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id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istoric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istoric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istoric</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Principis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_forma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_forma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>La forma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_forma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Colors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Competicions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Competicions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Competicions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Competicions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Riscs,_dangièrs,_pollucions,_precaucions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Riscs,_dangièrs,_pollucions,_precaucions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Riscs, dangièrs, pollucions, precaucions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Riscs,_dangièrs,_pollucions,_precaucions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Riscs, dangièrs, pollucions, precaucions</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Riscs,_dangièrs,_pollucions,_precaucions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dangièrs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dangièrs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Dangièrs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dangièrs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impacte_environamental" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impacte_environamental"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Impacte environamental</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impacte_environamental-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vejatz_tanben" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vejatz_tanben"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Vejatz tanben</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vejatz_tanben-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Vejatz tanben</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vejatz_tanben-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligams_extèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligams_extèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Ligams extèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligams_extèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connèxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connèxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Articles connèxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connèxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Taula de continguts" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fuòc d'artifici</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 92 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C8%B3rweorc" title="Fȳrweorc - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Fȳrweorc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ألعاب نارية - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألعاب نارية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C5%9F%C9%99ng" title="Fişəng - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fişəng" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Феерверк - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Феерверк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Фаервэрк - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фаервэрк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Фойерверк - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фойерверк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kambang_sarai" title="Kambang sarai - banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kambang sarai" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF" title="আতশবাজি - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আতশবাজি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focs_artificials" title="Focs artificials - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Focs artificials" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C4%95ng-hu%C4%83" title="Iĕng-huă - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Iĕng-huă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%86%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AA%E1%8F%92%E1%8F%97_%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A6%E1%8E%B5%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%99%E1%8E%B2" title="ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᏒᏗ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ - cheroqui" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᏒᏗ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cheroqui" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focu_d%27artifizi" title="Focu d'artifizi - còrs" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Focu d'artifizi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="còrs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oh%C5%88ostroj" title="Ohňostroj - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ohňostroj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2n_gwyllt" title="Tân gwyllt - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tân gwyllt" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrv%C3%A6rkeri" title="Fyrværkeri - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fyrværkeri" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feuerwerk" title="Feuerwerk - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Feuerwerk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Πυροτέχνημα - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πυροτέχνημα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireworks" title="Fireworks - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fireworks" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artfajra%C4%B5o" title="Artfajraĵo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Artfajraĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuegos_artificiales" title="Fuegos artificiales - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fuegos artificiales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilutulestik" title="Ilutulestik - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ilutulestik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_artifizialak" title="Su artifizialak - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Su artifizialak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="آتش‌بازی - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آتش‌بازی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilotulite" title="Ilotulite - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilotulite" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feu_d%27artifice" title="Feu d'artifice - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Feu d'artifice" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjoerwurk" title="Fjoerwurk - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fjoerwurk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinte_eala%C3%ADne" title="Tinte ealaíne - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tinte ealaíne" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%B0%E7%81%AB" title="焰火 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="焰火" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fogos_de_artificio" title="Fogos de artificio - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fogos de artificio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%99-%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8" title="זיקוקין די-נור - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זיקוקין די-נור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80" title="आतिशबाज़ी - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आतिशबाज़ी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatromet" title="Vatromet - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vatromet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%B1zij%C3%A1t%C3%A9k" title="Tűzijáték - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tűzijáték" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հրավառություն - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հրավառություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foco_de_artificio" title="Foco de artificio - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Foco de artificio" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kembang_api" title="Kembang api - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kembang api" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flugeldar" title="Flugeldar - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Flugeldar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuochi_d%27artificio" title="Fuochi d'artificio - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fuochi d'artificio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E7%81%AB" title="花火 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="花火" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kembang_api" title="Kembang api - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kembang api" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82" title="Мерекелік салют - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мерекелік салют" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%BD%83%EB%86%80%EC%9D%B4" title="불꽃놀이 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="불꽃놀이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Фейерверк - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фейерверк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectaculum_pyrotechnicum" title="Spectaculum pyrotechnicum - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Spectaculum pyrotechnicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuurw%C3%A8rk" title="Vuurwèrk - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vuurwèrk" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fejerverkai" title="Fejerverkai - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fejerverkai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugu%C5%86o%C5%A1ana" title="Uguņošana - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Uguņošana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80" title="आतिशबाजी - maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="आतिशबाजी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="പടക്കം - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പടക്കം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Галт тэсрэгч - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Галт тэсрэгч" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AB%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%81%9F%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ပါန်ပၟတ် - Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ပါန်ပၟတ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80" title="आतषबाजी - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आतषबाजी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunga_api" title="Bunga api - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bunga api" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="မီးရှူးမီးပန်း - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မီးရှူးမီးပန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuurwerk" title="Vuurwerk - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vuurwerk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrverkeri" title="Fyrverkeri - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fyrverkeri" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrverkeri" title="Fyrverkeri - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fyrverkeri" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BF" title="ଆତସବାଜି - oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆତସବାଜି" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80" title="ਆਤਸ਼ਬਾਜ਼ੀ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਤਸ਼ਬਾਜ਼ੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klapchi" title="Klapchi - papiament" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Klapchi" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiament" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztuczne_ognie" title="Sztuczne ognie - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sztuczne ognie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="آتش بازی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آتش بازی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fogo_de_artif%C3%ADcio" title="Fogo de artifício - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fogo de artifício" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificii" title="Artificii - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Artificii" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Фейерверк - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фейерверк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jocu_di_focu" title="Jocu di focu - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Jocu di focu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A" title="آتشبازي - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آتشبازي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatromet" title="Vatromet - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vatromet" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireworks" title="Fireworks - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Fireworks" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firework" title="Firework - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Firework" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oh%C5%88ostroj" title="Ohňostroj - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ohňostroj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ognjemet" title="Ognjemet - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ognjemet" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakettij_p%C3%A4%C3%A4%C4%8D%C4%8Dim" title="Rakettij pääččim - sami d’Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Rakettij pääččim" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami d’Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishekzjarret" title="Fishekzjarret - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fishekzjarret" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Ватромет - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ватромет" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrverkeri" title="Fyrverkeri - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fyrverkeri" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fataki" title="Fataki - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Fataki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="வாணவெடி - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாணவெடி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D3%A3" title="Оташбозӣ - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оташбозӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F" title="ดอกไม้ไฟ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดอกไม้ไฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pailaw" title="Pailaw - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pailaw" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havai_fi%C5%9Fek" title="Havai fişek - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Havai fişek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%94%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Феєрверк - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Феєрверк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushakbozlik_festivali" title="Mushakbozlik festivali - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mushakbozlik festivali" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A1o_hoa" title="Pháo hoa - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pháo hoa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filot" title="Filot - volapuc" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Filot" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E7%81%AB" title="烟火 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="烟火" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ფოიერვერკი - 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lang="oc" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Kirschbluetenfest_Hamburg.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kirschbluetenfest_Hamburg.png/220px-Kirschbluetenfest_Hamburg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kirschbluetenfest_Hamburg.png/330px-Kirschbluetenfest_Hamburg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Kirschbluetenfest_Hamburg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Fuòc d'artificia a <a href="/wiki/Amborg" title="Amborg">Hambourg</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv/220px--Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="445" data-mwtitle="Castillo_pirotécnico_(fuegos_artificiales).ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_(fuegos_artificiales).ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv/Castillo_pirot%C3%A9cnico_%28fuegos_artificiales%29.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /></video></span><figcaption>Fuòcs d'artifici castelhans pendent una fèste al sud de <a href="/wiki/Ciutat_de_Mexic" title="Ciutat de Mexic">la vila de Mexic</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Paris-fireworks-14-july-2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Paris-fireworks-14-july-2005.jpg/220px-Paris-fireworks-14-july-2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Paris-fireworks-14-july-2005.jpg/330px-Paris-fireworks-14-july-2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Paris-fireworks-14-july-2005.jpg/440px-Paris-fireworks-14-july-2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="962" data-file-height="769" /></a><figcaption>Lo fuòc d'artifici del 14 de julhet a <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs_(Fran%C3%A7a)" class="mw-redirect" title="París (França)">París</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Un <b>fuòc d'artifici</b> es un procediment <a href="/wiki/Pirotecnia" title="Pirotecnia">pirotecnic</a> utilizant d’<a href="/wiki/Explosiu" title="Explosiu">explosius</a> deflagrants visant a produire de son, lutz e fum amb un composicion pirotecnica. Los fuòcs d'artifici son originaris de <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a>, ont se desvolopèron a partir de la <a href="/wiki/Polvera" title="Polvera">polvera</a> abans d'èsser importats en Euròpa, ont d’<a href="/wiki/Alquimia" title="Alquimia">alquimistas</a> e pirotecnicians participèron a lor desvolopaement. Son sovent utilizats dins d’espectacles pirotecnics (fèstas nacionalas, <a href="/wiki/An_N%C3%B2u" title="An Nòu">jorn de l'an</a>, eveniments, etc.) e autrescòp per alunhar los esprits malefics. </p><p><br /> <i>Artifici</i> ven del latin <i>artificium</i> que significa <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Istoric"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Las originas exactas de la <a href="/wiki/Polvera" title="Polvera">polvera</a> fan encora debat. En <a href="/wiki/1044" class="mw-redirect" title="1044">1044</a>, lo <i><a href="/wiki/Wujing_Zongyao" title="Wujing Zongyao">Wujing Zongyao</a></i> prepausava una recepta associant <a href="/wiki/Sofre" title="Sofre">sofre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saunitre" title="Saunitre">saunitre</a> e autres <a href="/wiki/Sal_(quimia)" title="Sal (quimia)">sals</a> podent s’abrandar e èsser lançada dempuèi de <a href="/wiki/Catapulta_(arma)" title="Catapulta (arma)">catapultas</a>. </p><p>Al sègle XI, de petards — tubs de pargamin sagelats als tèrmes levat un trauc permetent l’alumatge — foguèron desvelopats, segon una recepta pròche d’aquela de la <a href="/wiki/Polvera" title="Polvera">polvera</a> d’uèi. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1240" class="mw-redirect" title="1240">1240</a>, los <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a> aqueriguèron de coneissenças sus la polvera de canon e sas utilizacions en China. Un Sirian nomenat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hasan_al-Rammah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hasan al-Rammah (la pagina existís pas)">Hasan al-Rammah</a> escriguèt sus las roquetas, los fuòc d'artifici e d'autres encendiaris, utilizant de tèrmes suggerissent que sas coneissença èra de font chinesa, fasent referéncia als fuòcs d’artifif coma de « flors chinesas ». </p><p><a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo" title="Marco Polo">Marco Polo</a> torna la polvera negra en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>. Dins las annadas <a href="/wiki/1235" class="mw-redirect" title="1235">1235</a> a <a href="/wiki/1290" class="mw-redirect" title="1290">1290</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Bacon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Bacon (la pagina existís pas)">Roger Bacon</a>, filosòf e <a href="/wiki/Alquimia" title="Alquimia">alquimista</a> anglés conegut estudia la polvera negra. Descobrís las proporcions menant a la recepta de la polvera de canon e que son confinament es lo secret de l’explosion violenta dels fuòcs d’artifici. Dempuèi, la polvera negra foguèt en parallel utilizada per la guèrra e per las fèstas, fins al sègle <abbr class="abbr" title="[[:Modèl:Nombre roman vers arab]] sègle"><span class="roman">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%"></sup></abbr> ont l'avèniment de la <a href="/wiki/Quimia" title="Quimia">quimia</a> modèrna colora los fuòcs d'artifici qu’èran fins alara blancs o jaune. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1487" class="mw-redirect" title="1487">1487</a>, un primièr espectacle pirotecnic marca en Anglatèrra lo coronament d'Elisabèt d'York. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1572" class="mw-redirect" title="1572">1572</a>, de fuòcs d'artifici sont tirats davant <a href="/wiki/Elisab%C3%A8t_I_d%27Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Elisabèt I d'Anglatèrra">Elisabèth Ia</a>. Un fuòc d’artifici foguèt organizat en 1606, a l'escasença del baptisme del futur <a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_XIII_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Loís XIII de França">Loís XIII</a>, pel duc de Sully davant mai de detz mila personas amassada dins una plana situada a l'Èst de Fontainebleau,. Aquel tirat plaça de las Vòges a París (alara <i>Plaça reiala</i>), pel maridatge d’<a href="/wiki/Ana_d%27%C3%80ustria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ana d'Àustria">Ana d’Àustria</a> amb <a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_XIII_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Loís XIII de França">Loís XIII</a> en <a href="/wiki/1615" class="mw-redirect" title="1615">1615</a> festejant la de las ostilitats entre Borbons e Absborg, es tanben celèbre. Los fuòcs d'artifici se desvelopan subretot al sègle <abbr class="abbr" title="[[:Modèl:Nombre roman vers arab]] sègle"><span class="roman">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%"></sup></abbr> mas provòca d’abrandaments. Un dels mai conegut se debanèt pendent lo maridatge del futur <a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_XVI_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Loís XVI de França">Loís XVI</a> amb la jova <a href="/wiki/Maria_Antonieta_d%27%C3%80ustria" title="Maria Antonieta d'Àustria">Maria Antonieta d’Àustria</a> lo 16 de mai de 1770 : lo fuòc d'artifici sus la plaça Loís XV a París degenèra en encendi e provòca una panica de la fola, fasent 132 mòrts. </p><p>Al nivèl tecnic, John Bate al començament de sègle <abbr class="abbr" title="[[:Modèl:Nombre roman vers arab]] sègle"><span class="roman">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%"></sup></abbr> auça d’explosius jos de sèrp volairas per produire un espectacle de nautor. En <a href="/wiki/1635" class="mw-redirect" title="1635">1635</a>, constata que l’apond de sulfur d'antimòni a sas bombas dona de flamas blavas e que de brigalhs de fèrre produson una coa mai lomunosa. En <a href="/wiki/1786" class="mw-redirect" title="1786">1786</a>, lo quimista francés Claude-Louis Berthollet nòta que lo clorat de potassi intensifica los efièchs colorats de las explosions. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:A_firework_display_-_Ebenezer_Landells_-_possibly_1855.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/A_firework_display_-_Ebenezer_Landells_-_possibly_1855.jpg/220px-A_firework_display_-_Ebenezer_Landells_-_possibly_1855.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/A_firework_display_-_Ebenezer_Landells_-_possibly_1855.jpg/330px-A_firework_display_-_Ebenezer_Landells_-_possibly_1855.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/A_firework_display_-_Ebenezer_Landells_-_possibly_1855.jpg/440px-A_firework_display_-_Ebenezer_Landells_-_possibly_1855.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1689" /></a><figcaption><i>A firework display</i>, París, 1855, par Ebenezer Landells</figcaption></figure> <p>Al començament del sègle <abbr class="abbr" title="[[:Modèl:Nombre roman vers arab]] sègle"><span class="roman">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%"></sup></abbr>, de pirotecnicians coma M.L.E. Audot, Chertier (que publiquèt de centenats de receptas de fuòcs) o Claude-Fortuné Ruggieri - a l’origina de l’entrepresa que pòrta son nom uèi responsable de diferents espectacles dins las mai grandas vilas del mond - listan los compausats quimics produsent d’efièchs notables dins los fuòcs d’artifici e diferents dispositius pirotecnics (candèla romana, rota e fonts de lutz, fusadas sota paracasuda, etc.). A aquela epòca, diferents compausats de fuòc d'artifici son nautament toxics (ex : « Calomela », mercuri ros, o sosclorur de <a href="/wiki/Mercuri_(element)" title="Mercuri (element)">mercuri</a>, realgar (o sulfur roge d'<a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a> o « orpin roge » e regul d'<a href="/wiki/Antim%C3%B2ni" title="Antimòni">antimòni</a>, que donava una flama blanca, sals de barita, mini de plomb que colòra en irange los fuòcs blancs, acetat de coire, carbonat d’<a href="/wiki/Estronci" title="Estronci">estronci</a> donant una color jauna al fuòc, protoxid de <a href="/wiki/Plomb" title="Plomb">plomb</a> donant un « efièch de rai de fuòc » dins los solelhs pirotecnics...) alara que d'autres son encara de produchs naturals e non toxics coma lo <a href="/wiki/Carbon_de_lenha" title="Carbon de lenha">carbon vegetal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saunitre" title="Saunitre">saunitre</a>, goma laca, <a href="/wiki/Seu" title="Seu">seu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sucre" title="Sucre">sucre</a>, carbonat e <a href="/wiki/Idrogenocarbonat_de_s%C3%B2di" title="Idrogenocarbonat de sòdi">bicarbonat de sòdi</a>, particulas de <a href="/wiki/Mica" title="Mica">mica</a> daurada, polvera de licopòd, o encara canfre e benjonh qu’aromatizan los fums per mascar la mala odor de la polvera e unes metals. La limalha de fèrre e de coire e tanben de fonda plegada èran tanben utilizada. </p><p>Las guèrras mondialas son l’escasença de progrès novèls per la quimia industriala e pirotecnica. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principis">Principis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Principis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Principis"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Covarrubias_(RPS_13-07-2014)_pasacalles_pirot%C3%A9cnico.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Covarrubias_%28RPS_13-07-2014%29_pasacalles_pirot%C3%A9cnico.png/220px-Covarrubias_%28RPS_13-07-2014%29_pasacalles_pirot%C3%A9cnico.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Covarrubias_%28RPS_13-07-2014%29_pasacalles_pirot%C3%A9cnico.png/330px-Covarrubias_%28RPS_13-07-2014%29_pasacalles_pirot%C3%A9cnico.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Covarrubias_%28RPS_13-07-2014%29_pasacalles_pirot%C3%A9cnico.png/440px-Covarrubias_%28RPS_13-07-2014%29_pasacalles_pirot%C3%A9cnico.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Passacarrièra pirotecnic a <a href="/wiki/Covarrubias" title="Covarrubias">Covarrubias</a> (Espanha).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Brisbane_Riverfire_2009_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Brisbane_Riverfire_2009_Bridge.jpg/220px-Brisbane_Riverfire_2009_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Brisbane_Riverfire_2009_Bridge.jpg/330px-Brisbane_Riverfire_2009_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Brisbane_Riverfire_2009_Bridge.jpg/440px-Brisbane_Riverfire_2009_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Fuòc d'artifici a <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" class="mw-redirect" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> (Àustralia).</figcaption></figure> <p>Los fuòcs d'artifici fan de bruch quand explosan, mas es subretot lors luses e lors movements que los fan mai atractius. Lo principi de basa dels fuòcs d'artifici repausa sus la combustion pirotecnica, derivat de la polvera originala contenent un compausat oxidant (<a href="/wiki/Nitrat" title="Nitrat">nitrat</a>, clorat o perclorat), que larga d'oxigèn, e un compausat reductor (lo sofre e lo carbòni, en mescla amb de metalloíds coma lo <a href="/wiki/Silici" title="Silici">silici</a> o lo <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2r" title="Bòr">bòr</a>, o dels metals coma lo <a href="/wiki/Magn%C3%A8si" title="Magnèsi">magnèsi</a> e lo <a href="/wiki/Titani" title="Titani">titani</a>) que, lo servís de <a href="/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible">combustible</a>. </p><p>I a d'en primièr l'incandescéncia de las particulas d'oxid metallic, formadas quand la combustion, que l'incandescéncia va del blanc roge (a l’entorn de 1 000 °C) fins al blanc esbleugissent (vèrs 3 000 °C). Aquesta explosion pòrta a nauta temperatura los compausats metallics que donan las colors. </p><p>La tecnica ligada als fuòc d'artifici se nomena la <i><a href="/wiki/Pirotecnia" title="Pirotecnia">pirotecnia</a></i>. </p><p>Los pirotecnicians crean per cada mesa en scèna de <a href="/wiki/Color" title="Color">colors</a> e de ritme, amb a vegada de musica, un tèma, o la creacion d'un païsatge de fuòc. Pels grands espectacles pirotecnics, s’apondon d’efièch de scèna coma de jets d'aiga multicolors, de fuòcs de Bengal, de lança flamas, de <a href="/wiki/Pirotecnia" title="Pirotecnia">cascadas</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Pirotecnia" title="Pirotecnia">fonts</a>, etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_forma">La forma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : La forma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La forma"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Schema_bombe_feu_artifice.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Schema_bombe_feu_artifice.png/220px-Schema_bombe_feu_artifice.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Schema_bombe_feu_artifice.png/330px-Schema_bombe_feu_artifice.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Schema_bombe_feu_artifice.png/440px-Schema_bombe_feu_artifice.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption>Esquèma en seccion verticala d'una bomba de divertiment.</figcaption></figure> <p>Existís diferentas pèças pirotecnicas, caduna produsent un efièch que depend de la composicion o de l’estructura de l'explosiu. Las bombas, boquets, embrasaments, cascadas, solelhs o lo boquet final, son totes menats a partir del meteis principi. </p><p>Las pèças son propulsadas – <a href="/wiki/Pirotecnia" title="Pirotecnia">fusadas</a> (puslèu per amators) – o lançadas per un <a href="/wiki/Morti%C3%A8r_(arma)" title="Mortièr (arma)">mortièr</a> – puslèu reservat als professionals. </p><p>La pèça mai populara es la <i>bomba</i>. Es constituida d'una carga de polvera per la propulsar (la caça) e d'un dispositiu d'alumatge de retardament (l'espoleta) e de bilhas de polvera (las estelas). La disposicion de la estelas a l’entorn de l'alumaire produch dels efièchs diferents donant de peunas, de palmièrs, de castanhas d'aire e quitament de sauses ploraires. Uèi, que las bombas s'etalen encara mai dins lo cèl, los escaitaires son enforçats d'una carga explosiva, expulsant tanben las estelas sus un rai fòrça mai espandit. Existís tanben de bombas de diferents estatges avent caduna lor compartiment de propulsion e d'estelas. L'explosion de cada compartiment abranda lo dispositiu de retardament del compartiment seguent, donant diferentas explosions successivas. </p><p>La castanha d'aire fa mai sovent la dobertura de l’espectacle. Produch subretot un fòrça fòrt bruch d'explosion. </p><p>Varianta de la bomba, la comèta, propulsada mejans l'ajuda d'un mortièr, produch una coa incandescenta tot lo long de sa trajectòria. </p><p><br /> S’encontra ara de fuòcs d'artifici donant una aparéncia visuala reconeissabla, mai sovent d’emoticònas en forma de <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B2r" title="Còr">còr</a> o de smiley o encora d’estelast cercladas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colors">Colors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Colors" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Colors"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Segon los materials utilizats, es possible de variar las colors: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg/220px-Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg/330px-Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg/440px-Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>La combustion del coire dona una flama blava verda.</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="background:#F7F8FF;color:black"> <tbody><tr> <th>Color </th> <th>Element </th> <th>Compausats possibles </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#50007F"><span style="color: #fff;">Violet</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Potassi" title="Potassi">Potassi</a> </td> <td>Jos forma de <a href="/wiki/Nitrat" title="Nitrat">Nitrat</a> (KNO<sub>3</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) o clorat (KClO<sub>3</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>);o plan mescla d’estronsi (roge) e de coire (blau) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#0000FF"><span style="color: #fff;">Blau</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coire" title="Coire">Coire</a> </td> <td>Jos forma de <a href="/wiki/Clorur" title="Clorur">Clorur</a> (CuCl<sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) o <a href="/wiki/Sulfat" title="Sulfat">Sulfat</a> (CuSO<sub>4</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#00FF00">Verd </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bari_(element)" title="Bari (element)">Bari</a> </td> <td>Jos forma de nitrat (Ba(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>), clorur de bari (BaCl<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) o clorat (Ba(ClO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">Jaune </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B2di" title="Sòdi">Sòdi</a> </td> <td>Jos forma d’oxalat (COONa<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>), <a href="/wiki/Oxid" title="Oxid">Oxid</a> (Na<sub>2</sub>O<sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) o nitrat (NaNO<sub>3</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FF8000">Iranjat </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calci" title="Calci">Calci</a> </td> <td>Nitrat de calci (Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#DF0000"><span style="color: #fff;">Roge</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Estronci" title="Estronci">Strontium</a> </td> <td>Jos forma de nitrat (Sr(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>), idroxid (Sr(OH)<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>), clorur (SrCl<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>), oxid (SrO<sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) o de carbonats (SrCO<sub>3</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub> o Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF">Blanc </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Magn%C3%A8si" title="Magnèsi">Magnèsi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alumini" title="Alumini">Alumini</a> </td> <td>Polvera (Mg, Al) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFD700">Daurat </td> <td><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8rre" title="Fèrre">Fèrre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carb%C3%B2ni" title="Carbòni">Carbòni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sofre" title="Sofre">Sofre</a> </td> <td>Limalha (Fe) e <a href="/wiki/Olha" title="Olha">carbon</a> (C, S) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#BFBFBF">Argentat </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Titani" title="Titani">Titani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alumini" title="Alumini">Alumini</a> </td> <td>Polvera (Ti, Al) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belujament </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antim%C3%B2ni" title="Antimòni">Antimòni</a> </td> <td>(Sb) Compausat toxic quina que siá las formas. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belugas </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alumini" title="Alumini">Alumini</a> </td> <td>Granas (Al) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fums </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a> </td> <td>Polvera (Zn) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competicions">Competicions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Competicions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Competicions"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Existís de Compericions Internacionalas de Fuòcs d'Artifici jos diferents formats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Riscs,_dangièrs,_pollucions,_precaucions"><span id="Riscs.2C_dangi.C3.A8rs.2C_pollucions.2C_precaucions"></span>Riscs, dangièrs, pollucions, precaucions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Riscs, dangièrs, pollucions, precaucions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Riscs, dangièrs, pollucions, precaucions"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Handwrist.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Handwrist.jpg/220px-Handwrist.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Handwrist.jpg/330px-Handwrist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Handwrist.jpg/440px-Handwrist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption>Radiografia d'una man nafrada per l'explosion d'un <i>fuòc d'artifici</i> realizat a l’ostal.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dangièrs"><span id="Dangi.C3.A8rs"></span>Dangièrs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Dangièrs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Dangièrs"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Los fuòcs d'artifici son assimilables a d’<a href="/wiki/Explosiu" title="Explosiu">explosius</a> que en Euròpa, per estalivar los panatòris e deviament devon èsser, dempuèi abril de 2015 l'objècte d'una exigéncia de marcatge e de traçabilitat, del luòc de produccion d’utilisaire final e a son utilizacion finala en passant per sa sèrva e venda. D’accidents a vegada mortals son regularament signalats, e d’<a href="/wiki/Incendi" title="Incendi">incendis</a> de bòsc o de damatges suls bastits o veïculs de transpòrts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impacte_environamental">Impacte environamental</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : Impacte environamental" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Impacte environamental"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Loy_Krathong_Nov2004_SeanMcClean.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Loy_Krathong_Nov2004_SeanMcClean.jpg/220px-Loy_Krathong_Nov2004_SeanMcClean.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Loy_Krathong_Nov2004_SeanMcClean.jpg/330px-Loy_Krathong_Nov2004_SeanMcClean.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Loy_Krathong_Nov2004_SeanMcClean.jpg/440px-Loy_Krathong_Nov2004_SeanMcClean.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="549" /></a><figcaption>Foguèt provat a <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> que lo <a href="/wiki/Fum" title="Fum">fum</a> d'un fuòc d'artifici equivaliá a una pollucion recòrd de particulas finas, mas la toxicitat d’aqueles fums sus l'òme, l'enfant o l'<a href="/wiki/Environament" title="Environament">environament</a> sembla pas aver estat estudiada.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:EU-FR-AL-67-S%C3%A9lestat-feux-artifice03-09-2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/EU-FR-AL-67-S%C3%A9lestat-feux-artifice03-09-2006.jpg/220px-EU-FR-AL-67-S%C3%A9lestat-feux-artifice03-09-2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/EU-FR-AL-67-S%C3%A9lestat-feux-artifice03-09-2006.jpg/330px-EU-FR-AL-67-S%C3%A9lestat-feux-artifice03-09-2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/EU-FR-AL-67-S%C3%A9lestat-feux-artifice03-09-2006.jpg/440px-EU-FR-AL-67-S%C3%A9lestat-feux-artifice03-09-2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>Lo rai blau materializa las particulas en suspens, contenent una cèrta quantitat de metals coneguts coma toxics.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Charki_2016-10-29_162458.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Charki_2016-10-29_162458.jpg/220px-Charki_2016-10-29_162458.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Charki_2016-10-29_162458.jpg/330px-Charki_2016-10-29_162458.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Charki_2016-10-29_162458.jpg/440px-Charki_2016-10-29_162458.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>Exemple de pichon fuòc d'artifici individual, fòrça popular en Índia mas tanben fòrça polluant per l'aire.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Sparklers_at_Diwali_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Sparklers_at_Diwali_2010.jpg/220px-Sparklers_at_Diwali_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Sparklers_at_Diwali_2010.jpg/330px-Sparklers_at_Diwali_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Sparklers_at_Diwali_2010.jpg/440px-Sparklers_at_Diwali_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>Sparklers, polluants, mas veguts fòrça populars (per <a href="/wiki/Divali" title="Divali">Diwali</a> de 2010).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Saram_(15681014855).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Saram_%2815681014855%29.jpg/220px-Saram_%2815681014855%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Saram_%2815681014855%29.jpg/330px-Saram_%2815681014855%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Saram_%2815681014855%29.jpg/440px-Saram_%2815681014855%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3984" data-file-height="2916" /></a><figcaption>Petards de fèsta en cors d'explosion (Índia).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Rangmashal_2016-10-29_161948.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Rangmashal_2016-10-29_161948.jpg/220px-Rangmashal_2016-10-29_161948.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Rangmashal_2016-10-29_161948.jpg/330px-Rangmashal_2016-10-29_161948.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Rangmashal_2016-10-29_161948.jpg/440px-Rangmashal_2016-10-29_161948.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>Autre exemple de fuòc d'artifici individual, popular en Índia.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Diwali_2012_(8313352297).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Diwali_2012_%288313352297%29.jpg/220px-Diwali_2012_%288313352297%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Diwali_2012_%288313352297%29.jpg/330px-Diwali_2012_%288313352297%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Diwali_2012_%288313352297%29.jpg/440px-Diwali_2012_%288313352297%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2381" data-file-height="1696" /></a><figcaption>Fum dens emesa pels fuòcs d'artifici per <a href="/wiki/Divali" title="Divali">Diwali</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Diwali_in_Pune_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Diwali_in_Pune_2012.jpg/220px-Diwali_in_Pune_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Diwali_in_Pune_2012.jpg/330px-Diwali_in_Pune_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Diwali_in_Pune_2012.jpg/440px-Diwali_in_Pune_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1523" /></a><figcaption>Per <i><a href="/wiki/Divali" title="Divali">Divali</a></i> los fuòcs d'artifici alimentan un nívol de pollucion que s'espandís sus una granda partida d’Índia.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pel mond, en mejana annala e comparat a totas las fonts de particulas primas e autres polluants emés sus una annada entièra, los fuòcs d'artifici e autres espectacles pirotecnics arriban luènh enrè de las autras fonts antropicas (emissions rotièras, caufatge, coseson al fuòc, centralas termicas) e incendis de bosc. Son pasmens pas negligiblas: lo taus de particul emés per un fuòc de bengal o un fuòc d'artifici atench o passa aquel del fum d'una barbacoa, mas los polluants pirotecnics son mai acids e contenon en mai d'autres polluants (metal toxics per exemple). La toxicitat de las emissions pirotecnicas depend plan mai de la natura dels polluants que de lor quantitat. Depend de la quantitat de polvera, del tipe d'oxidant utilizat, dels metals utilizats per produire las colors cercadas, del metòde e nautor de lançament e fin finala de la meteorologia. Los grands fuòcs d'artifici provòca de pics de pollucion, que duran a vegad de jorns. </p><p>Largan en efièch dins la <a href="/wiki/Troposf%C3%A8ra" title="Troposfèra">troposfèra</a> (bassas sisas de l'atmosfèra) dels gases e dels fums (aerosols de micro- e nanoparticulas) podent conténer de rèstes de nitrats, de sulfats, de perclorats e de metals toxics (e/o catalitics) presents a l'estat de traças, mas jos forma <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ionica</a> solublas dins l'aiga e inalable,,,,,,,, ; e tanben amb fòrça produchs classificats de<a href="/wiki/Toxicologia" title="Toxicologia">toxics</a> e/o polluants. Subretot, libèran jos forma de particulas inalablas de moleculas o compausada de <a href="/wiki/Bari_(element)" title="Bari (element)">bari</a>, d’<a href="/wiki/Estronci" title="Estronci">estronci</a>, d'<a href="/wiki/Antim%C3%B2ni" title="Antimòni">antimòni</a> e d'autres metals alara largament epandits dins l'aire. </p><p>Aqueles metals non degradables son susceptibles d'èsser inalats amb fèblas dòsis pel public, los animals e/o de tornar dins los rius près de que se debana l’espectacle (que los conceptors d‘espectacles pirotecnics aprecian la proximitat de la mar o d’un plans d'aiga per profitar de l'« <i>efièch miralh</i> » e qu'ofrisson de bona condicion se seguretat e d’evacuacion del public). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vejatz_tanben">Vejatz tanben</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Vejatz tanben" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Vejatz tanben"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fu%C3%B2c_d%27artifici&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kevin Salatino, Art incendiaire. La représentation des feux d’artifice en Europe au début des Temps modernes, Macula, 2015, 168 p.</li> <li>Urs von Arx (de) : <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bafu.admin.ch/publikationen/publikation/01789/?lang=fr">Feux d’artifice: Impacts sur l’environnement et aspects de sécurité</a></i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=2014_en_litt%C3%A9rature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2014 en littérature (la pagina existís pas)">2014</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ral_de_l%27environnement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office fédéral de l'environnement (la pagina existís pas)">Office fédéral de l'environnement</a>.</li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span> Ronald A. Sasse, <a href="/w/index.php?title=1981_en_litt%C3%A9rature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1981 en littérature (la pagina existís pas)">1981</a>, <i>The Influence of Physical Properties on Black PowderCombustion</i>, US NTIS (en) Report AD-A100273/2.</li> <li>Elise Thiébaut, Thierry Nava et Christophe Berthonneau, <i>Groupe F - Le théâtre du feu</i>, Actes Sud, <a href="/wiki/Arle" title="Arle">Arles</a>, 2002, <a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/2742738355" title="Especial:Obratge de referéncia/2742738355">ISBN: 2742738355</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span> Rév. Ronald Lancaster (en), <a href="/w/index.php?title=1998_en_litt%C3%A9rature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1998 en littérature (la pagina existís pas)">1998</a>, <i>Fireworks Principles and Practice</i>, Chemical Publishing Co Inc, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B2va_York" title="Nòva York">New York</a>, 3<sup>en</sup> éd.,</li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span> Michael S. Russel, <a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_en_litt%C3%A9rature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2009 en littérature (la pagina existís pas)">2009</a>, <i>The Chemistry of Fireworks</i>, 2e édition, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Society_of_Chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Society of Chemistry (la pagina existís pas)">Royal Society of Chemistry</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="pagina(s)">p.</abbr> 2-15</span>.</li> <li>Joly, A. Smargiassi, T. Kosatsky, M. Fournier, E. Dabek-Zlotorzynska, V. Celo, D. Mathieu, R. Servranckx, R. D'amours, A. Malo, J. Brook (2010) <i>Characterisation of particulate exposure during fireworks displays</i> | Atmos. Environ., 44 , <span style="white-space:nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="pagina(s)">p.</abbr> 4325–4329</span></li> <li>Didier Brunel, <i>Le grand livre des feux d'artifice</i>, CNRS Éditions, <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs_(Fran%C3%A7a)" class="mw-redirect" title="París (França)">Paris</a>, 2004, <a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/227106192X" title="Especial:Obratge de referéncia/227106192X">ISBN: 227106192X</a>.</li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="En anglés">(<abbr title="">en</abbr>)</span> Alan St. H Brock, <a href="/w/index.php?title=1949_en_litt%C3%A9rature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949 en littérature (la pagina existís pas)">1949</a>, <i>A History of Fireworks</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Godfrey_Harrap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Godfrey Harrap (la pagina existís pas)">G. G. Haraap & Co. 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