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Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 kalbų</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivocal" title="Semivocal – asturianų" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Semivocal" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturianų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hantervogalenn" title="Hantervogalenn – bretonų" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hantervogalenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivocal" title="Semivocal – katalonų" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Semivocal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%DA%86%DB%95_%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="نیمچە دەنگدار – soranių kurdų" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نیمچە دەنگدار" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranių kurdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lledlafariad" title="Lledlafariad – valų" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lledlafariad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvvokal" title="Halvvokal – danų" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Halvvokal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halbvokal" title="Halbvokal – vokiečių" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Halbvokal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivowel" title="Semivowel – anglų" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Semivowel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duonvokalo" title="Duonvokalo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Duonvokalo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocoide_no_sil%C3%A1bico" title="Vocoide no silábico – ispanų" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vocoide no silábico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolvokaal" title="Poolvokaal – estų" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Poolvokaal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%87" title="نیم‌واکه – persų" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیم‌واکه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-voyelle" title="Semi-voyelle – prancūzų" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Semi-voyelle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prancūzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivogal" title="Semivogal – galisų" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Semivogal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lhangz%C3%B3" title="Félhangzó – vengrų" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Félhangzó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="vengrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivokal" title="Semivokal – indoneziečių" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Semivokal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1lfs%C3%A9rhlj%C3%B3%C3%B0" title="Hálfsérhljóð – islandų" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hálfsérhljóð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E6%AF%8D%E9%9F%B3" title="半母音 – japonų" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="半母音" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EB%AA%A8%EC%9D%8C" title="반모음 – korėjiečių" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="반모음" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korėjiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Полусамогласка – makedonų" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Полусамогласка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halfklinker" title="Halfklinker – olandų" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Halfklinker" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvvokal" title="Halvvokal – naujoji norvegų" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Halvvokal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="naujoji norvegų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvvokal" title="Halvvokal – norvegų bukmolas" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Halvvokal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegų bukmolas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%B3%C5%82g%C5%82oska_p%C3%B3%C5%82otwarta" title="Spółgłoska półotwarta – lenkų" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Spółgłoska półotwarta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lenkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivogal" title="Semivogal – portugalų" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Semivogal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivocal%C4%83" title="Semivocală – rumunų" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Semivocală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Полугласные – rusų" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Полугласные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semivowel" title="Semivowel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Semivowel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvvokal" title="Halvvokal – švedų" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Halvvokal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusuirabu" title="Nusuirabu – suahilių" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nusuirabu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahilių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Напівголосний звук – ukrainiečių" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Напівголосний звук" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimeye_cossoune" title="Dimeye cossoune – valonų" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Dimeye cossoune" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半元音 – kinų" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="半元音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q757410#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Keisti tarpkalbines nuorodas" class="wbc-editpage">Keisti nuorodas</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vardų sritys"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pusbalsiai" title="Rodyti puslapio turinį [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Straipsnis</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aptarimas:Pusbalsiai&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Puslapio turinio aptarimas (puslapis neegzistuoja) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Aptarimas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Straipsnis iš Vikipedijos, laisvosios enciklopedijos.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lt" dir="ltr"><p><b>Pusbalsiai</b> – <a href="/wiki/Kalbos_garsas" title="Kalbos garsas">garsai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fonetika" title="Fonetika">fonetiškai</a> panašūs į <a href="/wiki/Balsis" title="Balsis">balsius</a>, tačiau funkcionuojantys ne kaip <a href="/wiki/Skiemuo" title="Skiemuo">skiemens</a> branduolys, o kaip jo riba:<sup id="cite_ref-Ladefoged323_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ladefoged323-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pagal apibrėžimą, pusbalsiai nesudaro skiemens; be to, paprastai jie trumpesni už balsius.<sup id="cite_ref-Crystal_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crystal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Lietuvi%C5%B3_kalba" title="Lietuvių kalba">Lietuvių kalboje</a> tikrųjų balsių vietoj tariami neskiemeniniai, atskiro skiemens nesudarantys garsai, pusbalsiai ⟨i̯⟩ ir ⟨ṷ⟩, kai balsiai [ɪ], [ʊ] eina antruoju <a href="/wiki/Dvigarsis" title="Dvigarsis">dvibalsio</a> dėmeniu: <i>darai̯</i> 'darai', <i>daraṷ</i> 'darau'.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taip pat lietuvių kalboje vartojamas pusbalsis [j] (<i>jau</i>). Vis dėlto lietuvių literatūroje terminai „<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonantai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonantai (puslapis neegzistuoja)">sonantai</a>“, „<a href="/wiki/Sklandieji_priebalsiai" title="Sklandieji priebalsiai">sklandieji priebalsiai</a>“ ir „pusbalsiai“ neretai vartojami kaip <a href="/wiki/Sinonimas" title="Sinonimas">sinonimai</a>, tokiu atveju aprėpiant žymiai didesnę priebalsių grupę nei minėta.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pusbalsiai yra <a href="/wiki/Aproksimantas" class="mw-redirect" title="Aproksimantas">aproksimantų</a> pogrupis.<sup id="cite_ref-Crystal_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crystal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nors „pusbalsis“ ir „aproksimantas“ kartais vartojami kaip sinonimai,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dauguma autorių terminą „pusbalsis“ taiko žymiai siauresnei garsų serijai; nėra visuotinai priimto apibrėžimo, ir į tam tikrus atvejus kalbininkai žvelgia skirtingai. Pavyzdžiui, P. Lagefogedas ir J. Madisonas <a href="/wiki/L%C5%ABp%C5%B3_dantiniai_priebalsiai" title="Lūpų dantiniai priebalsiai">lūpų dantinio</a> aproksimanto [ʋ] nelaiko pusbalsiu.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pusbalsiai">Pusbalsiai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pusbalsiai&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Pusbalsiai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pusbalsiai&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Pusbalsiai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Toliau pateikti keturi savo simbolius turintys pusbalsiai ir juos atitinkantys balsiai:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Pusbalsis (neskiemeninis garsas) </th> <th>Balsis (skiemeninis garsas) </th></tr> <tr> <td>[j] (<a href="/wiki/Palatalizacija" title="Palatalizacija">palatalinis</a> aproksimantas) </td> <td>[i] (beveik <a href="/wiki/Prie%C5%A1akin%C4%97s_eil%C4%97s_balsiai" title="Priešakinės eilės balsiai">priešakinis</a> nesulūpintas balsis) </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ɥ] (lūpinis palatalinis aproksimantas) </td> <td>[y] (beveik priešakinis sulūpintas balsis) </td></tr> <tr> <td>[ɰ] (gomurinis aproksimantas) </td> <td>[ɯ] (beveik <a href="/wiki/U%C5%BEpakalin%C4%97s_eil%C4%97s_balsiai" title="Užpakalinės eilės balsiai">užpakalinis</a> nesulūpintas balsis) </td></tr> <tr> <td>[w] (<a href="/wiki/Labioveliariniai_priebalsiai" title="Labioveliariniai priebalsiai">lūpų gomurinis</a> aproksimantas) </td> <td>[u] (beveik užpakalinis sulūpintas balsis) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Be šių, kai kurie kalbininkai<sup id="cite_ref-Ladefoged323_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ladefoged323-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotiniai_priebalsiai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotiniai priebalsiai (puslapis neegzistuoja)">rotinius</a> aproksimantus [ɹ], [ɻ] laiko pusbalsiais, atitinkančiais <a href="/w/index.php?title=Retrofleksiniai_balsiai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retrofleksiniai balsiai (puslapis neegzistuoja)">retrofleksinius balsius</a>, pavyzdžiui, [ɚ]. Nesulūpintas liežuvio vidurinis, gomurio <a href="/wiki/Viduriniai_priebalsiai" title="Viduriniai priebalsiai">vidurinis</a> pusbalsis [j̈] (arba [j˗]), atitinkantis balsį [ɨ], <a href="/wiki/Angl%C5%B3_kalba" title="Anglų kalba">anglų kalboje</a> nėra dažnai vartojamas, o sulūpintas pusbalsis [ẅ] (arba [w̟]), atitinkantis balsį [ʉ], įprastas <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ved%C5%B3_kalba" title="Švedų kalba">švedų</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Norveg%C5%B3_kalba" title="Norvegų kalba">norvegų</a> kalbose. <a href="/wiki/Priebalsis" title="Priebalsis">Priebalsiai</a> [l], [r], [h] kartais irgi vadinami pusbalsiais.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Išnašos"><span id="I.C5.A1na.C5.A1os"></span>Išnašos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pusbalsiai&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Išnašos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pusbalsiai&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Išnašos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ladefoged323-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ladefoged323_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ladefoged323_1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). [ The Sounds of the World’s Languages. Oxford: Blackwell, p. 322 <a href="/wiki/Specialus:Knyg%C5%B3_%C5%A1altiniai/0631198156" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-631-19815-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crystal-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Crystal_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Crystal_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Crystal, David (2008), A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics (6th ed.), Blackwell, p. 431–432 <a href="/wiki/Specialus:Knyg%C5%B3_%C5%A1altiniai/9781405152976" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-5297-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7182515">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFZinkevičius1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Zigmas_Zinkevi%C4%8Dius" title="Zigmas Zinkevičius">Zinkevičius, Z.</a> (1994). <i>Lietuvių kalbos dialektologija</i>. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidykla. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Specialus:Knyg%C5%B3_%C5%A1altiniai/5-420-00778-9" title="Specialus:Knygų šaltiniai/5-420-00778-9"><bdi>5-420-00778-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lietuvi%C5%B3+kalbos+dialektologija&rft.place=Vilnius&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Mokslo+ir+enciklopedij%C5%B3+leidykla&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=5-420-00778-9&rft.aulast=Zinkevi%C4%8Dius&rft.aufirst=Z.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flt.wikipedia.org%3APusbalsiai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7182515"><cite id="CITEREFR._Kliukienė" class="citation web cs1">R. Kliukienė (2012-12-04, red. 2018-09-10). T. Paulauskytė (red.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/sonantai/">„Sonantai“</a>. <a href="/wiki/VLE" class="mw-redirect" title="VLE">VLE</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Nuoroda tikrinta <span class="nowrap">2024-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sonantai&rft.pub=VLE&rft.au=R.+Kliukien%C4%97&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vle.lt%2Fstraipsnis%2Fsonantai%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flt.wikipedia.org%3APusbalsiai" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablonas:Cite_web" title="Šablonas:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment">Patikrinkite date reikšmes: <code class="cs1-code">|date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagalba:CS1_klaidos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagalba:CS1 klaidos (puslapis neegzistuoja)">pagalba</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martínez Celdrán, Eugenio (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100711150125/http://www.ub.edu/labfon/Approximants-2.pdf">„Problems in the Classification of Approximants“</a>, <i>Journal of the International Phonetic Association</i>, 34 (2): 201–210</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Meyer, Paul Georg (2005), Synchronic English Linguistics: An Introduction (third ed.), Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, p.101 <a href="/wiki/Specialus:Knyg%C5%B3_%C5%A1altiniai/9783823361916" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-8233-6191-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). [ The Sounds of the World’s Languages. Oxford: Blackwell, p.323 <a href="/wiki/Specialus:Knyg%C5%B3_%C5%A1altiniai/0631198156" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-631-19815-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martínez Celdrán, Eugenio (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100711150125/http://www.ub.edu/labfon/Approximants-2.pdf">„Problems in the Classification of Approximants“</a>, <i>Journal of the International Phonetic Association</i>, 34 (2): 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martínez Celdrán, Eugenio (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100711150125/http://www.ub.edu/labfon/Approximants-2.pdf">„Problems in the Classification of Approximants“</a>, <i>Journal of the International Phonetic Association</i>, 34 (2): 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7182515"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200224093711/https://gigabaza.ru/doc/48172-pall.html">„Фонетика и произношение“</a>. <i>gigabaza.ru</i> (rusų). Suarchyvuotas <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gigabaza.ru/doc/48172-pall.html">originalas</a> 2020-02-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Nuoroda tikrinta <span class="nowrap">2024-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gigabaza.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgigabaza.ru%2Fdoc%2F48172-pall.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flt.wikipedia.org%3APusbalsiai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7182515"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200224093710/https://studfile.net/preview/3846203/page:6/">„Дифтонги“</a>. <i>studfile.net</i> (rusų). Suarchyvuotas <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studfile.net/preview/3846203/page:6/">originalas</a> 2020-02-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Nuoroda tikrinta <span class="nowrap">2024-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=studfile.net&rft.atitle=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstudfile.net%2Fpreview%2F3846203%2Fpage%3A6%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flt.wikipedia.org%3APusbalsiai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rodomas puslapis "<a dir="ltr" href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pusbalsiai&oldid=7401191">https://lt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pusbalsiai&oldid=7401191</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Kategorijos" title="Specialus:Kategorijos">Kategorijos</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fonetika" title="Kategorija:Fonetika">Fonetika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fonologija" title="Kategorija:Fonologija">Fonologija</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Paslėptos kategorijos: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:CS1_klaidos:_datos" title="Kategorija:CS1 klaidos: datos">CS1 klaidos: datos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Puslapiai,_naudojantys_ISBN_magi%C5%A1kas_nuorodas" title="Kategorija:Puslapiai, naudojantys ISBN magiškas nuorodas">Puslapiai, naudojantys ISBN magiškas nuorodas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Šis puslapis paskutinį kartą keistas 7 spalio 2024 19:28.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekstas pateikiamas pagal <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike Licenciją</a>; gali būti taikomos papildomos sąlygos. 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