CINXE.COM

રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા (ભારત) - વિકિપીડિયા

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="gu" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા (ભારત) - વિકિપીડિયા</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )guwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["0\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\t7\t8\t9", "૦\t૧\t૨\t૩\t૪\t૫\t૬\t૭\t૮\t૯"],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","જાન્યુઆરી","ફેબ્રુઆરી","માર્ચ","એપ્રિલ","મે","જૂન","જુલાઇ","ઓગસ્ટ","સપ્ટેમ્બર","ઓક્ટોબર","નવેમ્બર","ડિસેમ્બર"],"wgRequestId":"800857da-c8bb-45bd-bbc8-14d45521cb6e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"રાષ્ટ્રીય_પ્રતિજ્ઞા_(ભારત)","wgTitle":"રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા (ભારત)","wgCurRevisionId":814391,"wgRevisionId":814391,"wgArticleId":742,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["કૃતિ","ભારતીય સંસ્કૃતિ","સમાજશાસ્ત્ર"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"gu","wgPageContentLanguage":"gu", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"રાષ્ટ્રીય_પ્રતિજ્ઞા_(ભારત)","wgRelevantArticleId":742,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"પ્રતિજ્ઞા_પત્ર","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"gu","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"gu"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":7000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)", "wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2723717","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready", "wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.AjaxQuickDelete","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=gu&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=gu&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=gu&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા (ભારત) - વિકિપીડિયા"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//gu.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="ફેરફાર કરો" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="વિકિપીડિયા (gu)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//gu.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.gu"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="વિકિપીડિયા એટમ ફીડ" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-રાષ્ટ્રીય_પ્રતિજ્ઞા_ભારત rootpage-રાષ્ટ્રીય_પ્રતિજ્ઞા_ભારત skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">લખાણ પર જાઓ</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="મુખ્ય મેનુ" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">મુખ્ય મેનુ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">મુખ્ય મેનુ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ભ્રમણ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A0" title="મુખ્ય પાના પર જાઓ [z]" accesskey="z"><span>મુખપૃષ્ઠ</span></a></li><li id="n-village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/વિકિપીડિયા:ચોતરો"><span>ચોતરો</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B" title="વિકિમાં હાલમાં થયેલ ફેરફારોની સૂચિ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>તાજા ફેરફારો</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%9A%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9B" title="કોઇ પણ એક લેખ બતાવો [x]" accesskey="x"><span>કોઈ પણ એક પાનું</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="શોધવા માટેની જગ્યા"><span>મદદ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="વિકિપીડિયા" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-gu.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-gu.svg" width="120" height="19" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A7" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>શોધો</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો" aria-label="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો" autocapitalize="sentences" title="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="વિશેષ:શોધ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">શોધો</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="વ્યક્તિગત સાધનો"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_gu.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=gu" class=""><span>દાન આપો</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%96%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8B&amp;returnto=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF+%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE+%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29" title="તમને ખાતું બનાવીને પ્રવેશ કરવા માટે આમંત્રણ છે; તેમ કરવું જોકે, આવશ્યક નથી" class=""><span>ખાતું બનાવો</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AD%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6&amp;returnto=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF+%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE+%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29" title="આપને પ્રવેશ કરવા ભલામણ કરવામાં આવે છે, જોકે તે આવશ્યક નથી [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>પ્રવેશ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="વધુ વિકલ્પો" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="વ્યક્તિગત સાધનો" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">વ્યક્તિગત સાધનો</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_gu.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=gu"><span>દાન આપો</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%96%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8B&amp;returnto=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF+%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE+%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29" title="તમને ખાતું બનાવીને પ્રવેશ કરવા માટે આમંત્રણ છે; તેમ કરવું જોકે, આવશ્યક નથી"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ખાતું બનાવો</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AD%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6&amp;returnto=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF+%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE+%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29" title="આપને પ્રવેશ કરવા ભલામણ કરવામાં આવે છે, જોકે તે આવશ્યક નથી [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>પ્રવેશ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%A6:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>વધુ જાણો</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>યોગદાનો</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BE" title="આ IP સરનામા દ્વારા થયેલ ફેરફારની ચર્ચા [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ચર્ચા</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eવિસર્જન\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"gu\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"background:#f5faff; border:1px solid #a7d7f9; margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:100%; font-size: 85%; padding: 0.5ex; text-align: center;\"\u003Eગુજરાતીમાં ટાઈપ કરવા માટે ડાબી બાજુના હાંસિયામાં (કે લેખની ઉપર) \u003Cb\u003Eભાષાઓ\u003C/b\u003E કે \u003Cb\u003ELanguages\u003C/b\u003E પર (કે તેની બાજુમાં રહેલા \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0:Cog-ULS-gear-latest.png\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Cog-ULS-gear-latest.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"14\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E પર) ક્લિક કરી Inputમાં ગુજરાતી હેઠળ તમને અનુકૂળ કીબોર્ડ પસંદ કરો.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="વિગતો" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">વિગતો</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">શરૂઆત</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ઉત્પત્તિ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ઉત્પત્તિ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">૧</span> <span>ઉત્પત્તિ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ઉત્પત્તિ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-પ્રતિજ્ઞા_પત્ર" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#પ્રતિજ્ઞા_પત્ર"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">૨</span> <span>પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્ર</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-પ્રતિજ્ઞા_પત્ર-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્ર subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-પ્રતિજ્ઞા_પત્ર-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ગુજરાતી_સંસ્કરણ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ગુજરાતી_સંસ્કરણ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">૨.૧</span> <span>ગુજરાતી સંસ્કરણ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ગુજરાતી_સંસ્કરણ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ઉપયોગ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ઉપયોગ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">૩</span> <span>ઉપયોગ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ઉપયોગ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-સંદર્ભ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#સંદર્ભ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">૪</span> <span>સંદર્ભ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-સંદર્ભ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-બાહ્ય_કડીઓ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#બાહ્ય_કડીઓ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">૫</span> <span>બાહ્ય કડીઓ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-બાહ્ય_કડીઓ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="વિગતો" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા (ભારત)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="બીજી ભાષાના લેખ પર જાઓ. આમાં પ્રાપ્ત છે: ૧૧ ભાષાઓ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">૧૧ ભાષાઓ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE_(%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4)" title="ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় প্ৰতিজ্ঞা (ভাৰত) – આસામી" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় প্ৰতিজ্ঞা (ভাৰত)" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="આસામી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE" title="भारतीय राष्ट्रीय प्रतिज्ञा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भारतीय राष्ट्रीय प्रतिज्ञा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_(%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4)" title="জাতীয় অঙ্গীকার (ভারত) – બાંગ્લા" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাতীয় অঙ্গীকার (ভারত)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="બાંગ્લા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Pledge_(India)" title="National Pledge (India) – અંગ્રેજી" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="National Pledge (India)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="અંગ્રેજી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE" title="भारतीय राष्ट्रीय प्रतिज्ञा – હિન્દી" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारतीय राष्ट्रीय प्रतिज्ञा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="હિન્દી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9E" title="ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ദേശീയപ്രതിജ്ഞ – મલયાલમ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ദേശീയപ്രതിജ്ഞ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="મલયાલમ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4)" title="राष्ट्रीय प्रतिज्ञा (भारत) – મરાઠી" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="राष्ट्रीय प्रतिज्ञा (भारत)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="મરાઠી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%80%E0%AD%9F_%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE" title="ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରୀୟ ପ୍ରତିଜ୍ଞା – ઉડિયા" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରୀୟ ପ୍ରତିଜ୍ଞା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ઉડિયા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86_(%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4)" title="ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਪ੍ਰਤਿੱਗਿਆ (ਭਾਰਤ) – પંજાબી" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਪ੍ਰਤਿੱਗਿਆ (ਭਾਰਤ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="પંજાબી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9E" title="భారత జాతీయ ప్రతిజ్ఞ – તેલુગુ" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భారత జాతీయ ప్రతిజ్ఞ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="તેલુગુ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%81" title="بھارتی قومی حلف – ઉર્દૂ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بھارتی قومی حلف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ઉર્દૂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2723717#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="આંતરવિકિભાષા કડીમાં ફેરફાર કરો" class="wbc-editpage">કડીઓમાં ફેરફાર કરો</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="નામાવકાશો"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)" title="સૂચિ વાળું પાનુ જુઓ [c]" accesskey="c"><span>લેખ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)" rel="discussion" title="અનુક્રમણિકાનાં પાના વિષે ચર્ચા [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ચર્ચા</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ગુજરાતી</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="દેખાવ"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)"><span>વાંચો</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit" title="આ પાનાંના સ્રોત કોડમાં ફેરફાર કરો [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=history" title="આ પાનાની અગાઉની આવૃત્તિઓ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ઇતિહાસ જુઓ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="સાધનો" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">સાધનો</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">સાધનો</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ક્રિયાઓ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)"><span>વાંચો</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit" title="આ પાનાંના સ્રોત કોડમાં ફેરફાર કરો [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=history"><span>ઇતિહાસ જુઓ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> સામાન્ય </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%9B%E0%AB%87%3F/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)" title="અહીં જોડાતા બધાં વિકિ પાનાઓની યાદી [j]" accesskey="j"><span>અહિયાં શું જોડાય છે</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)" rel="nofollow" title="આ પાના પરની કડીઓ વાળા લેખોમાં તાજેતરમાં થયેલા ફેરફારો [k]" accesskey="k"><span>સંબંધિત ફેરફારો</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82" title="બધા ખાસ પાનાંઓની યાદી [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ખાસ પાનાં</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;oldid=814391" title="પાનાનાં આ પુનરાવર્તનની સ્થાયી કડી"><span>સ્થાયી કડી</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=info" title="આ પાના વિષે વધુ માહિતી"><span>પાનાંની માહિતી</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:CiteThisPage&amp;page=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29&amp;id=814391&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="આ પાનાનો સંદર્ભ કઈ રીતે ટાંકવો તેની માહિતી"><span>આ પાનું ટાંકો</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25B7%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%259F%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AB%2580%25E0%25AA%25AF_%25E0%25AA%25AA%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25A4%25E0%25AA%25BF%25E0%25AA%259C%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%259E%25E0%25AA%25BE_%28%25E0%25AA%25AD%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25A4%29"><span>ટૂંકું URL મેળવો</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25B7%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%259F%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AB%2580%25E0%25AA%25AF_%25E0%25AA%25AA%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25A4%25E0%25AA%25BF%25E0%25AA%259C%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%259E%25E0%25AA%25BE_%28%25E0%25AA%25AD%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25A4%29"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> છાપો/નિકાસ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF+%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE+%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29"><span>પુસ્તક બનાવો</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF તરીકે ડાઉનલોડ કરો</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;printable=yes" title="આ પાનાની છાપવા માટેની આવૃત્તિ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>પાનું છાપો</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> અન્ય પ્રકલ્પોમાં </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:National_Pledge_(India)" hreflang="en"><span>વિકિમીડિયા કોમન્સ</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2723717" title="ડેટા રીપોઝીટરીમાંની વસ્તુને સંકળતી કડી [g]" accesskey="g"><span>વિકિડેટા વસ્તુ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">વિકિપીડિયામાંથી</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્ર">પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્ર</a> થી અહીં વાળેલું)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gu" dir="ltr"><p><b>રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા</b> એ પ્રજાસત્તાક <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4" title="ભારત">ભારત</a> પ્રત્યેની નિષ્ઠા દર્શાવતી પ્રતિજ્ઞા છે. સામાન્ય રીતે સાર્વજનિક કાર્યક્રમો, ખાસ કરીને શાળાઓમાં <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE_%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B8_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)" title="સ્વતંત્રતા દિવસ (ભારત)">સ્વાતંત્ર્ય દિવસ</a> તથા <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%95_%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A8_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)" title="પ્રજાસત્તાક દિન (ભારત)">પ્રજાસત્તાક દિવસ</a> જેવા રાષ્ટ્રીય પર્વોની ઉજવણી વખતે તેનું પઠન કરવામાં આવે છે. પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્રનો મુખ્ય ઉદ્દેશ દરેક નાગરિકને તેની નાગરિક તરીકેની ફરજો પ્રત્યે કટિબદ્ધ બનાવવાનો છે. આ પ્રતિજ્ઞાને સદાયને માટે યાદ રાખી અમલ કરવી, એ દરેક નાગરિકની ફરજ છે. આથી જ આ પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્રને શાળાઓના દરેક ધોરણના, દરેક વિષયના પાઠ્યપુસ્તકમાં શરૂઆતનાં પાનાઓમાં સ્થાન આપવામાં આવેલું છે તેમ જ દરરોજ આ પ્રતિજ્ઞાનું પઠન કરાવવામાં આવે છે. રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞાએ બંધારણનો ભાગ નથી. </p><p>રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞાની રચના મૂળ <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%81_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="તેલુગુ ભાષા">તેલુગુ ભાષામાં</a> ઈ.સ. ૧૯૬૨માં પી.વી.સુબ્બારાવ દ્વારા કરવામાં આવી હતી. તેનું સર્વપ્રથમ પઠન ૧૯૬૩માં <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%AE" title="વિશાખાપટનમ">વિશાખાપટનમની</a> એક શાળામાં કરવામાં આવ્યું હતું ત્યારબાદ ક્રમશ: અન્ય રાજ્યોમાં પણ તેના પઠનની શરૂઆત થઈ હતી. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ઉત્પત્તિ"><span id=".E0.AA.89.E0.AA.A4.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.AA.E0.AA.A4.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.A4.E0.AA.BF"></span>ઉત્પત્તિ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="પરિચ્છેદમાં ફેરફાર કરો: ઉત્પત્તિ"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્રની રચના તેલુગુ ભાષાના ઉલ્લેખનીય લેખક તેમજ બ્યુરોક્રેટ (નોકરશાહ) પૈદીમરી વેંકટા સુબ્બારાવ દ્વારા ૧૯૬૨માં વિશાખાપટનમ ખાતેના તેમના જીલ્લા કોષાલય અધિકારી તરીકેના કાર્યકાળ દરમિયાન કરવામાં આવી હતી. તેમણે પોતાની રચના તત્કાલીન વરિષ્ઠ કોંગ્રેસી નેતા તેનેટ્ટી વિશ્વનંદમ તથા શિક્ષણ મંત્રી પી.વી.જી. રાજુને પ્રસ્તુત કરી હતી. ૧૯૬૩થી દરેક રાજ્યોની શાળાઓમાં પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્રના પઠનની ક્રમશ: શરૂઆત થઈ હતી. જોકે પાઠ્યપુસ્તકોમાં આપવામાં આવતા પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્રમાં તેના રચયિતાનો કોઈ ઉલ્લેખ જોવા મળતો નથી. આથી તેઓ રાષ્ટ્રગીત કે રાષ્ટ્રીય ગાનના રચયિતા જેટલા જાણીતા નથી. ભારત સરકારના માનવ સંશાધન વિકાસ મંત્રાલયના દસ્તાવેજોમાં પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્રના રચયિતા તરીકે પી.વી.સુબ્બારાવનો ઉલ્લેખ જોવા મળે છે.<sup id="cite_ref-thehindu_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thehindu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>૧<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="પ્રતિજ્ઞા_પત્ર"><span id=".E0.AA.AA.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.B0.E0.AA.A4.E0.AA.BF.E0.AA.9C.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.9E.E0.AA.BE_.E0.AA.AA.E0.AA.A4.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.B0"></span>પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્ર</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="પરિચ્છેદમાં ફેરફાર કરો: પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્ર"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="poem"> <p>India is my country. All Indians are my Brothers and Sisters.<br /> I love my country and I am proud of its rich and varied heritage.<br /> I shall always strive to be worthy of it.<br /> I shall give my parents, teachers and all elders respect and treat everyone with courtesy.<br /> To my country and my people, I pledge my devotion.<br /> In their well being and prosperity alone, lies my happiness. </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ગુજરાતી_સંસ્કરણ"><span id=".E0.AA.97.E0.AB.81.E0.AA.9C.E0.AA.B0.E0.AA.BE.E0.AA.A4.E0.AB.80_.E0.AA.B8.E0.AA.82.E0.AA.B8.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.95.E0.AA.B0.E0.AA.A3"></span><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80" title="ગુજરાતી">ગુજરાતી</a> સંસ્કરણ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="પરિચ્છેદમાં ફેરફાર કરો: ગુજરાતી સંસ્કરણ"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="poem"> <p>ભારત મારો દેશ છે.<br /> બધા ભારતીયો મારા ભાઈ બહેનો છે.<br /> હું મારા દેશને ચાહું છું અને તેના સમૃદ્ધ અને વૈવિધ્યપૂર્ણ વારસાનો મને ગર્વ છે.<br /> હું સદાય તેને લાયક બનવા પ્રયત્ન કરીશ.<br /> હું મારા માતાપિતા શિક્ષકો અને વડીલો પ્રત્યે આદર રાખીશ અને દરેક જણ સાથે સભ્યતાથી વર્તીશ.<br /> હું મારા દેશ અને દેશબાંધવોને મારી નિષ્ઠા અર્પું છું.<br /> તેમના કલ્યાણ અને સમૃદ્ધિમાં જ મારું સુખ રહ્યું છે. </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ઉપયોગ"><span id=".E0.AA.89.E0.AA.AA.E0.AA.AF.E0.AB.8B.E0.AA.97"></span>ઉપયોગ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="પરિચ્છેદમાં ફેરફાર કરો: ઉપયોગ"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>સાર્વજનિક કાર્યક્રમો, ખાસ કરીને શાળાઓમાં તેમજ વિધાનસભાઓમાં સ્વાતંત્ર્ય દિવસ તથા પ્રજાસત્તાક દિવસ જેવા રાષ્ટ્રીય પર્વોની ઉજવણી વખતે તેનું પઠન કરવામાં આવે છે </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="સંદર્ભ"><span id=".E0.AA.B8.E0.AA.82.E0.AA.A6.E0.AA.B0.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.AD"></span>સંદર્ભ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="પરિચ્છેદમાં ફેરફાર કરો: સંદર્ભ"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r759898">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-thehindu-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-thehindu_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r821257">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3896153.ece?homepage=true">"The 'Pledge', now 50, is the pride of Telugus!"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. September 14, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&amp;rft.atitle=The+%27Pledge%27%2C+now+50%2C+is+the+pride+of+Telugus%21&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2FVisakhapatnam%2Farticle3896153.ece%3Fhomepage%3Dtrue&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF+%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE+%28%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="બાહ્ય_કડીઓ"><span id=".E0.AA.AC.E0.AA.BE.E0.AA.B9.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.AF_.E0.AA.95.E0.AA.A1.E0.AB.80.E0.AA.93"></span>બાહ્ય કડીઓ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="પરિચ્છેદમાં ફેરફાર કરો: બાહ્ય કડીઓ"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianmirror.com/geography/geo7.html#pledge">રાષ્ટ્રીય પ્રતિજ્ઞા પત્ર: ભારત</a> અંગ્રેજી ભાષામાં.</li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6d64f599dc‐crsvd Cached time: 20241202115702 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.101 seconds Real time usage: 0.127 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 133/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2159/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 134/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5716/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.051/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1856016/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 107.449 1 ઢાંચો:Reflist 100.00% 107.449 1 -total 77.35% 83.109 1 ઢાંચો:Cite_news 1.85% 1.988 1 ઢાંચો:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key guwiki:pcache:742:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241202115702 and revision id 814391. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=રાષ્ટ્રીય_પ્રતિજ્ઞા_(ભારત)&amp;oldid=814391">https://gu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=રાષ્ટ્રીય_પ્રતિજ્ઞા_(ભારત)&amp;oldid=814391</a>" થી મેળવેલ</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%93" title="વિશેષ:શ્રેણીઓ">શ્રેણીઓ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF" title="શ્રેણી:કૃતિ">કૃતિ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF" title="શ્રેણી:ભારતીય સંસ્કૃતિ">ભારતીય સંસ્કૃતિ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="શ્રેણી:સમાજશાસ્ત્ર">સમાજશાસ્ત્ર</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> આ પાનાંમાં છેલ્લો ફેરફાર ૨૦ ફેબ્રુઆરી ૨૦૨૨ના રોજ ૧૯:૦૫ વાગ્યે થયો.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">આ લખાણ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> હેઠળ ઉપલબ્ધ છે; વધારાની શરતો લાગુ પડી શકે છે. વધુ માહિતી માટે <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">વપરાશની શરતો</a> જુઓ.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">ગોપનિયતા નીતિ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%87">વિકિપીડિયા વિષે</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0">દાવેદારી ઇનકાર</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">આચારસંહિતા</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">ડેવલપર્સ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/gu.wikipedia.org">આંકડાકીય માહિતી</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">કૂકી માહિતી</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//gu.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">મોબાઈલ દેખાવ</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-79d9bc49cc-42qhs","wgBackendResponseTime":173,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.101","walltime":"0.127","ppvisitednodes":{"value":133,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":2159,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":134,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":5716,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 107.449 1 ઢાંચો:Reflist","100.00% 107.449 1 -total"," 77.35% 83.109 1 ઢાંચો:Cite_news"," 1.85% 1.988 1 ઢાંચો:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.051","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1856016,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6d64f599dc-crsvd","timestamp":"20241202115702","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0ab0\u0abe\u0ab7\u0acd\u0a9f\u0acd\u0ab0\u0ac0\u0aaf \u0aaa\u0acd\u0ab0\u0aa4\u0abf\u0a9c\u0acd\u0a9e\u0abe (\u0aad\u0abe\u0ab0\u0aa4)","url":"https:\/\/gu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE_(%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2723717","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2723717","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-07-27T21:24:06Z","dateModified":"2022-02-20T13:35:39Z"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10