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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Test flights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Test_flights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-retirement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-retirement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Post-retirement</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-retirement-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Post-retirement subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Post-retirement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Zhukovsky_Air_Base" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zhukovsky_Air_Base"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Zhukovsky Air Base</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zhukovsky_Air_Base-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sydney,_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sydney,_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Sydney, Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sydney,_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bahrain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bahrain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Bahrain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bahrain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technik_Museum_Speyer,_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technik_Museum_Speyer,_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Technik Museum Speyer, Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul 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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Buran programme test vehicle</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title">OK-GLI<br />BTS-02</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OK-GLI_Technik_Museum_Speyer_2008_12.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/OK-GLI_Technik_Museum_Speyer_2008_12.JPG/300px-OK-GLI_Technik_Museum_Speyer_2008_12.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/OK-GLI_Technik_Museum_Speyer_2008_12.JPG/450px-OK-GLI_Technik_Museum_Speyer_2008_12.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/OK-GLI_Technik_Museum_Speyer_2008_12.JPG/600px-OK-GLI_Technik_Museum_Speyer_2008_12.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Atmospheric Buran testbed currently on display in <a href="/wiki/Technik_Museum_Speyer" title="Technik Museum Speyer">Technik Museum Speyer</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction number</th><td class="infobox-data">OK-0.02</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">At the <a href="/wiki/Technik_Museum_Speyer" title="Technik Museum Speyer">Technik Museum Speyer</a>, Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">Flight 1<br />10 November 1985</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Last flight</th><td class="infobox-data">Flight 25<br />15 April 1988</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of missions</th><td class="infobox-data">25 test flights</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>OK-GLI</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Орбитальный корабль для горизонтальных лётных испытаний, ОК-ГЛИ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Orbital'nyy korabl' dlya gorizontal'nykh lotnykh ispytaniy</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Orbital ship for horizontal flight tests'), also known as Buran Analog <b>BTS-02</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">БТС-02, Большой транспортный самолёт второй</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">bolshoi transportny samolyot vtoroi</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'big transport aircraft, the second'), was a <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> atmospheric <a href="/wiki/Flight_test" title="Flight test">test</a> vehicle ("Buran aerodynamic analogue") of the <a href="/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" title="Orbital spaceflight">orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Buran_(spacecraft)" title="Buran (spacecraft)">Buran spacecraft</a>. It was constructed for the <a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">Buran programme</a> in 1984, and was used for 25 test flights between 1985 and 1988 before being retired. </p><p>The aircraft was subsequently put on exhibit in Australia (2000), Bahrain (2002) and since 2008 has been on exhibit at the <a href="/wiki/Technik_Museum_Speyer" title="Technik Museum Speyer">Technik Museum Speyer</a> in Germany. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction">Construction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The development of the <a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">Buran</a> vehicles by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> began in the late 1970s as a response to the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a> of the United States. The construction of the orbiters began in 1980, and by 1984 the first full-scale Buran was rolled out. The first <a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_flight" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-orbital flight">suborbital</a> test flight of a scale-model took place as early as July 1983. As the project progressed, five additional scale-model flights were performed. </p><p>The OK-GLI (Buran Analog BST-02) test vehicle ("Buran aerodynamic analogue") was constructed in 1984. It was fitted with four <a href="/wiki/Saturn_AL-31" title="Saturn AL-31">AL-31</a> jet engines mounted at the rear (the fuel tank for the engines occupied a quarter of the cargo bay). This Buran could take off under its own power for flight tests, in contrast to the American <i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Enterprise</a></i> test vehicle, which was entirely unpowered and relied on an air launch. </p><p>The jet engines were used to take off from a normal landing strip, and once it reached a designated point, the engines were shut down and the OK-GLI glided back to land. This provided valuable test data about the handling characteristics of the Buran design. The powered-engine approach significantly differed from the carrier plane/air drop method used by the US and the <i>Enterprise</i> test craft. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Test_flights">Test flights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Test flights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:00_OK-GLI.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/00_OK-GLI.png/220px-00_OK-GLI.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/00_OK-GLI.png/330px-00_OK-GLI.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/00_OK-GLI.png/440px-00_OK-GLI.png 2x" data-file-width="1403" data-file-height="776" /></a><figcaption>Buran flight test Orbiter OK-GLI</figcaption></figure> <p>Until the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">end of the Soviet Union</a> in 1991, seven <a href="/wiki/Cosmonaut" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmonaut">cosmonauts</a> were allocated to the Buran programme. All had experience as test pilots and flew on the OK-GLI test vehicle. They were: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Ivanovich_Bachurin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Ivanovich Bachurin (page does not exist)">Ivan Bachurin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexei_Sergeyevich_Borodai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexei Sergeyevich Borodai (page does not exist)">Alexei Borodai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Levchenko" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatoli Levchenko">Anatoli Levchenko</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksandr_Vladimirovich_Shchukin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksandr Vladimirovich Shchukin (page does not exist)">Aleksandr Shchukin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rimantas_Stankevi%C4%8Dius" title="Rimantas Stankevičius">Rimantas Stankevičius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Volk" title="Igor Volk">Igor Volk</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Vasiliyevich_Zabolotsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viktor Vasiliyevich Zabolotsky (page does not exist)">Viktor Zabolotsky</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In total, nine taxi tests and twenty-five test flights of the OK-GLI were performed,<sup id="cite_ref-test_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after which the vehicle was "worn out". All tests and flights were carried out at the Zhukovsky Air Base, outside Moscow. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Description </th> <th>Maximum speed </th> <th>Maximum altitude </th> <th>Time </th> <th>Crew/notes<sup id="cite_ref-crew_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crew-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>29 December 1984</td> <td>Taxi test 1</td> <td>45 km/h</td> <td></td> <td>5 minutes</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rimantas_Stankevi%C4%8Dius" title="Rimantas Stankevičius">Rimantas Stankevičius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Volk" title="Igor Volk">Igor Volk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 August 1985</td> <td>Taxi test 2</td> <td>200 km/h</td> <td></td> <td>14 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 October 1985</td> <td>Taxi test 3</td> <td>270 km/h</td> <td></td> <td>12 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 October 1985</td> <td>Taxi test 4</td> <td>300 km/h</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 November 1985</td> <td>Flight 1</td> <td>480 km/h</td> <td>1500 m</td> <td>12 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 November 1985</td> <td>Taxi test 5</td> <td>170 km/h</td> <td></td> <td>12 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 January 1986</td> <td>Flight 2</td> <td>520 km/h</td> <td>3000 m</td> <td>36 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 April 1986</td> <td>Taxi test 6</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>14 minutes</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Levchenko" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatoli Levchenko">Anatoli Levchenko</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexandr_Shchukin_(cosmonaut)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexandr Shchukin (cosmonaut) (page does not exist)">Alexandr Shchukin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 May 1986</td> <td>Flight 3</td> <td>540 km/h</td> <td>4000 m</td> <td>23 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 June 1986</td> <td>Flight 4</td> <td>530 km/h</td> <td>4000 m</td> <td>22 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 June 1986</td> <td>Flight 5</td> <td>600 km/h</td> <td>4500 m</td> <td>25 minutes</td> <td>Anatoli Levchenko, Alexandr Shchukin </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 June 1986</td> <td>Flight 6</td> <td>650 km/h</td> <td>5000 m</td> <td>23 minutes</td> <td>Anatoli Levchenko, Alexandr Shchukin </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 December 1986</td> <td>Flight 7</td> <td>700 km/h</td> <td>4000 m</td> <td>24 minutes</td> <td>First automatic landing Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 December 1986</td> <td>Flight 8</td> <td>750 km/h</td> <td>6000 m</td> <td>17 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 December 1986</td> <td>Flight 9</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>17 minutes</td> <td>Anatoli Levchenko, Alexandr Shchukin </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 February 1987</td> <td>Flight 10</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>28 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 February 1987</td> <td>Flight 11</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>19 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 March 1987</td> <td>Taxi test 7</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>2 minutes</td> <td>Anatoli Levchenko, Alexandr Shchukin </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 March 1987</td> <td>Taxi test 8</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>25 minutes</td> <td>Anatoli Levchenko, Alexandr Shchukin </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 May 1987</td> <td>Flight 12</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>20 minutes</td> <td>Anatoli Levchenko, Alexandr Shchukin </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 June 1987</td> <td>Flight 13</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>19 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 October 1987</td> <td>Flight 14</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>21 minutes</td> <td>Automatic landing Shchukin, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 October 1987</td> <td>Flight 15</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>19 minutes</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Ivanovich_Bachurin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Ivanovich Bachurin (page does not exist)">Ivan Bachurin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexei_Sergeyevich_Borodai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexei Sergeyevich Borodai (page does not exist)">Alexei Borodai</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 January 1988</td> <td>Flight 16</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 January 1988</td> <td>Flight 17</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Ivan Bachurin, Alexei Borodai </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 February 1988</td> <td>Flight 18</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>22 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 March 1988</td> <td>Flight 19</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>32 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 March 1988</td> <td>Flight 20</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Ivan Bachurin, Alexei Borodai </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 March 1988</td> <td>Flight 21</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Ivan Bachurin, Alexei Borodai </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 March 1988</td> <td>Flight 22</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Ivan Bachurin, Alexei Borodai </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 April 1988</td> <td>Flight 23</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>20 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 April 1988</td> <td>Flight 24</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 April 1988</td> <td>Flight 25</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>19 minutes</td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, Igor Volk </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 December 1989</td> <td>Taxi test 9</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Rimantas Stankevičius, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Vasiliyevich_Zabolotsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viktor Vasiliyevich Zabolotsky (page does not exist)">Viktor Zabolotsky</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-retirement">Post-retirement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-retirement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zhukovsky_Air_Base">Zhukovsky Air Base</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Zhukovsky Air Base"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:89px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orbiter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Orbiter.jpg/200px-Orbiter.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Orbiter.jpg/300px-Orbiter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Orbiter.jpg/400px-Orbiter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1709" data-file-height="761" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">OK-GLI at MAKS-1997</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:89px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buran3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Buran3.jpg/134px-Buran3.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Buran3.jpg/201px-Buran3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Buran3.jpg/268px-Buran3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="535" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">OK-GLI in Sydney</div></div></div></div></div> <p>After the program was cancelled, the OK-GLI was stored at <a href="/wiki/Gromov_Flight_Research_Institute" title="Gromov Flight Research Institute">Gromov Flight Research Institute</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, where it was displayed during the annual <a href="/wiki/MAKS_(air_show)" title="MAKS (air show)">MAKS air show</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sydney,_Australia"><span id="Sydney.2C_Australia"></span>Sydney, Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sydney, Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2000, the OK-GLI was sold to an Australian company called the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buran_Space_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buran Space Corporation (page does not exist)">Buran Space Corporation</a>, owned by Australian astronaut <a href="/wiki/Paul_Scully-Power" title="Paul Scully-Power">Paul Scully-Power</a>. It was disassembled and transported by ship to <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, Australia, via <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a>, Sweden;<sup id="cite_ref-transport_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transport-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> arriving on 9 February 2000 and appeared as a static tourist attraction under a large temporary structure in <a href="/wiki/Darling_Harbour" title="Darling Harbour">Darling Harbour</a> for a few years.<sup id="cite_ref-australia_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-australia-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-australia_2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-australia_2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon reassembly, the OK-GLI was put on display in a temporary enclosure for the <a href="/wiki/2000_Summer_Olympics" title="2000 Summer Olympics">2000 Summer Olympics</a> in Sydney. Visitors could walk around and inside the vehicle (a walkway was built along the cargo bay), and plans were in place for a tour of various cities in Australia and Asia. The owners went into bankruptcy after the Olympics, and the vehicle was moved into the open air and stored for a year in a fenced-in parking lot and protected by nothing more than a large tarpaulin, where it suffered deterioration and repeated vandalism.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The OK-GLI was then offered for sale, including by a radio auction on the American <a href="/wiki/KFWB" title="KFWB">News 980 KFWB-AM</a> with a starting price of <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$6 million</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-shuttle_sale_1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shuttle_sale_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however it did not receive any genuine bids.<sup id="cite_ref-shuttle_sale_2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shuttle_sale_2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bahrain">Bahrain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bahrain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:157px;max-width:157px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:119px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2008-04-09_Raumf%C3%A4hre_Buran_OK-GLI_IMG_9183.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/2008-04-09_Raumf%C3%A4hre_Buran_OK-GLI_IMG_9183.jpg/155px-2008-04-09_Raumf%C3%A4hre_Buran_OK-GLI_IMG_9183.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/2008-04-09_Raumf%C3%A4hre_Buran_OK-GLI_IMG_9183.jpg/233px-2008-04-09_Raumf%C3%A4hre_Buran_OK-GLI_IMG_9183.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/2008-04-09_Raumf%C3%A4hre_Buran_OK-GLI_IMG_9183.jpg/310px-2008-04-09_Raumf%C3%A4hre_Buran_OK-GLI_IMG_9183.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3728" data-file-height="2888" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">OK-GLI on the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:181px;max-width:181px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:119px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OK-GLI_Speyer_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/OK-GLI_Speyer_1.jpg/179px-OK-GLI_Speyer_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/OK-GLI_Speyer_1.jpg/269px-OK-GLI_Speyer_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/OK-GLI_Speyer_1.jpg/358px-OK-GLI_Speyer_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1071" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">OK-GLI at Technik Museum Speyer</div></div></div></div></div> <p>In September 2004 a team of German journalists found the OK-GLI in Bahrain, having been abandoned after it was on display as an attraction of the 2002 "Bahrain Summer" festival.<sup id="cite_ref-Buran-energia_OK-GLI_page_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buran-energia_OK-GLI_page-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-shuttle_found_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shuttle_found-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was then bought by the <a href="/wiki/Sinsheim_Auto_%26_Technik_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinsheim Auto & Technik Museum">Sinsheim Auto & Technik Museum</a>, to be transported to Germany in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-german_museum_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-german_museum-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to legal issues, it remained in Bahrain for several years, pending settlement of an international court case over fees.<sup id="cite_ref-bahrain_legal_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bahrain_legal-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Technik_Museum_Speyer,_Germany"><span id="Technik_Museum_Speyer.2C_Germany"></span>Technik Museum Speyer, Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Technik Museum Speyer, Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 4 March 2008 the OK-GLI began its journey by sea to the <a href="/wiki/Technik_Museum_Speyer" title="Technik Museum Speyer">Technik Museum Speyer</a> where it was refurbished and serves as a walk-in exhibit.<sup id="cite_ref-going_to_Germany_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-going_to_Germany-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The journey got off to an inauspicious start when, during the transfer from the storage barge to the ship, there was a failure of the aft spreader (part of the lifting mechanism) and the tail of the vehicle dropped from just above <a href="/wiki/Deck_(ship)" title="Deck (ship)">deck</a> height to the bottom of the <a href="/wiki/Hold_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hold (ship)">hold</a>. No one was hurt and both the ship and vehicle seemed to suffer only minor damage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/28px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/42px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/56px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buran_(spacecraft)" title="Buran (spacecraft)">Buran (spacecraft)</a> – Buran spacecraft 1.01</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAKS_(spacecraft)" title="MAKS (spacecraft)">MAKS (spacecraft)</a> - Soviet air-launched spaceplane concept</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-105" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105</a> – Soviet spaceplane test program</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Space Shuttle Enterprise</a> - American Space Shuttle atmospheric test article</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a> - American spaceplane program</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_OOS" title="Tupolev OOS">Tupolev OOS</a> - Soviet air-launched spaceplane concept</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-test-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-test_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061031075327/http://www.k26.com/buran/Info/Timeline/buran-energia_timeline_history.html">"Buran Energia Timeline History"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/news/spacehistory/buran_auction_ends_020523.html">the original</a> on 29 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=Auction+Fails+to+Sell+Buran%2C+Russian+Shuttle+Remains+Available&rft.date=2002-05-23&rft.aulast=Banke&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fnews%2Fspacehistory%2Fburan_auction_ends_020523.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOK-GLI" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buran-energia_OK-GLI_page-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Buran-energia_OK-GLI_page_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buran-energia.com/bourane-buran/bourane-modele-gli.php">"Analog shuttle, OK - GLI"</a>. <i>Buran-energia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Buran-energia.com&rft.atitle=Analog+shuttle%2C+OK+-+GLI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buran-energia.com%2Fbourane-buran%2Fbourane-modele-gli.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOK-GLI" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shuttle_found-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shuttle_found_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBecker2004" class="citation news cs1">Becker, Markus (22 September 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/weltall/kurioser-fund-sowjet-shuttle-am-persischen-golf-aufgetaucht-a-319316.html">"Kurioser Fund: Sowjet-Shuttle am Persischen Golf aufgetaucht"</a> [Strange find: Soviet shuttle found in the Persian Gulf]. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Kurioser+Fund%3A+Sowjet-Shuttle+am+Persischen+Golf+aufgetaucht&rft.date=2004-09-22&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwissenschaft%2Fweltall%2Fkurioser-fund-sowjet-shuttle-am-persischen-golf-aufgetaucht-a-319316.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOK-GLI" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-german_museum-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-german_museum_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBecker2004" class="citation news cs1">Becker, Markus (23 September 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/weltall/ueberraschender-handel-sinsheimer-museum-kauft-den-sowjet-shuttle-a-319521.html">"Überraschender Handel: Sinsheimer Museum kauft den Sowjet-Shuttle"</a> [Surprising trade: Sinsheimer museum buys the Soviet shuttle]. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=%C3%9Cberraschender+Handel%3A+Sinsheimer+Museum+kauft+den+Sowjet-Shuttle&rft.date=2004-09-23&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwissenschaft%2Fweltall%2Fueberraschender-handel-sinsheimer-museum-kauft-den-sowjet-shuttle-a-319521.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOK-GLI" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bahrain_legal-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bahrain_legal_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.gdnonline.com/NewsDetails.aspx?date=04/07/2015&storyid=185595">"Buran case review set"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Daily_News" title="Gulf Daily News">Gulf Daily News</a></i>. 19 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Buran+case+review+set&rft.date=2007-06-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.gdnonline.com%2FNewsDetails.aspx%3Fdate%3D04%2F07%2F2015%26storyid%3D185595&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOK-GLI" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-going_to_Germany-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-going_to_Germany_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/touchdown-at-technical-museum-russian-space-shuttle-navigates-rhine-river-a-545835.html">"Touchdown at Technical Museum: Russian Space Shuttle Navigates Rhine River"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i>. Reuters. 7 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Touchdown+at+Technical+Museum%3A+Russian+Space+Shuttle+Navigates+Rhine+River&rft.date=2008-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fgermany%2Ftouchdown-at-technical-museum-russian-space-shuttle-navigates-rhine-river-a-545835.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOK-GLI" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElserElser-HaftLukashevich2008" class="citation book cs1">Elser, Heinz; Elser-Haft, Margrit; Lukashevich, Vladim (2008). <i>History and Transportation of the Russian Space Shuttle OK-GLI to the Technik Museum Speyer</i>. Technik Museum Speyer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-9809437-7-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-9809437-7-2"><bdi>978-3-9809437-7-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+and+Transportation+of+the+Russian+Space+Shuttle+OK-GLI+to+the+Technik+Museum+Speyer&rft.pub=Technik+Museum+Speyer&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-3-9809437-7-2&rft.aulast=Elser&rft.aufirst=Heinz&rft.au=Elser-Haft%2C+Margrit&rft.au=Lukashevich%2C+Vladim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOK-GLI" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OK-GLI&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:OK-GLI" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:OK-GLI">OK-GLI</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buran-energia.com/bourane-buran/bourane-modele-gli.php">OK-GLI</a> at Buran-Energia.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020425123248/http://www.astronautix.com/craft/burlogue.htm">Buran Analogue entry</a> at <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Astronautica" title="Encyclopedia Astronautica">Encyclopedia Astronautica</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.k26.com/buran/Future/OK-GLI/aero_tester_ok-gli__bst-2_.html">OK-GLI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120720061604/http://www.k26.com/buran/Future/OK-GLI/aero_tester_ok-gli__bst-2_.html">Archived</a> 20 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at K26.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://speyer.technik-museum.de/en/spaceshuttle-buran">OK-GLI</a> at Technik Museum Speyer</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Buran_programme" title="Template talk:Buran programme"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Buran_programme" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Buran programme"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Buran_programme" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">Buran programme</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Buran_missions" title="List of Buran missions">List of missions</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energia_(rocket)" title="Energia (rocket)">Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kvant-1" title="Kvant-1">Kvant-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvant-2" title="Kvant-2">Kvant-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristall" title="Kristall">Kristall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androgynous_Peripheral_Attach_System" title="Androgynous Peripheral Attach System">Androgynous Peripheral Attach System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orbiters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OK-GLI</a> <small>(BTS-02)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buran_(spacecraft)" title="Buran (spacecraft)"><i>Buran</i></a> <small>(1.01)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptichka" title="Ptichka">Ptichka</a></i> <small>(1.02)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2.01_(Buran-class_spacecraft)" title="2.01 (Buran-class spacecraft)">2.01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2.02_(Buran-class_spacecraft)" title="2.02 (Buran-class spacecraft)">2.02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2.03_(Buran-class_spacecraft)" title="2.03 (Buran-class spacecraft)">2.03</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome" title="Baikonur Cosmodrome">Baikonur Cosmodrome</a> <a href="/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_110" title="Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 110">Site 110</a></li> <li>Landing sites <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baherove_(air_base)" title="Baherove (air base)">Baherove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorol,_Russia" title="Khorol, Russia">Khorol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubileyniy_Airport" title="Yubileyniy Airport">Yubileyniy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Testing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BOR-4" title="BOR-4">BOR-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOR-5" title="BOR-5">BOR-5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myasishchev_VM-T" title="Myasishchev VM-T">VM-T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-225_Mriya" title="Antonov An-225 Mriya">An-225 Mriya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Space suits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strizh_(space_suit)" title="Strizh (space suit)">Strizh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlan_space_suit" title="Orlan space suit">Orlan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Space_Shuttle_and_Buran-class_orbiters" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttles" title="Template:Space Shuttles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Space_Shuttles" title="Template talk:Space Shuttles"><abbr title="Discuss this 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data-file-width="1229" data-file-height="2771" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;text-align: left;">United States <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a> (<a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_orbiter" title="Space Shuttle orbiter">orbiters</a>)</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;text-align: left;">Soviet/Russian <a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">Buran programme</a> (<a href="/wiki/Buran_programme#Vehicles" title="Buran programme">orbiters</a>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Space Shuttle Challenger">Challenger</a></i> <small>(OV-099, <b><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Challenger disaster">destroyed in 1986</a></b>)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Enterprise</a></i> <small>(OV-101, atmospheric tests, retired in 1979)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia">Columbia</a></i> <small>(OV-102, <b><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Columbia disaster">destroyed in 2003</a></b>)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Discovery</a></i> <small>(OV-103, retired in 2011)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Atlantis</a></i> <small>(OV-104, retired in 2011)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour">Endeavour</a></i> <small>(OV-105, retired in 2011)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Pathfinder" title="Space Shuttle Pathfinder">Pathfinder</a></i> <small>(OV-098, ground tests)</small></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OK-GLI</a> <small>(BTS-02, atmospheric tests)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buran_(spacecraft)" title="Buran (spacecraft)">Buran</a></i> <small>(1.01, <b>destroyed in 2002</b>)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptichka" title="Ptichka">Ptichka</a></i> <small>(1.02, 95–97% completed)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2.01_(Buran-class_spacecraft)" title="2.01 (Buran-class spacecraft)">2.01</a> <small>(incomplete)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2.02_(Buran-class_spacecraft)" title="2.02 (Buran-class spacecraft)">2.02</a> <small>(partially dismantled)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2.03_(Buran-class_spacecraft)" title="2.03 (Buran-class spacecraft)">2.03</a> <small>(dismantled)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CCCP_Buran.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/CCCP_Buran.png/65px-CCCP_Buran.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/CCCP_Buran.png/98px-CCCP_Buran.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/CCCP_Buran.png/130px-CCCP_Buran.png 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="1219" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="USAF/DoD_reporting_names_for_Soviet_and_Chinese_aircraft_and_missiles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="Template:USAF/DoD reporting names"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="Template talk:USAF/DoD reporting names"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAF/DoD reporting names"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="USAF/DoD_reporting_names_for_Soviet_and_Chinese_aircraft_and_missiles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/USAF/DoD_reporting_names" title="USAF/DoD reporting names">USAF/DoD reporting names</a> for Soviet and Chinese aircraft and missiles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Type numbers<br />(1947–1955)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-9" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-15" title="Yakovlev Yak-15">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-150" title="Lavochkin La-150">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-152" title="Lavochkin La-152">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-152" title="Lavochkin La-152">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-160" title="Lavochkin La-160">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-19" title="Yakovlev Yak-19">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-9_(1946)" title="Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-12" title="Tupolev Tu-12">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-22" title="Ilyushin Il-22">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_I-270" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich I-270">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_%2773%27" title="Tupolev '73'">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-25_(1947)" title="Yakovlev Yak-25 (1947)">13</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-168" title="Lavochkin La-168">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-17" title="Yakovlev Yak-17">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-9_(1946)" title="Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)">17</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-82" title="Tupolev Tu-82">17</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_I-320" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich I-320">18</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-15_(1949)" title="Sukhoi Su-15 (1949)">18</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KS-1_Komet" title="KS-1 Komet">19</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">19</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-17" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17">20</a><sup>1,4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-30_(1948)" title="Yakovlev Yak-30 (1948)">20</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin_La-15" title="Lavochkin La-15">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-2" title="Tupolev Tu-2">22</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-2" title="Antonov An-2">22</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-12" title="Sukhoi Su-12">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-10" title="Yakovlev Yak-10">24</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-14" title="Yakovlev Yak-14">24</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsybin_Ts-25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsybin Ts-25 (page does not exist)">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-17" title="Yakovlev Yak-17">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-23" title="Yakovlev Yak-23">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-85" title="Tupolev Tu-85">31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-1" title="Mil Mi-1">32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beriev_Be-8" title="Beriev Be-8">33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beriev_Be-6" title="Beriev Be-6">34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-14" title="Tupolev Tu-14">35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-4" title="Mil Mi-4">36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myasishchev_M-4" title="Myasishchev M-4">37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-24" title="Yakovlev Yak-24">38</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-17" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17">38</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-16" title="Tupolev Tu-16">39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-95" title="Tupolev Tu-95">40</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research/prototype<br />aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea_Monster" title="Caspian Sea Monster">CASP-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-90_Orlyonok" title="A-90 Orlyonok">CASP-B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-22M" title="Tupolev Tu-22M">KAZ-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk" title="Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>NOVO-A<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NOVO-B<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_T-60S" title="Sukhoi T-60S">NOVO-C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gromov_Flight_Research_Institute" title="Gromov Flight Research Institute">GFRI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>RAM-A<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-B<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-C<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-D<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-E<sup>3</sup></li> <li>RAM-F<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-38" title="Yakovlev Yak-38">RAM-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-144" title="Tupolev Tu-144">RAM-H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-25" title="Sukhoi Su-25">RAM-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-27" title="Sukhoi Su-27">RAM-K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29" title="Mikoyan MiG-29">RAM-L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myasishchev_M-55" title="Myasishchev M-55">RAM-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-102" title="Ilyushin Il-102">RAM-N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-160" title="Tupolev Tu-160">RAM-P</a></li> <li>RAM-Q<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">RAM-R</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R2</a></li></ul></li> <li>RAM-S<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-141" title="Yakovlev Yak-141">RAM-T</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chaplygin_Siberian_Scientific_Research_Institute_Of_Aviation" title="Chaplygin Siberian Scientific Research Institute Of Aviation">SibNIA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-47" title="Sukhoi Su-47">SIB-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taganrog" title="Taganrog">Taganrog</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bartini_Beriev_VVA-14" title="Bartini Beriev VVA-14">TAG-A</a></li> <li>TAG-B<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TAG-C<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-40" title="Beriev A-40">TAG-D</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin">Harbin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harbin_SH-5" title="Harbin SH-5">HARB-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nanchang" title="Nanchang">Nanchang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>NAN-A<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NAN-B<sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang_J-8" title="Shenyang J-8">XIAN-A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research/prototype<br />missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Barnaul" title="Barnaul">Barnaul</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>BL-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-04<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-05<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-07<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-08<sup>3</sup></li> <li>BL-09<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-80" title="Kh-80">BL-10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhem,_Kazakhstan" title="Zhem, Kazakhstan">Embi-5</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>EM-01<sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kapustin_Yar" title="Kapustin Yar">Kapustin Yar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scud_missile" title="Scud missile">KY-01</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li>KY-02 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-11_Zemlya" title="R-11 Zemlya">I</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-2_(missile)" title="R-2 (missile)">II</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-5_Pobeda" title="R-5 Pobeda">III</a><sup>5</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-17_Elbrus" title="R-17 Elbrus">KY-03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-12_Dvina" title="R-12 Dvina">KY-04</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-14_Chusovaya" title="R-14 Chusovaya">KY-05</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">KY-06</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-15" title="RT-15">KY-07</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li>KY-08<sup>3</sup></li> <li>KY-09<sup>3</sup></li> <li>KY-10<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-1_Temp" title="TR-1 Temp">KY-11</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTR-21_Tochka" title="OTR-21 Tochka">KY-12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nyonoksa" title="Nyonoksa">Nyonoksa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>NE-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NE-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>NE-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-39_Rif" title="R-39 Rif">NE-04</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plesetsk" title="Plesetsk">Plesetsk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RT-20P" title="RT-20P">PL-01</a></li> <li>PL-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>PL-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-23_Molodets" title="RT-23 Molodets">PL-04</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-2PM_Topol" title="RT-2PM Topol">PL-05</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sary_Shagan" title="Sary Shagan">Sary Shagan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABM-1_Galosh" title="ABM-1 Galosh">SH-01</a></li> <li>SH-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABM-1_Galosh" title="ABM-1 Galosh">SH-04</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li>SH-05<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-07<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53T6" title="53T6">SH-08</a></li> <li>SH-09<sup>3</sup></li> <li>SH-10<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-135_anti-ballistic_missile_system" title="A-135 anti-ballistic missile system">SH-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6retam" title="Töretam">Töretam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>TT-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-04<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N1_(rocket)" title="N1 (rocket)">TT-05</a></li> <li>TT-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-07<sup>3</sup></li> <li>TT-08<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9K720_Iskander" title="9K720 Iskander">TT-09</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimirovska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimirovska (page does not exist)">Vladimirovska</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>VA-01<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-02<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-03<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-04<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-05<sup>3</sup></li> <li>VA-06<sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kh-15" title="Kh-15">VA-07</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li>VA-08<sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup> Listed in contemporary sources  •  <sup>2</sup> Bergander list (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://designation-systems.net/non-us/soviet.html#_Type_Note3">details</a>)  •  <sup>3</sup> Unknown/no details  •  <sup>4</sup> Possible error  •  <sup>5</sup> Unconfirmed</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" 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