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</audio> <button class="pure-button p_button" style=" display: inline;" type="button" onclick="audf_play_pause()"> 🔊  </button> <script> function audf_play_pause() { var myAudiof = document.getElementById("myAudio_f"); if (myAudiof.paused) { myAudiof.play(); } else { myAudiof.pause(); }} </script></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main">  <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <a href="#" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-heading">▸▸</a> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇬🇧 Iodine</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇺🇦 Йод</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇨🇳 碘</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇳🇱 Jood</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇫🇷 Iode</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇩🇪 Iod</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇱 יוד</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇹 Iodio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇯🇵 ヨウ素</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇵🇹 Iodo</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇪🇸 Yodo</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇸🇪 Jod</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇷🇺 Иод</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="google_navbar_positioning"> <form action="https://www.google.com" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-9334432533380510:6223510783"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <input type="text" name="q" size="28"> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"> </div> </form> <script> </script> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <h1 class="p">Iodine - <sub><small>53</small></sub>I: reactions of elements</h1> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <ul class="pure-menu-list z_menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a href="../iodine/" class="pure-menu-link">▸▸ I Essentials</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/physics.html">Physical properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/atoms.html">Electron shell data</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/atom_sizes.html">Atom sizes</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/electronegativity.html">Electronegativity</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/isotopes.html" >Isotopes and NMR</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/crystal_structure.html">Crystal structure</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/thermochemistry.html">Thermochemistry</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/history.html">History</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/uses.html">Uses</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/geology.html">Geology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/biology.html">Biology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/compounds.html">Binary compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/compound_properties.html" >Compound properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/chemistry.html">Element reactions</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../iodine/contents.html">List all I properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="p">Reaction of iodine with air</h2> <p class="p_first">Iodine, I<sub>2</sub> is not reactive towards with oxygen, O<sub>2</sub>, or nitrogen, N<sub>2</sub>. However, iodine does react with ozone, O<sub>3</sub>, the second allotrope of oxygen, to form the unstable yellow I<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub>, the nature of which is perhaps I(IO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of iodine with water</h2> <p class="p_first">Iodine, I<sub>2</sub>, reacts with water to produce hypoiodite, OI<sup>-</sup>. The position of the equilibrium depends very much upon the pH of the solution.</p> <p class="equation">I<sub>2</sub>(l) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) ⇌ OI<sup>-</sup>(aq) + 2H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + I<sup>-</sup>(aq)</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of iodine with the halogens</h2> <p class="p_first">Iodine, I<sub>2</sub>, reacts with fluorine, F<sub>2</sub>, at room temperature to form the pentafluoride iodine(V) fluoride. At 250°C the same reaction affords the heptafluoride iodine(VII) fluoride. With careful control of the reaction conditions, (-45°C, suspension in CFCl<sub>3</sub>), it is posible to isolate the trifluoride iodine(III) fluoride. </p> <p class="equation">I<sub>2</sub>(s) + 5F<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2IF<sub>5</sub>(l) [colourless]</p> <p class="equation">I<sub>2</sub>(g) + 7F<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2IF<sub>7</sub>(g) [colourless]</p> <p class="equation">I<sub>2</sub>(s) + 3F<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2IF<sub>3</sub>(s) [yellow]</p> <p>Iodine, I<sub>2</sub>, reacts with bromine, Br<sub>2</sub>, form the very unstable, low melting solid, interhalogen species iodine(I) bromide.</p> <p class="equation">I<sub>2</sub>(s) + Br<sub>2</sub>(l) → 2IBr(s) </p> <p>Iodine reacts with chlorine at -80°C with excess liquid chlorine to form "iodine trichloride", iodine (III) chloride, actually I<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>6</sub>. Iodine reacts with chlorine in the presence of water to form iodic acid.</p> <p class="equation">I<sub>2</sub>(s) + 3Cl<sub>2</sub>(l) + I<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>6</sub>(s) [yellow]</p> <p class="equation">I<sub>2</sub>(s) + 6H<sub>2</sub>O(l) + 5Cl<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2HIO<sub>3</sub>(s) + 10HCl(g)</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of iodine with acids</h2> <p class="p_first">Iodine reacts with hot concentrated nitric acid to form iodic acid. The iodic acid crystallizes out on cooling</p> <p class="equation">3I<sub>2</sub>(s) + 10HNO<sub>3</sub>(aq) → 6HIO<sub>3</sub>(s) + 10NO(g) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O(l)</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of iodine with bases</h2> <p class="p_first">Iodine, I<sub>2</sub>, reacts with hot aqueous alkali to produce iodate, IO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>. 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