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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Abolition of Slavery</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">22,718 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Abolition of Slavery</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Abolition_of_Slavery">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30223641" data-work_id="30223641" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30223641/Legal_Post_Racialism_as_an_Instrument_of_Racial_Compromise_in_Shelby_County_v_Holder">Legal Post-Racialism as an Instrument of Racial Compromise in Shelby County v. 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30223641]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30223641").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30223641").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30223641"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="542" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence">Jurisprudence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="542" type="text/json">{"id":542,"name":"Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3277" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism">Race and Racism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3277" type="text/json">{"id":3277,"name":"Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5247" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Race_Theory">Critical Race Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5247" type="text/json">{"id":5247,"name":"Critical Race Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Race_Theory?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30223641]'), work: {"id":30223641,"title":"Legal Post-Racialism as an Instrument of Racial Compromise in Shelby County v. 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Se trata de un argumento dramático de gran actualidad, pues desafía los tópicos racistas, planteando la igualdad entre las personas.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42638765" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0f341fcac8eb3dc4db3ac81c1a076a25" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62844335,"asset_id":42638765,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62844335/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1959525" href="https://concepta-net.academia.edu/AureliaMart%C3%ADnCasares">Aurelia Martín-Casares</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1959525" type="text/json">{"id":1959525,"first_name":"Aurelia","last_name":"Martín-Casares","domain_name":"concepta-net","page_name":"AureliaMartínCasares","display_name":"Aurelia Martín-Casares","profile_url":"https://concepta-net.academia.edu/AureliaMart%C3%ADnCasares?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1959525/3535686/4150950/s65_aurelia.mart_n-casares.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42638765 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42638765"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42638765, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42638765", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42638765]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42638765").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42638765").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42638765"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4154" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iberian_Studies">Iberian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4154" type="text/json">{"id":4154,"name":"Iberian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iberian_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7354" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Europe">Early Modern Europe</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7354" type="text/json">{"id":7354,"name":"Early Modern Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Europe?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42638765]'), work: {"id":42638765,"title":"Negros y mulatos libres sirviendo en las tropas reales españolas","created_at":"2020-04-06T03:14:20.563-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42638765/Negros_y_mulatos_libres_sirviendo_en_las_tropas_reales_espa%C3%B1olas?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_42638765","summary":"En este capítulo de libro abordo el papel de los milicianos de origen ne- groafricano en la defensa de ciudades, pueblos y puertos hispanoame- ricanos, para después relacionarlo con una comedia poco conocida del Siglo de Oro, titulada \"El valiente negro en Flandes\", de Andrés de Claramonte y Corroy, cuyo protagonista es un esclavo que lucha en los Tercios de Flandes. Se trata de un argumento dramático de gran actualidad, pues desafía los tópicos racistas, planteando la igualdad entre las personas.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62844335,"asset_id":42638765,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":62844300,"asset_id":42638765,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1959525,"first_name":"Aurelia","last_name":"Martín-Casares","domain_name":"concepta-net","page_name":"AureliaMartínCasares","display_name":"Aurelia Martín-Casares","profile_url":"https://concepta-net.academia.edu/AureliaMart%C3%ADnCasares?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1959525/3535686/4150950/s65_aurelia.mart_n-casares.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4154,"name":"Iberian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iberian_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7354,"name":"Early Modern Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Europe?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":19040,"name":"Caribbean Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":42066,"name":"Early modern Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Spain?f_ri=7643"},{"id":74417,"name":"Slavery in the Americas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery_in_the_Americas?f_ri=7643"},{"id":75988,"name":"Militias","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Militias?f_ri=7643"},{"id":96089,"name":"Soldiers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soldiers?f_ri=7643"},{"id":215676,"name":"Legal History of Slavery and its Abolition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History_of_Slavery_and_its_Abolition?f_ri=7643"},{"id":380456,"name":"Colonial Troops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonial_Troops?f_ri=7643"},{"id":635873,"name":"Comparative Slavery in the Early Modern Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Slavery_in_the_Early_Modern_Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643"},{"id":1767039,"name":"Modern History of Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History_of_Latin_America?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40792189" data-work_id="40792189" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40792189/Slaves_Sheikhs_and_Sovereignty_British_Imperial_Sovereignty_versus_a_Sheikh_s_Local_Autonomy_in_the_Trucial_States_in_1931">Slaves, Sheikhs, and Sovereignty: British Imperial Sovereignty versus a Sheikh’s Local Autonomy in the Trucial States in 1931</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Focusing my study on one manumission case from early 1931 documented within the records of the British India Office, I argue that the conflict described within where the Sheikh of Sharjah sought to challenge British authority to manumit... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40792189" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Focusing my study on one manumission case from early 1931 documented within the records of the British India Office, I argue that the conflict described within where the Sheikh of Sharjah sought to challenge British authority to manumit slaves in his town demonstrates issues of sovereignty and authority between the sheikh of Sharjah and the British Political Agent in Bushire stemming from the legal imperialism of Britain embedded within the treaties signed between the two political actors. In the anti-slavery clauses of these treaties, Britain held the right to manumit slaves hailing from the Trucial States. However, in the case under review, the enactment of this right led to push back from the sheikh and a slave owner in the form of armed protest outside the British Resident Agent’s home in Sharjah. This, in turn, led to British demandfor restitution in the form of fines, threatening to destroy a nearby tower if left unpaid. This case also demonstrates the role of the Resident Agent as an inter-state intermediary whose position can be described as trans-jurisdictional as he often worked in favor of the local slave owners within the Trucial states as much as he worked for and was considered an advisor by British officialdom in the Persian Gulf. I further argue that British intervention in the Arabian Sea constituted legal imperialism despite the lack of outright colonization of the Trucial sheikhdoms because the basis of Britain’s claims rested upon the enactment of several treaties and the implicit recognition of the claims by the growingly influential international community.Focusing my study on one manumission case from early 1931 documented within therecords of the British India Office, I argue that the conflict described within where the Sheikh ofSharjah sought to challenge British authority to manumit slaves in his town demonstrates issuesof sovereignty and authority between the sheikh of Sharjah and the British Political Agent inBushire stemming from the legal imperialism of Britain embedded within the treaties signedbetween the two political actors. In the anti-slavery clauses of these treaties, Britain held theright to manumit slaves hailing from the Trucial states. However, in the case under review, theenactment of this right led to push back from the sheikh and a slave owner in the form of armedprotest outside the British Resident Agent’s home in Sharjah. This, in turn, led to British demandfor restitution in the form of fines, threatening to destroy a nearby tower if left unpaid. In myopinion, this case also demonstrates the role of the Resident Agent as an inter-state intermediarywhose position can be described as trans-jurisdictional as he often worked in favor of the localslave owners within the Trucial states as much as he worked for and was considered an advisorby British officialdom in the Persian Gulf. I further argue that British intervention in the ArabianSea constituted legal imperialism despite the lack of outright colonization of the Trucial sheikhdoms because the basis of Britain’s claims rested upon the enactment of several treatiesand the implicit recognition of the claims by the growingly influential international community.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40792189" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="12458fea7a186a88b54310ccf9a893b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61073673,"asset_id":40792189,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61073673/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43411150" href="https://arizona.academia.edu/nicolejcrisp">Nicole J Crisp</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43411150" type="text/json">{"id":43411150,"first_name":"Nicole","last_name":"Crisp","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"nicolejcrisp","display_name":"Nicole J Crisp","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/nicolejcrisp?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43411150/11624514/35055443/s65_nicole.crisp.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40792189 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40792189"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40792189, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40792189", }); 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In the anti-slavery clauses of these treaties, Britain held the right to manumit slaves hailing from the Trucial States. However, in the case under review, the enactment of this right led to push back from the sheikh and a slave owner in the form of armed protest outside the British Resident Agent’s home in Sharjah. This, in turn, led to British demandfor restitution in the form of fines, threatening to destroy a nearby tower if left unpaid. This case also demonstrates the role of the Resident Agent as an inter-state intermediary whose position can be described as trans-jurisdictional as he often worked in favor of the local slave owners within the Trucial states as much as he worked for and was considered an advisor by British officialdom in the Persian Gulf. I further argue that British intervention in the Arabian Sea constituted legal imperialism despite the lack of outright colonization of the Trucial sheikhdoms because the basis of Britain’s claims rested upon the enactment of several treaties and the implicit recognition of the claims by the growingly influential international community.Focusing my study on one manumission case from early 1931 documented within therecords of the British India Office, I argue that the conflict described within where the Sheikh ofSharjah sought to challenge British authority to manumit slaves in his town demonstrates issuesof sovereignty and authority between the sheikh of Sharjah and the British Political Agent inBushire stemming from the legal imperialism of Britain embedded within the treaties signedbetween the two political actors. In the anti-slavery clauses of these treaties, Britain held theright to manumit slaves hailing from the Trucial states. However, in the case under review, theenactment of this right led to push back from the sheikh and a slave owner in the form of armedprotest outside the British Resident Agent’s home in Sharjah. This, in turn, led to British demandfor restitution in the form of fines, threatening to destroy a nearby tower if left unpaid. In myopinion, this case also demonstrates the role of the Resident Agent as an inter-state intermediarywhose position can be described as trans-jurisdictional as he often worked in favor of the localslave owners within the Trucial states as much as he worked for and was considered an advisorby British officialdom in the Persian Gulf. I further argue that British intervention in the ArabianSea constituted legal imperialism despite the lack of outright colonization of the Trucial sheikhdoms because the basis of Britain’s claims rested upon the enactment of several treatiesand the implicit recognition of the claims by the growingly influential international community.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61073673,"asset_id":40792189,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43411150,"first_name":"Nicole","last_name":"Crisp","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"nicolejcrisp","display_name":"Nicole J Crisp","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/nicolejcrisp?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43411150/11624514/35055443/s65_nicole.crisp.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":15150,"name":"British Imperial and Colonial History (1600 - )","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Imperial_and_Colonial_History_1600_-_?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":25166,"name":"20th Century","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/20th_Century?f_ri=7643"},{"id":92835,"name":"Trucial States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trucial_States?f_ri=7643"},{"id":215676,"name":"Legal History of Slavery and its Abolition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History_of_Slavery_and_its_Abolition?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41021039" data-work_id="41021039" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41021039/Margaret_s_Freedom_Suit_against_William_Muzzy_of_Lexington_Massachusetts_1768_1770_A_Research_Summary">Margaret’s Freedom Suit against William Muzzy of Lexington, Massachusetts, 1768–1770: A Research Summary</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41021039" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a507f29416d1f199364f61e43892d14b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61300842,"asset_id":41021039,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61300842/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5463345" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardLBell">Edward L. Bell</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5463345" type="text/json">{"id":5463345,"first_name":"Edward L.","last_name":"Bell","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EdwardLBell","display_name":"Edward L. Bell","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardLBell?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5463345/2463246/2862621/s65_edward_l..bell.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41021039 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41021039"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41021039, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41021039", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41021039 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41021039; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41021039"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41021039 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41021039"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41021039; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41021039]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41021039").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41021039").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41021039"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="296" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies">Black Studies Or African American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="296" type="text/json">{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3772" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History">Legal History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3772" type="text/json">{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41021039]'), work: {"id":41021039,"title":"Margaret’s Freedom Suit against William Muzzy of Lexington, Massachusetts, 1768–1770: A Research Summary","created_at":"2019-11-22T06:55:04.532-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41021039/Margaret_s_Freedom_Suit_against_William_Muzzy_of_Lexington_Massachusetts_1768_1770_A_Research_Summary?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_41021039","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61300842,"asset_id":41021039,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5463345,"first_name":"Edward L.","last_name":"Bell","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EdwardLBell","display_name":"Edward L. Bell","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EdwardLBell?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5463345/2463246/2862621/s65_edward_l..bell.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":52690,"name":"History of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Law?f_ri=7643"},{"id":215676,"name":"Legal History of Slavery and its Abolition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History_of_Slavery_and_its_Abolition?f_ri=7643"},{"id":310001,"name":"Massachusetts History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Massachusetts_History?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33119905" data-work_id="33119905" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33119905/The_Clearing_Divine_Paradox_in_Moby_Dick_and_Beloved">The Clearing: Divine Paradox in Moby-Dick and Beloved</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Though distant in subject, structure and narrative voice, these two novels, Herman Melville‘s Moby-Dick and Toni Morrison‘s Beloved, share unexpected common ground. Both are remarkable for their breathtaking poetic treatment of suffering,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33119905" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Though distant in subject, structure and narrative voice, these two novels, Herman Melville‘s Moby-Dick and Toni Morrison‘s Beloved, share unexpected common ground. Both are remarkable for their breathtaking poetic treatment of suffering, brutal exploitation and killing. Both weave their narrative fabric in the rich territory where the struggle for survival overlaps with a desperate will to break barriers. And both, somehow, amidst the carnage, create an opening through which reaches the presence of the divine.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33119905" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cf67690eea644a41a749e98179116cbc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53213566,"asset_id":33119905,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53213566/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26869760" href="https://pacifica.academia.edu/FeliciaChavez">Felicia Chavez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26869760" type="text/json">{"id":26869760,"first_name":"Felicia","last_name":"Chavez","domain_name":"pacifica","page_name":"FeliciaChavez","display_name":"Felicia Chavez","profile_url":"https://pacifica.academia.edu/FeliciaChavez?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/1cf0fb8e63b325ab299c0b69cac608ae?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33119905 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33119905"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33119905, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33119905", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33119905]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33119905").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33119905").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33119905"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jungian_psychology">Jungian psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5472" type="text/json">{"id":5472,"name":"Jungian psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jungian_psychology?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16537" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/White_Supremacy">White Supremacy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16537" type="text/json">{"id":16537,"name":"White Supremacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/White_Supremacy?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33119905]'), work: {"id":33119905,"title":"The Clearing: Divine Paradox in Moby-Dick and Beloved","created_at":"2017-05-20T16:25:19.454-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33119905/The_Clearing_Divine_Paradox_in_Moby_Dick_and_Beloved?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_33119905","summary":"Though distant in subject, structure and narrative voice, these two novels, Herman Melville‘s Moby-Dick and Toni Morrison‘s Beloved, share unexpected common ground. Both are remarkable for their breathtaking poetic treatment of suffering, brutal exploitation and killing. Both weave their narrative fabric in the rich territory where the struggle for survival overlaps with a desperate will to break barriers. And both, somehow, amidst the carnage, create an opening through which reaches the presence of the divine.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53213566,"asset_id":33119905,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26869760,"first_name":"Felicia","last_name":"Chavez","domain_name":"pacifica","page_name":"FeliciaChavez","display_name":"Felicia Chavez","profile_url":"https://pacifica.academia.edu/FeliciaChavez?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/1cf0fb8e63b325ab299c0b69cac608ae?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":5472,"name":"Jungian psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jungian_psychology?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":16537,"name":"White Supremacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/White_Supremacy?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":18021,"name":"Paradoxes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paradoxes?f_ri=7643"},{"id":39074,"name":"Animal-Human Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal-Human_Interaction?f_ri=7643"},{"id":54066,"name":"Sperm Whales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sperm_Whales?f_ri=7643"},{"id":89242,"name":"Marie-Louise von Franz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marie-Louise_von_Franz?f_ri=7643"},{"id":257714,"name":"Divinity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Divinity?f_ri=7643"},{"id":638232,"name":"Beloved by Toni Morrison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beloved_by_Toni_Morrison?f_ri=7643"},{"id":1138617,"name":"Moby-Dick. Herman Melville","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moby-Dick._Herman_Melville?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29486075" data-work_id="29486075" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29486075/THE_DIASPORA_OF_SIERRA_LEONES_LIBERATED_AFRICANS_ENLISTMENT_FORCED_MIGRATION_AND_LIBERATION_AT_FREETOWN_1808_1863">THE DIASPORA OF SIERRA LEONE'S LIBERATED AFRICANS: ENLISTMENT, FORCED MIGRATION, AND " LIBERATION " AT FREETOWN, 1808-1863</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29486075" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="61bc6a1063aa1bcecf30af47844e915e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49926619,"asset_id":29486075,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49926619/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="727762" href="https://aberdeen.academia.edu/RAnderson">Richard P Anderson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="727762" type="text/json">{"id":727762,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Anderson","domain_name":"aberdeen","page_name":"RAnderson","display_name":"Richard P Anderson","profile_url":"https://aberdeen.academia.edu/RAnderson?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/727762/294648/19173978/s65_richard.anderson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29486075 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29486075"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29486075, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29486075", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29486075]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29486075").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29486075").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29486075"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sierra_Leone">Sierra Leone</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13047" type="text/json">{"id":13047,"name":"Sierra Leone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sierra_Leone?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="435772" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberated_Africans">Liberated Africans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="435772" type="text/json">{"id":435772,"name":"Liberated Africans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberated_Africans?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29486075]'), work: {"id":29486075,"title":"THE DIASPORA OF SIERRA LEONE'S LIBERATED AFRICANS: ENLISTMENT, FORCED MIGRATION, AND \" LIBERATION \" AT FREETOWN, 1808-1863","created_at":"2016-10-27T20:16:45.702-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29486075/THE_DIASPORA_OF_SIERRA_LEONES_LIBERATED_AFRICANS_ENLISTMENT_FORCED_MIGRATION_AND_LIBERATION_AT_FREETOWN_1808_1863?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_29486075","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49926619,"asset_id":29486075,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":727762,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Anderson","domain_name":"aberdeen","page_name":"RAnderson","display_name":"Richard P Anderson","profile_url":"https://aberdeen.academia.edu/RAnderson?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/727762/294648/19173978/s65_richard.anderson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":13047,"name":"Sierra Leone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sierra_Leone?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":435772,"name":"Liberated Africans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberated_Africans?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7758864" data-work_id="7758864" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7758864/Robert_Burns_Recovering_Scotlands_Memory_of_the_Black_Atlantic">Robert Burns: Recovering Scotland's Memory of the Black Atlantic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article contributes to the reassessment of Scottish history and identity in light of the recovery of its connections with black Atlantic issues such as slavery and empire. The ‘paradox’ of the national bard seeking employment as a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7758864" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article contributes to the reassessment of Scottish history and identity in light of the recovery of its connections with black Atlantic issues such as slavery and empire. The ‘paradox’ of the national bard seeking employment as a book-keeper on Jamaica remains an uncomfortable area for modern Scotland. This article considers Burns's biographical and textual (dis-)entanglement with the Caribbean in relation to the subsequent competition over his memory. It reads Robert Burns as a lieu de mémoire (Pierre Nora) that opens up a conflicted account of the nature of free labour ideology, slavery and abolition in the late eighteenth century.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7758864" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a373efd06f4d890c81eda6d51acaaf89" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53976539,"asset_id":7758864,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53976539/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2605270" href="https://dundee.academia.edu/MichaelMorris">Michael Morris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2605270" type="text/json">{"id":2605270,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Morris","domain_name":"dundee","page_name":"MichaelMorris","display_name":"Michael Morris","profile_url":"https://dundee.academia.edu/MichaelMorris?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2605270/822124/3912887/s65_michael.morris.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7758864 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7758864"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7758864, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7758864", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7758864]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7758864").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7758864").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7758864"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Literature">Scottish Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18" type="text/json">{"id":18,"name":"Scottish Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Literature?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="296" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies">Black Studies Or African American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="296" type="text/json">{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1250" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History">Latin American and Caribbean History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1250" type="text/json">{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4121" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World">Atlantic World</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4121" type="text/json">{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7758864]'), work: {"id":7758864,"title":"Robert Burns: Recovering Scotland's Memory of the Black Atlantic","created_at":"2014-07-23T06:47:35.527-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7758864/Robert_Burns_Recovering_Scotlands_Memory_of_the_Black_Atlantic?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_7758864","summary":"This article contributes to the reassessment of Scottish history and identity in light of the recovery of its connections with black Atlantic issues such as slavery and empire. The ‘paradox’ of the national bard seeking employment as a book-keeper on Jamaica remains an uncomfortable area for modern Scotland. This article considers Burns's biographical and textual (dis-)entanglement with the Caribbean in relation to the subsequent competition over his memory. It reads Robert Burns as a lieu de mémoire (Pierre Nora) that opens up a conflicted account of the nature of free labour ideology, slavery and abolition in the late eighteenth century.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53976539,"asset_id":7758864,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2605270,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Morris","domain_name":"dundee","page_name":"MichaelMorris","display_name":"Michael Morris","profile_url":"https://dundee.academia.edu/MichaelMorris?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2605270/822124/3912887/s65_michael.morris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":18,"name":"Scottish Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Literature?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":5634,"name":"Scottish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_History?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6027,"name":"Enlightenment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enlightenment?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7675,"name":"Scottish Enlightenment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Enlightenment?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7945,"name":"Caribbean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":8085,"name":"Scottish Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scottish_Diaspora?f_ri=7643"},{"id":9234,"name":"Robert Burns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Robert_Burns?f_ri=7643"},{"id":27510,"name":"Black Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Atlantic?f_ri=7643"},{"id":71068,"name":"Hannah More","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hannah_More?f_ri=7643"},{"id":166691,"name":"Middle Passage, Atlantic World Slavery, African Diaspora, Slavery and Medicine, Black Women's History, Violence Studies, Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Passage_Atlantic_World_Slavery_African_Diaspora_Slavery_and_Medicine_Black_Womens_Histor?f_ri=7643"},{"id":1001498,"name":"Indenture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indenture?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13823064" data-work_id="13823064" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13823064/History_Memory_and_the_1811_German_Coast_Events">History, Memory and the 1811 German Coast Events</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Paper presented June 4, 2015, to the General Philemon Thomas Chapter, Sons of the American Revolution. The paper challenges existing scholarship on events popularly described as the "1811 German Coast Slave Uprising." A white blood... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13823064" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Paper presented June 4, 2015, to the General Philemon Thomas Chapter, Sons of the American Revolution. The paper challenges existing scholarship on events popularly described as the "1811 German Coast Slave Uprising." <br /><br />A white blood thirst certainly occurred during the events which occurred on the cusp of Congress' vote to allow the Territory of Orleans to petition for statehood. Many in Congress opposed the expansion of the nation's slavery over so vast an area which would be carved into numerous states, and they also voted, on the losing side, to provide full citizenship and voting rights to the considerable population of free people of color. French elite in the territory were apoplectic enough to hear of efforts to end slavery, much less to imagine that they might have to share voting rights with a subordinate class of individuals, the gens de couleur libre.<br /><br />These events occurred in the midst of two fully documented 'rebellions', i.e., that of the 1810  West Florida Rebellion and that of East Florida, also known as The Patriots' War, the following year, 1812. The paper argues that the three events are inextricably linked and must be viewed in that context.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13823064" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="48f095156009cd520ee0c22cd99908b8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38135720,"asset_id":13823064,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38135720/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1953613" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FerninEaton">Fernin Eaton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1953613" type="text/json">{"id":1953613,"first_name":"Fernin","last_name":"Eaton","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FerninEaton","display_name":"Fernin Eaton","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FerninEaton?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1953613/654422/15121997/s65_fernin.eaton.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13823064 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13823064"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13823064, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13823064", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13823064]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13823064").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13823064").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13823064"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45266" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Louisiana_history">Louisiana history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45266" type="text/json">{"id":45266,"name":"Louisiana history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Louisiana_history?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="179196" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Louisiana_Creole_Culture">Louisiana Creole Culture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="179196" type="text/json">{"id":179196,"name":"Louisiana Creole Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Louisiana_Creole_Culture?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13823064]'), work: {"id":13823064,"title":"History, Memory and the 1811 German Coast Events","created_at":"2015-07-08T21:20:13.411-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13823064/History_Memory_and_the_1811_German_Coast_Events?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_13823064","summary":"Paper presented June 4, 2015, to the General Philemon Thomas Chapter, Sons of the American Revolution. The paper challenges existing scholarship on events popularly described as the \"1811 German Coast Slave Uprising.\" \n\nA white blood thirst certainly occurred during the events which occurred on the cusp of Congress' vote to allow the Territory of Orleans to petition for statehood. Many in Congress opposed the expansion of the nation's slavery over so vast an area which would be carved into numerous states, and they also voted, on the losing side, to provide full citizenship and voting rights to the considerable population of free people of color. French elite in the territory were apoplectic enough to hear of efforts to end slavery, much less to imagine that they might have to share voting rights with a subordinate class of individuals, the gens de couleur libre.\n\nThese events occurred in the midst of two fully documented 'rebellions', i.e., that of the 1810 West Florida Rebellion and that of East Florida, also known as The Patriots' War, the following year, 1812. The paper argues that the three events are inextricably linked and must be viewed in that context.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38135720,"asset_id":13823064,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1953613,"first_name":"Fernin","last_name":"Eaton","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FerninEaton","display_name":"Fernin Eaton","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FerninEaton?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1953613/654422/15121997/s65_fernin.eaton.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":45266,"name":"Louisiana history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Louisiana_history?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":179196,"name":"Louisiana Creole Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Louisiana_Creole_Culture?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":779251,"name":"Slavery and Slave Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery_and_Slave_Resistance?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5090655" data-work_id="5090655" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5090655/A_liberdade_no_Atl%C3%A2ntico_Sul_o_olhar_da_imprensa_estadunidense_so_bre_o_processo_de_aboli%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_escravid%C3%A3o_no_Brasil">A “liberdade” no Atlântico Sul: o olhar da imprensa estadunidense so- bre o processo de abolição da escravidão no Brasil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5090655" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9ac59947989028b8927595574462eff9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32306297,"asset_id":5090655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32306297/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1715838" href="https://ufrb.academia.edu/LucianaBrito">Luciana Brito</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1715838" type="text/json">{"id":1715838,"first_name":"Luciana","last_name":"Brito","domain_name":"ufrb","page_name":"LucianaBrito","display_name":"Luciana Brito","profile_url":"https://ufrb.academia.edu/LucianaBrito?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1715838/856608/34957808/s65_luciana.brito.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5090655 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5090655"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5090655, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5090655", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5090655]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5090655").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5090655").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5090655"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13050" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora">African Diaspora</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13050" type="text/json">{"id":13050,"name":"African Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="86393" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism">Abolitionism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="86393" type="text/json">{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5090655]'), work: {"id":5090655,"title":"A “liberdade” no Atlântico Sul: o olhar da imprensa estadunidense so- bre o processo de abolição da escravidão no Brasil","created_at":"2013-11-13T08:57:48.563-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5090655/A_liberdade_no_Atl%C3%A2ntico_Sul_o_olhar_da_imprensa_estadunidense_so_bre_o_processo_de_aboli%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_escravid%C3%A3o_no_Brasil?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_5090655","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32306297,"asset_id":5090655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1715838,"first_name":"Luciana","last_name":"Brito","domain_name":"ufrb","page_name":"LucianaBrito","display_name":"Luciana Brito","profile_url":"https://ufrb.academia.edu/LucianaBrito?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1715838/856608/34957808/s65_luciana.brito.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":13050,"name":"African Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29486231" data-work_id="29486231" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29486231/Uncovering_testimonies_of_slavery_and_the_slave_trade_in_missionary_sources_the_SHADD_biographies_project_and_the_CMS_and_MMS_archives_for_Sierra_Leone_Nigeria_and_the_Gambia">Uncovering testimonies of slavery and the slave trade in missionary sources: the SHADD biographies project and the CMS and MMS archives for Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and the Gambia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article highlights narratives of enslavement held in the Church Missionary Society and Methodist Missionary Society archives for the Sierra Leone, Yoruba, and Gambia missions in the nineteenth century. Its particular focus is on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29486231" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article highlights narratives of enslavement held in the<br />Church Missionary Society and Methodist Missionary Society<br />archives for the Sierra Leone, Yoruba, and Gambia missions<br />in the nineteenth century. Its particular focus is on<br />testimonies of Africans who experienced enslavement in<br />Africa and were subsequently sold to Europeans on the<br />coast and embarked on trans-Atlantic slave vessels. These<br />documents form part of the Social Sciences and Humanities<br />Research Council (SSHRC)-funded SHADD: Studies in the<br />History of the African Diaspora – Documents project, a<br />digital publication of the Harriet Tubman Institute for<br />Research on Africa and its Diasporas at York University<br />(<a href="http://tubman.info.yorku.ca/publications/shadd/" rel="nofollow">http://tubman.info.yorku.ca/publications/shadd/</a>). This article<br />catalogues both the narratives uncovered to date – among<br />the longest unpublished accounts of enslavement in Africa –<br />and research strategies for uncovering more. It concludes<br />with an appendix indexing digitized and transcribed<br />documents available on the SHADD database as research<br />and teaching resources.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29486231" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bbb74e5d73d1e5a931b8adafd433a9e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53850963,"asset_id":29486231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53850963/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="727762" href="https://aberdeen.academia.edu/RAnderson">Richard P Anderson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="727762" type="text/json">{"id":727762,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Anderson","domain_name":"aberdeen","page_name":"RAnderson","display_name":"Richard P Anderson","profile_url":"https://aberdeen.academia.edu/RAnderson?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/727762/294648/19173978/s65_richard.anderson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29486231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29486231"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29486231, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29486231", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29486231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29486231; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29486231"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29486231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29486231"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29486231; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29486231]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29486231").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29486231").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29486231"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4121" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World">Atlantic World</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4121" type="text/json">{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13017" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade">Slave Trade</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13017" type="text/json">{"id":13017,"name":"Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sierra_Leone">Sierra Leone</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13047" type="text/json">{"id":13047,"name":"Sierra Leone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sierra_Leone?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29486231]'), work: {"id":29486231,"title":"Uncovering testimonies of slavery and the slave trade in missionary sources: the SHADD biographies project and the CMS and MMS archives for Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and the Gambia","created_at":"2016-10-27T20:38:55.338-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29486231/Uncovering_testimonies_of_slavery_and_the_slave_trade_in_missionary_sources_the_SHADD_biographies_project_and_the_CMS_and_MMS_archives_for_Sierra_Leone_Nigeria_and_the_Gambia?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_29486231","summary":"This article highlights narratives of enslavement held in the\nChurch Missionary Society and Methodist Missionary Society\narchives for the Sierra Leone, Yoruba, and Gambia missions\nin the nineteenth century. Its particular focus is on\ntestimonies of Africans who experienced enslavement in\nAfrica and were subsequently sold to Europeans on the\ncoast and embarked on trans-Atlantic slave vessels. These\ndocuments form part of the Social Sciences and Humanities\nResearch Council (SSHRC)-funded SHADD: Studies in the\nHistory of the African Diaspora – Documents project, a\ndigital publication of the Harriet Tubman Institute for\nResearch on Africa and its Diasporas at York University\n(http://tubman.info.yorku.ca/publications/shadd/). This article\ncatalogues both the narratives uncovered to date – among\nthe longest unpublished accounts of enslavement in Africa –\nand research strategies for uncovering more. It concludes\nwith an appendix indexing digitized and transcribed\ndocuments available on the SHADD database as research\nand teaching resources.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53850963,"asset_id":29486231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":727762,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Anderson","domain_name":"aberdeen","page_name":"RAnderson","display_name":"Richard P Anderson","profile_url":"https://aberdeen.academia.edu/RAnderson?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/727762/294648/19173978/s65_richard.anderson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":13017,"name":"Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":13047,"name":"Sierra Leone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sierra_Leone?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":53019,"name":"Atlantic Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643"},{"id":86698,"name":"Yoruba","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yoruba?f_ri=7643"},{"id":174014,"name":"The Gambia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Gambia?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40822840" data-work_id="40822840" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40822840/Some_Unknown_History_of_the_United_States_1610_to_1933_3rd_edition">Some Unknown History of the United States -- 1610 to 1933 3rd edition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">I tried to put US and associated world history into 150 pages. I try to focus on the US history that I assume may be unknown or not taught in a big way in our schools or broadcast on TV or is being censored. I have been adding to this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40822840" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">I tried to put US and associated world history into 150 pages.  I try to focus on the US history that I assume may be unknown or not taught in a big way in our schools or broadcast on TV or is being censored.  I have been adding to this book over the years that I have been researching for  my other seven or eight US history books by this title.  Those other books are divided based on who was President of the United States starting with FDR and so far I am now working on the President Ford years, but have not finished it yet.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40822840" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="27b895f930b56689d54e9cffc38845ad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61105753,"asset_id":40822840,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61105753/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35465642" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DickMcManus">Richard L . McManus</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35465642" type="text/json">{"id":35465642,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"McManus","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DickMcManus","display_name":"Richard L . 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I try to focus on the US history that I assume may be unknown or not taught in a big way in our schools or broadcast on TV or is being censored. I have been adding to this book over the years that I have been researching for my other seven or eight US history books by this title. Those other books are divided based on who was President of the United States starting with FDR and so far I am now working on the President Ford years, but have not finished it yet. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61105753,"asset_id":40822840,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35465642,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"McManus","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DickMcManus","display_name":"Richard L . 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The Legacy of Emancipation in the American South, Princeton et Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2014 ; Alex Gourevitch, From Slavery to the Cooperative Commonwealth. Labor and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38413918" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sur  Martin Ruef, Between Slavery and Capitalism. The Legacy of Emancipation in the American South, Princeton et Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2014 ; Alex Gourevitch, From Slavery to the Cooperative Commonwealth. Labor and republican Liberty in the Nineteenth Century, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2014 ; Céline Flory, De l’esclavage à la liberté forcée. Histoire des travailleurs engagés dans la Caraïbe française au XIXe siècle, Paris, Karthala / Société des Africanistes, 2015.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38413918" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fcdcd0aea751f0522e35b3039a6cfc60" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58472254,"asset_id":38413918,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58472254/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40827391" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/RenaudHourcade">Renaud Hourcade</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40827391" type="text/json">{"id":40827391,"first_name":"Renaud","last_name":"Hourcade","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"RenaudHourcade","display_name":"Renaud Hourcade","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/RenaudHourcade?f_ri=7643","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38413918 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38413918"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38413918, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38413918", }); 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The Legacy of Emancipation in the American South, Princeton et Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2014 ; Alex Gourevitch, From Slavery to the Cooperative Commonwealth. Labor and republican Liberty in the Nineteenth Century, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2014 ; Céline Flory, De l’esclavage à la liberté forcée. 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{"id":22220157,"title":"Review of Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad, by Eric Foner","created_at":"2016-02-20T07:30:24.811-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22220157/Review_of_Gateway_to_Freedom_The_Hidden_History_of_the_Underground_Railroad_by_Eric_Foner?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_22220157","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42872096,"asset_id":22220157,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5613075,"first_name":"Stan","last_name":"Prager","domain_name":"apus","page_name":"StanPrager","display_name":"Stan Prager","profile_url":"https://apus.academia.edu/StanPrager?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5613075/2449216/17235311/s65_stan.prager.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of 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data-has-card-for-ri="3870" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora_Studies">African Diaspora Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3870" type="text/json">{"id":3870,"name":"African Diaspora Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4121" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World">Atlantic World</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4121" type="text/json">{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4446" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antebellum_South">Antebellum South</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4446" type="text/json">{"id":4446,"name":"Antebellum 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World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Age_of_Revolutions_in_the_Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643"},{"id":27510,"name":"Black Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Atlantic?f_ri=7643"},{"id":27533,"name":"Atlantic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_history?f_ri=7643"},{"id":43228,"name":"Antebellum American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antebellum_American_Literature?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5444446" data-work_id="5444446" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5444446/RENDERS_Helmut_V%C3%A1_em_frente_em_nome_de_Deus_seis_cartas_abolicionistas_dos_anos_1787_e_1791_escritas_por_John_Wesley_traduzidas_e_interpretadas_In_Numen_Juiz_de_Fora_v_16_n_1_p_192_210_2013_">RENDERS, Helmut. “Vá em frente, em nome de Deus”: seis cartas abolicionistas dos anos 1787 e 1791, escritas por John Wesley, traduzidas e interpretadas". In: Numen, Juiz de Fora, v. 16, n. 1, p. 192-210 (2013)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">After an introduction, are presented in English and Portuguese six letters written by John Wesley, an Anglican priest and spiritus rector of the Methodist movement, addressed to Samuel Hoare (18 August 1787), Thomas Clarkson... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5444446" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">After an introduction, are presented in English and Portuguese six letters <br />written by John Wesley, an Anglican priest and spiritus rector of the Methodist <br />movement, addressed to Samuel Hoare (18 August 1787), Thomas Clarkson <br />(London, in August 1787), Granville Sharp (London, 11 October 1787), Thomas <br />Funnell (24 November 1787), Henry Moore (Bristol, 14 March 1790) and John <br />Wilberforce (Balam, February 24, 1791). The five people belonged to the circles <br />of the Society for the abolition of slave trade, founded on May 22, 1787. Hoare, a <br />Quaker, Sharp and Clarkson, both Anglicans, were founding members, Funnell, <br />associate member soon after and Wilberforce and the leader of the parliamentary <br />committee that dealt with the subject. <br />Keywords: John Wesley; Samuel Hoare; Thomas Clarkson; Thomas Funnell; <br />Granville Sharp; Henry Moore; John Wilberforce</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5444446" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="64624c5b7df5037d2f581a8a41bec904" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37202833,"asset_id":5444446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37202833/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3407976" href="https://pucsp.academia.edu/HelmutRenders">Helmut Renders</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3407976" type="text/json">{"id":3407976,"first_name":"Helmut","last_name":"Renders","domain_name":"pucsp","page_name":"HelmutRenders","display_name":"Helmut Renders","profile_url":"https://pucsp.academia.edu/HelmutRenders?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3407976/1154780/12396579/s65_helmut.renders.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5444446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5444446"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5444446, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5444446", }); 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Hoare, a \r\nQuaker, Sharp and Clarkson, both Anglicans, were founding members, Funnell, \r\nassociate member soon after and Wilberforce and the leader of the parliamentary \r\ncommittee that dealt with the subject.\r\nKeywords: John Wesley; Samuel Hoare; Thomas Clarkson; Thomas Funnell; \r\nGranville Sharp; Henry Moore; John Wilberforce","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37202833,"asset_id":5444446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3407976,"first_name":"Helmut","last_name":"Renders","domain_name":"pucsp","page_name":"HelmutRenders","display_name":"Helmut Renders","profile_url":"https://pucsp.academia.edu/HelmutRenders?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3407976/1154780/12396579/s65_helmut.renders.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":24695,"name":"Wesleyan Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wesleyan_Theology?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":109283,"name":"John Wesley","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_Wesley?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":376963,"name":"Abolicionismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolicionismo?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44645711" data-work_id="44645711" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44645711/Co_authored_with_Suren_Moodliar_and_Eleni_Macrakis_A_People_s_Guide_to_Greater_Boston_Oakland_University_of_California_Press_2020">Co-authored with Suren Moodliar and Eleni Macrakis, A People’s Guide to Greater Boston, Oakland: University of California Press, 2020.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44645711" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ccb3146cec3ff642404de6185ad7e0d4" rel="nofollow" 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Winters</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ben Winters’ latest mystery/thriller, Underground Airlines, is set in an America that never fought its Civil War. In the novel, a long series of political compromises between North and South allow slavery to continue to the present day.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30720074" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ben Winters’ latest mystery/thriller, Underground Airlines, is set in an America that never fought its Civil War. In the novel, a long series of political compromises between North and South allow slavery to continue to the present day. This is counterintuitive, to say the least. The novel requires that readers imagine a Confederacy that responds to the 1861 assassination of President-elect Abraham Lincoln by abandoning its rebellion and seeking a compromise that would place hard limits on the legality of slavery. Winters’ characters inhabit a world in which assassinations have the effect of cowing those politicians who would oppose slavery into softening their positions. This violence emboldens slaveowners, but never to the point that they consider negotiations to be a zero sum game. They accept that slavery will be profitable enough with mild regulatory oversight.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30720074" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f91f2908b5d93c4936bd8c9b77365a3f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51168582,"asset_id":30720074,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51168582/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9549604" href="https://unt.academia.edu/JordanWilliams">Jordan Williams</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9549604" type="text/json">{"id":9549604,"first_name":"Jordan","last_name":"Williams","domain_name":"unt","page_name":"JordanWilliams","display_name":"Jordan Williams","profile_url":"https://unt.academia.edu/JordanWilliams?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9549604/6199204/7023509/s65_jordan.williams.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30720074 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30720074"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30720074, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30720074", }); 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They accept that slavery will be profitable enough with mild regulatory oversight.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51168582,"asset_id":30720074,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9549604,"first_name":"Jordan","last_name":"Williams","domain_name":"unt","page_name":"JordanWilliams","display_name":"Jordan Williams","profile_url":"https://unt.academia.edu/JordanWilliams?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9549604/6199204/7023509/s65_jordan.williams.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2323,"name":"Dystopian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dystopian_Literature?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":2587,"name":"The Novel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Novel?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of 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class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17787228/De_la_esclavitud_al_abolicionismo_en_la_historia_de_Espa%C3%B1a_legislaci%C3%B3n_guerra_justa_y_discursos">De la esclavitud al abolicionismo en la historia de España: legislación, guerra justa y discursos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">"De la esclavitud al abolicionismo en la historia de España: legislación, guerra justa y discursos" en Martín Casares, Aurelia: Esclavitud, mestizaje y abolicionismo en los mundos hispánicos, Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2015.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17787228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span 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Trade Reparations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade_Reparations?f_ri=7643"},{"id":1407244,"name":"Restorative Justice \u0026 African Reparations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Restorative_Justice_and_African_Reparations?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8876665" data-work_id="8876665" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8876665/Review_of_Women_s_Rights_and_Transatlantic_Antislavery_in_the_Era_of_Emancipation_edited_by_Kathryn_Kish_Sklar_and_James_Brewer_Stewart">Review of "Women’s Rights and Transatlantic Antislavery in the Era of Emancipation," edited by Kathryn Kish Sklar and James Brewer Stewart. </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x 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data-has-card-for-ri="4131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transatlantic_History">Transatlantic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4131" type="text/json">{"id":4131,"name":"Transatlantic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transatlantic_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4586" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Rights">Women's Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4586" type="text/json">{"id":4586,"name":"Women's Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Rights?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8876665]'), work: {"id":8876665,"title":"Review of \"Women’s Rights and Transatlantic Antislavery in the Era of Emancipation,\" edited by Kathryn Kish Sklar and James Brewer Stewart. ","created_at":"2014-10-20T14:58:19.352-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8876665/Review_of_Women_s_Rights_and_Transatlantic_Antislavery_in_the_Era_of_Emancipation_edited_by_Kathryn_Kish_Sklar_and_James_Brewer_Stewart?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_8876665","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35210509,"asset_id":8876665,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8701897,"first_name":"Susana","last_name":"Morris","domain_name":"auburn","page_name":"SusanaMorris","display_name":"Susana Morris","profile_url":"https://auburn.academia.edu/SusanaMorris?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8701897/5421128/14457302/s65_susana.morris.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4131,"name":"Transatlantic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transatlantic_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":4586,"name":"Women's Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Rights?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":30631,"name":"Transatlantic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transatlantic_Literature?f_ri=7643"},{"id":67575,"name":"First-wave feminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First-wave_feminism?f_ri=7643"},{"id":94879,"name":"Transatlantic Studies, Atlantic Studies, Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transatlantic_Studies_Atlantic_Studies_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":166691,"name":"Middle Passage, Atlantic World Slavery, African Diaspora, Slavery and Medicine, Black Women's History, Violence Studies, Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Passage_Atlantic_World_Slavery_African_Diaspora_Slavery_and_Medicine_Black_Womens_Histor?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8203264" data-work_id="8203264" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8203264/After_Slavery_Race_Labor_and_Citizenship_in_the_Reconstruction_South">After Slavery: Race, Labor and Citizenship in the Reconstruction South</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Collection of new research on the Reconstruction South, co-edited with Bruce E. Baker, with a foreword by Eric Foner</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8203264" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="89a1ae8461b7e5499383632e450134e2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38055963,"asset_id":8203264,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38055963/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15750137" href="https://qub.academia.edu/BrianKelly">Brian Kelly</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15750137" type="text/json">{"id":15750137,"first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"qub","page_name":"BrianKelly","display_name":"Brian Kelly","profile_url":"https://qub.academia.edu/BrianKelly?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15750137/4367499/5070202/s65_brian.kelly.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8203264 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8203264"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8203264, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8203264", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8203264]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8203264").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8203264").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8203264"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1726" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History">Women's History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1726" type="text/json">{"id":1726,"name":"Women's History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8162" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southern_History">Southern History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8162" type="text/json">{"id":8162,"name":"Southern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southern_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12972" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emancipation">Emancipation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12972" type="text/json">{"id":12972,"name":"Emancipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emancipation?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8203264]'), work: {"id":8203264,"title":"After Slavery: Race, Labor and Citizenship in the Reconstruction South","created_at":"2014-09-04T18:37:16.321-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8203264/After_Slavery_Race_Labor_and_Citizenship_in_the_Reconstruction_South?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_8203264","summary":"Collection of new research on the Reconstruction South, co-edited with Bruce E. Baker, with a foreword by Eric Foner","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38055963,"asset_id":8203264,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15750137,"first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"qub","page_name":"BrianKelly","display_name":"Brian Kelly","profile_url":"https://qub.academia.edu/BrianKelly?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15750137/4367499/5070202/s65_brian.kelly.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1726,"name":"Women's History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":8162,"name":"Southern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southern_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":12972,"name":"Emancipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emancipation?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":13080,"name":"American Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Civil_War?f_ri=7643"},{"id":19415,"name":"Labor History and Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labor_History_and_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":24074,"name":"Black Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Womens_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":77975,"name":"Reconstruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reconstruction?f_ri=7643"},{"id":199369,"name":"US Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/US_Civil_War?f_ri=7643"},{"id":663107,"name":"Black Emancipation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Emancipation?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12354296" data-work_id="12354296" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12354296/Slavery_and_Its_Legacy_in_Ghana_and_the_Diaspora">Slavery and Its Legacy in Ghana and the Diaspora</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ghana-for all its notable strides toward more egalitarian political and social systems in the past 60 years-remains a nation plagued with inequalities stemming from its long history of slavery and slave trading. The work assembled in this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12354296" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ghana-for all its notable strides toward more egalitarian political and social systems in the past 60 years-remains a nation plagued with inequalities stemming from its long history of slavery and slave trading. The work assembled in this collection explores the history of slavery in Ghana and its legacy for both Ghana and the descendants of people sold as slaves from the “Gold Coast” in the era of the transatlantic slave trade.<br /><br />The volume is structured to reflect four overlapping areas of investigation: the changing nature of slavery in Ghana, including the ways in which enslaved people have been integrated into or excluded from kinship systems, social institutions, politics, and the workforce over time; the long-standing connections forged between Ghana and the Americas and Europe through the transatlantic trading system and the forced migration of enslaved people; the development of indigenous and transnational anti-slavery ideologies; and the legacy of slavery and its ongoing reverberations in Ghanaian and diasporic society.<br /><br />Bringing together key scholars from Ghana, Europe and the USA who introduce new sources, frames and methodologies including heritage, gender, critical race, and culture studies, and drawing on archival documents and oral histories, Slavery and Its Legacy in Ghana and the Diaspora will be of great interest to scholars and students of comparative slavery, abolition and West African history.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12354296" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e9ec52957d563bbbd6dc08df21f1c8f9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45135028,"asset_id":12354296,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45135028/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="104388" href="https://uwm.academia.edu/RebeccaShumway">Rebecca Shumway</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="104388" type="text/json">{"id":104388,"first_name":"Rebecca","last_name":"Shumway","domain_name":"uwm","page_name":"RebeccaShumway","display_name":"Rebecca Shumway","profile_url":"https://uwm.academia.edu/RebeccaShumway?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/104388/28729/77299515/s65_rebecca.shumway.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12354296 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12354296"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12354296, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12354296", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12354296]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12354296").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12354296").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12354296"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53019" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_Slave_Trade">Atlantic Slave Trade</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53019" type="text/json">{"id":53019,"name":"Atlantic Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="717889" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gold_Coast_and_Ghana_History">Gold Coast and Ghana History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="717889" type="text/json">{"id":717889,"name":"Gold Coast and Ghana History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gold_Coast_and_Ghana_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12354296]'), work: {"id":12354296,"title":"Slavery and Its Legacy in Ghana and the Diaspora","created_at":"2015-05-12T11:19:00.082-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12354296/Slavery_and_Its_Legacy_in_Ghana_and_the_Diaspora?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_12354296","summary":"Ghana-for all its notable strides toward more egalitarian political and social systems in the past 60 years-remains a nation plagued with inequalities stemming from its long history of slavery and slave trading. The work assembled in this collection explores the history of slavery in Ghana and its legacy for both Ghana and the descendants of people sold as slaves from the “Gold Coast” in the era of the transatlantic slave trade.\n\nThe volume is structured to reflect four overlapping areas of investigation: the changing nature of slavery in Ghana, including the ways in which enslaved people have been integrated into or excluded from kinship systems, social institutions, politics, and the workforce over time; the long-standing connections forged between Ghana and the Americas and Europe through the transatlantic trading system and the forced migration of enslaved people; the development of indigenous and transnational anti-slavery ideologies; and the legacy of slavery and its ongoing reverberations in Ghanaian and diasporic society.\n\nBringing together key scholars from Ghana, Europe and the USA who introduce new sources, frames and methodologies including heritage, gender, critical race, and culture studies, and drawing on archival documents and oral histories, Slavery and Its Legacy in Ghana and the Diaspora will be of great interest to scholars and students of comparative slavery, abolition and West African history.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45135028,"asset_id":12354296,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":104388,"first_name":"Rebecca","last_name":"Shumway","domain_name":"uwm","page_name":"RebeccaShumway","display_name":"Rebecca Shumway","profile_url":"https://uwm.academia.edu/RebeccaShumway?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/104388/28729/77299515/s65_rebecca.shumway.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":53019,"name":"Atlantic Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":717889,"name":"Gold Coast and Ghana History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gold_Coast_and_Ghana_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":1267907,"name":"Ghanaian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ghanaian_History?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48924354 coauthored" data-work_id="48924354" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48924354/Exposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Exhibition_O_direito_sobre_si_mesmo_150_anos_da_aboli%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_escravatura_no_imp%C3%A9rio_colonial_portugu%C3%AAs_Curadoria_cient%C3%ADfica_Miguel_Bandeira_Jer%C3%B3nimo_e_Jos%C3%A9_Pedro_Monteiro_Assembleia_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Lisboa_2019_2020_">Exposição/Exhibition: O direito sobre si mesmo.150 anos da abolição da escravatura no império colonial português (Curadoria científica: Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo e José Pedro Monteiro; Assembleia da República, Lisboa, 2019-2020)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Curadoria científica: Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo e José Pedro Monteiro A exposição “O direito sobre si mesmo: 150 anos da abolição da escravatura no império português” procura contribuir para uma reapreciação da abolição da escravidão em... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48924354" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Curadoria científica: Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo e José Pedro Monteiro <br /> <br />A exposição “O direito sobre si mesmo: 150 anos da abolição da escravatura no império português” procura contribuir para uma reapreciação da abolição da escravidão em Portugal, tendo como pretexto o decreto de 25 de fevereiro de 1869, integrando-o em dinâmicas históricas que o precedem e lhe sobrevieram. A abolição da escravidão não foi um evento, mas sim um processo atribulado e ambivalente, a muitos níveis e em muitos sentidos. A própria citação que inspira o título desta exposição implica essa ambivalência. O “direito do homem sobre si mesmo” foi invocado pelo deputado Martens Ferrão na mesma intervenção em que manifestou o seu apoio a uma cláusula que garantia que os filhos de escravos que nascessem livres trabalhariam para os donos dos seus progenitores por vinte anos. <br />É interrogar as particularidades de uma dinâmica histórica que tem 1836 — ano de um dos mais importantes relatórios sobre o projeto dos “novos brasis em África”, assinado por um dos mais notáveis protagonistas desta história, o marquês de Sá da Bandeira — como data marcante, mas também pensar os impactos mais duradouros de um processo multissecular, ainda que historicamente situado e contingente, que se alicerçou na diferenciação e hierarquização de grupos humanos em função de supostos índices “raciais” ou “civilizacionais”. É ainda questionar o modo como, no presente, a abolição, em particular, e o passado imperial, em geral, são ou não invocados, pensados e debatidos, com rigor histórico e espírito crítico e cívico, nos discursos políticos, nas reflexões académicas, no espaço público, nas práticas artísticas ou nos manuais escolares. Com história e com memória, sem as confundir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48924354" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6cc0f2f942dc72c0a8ebca38ccff5bab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67328214,"asset_id":48924354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67328214/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2682094" href="https://uc-pt.academia.edu/MiguelBandeiraJer%C3%B3nimo">Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2682094" type="text/json">{"id":2682094,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Bandeira Jerónimo","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"MiguelBandeiraJerónimo","display_name":"Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/MiguelBandeiraJer%C3%B3nimo?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2682094/1119003/5284620/s65_miguel.bandeira_jer_nimo.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-48924354">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-48924354"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uminho.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9PedroMonteiro">José Pedro Monteiro</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-48924354'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-48924354').html(); 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Assembleia da República, Lisboa, 2019-2020)","created_at":"2021-05-15T04:23:20.447-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48924354/Exposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Exhibition_O_direito_sobre_si_mesmo_150_anos_da_aboli%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_escravatura_no_imp%C3%A9rio_colonial_portugu%C3%AAs_Curadoria_cient%C3%ADfica_Miguel_Bandeira_Jer%C3%B3nimo_e_Jos%C3%A9_Pedro_Monteiro_Assembleia_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Lisboa_2019_2020_?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_48924354","summary":"Curadoria científica: Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo e José Pedro Monteiro\r\n\r\nA exposição “O direito sobre si mesmo: 150 anos da abolição da escravatura no império português” procura contribuir para uma reapreciação da abolição da escravidão em Portugal, tendo como pretexto o decreto de 25 de fevereiro de 1869, integrando-o em dinâmicas históricas que o precedem e lhe sobrevieram. A abolição da escravidão não foi um evento, mas sim um processo atribulado e ambivalente, a muitos níveis e em muitos sentidos. A própria citação que inspira o título desta exposição implica essa ambivalência. O “direito do homem sobre si mesmo” foi invocado pelo deputado Martens Ferrão na mesma intervenção em que manifestou o seu apoio a uma cláusula que garantia que os filhos de escravos que nascessem livres trabalhariam para os donos dos seus progenitores por vinte anos.\r\nÉ interrogar as particularidades de uma dinâmica histórica que tem 1836 — ano de um dos mais importantes relatórios sobre o projeto dos “novos brasis em África”, assinado por um dos mais notáveis protagonistas desta história, o marquês de Sá da Bandeira — como data marcante, mas também pensar os impactos mais duradouros de um processo multissecular, ainda que historicamente situado e contingente, que se alicerçou na diferenciação e hierarquização de grupos humanos em função de supostos índices “raciais” ou “civilizacionais”. É ainda questionar o modo como, no presente, a abolição, em particular, e o passado imperial, em geral, são ou não invocados, pensados e debatidos, com rigor histórico e espírito crítico e cívico, nos discursos políticos, nas reflexões académicas, no espaço público, nas práticas artísticas ou nos manuais escolares. Com história e com memória, sem as confundir.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67328214,"asset_id":48924354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2682094,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Bandeira Jerónimo","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"MiguelBandeiraJerónimo","display_name":"Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/MiguelBandeiraJer%C3%B3nimo?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2682094/1119003/5284620/s65_miguel.bandeira_jer_nimo.jpg"},{"id":3905137,"first_name":"José Pedro","last_name":"Monteiro","domain_name":"uminho","page_name":"JoséPedroMonteiro","display_name":"José Pedro Monteiro","profile_url":"https://uminho.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9PedroMonteiro?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3905137/1449692/31341543/s65_jos_pedro.monteiro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":951,"name":"Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":2222,"name":"Portuguese Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":2861,"name":"Portuguese History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=7643"},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6195,"name":"Portuguese Colonialism and Decolonizaton","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Colonialism_and_Decolonizaton?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6868,"name":"Luso-Afro-Brazilian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Luso-Afro-Brazilian_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7948,"name":"The Lusophone World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Lusophone_World?f_ri=7643"},{"id":11575,"name":"Anti-slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":20433,"name":"History of the Portuguese Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Portuguese_Empire?f_ri=7643"},{"id":21366,"name":"Angola","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Angola?f_ri=7643"},{"id":30010,"name":"Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empire?f_ri=7643"},{"id":44510,"name":"Portugal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portugal?f_ri=7643"},{"id":56908,"name":"Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperialism?f_ri=7643"},{"id":305834,"name":"History of Mozambique","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Mozambique?f_ri=7643"},{"id":1019273,"name":"Colonialism and Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism_and_Imperialism?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44369751" data-work_id="44369751" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44369751/Rese%C3%B1a_HELG_ALINE_2018_NUNCA_M%C3%81S_ESCLAVOS_UNA_HISTORIA_COMPARADA_DE_LOS_ESCLAVOS_QUE_SE_LIBERARON_DE_LAS_AM%C3%89RICAS_BOGOT%C3%81_COLOMBIA_FONDO_DE_CULTURA_ECON%C3%93MICA">Reseña: HELG, ALINE (2018). ¡NUNCA MÁS ESCLAVOS! UNA HISTORIA COMPARADA DE LOS ESCLAVOS QUE SE LIBERARON DE LAS AMÉRICAS. BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA: FONDO DE CULTURA ECONÓMICA.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">e book ¡Nunca más esclavos! Una historia comparada de los esclavos que se liberaron de las Américas, by Aline Hegl, is a longterm review of all the strategies used by American slaves to achieve their freedom. e work aims to discuss with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44369751" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">e book ¡Nunca más esclavos! Una historia comparada de los esclavos que se liberaron de las Américas, by Aline Hegl, is a longterm review of all the strategies used by American slaves to achieve their freedom. e work aims to discuss with various authors<br />who addressed the issue, making a comparative history “from below” on the different emancipatory methods used by those who<br />suffered from the slave trade, relativizing the effectiveness of some and rescuing the advantages of others.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44369751" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f50f0abf5c073a1c288bf647bdc07b03" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64767959,"asset_id":44369751,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64767959/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="78695219" href="https://salvador.academia.edu/NicolasFern%C3%A1nRey">Nicolas Fernán Rey</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="78695219" type="text/json">{"id":78695219,"first_name":"Nicolas Fernán","last_name":"Rey","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"NicolasFernánRey","display_name":"Nicolas Fernán Rey","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/NicolasFern%C3%A1nRey?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/78695219/19551897/131782882/s65_nicolas_fern_n.rey.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44369751 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44369751"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44369751, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44369751", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44369751]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44369751").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44369751").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44369751"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="749142" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Atlantica">Historia Atlántica</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="749142" type="text/json">{"id":749142,"name":"Historia Atlántica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Atlantica?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1072325" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria_Comparada">História Comparada</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1072325" type="text/json">{"id":1072325,"name":"História Comparada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria_Comparada?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44369751]'), work: {"id":44369751,"title":"Reseña: HELG, ALINE (2018). ¡NUNCA MÁS ESCLAVOS! UNA HISTORIA COMPARADA DE LOS ESCLAVOS QUE SE LIBERARON DE LAS AMÉRICAS. BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA: FONDO DE CULTURA ECONÓMICA.","created_at":"2020-10-25T17:52:57.223-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44369751/Rese%C3%B1a_HELG_ALINE_2018_NUNCA_M%C3%81S_ESCLAVOS_UNA_HISTORIA_COMPARADA_DE_LOS_ESCLAVOS_QUE_SE_LIBERARON_DE_LAS_AM%C3%89RICAS_BOGOT%C3%81_COLOMBIA_FONDO_DE_CULTURA_ECON%C3%93MICA?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_44369751","summary":"e book ¡Nunca más esclavos! Una historia comparada de los esclavos que se liberaron de las Américas, by Aline Hegl, is a longterm review of all the strategies used by American slaves to achieve their freedom. e work aims to discuss with various authors\nwho addressed the issue, making a comparative history “from below” on the different emancipatory methods used by those who\nsuffered from the slave trade, relativizing the effectiveness of some and rescuing the advantages of others.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64767959,"asset_id":44369751,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":78695219,"first_name":"Nicolas Fernán","last_name":"Rey","domain_name":"salvador","page_name":"NicolasFernánRey","display_name":"Nicolas Fernán Rey","profile_url":"https://salvador.academia.edu/NicolasFern%C3%A1nRey?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/78695219/19551897/131782882/s65_nicolas_fern_n.rey.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":749142,"name":"Historia Atlántica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Atlantica?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":1072325,"name":"História Comparada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria_Comparada?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29192945" data-work_id="29192945" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29192945/The_United_States_and_the_Transatlantic_Slave_Trade_to_the_Americas_1776_1867">The United States and the Transatlantic Slave Trade to the Americas, 1776-1867</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/United-States-Transatlantic-Americas-1776-1867/dp/0300212410/" rel="nofollow">https://www.amazon.com/United-States-Transatlantic-Americas-1776-1867/dp/0300212410/</a> While much of modern scholarship has focused on the American slave trade’s impact within the United States, considerably less has addressed its effects... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29192945" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/United-States-Transatlantic-Americas-1776-1867/dp/0300212410/" rel="nofollow">https://www.amazon.com/United-States-Transatlantic-Americas-1776-1867/dp/0300212410/</a><br /><br />While much of modern scholarship has focused on the American slave trade’s impact within the United States, considerably less has addressed its effects in other parts of the Americas. A rich analysis of a complex subject, this study draws on Portuguese, Brazilian, and Spanish primary documents—as well as English-language material—to shed new light on the changing behavior of slave traders and their networks, particularly in Brazil and Cuba. Slavery in these nations, as Marques shows, contributed to the mounting tensions that would ultimately lead to the U.S. Civil War. Taking a truly Atlantic perspective, Marques outlines the multiple forms of U.S. involvement in this traffic amid various legislation and shifting international relations, exploring the global processes that shaped the history of this participation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29192945" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e13a5477e47bff3de55e5b494f2055ee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49641581,"asset_id":29192945,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49641581/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59403" href="https://uff.academia.edu/LeonardoMarques">Leonardo Marques</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59403" type="text/json">{"id":59403,"first_name":"Leonardo","last_name":"Marques","domain_name":"uff","page_name":"LeonardoMarques","display_name":"Leonardo Marques","profile_url":"https://uff.academia.edu/LeonardoMarques?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59403/17237/26436952/s65_leonardo.marques.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29192945 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29192945"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29192945, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29192945", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29192945 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29192945; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29192945"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29192945 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29192945"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29192945; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29192945]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29192945").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29192945").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29192945"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2326" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nineteenth_Century_Studies">Nineteenth Century Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2326" type="text/json">{"id":2326,"name":"Nineteenth Century Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nineteenth_Century_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3986" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_History">Brazilian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3986" type="text/json">{"id":3986,"name":"Brazilian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29192945]'), work: {"id":29192945,"title":"The United States and the Transatlantic Slave Trade to the Americas, 1776-1867","created_at":"2016-10-16T08:53:31.511-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29192945/The_United_States_and_the_Transatlantic_Slave_Trade_to_the_Americas_1776_1867?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_29192945","summary":"https://www.amazon.com/United-States-Transatlantic-Americas-1776-1867/dp/0300212410/\n\nWhile much of modern scholarship has focused on the American slave trade’s impact within the United States, considerably less has addressed its effects in other parts of the Americas. A rich analysis of a complex subject, this study draws on Portuguese, Brazilian, and Spanish primary documents—as well as English-language material—to shed new light on the changing behavior of slave traders and their networks, particularly in Brazil and Cuba. Slavery in these nations, as Marques shows, contributed to the mounting tensions that would ultimately lead to the U.S. Civil War. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/18th_Century_British_Literature">18th Century British Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14231" type="text/json">{"id":14231,"name":"18th Century British Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/18th_Century_British_Literature?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27831" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/18th_Century">18th Century</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27831" type="text/json">{"id":27831,"name":"18th Century","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/18th_Century?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31512485]'), work: {"id":31512485,"title":"\"Slavery in Fiction.\" Boulukos, George, The Greatful 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2020.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35556739" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d888527792f4fd0cf073862fbb4fc79e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55422444,"asset_id":35556739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55422444/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down 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History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3870" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora_Studies">African Diaspora Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3870" type="text/json">{"id":3870,"name":"African Diaspora Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35556739]'), work: {"id":35556739,"title":"Teaching Guide to 玛丽·普林斯自传 – The History of Mary Prince","created_at":"2018-01-02T03:20:17.929-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35556739/Teaching_Guide_to_%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD_%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E6%96%AF%E8%87%AA%E4%BC%A0_The_History_of_Mary_Prince?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_35556739","summary":"Translation by Xu Chaolin. 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","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55422444,"asset_id":35556739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":291830,"first_name":"Joe","last_name":"Lockard","domain_name":"asu","page_name":"JoeLockard","display_name":"Joe Lockard","profile_url":"https://asu.academia.edu/JoeLockard?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/291830/71969/35441286/s65_joe.lockard.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":1726,"name":"Women's History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":3870,"name":"African Diaspora Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora_Studies?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6185,"name":"Women's Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Literature?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6258,"name":"African American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Literature?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6259,"name":"Caribbean Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Literature?f_ri=7643"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7945,"name":"Caribbean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":11575,"name":"Anti-slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":40285,"name":"Africana Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africana_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":2287886,"name":"Mary Prince","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mary_Prince?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76619264" data-work_id="76619264" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76619264/Scripts_of_Blackness_Race_Cultural_Nationalism_and_U_S_Colonialism_in_Puerto_Rico_by_Isar_P_Godreau">Scripts of Blackness: Race, Cultural Nationalism, and U.S. Colonialism in Puerto Rico by Isar P. Godreau</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Scripts of Blackness: Race, Cultural Nationalism, and U.S. Colonialism in Puerto Rico by Isar P. Godreau, Review in Afro-Hispanic Review v.38, n.1 (Spring 2019): 233-5.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76619264" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3094f051704e7cf4c934ef7fdc0864a6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84268065,"asset_id":76619264,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84268065/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="220920063" href="https://independent.academia.edu/willguzman4">will guzman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="220920063" type="text/json">{"id":220920063,"first_name":"will","last_name":"guzman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"willguzman4","display_name":"will guzman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/willguzman4?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/220920063/78780821/67337248/s65_will.guzman.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76619264 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76619264"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76619264, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76619264", }); 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45091602" data-work_id="45091602" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45091602/The_Bolama_Colony_and_Abolitionary_Reform_in_Captain_Beavers_African_Memoranda_1805_">The Bolama Colony and Abolitionary Reform in Captain Beaver's African Memoranda (1805)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In 1805, naval officer Captain Philip Beaver (1766-1813) published his African Memoranda: Relative to an Attempt to Establish a British Settlement on the Island of Bulama, on the Western Coast of Africa, in the Year 1792. Beaver's text... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45091602" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In 1805, naval officer Captain Philip Beaver (1766-1813) published his African Memoranda: Relative to an Attempt to Establish a British Settlement on the Island of Bulama, on the Western Coast of Africa, in the Year 1792. Beaver's text provides an absorbing testimony of his efforts to assist British colonisers in establishing their African settlement. Despite the colonial ambitions of this project, the 'Bulama Association' members were reformists at heart. Their high-minded intentions in purchasing the island and settling it, were to demonstrate the anti-slavery principle that propagation by 'free natives' would bring 'cultivation and commerce' to the region and ultimately introduce 'civilization' among them. The colonists' ambitions to benefit the African economy and set a precedent of humanitarian labour for the slave-owning lobby in Britain, led to the extraordinary emigration of 275 men, women, and children in order to put their humanitarian ideals into practice. Within two years, all the colonists had died or returned to Britain, but Beaver asserted that their socioeconomic model was successful and that future settlements would benefit from their efforts. This article examines the motives of the Bolama scheme within the context of other colonial projects (for instance in Sierra Leone) to demonstrate how British anti-slavery ideals combined with commercial ambitions to settle land in Africa at the end of the eighteenth century. It contributes to academic investigations into Atlantic history, popular abolitionist movements of the 1790s, and Romantic-period colonial policy, to demonstrate how such collective enterprises sought to expand British influence abroad.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45091602" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="717798d71682ea332a7cc12f626415e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65653069,"asset_id":45091602,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65653069/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="306890" href="https://lboro.academia.edu/CarolBolton">Carol Bolton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="306890" type="text/json">{"id":306890,"first_name":"Carol","last_name":"Bolton","domain_name":"lboro","page_name":"CarolBolton","display_name":"Carol Bolton","profile_url":"https://lboro.academia.edu/CarolBolton?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/306890/75720/35498661/s65_carol.bolton.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45091602 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45091602"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45091602, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45091602", }); 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Beaver's text provides an absorbing testimony of his efforts to assist British colonisers in establishing their African settlement. Despite the colonial ambitions of this project, the 'Bulama Association' members were reformists at heart. Their high-minded intentions in purchasing the island and settling it, were to demonstrate the anti-slavery principle that propagation by 'free natives' would bring 'cultivation and commerce' to the region and ultimately introduce 'civilization' among them. The colonists' ambitions to benefit the African economy and set a precedent of humanitarian labour for the slave-owning lobby in Britain, led to the extraordinary emigration of 275 men, women, and children in order to put their humanitarian ideals into practice. Within two years, all the colonists had died or returned to Britain, but Beaver asserted that their socioeconomic model was successful and that future settlements would benefit from their efforts. This article examines the motives of the Bolama scheme within the context of other colonial projects (for instance in Sierra Leone) to demonstrate how British anti-slavery ideals combined with commercial ambitions to settle land in Africa at the end of the eighteenth century. It contributes to academic investigations into Atlantic history, popular abolitionist movements of the 1790s, and Romantic-period colonial policy, to demonstrate how such collective enterprises sought to expand British influence abroad.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65653069,"asset_id":45091602,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":306890,"first_name":"Carol","last_name":"Bolton","domain_name":"lboro","page_name":"CarolBolton","display_name":"Carol Bolton","profile_url":"https://lboro.academia.edu/CarolBolton?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/306890/75720/35498661/s65_carol.bolton.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5671,"name":"West Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/West_Africa?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":11575,"name":"Anti-slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":119396,"name":"Romantic period literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romantic_period_literature?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40211889" data-work_id="40211889" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40211889/_The_Moral_Steam_Engine_of_Abolition_Thomas_Clarkson_Voluntary_Associations_and_the_British_Campaign_to_Abolish_the_Slave_Trade">"The Moral Steam-Engine of Abolition": Thomas Clarkson, Voluntary Associations, and the British Campaign to Abolish the Slave Trade</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The early 19 th-century poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge called his friend Thomas Clarkson the "moral steam-engine" of British abolitionism. Clarkson had played a key role in the campaign to abolish the slave trade, which had started in 1787... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40211889" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The early 19 th-century poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge called his friend Thomas Clarkson the "moral steam-engine" of British abolitionism. Clarkson had played a key role in the campaign to abolish the slave trade, which had started in 1787 and ended with the Abolition Act of 1807, and continued to be actively involved in the ongoing antislavery movement of the 1820s and 30s. He was also the author of the first ever history of British abolition. To Coleridge and his contemporaries, living in the heyday of the Industrial Revolution, Clarkson did indeed take the traits of a metaphorical steam-engine. But such individualized interpretations of British abolitionism and of social movements in general, popular though they still remained, hide a much more important history of association, mobilization, and cooperation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40211889" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="50c15c95db2350ca00407234ffdcefee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60438854,"asset_id":40211889,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60438854/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3780033" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/CatherineTourangeau">Catherine Tourangeau</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3780033" type="text/json">{"id":3780033,"first_name":"Catherine","last_name":"Tourangeau","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"CatherineTourangeau","display_name":"Catherine Tourangeau","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/CatherineTourangeau?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3780033/1370617/20993278/s65_catherine.tourangeau.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40211889 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40211889"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40211889, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40211889", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40211889]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40211889").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40211889").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40211889"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7663" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voluntary_Associations">Voluntary Associations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7663" type="text/json">{"id":7663,"name":"Voluntary Associations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voluntary_Associations?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12961" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Empire">British Empire</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12961" type="text/json">{"id":12961,"name":"British Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Empire?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="86393" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism">Abolitionism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="86393" type="text/json">{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40211889]'), work: {"id":40211889,"title":"\"The Moral Steam-Engine of Abolition\": Thomas Clarkson, Voluntary Associations, and the British Campaign to Abolish the Slave Trade","created_at":"2019-08-30T04:45:17.762-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40211889/_The_Moral_Steam_Engine_of_Abolition_Thomas_Clarkson_Voluntary_Associations_and_the_British_Campaign_to_Abolish_the_Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_40211889","summary":"The early 19 th-century poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge called his friend Thomas Clarkson the \"moral steam-engine\" of British abolitionism. Clarkson had played a key role in the campaign to abolish the slave trade, which had started in 1787 and ended with the Abolition Act of 1807, and continued to be actively involved in the ongoing antislavery movement of the 1820s and 30s. He was also the author of the first ever history of British abolition. To Coleridge and his contemporaries, living in the heyday of the Industrial Revolution, Clarkson did indeed take the traits of a metaphorical steam-engine. But such individualized interpretations of British abolitionism and of social movements in general, popular though they still remained, hide a much more important history of association, mobilization, and cooperation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60438854,"asset_id":40211889,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3780033,"first_name":"Catherine","last_name":"Tourangeau","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"CatherineTourangeau","display_name":"Catherine Tourangeau","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/CatherineTourangeau?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3780033/1370617/20993278/s65_catherine.tourangeau.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7663,"name":"Voluntary Associations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voluntary_Associations?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":12961,"name":"British Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Empire?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":130783,"name":"Civic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civic_Culture?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44590930" data-work_id="44590930" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44590930/Ten_Lives_Declaring_Human_Rights_From_Bartolome_de_Las_Casas_to_Martin_Luther_King_Jr">Ten Lives Declaring Human Rights: From Bartolome de Las Casas to Martin Luther King Jr.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Ten-Lives-Declaring-Human-Rights/dp/B08GLP3ZJ2" rel="nofollow">https://www.amazon.com/Ten-Lives-Declaring-Human-Rights/dp/B08GLP3ZJ2</a> They walked in the darkest parts of human history: in the blood of genocide, the chains of slavery, in the oppression of women, in the death camps of the Holocaust... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44590930" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Ten-Lives-Declaring-Human-Rights/dp/B08GLP3ZJ2" rel="nofollow">https://www.amazon.com/Ten-Lives-Declaring-Human-Rights/dp/B08GLP3ZJ2</a> <br /> <br />They walked in the darkest parts of human history: in the blood of genocide, the chains of slavery, in the oppression of women, in the death camps of the Holocaust and in the hatred and exclusion of racism. Yet, where others could see only our worst, they saw another path. And what they discovered, they taught to the rest of us. These ten, and others like them, "declared" human rights by their very lives. Often long before the ideas appeared in documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, they were there. When human rights were being born, they were there. Some of their names will be familiar, others will not. Bartolome de Las Casas, Thomas Clarkson, Lucretia Mott, Tahirih, Frederick Douglass, Alain Locke, Primo Levi, Eleanor Roosevelt, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albie Sachs. Yet, you won’t find the “official” story of human rights in this book. Indeed, most of the lives you find here, barely appear in that official story. What are human rights? What does it mean to work for them? As we follow their stories we will see through their eyes. <br /> <br />“In telling these stories … this book brings human rights ‘close to <br />home’, where universal human rights begin, as Eleanor <br />Roosevelt put it. Michael Curtotti has … done us all a great <br />service in this.” <br /> <br />Chris Sidoti</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44590930" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="72fb884a805316121ee6375d4f22516b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65049891,"asset_id":44590930,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65049891/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="446192" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CurtottiMichael">Michael A Curtotti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="446192" type="text/json">{"id":446192,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Curtotti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CurtottiMichael","display_name":"Michael A Curtotti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CurtottiMichael?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/446192/144371/167623/s65_michael.curtotti.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44590930 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44590930"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44590930, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44590930", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44590930]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44590930").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44590930").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44590930"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6556" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism">Colonialism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6556" type="text/json">{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7490" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Equality">Gender Equality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7490" type="text/json">{"id":7490,"name":"Gender Equality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Equality?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44590930]'), work: {"id":44590930,"title":"Ten Lives Declaring Human Rights: From Bartolome de Las Casas to Martin Luther King Jr.","created_at":"2020-11-27T19:56:17.560-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44590930/Ten_Lives_Declaring_Human_Rights_From_Bartolome_de_Las_Casas_to_Martin_Luther_King_Jr?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_44590930","summary":"https://www.amazon.com/Ten-Lives-Declaring-Human-Rights/dp/B08GLP3ZJ2\r\n\r\nThey walked in the darkest parts of human history: in the blood of genocide, the chains of slavery, in the oppression of women, in the death camps of the Holocaust and in the hatred and exclusion of racism. Yet, where others could see only our worst, they saw another path. And what they discovered, they taught to the rest of us. These ten, and others like them, \"declared\" human rights by their very lives. Often long before the ideas appeared in documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, they were there. When human rights were being born, they were there. Some of their names will be familiar, others will not. Bartolome de Las Casas, Thomas Clarkson, Lucretia Mott, Tahirih, Frederick Douglass, Alain Locke, Primo Levi, Eleanor Roosevelt, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albie Sachs. Yet, you won’t find the “official” story of human rights in this book. Indeed, most of the lives you find here, barely appear in that official story. What are human rights? What does it mean to work for them? As we follow their stories we will see through their eyes.\r\n\r\n“In telling these stories … this book brings human rights ‘close to\r\nhome’, where universal human rights begin, as Eleanor\r\nRoosevelt put it. Michael Curtotti has … done us all a great\r\nservice in this.” \r\n\r\nChris Sidoti","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65049891,"asset_id":44590930,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":446192,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Curtotti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CurtottiMichael","display_name":"Michael A Curtotti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CurtottiMichael?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/446192/144371/167623/s65_michael.curtotti.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7490,"name":"Gender Equality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Equality?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":9730,"name":"Apartheid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apartheid?f_ri=7643"},{"id":13497,"name":"African American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_History?f_ri=7643"},{"id":19434,"name":"History of Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Human_Rights?f_ri=7643"},{"id":39879,"name":"Holocaust Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocaust_Literature?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44989121" data-work_id="44989121" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44989121/Alan_Forrest_The_Death_of_the_French_Atlantic_Trade_War_and_Slavery_in_the_Age_of_Revolution_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_2020">Alan Forrest, The Death of the French Atlantic: Trade, War, and Slavery in the Age of Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Review of Allan Forrest, The Death of the French Atlantic: Trade, War, and Slavery in the Age of Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44989121" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2eb05ccdb6872dadaad33fd230555f33" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65530582,"asset_id":44989121,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65530582/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6083246" href="https://chicago.academia.edu/PaulCheney">Paul Cheney</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6083246" type="text/json">{"id":6083246,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Cheney","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"PaulCheney","display_name":"Paul Cheney","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/PaulCheney?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6083246/3604517/4455417/s65_paul.cheney.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44989121 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44989121"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44989121, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44989121", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44989121]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44989121").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44989121").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44989121"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History">Economic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="137" type="text/json">{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4121" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World">Atlantic World</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4121" type="text/json">{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4652" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution">French Revolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4652" type="text/json">{"id":4652,"name":"French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4653" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography_of_the_French_Revolution">Historiography of the French Revolution</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4653" type="text/json">{"id":4653,"name":"Historiography of the French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography_of_the_French_Revolution?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44989121]'), work: {"id":44989121,"title":"Alan Forrest, The Death of the French Atlantic: Trade, War, and Slavery in the Age of Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020","created_at":"2021-01-27T05:03:13.107-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44989121/Alan_Forrest_The_Death_of_the_French_Atlantic_Trade_War_and_Slavery_in_the_Age_of_Revolution_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_2020?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_44989121","summary":"Review of Allan Forrest, The Death of the French Atlantic: Trade, War, and Slavery in the Age of Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65530582,"asset_id":44989121,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6083246,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Cheney","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"PaulCheney","display_name":"Paul Cheney","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/PaulCheney?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6083246/3604517/4455417/s65_paul.cheney.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":4652,"name":"French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Revolution?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":4653,"name":"Historiography of the French Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography_of_the_French_Revolution?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6872,"name":"Haitian Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haitian_Revolution?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":19455,"name":"Early Modern economic and social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_economic_and_social_history?f_ri=7643"},{"id":20742,"name":"The Age of Revolutions in the Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Age_of_Revolutions_in_the_Atlantic_World?f_ri=7643"},{"id":566455,"name":"Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars?f_ri=7643"},{"id":996709,"name":"Old Regime France","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Regime_France?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42153058" data-work_id="42153058" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42153058/The_global_politics_of_medical_reform_in_Britain_and_Jamaica_in_the_early_nineteenth_century">The global politics of medical reform in Britain and Jamaica in the early nineteenth century</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Between 1826 and 1843 the medical practitioners of Jamaica engaged in a long and fraught campaign to create a College of Physicians and Surgeons. This campaign linked the island with the global processes of medical and political reform,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42153058" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Between 1826 and 1843 the medical practitioners of Jamaica engaged in a long and fraught campaign to create a College of Physicians and Surgeons.  This campaign linked the island with the global processes of medical and political reform, especially in Britain, and numerous studies have revealed the political barriers that faced efforts to reshape medical practices in this period.  Yet the metropole was also in a continuous dialogue with its colonial periphery.  Existing work has looked at what this dialogue meant for the circulation of medical theories and practices, but equally important was the transmission of medical institutions, which provided structures for their development and application.  The campaign in Jamaica offers an important case study of the complex process by which medical institutions spread in this period and reveals both the imperial aspects of medical and social reform in Jamaica and the colonial aspects of medical reform in Britain.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42153058" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4e3eef7e76ab63a8e80630aac9232d8d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62293103,"asset_id":42153058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62293103/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="210404" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/AaronGraham">Aaron Graham</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="210404" type="text/json">{"id":210404,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Graham","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"AaronGraham","display_name":"Aaron Graham","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/AaronGraham?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/210404/600946/39739967/s65_aaron.graham.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42153058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42153058"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42153058, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42153058", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42153058]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42153058").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42153058").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42153058"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1250" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History">Latin American and Caribbean History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1250" type="text/json">{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2273" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Medicine">History of Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2273" type="text/json">{"id":2273,"name":"History of Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Medicine?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42153058]'), work: {"id":42153058,"title":"The global politics of medical reform in Britain and Jamaica in the early nineteenth century","created_at":"2020-03-06T05:06:25.825-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42153058/The_global_politics_of_medical_reform_in_Britain_and_Jamaica_in_the_early_nineteenth_century?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_42153058","summary":"Between 1826 and 1843 the medical practitioners of Jamaica engaged in a long and fraught campaign to create a College of Physicians and Surgeons. This campaign linked the island with the global processes of medical and political reform, especially in Britain, and numerous studies have revealed the political barriers that faced efforts to reshape medical practices in this period. Yet the metropole was also in a continuous dialogue with its colonial periphery. Existing work has looked at what this dialogue meant for the circulation of medical theories and practices, but equally important was the transmission of medical institutions, which provided structures for their development and application. The campaign in Jamaica offers an important case study of the complex process by which medical institutions spread in this period and reveals both the imperial aspects of medical and social reform in Jamaica and the colonial aspects of medical reform in Britain.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62293103,"asset_id":42153058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":210404,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Graham","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"AaronGraham","display_name":"Aaron Graham","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/AaronGraham?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/210404/600946/39739967/s65_aaron.graham.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":2273,"name":"History of Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Medicine?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":6873,"name":"Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_History?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":7945,"name":"Caribbean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Studies?f_ri=7643"},{"id":8706,"name":"Jamaica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jamaica?f_ri=7643"},{"id":19040,"name":"Caribbean Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Slavery?f_ri=7643"},{"id":25175,"name":"Social History of Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_of_Medicine?f_ri=7643"},{"id":60428,"name":"Medical History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_History?f_ri=7643"},{"id":86393,"name":"Abolitionism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolitionism?f_ri=7643"},{"id":168567,"name":"Latin America and the Caribbean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39691203" data-work_id="39691203" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39691203/Pages_from_Teaching_Social_Studies_Vol_19_No_2_Summer_Fall">Pages from Teaching Social Studies Vol. 19 No. 2, Summer Fall</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Journal article based on my thesis A Slow Burn.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39691203" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e5040a66b11138e33d209f0dcd37e6df" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59860809,"asset_id":39691203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59860809/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3414547" href="https://csi-cuny.academia.edu/DebbieAnnPaige">Debbie-Ann Paige</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3414547" type="text/json">{"id":3414547,"first_name":"Debbie-Ann","last_name":"Paige","domain_name":"csi-cuny","page_name":"DebbieAnnPaige","display_name":"Debbie-Ann Paige","profile_url":"https://csi-cuny.academia.edu/DebbieAnnPaige?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3414547/1158294/20970055/s65_debbie-ann.paige.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39691203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39691203"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39691203, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39691203", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39691203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39691203; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39691203"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39691203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39691203"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39691203; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39691203]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39691203").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39691203").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39691203"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History">Local History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4156" type="text/json">{"id":4156,"name":"Local History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13080" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Civil_War">American Civil War</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13080" type="text/json">{"id":13080,"name":"American Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Civil_War?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="742988" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antislavery_Politics">Antislavery Politics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="742988" type="text/json">{"id":742988,"name":"Antislavery Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antislavery_Politics?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39691203]'), work: {"id":39691203,"title":"Pages from Teaching Social Studies Vol. 19 No. 2, Summer Fall","created_at":"2019-06-25T06:37:57.260-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39691203/Pages_from_Teaching_Social_Studies_Vol_19_No_2_Summer_Fall?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_39691203","summary":"Journal article based on my thesis A Slow Burn.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59860809,"asset_id":39691203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3414547,"first_name":"Debbie-Ann","last_name":"Paige","domain_name":"csi-cuny","page_name":"DebbieAnnPaige","display_name":"Debbie-Ann Paige","profile_url":"https://csi-cuny.academia.edu/DebbieAnnPaige?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3414547/1158294/20970055/s65_debbie-ann.paige.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4156,"name":"Local History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":13080,"name":"American Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Civil_War?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":742988,"name":"Antislavery Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antislavery_Politics?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34766897" data-work_id="34766897" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34766897/_BOOK_CHAPTER_Under_Pressure_and_out_of_Respect_for_Human_Dignity_the_1910_Chinese_Abolition">[BOOK CHAPTER] Under Pressure and out of Respect for Human Dignity: the 1910 Chinese Abolition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A few years ago, the issue of slavery was openly raised in China when the Constitution and Human Rights Commission of the All China Lawyers Association (ACLA) submitted a law proposal aiming at the specific criminalization of slave labor.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34766897" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A few years ago, the issue of slavery was openly raised in China when the Constitution and Human Rights Commission of the All China Lawyers Association (ACLA) submitted a law proposal aiming at the specific criminalization of slave labor. In the aftermath of the unprecedentedly publicized 2007 Shanxi brick kiln slave scandal, the ACLA asserted that despite the fact that the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China guarantees individual freedom and had declared the exploitation of man by man eliminated, the penal law was not appropriate to fight effectively against the new forms of bondage and trafficking in human beings that recently developed all over the country. Wu Ge, Director of the Human Rights Commission, considered the adoption of such a law as utmostly necessary not only for the preservation of human dignity, but also as a way to bring China – as a civilized nation – into line with international standards, to help improving international cooperation in the fight against modern slavery, and to remain faithful to the long Chinese history which saw the end of the slave system in 467 BCE, he said.<br />However, if the issue of slavery remains a hot and delicate topic in contemporary China, who does remember that one century ago, although in a radically different context, the last imperial dynasty vigorously addressed it in slightly similar terms? Who still remembers that, threatened on all sides, the imperial government abolished “bondservant” status, prohibited the trade of human beings, and nearly succeeded in carving its place in the world of the civilized nations that have abolished slavery? As a contribution to the understudied history of human bondage in China, this chapter aims at reviving the memory of the late Qing abolition process. It first explores the well-known Shanghai Mixed Court Incident of late 1905 as a critical moment in the Sino-Western confrontation about “civilization” issues such as human dignity and slavery, which led Viceroy Zhou Fu to submit, on March 6, 1906, a memorial proposing nothing less than “the abolition of the buying and selling of human beings.” It then proposes an overview of the content and scope of the various memorials drafted by the Commission for the Codification of Laws under the supervision of Shen Jiaben until the abolition was officially promulgated in 1910. It finally attempts to evaluate the knowledge of Western slavery and its abolitions, its influence on late Qing society, and the degree of penetration of antislavery ideas in early twentieth century China. It notably explores the omnipresent rhetoric of slavery that made such a rapid reform possible in spite of the apparent absence of any prior debate over slavery within the Chinese public sphere.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34766897" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f5762c9c47da9bd392863bd0eefc82b0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54626093,"asset_id":34766897,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54626093/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1138498" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/ClaudeChevaleyre">Claude Chevaleyre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1138498" type="text/json">{"id":1138498,"first_name":"Claude","last_name":"Chevaleyre","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"ClaudeChevaleyre","display_name":"Claude Chevaleyre","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/ClaudeChevaleyre?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1138498/400072/1165669/s65_claude.chevaleyre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34766897 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34766897"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34766897, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34766897", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34766897]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34766897").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34766897").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34766897"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34766897]'), work: {"id":34766897,"title":"[BOOK CHAPTER] Under Pressure and out of Respect for Human Dignity: the 1910 Chinese Abolition","created_at":"2017-10-04T19:06:22.653-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34766897/_BOOK_CHAPTER_Under_Pressure_and_out_of_Respect_for_Human_Dignity_the_1910_Chinese_Abolition?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_34766897","summary":"A few years ago, the issue of slavery was openly raised in China when the Constitution and Human Rights Commission of the All China Lawyers Association (ACLA) submitted a law proposal aiming at the specific criminalization of slave labor. In the aftermath of the unprecedentedly publicized 2007 Shanxi brick kiln slave scandal, the ACLA asserted that despite the fact that the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China guarantees individual freedom and had declared the exploitation of man by man eliminated, the penal law was not appropriate to fight effectively against the new forms of bondage and trafficking in human beings that recently developed all over the country. Wu Ge, Director of the Human Rights Commission, considered the adoption of such a law as utmostly necessary not only for the preservation of human dignity, but also as a way to bring China – as a civilized nation – into line with international standards, to help improving international cooperation in the fight against modern slavery, and to remain faithful to the long Chinese history which saw the end of the slave system in 467 BCE, he said.\nHowever, if the issue of slavery remains a hot and delicate topic in contemporary China, who does remember that one century ago, although in a radically different context, the last imperial dynasty vigorously addressed it in slightly similar terms? Who still remembers that, threatened on all sides, the imperial government abolished “bondservant” status, prohibited the trade of human beings, and nearly succeeded in carving its place in the world of the civilized nations that have abolished slavery? As a contribution to the understudied history of human bondage in China, this chapter aims at reviving the memory of the late Qing abolition process. It first explores the well-known Shanghai Mixed Court Incident of late 1905 as a critical moment in the Sino-Western confrontation about “civilization” issues such as human dignity and slavery, which led Viceroy Zhou Fu to submit, on March 6, 1906, a memorial proposing nothing less than “the abolition of the buying and selling of human beings.” It then proposes an overview of the content and scope of the various memorials drafted by the Commission for the Codification of Laws under the supervision of Shen Jiaben until the abolition was officially promulgated in 1910. It finally attempts to evaluate the knowledge of Western slavery and its abolitions, its influence on late Qing society, and the degree of penetration of antislavery ideas in early twentieth century China. It notably explores the omnipresent rhetoric of slavery that made such a rapid reform possible in spite of the apparent absence of any prior debate over slavery within the Chinese public sphere. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54626093,"asset_id":34766897,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":56644092,"asset_id":34766897,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1138498,"first_name":"Claude","last_name":"Chevaleyre","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"ClaudeChevaleyre","display_name":"Claude Chevaleyre","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/ClaudeChevaleyre?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1138498/400072/1165669/s65_claude.chevaleyre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1230778" data-work_id="1230778" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11452434" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SamiPinarbasi">Sami Pinarbasi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11452434" type="text/json">{"id":11452434,"first_name":"Sami","last_name":"Pinarbasi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SamiPinarbasi","display_name":"Sami Pinarbasi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SamiPinarbasi?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11452434/3414997/35156964/s65_sami.pinarbasi.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38615409 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38615409"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ 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type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13017" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade">Slave Trade</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13017" type="text/json">{"id":13017,"name":"Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38615409]'), work: {"id":38615409,"title":"Manchester Petitions GIS Images, 1806","created_at":"2019-03-23T15:48:46.862-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38615409/Manchester_Petitions_GIS_Images_1806?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_38615409","summary":"GIS images of Manchester slavery petitions of 1806","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58691949,"asset_id":38615409,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11452434,"first_name":"Sami","last_name":"Pinarbasi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SamiPinarbasi","display_name":"Sami 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Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_Slave_Trade?f_ri=7643"},{"id":417878,"name":"Petitions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petitions?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45433650" data-work_id="45433650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45433650/LA_REPARATION_DES_ATTEINTES_A_LINTEGRITE_PHYSIQUE_ET_PSYCHIQUE_DES_FEMMES_LE_CAS_DES_COMFORT_WOMEN_Muriel_Ub%C3%A9da_Saillard_Professeure_%C3%A0_luniversit%C3%A9_de_Lille">LA REPARATION DES ATTEINTES A L'INTEGRITE PHYSIQUE ET PSYCHIQUE DES FEMMES : LE CAS DES « COMFORT WOMEN » Muriel Ubéda-Saillard Professeure à l'université de Lille</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La difficile quête de justice des "comfort women" (esclaves sexuelles des armées du Japon en campagne avant 1945) devant les juridictions des Etats concernés (Japon, Corée du Sud, Philippines) et les juridictions étrangères au titre de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45433650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La difficile quête de justice des "comfort women"  (esclaves sexuelles des armées du Japon en campagne avant 1945) devant les juridictions des Etats concernés (Japon, Corée du Sud, Philippines) et les juridictions étrangères au titre de la compétence universelle</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="182275611" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MurielUb%C3%A9daSaillard">Muriel Ubéda-Saillard</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="182275611" type="text/json">{"id":182275611,"first_name":"Muriel","last_name":"Ubéda-Saillard","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MurielUbédaSaillard","display_name":"Muriel Ubéda-Saillard","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MurielUb%C3%A9daSaillard?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/182275611/50494056/38519565/s65_muriel.ub_da-saillard.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45433650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45433650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong 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data-work-id="45433650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45433650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45433650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45433650").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45433650").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45433650"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7643" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery">Abolition of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7643" type="text/json">{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11665" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Humanitarian_Law">International Humanitarian Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11665" type="text/json">{"id":11665,"name":"International Humanitarian Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Humanitarian_Law?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="107019" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Jurisdiction">Universal Jurisdiction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="107019" type="text/json">{"id":107019,"name":"Universal Jurisdiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Jurisdiction?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="478651" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comfort_Women">Comfort Women</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="478651" type="text/json">{"id":478651,"name":"Comfort Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comfort_Women?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45433650]'), work: {"id":45433650,"title":"LA REPARATION DES ATTEINTES A L'INTEGRITE PHYSIQUE ET PSYCHIQUE DES FEMMES : LE CAS DES « COMFORT WOMEN » Muriel Ubéda-Saillard Professeure à l'université de Lille","created_at":"2021-03-08T10:18:52.755-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45433650/LA_REPARATION_DES_ATTEINTES_A_LINTEGRITE_PHYSIQUE_ET_PSYCHIQUE_DES_FEMMES_LE_CAS_DES_COMFORT_WOMEN_Muriel_Ub%C3%A9da_Saillard_Professeure_%C3%A0_luniversit%C3%A9_de_Lille?f_ri=7643","dom_id":"work_45433650","summary":"La difficile quête de justice des \"comfort women\" (esclaves sexuelles des armées du Japon en campagne avant 1945) devant les juridictions des Etats concernés (Japon, Corée du Sud, Philippines) et les juridictions étrangères au titre de la compétence universelle","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65943726,"asset_id":45433650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":182275611,"first_name":"Muriel","last_name":"Ubéda-Saillard","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MurielUbédaSaillard","display_name":"Muriel Ubéda-Saillard","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MurielUb%C3%A9daSaillard?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/182275611/50494056/38519565/s65_muriel.ub_da-saillard.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7643,"name":"Abolition of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abolition_of_Slavery?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":11665,"name":"International Humanitarian Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Humanitarian_Law?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":107019,"name":"Universal Jurisdiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Jurisdiction?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":478651,"name":"Comfort Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comfort_Women?f_ri=7643","nofollow":false},{"id":958130,"name":"Peace Treaty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Treaty?f_ri=7643"},{"id":2266723,"name":"Mass claims","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_claims?f_ri=7643"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2005269" data-work_id="2005269" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2005269/_Under_the_Guise_of_Guardianship_and_Marriage_Mobilizing_Juvenile_and_Female_labor_in_the_Aftermath_of_Slavery_in_Kayes_French_Soudan_1900_1939">"Under the Guise of Guardianship and Marriage": Mobilizing Juvenile and Female labor in the Aftermath of Slavery in Kayes, French Soudan, 1900-1939</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2005269" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b633e29f713f6b0e66f0d849159293cf" rel="nofollow" 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43790012/Oppression_and_racial_slavery_Abolitionist_challenges_to_neo_republicanism">Oppression and racial slavery: Abolitionist challenges to neo-republicanism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The neo-republican conception of freedom as non-domination has emerged as a powerful framework for conceptualizing the dynamic relationship between power, democracy, and constitutionalism in modernity. Despite this, I argue that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43790012" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The neo-republican conception of freedom as non-domination has emerged as a powerful framework for conceptualizing the dynamic relationship between power, democracy, and constitutionalism in modernity. Despite this, I argue that adaptations of republican freedom to the problem of slavery displace attention to race and foreclose more productive ways of addressing how racial slavery constitutes a distinct form of oppression. To illuminate the limitations of neo-republicanism, I turn to the political thought of abolitionists David Walker and Ottobah Cugoano. Both utilize comparative histories of race and slavery to reveal the specificity of modern slavery as a form of oppression, which cannot be captured as an issue of domination in the technical sense of the term. They thus pose challenges to neo-republican theory for its failure to fully appreciate the historical differences between ancient and modern slavery. To do so would illuminate how neo-republican theory faces severe limitations in providing an adequate conceptualization of oppression in the case of racial slavery.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43790012" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e6d962fdca82b0f7b14e542371fea6cb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64105474,"asset_id":43790012,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64105474/download_file?st=MTczMzI2OTUyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3700702" href="https://umass.academia.edu/AdamDahl">Adam Dahl</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3700702" type="text/json">{"id":3700702,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Dahl","domain_name":"umass","page_name":"AdamDahl","display_name":"Adam Dahl","profile_url":"https://umass.academia.edu/AdamDahl?f_ri=7643","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3700702/1318907/17461634/s65_adam.dahl.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43790012 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43790012"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43790012, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43790012", }); 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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19420531" data-work_id="19420531" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19420531/Maria_Edgeworths_Grateful_Negro_and_Pro_Slavery_Sentimentalism">Maria Edgeworth's 'Grateful Negro' and Pro-Slavery Sentimentalism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19420531" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f8a972d06878aa06dea00d922ac4c8c9" 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hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="13497">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_History">Caribbean History</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="6873">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="6873">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_And_Abolition">Race And Abolition</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="15829">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled 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