CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html class="page_auteur auteur_defaut composition_defaut ltr en no-js" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://www.concurrences.com/"> <script type='text/javascript'>/*<![CDATA[*/(function(H){H.className=H.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js')})(document.documentElement);/*]]>*/</script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Vitaly Pruzhansky - Concurrences</title> <style type='text/css'>img.adapt-img{max-width:100%;height:auto;}.adapt-img-wrapper {display:inline-block;max-width:100%;position:relative;background-position:center;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;line-height:1px;overflow:hidden}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic{display:block}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic::before{content:'';display:block;height:0;width:100%;}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic img{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:auto;}.adapt-img-wrapper.loading:not(.loaded){background-size: cover;}@media (min-width:320.5px){.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic-desktop{display:block}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic-desktop::before{content:'';display:block;height:0;width:100%;}.adapt-img-wrapper.intrinsic-desktop img{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:auto;}}.adapt-img-background{width:100%;height:0}@media print{html .adapt-img-wrapper{background:none}}</style> <script type='text/javascript'>/*<![CDATA[*/var adaptImgDocLength=51260;adaptImgAsyncStyles="picture.adapt-img-wrapper{background-size:0;}";adaptImgLazy=false;(function(){function d(a){var b=document.documentElement;b.className=b.className+" "+a}function f(a){var b=window.onload;window.onload="function"!=typeof window.onload?a:function(){b&&b();a()}}document.createElement("picture");adaptImgLazy&&d("lazy");var a=!1;if("undefined"!==typeof window.performance)a=window.performance.timing,a=(a=~~(adaptImgDocLength/(a.responseEnd-a.connectStart)))&&50>a;else{var c=navigator.connection||navigator.mozConnection||navigator.webkitConnection;"undefined"!==typeof c&& (a=3==c.type||4==c.type||/^[23]g$/.test(c.type))}a&&d("aislow");var e=function(){var a=document.createElement("style");a.type="text/css";a.innerHTML=adaptImgAsyncStyles;var b=document.getElementsByTagName("style")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b);window.matchMedia||window.onbeforeprint||beforePrint()};"undefined"!==typeof jQuery?jQuery(function(){jQuery(window).on('load',e)}):f(e)})();/*]]>*/</script>  <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Vitaly Pruzhansky" href="en/page/backend/?id_auteur=1026" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="https://www.concurrences.com/squelettes/img/logo/favicon/favicon.svg" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" sizes="32x32" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/38/eb53752304d66f157aaf81b9ef6dd6.ico" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" sizes="48x48" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/2b/0d54d963c60e773622ff95e0b4c182.ico" /> <link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/b8/42ed8c8a24f31e702c68b2aa6f69ba.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-gd2/05/6ca8b6d4c932f8e13bf741535dd98e.png" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var _paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://matomo.concurrences.com/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '1']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.defer=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="generator" content="SPIP 4.3.6" /> <meta name="bingbot" content="nocache" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Subscribe to the whole site" href="en/page/backend/" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel='stylesheet' href='local/cache-css/711518be0950de3f132f173c7288d383.css?1739528760' type='text/css' /> <script>window.MathJaxLib='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-chtml.js';window.MathJax={ startup: { elements: ['.spip-math'] }, tex: { inlineMath: [['$', '$']] }, svg: { fontCache: 'global' } };</script><script type='text/javascript'>var var_zajax_content='content';</script><script> var mediabox_settings={"auto_detect":true,"ns":"box","tt_img":true,"sel_g":"#documents_portfolio a[type='image\/jpeg'],#documents_portfolio a[type='image\/png'],#documents_portfolio a[type='image\/gif']","sel_c":".mediabox","str_ssStart":"Slideshow","str_ssStop":"Stop","str_cur":"{current}\/{total}","str_prev":"Previous","str_next":"Next","str_close":"Close","str_loading":"Loading\u2026","str_petc":"Press \u2019Esc\u2019 to close","str_dialTitDef":"Dialogue box","str_dialTitMed":"Media display","splash_url":"","lity":{"skin":"_simple-dark","maxWidth":"90%","maxHeight":"90%","minWidth":"400px","minHeight":"","slideshow_speed":"2500","opacite":"0.8","defaultCaptionState":"expanded"}}; </script>  <style>p.spip-math {margin:1em 0;text-align: center}</style> <script type='text/javascript' src='local/cache-js/9b1ba158db77f2905b22acf5bd21a29e.js?1738764942'></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> window.spipConfig ??= {}; spipConfig.select2 ??= {}; spipConfig.select2.selector ??= ''; </script><script src="https://cdn.nuclia.cloud/nuclia-chat-widget.umd.js"></script><link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.concurrences.com/oembed.api/?format=json&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.concurrences.com%2Fen%2Fauthors%2Fvitaly-pruzhansky" /> <script>var error_on_ajaxform='Ooops. An unexpected error prevented to submit the form. You can try again.';</script>   <link rel="schema.DC" href="https://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <link rel="schema.DCTERMS" href="https://purl.org/dc/terms/" /> <meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" /> <meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /> <meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /> <meta name="DC.Title" lang="en" content="Vitaly Pruzhansky – Concurrences" /> <meta name="DC.Date.Modified" content="2025-02-15" /> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky" /> <meta name="DC.Publisher" content="Concurrences" /> <meta name="DC.Source" content="https://www.concurrences.com" /> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Concurrences" /> <meta name="DC.Subject" content="Economist" />  <meta property="og:rich_attachment" content="true" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Concurrences" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Vitaly Pruzhansky – Concurrences" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_EN" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-vignettes/L1200xH630/7ae2722b3ddfb5f927bb739b0738b4-884ae.svg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/svg" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-02-15" /> <meta property="article:author" content="Concurrences" /> <meta property="article:tag" content="Economist" />  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Vitaly Pruzhansky – Concurrences" /> <meta name="twitter:dnt" content="on" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.concurrences.com/local/cache-vignettes/L506xH253/7cd9bf9b9d1b777020738a88f919ee-60186.svg?1737454770" /> </head> <body> <div class="page" id="page"> <header id="header" class="page-header" data-idc-header-sticky role="banner"> <section id="header-main" class="page-header__main"> <div id="header-logo" class="page-header__logo"> <a rel="start home" href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/" title="Home"> <img src='squelettes/img/logo/concurrences.svg?1734617112' alt='Concurrences' width='2000' height='800' /> </a> </div> <nav id="header-aside1" class="page-header__aside page-header__aside_1"> <span class="social social_links"> <a class="social__icon social__icon_bluesky" href="https://bsky.app/profile/concurrences.bsky.social" title="Visit our Bluesky page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_bluesky-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Bluesky (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/institute-of-competition-law-icl-institut-de-droit-de-la-concurrence-idc-" title="Visit our Linkedin page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_linkedin-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Linkedin (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/ConcurrencesReview" title="Visit our Youtube page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_youtube-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Youtube (opens a new window)</span> </a> </span> <span class="lang"> <a href='/en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky#' title='Passer à la version française' onclick='window.location.href='https://www.concurrences.com/spip.php?action=switch_lang&var_lang=fr&redirect=%2Fen%2Fauthors%2Fvitaly-pruzhansky';'>Fr</a> | <strong class="on active">En</strong> </span> <span class="about"> <a href="en/institute" title="About Concurrences"><em class="idc-icon idc-icon_info" aria-hidden></em> <span class="about__label">About</span></a> </span> </nav> <nav id="header-aside2" class="page-header__aside page-header__aside_2"> <button class="btn btn_primary btn_nuclia btn_nuclia_trigger btn_sm" onclick="if(jQuery.modalbox){ jQuery.modalbox( 'en/page/ai/?var_zajax=content&sidebar=1', { sideBar: 'end', type: 'ajax', onOpen: (el) => { el.target.setAttribute('id', 'ask__sidebar') } } ) return false }" > <span class="idc-icon idc-icon_ai-ask idc-icon_size-lg" aria-hidden></span> <span class="btn__label visually-hidden">Concurrences Ai</span><span class="idc-icon idc-icon_ai-suffixe idc-icon_size-lg" aria-hidden></span> </button> <a href="en/page/subscribe/" class="tem newsletter"><em class="idc-icon idc-icon_mail" aria-hidden></em> <span>Newsletter</span></a> <a href="en/page/login/" class="item popin link-popin-login"><em class="idc-icon idc-icon_log-in" aria-hidden></em> <span>Sign in</span></a> <a href="en/page/cart/" class="item"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_shopping-cart" aria-hidden></em> <span>Cart</span> </a> <button class="item search hide" onclick="jQuery('#header-search').toggleClass('visible');return false;"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_search" aria-hidden></em> </button> </nav> </section> <section id="header-nav" class="page-header__nav"> <nav class="navbar navbar-responsive"> <div class="menu-conteneur navbar-inner container-fluid"> <a class="btn btn-navbar navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse-main"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></a> <div class="nav-collapse navbar-collapse nav-collapse-main collapse"><ul class="menu-liste menu-items navbar-nav nav" data-depth="0"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/bulletin/" class="menu-items__lien">Bulletin</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/review/" class="menu-items__lien">Review</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/events/" class="menu-items__lien">Events</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique"> <a href="en/all-books/" class="menu-items__lien">Books</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_badge"> <a href="en/dictionary/" class="menu-items__lien">Dictionary <small>Free</small></a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/podcasts" class="menu-items__lien">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_lien"> <a href="https://awards.concurrences.com" class="menu-items__lien">Awards</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item-primary"> <a href="en/abonnements/" class="menu-items__lien">Subscriptions</a> </li> </ul></div></div> </nav> </section> <section id="header-search" class="page-header__search searchbar"> <hr> <div class="searchbar-item searchbar-item_ai"> <button class="btn btn_primary btn_nuclia btn_nuclia_trigger" onclick="if(jQuery.modalbox){ jQuery.modalbox( 'en/page/ai/?var_zajax=content&sidebar=1', { sideBar: 'end', type: 'ajax', onOpen: (el) => { el.target.setAttribute('id', 'ask__sidebar') } } ) return false }" > <span class="idc-icon idc-icon_ai-ask idc-icon_size-lg" aria-hidden></span> <span class="btn__label visually-hidden">Concurrences Ai</span><span class="idc-icon idc-icon_ai-suffixe idc-icon_size-lg" aria-hidden></span> </button> </div> <div class="searchbar-item searchbar-item_search"> <div class="searchbar-inner"> <div class="formulaire_spip formulaire_recherche form-search"> <form action="en/page/recherche/#" method="get"><div> <label for="recherche" class="over offscreen">Search:</label> <div class="input-append input-group input-group-text-search"> <input type="text" class="search text search-query form-control" name="recherche" id="recherche" accesskey="4" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" placeholder="Type your search…"/> <span class="btn-group input-group-btn"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" > <i class="picto picto-search"></i> <span>Search</span> </button> </span> </div> </div></form> </div> </div> </div> </section> </header> <nav class="breadcrumb-wrapper" id="breadcrumb-wrapper" role="navigation"> <div class="container"> <ul class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="https://www.concurrences.com/">Home</a><span class="divider"> > </span></li> <li><a href="en/page/authors/">Authors</a><span class="divider"> > </span></li> <li class="active"><span>Vitaly Pruzhansky</span></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="central" id="central"> <div class="banner-top" id="banner-top"> <div class="container"> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper" id="wrapper"> <div class="container"> <main class="content primary" id="content" role="main"> <div class="author vcard" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <section class="section section_primary section_presentation"> <div class="section__container"> <div class="row presentation-auteur"> <div class="col-xs-3 col-md-2 col-logo"> <div class="col-inner"> <img src="local/cache-vignettes/L200xH200/vitaly_pruzhansky-modified-5ab04.png?1711363759" class='spip_logo spip_logo_auteur spip_logos' width='200' height='200' alt="" itemprop='image' /> <div class="social-links"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/vitaly-pruzhansky-6621ab299/"><em class="idc-icon idc-icon_linkedin-fill" aria-hidden></em> Linkedin</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-9 col-md-7"> <div class="col-inner"> <header class="cartouche"> <span class="logo-organisation"><a href='http://www.rbbecon.com' target='_blank' rel='noopener'><img src='local/cache-vignettes/L100xH100/unknown-1-39944.jpg?1714495513' alt='RBB Economics (Brussels)' width='50' height='50' /></a></span> <div class="logo-auteur-rwd"> <img src="local/cache-vignettes/L200xH200/vitaly_pruzhansky-modified-5ab04.png?1711363759" class='spip_logo spip_logo_auteur spip_logos' width='200' height='200' alt="" itemprop='image' /> </div> <h1 class="fn" itemprop="name">Vitaly Pruzhansky </h1> <div class="institution">RBB Economics (Brussels)</div> <div class="role"> <span class="fonction">Partner</span> </div> </header> <div class="main"> <div class="crayon contact-descriptif-927 texte descriptif"><p>Vitaly Pruzhansky is a Partner in RBB’s Brussels office. He has over 15 years of consulting experience, spanning a wide range of competition policy matters. Vitaly has worked on mergers and acquisitions raising both horizontal and vertical issues and advised companies under the European Articles 101 and 102 provisions, as well as their national analogues. His clients come from a broad range of sectors, including banking and insurance, chemicals, consumer electronics, energy, FMCG, industrial consumables, metals and mining, telecommunications and media, military equipment, pharmaceuticals and medical devices, software and transport.</p></div> <div class="p"> <a href="/en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky#contact" class="btn btn-contact btn-contact-rwd btn-primary-border popin pull-left" data-href-popin="#contact">Contact</a> <div class="social-links social-links-rwd pull-right"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/vitaly-pruzhansky-6621ab299/"> Linkedin</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3 col-aside"> <div class="liste auteurs co-auteurs"> <h2>Linked authors</h2> <div class="liste-items liste-items-well"> <div class='ajaxbloc' data-ajax-env='1+X/QlK9u5A7x4IQJYTXGGLtN8kaD89jCxCGFWkCiGDENpUyrH576MkOC+4bh/BURZLVV8xPsoJ1gn0mve6qbqYrOV34iXjZAG5Bra7o01O9eT8qOsdLpewQH38d5uKTc+cnyRzmZiH1icUMw6XKxUmITkdBhPJ7rZzRETLgSXV/o6vp3E+w7jb0SINAtwsF2spu2zqOlNT1tgvKNliAL5A6xmPDHf4no1CvvMSbp37Uan7ZAsGgAcFhG0xf0QUsoY6sQGxioA==' data-origin="/en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky"> <div class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/auteur/Leonie-Bensted" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:35px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L70xH69/auton683-76448.jpg?1711359375) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Leonie Bensted</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">RBB Economics (London)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">United Kingdom</span> <span class="articles"><em>1</em> contribution</span> <span class="visites"><em>4979</em> visits</span> </div> </div></div> <div class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/auteur/Simon-Bishop" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:35px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L70xH69/auton1058-59fb6.jpg?1711359375) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Simon Bishop</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">RBB Economics (London)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">United Kingdom</span> <span class="articles"><em>3</em> contributions</span> <span class="visites"><em>2464</em> visits</span> </div> </div></div> <div class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/authors/michael-dietrich-1898" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:35px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L70xH69/auton1898-1ae15.jpg?1711359375) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Michael Dietrich</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">RBB Economics (Düsseldorf)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">Germany</span> <span class="articles"><em>3</em> contributions</span> <span class="visites"><em>3050</em> visits</span> </div> </div></div> <div class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/authors/benoit-durand" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:35px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L70xH70/benoit_durand_040823_1_-08b79.jpg?1732555096) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Benoît Durand</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">RBB Economics (Brussels)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">Belgium</span> <span class="articles"><em>23</em> contributions</span> <span class="visites"><em>41583</em> visits</span> </div> </div></div> <div class="item"><div class="entry auteur" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <strong class="entry-title"> <a href="en/auteur/Christian-Ehmer" itemprop="url"> <span class='logo-img-wrapper spip_logo' style="width:35px;"><span class="img" style="display:block;position:relative;height:0;width:100%;padding-bottom:100%;overflow:hidden;background:url(local/cache-vignettes/L70xH70/christian_ehmer_1-d80e7.jpg?1711365220) no-repeat center;background-size:100%;"> </span></span> <span itemprop="name" class="nom">Christian Ehmer</span></a> </strong> <div class="entry-content"> <span class='organisation' itemprop="worksFor" itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization">RBB Economics (London)</span> </div> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="pays">Germany</span> <span class="articles"><em>2</em> contributions</span> <span class="visites"><em>6239</em> visits</span> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section section_primary section_events"> <div class="section__container"> <div class="section__content"> <h2 class="content-inner-title"><span> <span class="small visites"><i class="picto picto-eye"></i> 598</span> <span class="sep">|</span> Events</span></h2> <div class="list list_events list_events_articles list_cols3"> <div class="list__items"> <div class="list__item"> <article class="preview preview_event preview_event_article preview_event_simple ratio_5-3" id="evenement_5043" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Event" > <header class="preview__header"> <span itemprop="name" class="preview__heading crayon article-titre-97367 "> <a itemprop="url" class="url" href="en/events/antitrust-and-developing-economies-in-an-era-of-crisis-webinar-1-growing-cross"> Antitrust and Developing Economies in an Era of Crises - Webinar #1: Growing Cross-Border Challenges and New Life for Public Interests and Industrial Policy </a> </span> </header> <div class="preview__img"> <picture class="adapt-img-wrapper c827650256 jpg" style="background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgNzUwIDUwMCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayI+CjxmaWx0ZXIgaWQ9ImJsdXIiPjxmZUdhdXNzaWFuQmx1ciBzdGREZXZpYXRpb249IjcuNSA3LjUiIC8+PC9maWx0ZXI+CjxpbWFnZSBmaWx0ZXI9InVybCgjYmx1cikiIHdpZHRoPSI3NTAiIGhlaWdodD0iNTAwIiB4bGluazpocmVmPSJkYXRhOmltYWdlL2pwZWc7YmFzZTY0LC85ai80QUFRU2taSlJnQUJBUUVBWUFCZ0FBRC8vZ0E3UTFKRlFWUlBVam9nWjJRdGFuQmxaeUIyTVM0d0lDaDFjMmx1WnlCSlNrY2dTbEJGUnlCMk5qSXBMQ0J4ZFdGc2FYUjVJRDBnTkRZSy85c0FRd0FSREEwUERRc1JEdzRQRXhJUkZSb3JIQm9ZR0JvMUppZ2ZLejgzUWtFK056dzdSVTVqVkVWSlhrczdQRloyVjE1bmFtOXdiME5UZW9ONWJJSmpiVzlyLzlzQVF3RVNFeE1hRnhvekhCd3phMGM4UjJ0cmEydHJhMnRyYTJ0cmEydHJhMnRyYTJ0cmEydHJhMnRyYTJ0cmEydHJhMnRyYTJ0cmEydHJhMnRyYTJ0cmEydHIvOEFBRVFnQVFBQmdBd0VpQUFJUkFRTVJBZi9FQUI4QUFBRUZBUUVCQVFFQkFBQUFBQUFBQUFBQkFnTUVCUVlIQ0FrS0MvL0VBTFVRQUFJQkF3TUNCQU1GQlFRRUFBQUJmUUVDQXdBRUVRVVNJVEZCQmhOUllRY2ljUlF5Z1pHaENDTkNzY0VWVXRId0pETmljb0lKQ2hZWEdCa2FKU1luS0NrcU5EVTJOemc1T2tORVJVWkhTRWxLVTFSVlZsZFlXVnBqWkdWbVoyaHBhbk4wZFhaM2VIbDZnNFNGaG9lSWlZcVNrNVNWbHBlWW1acWlvNlNscHFlb3FhcXlzN1MxdHJlNHVickN3OFRGeHNmSXljclMwOVRWMXRmWTJkcmg0dVBrNWVibjZPbnE4Zkx6OVBYMjkvajUrdi9FQUI4QkFBTUJBUUVCQVFFQkFRRUFBQUFBQUFBQkFnTUVCUVlIQ0FrS0MvL0VBTFVSQUFJQkFnUUVBd1FIQlFRRUFBRUNkd0FCQWdNUkJBVWhNUVlTUVZFSFlYRVRJaktCQ0JSQ2thR3h3UWtqTTFMd0ZXSnkwUW9XSkRUaEpmRVhHQmthSmljb0tTbzFOamM0T1RwRFJFVkdSMGhKU2xOVVZWWlhXRmxhWTJSbFptZG9hV3B6ZEhWMmQzaDVlb0tEaElXR2g0aUppcEtUbEpXV2w1aVptcUtqcEtXbXA2aXBxckt6dExXMnQ3aTV1c0xEeE1YR3g4akp5dExUMU5YVzE5aloydUxqNU9YbTUranA2dkx6OVBYMjkvajUrdi9hQUF3REFRQUNFUU1SQUQ4QTd5aXN6WE5ZaDBlejgxeHZsYmlPUFAzai9oWG5ONzRnMVc2bk1rbDVLZ0o0U0ppaWo4QlFCNnpSWGxsbnIrcGFjNlNSM01rc1E2eHlzV1VqMDU2VjZOcE9wUWF0WXBkVytRRzRaVDFWdTROQUYyaXVhMVhYSnBOUmJUN0I5bmw4U3lqazU5QlUxdkZjRUJ6Y1NsdlV1VFFCdjBWbXBxQnQ1SW9ycHNpUTdWazlENkd0S2dCR1pVVXN4Q3FCa2s5cWdhL3RFY0kxekVHSXlBWEZjZDRuMTVwNTVMT0ZsOGxHeGtkV09NSFB0MXJtbmxMRGFEd0tBUFcxa2pjWlIxYjZITlByeVZMdVNKaGgyVWowTmR4NFYxaVhVSXBJcHlHTVFHRzduUHJRQmcrS0dlKzFDUjg1U1A1RUhzUC9BSzlZc09tdGRYTVZ1aHd6bkpQb283MW92ZEJ0MmZ3cWJUR01VMTVkUnh5dTBZV0pQTFVIR2V2SjQ5S0FMa2VoV2FRZVN5RnUyNDlhaDBPNWZRdFN2YlQ3d01iT29QQVloU3luOUNLMDkxMUpZTmNJR0o1d01BTWNmcFdSY1FUelhXazNGeENVRWt5d1M1ZmNjTWVoUDUvblFCbTZMZEJycHBwNUFHZGl6RW5ybmsvclhhSmVRUVFySTB3OG85R0hJcmpOTXMwdDd5ZUM2TzFyZG1WZ1JrSEI2MTBHaWZaMjBOWTI1UXV6S0Y2am5QQW9BME5TZExpd01zSkVnUWh4eDF4LzlhcmQvcVF0TkFOeVYzTnRDQlcvdmRPYWlpRnNZQWtXM1lSemppcVhpeU40L0RjYWtjK2NDMzQ1b0E0amMxeE9RQVNTYzU5UHJXcEZwaGxrUkVraVpSZ3NRMkNQWGlxdWlCV3ZtVHNVOWE2ZUtBUnlSOG5MTms1T2FBT1oxQ3lFVXhDU3FNRGxkM0lwbWxYY2x0ZHJ0a2RFTERmdE9Eak5iMGtBYU1ubmpnOCsvcFhMeHh2TGQ3WStwWWdZK3RBRWx3K3k0VlRubVJhNi9SWllvUERTemhOenUwa2g0Ni9NZjZBVnlXb0tKZktuVG93REg2LzVOYlhocS9nZlRoWTNXUEx5VjUva2Y4OTZBT2tGMlk3ZUNHWUlreEFMRGVPUHdySWE4ZVZiR04yaWtEYWhDRWtqT1E0RFp6K1FyUnV2S2kyZVhjeFEyNEFCVUVCY2Z5cmpyL1dIdWRhVzRzc2VYYWttREk0WWdmZXgrSDVBVUFkUDR1MDBMTU5RUmNSeUtJcDJYK0U1K1Z2NmZsV2ZvdHZzaDJOdVRrajVJOXAvR3VkazFqVTladW80cnk4a2RHUDNCOHErM0E0cnB0S3ROVWptRnZNcEp3TnBYa0VlcFBhZ0RVc2xOb3hNckFSeG5jN24wSEpQNVZ0NmpheGFocDAwRGdPam9TcEhQUFlpdWU4VVREVHRKK3lodDF6ZC9LeEhaUDR2NkQ4YTVqVFBFTjVvMGlpRmpMYjUrYUZ6eCtIcFFCVXRITnBmOGpESmtFVjBqdE5MR2pySmlQT1FxcmtqSGJOV0RjYVg0bnZDa2R0NU53YmNzWkhYRFp5T09PdVBYM3JOZlQ5VDB0eWtiL3V6empHUitGQURacHBMYTBPOThnNXh4Zy9qVTNoRFNYdTcwWGtpTUlZbTNCdXpNRHdCVWVtMlgyalV2UDFVN3JTTG1UZDA5cysyYTlCaGlqZ2lXS0ZGampVWVZWR0FLQVBNdFRoanM3NDJTRStWdERMem5nMVdzNHZJY3VRU3JZL0Exdlh1a1c5M2RMTTBqcVMyMXY4QVo5QitQclZxMTBxT0dUbHNwemdZNkNnREZ2OEFUL090RmprYmJKSTN5azhESUhUOWFnMG16Wk5WampkQjhnSWs5TWtFVjIwbGpETkZza0c1YXpiZTBGbHJWekd1V2pualdRRnVjTmtnajlNMEFjbzJtclphZ3NpcVJIRVpBNHowS2pJL01FZmthMlBDTjVjUTM1dXA4dEZjbkZ3NVBDRS9kSjlzOGUyYXM2NWFlYllYeFQ3ekJXNDlWUFAvQUk3V0UxOGJiVHBJSXp0TTZDTTQ5TzlBQjRnMVE2bHEwMXdwekVQa2kvM1IwUDQ4bjhhem9tR1c2WjdHbzJQYW5KM29BdTZmZVBZYWhEZEpuTWJaSUhjZHgrV2E3L1hid1cyalBQRHRjU0JRakVBajV1K1BwWG0xYjBtb3RjZUU0SUMzend6K1dmZGRwSy80ZmhRQnJhUDUycDZIZHh6Rlh4dlJTQUJuSzk4ZTVyRjByeE5mMkNxZ2w4NklEL1Z5ODRIc2VvcXg0VnVqYWFra080K1ZPTnBIYlBVSCtuNDF6OXdubDNNc2Y5eDJYOGpRQi8vWiIgcHJlc2VydmVBc3BlY3RSYXRpbz0ibm9uZSIvPjwvc3ZnPg==)"> <source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp?1714957955 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp?1711437887 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp?1711445991 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 2dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 640w, local/adapt-img/640/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 1280w, local/adapt-img/750/20x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 1500w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp?1717318642 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp?1711463799 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (min-resolution: 1.5dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 480w, local/adapt-img/640/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 960w, local/adapt-img/750/15x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 1125w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/jpeg"><source media="(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1), (min-resolution: 1dppx)" srcset="local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg@.webp?1711376882 750w" sizes="(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw" type="image/webp"> <img src='local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg?1711994376' class='adapt-img spip_logo' alt="alt" width='750' height='500' itemprop='image' srcset='local/adapt-img/320/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 320w, local/adapt-img/640/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg 640w, local/adapt-img/750/10x/local/cache-vignettes/L750xH500/arton97367-95887.jpg?1711994376 750w' sizes='(min-width: 960px) 960px, 100vw' /></picture> </div> <div class="preview__metas"> <time class="preview__meta preview__meta_date date" datetime="2020-10-27 11:00:00"> <span class="date"><span class="dm"><span class="d">27 </span><span class="m">Oct</span></span><span class="y"> 2020</span></span> </time> <meta itemprop="startDate" value="2020-10-27T10:00:00Z"> <meta itemprop="endDate" value="2020-10-27T11:30:00Z"> <span class="preview__meta preview__meta_location" itemprop="location">Online</span> </div> <div class="preview__content"> <div class="introduction crayon article-descriptif-97367 "><p>This webinar was organized by Concurrences, in partnership with Charles River Associates, ELIG Gürkaynak Attorneys-at-Law, Orrick, and RBB Economics, with <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/gonenc-gurkaynak">Gönenç Gürkaynak</a> (ELIG Gürkaynak Attorneys-at-Law), <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/james-hodge?var_mode=calcul">James Hodge</a> (South Africa Competition Commission), <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/willard-mwemba?var_mode=calcul">Willard Mwemba</a> (COMESA), <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/auteur/Pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a> (RBB Economics), <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/angela-huyue-zhang?var_mode=calcul">Angela Zhang</a> (University of Hong Kong) and <a href="https://www.concurrences.com/en/authors/daniel-rubinfeld">Daniel Rubinfeld</a> (New York University School of Law).</p></div> <a href="en/events/antitrust-and-developing-economies-in-an-era-of-crisis-webinar-1-growing-cross" class="view-more view-more_doc"><i class="idc-icon idc-icon_file"></i> See documents</a> </div> <div class="preview__extra"> <ul class="authors"> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/gonenc-gurkaynak" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Gönenç Gürkaynak<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/james-hodge" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">James Hodge<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/auteurs/willard-mwemba" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Willard Mwemba<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Vitaly Pruzhansky<span class="sep">, </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/daniel-rubinfeld" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Daniel L. Rubinfeld<span class="sep"> & </span></span> </a> </li> <li class="authors__item" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="en/authors/angela-huyue-zhang" itemprop="url" class="authors__link"> <span itemprop="name" class="authors__name">Angela Huyue Zhang</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section section_primary section_articles"> <div class="section__container"> <h2 class="content-inner-title"><span>Articles</span></h2> <div class="row articles colonnes_1"> <div class="col-xs-5 "> <div class="liste articles secteur_21"> <h3 class="h1"><span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye"></i> 7619</span> <span class="sep"></span> Bulletin</h3> <div class="liste-items"> <div class="item cite"><article class="entry article hentry"> <span class="authors"><span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/jan-peter-van-der-veer">Jan Peter Van Der Veer</a></span>, <span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a></span></span> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"><a href="en/bulletin/news-issues/october-2012/The-Federal-Antimonopoly-Service" rel="bookmark">The Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia proposes new pricing guidelines</a></strong> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2012-10-25T22:00:00Z">26 October 2012</time> <span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye-red"></i> 395</span> </p> <div class="crayon article-intro-50362 introduction entry-content"> <p>Introduction <br class='autobr' /> In October 2012, the head of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia (FAS) presented new pricing Guidelines for Russian companies. The document discusses various benchmarks for “fair” or “economically justified” prices that can be charged to domestic customers. Although the (…)</p> </div> </article></div> <div class="item cite"><article class="entry article hentry"> <span class="authors"><span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/jan-peter-van-der-veer">Jan Peter Van Der Veer</a></span>, <span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a></span></span> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"><a href="en/bulletin/news-issues/october-2010/The-Russian-Federal-Antimonopoly-33219" rel="bookmark">The Russian Federal Antimonopoly Service clears a € 1.5 bln merger between two major dairy companies in Russia subject to behavioural remedies (<em>Danone and Unimilk</em>)</a></strong> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2010-10-25T22:00:00Z">26 October 2010</time> <span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye-red"></i> 828</span> </p> <div class="crayon article-intro-33219 introduction entry-content"> <p>Introduction <br class='autobr' /> In June 2010 the French dairy producer Danone announced plans to purchase a stake of 58% in the Russian dairy company Unimilk. The proposed € 1.5 bln merger would make Danone-Unimilk the leader for dairy products in the CIS area, with a 21% share of the Russian dairy market. <br class='autobr' /> In (…)</p> </div> </article></div> <div class="item cite"><article class="entry article hentry"> <span class="authors"><span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a></span></span> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"><a href="en/bulletin/news-issues/july-2010/The-Supreme-Commercial-Court-of" rel="bookmark">The Russian Supreme Commercial Court upholds lower courts’ rulings dismissing concerns over price coordination by 11 hotels during the 12th St. Petersburg International Economic Forum in 2008 <em>(Russian Hotels)</em></a></strong> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2010-07-21T22:00:00Z">22 July 2010</time> <span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye-red"></i> 808</span> </p> <div class="crayon article-intro-32666 introduction entry-content"> <p>Background <br class='autobr' /> In 2008 the St. Petersburg branch of the Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) of the Russian Federation decided that 11 hotels infringed Part 1 of Article 11 of the Competition Act. The FAS found that the hotels coordinated a substantial price increase during the 12th St. Petersburg (…)</p> </div> </article></div> <div class="item cite"><article class="entry article hentry"> <span class="authors"><span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/jan-peter-van-der-veer">Jan Peter Van Der Veer</a></span>, <span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a></span></span> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"><a href="en/bulletin/news-issues/may-2010/the-russian-supreme-commercial-court-upholds-a-eur28-5-m-fine-on-a-british-en" rel="bookmark">The Russian Supreme Commercial Court upholds a €28.5 million fine on a British-Russian oil company for abuse of dominance <em>(TNK-BP)</em></a></strong> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2010-05-24T22:00:00Z">25 May 2010</time> <span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye-red"></i> 1219</span> </p> <div class="crayon article-intro-31901 introduction entry-content"> <p>BACKGROUND <br class='autobr' /> In 2008 the Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) of the Russian Federation found four major Russian vertically integrated oil companies (TNK-BP, Rosneft, Lukoil and Gazprom Neft) guilty of abusing a collective dominant position on the wholesale Russian market for motor fuel products (…)</p> </div> </article></div> <div class="item cite"><article class="entry article hentry"> <span class="authors"><span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/auteur/Mihael-Raveggi">Mihael Raveggi</a></span>, <span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a></span></span> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"><a href="en/bulletin/news-issues/may-2009/The-South-African-Competition" rel="bookmark">The South African Competition Appeal Court overturns an excessive pricing decision by the Competition Tribunal <em>(Mittal Steel)</em></a></strong> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2009-05-28T22:00:00Z">29 May 2009</time> <span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye-red"></i> 726</span> </p> <div class="crayon article-intro-38346 introduction entry-content"> <p>BACKGROUND <br class='autobr' /> In 2007, the South African Competition Tribunal (CT) found Mittal Steel guilty of charging excessive prices for steel products on the South African market. The decision contested the pricing practices carried out by Mittal. Namely: (i) prices in the domestic South African market are (…)</p> </div> </article></div> <div class="item cite"><article class="entry article hentry"> <span class="authors"><span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/michael-dietrich-1898">Michael Dietrich</a></span>, <span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a></span></span> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"><a href="en/bulletin/news-issues/december-2008/the-eu-commission-clears-a-merger-between-two-major-dairy-cooperatives-in-the-en" rel="bookmark">The EU Commission clears a merger between two major dairy cooperatives in the Netherlands, subject to remedies <em>(Friesland Foods / Campina)</em></a></strong> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2008-12-16T23:00:00Z">17 December 2008</time> <span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye-red"></i> 1679</span> </p> <div class="crayon article-intro-34053 introduction entry-content"> <p>I. Background <br class='autobr' /> In December 2008, the European Commission (EC) cleared the proposed merger between the two largest dairy cooperatives in the Netherlands: Friesland Foods and Campina. The clearance came after a Phase II investigation, subject to commitments offered by the parties. <br class='autobr' /> The EC (…)</p> </div> </article></div> <div class="content-inner-more"> <div class="item cite"><article class="entry article hentry"> <span class="authors"><span class="vcard author"><a class="url fn spip_in" href="en/authors/vitaly-pruzhansky">Vitaly Pruzhansky</a></span></span> <strong class="h3-like entry-title"><a href="en/bulletin/news-issues/february-2008/The-UK-OFGEM-imposed-a-financial" rel="bookmark">The UK OFGEM imposed a financial penalty of £ 41.6 million for abuse of dominant position in the market for the provision of domestic-sized gas meters (<em>National Grid</em>)</a></strong> <p class="publication"> <time pubdate="pubdate" datetime="2008-02-20T23:00:00Z">21 February 2008</time> <span class="visites"><i class="picto picto-eye-red"></i> 1964</span> </p> <div class="crayon article-intro-23363 introduction entry-content"> <p>Introduction <br class='autobr' /> On 21 February 2008 the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets in the UK (OFGEM) published its decision which found that National Grid (NG) abused its dominant position in the market for the provision of domestic-sized gas meters in Great Britain. OFGEM imposed a financial penalty (…)</p> </div> </article></div> </div> </div> <div class="content-inner-actions"> <button class="btn-toggle" onclick="return toggle_content_inner.apply(this);"><b class="label_open">Read More </b><span><i class="picto picto-toggle"></i></span></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="section section_primary section_stats" id="statistiques"> <div class="section__container"> <h2 class="content-inner-title"><span>Statistics</span></h2> <div class="row statistiques-auteur"> <div class="col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-2 col-md-6 col-md-offset-3"> <div class="col-xs-4"> <span class="stat"> <img src='squelettes/img/stat-big-eye.png?1549956136' alt='' width='25' height='17' /><br/> <em>8217</em> </span> <strong class="stat-label">Total visits</strong> </div> <div class="col-xs-4"> <span class="stat"> <img src='squelettes/img/stat-big-eye.png?1549956136' alt='' width='25' height='17' /><br/> <em>1173.9</em> </span> <strong class="stat-label">Number of readings per contribution</strong> </div> <div class="col-xs-4"> <span class="stat"> <img src='squelettes/img/stat-pie.png?1549956136' alt='' width='21' height='21' /><br/> <em>7</em> </span> <strong class="stat-label">Number of contributions</strong> </div> <div class="separateur"> <span class="stat"> <img src='squelettes/img/stat-podium.png?1549956136' alt='' width='39' height='22' /><br/> <em>Author's ranking</em> </span> </div> <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="stat-number"> <em>2798<sup>th</sup></em> </div> <strong class="stat-label">In number of contributions</strong> </div> <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="stat-number"> <em>1473<sup>th</sup></em> </div> <strong class="stat-label">In number of visits</strong> </div> <div class="col-xs-4"> <div class="stat-number"> <em>2347<sup>th</sup></em> </div> <strong class="stat-label">In average number of visits</strong> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function() { // selectionner tous les liens vers des images var medias = jQuery('.collection-views').find('.link-media').not('.hasbox'); active_collection_popin(medias); }); onAjaxLoad(function() { var medias = jQuery('.link-media',this).not('.hasbox'); active_collection_popin(medias); }); </script> </main> <aside class="aside secondary" id="aside"> </aside> <aside class="extra secondary" id="extra"> </aside> </div> </div> <footer class="banner-bottom" id="banner-bottom"> <div class="container"> </div> </footer> </div> <footer class="footer" id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6 col-md-4"> <div class="adresse small"> <img src='squelettes/img/logo/concurrences-crop.svg?1734617112' alt='Concurrences' class='logo-concurrences' width='1680' height='408' /> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-md-8"> <div class="adresse small"> <p>19 avenue Jean Aicard<br class='autobr' /> 75011 Paris, France </p> <p>106 West 32nd Street, Suite 149<br class='autobr' /> New York, NY, 10001, USA </p> <p>Camden Gateway, 349 Royal College St,<br class='autobr' /> London NW1 9QS, UK </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-2 col-xs-3 col-sm-offset-1"> <div class="menu small"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <ul class="menu-liste menu-items nav nav-list"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/bulletin/" class="menu-items__lien">Bulletin</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/review/" class="menu-items__lien">Review</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_menu"> <a href="en/events/" class="menu-items__lien">Events</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique"> <a href="en/all-books/" class="menu-items__lien">Books</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="col-sm-6"><ul class="menu-liste menu-items nav nav-list"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item_badge"> <a href="en/dictionary/" class="menu-items__lien">Dictionary <small>Free</small></a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/podcasts" class="menu-items__lien">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_lien"> <a href="https://awards.concurrences.com" class="menu-items__lien">Awards</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_rubrique item-primary"> <a href="en/abonnements/" class="menu-items__lien">Subscriptions</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-offset-1"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 w450"> <div class="links small"> <ul class="menu-liste menu-items nav" data-depth="0"> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_page-speciale plan"> <a href="en/page/sitemap/" class="menu-items__lien">Site map</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/institute" class="menu-items__lien">Concurrences</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/terms-of-use-63" class="menu-items__lien">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li class="menu-entree item menu-items__item menu-items__item_objet menu-items__item_article"> <a href="en/terms-of-sale" class="menu-items__lien">Terms of Sale</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 w450"> <div class="tools small"> <ul class="nav nav-list"> <li><a href="en/page/subscriptions/"><i class="picto picto-footer-abonnements"></i> Subscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="en/page/contact/" class="popin"><i class="picto picto-footer-contact"></i> Contact</a></li> <li> <a href="en/page/subscribe/"><i class="picto picto-footer-newsletter"></i> Newsletter</a> </li> <li><a href="https://calendly.com/concurrences/30min" rel="external" target="blank">Request a demo</a></li> </ul> <span class="social social_links"> <a class="social__icon social__icon_bluesky" href="https://bsky.app/profile/concurrences.bsky.social" title="Visit our Bluesky page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_bluesky-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Bluesky (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/institute-of-competition-law-icl-institut-de-droit-de-la-concurrence-idc-" title="Visit our Linkedin page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_linkedin-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Linkedin (opens a new window)</span> </a> <a class="social__icon social__icon_youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/ConcurrencesReview" title="Visit our Youtube page" target="_blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer"> <em class="idc-icon idc-icon_youtube-fill" aria-hidden></em> <span class="visually-hidden">Youtube (opens a new window)</span> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="btn btn_primary btn_nuclia btn_nuclia_trigger btn_nuclia_trigger_float btn_lg" onclick="if(jQuery.modalbox){ jQuery.modalbox( 'en/page/ai/?var_zajax=content&sidebar=1', { sideBar: 'end', type: 'ajax', onOpen: (el) => { el.target.setAttribute('id', 'ask__sidebar') } } ) return false }" > <span class="idc-icon idc-icon_ai-ask idc-icon_size-lg" aria-hidden></span> <span class="btn__label visually-hidden">Concurrences Ai</span><span class="idc-icon idc-icon_ai-suffixe idc-icon_size-lg" aria-hidden></span> </button> </div> </footer> </div>  <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var w=window,d=document,r="",g=d.createElement('script'),s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; try{r=w.top.document.referrer}catch(Y){if(w.parent){try{r=w.parent.document.referrer}catch(X){r=""}}}if(r===""){r=d.referrer} g.type='text/javascript';g.defer=true;g.async=true;g.src="//www.concurrences.com/spip.php?action=statsjs&c=YToxOntzOjk6ImlkX2F1dGV1ciI7czo0OiIxMDI2Ijt9"+"&r="+btoa(r);s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script></body></html>