2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack, Campaign C0025

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Check out the <a href='https://medium.com/mitre-attack/attack-v16-561c76af94cf'>blog post</a> for more information. </div> </div> </div> <div class="row flex-grow-1 flex-shrink-0">   <div class="sidebar nav sticky-top flex-column pr-0 pt-4 pb-3 pl-3" id="v-tab" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical"> <div class="resizer" id="resizer"></div>  <div id="sidebars"></div>  </div> <div class="tab-content col-xl-9 pt-4" id="v-tabContent"> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-attckmatrix" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-attckmatrix-tab"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/">Home</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/campaigns/">Campaigns</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</li> </ol> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v--tab"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xl-12"> <div class="jumbotron jumbotron-fluid"> <div class="container-fluid"> <h1>2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="description-body"> <p><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a> was a <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> campaign during which they used <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604">Industroyer</a> malware to target and disrupt distribution substations within the Ukrainian power grid. This campaign was the second major public attack conducted against Ukraine by <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a>.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="ESET Industroyer"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <div id="card-id" class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-12"> <span class="h5 card-title">ID: </span>C0025 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-12"> <span class="h5 card-title">First Seen: </span> <span>December 2016 <span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="ESET Industroyer"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-12"> <span class="h5 card-title">Last Seen: </span> <span>December 2016 <span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="ESET Industroyer"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-12"> <span class="h5 card-title">Version</span>: 1.0 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-12"> <span class="h5 card-title">Created: </span>31 March 2023 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-12"> <span class="h5 card-title">Last Modified: </span>10 April 2023 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-center pt-2 version-button permalink"> <div class="live"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Permalink to this version of C0025" href="/versions/v16/campaigns/C0025/" data-test-ignore="true">Version Permalink</a> </div> <div class="permalink"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Go to the live version of C0025" href="/campaigns/C0025/" data-test-ignore="true">Live Version</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="groups">Groups</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">G0034</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> </td> <td> <p><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020."data-reference="US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020"><sup><a href="https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-4') id="scite-ref-4-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik 2019, August 15 CRASHOVERRIDE: Reassessing the 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Event as a Protection-Focused Attack Retrieved. 2019/10/22 "data-reference="Joe Slowik August 2019"><sup><a href="https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="3" aria-describedby="qtip-3">[4]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>  <div class="dropdown h3 mt-3 float-right"> <button class="btn btn-navy dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <b>ATT&CK<sup>®</sup> Navigator Layers</b> </button> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton"> <h6 class="dropdown-header">Enterprise Layer</h6> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/versions/v16/campaigns/C0025/C0025-enterprise-layer.json" download target="_blank">download</a>  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#" id="view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise" target="_blank">view <img width="10" src="/versions/v16/theme/images/external-site-dark.jpeg"></a> <script src="/versions/v16/theme/scripts/settings.js"></script> <script> if (window.location.protocol == "https:") { //view on navigator only works when this site is hosted on HTTPS var layerURL = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + base_url + "campaigns/C0025/C0025-enterprise-layer.json"; document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise").href = "https://mitre-attack.github.io/attack-navigator//#layerURL=" + encodeURIComponent(layerURL); } else { //hide button document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise").classList.add("d-none"); } </script> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <h6 class="dropdown-header">ICS Layer</h6> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/versions/v16/campaigns/C0025/C0025-ics-layer.json" download target="_blank">download</a>  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#" id="view-layer-on-navigator-ics" target="_blank">view <img width="10" src="/versions/v16/theme/images/external-site-dark.jpeg"></a> <script src="/versions/v16/theme/scripts/settings.js"></script> <script> if (window.location.protocol == "https:") { //view on navigator only works when this site is hosted on HTTPS var layerURL = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + base_url + "campaigns/C0025/C0025-ics-layer.json"; document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-ics").href = "https://mitre-attack.github.io/attack-navigator//#layerURL=" + encodeURIComponent(layerURL); } else { //hide button document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-ics").classList.add("d-none"); } </script> </div> </div>  <h2 class="pt-3 mb-2" id="techniques">Techniques Used</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table techniques-used background table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Domain</th> <th class="p-2" colspan="2">ID</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Name</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Use</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1098">T1098</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1098">Account Manipulation</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used the <code>sp_addlinkedsrvlogin</code> command in MS-SQL to create a link between a created account and other servers in the network.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1110">T1110</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1110">Brute Force</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used a script to attempt RPC authentication against a number of hosts.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">T1059</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/001">PowerShell</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used PowerShell scripts to run a credential harvesting tool in memory to evade defenses.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/003">.003</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/003">Windows Command Shell</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used the <code>xp_cmdshell</code> command in MS-SQL.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/005">.005</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1059/005">Visual Basic</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> created VBScripts to run on an SSH server.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1554">T1554</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1554">Compromise Host Software Binary</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used a trojanized version of Windows Notepad to add a layer of persistence for <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604">Industroyer</a>.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="ESET Industroyer"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1136">T1136</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1136">Create Account</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> added a login to a SQL Server with <code>sp_addlinkedsrvlogin</code>.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1136/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1136/002">Domain Account</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> created two new accounts, "admin" and "褋懈褋褌械屑邪" (System). The accounts were then assigned to a domain matching local operation and were delegated new privileges.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1543">T1543</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1543/003">.003</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1543">Create or Modify System Process</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1543/003">Windows Service</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used an arbitrary system service to load at system boot for persistence for <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604">Industroyer</a>. They also replaced the ImagePath registry value of a Windows service with a new backdoor binary. <span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-5') id="scite-ref-5-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Dragos Inc.. (2017, June 13). CRASHOVERRIDE Analysis of the Threat to Electric Grid Operations. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2017"><sup><a href="https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="4" aria-describedby="qtip-4">[5]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562">T1562</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562">Impair Defenses</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1562/002">Disable Windows Event Logging</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> disabled event logging on compromised systems.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1570">T1570</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1570">Lateral Tool Transfer</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used <code>move</code> to transfer files to a network share.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036">T1036</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/005">.005</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036">Masquerading</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/005">Match Legitimate Name or Location</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, DLLs and EXEs with filenames associated with common electric power sector protocols were used to masquerade files.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-5') id="scite-ref-5-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Dragos Inc.. (2017, June 13). CRASHOVERRIDE Analysis of the Threat to Electric Grid Operations. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2017"><sup><a href="https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="4" aria-describedby="qtip-4">[5]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/008">.008</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036">Masquerading</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/008">Masquerade File Type</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> masqueraded executables as <code>.txt</code> files.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/010">.010</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036">Masquerading</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1036/010">Masquerade Account Name</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> created two new accounts, "admin" and "褋懈褋褌械屑邪" (System).<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027">T1027</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027">Obfuscated Files or Information</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used heavily obfuscated code with <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604">Industroyer</a> in its Windows Notepad backdoor.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="ESET Industroyer"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1027/002">Software Packing</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used UPX to pack a copy of <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0002">Mimikatz</a>.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1003">T1003</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1003/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1003">OS Credential Dumping</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1003/001">LSASS Memory</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0002">Mimikatz</a> to capture and use legitimate credentials.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1021">T1021</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1021/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1021">Remote Services</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1021/002">SMB/Windows Admin Shares</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> utilized <code>net use</code> to connect to network shares.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1018">T1018</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1018">Remote System Discovery</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> checked for connectivity to resources within the network and used LDAP to query Active Directory, discovering information about computers listed in AD.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1505">T1505</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1505/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1505">Server Software Component</a>: <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1505/001">SQL Stored Procedures</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used various MS-SQL stored procedures.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1047">T1047</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1047">Windows Management Instrumentation</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, WMI in scripts were used for remote execution and system surveys. <span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique ics" id="ics"> <td> ICS </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0807">T0807</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0807">Command-Line Interface</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> supplied the name of the payload DLL to <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604">Industroyer</a> via a command line parameter.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="ESET Industroyer"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique ics" id="ics"> <td> ICS </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0867">T0867</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0867">Lateral Tool Transfer</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used a VBS script to facilitate lateral tool transfer. The VBS script was used to copy ICS-specific payloads with the following command: <code>cscript C:\Backinfo\ufn.vbs C:\Backinfo\101.dll C:\Delta\101.dll</code><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique ics" id="ics"> <td> ICS </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0849">T0849</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0849">Masquerading</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> transferred executable files as .txt and then renamed them to .exe, likely to avoid detection through extension tracking.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique ics" id="ics"> <td> ICS </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0886">T0886</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0886">Remote Services</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used MS-SQL access to a pivot machine, allowing code execution throughout the ICS network.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique ics" id="ics"> <td> ICS </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0853">T0853</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0853">Scripting</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> utilized VBS and batch scripts for file movement and as wrappers for PowerShell execution.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique ics" id="ics"> <td> ICS </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0859">T0859</a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T0859">Valid Accounts</a> </td> <td> <p>During the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0034">Sandworm Team</a> used valid accounts to laterally move through VPN connections and dual-homed systems.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="software">Software</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604"> S0604 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604"> Industroyer </a> </td> <td> <p>Within the <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/campaigns/C0025">2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack</a>, <a href="/versions/v16/software/S0604">Industroyer</a> was used to target and disrupt the Ukrainian power grid substation components.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="Dragos Crashoverride 2018"><sup><a href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020."data-reference="ESET Industroyer"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="references">References</h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <ol> <li> <span id="scite-1" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-1" href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Win32_Industroyer.pdf" target="_blank"> Anton Cherepanov. (2017, June 12). Win32/Industroyer: A new threat for industrial controls systems. Retrieved December 18, 2020. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-2" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-2" href="https://www.dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE2018.pdf" target="_blank"> Joe Slowik. (2018, October 12). Anatomy of an Attack: Detecting and Defeating CRASHOVERRIDE. Retrieved December 18, 2020. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-3" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-3" href="https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download" target="_blank"> Scott W. Brady. (2020, October 15). United States vs. Yuriy Sergeyevich Andrienko et al.. Retrieved November 25, 2020. </a> </span> </span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="col"> <ol start="4.0"> <li> <span id="scite-4" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-4" href="https://dragos.com/wp-content/uploads/CRASHOVERRIDE.pdf" target="_blank"> Joe Slowik 2019, August 15 CRASHOVERRIDE: Reassessing the 2016 Ukraine Electric Power Event as a Protection-Focused Attack Retrieved. 2019/10/22 </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-5" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-5" href="https://dragos.com/blog/crashoverride/CrashOverride-01.pdf" target="_blank"> Dragos Inc.. (2017, June 13). CRASHOVERRIDE Analysis of the Threat to Electric Grid Operations. 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