_South_Dakota" title="Watertown, South Dakota">Watertown</a> (22,655), <a href="/wiki/Mitchell,_South_Dakota" title="Mitchell, South Dakota">Mitchell</a> (15,660), <a href="/wiki/Yankton,_South_Dakota" title="Yankton, South Dakota">Yankton</a> (15,411), <a href="/wiki/Huron,_South_Dakota" title="Huron, South Dakota">Huron</a> (14,263), <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a> (14,091), and <a href="/wiki/Spearfish,_South_Dakota" title="Spearfish, South Dakota">Spearfish</a> (12,193).<a href="#cite_note-2010CityPop-194">[193]</a> Pierre is the state capital, and Brookings and Vermillion are the locations of the state's two largest universities (<a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_University" title="South Dakota State University">South Dakota State University</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Dakota" title="University of South Dakota">University of South Dakota</a>, respectively). With a population of about 14,000, Pierre is the second smallest state capital in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-Jensen2012-199">[198]</a> Of the ten largest cities in the state, only Rapid City and Spearfish are west of the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2010CityPop-194">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[199]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_South_Dakota" title="List of newspapers in South Dakota">List of newspapers in South Dakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_South_Dakota" title="List of television stations in South Dakota">List of television stations in South Dakota</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_South_Dakota" title="List of radio stations in South Dakota">List of radio stations in South Dakota</a></div> South Dakota's first newspaper, the Dakota Democrat, began publishing in <a href="/wiki/Yankton,_South_Dakota" title="Yankton, South Dakota">Yankton</a> in 1858.<a href="#cite_note-201">[200]</a> Today, the state's largest newspaper is the Sioux Falls <a href="/wiki/Argus_Leader" title="Argus Leader">Argus Leader</a>, with a Sunday circulation of 63,701 and a weekday circulation of 44,334.<a href="#cite_note-newspapercirc-202">[201]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City_Journal" title="Rapid City Journal">Rapid City Journal</a>, with a Sunday circulation of 32,638 and a weekday circulation of 27,827, is South Dakota's second largest newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-newspapercirc-202">[201]</a> The next four largest newspapers in the state are the <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen,_South_Dakota" title="Aberdeen, South Dakota">Aberdeen</a> <a href="/wiki/American_News" class="mw-redirect" title="American News">American News</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Watertown_Public_Opinion" title="Watertown Public Opinion">Watertown Public Opinion</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Huron_Plainsman" class="mw-redirect" title="Huron Plainsman">Huron Plainsman</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Brookings_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Brookings Register">Brookings Register</a>.<a href="#cite_note-newspapercirc-202">[201]</a> In 1981, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Giago" title="Tim Giago">Tim Giago</a> founded the Lakota Times as a newspaper for the local American Indian community on the <a href="/wiki/Pine_Ridge_Indian_Reservation" title="Pine Ridge Indian Reservation">Pine Ridge Indian Reservation</a>. The newspaper, now published in New York and known as <a href="/wiki/Indian_Country_Today" title="Indian Country Today">Indian Country Today</a>, is available in every state in the country.<a href="#cite_note-203">[202]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sioux_City_Journal" title="Sioux City Journal">Sioux City Journal</a> also covers parts of South Dakota. There are nine television stations broadcasting in South Dakota;<a href="#cite_note-204">[203]</a> <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Public_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="South Dakota Public Television">South Dakota Public Television</a> broadcasts from a number of locations around the state, while the other stations broadcast from Sioux Falls or Rapid City. The two largest television <a href="/wiki/Media_market" title="Media market">media markets</a> in South Dakota are Sioux Falls-Mitchell, with a viewership of 246,020, and Rapid City, with a viewership of 91,070.<a href="#cite_note-Nielson-205">[204]</a> The two markets rank as 114th and 177th largest in the United States, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-Nielson-205">[204]</a> The state's first television station, <a href="/wiki/KELO-TV" title="KELO-TV">KELO-TV</a>, began airing in Sioux Falls in 1953. Among KELO's early programs was <a href="/wiki/Captain_11" title="Captain 11">Captain 11</a>, an afternoon children's program. Captain 11 ran from 1955 until 1996, making it the nation's longest continuously running children's television program.<a href="#cite_note-206">[205]</a> A number of South Dakotans are famous for their work in television and publishing. Former <a href="/wiki/NBC_Nightly_News" title="NBC Nightly News">NBC Nightly News</a> anchor and author <a href="/wiki/Tom_Brokaw" title="Tom Brokaw">Tom Brokaw</a> is from <a href="/wiki/Webster,_South_Dakota" title="Webster, South Dakota">Webster</a> and Yankton,<a href="#cite_note-207">[206]</a> <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Al_Neuharth" title="Al Neuharth">Al Neuharth</a> was from <a href="/wiki/Eureka,_South_Dakota" title="Eureka, South Dakota">Eureka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alpena,_South_Dakota" title="Alpena, South Dakota">Alpena</a>,<a href="#cite_note-208">[207]</a> gameshow host <a href="/wiki/Bob_Barker" title="Bob Barker">Bob Barker</a> spent much of his childhood in <a href="/wiki/Mission,_South_Dakota" title="Mission, South Dakota">Mission</a>,<a href="#cite_note-209">[208]</a> and entertainment news hosts <a href="/wiki/Pat_O%27Brien_(television)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pat O'Brien (television)">Pat O'Brien</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[209]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mary_Hart" title="Mary Hart">Mary Hart</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[210]</a> are from Sioux Falls. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Education" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_South_Dakota" title="List of colleges and universities in South Dakota">List of colleges and universities in South Dakota</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_South_Dakota" title="List of high schools in South Dakota">List of high schools in South Dakota</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg/220px-Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg/220px-Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg/330px-Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg/440px-Coughlin_Campanile_1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Coughlin_Campanile" title="Coughlin Campanile">Coughlin Campanile</a>, a landmark on the campus of <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_University" title="South Dakota State University">South Dakota State University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brookings,_South_Dakota" title="Brookings, South Dakota">Brookings</a></figcaption></figure> As of 2006, South Dakota has a total primary and secondary school enrollment of 136,872, with 120,278 of these students being educated in the public school system.<a href="#cite_note-212">[211]</a> There are 703 public schools<a href="#cite_note-213">[212]</a> in 168 school districts,<a href="#cite_note-214">[213]</a> giving South Dakota the highest number of schools per capita in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-215">[214]</a> The current high school graduation rate is 89.9%,<a href="#cite_note-216">[215]</a> and the average <a href="/wiki/ACT_(examination)" class="mw-redirect" title="ACT (examination)">ACT</a> score is 21.8, slightly above the national average of 21.1.<a href="#cite_note-217">[216]</a> 89.8% of the adult population has earned at least a high school diploma, and 25.8% has earned a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> or higher.<a href="#cite_note-SD_QuickFacts-218">[217]</a> South Dakota's 2008 average public school teacher salary of $36,674 was the lowest in the nation (national average was $52,308).<a href="#cite_note-219">[218]</a> In 2007 South Dakota passed legislation modeled after Montana's Indian Education for All Act (1999), mandating education about Native American tribal history, culture, and heritage in all the schools, from pre-school through college, in an effort to increase knowledge and appreciation about Indian culture among all residents of the state, as well as to reinforce Indian students' understanding of their own cultures' contributions.<a href="#cite_note-teach.indian-220">[219]</a> The <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Board_of_Regents" title="South Dakota Board of Regents">South Dakota Board of Regents</a>, whose members are appointed by the governor, controls the six public universities in the state. <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_University" title="South Dakota State University">South Dakota State University</a> (SDSU), in <a href="/wiki/Brookings,_South_Dakota" title="Brookings, South Dakota">Brookings</a>, is the state's largest university, with an enrollment of 12,831.<a href="#cite_note-221">[220]</a> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Dakota" title="University of South Dakota">University of South Dakota</a> (USD), in <a href="/wiki/Vermillion,_South_Dakota" title="Vermillion, South Dakota">Vermillion</a>, is the state's oldest university, and has South Dakota's only <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Dakota_School_of_Law" title="University of South Dakota School of Law">law school</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Dakota_Sanford_School_of_Medicine" title="University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine">medical school</a>.<a href="#cite_note-222">[221]</a> South Dakota also has several private universities, the largest of which is <a href="/wiki/Augustana_University" title="Augustana University">Augustana University</a> in Sioux Falls. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><h2 id="Sports_and_recreation">Sports and recreation</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sports and recreation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organized_sports">Organized sports</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Organized sports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Because of its low population, South Dakota does not host any major league professional sports franchises. The state has minor league and independent league teams, all of which play in Sioux Falls or Rapid City. Sioux Falls is home to four teams: the <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_Canaries" title="Sioux Falls Canaries">Sioux Falls Canaries</a> (baseball), the <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_Skyforce" title="Sioux Falls Skyforce">Sioux Falls Skyforce</a> (basketball), the <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_Stampede" title="Sioux Falls Stampede">Sioux Falls Stampede</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">hockey</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_Storm" title="Sioux Falls Storm">Sioux Falls Storm</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indoor_American_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor American football">indoor American football</a>).<a href="#cite_note-223">[222]</a> The Canaries play in the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_Independent_Professional_Baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="American Association of Independent Professional Baseball">American Association</a>, and their home field is <a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_Stadium" title="Sioux Falls Stadium">Sioux Falls Stadium</a>. The Skyforce plays in the <a href="/wiki/NBA_G_League" title="NBA G League">NBA G League</a> and is owned by the NBA's <a href="/wiki/Miami_Heat" title="Miami Heat">Miami Heat</a>. It plays at the <a href="/wiki/Sanford_Pentagon" title="Sanford Pentagon">Sanford Pentagon</a>. The Stampede and Storm share the <a href="/wiki/Denny_Sanford_Premier_Center" title="Denny Sanford Premier Center">Denny Sanford Premier Center</a>. The Stampede plays in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Hockey_League" title="United States Hockey League">USHL</a>, and the Storm plays in the <a href="/wiki/Indoor_Football_League" title="Indoor Football League">IFL</a>. Rapid City has a hockey team named the <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City_Rush" title="Rapid City Rush">Rapid City Rush</a> that plays in the <a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a>. The Rush began its inaugural season in 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Rushmore_Plaza_Civic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Rushmore Plaza Civic Center">Rushmore Plaza Civic Center</a>.<a href="#cite_note-224">[223]</a> Universities in South Dakota host a variety of sports programs. For many years, South Dakota was one of the only states in the country without an <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a> football or basketball team. However, the <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_Jackrabbits" title="South Dakota State Jackrabbits">South Dakota State Jackrabbits</a> decided to move their teams from <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II" title="NCAA Division II">Division II</a> to Division I in 2007,<a href="#cite_note-225">[224]</a> a move followed by the <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Coyotes" title="South Dakota Coyotes">South Dakota Coyotes</a> in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-226">[225]</a> Other universities in the state compete at the NCAA's Division II level, or in the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Intercollegiate_Athletics" title="National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics">NAIA</a>. Famous South Dakota athletes include <a href="/wiki/Billy_Mills" title="Billy Mills">Billy Mills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Miller_(basketball,_born_1980)" title="Mike Miller (basketball, born 1980)">Mike Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Ellis_(baseball)" title="Mark Ellis (baseball)">Mark Ellis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Becky_Hammon" title="Becky Hammon">Becky Hammon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brock_Lesnar" title="Brock Lesnar">Brock Lesnar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chad_Greenway" title="Chad Greenway">Chad Greenway</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adam_Vinatieri" title="Adam Vinatieri">Adam Vinatieri</a>. Mills is from the town of <a href="/wiki/Pine_Ridge,_South_Dakota" title="Pine Ridge, South Dakota">Pine Ridge</a> and competed at the <a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympic_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="1964 Summer Olympic Games">1964 Summer Olympic Games</a> in Tokyo, becoming the only American to win a gold medal in the 10,000-meter event.<a href="#cite_note-227">[226]</a> Miller, of <a href="/wiki/Mitchell,_South_Dakota" title="Mitchell, South Dakota">Mitchell</a>, is a two-time <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">NBA</a> champion who played college basketball at the University of Florida, leading them to the 2000 NCAA Championship game his sophomore year, and won the 2001 NBA rookie of the year award. Ellis, of Rapid City, played for the University of Florida and four <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a> teams before retiring in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-228">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[228]</a> Hammon, of <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota" title="Rapid City, South Dakota">Rapid City</a>, played for the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_National_Basketball_Association" title="Women's National Basketball Association">WNBA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/New_York_Liberty" title="New York Liberty">New York Liberty</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Silver_Stars" class="mw-redirect" title="San Antonio Silver Stars">San Antonio Silver Stars</a> before becoming an assistant coach for the NBA's <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Spurs" title="San Antonio Spurs">San Antonio Spurs</a> in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-230">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[230]</a> Lesnar, of <a href="/wiki/Webster,_South_Dakota" title="Webster, South Dakota">Webster</a>, is a former heavy-weight champion in the UFC and WWE. Vinatieri is an <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a> placekicker who grew up in <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota" title="Rapid City, South Dakota">Rapid City</a> and attended SDSU.<a href="#cite_note-232">[231]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recreation">Recreation</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Recreation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg/220px-Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg/220px-Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg/330px-Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg/440px-Mickelson_Trail_Tunnel.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A tunnel along the <a href="/wiki/George_S._Mickelson_Trail" title="George S. Mickelson Trail">George S. Mickelson Trail</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a></figcaption></figure> Fishing and hunting are popular outdoor activities in South Dakota. Fishing contributes over $224 million to South Dakota's economy, and hunting contributes over $303 million.<a href="#cite_note-233">[232]</a> In 2007, over 275,000 hunting licenses and 175,000 fishing licenses were sold in the state; around half of the hunting licenses and over two-thirds of the fishing licenses were purchased by South Dakotans.<a href="#cite_note-234">[233]</a> Popular species of game include <a href="/wiki/Common_pheasant" title="Common pheasant">pheasants</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_tailed_deer" class="mw-redirect" title="White tailed deer">white-tailed deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mule_deer" title="Mule deer">mule deer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Turkey_(bird)" title="Turkey (bird)">turkeys</a>, as well as waterfowl such as <a href="/wiki/Canada_goose" title="Canada goose">Canada geese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snow_geese" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow geese">snow geese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mallards" class="mw-redirect" title="Mallards">mallards</a>. Targets of anglers include <a href="/wiki/Walleye" title="Walleye">walleye</a> in the eastern glacial lakes and Missouri River reservoirs,<a href="#cite_note-235">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-MissouriFishing-236">[235]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinook_salmon" title="Chinook salmon">Chinook salmon</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lake_Oahe" title="Lake Oahe">Lake Oahe</a>,<a href="#cite_note-MissouriFishing-236">[235]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">trout</a> in the Black Hills.<a href="#cite_note-237">[236]</a> Other sports, such as cycling and running, are also popular in the state. In 1991, the state opened the <a href="/wiki/George_S._Mickelson_Trail" title="George S. Mickelson Trail">George S. Mickelson Trail</a>, a 109-mile (175 km) <a href="/wiki/Rail_trail" title="Rail trail">rail trail</a> in the Black Hills.<a href="#cite_note-238">[237]</a> Besides being used by cyclists, the trail is also the site of a portion of the annual Mount Rushmore marathon; the marathon's entire course is at an elevation of over 4,000 feet (1,200 m).<a href="#cite_note-239">[238]</a> Other events in the state include the Tour de Kota, a 478-mile (769 km), six-day cycling event that covers much of eastern and central South Dakota,<a href="#cite_note-240">[239]</a> and the annual <a href="/wiki/Sturgis_Motorcycle_Rally" title="Sturgis Motorcycle Rally">Sturgis Motorcycle Rally</a>, which draws hundreds of thousands of participants from around the United States.<a href="#cite_note-Sturgisrally-140">[139]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><h2 id="State_symbols">State symbols</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: State symbols" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Dakota_state_symbols" title="List of South Dakota state symbols">List of South Dakota state symbols</a></div> Some of South Dakota's official state symbols include:<a href="#cite_note-241">[240]</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_birds" title="List of U.S. state birds">State bird</a>: <a href="/wiki/Common_pheasant" title="Common pheasant">Ring-necked pheasant</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_flowers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state flowers">State flower</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pulsatilla_nuttalliana" title="Pulsatilla nuttalliana">American pasque flower</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_trees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state trees">State tree</a>: Black Hills <a href="/wiki/Spruce" title="Spruce">spruce</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state nicknames">State nicknames</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a> State (official), <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">Coyote</a> state and <a href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">Sunshine</a> state (both unofficial)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_mottos" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state mottos">State motto</a>: "Under God, the people rule"</dd> <dd>State slogan: "Great Faces. Great Places."</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">State mineral</a>: Rose <a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">quartz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_insects" title="List of U.S. state insects">State insect</a>: <a href="/wiki/Western_honey_bee" title="Western honey bee">Honey bee</a> (Apis mellifera)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state animals">State animal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">Coyote</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_fish" title="List of U.S. state fish">State fish</a>: <a href="/wiki/Walleye" title="Walleye">Walleye</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">State gemstone</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fairburn,_South_Dakota" title="Fairburn, South Dakota">Fairburn</a> <a href="/wiki/Agate" title="Agate">agate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs" title="List of U.S. state songs">State song</a>: "<a href="/wiki/Hail,_South_Dakota!" title="Hail, South Dakota!">Hail, South Dakota!</a>"</dd></dl> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_South_Dakota-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of South Dakota-related articles">Index of South Dakota-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_South_Dakota" title="Outline of South Dakota">Outline of South Dakota</a></li> <li><noscript><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg/32px-Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="450"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 20px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg/32px-Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="32" data-height="20" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg/48px-Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg/64px-Flag_of_South_Dakota.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Portal:South_Dakota" title="Portal:South Dakota">South Dakota portal</a></li> <li><noscript><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="32" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NAVD88-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_4-1">b</a> Elevation adjusted to <a href="/wiki/North_American_Vertical_Datum_of_1988" title="North American Vertical Datum of 1988">North American Vertical Datum of 1988</a>. </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SDArea-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SDArea_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SDArea_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180316004512/https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/state-area.html">"State Area Measurements (2010)"</a>. U.S. Census. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/state-area.html">the original</a> on March 16, 2018. Retrieved March 26, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Area+Measurements+%282010%29&rft.pub=U.S.+Census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Freference%2Fstate-area.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=OT0810">"Black Elk Peak"</a>. 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South Dakota State Historical Society. 1908.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Dakota+Historical+Collections&rft.pub=South+Dakota+State+Historical+Society&rft.date=1908&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiXkSAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3Dconstitutional%2Bconvention%2BSouth%2BDakota%2B1883%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-richardson2-35"><a href="#cite_ref-richardson2_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeather_Cox_Richardson2013" class="citation book cs1">Heather Cox Richardson (November 25, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-Zi4H7SsSugC">Wounded Knee: Party Politics and the Road to an American Massacre</a>. Basic Books. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780465025114" title="Special:BookSources/9780465025114"><bdi>9780465025114</bdi></a>. <q>"On February 22, 1889, outgoing President Cleveland signed an omnibus bill that divided the Territory of Dakota in half. The bill also enable the people in the new Territories of North Dakota and South Dakota, as well as the older territories of Montana and Washington, to write state constitutions and elect state governments. The four new states would be admitted into the Union in nine months. This plan cut Democratic New Mexico out of statehood, and split Republican Dakota Territory into two new Republican states. Rather than two new Republican states and two new Democratic states that Congress had considered the previous year, the omnibus bill created three new Republican states and one new Democratic state that Republicans thought they would capture. In their eagerness to admit both Dakotas, Republican congressmen also ignored the uncomfortable fact that much of the land in the anticipated state of South Dakota belonged to the Sioux</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wounded+Knee%3A+Party+Politics+and+the+Road+to+an+American+Massacre&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2013-11-25&rft.isbn=9780465025114&rft.au=Heather+Cox+Richardson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-Zi4H7SsSugC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndstudies.gov/gr4/early-settlement-north-dakota/part-1-early-settlement-north-dakota/section-6-statehood">"Section 6: Statehood | 4th Grade North Dakota Studies"</a>. North Dakota Studies Grade 4 Curriculum. Retrieved November 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=North+Dakota+Studies+Grade+4+Curriculum&rft.atitle=Section+6%3A+Statehood+%7C+4th+Grade+North+Dakota+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndstudies.gov%2Fgr4%2Fearly-settlement-north-dakota%2Fpart-1-early-settlement-north-dakota%2Fsection-6-statehood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4377423/dakota-north-south-history-two/">"Now You Know: Why Are There Two Dakotas?"</a>. Time. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220408084549/https://time.com/4377423/dakota-north-south-history-two/">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Now+You+Know%3A+Why+Are+There+Two+Dakotas%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4377423%2Fdakota-north-south-history-two%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017234846/http://www.ndstudies.gov/content/moving-toward-statehood">"Moving Toward Statehood | North Dakota Studies"</a>. October 17, 2015. 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Retrieved April 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moving+Toward+Statehood+%7C+North+Dakota+Studies&rft.date=2015-10-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndstudies.gov%2Fcontent%2Fmoving-toward-statehood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> Schell, p. 222. </li> <li id="cite_note-Thompson116-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Thompson116_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thompson116_40-1">b</a> Thompson (ed.), pp. 115–116. </li> <li id="cite_note-richardson-41"><a href="#cite_ref-richardson_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeather_Cox_Richardson2013" class="citation book cs1">Heather Cox Richardson (November 25, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-Zi4H7SsSugC">Wounded Knee: Party Politics and the Road to an American Massacre</a>. Basic Books. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780465025114" title="Special:BookSources/9780465025114"><bdi>9780465025114</bdi></a>. <q>"On February 22, 1889, outgoing President Cleveland signed an omnibus bill that divided the Territory of Dakota in half. The bill also enable the people in the new Territories of North Dakota and South Dakota, as well as the older territories of Montana and Washington, to write state constitutions and elect state governments. The four new states would be admitted into the Union in nine months. This plan cut Democratic New Mexico out of statehood, and split Republican Dakota Territory into two new Republican states. Rather than two new Republican states and two new Democratic states that Congress had considered the previous year, the omnibus bill created three new Republican states and one new Democratic state that Republicans thought they would capture. 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NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210510065328/https://www.npr.org/2021/05/03/989984124/a-giant-organic-farm-faces-criticism-that-its-harming-the-environment">Archived</a> from the original on May 10, 2021. 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United States Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081228081313/http://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/sd190090.txt">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2008. Retrieved December 14, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+Counties+by+Decennial+Census%3A+1900+to+1990&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fcencounts%2Fsd190090.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> Schell, pp. 317–320. </li> <li id="cite_note-Schell323-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schell323_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schell323_47-1">b</a> Schell, pp. 323–325. </li> <li id="cite_note-Citibank-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Citibank_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Citibank_48-1">b</a> Hetland, Cara. 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South Dakota Science and Technology Authority. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanfordlaboratoryathomestake.org/news_07-10-07a.html">the original</a> on December 15, 2007. Retrieved August 28, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Homestake+Strikes+Gold+Again&rft.pub=South+Dakota+Science+and+Technology+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanfordlaboratoryathomestake.org%2Fnews_07-10-07a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070403202243/http://aliciapatterson.org/APF2102/Coffman_Anthan/Coffman_Anthan.html">"Sweeping out the Plains"</a>. aliciapatterson.org. 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Scottish Geographical Journal. 123 (3): 227–233. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ScGJ..123..227G">2007ScGJ..123..227G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14702540801897809">10.1080/14702540801897809</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:55876083">55876083</a>. 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Retrieved June 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+and+Average+Weather+Year+Round+in+Aberdeen%2C+SD&rft.pub=weatherspark.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweatherspark.com%2Fy%2F7277%2FAverage-Weather-in-Aberdeen-South-Dakota-United-States-Year-Round%23Figures-Temperature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://weatherspark.com/y/7272/Average-Weather-in-Huron-South-Dakota-United-States-Year-Round">"Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Huron, SD"</a>. weatherspark.com. Retrieved June 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+and+Average+Weather+Year+Round+in+Huron%2C+SD&rft.pub=weatherspark.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweatherspark.com%2Fy%2F7272%2FAverage-Weather-in-Huron-South-Dakota-United-States-Year-Round&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://weatherspark.com/y/4074/Average-Weather-in-Rapid-City-South-Dakota-United-States-Year-Round">"Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Rapid City, SD"</a>. weatherspark.com. 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Retrieved June 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+and+Average+Weather+Year+Round+in+Sioux+Falls%2C+SD&rft.pub=weatherspark.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweatherspark.com%2Fy%2F9059%2FAverage-Weather-in-Sioux-Falls-South-Dakota-United-States-Year-Round&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> Nettinga, Curt. Saving the bison may have saved Wind Cave Park. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://rapidcityjournal.com/news/local/communities/hot-springs/community/saving-the-bison-may-have-saved-wind-cave-park/article_5cdb8bda-0365-11e3-9a3e-001a4bcf887a.html">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130917111016/http://rapidcityjournal.com/news/local/communities/hot-springs/community/saving-the-bison-may-have-saved-wind-cave-park/article_5cdb8bda-0365-11e3-9a3e-001a4bcf887a.html">Archived</a> September 17, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Rapid_City_Journal" title="Rapid City Journal">Rapid City Journal</a>. August 13, 2013. 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Retrieved August 27, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions+%28Badlands+National+Park%29&rft.pub=National+Park+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fbadl%2Ffaqs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/badl">"Badlands"</a>. National Park Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070824080349/http://www.nps.gov/badl">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2007. 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Retrieved August 28, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Dakota&rft.pub=National+Park+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fstate%2FSD%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> Hetland, Cara. Crazy Horse Memorial turns 60 this year <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/06/02/crazyhorse60">Publicradio.org</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090130083252/http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/06/02/crazyhorse60">Archived</a> January 30, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Public_Radio" title="Minnesota Public Radio">Minnesota Public Radio</a>. June 8, 2008. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html">the original</a> on April 29, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census.gov&rft.atitle=Historical+Population+Change+Data+%281910%E2%80%932020%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fdata%2Ftables%2Ftime-series%2Fdec%2Fpopchange-data-text.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopEstUS-96"><a href="#cite_ref-PopEstUS_96-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/SD,US/PST045222">"QuickFacts South Dakota; UNITED STATES"</a>. 2022 Population Estimates. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Population Division. December 26, 2022. 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Retrieved June 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+website%E2%80%94Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_south_dakota.pdf">"Immigrants in South Dakota"</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Immigrants+in+South+Dakota&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanimmigrationcouncil.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fresearch%2Fimmigrants_in_south_dakota.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011212170351/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt">"Population and Population Centers by State—2000"</a>. United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt">the original</a> on December 12, 2001. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vacations.visitrapidcity.inntopia.travel/aspnet/2.0/packageselect07.aspx?salesid=650555&packageid=3338&returnxml=0">the original</a> on June 4, 2012. 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June 26, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711105345/http://www.gojacks.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=15000&ATCLID=1498295&SPID=7147&SPSID=64578">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2011. Retrieved December 21, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SDSU+approved+for+Division+I+membership&rft.pub=South+Dakota+State+University&rft.date=2008-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gojacks.com%2FViewArticle.dbml%3F%26DB_OEM_ID%3D15000%26ATCLID%3D1498295%26SPID%3D7147%26SPSID%3D64578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/college-sports/news/story?id=2680524">"South Dakota leaves North Central Conference for D-I"</a>. ESPN. November 30, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121019002422/http://sports.espn.go.com/ncaa/news/story?id=2680524">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2012. 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South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sdgfp.info/parks/regions/NorthernHills/MickelsonTrail/GSMTrailGuide.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on January 4, 2010. Retrieved January 29, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=George+S.+Mickelson+Trail+Guide&rft.pub=South+Dakota+Department+of+Game%2C+Fish+and+Parks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sdgfp.info%2Fparks%2Fregions%2FNorthernHills%2FMickelsonTrail%2FGSMTrailGuide.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051013062504/http://www.mtrushmoremarathon.com/new/Route/">"Course Info"</a>. Mount Rushmore Marathon. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtrushmoremarathon.com/new/Route/">the original</a> on October 13, 2005. Retrieved December 21, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Course+Info&rft.pub=Mount+Rushmore+Marathon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtrushmoremarathon.com%2Fnew%2FRoute%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tourdekota.com/">"Tour de Kota"</a>. Tour de Kota. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090105161516/http://tourdekota.com/">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2009. Retrieved June 25, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tour+de+Kota&rft.pub=Tour+de+Kota&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tourdekota.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.travelsouthdakota.com/about-south-dakota/south-dakota-facts">"South Dakota Facts"</a>. South Dakota Department of Tourism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072246/https://www.travelsouthdakota.com/about-south-dakota/south-dakota-facts">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Dakota+Department+of+Tourism&rft.atitle=South+Dakota+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelsouthdakota.com%2Fabout-south-dakota%2Fsouth-dakota-facts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasselstrom1994" class="citation book cs1">Hasselstrom, Linda M. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/roadsidehistoryo0000hass">Roadside History of South Dakota</a>. Missoula, MT: <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Press_Publishing_Company" title="Mountain Press Publishing Company">Mountain Press Publishing Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87842-262-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87842-262-3"><bdi>978-0-87842-262-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roadside+History+of+South+Dakota&rft.place=Missoula%2C+MT&rft.pub=Mountain+Press+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-87842-262-3&rft.aulast=Hasselstrom&rft.aufirst=Linda+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Froadsidehistoryo0000hass&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchell2004" class="citation book cs1">Schell, Herbert S. (2004). History of South Dakota. Pierre, SD: <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_Historical_Society_Press" title="South Dakota State Historical Society Press">South Dakota State Historical Society Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9715171-3-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9715171-3-4"><bdi>978-0-9715171-3-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+South+Dakota&rft.place=Pierre%2C+SD&rft.pub=South+Dakota+State+Historical+Society+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-9715171-3-4&rft.aulast=Schell&rft.aufirst=Herbert+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson,_Harry_F.2009" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Harry F., ed. (2009). A New South Dakota History (Second ed.). Sioux Falls, SD: Center for Western Studies—<a href="/wiki/Augustana_College_(South_Dakota)" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustana College (South Dakota)">Augustana College</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-931170-00-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-931170-00-3"><bdi>978-0-931170-00-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+South+Dakota+History&rft.place=Sioux+Falls%2C+SD&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Center+for+Western+Studies%E2%80%94Augustana+College&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-931170-00-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(16)"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-16"> <ul><li>Lauck, Jon K. Prairie Republic: The Political Culture of Dakota Territory, 1879–1889 (University of Oklahoma Press; 2010) 281 pages</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_J._Wishart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David J. Wishart (page does not exist)">Wishart, David J.</a> ed. Encyclopedia of the Great Plains, University of Nebraska Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-4787-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-4787-7">0-8032-4787-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/">complete text online</a>; 900 pages of scholarly articles</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarolevitzHunhoff1988" class="citation book cs1">Karolevitz, Robert F.; Hunhoff, Bernie (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J1blPQAACAAJ">Uniquely South Dakota</a>. Donning Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89865-730-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89865-730-2"><bdi>978-0-89865-730-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uniquely+South+Dakota&rft.pub=Donning+Company&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-89865-730-2&rft.aulast=Karolevitz&rft.aufirst=Robert+F.&rft.au=Hunhoff%2C+Bernie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ1blPQAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"> From the publisher of <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Magazine" title="South Dakota Magazine">South Dakota Magazine</a>, with many photographs.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(17)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-17 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-17"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> South Dakota at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/South Dakota">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="c:Category:South Dakota">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="n:Category:South Dakota">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/South Dakota">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 26px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="26" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/South Dakota">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/South Dakota">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/South Dakota">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/South_Dakota" class="extiw" title="voy:South Dakota">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sd.gov/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travelsd.com/">South Dakota Department of Tourism</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080515220918/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/South_Dakota">South Dakota State Databases</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101117132214/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=SD">Energy Profile for South Dakota</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070106170210/http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=SD">USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of South Dakota</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040911075056/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/46000.html">U.S. Census Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=46&StateName=South%20Dakota#.U8LWu_ldUeo">South Dakota State Facts from USDA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sdshspress.com/">South Dakota State Historical Society Press</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126164137/https://www.sdshspress.com/">Archived</a> January 26, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds1921" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Reynolds, Francis J., ed. (1921). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/South_Dakota">"South Dakota" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Collier%27s_Encyclopedia" title="Collier's Encyclopedia">Collier's New Encyclopedia</a>. New York: P. F. Collier & Son Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=South+Dakota&rft.btitle=Collier%27s+New+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=P.+F.+Collier+%26+Son+Company&rft.date=1921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Dakota" class="Z3988"></li> <li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/161652">South Dakota</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dakotapathways.org/">Dakota Pathways</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_statehood" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by date of statehood">List of U.S. states by date of statehood</a> Admitted on November 2, 1889 (40th) </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=South_Dakota&params=44_N_100_W_dim:300000_region:US-SD_type:adm1st&title=State+of+South+Dakota">44°N 100°W / 44°N 100°W / 44; -100 (State of South Dakota)</a> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div></section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&oldid=1259288287">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&oldid=1259288287</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=South_Dakota&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 24 November 2024, at 10:15 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suid-Dakota" title="Suid-Dakota – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suid-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B0%E1%89%A1%E1%89%A5_%E1%8B%B3%E1%8A%AE%E1%89%B3" title="ደቡብ ዳኮታ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ደቡብ ዳኮታ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maad%C3%A2-Dakota" title="Maadâ-Dakota – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Maadâ-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AB%C3%BEdacota" title="Sūþdacota – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sūþdacota" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="داكوتا الجنوبية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="داكوتا الجنوبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_d%27o_Sud" title="Dakota d'o Sud – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dakota d'o Sud" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%90%DC%98%DC%AC_%DC%95%DC%90%DC%9F%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܣܐܘܬ ܕܐܟܘܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܐܘܬ ܕܐܟܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_du_Mi%C3%A9-jorn" title="Dakota du Mié-jorn – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Dakota du Mié-jorn" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_Sur" title="Dakota del Sur – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dakota del Sur" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dak%C3%B3ta_%C3%91embygua" title="Dakóta Ñembygua – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Dakóta Ñembygua" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota_suyu" title="South Dakota suyu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="South Dakota suyu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%99nubi_Dakota" title="Cənubi Dakota – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cənubi Dakota" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="جنوبی داکوتا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جنوبی داکوتا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Kelod" title="Dakota Kelod – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Dakota Kelod" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE" title="দক্ষিণ ডাকোটা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দক্ষিণ ডাকোটা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Көньяҡ Дакота – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Көньяҡ Дакота" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Паўднёвая Дакота – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўднёвая Дакота" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Паўднёвая Дакота – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паўднёвая Дакота" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="साउथ डकोटा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="साउथ डकोटा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saut_Dakota" title="Saut Dakota – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Saut Dakota" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Южна Дакота – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Южна Дакота" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid-Dakota" title="Sid-Dakota – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sid-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Dakota" title="Južna Dakota – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Južna Dakota" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Урда Дакота – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Урда Дакота" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_Sud" title="Dakota del Sud – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dakota del Sud" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%C4%83%D0%BD%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Кăнтăр Дакота – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кăнтăр Дакота" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C5%BEn%C3%AD_Dakota" title="Jižní Dakota – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jižní Dakota" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_di_u_Sudu" title="Dakota di u Sudu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Dakota di u Sudu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Dakota" title="De Dakota – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="De Dakota" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B7%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="داكوطا لجنوبية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="داكوطا لجنوبية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lulli-Dakota" title="Lulli-Dakota – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Lulli-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C3%A1di%CA%BC%C3%A1%C3%A1hj%C3%AD_Naa%C5%82%C3%A1n%C3%AD_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Shádiʼááhjí Naałání Bikéyah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Shádiʼááhjí Naałání Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B5una-Dakota" title="Lõuna-Dakota – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lõuna-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Νότια Ντακότα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νότια Ντακότα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dak%C3%B2ta_dal_Sud" title="Dakòta dal Sud – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Dakòta dal Sud" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_Sur" title="Dakota del Sur – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dakota del Sur" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suda_Dakoto" title="Suda Dakoto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Suda Dakoto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hego_Dakota" title="Hego Dakota – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hego Dakota" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="داکوتای جنوبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="داکوتای جنوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_du_Sud" title="Dakota du Sud – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dakota du Sud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAd-Dakota" title="Súd-Dakota – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Súd-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Theas" title="Dakota Theas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dakota Theas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Yiass" title="Dakota Yiass – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Dakota Yiass" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%BClen_Dakota" title="Üülen Dakota – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Üülen Dakota" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_a_Deas" title="Dakota a Deas – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dakota a Deas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacota_do_Sur" title="Dacota do Sur – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dacota do Sur" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0_%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌺𐍉𐍄𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌺𐍉𐍄𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4%EB%8B%A4%EC%BD%94%ED%83%80%EC%A3%BC" title="사우스다코타주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사우스다코타주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakoka_Hema" title="Kakoka Hema – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kakoka Hema" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A1" title="Հարավային Դակոտա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հարավային Դակոտա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="साउथ डकोटा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साउथ डकोटा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Dakota" title="Južna Dakota – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Južna Dakota" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudal_Dakota" title="Sudal Dakota – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sudal Dakota" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawt_Dak%C3%B3t%E1%BA%A1" title="Sawt Dakótạ – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Sawt Dakótạ" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE" title="সাউথ ডাকোটা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সাউথ ডাকোটা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Selatan" title="Dakota Selatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dakota Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_Sud" title="Dakota del Sud – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Dakota del Sud" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud-Dakota" title="Sud-Dakota – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sud-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%96%E1%91%B0%E1%91%96_%E1%93%82%E1%92%8B%E1%96%85" title="ᑖᑰᑖ ᓂᒋᖅ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑖᑰᑖ ᓂᒋᖅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Хуссар Дакотæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хуссар Дакотæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%B0ur-Dak%C3%B3ta" title="Suður-Dakóta – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Suður-Dakóta" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_Sud" title="Dakota del Sud – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dakota del Sud" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%98%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="דקוטה הדרומית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דקוטה הדרומית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takota_Had%C9%9B_Ki%C5%8B" title="Takota Hadɛ Kiŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Takota Hadɛ Kiŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauling_Dakota" title="Mauling Dakota – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Mauling Dakota" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="სამხრეთი დაკოტა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სამხრეთი დაკოტა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%A3%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Оңтүстік Дакота – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Оңтүстік Дакота" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Dheghow" title="Dakota Dheghow – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Dakota Dheghow" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_disid" title="Dakota disid – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Dakota disid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakotaya_Ba%C5%9F%C3%BBr" title="Dakotaya Başûr – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dakotaya Başûr" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%88%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Түштүк Дакота (штат) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Түштүк Дакота (штат)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D3%B9%D0%B2%D3%93%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Кечӹвӓлвел Дакота – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кечӹвӓлвел Дакота" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_Sud" title="Dakota del Sud – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Dakota del Sud" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacota_Meridiana" title="Dacota Meridiana – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dacota Meridiana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dienviddakota" title="Dienviddakota – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dienviddakota" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_Dakota" title="Pietų Dakota – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pietų Dakota" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_do_Sud" title="Dakota do Sud – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Dakota do Sud" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Sude" title="Dakota Sude – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Dakota Sude" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_S%C3%BCd" title="Dakota del Süd – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dakota del Süd" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9l-Dakota" title="Dél-Dakota – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dél-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="साउथ डेकोटा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="साउथ डेकोटा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Јужна Дакота – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јужна Дакота" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Atsimo" title="Dakota Atsimo – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Dakota Atsimo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F" title="തെക്കൻ ഡക്കോട്ട – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തെക്കൻ ഡക്കോട്ട" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takouta-ki-te-tonga" title="Takouta-ki-te-tonga – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Takouta-ki-te-tonga" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="साउथ डकोटा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साउथ डकोटा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="ობჟათე დაკოტა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ობჟათე დაკოტა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AB_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="ساوث داكوتا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساوث داكوتا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="جنوبی داکوتا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جنوبی داکوتا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Selatan" title="Dakota Selatan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dakota Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A5_%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%AA%EA%AF%95_%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯗꯥꯀꯣꯇꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯗꯥꯀꯣꯇꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Өмнөд Дакота – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Өмнөд Дакота" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%AB%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="တောင်ဒါကိုတာပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တောင်ဒါကိုတာပြည်နယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCddakota" title="Süüddakota – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Süüddakota" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="साउथ डेकोटा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साउथ डेकोटा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="साउथ दाकोता – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="साउथ दाकोता" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%80%E3%82%B3%E3%82%BF%E5%B7%9E" title="サウスダコタ州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サウスダコタ州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Къилба Дакота – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Къилба Дакота" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Dakota" title="Sør-Dakota – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sør-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Dakota" title="Sør-Dakota – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sør-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_del_Sud" title="Dakota del Sud – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dakota del Sud" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Кечывалвел Дакота – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кечывалвел Дакота" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janubiy_Dakota" title="Janubiy Dakota – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Janubiy Dakota" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE" title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਡਕੋਟਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਡਕੋਟਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण ड्याकोटा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="दक्षिण ड्याकोटा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7_%DA%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%A7" title="لما ڈکوٹا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لما ڈکوٹا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="سوېلي داکوتا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سوېلي داکوتا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_du_Sud" title="Dakota du Sud – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Dakota du Sud" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_d%C3%ABl_Sud" title="Dakota dël Sud – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Dakota dël Sud" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCd-Dakota" title="Süüd-Dakota – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Süüd-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Po%C5%82udniowa" title="Dakota Południowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dakota Południowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_do_Sul" title="Dakota do Sul – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dakota do Sul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cen%C3%BCbiy_Dakota" title="Cenübiy Dakota – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Cenübiy Dakota" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_de_Sud" title="Dakota de Sud – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dakota de Sud" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota_suyu" title="South Dakota suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="South Dakota suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Южная Дакота – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Южная Дакота" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D2%95%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Соҕуруу Дакота – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Соҕуруу Дакота" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="दक्षिण डकोटा – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="दक्षिण डकोटा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_de_Sud" title="Dakota de Sud – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Dakota de Sud" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sooth_Dakota" title="Sooth Dakota – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sooth Dakota" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_e_Jugut" title="Dakota e Jugut – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dakota e Jugut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_d%C3%BB_Sud" title="Dakota dû Sud – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Dakota dû Sud" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8F%DA%A9%DA%BB_%DA%8A%DA%AA%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%A7" title="ڏکڻ ڊڪوٽا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڏکڻ ڊڪوٽا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEn%C3%A1_Dakota" title="Južná Dakota – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Južná Dakota" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Dakota" title="Južna Dakota – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Južna Dakota" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koonfur_Dakota" title="Koonfur Dakota – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Koonfur Dakota" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="داکۆتای باشوور – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="داکۆتای باشوور" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Јужна Дакота – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јужна Дакота" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Dakota" title="Južna Dakota – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Južna Dakota" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etel%C3%A4-Dakota" title="Etelä-Dakota – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etelä-Dakota" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE" title="தெற்கு டகோட்டா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தெற்கு டகோட்டா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Көньяк Дакота – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Көньяк Дакота" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2" title="รัฐเซาท์ดาโคตา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐเซาท์ดาโคตา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D2%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B1%D3%A3" title="Дакотаи Ҷанубӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дакотаи Ҷанубӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Dakota" title="Güney Dakota – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güney Dakota" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Південна Дакота – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Південна Дакота" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%A7" title="جنوبی ڈکوٹا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جنوبی ڈکوٹا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenubiy_Dakota_Shitati" title="Jenubiy Dakota Shitati – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Jenubiy Dakota Shitati" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Baihnamz" title="Dakota Baihnamz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Dakota Baihnamz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%81%94%E7%A7%91%E4%BB%96%E5%B7%9E" title="南達科他州 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="南達科他州" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%A7%91%E4%BB%96%E5%B7%9E" title="南达科他州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="南达科他州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2" title="דרום דעקאטע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דרום דעקאטע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BA%C3%BAs%C3%B9_Dakota" title="Gúúsù Dakota – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Gúúsù Dakota" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%81%94%E7%A7%91%E4%BB%96%E5%B7%9E" title="南達科他州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="南達科他州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakotay_Veroci" title="Dakotay Veroci – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Dakotay Veroci" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="South Dakota" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%97it%C5%AB_Dakota" title="Pėitū Dakota – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Pėitū Dakota" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%A7%91%E4%BB%96%E5%B7%9E" title="南达科他州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="南达科他州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Hulu" title="Dakota Hulu – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Dakota Hulu" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyso_Dakota" title="Nyso Dakota – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Nyso Dakota" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li 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