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Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Tobruk+%28vestingwerk%29" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Galerij" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galerij"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Galerij</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galerij-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tobruk (vestingwerk)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 8 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringstand" title="Ringstand – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ringstand" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobruk_(kindlustis)" title="Tobruk (kindlustis) – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tobruk (kindlustis)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobrouk_(fortification)" title="Tobrouk (fortification) – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tobrouk (fortification)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobr%C3%BBk_(festingwurk)" title="Tobrûk (festingwurk) – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tobrûk (festingwurk)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobruk_(bunker)" title="Tobruk (bunker) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tobruk (bunker)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobruks" title="Tobruks – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tobruks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringstand_58c" title="Ringstand 58c – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ringstand 58c" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA_(%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80)" title="Тобрук (бункер) – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тобрук (бункер)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q471359#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tobruk_(vestingwerk)" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overleg:Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Overleg over deze pagina (de pagina bestaat niet) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalvariant wijzigen" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nederlands</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergaven"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tobruk_(vestingwerk)"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&action=history" title="Eerdere versies van deze pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hulpmiddelen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Meer opties" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handelingen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tobruk_(vestingwerk)"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&action=history"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Tobruk_(vestingwerk)" title="Lijst met alle pagina's die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Tobruk_(vestingwerk)" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas" title="Lijst met alle speciale pagina's [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciale pagina's</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&oldid=67553591" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze pagina"><span>Paginagegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Citeren&page=Tobruk_%28vestingwerk%29&id=67553591&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informatie over hoe u deze pagina kunt citeren"><span>Deze pagina citeren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTobruk_%28vestingwerk%29"><span>Verkorte URL verkrijgen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTobruk_%28vestingwerk%29"><span>QR-code downloaden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Afdrukken/exporteren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Tobruk+%28vestingwerk%29"><span>Boek aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Tobruk_%28vestingwerk%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>Downloaden als PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tobruk_(bunker)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q471359" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p>Een <b>Tobruk</b> (soms ook geschreven als <b>Tobroek</b>) is een soort <a href="/wiki/Bunker_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Bunker (verdedigingswerk)">bunker</a>. De naam is afgeleid van de plaats <a href="/wiki/Tobroek" title="Tobroek">Tobroek</a> in <a href="/wiki/Libi%C3%AB" title="Libië">Libië</a>, waar deze bouwwerken in 1941 voor het eerst werden gebouwd door het <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italiaanse</a> leger. </p><p>Later werd het model, een gewapende betonnen gevechtsruimte met een 8-hoekig of rond gat aan de bovenzijde, overgenomen door de Duitsers en zo vanaf 1942 in <a href="/wiki/Europa_(werelddeel)" title="Europa (werelddeel)">Europa</a> geïntroduceerd. De geallieerden gaven het betonnen bouwwerk de naam tobruk, maar bij de Duitsers stond deze bekend als <i>Bauform</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-SDTUB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDTUB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Het standaardmodel was de Vf58 en deze kwam in verschillende versies met een machinegeweer, <a href="/wiki/Mortier_(wapen)" title="Mortier (wapen)">mortier</a> of met een kleine tankkoepel erop gemonteerd.<sup id="cite_ref-SDTUB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDTUB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De bunker was zo'n 3,7 meter lang, 2,4 meter breed en 2,75 meter diep.<sup id="cite_ref-SDTUB_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDTUB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De bunker werd meestal door twee personen bemand, en deed meestal dienst als observatiepost of <a href="/wiki/Mitrailleur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitrailleur">mitrailleurnest</a> met een mortierstandaard. Voor het mortier was het gat aan de bovenzijde groter en er was ook een extra ruimte voor de opslag van de <a href="/wiki/Projectiel" title="Projectiel">projectielen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SDTUB_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDTUB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Het bouwwerk kwam voor als losstaande constructie, maar ook als onderdeel van een grotere bunker. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerij">Galerij</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Galerij" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobruk_(vestingwerk)&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Galerij"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Tobruk_structure.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Formaten tobruk"><img alt="Formaten tobruk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Tobruk_structure.jpg/106px-Tobruk_structure.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Tobruk_structure.jpg/159px-Tobruk_structure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Tobruk_structure.jpg/212px-Tobruk_structure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="698" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Formaten tobruk</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Esempio_di_costruzione_di_un_Tobruk.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tobruk in aanbouw"><img alt="Tobruk in aanbouw" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Esempio_di_costruzione_di_un_Tobruk.jpg/180px-Esempio_di_costruzione_di_un_Tobruk.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Esempio_di_costruzione_di_un_Tobruk.jpg/270px-Esempio_di_costruzione_di_un_Tobruk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Esempio_di_costruzione_di_un_Tobruk.jpg/360px-Esempio_di_costruzione_di_un_Tobruk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="688" data-file-height="455" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tobruk in aanbouw</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-263-1580-05,_Atlantikwall,_Soldaten_der_Legion_%22Freies_Indien%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gevechtsklaar"><img alt="Gevechtsklaar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-263-1580-05%2C_Atlantikwall%2C_Soldaten_der_Legion_%22Freies_Indien%22.jpg/180px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-263-1580-05%2C_Atlantikwall%2C_Soldaten_der_Legion_%22Freies_Indien%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-263-1580-05%2C_Atlantikwall%2C_Soldaten_der_Legion_%22Freies_Indien%22.jpg/270px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-263-1580-05%2C_Atlantikwall%2C_Soldaten_der_Legion_%22Freies_Indien%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-263-1580-05%2C_Atlantikwall%2C_Soldaten_der_Legion_%22Freies_Indien%22.jpg/360px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-263-1580-05%2C_Atlantikwall%2C_Soldaten_der_Legion_%22Freies_Indien%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="543" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gevechtsklaar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Tobruk-Stand_am_Panzerwerk_717.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Ingegraven tobruk"><img alt="Ingegraven tobruk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tobruk-Stand_am_Panzerwerk_717.JPG/180px-Tobruk-Stand_am_Panzerwerk_717.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tobruk-Stand_am_Panzerwerk_717.JPG/270px-Tobruk-Stand_am_Panzerwerk_717.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tobruk-Stand_am_Panzerwerk_717.JPG/360px-Tobruk-Stand_am_Panzerwerk_717.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ingegraven tobruk</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Tobruk_Westwall_Elmpt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uitgegraven"><img alt="Uitgegraven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Tobruk_Westwall_Elmpt.jpg/180px-Tobruk_Westwall_Elmpt.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Tobruk_Westwall_Elmpt.jpg/270px-Tobruk_Westwall_Elmpt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Tobruk_Westwall_Elmpt.jpg/360px-Tobruk_Westwall_Elmpt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Uitgegraven</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:AFtRammekens_(11)_Duits_Tobruk.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tobruk uit 1942, type Regelbau 201, op Fort Rammekens"><img alt="Tobruk uit 1942, type Regelbau 201, op Fort Rammekens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/AFtRammekens_%2811%29_Duits_Tobruk.jpg/180px-AFtRammekens_%2811%29_Duits_Tobruk.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/AFtRammekens_%2811%29_Duits_Tobruk.jpg/270px-AFtRammekens_%2811%29_Duits_Tobruk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/AFtRammekens_%2811%29_Duits_Tobruk.jpg/360px-AFtRammekens_%2811%29_Duits_Tobruk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1360" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tobruk uit 1942, type Regelbau 201, op <a href="/wiki/Fort_Rammekens" title="Fort Rammekens">Fort Rammekens</a> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SDTUB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-SDTUB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SDTUB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SDTUB_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SDTUB_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Strijdbewijs <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.strijdbewijs.nl/hinder/bunkers.htm">BAUFORM Vf58 DE ‘RINGSTAND’, TOBRUK</a>, geraadpleegd op 19 mei 2024</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style 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title="Acces">acces</a> · <a href="/wiki/Affuit" title="Affuit">affuit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Approche" title="Approche">approche</a> · <a href="/wiki/Arsenaal_(gebouw)" title="Arsenaal (gebouw)">arsenaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Banket_(vesting)" title="Banket (vesting)">banket</a> · <a href="/wiki/Barbacane" title="Barbacane">barbacane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Barbette" title="Barbette">barbette</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bastion_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bastion (hoofdbetekenis)">bastion</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bastei_(vesting)" title="Bastei (vesting)">bastei</a> · <a href="/wiki/Batterij_(militair)" title="Batterij (militair)">batterij</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bedekte_weg" title="Bedekte weg">bedekte weg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beer_(dam)" title="Beer (dam)">beer</a> · <a href="/wiki/Berm_(vesting)" title="Berm (vesting)">berm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Blokhuis_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Blokhuis (verdedigingswerk)">blokhuis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bolwerk_(bouwwerk)" title="Bolwerk (bouwwerk)">bolwerk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Borstwering_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Borstwering (verdedigingswerk)">borstwering</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bres_(vesting)" title="Bres (vesting)">bres</a> · <a href="/wiki/Buitenwerk" title="Buitenwerk">buitenwerk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bunker_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Bunker (verdedigingswerk)">bunker</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bonnet-traverse" title="Bonnet-traverse">bonnet-traverse</a> · <a href="/wiki/Caponni%C3%A8re" title="Caponnière">caponnière</a> · <a href="/wiki/Circumvallatielinie_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Circumvallatielinie (verdedigingswerk)">circumvallatielinie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Citadel_(bouwwerk)" title="Citadel (bouwwerk)">citadel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contravallatielinie" title="Contravallatielinie">contravallatielinie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contre-approche" title="Contre-approche">contre-approche</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contrefoss%C3%A9" title="Contrefossé">contrefossé</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contregarde" title="Contregarde">contregarde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Coupure_(waterbouwkunde)" title="Coupure (waterbouwkunde)">coupure</a>· <a href="/wiki/Escarpe" title="Escarpe">contrescarpe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Courtine" title="Courtine">courtine</a> · <a href="/wiki/Couvre-face" title="Couvre-face">couvre-face</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cunette" title="Cunette">cunette</a> · <a href="/wiki/Damsluis_(inundatie)" title="Damsluis (inundatie)">damsluis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dienst_der_Fortificati%C3%ABn" title="Dienst der Fortificatiën">Dienst der Fortificatiën</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ravelijn" title="Ravelijn">demi-lune</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dwingel" title="Dwingel">dwingel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Enveloppe_(vesting)" title="Enveloppe (vesting)">enveloppe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erkertoren" title="Erkertoren">erkertoren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Escarpe" title="Escarpe">escarpe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Face_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Face (verdedigingswerk)">face</a> · <a href="/wiki/Onderwal" title="Onderwal">faussebraye</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flank_(vesting)" title="Flank (vesting)">flank</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%A8che" title="Flèche">flèche</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fort_(vesting)" title="Fort (vesting)">fort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gracht_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracht (hoofdbetekenis)">fossé</a> · <a href="/wiki/Glacis_(vesting)" title="Glacis (vesting)">glacis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gracht_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracht (hoofdbetekenis)">gracht</a> · <a href="/wiki/Halve_maan_(vesting)" title="Halve maan (vesting)">halve maan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hamei" title="Hamei">hamei</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hoornwerk" title="Hoornwerk">hoornwerk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Inundatie" title="Inundatie">inundatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Inundatiekanaal" title="Inundatiekanaal">inundatiekanaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Inundatiesluis" title="Inundatiesluis">inundatiesluis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Italiaans_vestingstelsel" title="Italiaans vestingstelsel">Italiaans vestingstelsel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kat_(vesting)" title="Kat (vesting)">kat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kazemat" title="Kazemat">kazemat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Keel_(vesting)" title="Keel (vesting)">keel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroonwerk" title="Kroonwerk">kroonwerk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kruithuis" title="Kruithuis">kruithuis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Landpoort" title="Landpoort">landpoort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Linie" title="Linie">linie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lunet" title="Lunet">lunet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mezekouw" title="Mezekouw">mezekouw</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nieuw_Nederlands_Vestingstelsel" title="Nieuw Nederlands Vestingstelsel">Nieuw Nederlands Vestingstelsel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Onderwal" title="Onderwal">onderwal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ontmanteling" title="Ontmanteling">ontmanteling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opril" title="Opril">opril</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oud-Nederlands_vestingstelsel" title="Oud-Nederlands vestingstelsel">Oud-Nederlands vestingstelsel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Palissade" title="Palissade">palissade</a> · <a href="/wiki/Papenmuts" title="Papenmuts">papenmuts</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plongee" title="Plongee">plongee</a> · <a href="/wiki/Polygonaal_stelsel" title="Polygonaal stelsel">polygonaal stelsel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Poortgebouw" title="Poortgebouw">poortgebouw</a> · <a href="/wiki/Poterne" title="Poterne">poterne</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pulvertoren" title="Pulvertoren">pulvertoren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ravelijn" title="Ravelijn">ravelijn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Redan_(vestingwerk)" title="Redan (vestingwerk)">redan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Redoute" title="Redoute">redoute</a> · <a href="/wiki/Reduit" title="Reduit">reduit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Retranchement_(vestingwerk)" title="Retranchement (vestingwerk)">retranchement</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rondeel_(vesting)" title="Rondeel (vesting)">rondeel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saillant_(krijgskunde)" title="Saillant (krijgskunde)">saillant</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sas_(vuurwerk)" title="Sas (vuurwerk)">sas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schans_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Schans (verdedigingswerk)">schans</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schietgat" title="Schietgat">schietgat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schilderhuis" title="Schilderhuis">schilderhuis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schootsveld" title="Schootsveld">schootsveld</a> · <a href="/wiki/Singel_(gracht)" title="Singel (gracht)">singel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sortie" title="Sortie">sortie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stadsmuur" title="Stadsmuur">stadsmuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stadspoort" title="Stadspoort">stadspoort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tamboer_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Tamboer (verdedigingswerk)">tamboer</a> · <a href="/wiki/Terreplein" title="Terreplein">terreplein</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tenaille" title="Tenaille">tenaille</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">tobruk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Torenfort" title="Torenfort">torenfort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Traverse_(vesting)" title="Traverse (vesting)">traverse</a> · <a href="/wiki/Valhek" title="Valhek">valhek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verdedigingswerk" title="Verdedigingswerk">verdedigingswerk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vesting_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Vesting (verdedigingswerk)">vesting</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vestingstad" title="Vestingstad">vestingstad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Voorwerk_(vesting)" title="Voorwerk (vesting)">voorwerk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stadswal" title="Stadswal">wal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Walstraat_(vesting)" title="Walstraat (vesting)">walstraat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Waltoren_(vestingwerk)" title="Waltoren (vestingwerk)">waltoren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wapenplaats" title="Wapenplaats">wapenplaats</a> · <a href="/wiki/Waterlinie" title="Waterlinie">waterlinie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Waterpoort" title="Waterpoort">waterpoort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Weermuur" title="Weermuur">weermuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wolfskuil_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Wolfskuil (verdedigingswerk)">wolfskuil</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zwaluwstaart_(vesting)" title="Zwaluwstaart (vesting)">zwaluwstaart</a> </p> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img 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