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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ancient history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indo-Scythians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indo-Scythians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Indo-Scythians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indo-Scythians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kushan_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kushan_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Kushan Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kushan_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gupta_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gupta_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Gupta Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gupta_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Harsha_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Harsha_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>Harsha Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Harsha_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_History_and_Islamic_Invasions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_History_and_Islamic_Invasions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Medieval History and Islamic Invasions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_History_and_Islamic_Invasions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Early Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>High Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Late Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_Modern_History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Modern_History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Early Modern History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Modern_History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pilgrimage_by_the_Family_of_Peshwa_of_Maratha_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pilgrimage_by_the_Family_of_Peshwa_of_Maratha_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Pilgrimage by the Family of Peshwa of Maratha Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pilgrimage_by_the_Family_of_Peshwa_of_Maratha_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Religious heritage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culinary_tradition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary_tradition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Culinary tradition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary_tradition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Tram</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strategic_importance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strategic_importance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Strategic importance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strategic_importance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Industries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_and_communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_and_communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Media and communications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_and_communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Educational_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Educational_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Educational institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Educational_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mathura</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="ماثورا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماثورا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="মথুরা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মথুরা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura_(si%C3%A2%E2%81%BF)" title="Mathura (siâⁿ) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mathura (siâⁿ)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="मथुरा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मथुरा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura_(lungsod)" title="Mathura (lungsod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mathura (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathur%C4%81" title="Mathurā – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mathurā" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="ماتورا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماتورا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhura" title="Madhura – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Madhura" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A5%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE" title="મથુરા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મથુરા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%ED%88%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="마투라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마투라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Մաթհուրա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մաթհուրա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="मथुरा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मथुरा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="মথুরা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মথুরা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandura" title="Mandura – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mandura" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A5%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE" title="ಮಥುರಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಥುರಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Матхура – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Матхура" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="मथुरा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="मथुरा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B0" title="മഥുര – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മഥുര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="मथुरा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मथुरा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura,_Mathura" title="Mathura, Mathura – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mathura, Mathura" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura_(stad)" title="Mathura (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mathura (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="मथुरा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मथुरा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="मथुरा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मथुरा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC" title="マトゥラー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マトゥラー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A5%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE" title="ମଥୁରା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମଥୁରା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮਥੁਰਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਥੁਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="متھرا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="متھرا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matura" title="Matura – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Matura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Матхура – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Матхура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="मथुरा – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मथुरा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱢᱚᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱚᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AE%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F" title="මථුරා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මථුරා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Матура (град) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Матура (град)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE,_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மதுரா, உத்தரப் பிரதேசம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மதுரா, உத்தரப் பிரதேசம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Матхура – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Матхура" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A5%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0" title="మథుర – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మథుర" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="มถุรา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มถุรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Матхура – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Матхура" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="متھرا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متھرا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mathura" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%9B%BE%E6%8B%89" title="马图拉 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马图拉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%9B%BE%E6%8B%89" title="马图拉 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马图拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q200311#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Mathura" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page 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class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mathura&params=27_29_33_N_77_40_25_E_type:city(441894)_region:IN-UP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°29′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°40′25″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.49250°N 77.67361°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">27.49250; 77.67361</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Uttar Pradesh, India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see <a href="/wiki/Mathura_district" title="Mathura district">Mathura district</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Mathura_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mathura (disambiguation)">Mathura (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Uttar Pradesh, India</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Mathura</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style=";height:178px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vishram_Ghat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Vishram_Ghat.jpg/268px-Vishram_Ghat.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Vishram_Ghat.jpg/402px-Vishram_Ghat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Vishram_Ghat.jpg/536px-Vishram_Ghat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5061" data-file-height="3373" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:126px;max-width:126px"><div style=";height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_in_colour_-_Thousands_celebrate_Holi_in_Mathura.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Life_in_colour_-_Thousands_celebrate_Holi_in_Mathura.jpg/250px-Life_in_colour_-_Thousands_celebrate_Holi_in_Mathura.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div style=";height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mathura_Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Mathura_Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG/140px-Mathura_Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG" decoding="async" width="140" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Mathura_Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG/210px-Mathura_Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Mathura_Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG/280px-Mathura_Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:145px;max-width:145px"><div style=";height:80px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KANS_FORT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/KANS_FORT.jpg/250px-KANS_FORT.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/KANS_FORT.jpg/330px-KANS_FORT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2340" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:123px;max-width:123px"><div style=";height:80px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5016.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5016.JPG/121px-Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5016.JPG" decoding="async" width="121" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5016.JPG/182px-Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5016.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5016.JPG/242px-Government_Museum_-_Mathura_2013-02-23_5016.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><b>Clockwise from top:</b> <a href="/wiki/Vishram_Ghat" title="Vishram Ghat">Vishram Ghat</a> on banks of river <a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmasthan_Temple_Complex" title="Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex">Keshavdeva Temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathura_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura Museum">Mathura Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kans_Quila" title="Kans Quila">Kans Quila</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a> celebrations in Mathura</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Krishnanagri; The City of Lord Krishna</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Uttar_Pradesh_relief_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mathura"><img alt="Mathura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/India_Uttar_Pradesh_relief_map.svg/250px-India_Uttar_Pradesh_relief_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/India_Uttar_Pradesh_relief_map.svg/500px-India_Uttar_Pradesh_relief_map.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="981" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:44.888%;left:8.748%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mathura"><img alt="Mathura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Mathura</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Uttar Pradesh</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mathura"><img alt="Mathura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/India_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-India_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/India_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-India_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/India_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-India_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1615" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.792%;left:33.355%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mathura"><img alt="Mathura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Mathura</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of India</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mathura&params=27_29_33_N_77_40_25_E_type:city(441894)_region:IN-UP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°29′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°40′25″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.49250°N 77.67361°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">27.49250; 77.67361</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_union_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of states and union territories of India">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="List of districts of Uttar Pradesh">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mathura_district" title="Mathura district">Mathura</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Administrative divisions of Uttar Pradesh">Division</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Agra_division" title="Agra division">Agra</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">1100 BCE</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Corporation">Municipal Corporation</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Mathura-Vrindavan Municipal Corporation</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Vinod Agarwal<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Legislative_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Legislative Assembly">Member of Legislative Assembly</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shrikant_Sharma" title="Shrikant Sharma">Shrikant Sharma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament,_Lok_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of parliament, Lok Sabha">Member of Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hema_Malini" title="Hema Malini">Hema Malini</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">39 km<sup>2</sup> (15 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">441,894</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">11,000/km<sup>2</sup> (29,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">Language</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Official</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a><sup id="cite_ref-langoff_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-langoff-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Additional official</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a><sup id="cite_ref-langoff_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-langoff-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Regional</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Braj_Bhasha" title="Braj Bhasha">Braj Bhasha</a><sup id="cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LuciaMichelutti1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B5:30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+5:30">UTC+5:30</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_Index_Number" title="Postal Index Number">PIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">281001</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Telephone code</th><td class="infobox-data">0565</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">UP-85</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mathura.nic.in">mathura<wbr />.nic<wbr />.in</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background:#FFFEE9; border:3px solid #af4730"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#af4630; color:white"><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_Pilgrimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist Pilgrimage"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Pilgrimage to</span></a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#af4630; color:white"><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_Pilgrimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist Pilgrimage"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Buddha's Holy Sites</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/120px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/250px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#af4630; color:white;color: var(--color-base)">The Four Main Sites</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodh_Gaya" title="Bodh Gaya">Bodh Gaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushinagar" title="Kushinagar">Kushinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbini" title="Lumbini">Lumbini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarnath" title="Sarnath">Sarnath</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#af4630; color:white;color: var(--color-base)">Four Additional Sites</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rajgir" title="Rajgir">Rajgir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankissa" title="Sankissa">Sankissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shravasti" title="Shravasti">Shravasti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishali_(ancient_city)" title="Vaishali (ancient city)">Vaishali</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#af4630; color:white;color: var(--color-base)">Other Sites</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajanta_Caves" title="Ajanta Caves">Ajanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaravati_Stupa" title="Amaravati Stupa">Amaravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barabar_Caves" title="Barabar Caves">Barabar Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharhut" title="Bharhut">Bharhut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandavaram_Buddhist_site" title="Chandavaram Buddhist site">Chandavaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devdaha" title="Devdaha">Devdaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellora_Caves" title="Ellora Caves">Ellora Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapilavastu_(ancient_city)" title="Kapilavastu (ancient city)">Kapilavastu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesaria_Stupa" title="Kesaria Stupa">Kesaria Stupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosambi" title="Kosambi">Kosambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalitgiri" title="Lalitgiri">Lalitgiri</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Nalanda">Nalanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasik_Caves" title="Nasik Caves">Nasik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pataliputra" title="Pataliputra">Pataliputra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81v%C4%81" title="Pāvā">Pāvā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piprahwa" title="Piprahwa">Piprahwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushpagiri_Vihara" title="Pushpagiri Vihara">Pushpagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramagrama_stupa" title="Ramagrama stupa">Ramagrama stupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratnagiri,_Odisha" title="Ratnagiri, Odisha">Ratnagiri</a></li> <li><a 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BuddhasHolySites" title="Template:BuddhasHolySites"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BuddhasHolySites" title="Template talk:BuddhasHolySites"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BuddhasHolySites" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BuddhasHolySites"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mathura</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Hindi pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hi-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">[mɐ.t̪ʰʊ.ɾäː]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/41\/Mathura.ogg\/Mathura.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Mathura.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Mathura.ogg/Mathura.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Mathura.ogg" title="File:Mathura.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>) is a city and the administrative headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Mathura_district" title="Mathura district">Mathura district</a> in the <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">Indian state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>. It is located 57.6 kilometres (35.8 mi) north of <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a>, and 146 kilometres (91 mi) south-east of <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>; about 14.5 kilometres (9.0 mi) from the town of <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>, and 22 kilometres (14 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Govardhan" title="Govardhan">Govardhan</a>. In ancient times, Mathura was an <a href="/wiki/Economic" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic">economic</a> hub, located at the junction of important <a href="/wiki/Caravan_(travellers)" title="Caravan (travellers)">caravan</a> routes. The <a href="/wiki/2011_Census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Census of India">2011 Census of India</a> estimated the population of Mathura at 441,894. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>, one of the main deities in that religion, is believed to be located in Mathura at the <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmasthan_Temple_Complex" title="Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex">Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Prasad_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prasad-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the <a href="/wiki/Sapta_Puri" title="Sapta Puri">Sapta Puri</a>, the seven cities considered holy by <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a>, also is called Mokshyadayni Tirth. The <a href="/wiki/Kesava_Deo_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesava Deo Temple">Kesava Deo Temple</a> was built in ancient times on the site of Krishna's birthplace (an underground <a href="/wiki/Prison" title="Prison">prison</a>). Mathura was the capital of the kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Surasena" title="Surasena">Surasena</a>, ruled by <a href="/wiki/Kamsa" title="Kamsa">Kamsa</a>, the maternal uncle of Krishna. Mathura is part of the <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> circuit (Mathura, Vrindavan, <a href="/wiki/Barsana" title="Barsana">Barsana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Govardhan" title="Govardhan">Govardhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/48_kos_parikrama_of_Kurukshetra" class="mw-redirect" title="48 kos parikrama of Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dwarka" title="Dwarka">Dwarka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhalka" title="Bhalka">Bhalka</a>). <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Krishna Janmashtami</a> is grandly celebrated in Mathura every year. </p><p>Mathura has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for the <a href="/wiki/Heritage_City_Development_and_Augmentation_Yojana" title="Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana">Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana</a> scheme of Government of India.<sup id="cite_ref-holycity_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holycity-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Traditionally it is believed that it was founded by <a href="/wiki/Shatrughna" title="Shatrughna">Shatrughna</a> after killing <a href="/wiki/Yadava" title="Yadava">Yadava</a> <a href="/wiki/Lavana" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavana">Lavana</a> at the site of Madhuvana. According to <a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a> it was founded by <a href="/wiki/Madhu" title="Madhu">Madhu</a> (a man of the <a href="/wiki/Yadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Yadu">Yadu tribe</a>). Later on Madhu's son <a href="/wiki/Lavanasura" title="Lavanasura">Lavanasura</a> was defeated by Satrughana.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Madhu says all the territory of Mathura belongs to <a href="/wiki/Abhiras" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhiras">Abhiras</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /></p><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mathura_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura art">Mathura art</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edwin_Lord_Weeks_-_Along_the_Ghats,_Mathura.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Edwin_Lord_Weeks_-_Along_the_Ghats%2C_Mathura.jpg/220px-Edwin_Lord_Weeks_-_Along_the_Ghats%2C_Mathura.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Edwin_Lord_Weeks_-_Along_the_Ghats%2C_Mathura.jpg/330px-Edwin_Lord_Weeks_-_Along_the_Ghats%2C_Mathura.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Edwin_Lord_Weeks_-_Along_the_Ghats%2C_Mathura.jpg/440px-Edwin_Lord_Weeks_-_Along_the_Ghats%2C_Mathura.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5443" data-file-height="3990" /></a><figcaption>Along the Ghats of Mathura (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880</span>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kankali_Tila_(Jaini_mound).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Kankali_Tila_%28Jaini_mound%29.jpg/250px-Kankali_Tila_%28Jaini_mound%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Kankali_Tila_%28Jaini_mound%29.jpg/330px-Kankali_Tila_%28Jaini_mound%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Kankali_Tila_%28Jaini_mound%29.jpg/500px-Kankali_Tila_%28Jaini_mound%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1872" data-file-height="1249" /></a><figcaption>General view of the excavations in January 1889 at Kankali Tila, Mathura</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kanishka_enhanced.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kanishka_enhanced.jpg/250px-Kanishka_enhanced.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kanishka_enhanced.jpg/330px-Kanishka_enhanced.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kanishka_enhanced.jpg/500px-Kanishka_enhanced.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3053" data-file-height="4954" /></a><figcaption>Statue of <a href="/wiki/Kanishka_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanishka I">Kanishka I</a>, second century CE, <a href="/wiki/Mathura_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura Museum">Mathura Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KITLV_87971_-_Unknown_-_Sculpture_of_a_woman_at_Mathura_in_British_India_-_1897.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/KITLV_87971_-_Unknown_-_Sculpture_of_a_woman_at_Mathura_in_British_India_-_1897.tif/lossy-page1-170px-KITLV_87971_-_Unknown_-_Sculpture_of_a_woman_at_Mathura_in_British_India_-_1897.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/KITLV_87971_-_Unknown_-_Sculpture_of_a_woman_at_Mathura_in_British_India_-_1897.tif/lossy-page1-255px-KITLV_87971_-_Unknown_-_Sculpture_of_a_woman_at_Mathura_in_British_India_-_1897.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/KITLV_87971_-_Unknown_-_Sculpture_of_a_woman_at_Mathura_in_British_India_-_1897.tif/lossy-page1-340px-KITLV_87971_-_Unknown_-_Sculpture_of_a_woman_at_Mathura_in_British_India_-_1897.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2664" data-file-height="5403" /></a><figcaption>Sculpture of woman from ancient Braj-Mathura ca. second century CE.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mathura, which lies at the centre of the cultural region of <a href="/wiki/Braj" title="Braj">Braj</a><sup id="cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LuciaMichelutti1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has an ancient history and is also believed to be the homeland and birthplace of Krishna, who belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Yadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Yadu">Yadu</a> dynasty. According to the <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Survey_of_India" title="Archaeological Survey of India">Archaeological Survey of India</a> plaque at the <a href="/wiki/Mathura_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura Museum">Mathura Museum</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Britishlibrary_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britishlibrary-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the city is mentioned in the oldest Indian epic, the <i>Ramayana</i>. In the epic, the <a href="/wiki/Ikshwaku" class="mw-redirect" title="Ikshwaku">Ikshwaku</a> prince Shatrughna slays a demon called Lavanasura and claims the land. Afterwards, the place came to be known as <a href="/wiki/Madhuvan" class="mw-redirect" title="Madhuvan">Madhuvan</a> as it was thickly wooded, then Madhupura and later Mathura.<sup id="cite_ref-p1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-p1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most important pilgrimage site in Mathura was Katra ('market place'), now referred to as <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> Janmasthan ('the birthplace of Krishna'). Excavations at the site revealed pottery and terracotta dating to the sixth century BCE, the remains of a large <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> complex, including a monastery called Yasha Vihara of the <a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta</a> period, as well as <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jain</a> sculptures of the same era.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_history">Ancient history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ancient history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeological excavations at Mathura show the gradual growth of a village into an important city during the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_age" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic age">Vedic age</a>. The earliest period belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Painted_Grey_Ware_culture" title="Painted Grey Ware culture">Painted Grey Ware culture</a> (1100–500 BCE), followed by the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Black_Polished_Ware" title="Northern Black Polished Ware">Northern Black Polished Ware</a> culture (700–200 BCE). Mathura derived its importance as a center of trade due to its location where the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Trunk_Road" title="Grand Trunk Road">northern trade route</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic Plain</a> met with the routes to <a href="/wiki/Malwa" title="Malwa">Malwa</a> (central India) and the <a href="/wiki/Western_India" title="Western India">west coast</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Singh2008_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh2008-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeologists have discovered a fragment of Mathura red sandstone from <a href="/wiki/Rakhigarhi" title="Rakhigarhi">Rakhigarhi</a> - a site of <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilisation">Indus Valley civilisation</a> dated to third millennium BCE - which was used as a grindstone; red sandstone was also a popular material for <a href="/wiki/Art_of_Mathura" title="Art of Mathura">historic period sculptures</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the sixth century BCE Mathura became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Surasena" title="Surasena">Surasena Kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ImpGazetteer_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ImpGazetteer-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was later ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Maurya" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurya">Maurya</a> empire (fourth to second centuries BCE). <a href="/wiki/Megasthenes" title="Megasthenes">Megasthenes</a>, writing in the early third century BCE, mentions Mathura as a great city under the name Μέθορα (<i>Méthora</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It seems it never was under the direct control of the following <a href="/wiki/Shunga_Empire" title="Shunga Empire">Shunga</a> dynasty (2nd century BCE) as not a single archaeological remain of a Shunga presence were ever found in Mathura.<sup id="cite_ref-Rhie_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhie-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Indo-Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Greeks">Indo-Greeks</a> may have taken control, direct or indirect, of Mathura some time between 180 BCE and 100 BCE, and remained so as late as 70 BCE according to the <a href="/wiki/Yavanarajya_inscription" title="Yavanarajya inscription">Yavanarajya inscription</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Rhie_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhie-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was found in <a href="/wiki/Maghera" title="Maghera">Maghera</a>, a town 17 kilometres (11 mi) from Mathura.<sup id="cite_ref-BotAI_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BotAI-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The opening of the 3 line text of this inscription in <a href="/wiki/Brahmi_script" title="Brahmi script">Brahmi script</a> translates as: "In the 116th year of the <a href="/wiki/Yavana" class="mw-redirect" title="Yavana">Yavana</a> kingdom..."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or '"In the 116th year of Yavana hegemony" ("<i>Yavanarajya</i>")<sup id="cite_ref-Rhie_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhie-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this also corresponds to the presence of the native <a href="/wiki/Mitra_dynasty_(Mathura)" title="Mitra dynasty (Mathura)">Mitra dynasty</a> of local rulers in Mathura, in approximately the same time frame (150 BCE—50 BCE), possibly pointing to a vassalage relationship with the Indo-Greeks.<sup id="cite_ref-Rhie_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhie-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indo-Scythians">Indo-Scythians</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indo-Scythians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After a period of local rule, Mathura was conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Scythians" title="Indo-Scythians">Indo-Scythians</a> during the first century BCE. The Indo-Scythian satraps of Mathura are sometimes called the "<a href="/wiki/Northern_Satraps" title="Northern Satraps">Northern Satraps</a>", as opposed to the "<a href="/wiki/Western_Satraps" title="Western Satraps">Western Satraps</a>" ruling in <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malwa" title="Malwa">Malwa</a>. However, Indo-Scythian control proved to be short lived, following the reign of the Indo-Scythian <i>Mahakshatrapa</i> ("Great Satrap") <a href="/wiki/Rajuvula" title="Rajuvula">Rajuvula</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 10</span>–25 CE. The Mora Well inscription of Mahakshatrapa <a href="/wiki/Rajuvula" title="Rajuvula">Rajuvula</a>, of the early decades of the first century CE, found in a village seven miles from Mathura, stated that images <i>pratima(h)</i> of the blessed (<i>bhagavatam</i>) five <a href="/wiki/Vrishni_heroes" title="Vrishni heroes">Vrishni heroes</a>, were installed in a stone shrine of a person called Tosa.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The heroes were identified from a passage in the <a href="/wiki/Vayu_Purana" title="Vayu Purana">Vayu Purana</a> as Samkarsana, <a href="/wiki/Vasudeva" title="Vasudeva">Vasudev</a>, Pradyumna, Samba, and Aniruddha.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The English translation of the inscription read:- </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>. . . of the son of mahakṣatrapa Rāṃjūvula, svāmi . . . The images of the holy paṃcavīras of the Vṛṣṇis is... the stone shrine... whom the magnificent matchless stone house of Toṣā was erected and maintained... five objects of adoration made of stone, radiant, as it were with highest beauty...<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The Mathura inscription of the time of Mahakshatrapa <a href="/wiki/Rajuvula" title="Rajuvula">Rajuvula</a>'s son, Mahakshatrapa <a href="/wiki/Sodasa" title="Sodasa">Sodasa</a> recorded erection of a <i>torana</i> (gateway), <i>vedika</i> (terrace) and <i>chatuhsala</i> (quadrangle) at the <i>Mahasthana</i> (great place) of Bhagavat Vasudeva.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several male torsos representing the Vrisni heroes were also found in a shrine in Mora dating to the time of Mahakshatrapa <a href="/wiki/Sodasa" title="Sodasa">Sodasa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kushan_Empire">Kushan Empire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kushan Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kushan_Empire" title="Kushan Empire">Kushan</a> emperors took control of Mathura some time after the <i><a href="/wiki/Mahakshatrapa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahakshatrapa">Mahakshatrapa</a></i> ("Great Satrap") <a href="/wiki/Sodasa" title="Sodasa">Sodasa</a> (reigned circa 15 CE), although several of his successors ruled as Kushan vassals, such as the Indo-Scythian <i>Mahakshatrapa</i> <a href="/wiki/Kharapallana" title="Kharapallana">Kharapallana</a> and the Satrap <a href="/wiki/Vanaspara" title="Vanaspara">Vanaspara</a>, both of whom paid allegiance to the Kushans, in an inscription at <a href="/wiki/Sarnath" title="Sarnath">Sarnath</a>, dating to the third year of the reign of the Kushan emperor <a href="/wiki/Kanishka" title="Kanishka">Kanishka the Great</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 130</span> CE.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Kushans made Mathura one of their capitals. (Preceding and/or concurrent capitals of the Kushans included <a href="/wiki/Kapisa_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapisa (city)">Kapisa</a> [modern Bagram, Afghanistan], <a href="/wiki/Purushapura" class="mw-redirect" title="Purushapura">Purushapura</a> [modern Peshawar, Pakistan] and <a href="/wiki/Sirsukh" title="Sirsukh">Takshasila</a> [adjoining modern Taxila, Pakistan].) </p><p>Mathuran art and culture reached its zenith during the Kushan era.<sup id="cite_ref-singh_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singh-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perhaps the most famous example was the artistic style known as the <a href="/wiki/Art_of_Mathura" title="Art of Mathura">Mathura school</a>. Mathura <a href="/wiki/Atelier" title="Atelier">ateliers</a> were most active during the epoch of the great Kushan emperors Kanishka, <a href="/wiki/Huvishka" title="Huvishka">Huvishka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vasudeva_I" title="Vasudeva I">Vasudeva</a> whose reign represents the Golden Age of Mathura <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 3rd century CE, following the decline of the Kushan Empire, the <a href="/wiki/Nagas_of_Padmavati" title="Nagas of Padmavati">Naga dynasty of Padmavati</a> took control of Mathura.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAshvini_Agrawal198954_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAshvini_Agrawal198954-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gupta_Empire">Gupta Empire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Gupta Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the reign of <a href="/wiki/Chandragupta_Vikramaditya" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandragupta Vikramaditya">Chandragupta Vikramaditya</a>, a magnificent temple of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> was built at the site of Katra Keshavadeva.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kalidasa" title="Kalidasa">Kalidasa</a>, hailed as the greatest poet and dramatist in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>, in the fourth-fifth century CE mentioned the groves of <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Govardhan" title="Govardhan">Govardhan</a> hill as: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"...the king of Mathura, whose fame was acknowledged in song even by the devatas... At that moment, though still in Mathura, it appears as if Ganga has merged with Yamuna at the Sangam... In a Vrindavan garden which is superior even to Kubera's garden, known as Chaitra-ratha... You can, as well, during rains, look at the dancing peacocks, while sitting in a pleasant cave of the Goverdhan Mountain"<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Chinese Buddhist Monk <a href="/wiki/Faxian" title="Faxian">Faxian</a> mentions the city as a centre of Buddhism about 400 CE. He found the people were very well off, there were no taxes other than for those on farmers who tilled the royal land. He found that people did not kill animals, no one consumed wine, and did not eat onion or garlic. He found that engraved title deeds were issued to land owners. Visiting priests were provided with accommodation, beds, mats, food, drinks and clothes to perform scholarly works.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (March 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Harsha_Empire">Harsha Empire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Harsha Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Xuanzang" title="Xuanzang">Xuanzang</a>, who visited the city in 634 CE, mentions it as Mot'ulo, recording that it contained twenty Buddhist monasteries and many Hindu temples.<sup id="cite_ref-rongxi103_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rongxi103-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, he went east to <a href="/wiki/Thanesar" title="Thanesar">Thanesar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jalandhar" title="Jalandhar">Jalandhar</a> in the eastern <a href="/wiki/Punjab_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab region">Punjab</a>, before climbing up to visit predominantly <a href="/wiki/Theravada" title="Theravada">Theravada</a> monasteries in the <a href="/wiki/Kulu_valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Kulu valley">Kulu valley</a> and turning southward again to <a href="/wiki/Bairat" class="mw-redirect" title="Bairat">Bairat</a> and then Mathura, on the <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamuna river">Yamuna river</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_History_and_Islamic_Invasions">Medieval History and Islamic Invasions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Medieval History and Islamic Invasions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Early_Middle_Ages">Early Middle Ages</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Early Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The famous female <a href="/wiki/Alvars" title="Alvars">Alvar</a> saint, <a href="/wiki/Andal" title="Andal">Andal</a> visualised going to a pilgrimage which began at Mathura, then proceeded to <a href="/wiki/Gokul" title="Gokul">Gokul</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a>, the pool of Kaliya, <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Govardhan" title="Govardhan">Govardhan</a>, and finished at <a href="/wiki/Dwarka" title="Dwarka">Dwarka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The eleventh century Kashmiri poet, <a href="/wiki/Bilhana" title="Bilhana">Bilhana</a> visited Mathura and <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a> after leaving Kashmir en route to Karnataka.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="High_Middle_Ages">High Middle Ages</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: High Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city was sacked and many of its temples destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_of_Ghazni" title="Mahmud of Ghazni">Mahmud of Ghazni</a> in 1018 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capture of Mathura by <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_of_Ghazni" title="Mahmud of Ghazni">Maḥmūd Ibn Sebüktegīn</a> is described by the historian al-Utbi (Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad al Jabbaru-l 'Utbi) in his work <a href="/wiki/Tarikh_Yamini" title="Tarikh Yamini">Tarikh Yamini</a> as follows: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The wall of the city was constructed of hard stone, and two gates opened upon the river flowing under the city, which were erected upon strong and lofty foundations, to protect them against the floods of the river and rains. On both sides of the city there were a thousand houses, to which idol temples were attached, all strengthened from top to bottom by rivets of iron, and all made of masonry work; and opposite to them were other buildings, supported on broad wooden pillars, to give them strength.</p></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In the middle of the city there was a temple larger and firmer than the rest, which can neither be described nor painted. The Sultan thus wrote respecting it :— " If any should wish to construct a building equal to this, he would not be able to do it without expending an hundred thousand thousand red dinars, and it would occupy two hundred years, even though the most experienced and able workmen were employed." Among the idols there were five made of red gold, each five yards high, fixed in the air without support. In the eyes of one of these idols there were two rubies, of such value, that if any one were to sell such as are like them, he would obtain fifty thousand dinars. On another, there was a sapphire purer than water, and more sparkling than crystal; the weight was four hundred and fifty miskals. The two feet of another idol weighed four thousand four hundred miskals, and the entire quantity of gold yielded by the bodies of these idols, was ninety-eight thousand three hundred miskals. The idols of silver amounted to two hundred, but they could not be weighed without breaking them to pieces and putting them into scales. The Sultan gave orders that all the temples should be burnt with naphtha and fire, and levelled with the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The temple at Katra was sacked by <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_of_Ghazni" title="Mahmud of Ghazni">Maḥmūd Ibn Sebüktegīn</a>. A temple was built to replace it in 1150 CE. The Mathura <i>prasasti</i> (Eulogistic Inscription) dated <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Samvat (V.S.)</a> 1207 (1150 CE), said to have been found in 1889 CE at the Keshava mound by <a href="/wiki/Alois_Anton_F%C3%BChrer" title="Alois Anton Führer">Anton Fuhrer</a>, German Indologist who worked with the Archaeological Survey of India, recorded the foundations of a temple dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> at the Katra site: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Jajja, who carried the burden of the varga, together with a committee of trustees (goshtijana), built a large temple of Vishnu, brilliantly white and touching the clouds.</p></blockquote> <p>Jajja was a vassal of the <a href="/wiki/Gahadavala_dynasty" title="Gahadavala dynasty">Gahadavalas</a> in charge of Mathura, and the committee mentioned in the <i>prasasti</i> could have been of an earlier <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnava</a> temple.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temple built by Jajja at Katra was destroyed by the forces of <a href="/wiki/Qutb_al-Din_Aibak" class="mw-redirect" title="Qutb al-Din Aibak">Qutubuddin Aibak</a>, though <a href="/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Tughlaq" title="Firuz Shah Tughlaq">Feroz Tughlaq</a> (r. 1351–88 CE) was also said to have attacked it.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was repaired and survived till the reign of <a href="/wiki/Sikandar_Lodi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikandar Lodi">Sikandar Lodi</a> (r. 1489–1517 CE). </p><p>In the twelfth century, Bhatta Lakshmidhara, chief minister of the <a href="/wiki/Gahadavala_dynasty" title="Gahadavala dynasty">Gahadavala</a> king <a href="/wiki/Govindachandra_(Gahadavala_dynasty)" title="Govindachandra (Gahadavala dynasty)">Govindachandra</a> (r. 1114–1155 CE), wrote the earliest surviving collection of verses in praise of the sacred sites of Mathura in his work Krtyakalpataru, which has been described as "the first re-statement of the theory of <i>Tirtha-yatra</i> (pilgrimage)".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his Krtyakalpataru, Bhatta Lakshmidhara devoted an entire section (9) to Mathura.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later on the city was sacked again by Sikandar Lodi, who ruled the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Delhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Delhi">Sultanate of Delhi</a> from 1489 to 1517 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sikandar Lodi earned the epithet of 'Butt Shikan', the 'Destroyer of Idols'. <a href="/wiki/Firishta" title="Firishta">Ferishta</a> recorded that Sikandar Lodi was a staunch Muslim, with a passion for vandalising heathen temples: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>He was firmly attached to the Mahomedan religion, and made a point of destroying all Hindu temples. In the city of Mathura he caused masjids and bazaars to be built opposite the bathing-stairs leading to the river, and ordered that no Hindus should be allowed to bathe there. He forbade the barbers to shave the beards and heads of the inhabitants, in order to prevent the Hindus following their usual practices at such pilgrimages.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In Tarikh-i Daudi, of 'Abdu-lla (written during the time of <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a>) said of Sikandar Lodi: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>He was so zealous a Musulman that he utterly destroyed divers places of worship of the infidels, and left not a vestige remaining of them. He entirely ruined the shrines of Mathura, the mine of heathenism, and turned their principal Hindu places of worship into caravanserais and colleges. Their stone images were given to the butchers to serve them as meat-weights, and all the Hindus in Mathura were strictly prohibited from shaving their heads and beards, and performing their ablutions. He thus put an end to all the idolatrous rites of the infidels there; and no Hindu, if he wished to have his head or beard shaved, could get a barber to do it. Every city thus conformed as he desired to the customs of Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabhacharya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya Mahaprabhu</a> arrived in the Braj region, in search of sacred places that had been destroyed or lost. In <i>Shrikrsnashrayah</i>, that make up the <i>Sodashagrantha</i>, <a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a> said of his age: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Malechchhas (non-Hindus in this context) have surrounded all the holy places with the result that they have become infected with evil. Besides, the holy people are full of sorrow. At such a time <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> alone is my way.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Late_Middle_Ages">Late Middle Ages</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Late Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a>, Father Antonio Monserrate (1536 CE-1600 CE), who was on a Jesuit mission at the Mughal Court during the times of <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a>, visited Mathura in 1580–82, and noted that all temples built at sites associated with the deeds of <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> were in ruins:- </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>It (Mathura) used to be a great and well populated city, with splendid buildings and a great circuit of walls. The ruins plainly indicate how imposing its buildings were. For out of these forgotten ruins are dug up columns and very ancient statues, of skilful and cunning workmanship. Only one Hindu temple is left out of many; for the Musalmans have completely destroyed all except the pyramids. Huge crowds of pilgrims come from all over India to this temple, which is situated on the high bank of the Jomanis (<a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a>)...<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmasthan_Temple_Complex" title="Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex">Keshavadeva temple</a> was rebuilt by the <a href="/wiki/Bundela" title="Bundela">Bundela</a> Rajput Rajah <a href="/wiki/Vir_Singh_Deo" title="Vir Singh Deo">Vir Singh Deo</a> at a cost of thirty-three lakh rupees when the gold was priced at around ₹ 10/- per <a href="/wiki/Tola_(unit)" title="Tola (unit)"><i>tola</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> And the grand structure of the temple in Mathura was regarded a "wonder of the age".<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal</a> <a href="/wiki/Aurangzeb" title="Aurangzeb">Emperor Aurangzeb</a>, built the Shahi-Eidgah Mosque during his rule, which is adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Shri_Krishna_Janmabhoomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi">Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi</a> believed to be over a <a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Hindu temple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also changed the city's name to Islamabad.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1669, Aurangzeb issued a general order for the demolition of Hindu schools and temples, in 1670, specifically ordered the destruction of the Keshavadeva temple. Saqi Mustaid Khan recorded: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>On Thursday, 27th January/15 Ramzan (27 January 1670)... the Emperor as the promoter of justice and overthrower of mischief, as a knower of truth and destroyer of oppression as the zephyr of the garden of victory and the reviver of the faith of the Prophet, issued orders for the demolition of the temple situated in Mathura, famous as the Dehra of Kesho Rai. In a short time by the great exertions of his officers, the destruction of this strong foundation of infidelity was accomplished and on its site a lofty mosque was built by the expenditure of a large sum... Praised be the august God of the faith of Islam, that in the auspicious reign of this destroyer of infidelity and turbulence, such a wonderful and seemingly impossible work was successfully accomplished.</p></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>On seeing this instance of the strength of the emperor's faith and the grandeur of his devotion to God, the proud Rajas were stifled, and in amazement they stood like images facing the wall. The idols, large and small, set with costly jewels, which had been set up in the temple, were brought to Agra, and buried under the step of the mosque of the Begum Shahib in order to be continuously trodden upon. The name of Mathura was changed to Islamabad.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The Muslim conquest resulted in the destruction of all <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jain</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a> temples and monuments in and around Mathura. <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, already in decline, never revived, and for the next four hundred years the <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> were unable to erect any temples that were not sooner or later demolished.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the sites that had been places of religious importance were abandoned and gradually sank beneath the earth. But some of them were not forgotten, owing to the persistence of oral tradition, the refashioning of a temple into a mosque, or the presence of humble shrines, some of which housed sculptural fragments of earlier buildings. Several of them have survived as places of significance in the modern pilgrimage circuit.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"The rebellion in Mathurá district seems to have gained ground. 'On the 14th Rajab, 1080, [28 November 1669], his Majesty left Dihlí for Akbarábád, and almost daily enjoyed the pleasures of the chase. On the 21st Rajab, whilst hunting, he received the report of a rebellion having broken out at Mauza' Rewarah, Chandarkah, and Surkhrú. Hasan 'Ali Khán was ordered to attack the rebels at night, which he did, and the firing lasted till 12 o'clock the next day. The rebels, unable longer to withstand, thinking of the honour of their families, now fought with short arms, and many imperial soldiers and companions of Hasan ’Alí were killed. Three hundred rebels were sent to perdition, and two hundred and fifty, men and women, caught. Hasan ’Alí, in the afternoon, reported personally the result of the fight, and was ordered to leave the prisoners and the cattle in charge of Sayyid Zain ul-'Abidin, the jágirdár of the place. Çaf Shikan Khán also (who after ’Abdunnabí's death had been appointed Faujdár of Mathura) waited on the emperor, and was ordered to tell off two hundred troopers to guard the fields attached to the villages, and prevent soldiers from plundering and kidnapping children. Námdár Khán, Faujdár of Murádábád, also came to pay his respects. Çafshikan Khán was removed from his office, and Hasan 'Ali Khán was appointed Faujdár of Mathura, with a command of Three Thousand and Five Hundred, 2000 troopers, and received a dress of honour, a sword, and a horse. * * * On the 18th Sha'bán [1st January, 1670), his Majesty entered Agrah. Kokilá Ját, the wicked ringleader of the rebels of District*......, who had been the cause of ’Abdunnabí's death and who had plundered Parganah Sa'dábád, was at last caught by Hasan ’Alí Khán and his zealous peshkár, Shaikh Razíuddin, and he was now sent with the Shaikh to Agrah, where by order of his Majesty he was executed. Kokila's son and daughter were given to Jawahir Khán Nazir [a eunuch]. The girl was later married to Shah Quli, the well-known Chelah; and his son, who was called Fázil, became in time so excellent a Hafiz [one who knows the Qorán by heart], that his Majesty preferred him to all others and even chaunted passages to him. Shaikh Razíuddin, who had captured Kokila, belonged to a respectable family in Bhagalpur, Bihár, and was an excellent soldier, administrator, and companion; he was at the same time so learned, that he was ordered to assist in the compilation of the Fatáwá i 'Alamgiri [the great code of Muhammadan laws]. He received a daily allowance of three rupees.'+ (Haásir i ’Alamgiri, pp. 92 to 91.) Hasan ’Alí Khán retained his office from 1080 to Sha'bán 1087 (October, 1676), when Sulțán Qulí Khán was appointed Faujdír of Mathurá.", <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic Society of Bengal">Asiatic Society of Bengal</a>, <i>Proceedings</i><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Modern_History">Early Modern History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Early Modern History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:*Bindrabun_-Vrindavan-._Gate_of_Shet_Lukhmeechund%27s_Temple;_a_photo_by_Eugene_Clutterbuck_Impey,_1860%27s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/%2ABindrabun_-Vrindavan-._Gate_of_Shet_Lukhmeechund%27s_Temple%3B_a_photo_by_Eugene_Clutterbuck_Impey%2C_1860%27s.jpg/250px-%2ABindrabun_-Vrindavan-._Gate_of_Shet_Lukhmeechund%27s_Temple%3B_a_photo_by_Eugene_Clutterbuck_Impey%2C_1860%27s.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/%2ABindrabun_-Vrindavan-._Gate_of_Shet_Lukhmeechund%27s_Temple%3B_a_photo_by_Eugene_Clutterbuck_Impey%2C_1860%27s.jpg/330px-%2ABindrabun_-Vrindavan-._Gate_of_Shet_Lukhmeechund%27s_Temple%3B_a_photo_by_Eugene_Clutterbuck_Impey%2C_1860%27s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/%2ABindrabun_-Vrindavan-._Gate_of_Shet_Lukhmeechund%27s_Temple%3B_a_photo_by_Eugene_Clutterbuck_Impey%2C_1860%27s.jpg/500px-%2ABindrabun_-Vrindavan-._Gate_of_Shet_Lukhmeechund%27s_Temple%3B_a_photo_by_Eugene_Clutterbuck_Impey%2C_1860%27s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption>Gate of Shet Lukhmeechund's Temple, a photo by Eugene Clutterbuck Impey, 1860s.</figcaption></figure> <p>According the biographer of Raja <a href="/wiki/Jai_Singh_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Jai Singh II">Jai Singh</a>, Atmaram, when Jai Singh was campaigning against the Jat Raja <a href="/wiki/Churaman" title="Churaman">Churaman Singh</a>, he bathed at Radha <i>kund</i> on the full moon of Kartik, went to Mathura in the month of Shravan in 1724, and performed the marriage of his daughter on <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami"><i>Janmashtami</i></a>. He then undertook a tour of the sacred forests of <a href="/wiki/Braj" title="Braj">Braj</a>, and, on his return to Mathura, founded religious establishments and celebrated <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pilgrimage_by_the_Family_of_Peshwa_of_Maratha_Empire">Pilgrimage by the Family of Peshwa of Maratha Empire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Pilgrimage by the Family of Peshwa of Maratha Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the period of the expansion of <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Confederacy" title="Maratha Confederacy">Maratha Empire</a>, pilgrimage to the holy places in the north became quite frequent. <a href="/wiki/Pilgrim" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilgrim">Pilgrims</a> required protection on the way and took advantage of the constant movement of troops that journeyed to and back from their homeland for military purposes. That is how the practice arose of ladies accompanying military expeditions. The mother of <a href="/wiki/Peshwa" title="Peshwa">Peshwa</a> <a href="/wiki/Balaji_Baji_Rao" title="Balaji Baji Rao">Balaji Baji Rao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kashibai" title="Kashibai">Kashitai</a> performed her famous pilgrimage for four years in the north, visiting Mathura, <a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ayodhya" title="Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Banaras</a>, and other holy places.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_heritage">Religious heritage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Religious heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mathura_India_(2).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mathura_India_%282%29.JPG/250px-Mathura_India_%282%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mathura_India_%282%29.JPG/330px-Mathura_India_%282%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Mathura_India_%282%29.JPG/500px-Mathura_India_%282%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to the <a href="/wiki/Shri_Krishna_Janmabhoomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi">Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi</a> temple complex.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mathura is a holy city in Hinduism and is considered the heart of <a href="/wiki/Brij_Bhoomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Brij Bhoomi">Brij Bhoomi</a>, the land of Krishna.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lucia_Michelutti00_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lucia_Michelutti00-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The twin-city to Mathura is <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>. </p><p>There are many places of historic and religious importance in Mathura and its neighbouring towns.<sup id="cite_ref-holycity_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holycity-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmasthan_Temple_Complex" title="Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex">Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex</a> is an important group of temples built around what is considered to be the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Avatar_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avatar-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vemsani_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vemsani-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temple complex contains Keshav Deva temple, Garbha Griha shrine, Bhagavata Bhavan and the Rangabhoomi where the final battle between Krishna and <a href="/wiki/Kans" class="mw-redirect" title="Kans">Kamsa</a> took place.<sup id="cite_ref-Janm_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janm-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Prasad_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prasad-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Britishlibrary_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britishlibrary-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Avatar_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avatar-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Dwarkadheesh_temple_Mathura" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwarkadheesh temple Mathura">Dwarkadheesh Temple</a> is one of the largest temples in Mathura.<sup id="cite_ref-Prasad_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prasad-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vishram_Ghat" title="Vishram Ghat">Vishram Ghat</a> at the bank of river Yamuna is said to be the place were Krishna had rested after killing <a href="/wiki/Kans" class="mw-redirect" title="Kans">Kamsa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Prasad_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prasad-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other notable Hindu religious sites and heritage locations includes the Gita Mandir,<sup id="cite_ref-Mathura1_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mathura1-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Govind Dev temple,<sup id="cite_ref-Mathura1_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mathura1-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/ISKCON" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON">ISKCON</a> temple,<sup id="cite_ref-Prasad_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prasad-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kusum_Sarovar" title="Kusum Sarovar">Kusum Sarovar</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Mathura1_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mathura1-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Naam_yog_Sadhna_Mandir" title="Naam yog Sadhna Mandir">Naam yog Sadhna Mandir</a>, Peepleshwar Mahadeo Temple<sup id="cite_ref-MathuraTT_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MathuraTT-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Yum Yamuna Temple<sup id="cite_ref-MathuraTT_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MathuraTT-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kankali_Tila" title="Kankali Tila">Kankali Tila</a> brought forth many treasures of Jain art. The archaeological findings testify the existence of two Jain temples and stupas. Numerous Jain sculptures, <a href="/wiki/Ayagapata" title="Ayagapata">Ayagapatas</a> (tablet of homage),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDas1980171_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDas1980171-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pillars, crossbeams and lintels were found during archaeological excavations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVyas199516_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVyas199516-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the sculptures are provided with inscriptions that report on the contemporary society and organisation of the Jain community. </p><p>Most sculptures could be dated from the second century BC to the 12th century CE, thus representing a continuous period of about 14 centuries during which <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> flourished at Mathura.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVyas199516_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVyas199516-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These sculptures are now housed in the Lucknow State Museum and in the Mathura Museum. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mathura_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura Museum">Mathura Museum</a> is notable for archaeological artefacts, especially those from the <a href="/wiki/Kushan_Empire" title="Kushan Empire">Kushan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta</a> empires. It has sculptures associated with Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.<sup id="cite_ref-Britishlibrary_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britishlibrary-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Festivals">Festivals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Krishna Janmashtami</a></div> <p>Krishna Janmashtami is grandly celebrated every year in Mathura. Every year 3 to 3.5 million devotees celebrate Janmashtami in Mathura, with the maximum number of devotees visiting the Keshav Deva temple and the Dwarkadheesh temple.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Devotees generally observe a fast and break it at midnight when Krishna was believed to have been born. Devotional songs, dance performances, <a href="/wiki/Bhog" title="Bhog">bhog</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aarti" class="mw-redirect" title="Aarti">aartis</a> are observed across Mathura-Vrindavan.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culinary_tradition">Culinary tradition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Culinary tradition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mathura along with the twin city of <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>, (both of which are associated with Shri Krishna) are main centers of <a href="/wiki/Braj_Cuisine" title="Braj Cuisine">Braj Cuisine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mathura is known for its <a href="/wiki/Mathura_peda" title="Mathura peda">Mathura Peda</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mathura Lassi, Mathura Heeng <a href="/wiki/Kachori" title="Kachori">Kachori</a>, Mathura <a href="/wiki/Chaat" title="Chaat">Chaat</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moong Dal Cheela, Bedmi <a href="/wiki/Puri_(food)" title="Puri (food)">puri</a> and Dubki Aloo Jhol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mathura is located at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818" /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mathura&params=27.28_N_77.41_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°17′N</span> <span class="longitude">77°25′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.28°N 77.41°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">27.28; 77.41</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has an average elevation of 174 metres (570 <a href="/wiki/Foot_(length)" class="mw-redirect" title="Foot (length)">feet</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mathura has a <a href="/wiki/Hot_semi-arid_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot semi-arid climate">hot semi-arid climate</a> (<i>BSh</i>) under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Mathura (1981–2010, extremes 1974–1995) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6<br />(85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.1<br />(93.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.1<br />(104.2) </td> <td style="background: #CD0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.1<br />(113.2) </td> <td style="background: #B10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.1<br />(116.8) </td> <td style="background: #AA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.6<br />(117.7) </td> <td style="background: #D40000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.6<br />(112.3) </td> <td style="background: #EE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.7<br />(108.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.6<br />(105.1) </td> <td style="background: #F60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.1<br />(107.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.1<br />(95.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #AA0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47.6<br />(117.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.6<br />(97.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.2<br />(106.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.2<br />(106.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.6<br />(94.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(93.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.3<br />(73.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.1<br />(89.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #EFFFEF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(0.41) </td> <td style="background: #E8FFE8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6<br />(0.54) </td> <td style="background: #F4FFF4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(0.27) </td> <td style="background: #EFFFEF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(0.40) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(0.70) </td> <td style="background: #C8FFC8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.5<br />(1.40) </td> <td style="background: #09FF09; color:#000000;" class="notheme">164.7<br />(6.48) </td> <td style="background: #00CC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205.2<br />(8.08) </td> <td style="background: #5DFF5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">105.0<br />(4.13) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0<br />(0.71) </td> <td style="background: #F8FFF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(0.15) </td> <td style="background: #F1FFF1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(0.35) </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">600.1<br />(23.63) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9 </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">33.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(at 17:30 <a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39 </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">58 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/India_Meteorological_Department" title="India Meteorological Department">India Meteorological Department</a><sup id="cite_ref-IMDnormals_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMDnormals-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IMDextremes_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMDextremes-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#Fcd116"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religions in Mathura City (2011)</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">Religion</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">Percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkOrange; width:81.54%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">81.54%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Green; width:17.22%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">17.22%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others†</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:black; width:1.24%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.24%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2011_census_of_India" title="2011 census of India">2011 census of India</a> estimates the population of Mathura to be 441,894, with a decadal growth rate of 22.53 per cent. Males account for 54% (268,445) and females for 46% (173,449) of this population. Sex ratio of Mathura is 858 females per 1000 males, which has increased from 840 (2001). However, national sex ratio is 940. Population density in 2011 has increased from 621 per km<sup>2</sup> in 2001 to 761 per km<sup>2</sup>. Mathura has an average literacy rate of 72.65 per cent which has increased from 61.46 per cent (2001) but still lower than the national average of 74.04 per cent. Male and female literacy rate are 84.39 and 58.93 per cent respectively. 15.61 per cent of Mathura's population is under 6 years of age. This figure was 19.56 per cent in 2001 census.<sup id="cite_ref-census2011_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the 2011 census on Mathura NPP, 95.4% of the people identified as <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> speakers, 2.6% as <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> speakers and 1.4% as speakers of <a href="/wiki/Braj_Bhasha" title="Braj Bhasha">Braj Bhasha</a><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (the local dialect).<sup id="cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LuciaMichelutti1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city also lies within the cultural region of <a href="/wiki/Braj" title="Braj">Braj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LuciaMichelutti1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Actress turned political leader, <a href="/wiki/Hema_Malini" title="Hema Malini">Hema Malini</a> is the sitting MP of holy constituency Mathura in Uttar Pradesh.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTJ_-_Mathura_Junction_Railway_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/MTJ_-_Mathura_Junction_Railway_Station.jpg/250px-MTJ_-_Mathura_Junction_Railway_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/MTJ_-_Mathura_Junction_Railway_Station.jpg/330px-MTJ_-_Mathura_Junction_Railway_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/MTJ_-_Mathura_Junction_Railway_Station.jpg/500px-MTJ_-_Mathura_Junction_Railway_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2851" data-file-height="1900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mathura_Junction_railway_station" title="Mathura Junction railway station">Mathura Junction railway station</a> lies on the Delhi-Mumbai rail route.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Mathura_Junction_railway_station" title="Mathura Junction railway station">Mathura Junction railway station</a> is situated on the major Delhi-Mumbai rail route. Both Central Railway and Western Railway routes pass through Mathura. Trains from NCR (north-central railway) to ER (eastern railway) also pass through the Mathura junction. <a href="/wiki/Mathura_Cantt_railway_station" title="Mathura Cantt railway station">Mathura Cantt railway station</a> is a major route for eastern and central railway. </p><p>Important trains that originate/terminate at Mathura are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Chambal Express">12177/Howrah – Mathura Chambal Express</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mathura is well-connected by road to the rest of India. <a href="/wiki/National_highways_of_India" title="National highways of India">National Highway</a> NH-19(previously <a href="/wiki/National_Highway_2_(India)" title="National Highway 2 (India)">NH-2</a>) from Delhi to Kolkata, with diversion for Chennai also passes through Mathura. <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Expressway" title="Yamuna Expressway">Yamuna Expressway</a> from Greater-Noida to Agra (165 km 6 lane access controlled express highway) also passes through, providing good connectivity to Noida, Agra, Kanpur and Lucknow. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tram">Tram</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Tram"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">tram</a> network has been proposed in the city, which would make Mathura the second only city in India (besides <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>) to have a functional tram transport. In 2017, the local MLA <a href="/wiki/Shrikant_Sharma" title="Shrikant Sharma">Shrikant Sharma</a> announced that the trams will be operational in Mathura and <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a> by 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently the city has no airport. The nearest airports are the <a href="/wiki/Agra_Airport" title="Agra Airport">Agra Airport</a> (about 60 km away) and the <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_International_Airport" title="Indira Gandhi International Airport">Delhi Airport</a> (about 160 km away) with major national and international air routes. The under-construction <a href="/wiki/Jewar_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewar Airport">Jewar Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Noida" title="Greater Noida">Greater Noida</a> is approximately 75 km from Mathura and is expected to be country's largest airport when fully operational. Land has been earmarked, and construction is in progress near the <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Expressway" title="Yamuna Expressway">Yamuna Expressway</a>, with plans to open in the next five years with regular flights to major national and international air routes in future.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the then civil aviation minister <a href="/wiki/Ajit_Singh_(politician,_born_1939)" title="Ajit Singh (politician, born 1939)">Ajit Singh</a> suggested Mathura's name for the site of a new greenfield international airport to the then chief minister of <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akhilesh_Yadav" title="Akhilesh Yadav">Akhilesh Yadav</a>. Mathura's name came to note when a group of ministers terminated the plan of building <a href="/wiki/Taj_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Taj International Airport">Taj International Airport</a> at Agra.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Strategic_importance">Strategic importance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Strategic importance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/I_Corps_(India)" title="I Corps (India)">I Corps</a> (Strike Formation)<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> within the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Indian Army</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Central_Command_(India)" title="Central Command (India)">Central Command</a> is based in Mathura, hosting Strike I Corps headquarters in a large classified area in the outskirts of the city known as Mathura Cantonment (Central Command is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a>). It hosts Strike Infantry units, air defence units, armoured divisions, engineer brigades, artillery Units, and classified units of <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Forces_Command" title="Strategic Forces Command">Strategic Forces Command</a>. The I Corps is primarily responsible for the western borders of India. In 2007 during Exercise Ashwamedha, all the armoured, artillery, and infantry divisions performed a simulation of an overall NBC (nuclear-chemical-biological) environment. The aim was to show operational ability in high intensity, short duration and 'sudden' battle<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Industries">Industries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Industries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mathura_Refinery" title="Mathura Refinery">Mathura Refinery</a> located in the city is one of the biggest oil refineries of Asia with a refining capacity of 8.0 million <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonnes</a> per year.<sup id="cite_ref-Iocl.com_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iocl.com-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This oil refinery of <a href="/wiki/Indian_Oil_Corporation" title="Indian Oil Corporation">Indian Oil Corporation</a> Ltd. is a technologically advanced oil refinery and provides local employment opportunities as well. Its main focus is to meet the demands from the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)" title="National Capital Region (India)">NCR</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Iocl.com_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iocl.com-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The refinery had undertaken projects to upgrade its diesel and gasoline units to bring Sulphur levels down by nearly 80 per cent<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_and_communications">Media and communications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Media and communications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city has a local station of the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Radio" title="All India Radio">All India Radio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Educational_institutions">Educational institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Educational institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GLA_University" title="GLA University">GLA University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachdeva_Institute_of_Technology" title="Sachdeva Institute of Technology">Sachdeva Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanskriti_University" title="Sanskriti University">Sanskriti University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.P._Pt._Deen_Dayal_Upadhyaya_Veterinary_Science_University_and_Cattle_Research_Institute" title="U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University and Cattle Research Institute">U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University and Cattle Research Institute</a><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mathur_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Mathur (disambiguation)">Mathur (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brij_Bhoomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Brij Bhoomi">Brij Bhoomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokul" title="Gokul">Gokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kankali_Tila" title="Kankali Tila">Kankali Tila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandgaon,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Nandgaon, Uttar Pradesh">Nandgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goverdhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Goverdhan">Goverdhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunkh" title="Saunkh">Sonkh</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nclm.nic.in&rft.atitle=52nd+Report+of+the+Commissioner+for+Linguistic+Minorities+in+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnclm.nic.in%2Fshared%2Flinkimages%2FNCLM52ndReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LuciaMichelutti1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LuciaMichelutti1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLucia_Michelutti2002" class="citation web cs1">Lucia Michelutti (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2106/1/U613338.pdf">"Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>PhD Thesis Social Anthropology</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PhD+Thesis+Social+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Sons+of+Krishna%3A+the+politics+of+Yadav+community+formation+in+a+North+Indian+town&rft.pages=49&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Lucia+Michelutti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetheses.lse.ac.uk%2F2106%2F1%2FU613338.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prasad-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Prasad_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prasad_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prasad_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prasad_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prasad_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrasad2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dev_Prasad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dev Prasad (page does not exist)">Prasad, Dev</a> (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o0_5caqiUH0C&pg=PT22"><i>Krishna: A Journey through the Lands & Legends of Krishna</i></a>. Jaico Publishing House. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8495-170-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8495-170-7"><bdi>978-81-8495-170-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Krishna%3A+A+Journey+through+the+Lands+%26+Legends+of+Krishna&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Jaico+Publishing+House&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-81-8495-170-7&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=Dev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do0_5caqiUH0C%26pg%3DPT22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-holycity-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-holycity_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-holycity_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/mathura-gets-five-more-teerth-sthals/articleshow/63434923.cms">"Mathura: Mathura gets five more 'teerth sthals'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 24 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Mathura%3A+Mathura+gets+five+more+%27teerth+sthals%27&rft.date=2018-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fagra%2Fmathura-gets-five-more-teerth-sthals%2Farticleshow%2F63434923.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrasad1977" class="citation book cs1">Prasad, Prakash Charan (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RSW8az3Q_dEC"><i>Foreign Trade and Commerce in Ancient India</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-053-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-053-2"><bdi>978-81-7017-053-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foreign+Trade+and+Commerce+in+Ancient+India&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-053-2&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=Prakash+Charan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRSW8az3Q_dEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFInstitute1917" class="citation book cs1">Institute, Bhandarkar Oriental Research (1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q-ksAQAAMAAJ"><i>Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona</i></a>. The Institute.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Annals+of+the+Bhandarkar+Oriental+Research+Institute%2C+Poona&rft.pub=The+Institute&rft.date=1917&rft.aulast=Institute&rft.aufirst=Bhandarkar+Oriental+Research&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ-ksAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britishlibrary-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Britishlibrary_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britishlibrary_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britishlibrary_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFrederic_Salmon_Growse1874" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Salmon_Growse" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederic Salmon Growse">Frederic Salmon Growse</a> (1874). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mathurdistrictme00grow/page/n3"><i>Mathura: A District Memoir</i></a>. Government Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mathura%3A+A+District+Memoir&rft.pub=Government+Press&rft.date=1874&rft.au=Frederic+Salmon+Growse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmathurdistrictme00grow%2Fpage%2Fn3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-p1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-p1_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pargiter, F.E. (1972). <i>Ancient Indian Historical Tradition</i>, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.170.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeenakshi_Jain2019" class="citation book cs1">Meenakshi Jain (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lAQNxQEACAAJ"><i>Flight of Deities and Rebirth of Temples: Episodes from Indian History</i></a>. Aryan Books International. p. 66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8173056192" title="Special:BookSources/978-8173056192"><bdi>978-8173056192</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flight+of+Deities+and+Rebirth+of+Temples%3A+Episodes+from+Indian+History&rft.pages=66&rft.pub=Aryan+Books+International&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-8173056192&rft.au=Meenakshi+Jain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlAQNxQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathura.nic.in/history/">"History | District Mathura, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Pearson Education India. pp. 281, 336. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1120-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1120-0"><bdi>978-81-317-1120-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ancient+and+Early+Medieval+India%3A+From+the+Stone+Age+to+the+12th+Century&rft.pages=281%2C+336&rft.pub=Pearson+Education+India&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-81-317-1120-0&rft.au=Upinder+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH3lUIIYxWkEC%26pg%3DPA281&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFS.gautamLawGarge" class="citation journal cs1">S.gautam, Mantabya; Law, Randall; Garge, Tejas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/10827842">"Initial Geologic Provenience Studies of Stone and Metal Artefacts from Rakhigarhi"</a>. <i>Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Multidisciplinary+Studies+in+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Initial+Geologic+Provenience+Studies+of+Stone+and+Metal+Artefacts+from+Rakhigarhi&rft.aulast=S.gautam&rft.aufirst=Mantabya&rft.au=Law%2C+Randall&rft.au=Garge%2C+Tejas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F10827842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ImpGazetteer-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ImpGazetteer_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/toc.html?volume=18">"Imperial Gazetteer of India. v. 18"</a>. <i>Digital South Asia Library</i>. 1908. pp. <span class="nowrap">63–</span>74.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+South+Asia+Library&rft.atitle=Imperial+Gazetteer+of+India.+v.+18.&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E63-%3C%2Fspan%3E74&rft.date=1908&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdsal.uchicago.edu%2Freference%2Fgazetteer%2Ftoc.html%3Fvolume%3D18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Megasthenes, fragment 23 "The Surasenians, an Indian tribe, with two great cities, Methora and Clisobora; the navigable river <a href="/wiki/Iomanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Iomanes">Iomanes</a> flows through their territory" quoted in <a href="/wiki/Arrian" title="Arrian">Arrian</a> Indica 8.5. Also "The river Jomanes (<a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a>) flows through the Palibothri into the Ganges between the towns Methora and Carisobora." in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mssu.edu/projectsouthasia/history/primarydocs/Foreign_Views/GreekRoman/Megasthenes-Indika.htm">FRAGM. LVI. Plin. Hist. Nat. VI. 21. 8–23. 11.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210080315/http://www.mssu.edu/projectsouthasia/history/primarydocs/Foreign_Views/GreekRoman/Megasthenes-Indika.htm">Archived</a> 10 December 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rhie-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rhie_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rhie_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rhie_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rhie_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE – 100 CE, Sonya Rhie Quintanilla, BRILL, 2007, p.8-10 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=X7Cb8IkZVSMC&pg=PA8">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BotAI-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BotAI_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RuhtAAAAMAAJ"><i>Bulletin of the Asia Institute</i></a>. Wayne State University Press. 2002. p. 70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulletin+of+the+Asia+Institute&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRuhtAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFB._N._Mukherjee2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/B._N._Mukherjee" title="B. N. Mukherjee">B. N. Mukherjee</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6VBuAAAAMAAJ"><i>Kushāṇa studies: new perspectives</i></a>. Firma KLM. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7102-109-3" title="Special:BookSources/81-7102-109-3"><bdi>81-7102-109-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kush%C4%81%E1%B9%87a+studies%3A+new+perspectives&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Firma+KLM&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=81-7102-109-3&rft.au=B.+N.+Mukherjee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6VBuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOsmund_BopearachchiWilfried_Pieper1998" class="citation book cs1">Osmund Bopearachchi; Wilfried Pieper (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6UVmAAAAMAAJ"><i>Ancient Indian coins</i></a>. Brepols. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-503-50730-1" title="Special:BookSources/2-503-50730-1"><bdi>2-503-50730-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Indian+coins&rft.pub=Brepols&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=2-503-50730-1&rft.au=Osmund+Bopearachchi&rft.au=Wilfried+Pieper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6UVmAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeenakshi_Jain2019" class="citation book cs1">Meenakshi Jain (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lAQNxQEACAAJ"><i>Flight of Deities and Rebirth of Temples: Episodes from Indian History</i></a>. Aryan Books International. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8173056192" title="Special:BookSources/978-8173056192"><bdi>978-8173056192</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flight+of+Deities+and+Rebirth+of+Temples%3A+Episodes+from+Indian+History&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Aryan+Books+International&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-8173056192&rft.au=Meenakshi+Jain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlAQNxQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJitendra_Nath_Banerjea1968" class="citation book cs1">Jitendra Nath Banerjea (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uVKGvgAACAAJ"><i>Religion in Art and Archaeology: Vaishnavism and Saivism</i></a>. University of Lucknow. pp. <span class="nowrap">12–</span>13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+in+Art+and+Archaeology%3A+Vaishnavism+and+Saivism&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E12-%3C%2Fspan%3E13&rft.pub=University+of+Lucknow&rft.date=1968&rft.au=Jitendra+Nath+Banerjea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuVKGvgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSonya_Rhie_Quintanilla2007" class="citation book cs1">Sonya Rhie Quintanilla (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rtqvCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA261"><i>History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE – 100 CE</i></a>. BRILL. pp. <span class="nowrap">260–</span>261. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004155374" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004155374"><bdi>978-9004155374</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Early+Stone+Sculpture+at+Mathura%3A+Ca.+150+BCE+%E2%80%93+100+CE&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E260-%3C%2Fspan%3E261&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-9004155374&rft.au=Sonya+Rhie+Quintanilla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrtqvCQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA261&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarihar_Panda2007" class="citation book cs1">Harihar Panda (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f1XMtc2Q97IC&pg=PA80"><i>Prof. H.C. Raychaudhuri, as a Historian</i></a>. Northern Book Centre. p. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8172112103" title="Special:BookSources/978-8172112103"><bdi>978-8172112103</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prof.+H.C.+Raychaudhuri%2C+as+a+Historian&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Northern+Book+Centre&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-8172112103&rft.au=Harihar+Panda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df1XMtc2Q97IC%26pg%3DPA80&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum. Andhras etc...</i>. Rapson, p. ciii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-singh-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-singh_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSingh2008" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Upinder (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq2iCwAAQBAJ&q=purushapura&pg=PA377"><i>A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century</i></a>. Pearson Education India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788131716779" title="Special:BookSources/9788131716779"><bdi>9788131716779</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ancient+and+Early+Medieval+India%3A+From+the+Stone+Age+to+the+12th+Century&rft.pub=Pearson+Education+India&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9788131716779&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Upinder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPq2iCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dpurushapura%26pg%3DPA377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVasudeva_S._Agrawala1965" class="citation book cs1">Vasudeva S. Agrawala (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.42876/page/n5/mode/2up"><i>Masterpieces of Mathura Sculpture</i></a>. Prithivi Prakashan, Varanasi. p. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Masterpieces+of+Mathura+Sculpture&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Prithivi+Prakashan%2C+Varanasi&rft.date=1965&rft.au=Vasudeva+S.+Agrawala&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.gov.ignca.42876%2Fpage%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAshvini_Agrawal198954-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAshvini_Agrawal198954_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAshvini_Agrawal1989">Ashvini Agrawal 1989</a>, p. 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRajendra_Tandon2010" class="citation book cs1">Rajendra Tandon (2010). <i>Kalidasa: Raghuvamsham</i>. Rupa Publication. pp. <span class="nowrap">45–</span>51. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8129115867" title="Special:BookSources/978-8129115867"><bdi>978-8129115867</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kalidasa%3A+Raghuvamsham&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E51&rft.pub=Rupa+Publication&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-8129115867&rft.au=Rajendra+Tandon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBeal1884" class="citation book cs1">Beal, Samuel (1884). <i>Si-Yu-Ki: Buddhist Records of the Western World (translated from chinese)</i>. London: Truebner & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Si-Yu-Ki%3A+Buddhist+Records+of+the+Western+World+%28translated+from+chinese%29&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Truebner+%26+Co&rft.date=1884&rft.aulast=Beal&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rongxi103-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rongxi103_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Li Rongxi (1996), <i>The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions</i>, Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai and Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, Berkeley, pp. 103–108</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Muttra"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Muttra">"Muttra" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">101–</span>102.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Muttra&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E101-%3C%2Fspan%3E102&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span> (Mathura)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYuleDouglas1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Yule, Henry; Douglas, Robert Kennaway (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Hsüan Tsang"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hs%C3%BCan_Tsang">"Hsüan Tsang" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 844.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hs%C3%BCan+Tsang&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=844&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Yule&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.au=Douglas%2C+Robert+Kennaway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFriedhelm_Hardy2001" class="citation book cs1">Friedhelm Hardy (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=spZdOwAACAAJ"><i>Viraha-bhakti: The Early History of Kṛṣṇa Devotion in South India</i></a>. Oxford University Press, Varanasi. p. 424. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195649161" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195649161"><bdi>978-0195649161</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Viraha-bhakti%3A+The+Early+History+of+K%E1%B9%9B%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%87a+Devotion+in+South+India&rft.pages=424&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+Varanasi&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0195649161&rft.au=Friedhelm+Hardy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DspZdOwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF(trans.)_Georg_Bühler1875" class="citation book cs1">(trans.) Georg Bühler (1875). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/vikramnkadevacha00bilh/page/18/mode/2up"><i>The Vikramânkadevacharita, a life of King Vikramâditya – Tribhuvanamalla of Kalyâna by Bilhana</i></a>. Bombay, Government central book depôt. p. 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vikram%C3%A2nkadevacharita%2C+a+life+of+King+Vikram%C3%A2ditya+%E2%80%93+Tribhuvanamalla+of+Kaly%C3%A2na+by+Bilhana&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Bombay%2C+Government+central+book+dep%C3%B4t&rft.date=1875&rft.au=%28trans.%29+Georg+B%C3%BChler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvikramnkadevacha00bilh%2Fpage%2F18%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSir_Henry_Miers_Elliot_&_John_Dowson1867" class="citation book cs1">Sir Henry Miers Elliot & John Dowson (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofindiaas02elli/page/n61/mode/2up"><i>The History of India, as told by its own Historians Volume 2</i></a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">44–</span>45.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+India%2C+as+told+by+its+own+Historians+Volume+2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E44-%3C%2Fspan%3E45&rft.date=1867&rft.au=Sir+Henry+Miers+Elliot+%26+John+Dowson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofindiaas02elli%2Fpage%2Fn61%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeenakshi_Jain2019" class="citation book cs1">Meenakshi Jain (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lAQNxQEACAAJ"><i>Flight of Deities and Rebirth of Temples: Episodes from Indian History</i></a>. Aryan Books International. p. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8173056192" title="Special:BookSources/978-8173056192"><bdi>978-8173056192</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flight+of+Deities+and+Rebirth+of+Temples%3A+Episodes+from+Indian+History&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Aryan+Books+International&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-8173056192&rft.au=Meenakshi+Jain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlAQNxQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeenakshi_Jain2019" class="citation book cs1">Meenakshi Jain (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lAQNxQEACAAJ"><i>Flight of Deities and Rebirth of Temples: Episodes from Indian History</i></a>. Aryan Books International. p. 68. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8173056192" title="Special:BookSources/978-8173056192"><bdi>978-8173056192</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flight+of+Deities+and+Rebirth+of+Temples%3A+Episodes+from+Indian+History&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=Aryan+Books+International&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-8173056192&rft.au=Meenakshi+Jain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlAQNxQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFK.V._Rangaswami_Aiyangar1942" class="citation book cs1">K.V. Rangaswami Aiyangar (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.11502/page/n89/mode/2up"><i>Krtyakalpataru of Bhatta Lakshmidhara, Vol.8</i></a>. Oriental Institute, Baroda. p. lxxxvii–lxxxviii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Krtyakalpataru+of+Bhatta+Lakshmidhara%2C+Vol.8&rft.pages=lxxxvii-lxxxviii&rft.pub=Oriental+Institute%2C+Baroda&rft.date=1942&rft.au=K.V.+Rangaswami+Aiyangar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdli.ernet.11502%2Fpage%2Fn89%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFK.V._Rangaswami_Aiyangar1942" class="citation book cs1">K.V. Rangaswami Aiyangar (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.11502/page/n279/mode/2up"><i>Krtyakalpataru of Bhatta Lakshmidhara, Vol.8</i></a>. Oriental Institute, Baroda. p. १८६-१९४ (186–194).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Krtyakalpataru+of+Bhatta+Lakshmidhara%2C+Vol.8&rft.pages=%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%AC-%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AA+%28186-194%29&rft.pub=Oriental+Institute%2C+Baroda&rft.date=1942&rft.au=K.V.+Rangaswami+Aiyangar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdli.ernet.11502%2Fpage%2Fn279%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D03601021%26ct%3D94">Sultan Sikandar Lodi</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113007/http://persian.packhum.org/persian/main?url=pf%3Ffile%3D03601021%26ct%3D94">Archived</a> 4 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The Muntakhabu-'rūkh</i> by <a href="/wiki/Al-Badauni" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Badauni">Al-Badāoni</a> (16th-century historian), <a href="/wiki/Packard_Humanities_Institute" title="Packard Humanities Institute">Packard Humanities Institute</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V02_404.gif">Lodi Kings: Chart</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Imperial_Gazetteer_of_India" title="The Imperial Gazetteer of India">The Imperial Gazetteer of India</a>, 1909, v. 2, <i>p. 369.</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Briggs1908" class="citation book cs1">John Briggs (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofriseofm01feri_0/page/586/mode/2up"><i>History of the rise of the Mahomedan power in India till the year A.D. 1612 Volume 1</i></a>. p. 586.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+rise+of+the+Mahomedan+power+in+India+till+the+year+A.D.+1612+Volume+1&rft.pages=586&rft.date=1908&rft.au=John+Briggs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofriseofm01feri_0%2Fpage%2F586%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSir_H.M._Elliot_&_John_Dowson1873" class="citation book cs1">Sir H.M. Elliot & John Dowson (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.5329/page/n453/mode/2up"><i>History of India, as told by its own Historians: the Muhammadan period Vol.4</i></a>. p. 447.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+India%2C+as+told+by+its+own+Historians%3A+the+Muhammadan+period+Vol.4&rft.pages=447&rft.date=1873&rft.au=Sir+H.M.+Elliot+%26+John+Dowson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdli.csl.5329%2Fpage%2Fn453%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Barz1992" class="citation book cs1">Richard Barz (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bhaktisectofvallabhacaryarichardbarzmrmlms_202003_574_W/page/n23/mode/2up"><i>Bhakti Sect Of Vallabhacarya</i></a>. Motilal UK Books of India. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8121505765" title="Special:BookSources/978-8121505765"><bdi>978-8121505765</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bhakti+Sect+Of+Vallabhacarya&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Motilal+UK+Books+of+India&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-8121505765&rft.au=Richard+Barz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbhaktisectofvallabhacaryarichardbarzmrmlms_202003_574_W%2Fpage%2Fn23%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJ._S._Hoyland_(trans.),_S._N._Banerjee_(annotator)1922" class="citation book cs1">J. S. Hoyland (trans.), S. N. Banerjee (annotator) (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/commentaryoffath00mons/page/92/mode/2up"><i>Commentary of Father Monserrate</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 93.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Commentary+of+Father+Monserrate&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1922&rft.au=J.+S.+Hoyland+%28trans.%29%2C+S.+N.+Banerjee+%28annotator%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcommentaryoffath00mons%2Fpage%2F92%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sdbullion.com/gold-price-history">"Historical Gold Prices"</a>. <i>sdbullion.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521267281" title="Special:BookSources/9780521267281"><bdi>9780521267281</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architecture+of+Mughal+India&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1992-09-24&rft.isbn=9780521267281&rft.aulast=Asher&rft.aufirst=Catherine+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3ctLNvx68hIC%26q%3Dakbar%2527s%2Btomb%2Bdesecrated%2Bby%2Bjats%26pg%3DPA108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFisher2018" class="citation book cs1">Fisher, Michael H. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kZVuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA109"><i>An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-11162-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-11162-2"><bdi>978-1-107-11162-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Environmental+History+of+India%3A+From+Earliest+Times+to+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-107-11162-2&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Michael+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkZVuDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJadunath_Sarkar1947" class="citation book cs1">Jadunath Sarkar (1947). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ahistoryofemporeraurangzebalamgirmaasirialamgirijadunathsarkar_64_c/page/n67/mode/2up"><i>Maasir-i-Alamgiri, A History Of Emperor Aurangzeb by Saqi Mustaid Khan</i></a>. p. 60.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maasir-i-Alamgiri%2C+A+History+Of+Emperor+Aurangzeb+by+Saqi+Mustaid+Khan&rft.pages=60&rft.date=1947&rft.au=Jadunath+Sarkar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fahistoryofemporeraurangzebalamgirmaasirialamgirijadunathsarkar_64_c%2Fpage%2Fn67%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFA._W._Entwistle1987" class="citation book cs1">A. 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Egbert Forsten Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">122–</span>124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9069800165" title="Special:BookSources/978-9069800165"><bdi>978-9069800165</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Braj%3A+Centre+of+Krishna+Pilgrimage&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E122-%3C%2Fspan%3E124&rft.pub=Egbert+Forsten+Publishing&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-9069800165&rft.au=A.+W.+Entwistle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.soas.ac.uk%2Fcontent%2FAA%2F00%2F00%2F03%2F01%2F00001%2FPDF_TXT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAsiatic_Society_of_Bengal1873" class="citation book cs1">Asiatic Society of Bengal (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lX8bAQAAIAAJ&q=jawahir+ali+eunuch&pg=PA14"><i>Proceedings</i></a>. 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Manohar Publishing. p. 228. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8173046971" title="Special:BookSources/978-8173046971"><bdi>978-8173046971</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Jaipur+City&rft.pages=228&rft.pub=Manohar+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-8173046971&rft.au=Ashim+Kumar+Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drgmyf513vPcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGovind_Sakharam_Sardesai1946" class="citation book cs1">Govind Sakharam Sardesai (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.1545/page/n265/mode/2up"><i>New History of the Marathas, Vol. 2</i></a>. Phoenix Publication. p. 243.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+History+of+the+Marathas%2C+Vol.+2&rft.pages=243&rft.pub=Phoenix+Publication&rft.date=1946&rft.au=Govind+Sakharam+Sardesai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.gov.ignca.1545%2Fpage%2Fn265%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrasad2015" class="citation book cs1">Prasad, Dev (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o0_5caqiUH0C&pg=PT16"><i>Krishna: A Journey through the Lands & Legends of Krishna</i></a>. Jaico Publishing House. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8495-170-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8495-170-7"><bdi>978-81-8495-170-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Krishna%3A+A+Journey+through+the+Lands+%26+Legends+of+Krishna&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Jaico+Publishing+House&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-81-8495-170-7&rft.aulast=Prasad&rft.aufirst=Dev&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do0_5caqiUH0C%26pg%3DPT16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lucia_Michelutti00-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lucia_Michelutti00_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLucia_Michelutti2002" class="citation web cs1">Lucia Michelutti (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2106/1/U613338.pdf">"Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>PhD Thesis Social Anthropology</i>. London School of Economics and Political Science University of London. p. 46<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PhD+Thesis+Social+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Sons+of+Krishna%3A+the+politics+of+Yadav+community+formation+in+a+North+Indian+town&rft.pages=46&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Lucia+Michelutti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetheses.lse.ac.uk%2F2106%2F1%2FU613338.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Avatar-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Avatar_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avatar_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKrishna2018" class="citation book cs1">Krishna, Nanditha (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BfV5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT99"><i>The Book of Avatars and Divinities</i></a>. Penguin Random House India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780143446880" title="Special:BookSources/9780143446880"><bdi>9780143446880</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Avatars+and+Divinities&rft.pub=Penguin+Random+House+India&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780143446880&rft.aulast=Krishna&rft.aufirst=Nanditha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBfV5DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vemsani-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vemsani_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVemsani2016" class="citation book cs1">Vemsani, Lavanya (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4fw2DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA140"><i>Krishna in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. pp. <span class="nowrap">140–</span>141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-211-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-211-3"><bdi>978-1-61069-211-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Krishna+in+History%2C+Thought%2C+and+Culture%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+Hindu+Lord+of+Many+Names%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+Hindu+Lord+of+Many+Names&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E140-%3C%2Fspan%3E141&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-61069-211-3&rft.aulast=Vemsani&rft.aufirst=Lavanya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4fw2DAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janm-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Janm_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAug_2019Ist" class="citation web cs1">Aug 2019, ANI | 24; Ist, 07:07 Pm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/devotees-throng-krishna-janmbhumi-in-ups-mathura-on-occasion-of-janmashtami/videoshow/70819935.cms">"Devotees throng 'Krishna Janmbhumi' in UP's Mathura on occasion of 'Janmashtami'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> – via economictimes.indiatimes.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Devotees+throng+%27Krishna+Janmbhumi%27+in+UP%27s+Mathura+on+occasion+of+%27Janmashtami%27&rft.aulast=Aug+2019&rft.aufirst=ANI+%26%23124%3B+24&rft.au=Ist%2C+07%3A07+Pm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-and-nation%2Fdevotees-throng-krishna-janmbhumi-in-ups-mathura-on-occasion-of-janmashtami%2Fvideoshow%2F70819935.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mathura1-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mathura1_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mathura1_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mathura1_61-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGupta2017" class="citation news cs1">Gupta, Sonam (15 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/astrology/religious-places/the-famous-temples-of-mathura/articleshow/68206149.cms">"Mathura Temple – The Famous Temples of Mathura"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DNA+India&rft.atitle=Janmashtami+2019%3A+23rd+or+24th+Aug-+when+Mathura+is+celebrating+Lord+krishna%27s+birth%3F&rft.date=2019-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Findia%2Freport-janmashtami-2019-23rd-or-24th-aug-when-mathura-is-celebrating-lord-krishna-s-birth-2783926&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.slurrp.com/article/holi-2023-braj-cuisine-echoes-the-legends-of-lord-krishna-radha-and-holi-1677850126840">"Braj Cuisine Echoes The Legends Of Lord Krishna, Radha And Holi"</a>. <i>Slurrp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2024</span>. <q>Even now, Krishna is an integrated part of the Braj community and diet, influencing the culture in indelible ways. The essential elements of Braj cuisine are based on a few beliefs and traditions</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slurrp&rft.atitle=Braj+Cuisine+Echoes+The+Legends+Of+Lord+Krishna%2C+Radha+And+Holi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slurrp.com%2Farticle%2Fholi-2023-braj-cuisine-echoes-the-legends-of-lord-krishna-radha-and-holi-1677850126840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKumarVipinKannapatKaitano2024" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Tyagi, Pankaj; Vipin, Nadda; Kannapat, Kankaew; Kaitano, Dube (3 June 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bmgUEQAAQBAJ&pg=PA326"><i>Examining Tourist Behaviors and Community Involvement in Destination Rejuvenation</i></a>. IGI Global. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8-3693-6821-3" title="Special:BookSources/979-8-3693-6821-3"><bdi>979-8-3693-6821-3</bdi></a>. <q>Peda, a sweet confection of condensed milk, sugar, and cardamom, embodies the essence of Braj's culinary heritage...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Examining+Tourist+Behaviors+and+Community+Involvement+in+Destination+Rejuvenation&rft.pub=IGI+Global&rft.date=2024-06-03&rft.isbn=979-8-3693-6821-3&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Tyagi%2C+Pankaj&rft.au=Vipin%2C+Nadda&rft.au=Kannapat%2C+Kankaew&rft.au=Kaitano%2C+Dube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbmgUEQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA326&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSharma2023" class="citation book cs1">Sharma, Ajai (20 September 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GKvYEAAAQBAJ&dq=Mathura+chaat&pg=PA99"><i>Saffron Saffairs: Unearthing the Majestic Flavours of India's Royal Kitchens</i></a>. Notion Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8-89066-854-7" title="Special:BookSources/979-8-89066-854-7"><bdi>979-8-89066-854-7</bdi></a>. <q>Mathura's streets are a treasure trove of flavours and aromas. The city is known for its savoury and tangy Chaat.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saffron+Saffairs%3A+Unearthing+the+Majestic+Flavours+of+India%27s+Royal+Kitchens&rft.pub=Notion+Press&rft.date=2023-09-20&rft.isbn=979-8-89066-854-7&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Ajai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGKvYEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DMathura%2Bchaat%26pg%3DPA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/36/Mathura.html">"Maps, Weather, and Airports for Mathura, India"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maps%2C+Weather%2C+and+Airports+for+Mathura%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fallingrain.com%2Fworld%2FIN%2F36%2FMathura.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMDnormals-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IMDnormals_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf">"Station: Mathura Climatological Table 1981–2010"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Climatological Normals 1981–2010</i>. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. <span class="nowrap">481–</span>482. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Climatological+Normals+1981%E2%80%932010&rft.atitle=Station%3A+Mathura+Climatological+Table+1981%E2%80%932010&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E481-%3C%2Fspan%3E482&rft.date=2015-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimdpune.gov.in%2Flibrary%2Fpublic%2F1981-2010%2520CLIM%2520NORMALS%2520%2528STATWISE%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMDextremes-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IMDextremes_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf">"Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M220. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extremes+of+Temperature+%26+Rainfall+for+Indian+Stations+%28Up+to+2012%29&rft.pages=M220&rft.pub=India+Meteorological+Department&rft.date=2016-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimdpune.gov.in%2Flibrary%2Fpublic%2FEXTREMES%2520OF%2520TEMPERATURE%2520and%2520RAINFALL%2520upto%25202012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2011-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census2011_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/prov_data_products_UP.html">"Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011 : Uttar Pradesh"</a>. <i>2011 Census of India</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2011+Census+of+India&rft.atitle=Provisional+Population+Totals+Paper+1+of+2011+%3A+Uttar+Pradesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensusindia.gov.in%2F2011-prov-results%2Fprov_data_products_UP.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16T/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX">"C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Town level"</a>. <i>censusindia.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=censusindia.gov.in&rft.atitle=C-16+Population+By+Mother+Tongue+%E2%80%93+Town+level&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcensusindia.gov.in%2F2011census%2FC-16T%2FDDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/uttar-pradesh/poll-harvest-season-hema-malini-starts-campaigning-from-wheat-farms-in-mathura-with-sickle-in-hand/articleshow/68665812.cms">"UP Lok Sabha Election | Poll harvest season: Hema Malini starts campaigning from wheat farms in Mathura with sickle in hand"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=UP+Lok+Sabha+Election+%7C+Poll+harvest+season%3A+Hema+Malini+starts+campaigning+from+wheat+farms+in+Mathura+with+sickle+in+hand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Felections%2Flok-sabha%2Futtar-pradesh%2Fpoll-harvest-season-hema-malini-starts-campaigning-from-wheat-farms-in-mathura-with-sickle-in-hand%2Farticleshow%2F68665812.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAhmad" class="citation web cs1">Ahmad, F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-howrah-mathura-chambal-express-12177/259/1/249">"12177/Howrah – Mathura Chambal Express – Howrah to Mathura NCR/North Central Zone – Railway Enquiry"</a>. <i>indiarailinfo.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=indiarailinfo.com&rft.atitle=12177%2FHowrah+%E2%80%93+Mathura+Chambal+Express+%E2%80%93+Howrah+to+Mathura+NCR%2FNorth+Central+Zone+%E2%80%93+Railway+Enquiry&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findiarailinfo.com%2Ftrain%2F-train-howrah-mathura-chambal-express-12177%2F259%2F1%2F249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/mathura-to-get-tram-network-by-2018/articleshow/59060417.cms">"Mathura to get tram network by 2018"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 9 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Mathura+to+get+tram+network+by+2018&rft.date=2017-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Flucknow%2Fmathura-to-get-tram-network-by-2018%2Farticleshow%2F59060417.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deccanherald.com/content/251278/international-airport-now-mathura.html">"International airport now at Mathura"</a>. <i>Deccan Herald</i>. 22 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Organisation.html">the original</a> on 19 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ORGANISATIONAL+STRUCTURE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bharat-rakshak.com%2FLAND-FORCES%2FArmy%2FOrganisation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205100849/http://www.india-defence.com/reports/3115">"www.india-defence.com/reports/3115"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.india-defence.com/reports/3115">the original</a> on 5 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=www.india-defence.com%2Freports%2F3115&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.india-defence.com%2Freports%2F3115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iocl.com-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iocl.com_87-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iocl.com_87-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130627214702/http://www.iocl.com/AboutUs/MathuraRefinery.aspx">"IndianOil Corporation | Mathura Refinery"</a>. Iocl.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iocl.com/AboutUs/MathuraRefinery.aspx">the original</a> on 27 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IndianOil+Corporation+%26%23124%3B+Mathura+Refinery&rft.pub=Iocl.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iocl.com%2FAboutUs%2FMathuraRefinery.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/Mathura-refinery">"Mathura refinery: Latest News & Videos, Photos about Mathura refinery | The Economic Times - Page 1"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Mathura+refinery%3A+Latest+News+%26+Videos%2C+Photos+about+Mathura+refinery+%7C+The+Economic+Times+-+Page+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Ftopic%2FMathura-refinery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131211151908/http://www.upvetuniv.edu.in/history.aspx">"Mathura University"</a>. Upvetuniv.edu.in. 25 October 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upvetuniv.edu.in/history.aspx">the original</a> on 11 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mathura+University&rft.pub=Upvetuniv.edu.in&rft.date=2001-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upvetuniv.edu.in%2Fhistory.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAshvini_Agrawal1989" class="citation book cs1">Ashvini Agrawal (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hRjC5IaJ2zcC&pg=PA315"><i>Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0592-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0592-7"><bdi>978-81-208-0592-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Imperial+Guptas&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0592-7&rft.au=Ashvini+Agrawal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhRjC5IaJ2zcC%26pg%3DPA315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Mathura-The Cultural Heritage. Edited by Doris Meth Srinivasan, published in 1989 by AIIS/Manohar.</li> <li>Konow, Sten. Editor. 1929. <i>Kharoshthī Inscriptions with Exception of those of Ashoka</i>. Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. II, Part I. Reprint: Indological Book House, Varanasi, 1969.</li> <li>Mukherjee, B. N. 1981. <i>Mathurā and its Society: The Śaka-Pahlava Phase</i>. Firma K. L. M. Private Limited, Calcutta.</li> <li>Sharma, R. C. 1976. <i>Mathura Museum and Art</i>. 2nd revised and enlarged edition. Government Museum, Mathura.</li> <li>Growse, F. S. 1882. " Mathura A District Memoir.</li> <li>Drake-Brockman, D. L. 1911. "Muttra A Gaztteer".</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924012251140"><i>The Jain stûpa and other antiquities of Mathura</i></a>, by Smith, Vincent Arthur, 1848–1920. (1901)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiafacts.org/1018-mahmud-ghaznis-invasion-of-mathura/">1018: Mahmud Ghazni’s invasion of Mathura</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDas1980" class="citation cs2">Das, Kalyani (1980), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UuwLAAAAIAAJ"><i>Early Inscriptions of Mathurā</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Inscriptions+of+Mathur%C4%81&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Kalyani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUuwLAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVyas1995" class="citation cs2">Vyas, Dr. R. T., ed. (1995), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC"><i>Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects</i></a>, The Director, Oriental Institute, on behalf of the Registrar, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7017-316-7" title="Special:BookSources/81-7017-316-7"><bdi>81-7017-316-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Jaina+Art+and+Iconography+and+Allied+Subjects&rft.pub=The+Director%2C+Oriental+Institute%2C+on+behalf+of+the+Registrar%2C+M.S.+University+of+Baroda%2C+Vadodara&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=81-7017-316-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfETebHcHKogC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMathura" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathura&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mathura#Q200311" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Mathura">Mathura</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/ma/madhuraa.htm">Entry on 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template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Krishna" title="Template talk:Krishna"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Krishna" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Krishna"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Krishna203" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Forms_of_Krishna" title="Category:Forms of Krishna">Forms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bala_Krishna" title="Bala Krishna">Bala Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopala-Krishna" title="Gopala-Krishna">Gopala-Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govinda" title="Govinda">Govinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Krishna" title="Radha Krishna">Radha Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrinathji" title="Shrinathji">Shrinathji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81sudeva-Krishna" class="mw-redirect" title="Vāsudeva-Krishna">Vāsudeva-Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithoba" title="Vithoba">Vithoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_names_of_Krishna" title="List of titles and names of Krishna">Other names</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sri_Mariamman_Temple_Singapore_2_amk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Sri_Mariamman_Temple_Singapore_2_amk.jpg/120px-Sri_Mariamman_Temple_Singapore_2_amk.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Sri_Mariamman_Temple_Singapore_2_amk.jpg/250px-Sri_Mariamman_Temple_Singapore_2_amk.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1964" data-file-height="2620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%">Consorts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtabharya" title="Ashtabharya">Ashtabharya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyabhama" title="Satyabhama">Satyabhama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambavati" title="Jambavati">Jambavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna_in_Hinduism" title="Yamuna in Hinduism">Kalindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagnajiti" title="Nagnajiti">Nagnajiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitravinda" title="Mitravinda">Mitravinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmana_(Krishna%27s_wife)" title="Lakshmana (Krishna's wife)">Lakshmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadra_(Krishna%27s_wife)" title="Bhadra (Krishna's wife)">Bhadra</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Junior_wives_of_Krishna" title="Junior wives of Krishna">Other 16000 - 16100 Junior wives</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rohini_(Krishna%27s_wife)" title="Rohini (Krishna's wife)">Rohini</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%">Other relatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aniruddha" title="Aniruddha">Aniruddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balarama" title="Balarama">Balarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devaki" title="Devaki">Devaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamsa" title="Kamsa">Kamsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunti" title="Kunti">Kunti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanda_(Hinduism)" title="Nanda (Hinduism)">Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradyumna" title="Pradyumna">Pradyumna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_(Krishna%27s_son)" title="Samba (Krishna's son)">Samba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhadra" title="Subhadra">Subhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugrasena" title="Ugrasena">Ugrasena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasudeva" title="Vasudeva">Vasudeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashoda" title="Yashoda">Yashoda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:People_related_to_Krishna" title="Category:People related to Krishna">More</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sects <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaism" title="Krishnaism">Krishnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a></li></ul></li> <li>Festivals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Krishna Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gita_Mahotsav" title="Gita Mahotsav">Gita Mahotsav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Pilgrimage circuits</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/48_Kos_Parikrama_of_Kurukshetra" class="mw-redirect" title="48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra">48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vraja_Parikrama" title="Vraja Parikrama">Vraja Parikrama</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Holy sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Associated with Krishna's life <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mathura,_Uttar_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura, Uttar Pradesh">Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokul" title="Gokul">Gokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govardhan_Hill" title="Govardhan Hill">Govardhan Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dv%C4%81rak%C4%81" title="Dvārakā">Dvaraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisar" title="Jyotisar">Jyotisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhalka" title="Bhalka">Bhalka</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other sites: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayur_Temple" title="Guruvayur Temple">Guruvayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathdwara" title="Nathdwara">Nathdwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithoba_Temple,_Pandharpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Vithoba Temple, Pandharpur">Pandharpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath_Temple,_Puri" title="Jagannath Temple, Puri">Puri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udupi_Krishna_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Udupi Krishna Temple">Udupi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_Indian_epigraphy" title="Early Indian epigraphy">Epigraphy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hathibada_Ghosundi_Inscriptions" class="mw-redirect" title="Hathibada Ghosundi Inscriptions">Hathibada Ghosundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliodorus_pillar" title="Heliodorus pillar">Heliodorus pillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mora_Well_Inscription" title="Mora Well Inscription">Mora Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naneghat" title="Naneghat">Naneghat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasu_Doorjamb_Inscription" title="Vasu Doorjamb Inscription">Vasu Doorjamb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gita_Govinda" title="Gita Govinda">Gita Govinda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_in_the_Mahabharata" title="Krishna in the Mahabharata">Krishna's role</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Samhita" title="Brahma Samhita">Brahma Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uddhava_Gita" title="Uddhava Gita">Uddhava Gita</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FFC569;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svayam_Bhagavan" title="Svayam Bhagavan">Svayam Bhagavan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru%E2%80%93shishya_tradition" title="Guru–shishya tradition">Guru–shishya tradition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hindu_holy_cities57" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_holy_cities" title="Template:Hindu holy cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hindu_holy_cities" title="Template talk:Hindu holy cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu_holy_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu holy cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hindu_holy_cities57" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a> holy cities</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Char_Dham" title="Char Dham">Char Dham</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badrinath" title="Badrinath">Badrinath</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badrinath_Temple" title="Badrinath Temple">Badrinath Temple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarka" title="Dwarka">Dwarka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwarkadhish_Temple" title="Dwarkadhish Temple">Dwarkadhish Temple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puri" title="Puri">Puri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath_Temple,_Puri" title="Jagannath Temple, Puri">Jagannath Temple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rameswaram" title="Rameswaram">Rameswaram</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramanathaswamy_Temple" title="Ramanathaswamy Temple">Ramanathaswamy Temple</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chota_Char_Dham" title="Chota Char Dham">Chota Char Dham</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badrinath" title="Badrinath">Badrinath</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badrinath_Temple" title="Badrinath Temple">Badrinath Temple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangotri" title="Gangotri">Gangotri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath" title="Kedarnath">Kedarnath</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath_Temple" title="Kedarnath Temple">Kedarnath Temple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yamunotri_Temple" title="Yamunotri Temple">Yamunotri Temple</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panch_Kedar" title="Panch Kedar">Panch Kedar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalpeshwar" title="Kalpeshwar">Kalpeshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath" title="Kedarnath">Kedarnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhyamaheshwar" title="Madhyamaheshwar">Madhyamaheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudranath" title="Rudranath">Rudranath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungnath" title="Tungnath">Tungnath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pancharama_Kshetras" title="Pancharama Kshetras">Pancharama Kshetras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amararama" title="Amararama">Amararama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draksharama" class="mw-redirect" title="Draksharama">Draksharama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksheerarama" title="Ksheerarama">Ksheerarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumararama" title="Kumararama">Kumararama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somarama" title="Somarama">Somarama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Six_Abodes_of_Murugan" title="Six Abodes of Murugan">Six Abodes of Murugan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palani" title="Palani">Palani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arulmigu_Solaimalai_Murugan_Temple,_Pazhamudircholai" class="mw-redirect" title="Arulmigu Solaimalai Murugan Temple, Pazhamudircholai">Pazhamudircholai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamimalai" title="Swamimalai">Swamimalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruparankundram" title="Thiruparankundram">Thiruparankundram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruttani" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruttani">Thiruttani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruchendur" title="Tiruchendur">Tiruchendur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trilinga_Kshetras" title="Trilinga Kshetras">Trilinga Kshetras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draksharama" class="mw-redirect" title="Draksharama">Draksharama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaleshwaram" title="Kaleshwaram">Kaleshwaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srisailam" title="Srisailam">Srisailam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ashtavinayaka" title="Ashtavinayaka">Ashtavinayaka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lenyadri" title="Lenyadri">Lenyadri</a> <ul><li>Girijatmaja</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahad" title="Mahad">Mahad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varadvinayak" title="Varadvinayak">Varadvinayaka</a></li></ul></li> <li>Morgaon <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha_Temple,_Morgaon" title="Ganesha Temple, Morgaon">Mayureshwara</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ozar <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vigneshwara_Temple,_Ozar" title="Vigneshwara Temple, Ozar">Vighneswara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pali,_Raigad" title="Pali, Raigad">Pali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballaleshwar_Pali" title="Ballaleshwar Pali">Ballaleshwara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjangaon" title="Ranjangaon">Ranjangaon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranjangaon_Ganpati" title="Ranjangaon Ganpati">Mahaganapati</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhatek" title="Siddhatek">Siddhatek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siddhivinayak_Temple,_Siddhatek" title="Siddhivinayak Temple, Siddhatek">Siddhivinayaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chintamani_Temple,_Theur" title="Chintamani Temple, Theur">Theur</a> <ul><li>Chintamani</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jyotirlinga" title="Jyotirlinga">Jyotirlinga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deoghar" title="Deoghar">Deoghar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baidyanath_Temple" title="Baidyanath Temple">Vaidyanath</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarka" title="Dwarka">Dwarka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nageshvara_Jyotirlinga" title="Nageshvara Jyotirlinga">Nageshvara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellora_Caves" title="Ellora Caves">Ellora Caves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grishneshwar_Temple" title="Grishneshwar Temple">Grishneshwar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath" title="Kedarnath">Kedarnath</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath_Temple" title="Kedarnath Temple">Kedarnath</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khandwa_district" title="Khandwa district">Khandwa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Omkareshwar_Temple" title="Omkareshwar Temple">Omkareshwar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabhas_Patan" title="Prabhas Patan">Prabhas Patan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Somnath_temple" title="Somnath temple">Somnath</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khed_taluka" title="Khed taluka">Rajgurunagar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhimashankar_Temple" title="Bhimashankar Temple">Bhimashankar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rameswaram" title="Rameswaram">Rameswaram</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramanathaswamy_Temple" title="Ramanathaswamy Temple">Ramanathaswamy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srisailam" title="Srisailam">Srisailam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Srisailam#The_Temple" title="Srisailam">Mallikājuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimbak" title="Trimbak">Trimbak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trimbakeshwar_Shiva_Temple" title="Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple">Trimbakeshwar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ujjain" title="Ujjain">Ujjain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahakaleshwar_Jyotirlinga" title="Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga">Mahakaleshwar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashi_Vishwanath_Temple" title="Kashi Vishwanath Temple">Kasi Vishvanath</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Bhoota_Stalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Pancha Bhoota Stalam">Panchabootha Lingas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arunachalesvara_Temple" title="Arunachalesvara Temple">Annamalai (Fire)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiruvannamalai" title="Tiruvannamalai">Tiruvannamalai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja_Temple,_Chidambaram" title="Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram">Chidambaram (Ether)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chidambaram" title="Chidambaram">Chidambaram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekambareswarar_Temple_(Kanchipuram)" title="Ekambareswarar Temple (Kanchipuram)">Ekambareswarar (Earth)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanchipuram" title="Kanchipuram">Kanchipuram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambukeswarar_Temple,_Thiruvanaikaval" title="Jambukeswarar Temple, Thiruvanaikaval">Jambukeswarar (Water)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvanaikaval" title="Thiruvanaikaval">Thiruvanaikaval</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srikalahasteeswara_temple" title="Srikalahasteeswara temple">Srikalahasti (Air)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Srikalahasti" title="Srikalahasti">Srikalahasti</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Sabhai" title="Pancha Sabhai">Pancha Sabhas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thirukutralam" title="Thirukutralam">Art/Chithiram, Courtallam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellaiappar_Temple" title="Nellaiappar Temple">Copper/Thamiram, Nellai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vadaranyeswarar_Temple" title="Sri Vadaranyeswarar Temple">Emerald/Rathinam, Thiruvalangadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja_Temple,_Chidambaram" title="Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram">Gold/Pon, Thillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meenakshi_Temple,_Madurai" class="mw-redirect" title="Meenakshi Temple, Madurai">Silver/Velli, Madurai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sapta_Puri" title="Sapta Puri">Sapta Puris</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ujjain" title="Ujjain">Avantika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya" title="Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarka" title="Dwarka">Dwaravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanchipuram" title="Kanchipuram">Kanchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Kashi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridwar" title="Haridwar">Maya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shakti_Pitha" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakti Pitha">Shakti Peeths</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vimala_Temple" title="Vimala Temple">Vimala Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taratarini_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Taratarini Temple">Taratarini Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamakhya_Temple" title="Kamakhya Temple">Kamakhya Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalighat_Kali_Temple" title="Kalighat Kali Temple">Kalighat Kali Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukkuteswara_Temple" title="Kukkuteswara Temple">Kukkuteswara Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koneswaram_Temple" title="Koneswaram Temple">Koneswaram Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamakshi_Amman_Temple" title="Kamakshi Amman Temple">Kamakshi Amman Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamundeshwari_Temple" title="Chamundeshwari Temple">Chamundeshwari Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahalakshmi_Temple,_Kolhapur" title="Mahalakshmi Temple, Kolhapur">Mahalakshmi Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biraja_Temple" title="Biraja Temple">Biraja Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopi_Devi_Mandir" title="Alopi Devi Mandir">Alopi Devi Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangla_Gauri_Temple" title="Mangla Gauri Temple">Mangla Gauri Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishalakshi_Temple" title="Vishalakshi Temple">Vishalakshi Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti_Pitha#List_of_51_Shakti_Peethas" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakti Pitha">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kumbha_Mela" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumbha Mela">Kumbha Kshetras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haridwar" title="Haridwar">Haridwar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haridwar_Kumbh_Mela" title="Haridwar Kumbh Mela">Haridwar Kumbha Mela</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashik" title="Nashik">Nashik</a>-<a href="/wiki/Trimbak" title="Trimbak">Trimbak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nashik-Trimbakeshwar_Simhastha" title="Nashik-Trimbakeshwar Simhastha">Nashik-Trimbak Kumbha Mela</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a> (Prayaga) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayag_Kumbh_Mela" title="Prayag Kumbh Mela">Prayaga Kumbha Mela</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ujjain" title="Ujjain">Ujjain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ujjain_Simhastha" title="Ujjain Simhastha">Ujjain kumbha Mela</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chhath" title="Chhath">Sun Temple for Chhath Puja</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deo_Surya_Mandir" title="Deo Surya Mandir">Deo Sun Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umga_Sun_Temple" title="Umga Sun Temple">Umga Sun Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Navagraha_temples_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="Navagraha temples in Tamil Nadu">Navagraha temples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suryanar_Kovil" title="Suryanar Kovil">Suryanar Kovil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kailasanthar_Temple,Thingalur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kailasanthar Temple,Thingalur">Kailasanathar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaitheeswaran_Koil" title="Vaitheeswaran Koil">Vaitheeswaran Koil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swetharanyeswarar_Temple" title="Swetharanyeswarar Temple">Swetharanyeswarar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apatsahayesvarar_Temple,_Alangudi" title="Apatsahayesvarar Temple, Alangudi">Apatsahayesvarar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agniswarar_Temple,_Kanjanur" title="Agniswarar Temple, Kanjanur">Agniswarar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirunallar_Saniswaran_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirunallar Saniswaran Temple">Tirunallar Saniswaran Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahu_Stalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Rahu Stalam">Rahu Stalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagannathaswamy_Temple,_Keezhaperumpallam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagannathaswamy Temple, Keezhaperumpallam">Nagannathaswamy Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><b>Important</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarnath_Temple" title="Amarnath Temple">Amarnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aundha_Nagnath" title="Aundha Nagnath">Aundha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabaleshwar_Temple,_Gokarna" title="Mahabaleshwar Temple, Gokarna">Gokarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandariya_Mahadeva_Temple" title="Kandariya Mahadeva Temple">Khajuraho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudalasangama" title="Kudalasangama">Kudalasangama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingaraja_Temple" title="Lingaraja Temple">Lingaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paadal_Petra_Sthalam" title="Paadal Petra Sthalam">Paadal Petra Sthalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brihadisvara_Temple,_Thanjavur" class="mw-redirect" title="Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur">Thanjavur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirupati" title="Tirupati">Tirupati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyagaraja_Temple,_Tiruvarur" title="Thyagaraja Temple, Tiruvarur">Thiruvarur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadakkunnathan_Temple" title="Vadakkunnathan Temple">Thrissur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikom_Sree_Mahadeva_Temple" title="Vaikom Sree Mahadeva Temple">Vaikom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><b><a href="/wiki/Samadhi_(shrine)" title="Samadhi (shrine)">Samadhis</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alandi" title="Alandi">Alandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belur_Math" title="Belur Math">Belur Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsi_Ghat" title="Tulsi Ghat">Tulsi Ghat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meherabad" title="Meherabad">Meherabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirdi" title="Shirdi">Shirdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur" title="Gorakhpur">Gorakhpur</a></li> <li>Panchaganga Ghat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puri" title="Puri">Puri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagpur" title="Nagpur">Nagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasanthi_Nilayam" title="Prasanthi Nilayam">Prasanthi Nilayam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahobilam" title="Ahobilam">Ahobilam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambaji" title="Ambaji">Ambaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha" title="Ambalappuzha">Ambalappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annavaram" title="Annavaram">Annavaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachala" title="Arunachala">Arunachala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnana_Saraswati_Temple,_Basar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnana Saraswati Temple, Basar">Basar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita_Ramachandraswamy_Temple,_Bhadrachalam" title="Sita Ramachandraswamy Temple, Bhadrachalam">Bhadrachalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chidambaram" title="Chidambaram">Chidambaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitrakoot,_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh">Chitrakoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chottanikkara" title="Chottanikkara">Chottanikkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakor" title="Dakor">Dakor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakshineswar_Kali_Temple" title="Dakshineswar Kali Temple">Dakshineswar Kali Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deo,_Bihar" title="Deo, Bihar">Deo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharmasthala" title="Dharmasthala">Dharmasthala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ettumanoor" title="Ettumanoor">Ettumanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaya,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaya, India">Gaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokul" title="Gokul">Gokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayur" title="Guruvayur">Guruvayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Indraprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jageshwar" title="Jageshwar">Jageshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biraja_Temple" title="Biraja Temple">Jajpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalighat" title="Kalighat">Kalighat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari" title="Kanyakumari">Kanyakumari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishno_Devi_Temple" title="Vaishno Devi Temple">Katra Vaishno Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatushyamji,_Rajasthan" class="mw-redirect" title="Khatushyamji, Rajasthan">Khatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollur,_Udupi_district" title="Kollur, Udupi district">Kollur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_temples_in_Kumbakonam" title="List of Hindu temples in Kumbakonam">Kumbakonam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangalagiri" title="Mangalagiri">Mangalagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayapur" title="Mayapur">Mayapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabadwip" title="Nabadwip">Nabadwip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashik" title="Nashik">Nashik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathdwara" title="Nathdwara">Nathdwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandharpur" title="Pandharpur">Pandharpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allahabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Allahabad">Prayag</a> (<a href="/wiki/Triveni_Sangam" title="Triveni Sangam">Triveni Sangam</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushkar" title="Pushkar">Pushkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushpagiri,_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Pushpagiri, Andhra Pradesh">Pushpagiri Temple Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishikesh" title="Rishikesh">Rishikesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryali" title="Ryali">Ryali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabarimala" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabarimala">Sabarimala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti_Pitha" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakti Pitha">Shakti Pitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha_Lakshmi_Narasimha_temple,_Simhachalam" title="Varaha Lakshmi Narasimha temple, Simhachalam">Simhachalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somnath_temple" title="Somnath temple">Somnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonamukhi" title="Sonamukhi">Sonamukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Kurmam" title="Sri Kurmam">Sri Kurmam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sringeri" title="Sringeri">Sringeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srirangam" title="Srirangam">Srirangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan_Akshardham_(Gandhinagar)" title="Swaminarayan Akshardham (Gandhinagar)">Swaminarayan Akshardham (Gandhinagar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan_Akshardham_(New_Delhi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Swaminarayan Akshardham (New Delhi)">Swaminarayan Akshardham (New Delhi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrippunithura" title="Thrippunithura">Thrippunithura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruchanur" title="Tiruchanur">Tiruchanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirumala" title="Tirumala">Tirumala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirunavaya" title="Tirunavaya">Tirunavaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udupi" title="Udupi">Udupi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velliangiri_Mountains" title="Velliangiri Mountains">Velliangiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Rajeswara_Temple,_Vemulawada" title="Raja Rajeswara Temple, Vemulawada">Vemulawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_Durga_Temple" title="Kanaka Durga Temple">Vijayawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lakshmi_Narasimha_Swamy_Temple,_Yadadri" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple, Yadadri">Yadagirigutta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Om_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aum"><img alt="Aum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Om_symbol.svg/40px-Om_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Om_symbol.svg/60px-Om_symbol.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><b>Out of India</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ateshgah_of_Baku" title="Ateshgah of Baku">Ateshgah of Baku (Azerbaijan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_S%C6%A1n" title="Mỹ Sơn">Bhadreshwaram (Vietnam)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganga_Talao" title="Ganga Talao">Ganga Talao (Mauritius)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraivan_Temple" title="Iraivan Temple">Iraivan temple (USA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiyuan_Temple_(Quanzhou)" title="Kaiyuan Temple (Quanzhou)">Kadhalishwaram ruins (China)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kailash" title="Mount Kailash">Mount Kailash (Tibet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sivan_Temple" title="Sri Sivan Temple">Sivan temple (Singapore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanom_Rung_Historical_Park" title="Phanom Rung Historical Park">Sthūlādri (Thailand)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_in_the_Sea" title="Temple in the Sea">Temple in the Sea (Trinidad and Tobago)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devasathan" title="Devasathan">Thewasathan Bot Phram</a> (<a href="/wiki/Giant_Swing" title="Giant Swing">Sao Chingcha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angkor_Wat" title="Angkor Wat">Angkor Wat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banteay_Srei" title="Banteay Srei">Tribhuvanamāhesvaram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_temple" title="Balinese temple">Balinese temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besakih_Temple" title="Besakih Temple">Besakih Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surawana" title="Surawana">Candi Surawana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangkuang" title="Cangkuang">Cangkuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceto_Temple" title="Ceto Temple">Ceto Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denpasar" title="Denpasar">Denpasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieng_Plateau" title="Dieng Plateau">Dieng Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebang" title="Gebang">Gebang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gedong_Songo" title="Gedong Songo">Gedong Songo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianyar_Regency" title="Gianyar Regency">Gianyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunung_Kawi" title="Gunung Kawi">Gunung Kawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawi_Temple" title="Jawi Temple">Jawi Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidal_Temple" title="Kidal Temple">Kidal Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marga,_Tabanan" title="Marga, Tabanan">Marga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pejeng" title="Pejeng">Pejeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penataran" title="Penataran">Penataran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prambanan" title="Prambanan">Prambanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uluwatu_Temple" title="Uluwatu Temple">Pura Luhur Ulu Watu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pura_Penataran_Sasih" title="Pura Penataran Sasih">Pura Penataran Sasih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pura_Ulun_Danu_Batur" title="Pura Ulun Danu Batur">Pura Ulun Danu Batur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pura_Ulun_Danu_Bratan" title="Pura Ulun Danu Bratan">Pura Ulun Danu Bratan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prambanan" title="Prambanan">Shivagraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singhasari_temple" title="Singhasari temple">Singhasari temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukuh" title="Sukuh">Sukuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanah_Lot" title="Tanah Lot">Tanah Lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirta_Empul" title="Tirta Empul">Tirta Empul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barahachhetra" class="mw-redirect" title="Barahachhetra">Chataradham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janakpur" title="Janakpur">Janakpurdham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupatinath_Temple" title="Pashupatinath Temple">Pashupatinath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinglaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinglaj">Hinglaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharada_Peeth" title="Sharada Peeth">Sharada Peeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multan_Sun_Temple" title="Multan Sun Temple">Multan Sun Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katas_Raj_Temples" title="Katas Raj Temples">Katas Raj Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amb_Temples" title="Amb Temples">Amb Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalat_Kali_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalat Kali Temple">Kalat Kali Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagarparkar_Temples" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagarparkar Temples">Nagarparkar Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansehra_Shiva_Temple" title="Mansehra Shiva Temple">Mansehra Shiva Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lava_Temple" title="Lava Temple">Lava Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath_Temple,_Sialkot" class="mw-redirect" title="Jagannath Temple, Sialkot">Jagannath Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churrio_Jabal" class="mw-redirect" title="Churrio Jabal">Churrio Jabal Durga Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadh_Belo" title="Sadh Belo">Sadh Belo Island Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafir_Kot" title="Kafir Kot">Kafir Kot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Ishwarams" title="Pancha Ishwarams">Pancheshwarams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ketheeswaram_temple" title="Ketheeswaram temple">Ketheeshwaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koneswaram_Temple" title="Koneswaram Temple">Koneswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munneswaram_temple" title="Munneswaram temple">Munneshwaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naguleswaram_temple" title="Naguleswaram temple">Naguleshwaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenavaram_temple" title="Tenavaram temple">Thondeshwaram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ati_Konanayakar" title="Ati Konanayakar">Ati Konanayakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kataragama" title="Kataragama">Kataragama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokkadicholai_Thaanthonreeswarar_Temple" title="Kokkadicholai Thaanthonreeswarar Temple">Kokkadicholai Thaanthonreeswarar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathirakali_Amman_Temple" title="Pathirakali Amman Temple">Pathirakali Amman Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thambiluvil_Kannaki_Amman_Temple" title="Thambiluvil Kannaki Amman Temple">Thambiluvil Kannaki Amman Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thambiluvil_Sri_Sivalinga_Pillayar_Temple" title="Thambiluvil Sri Sivalinga Pillayar Temple">Thambiluvil Sri Sivalinga Pillayar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukkovil_Temple" title="Thirukkovil Temple">Thirukkovil Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_and_towns_in_Mathura_district62" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mathura_district" title="Template:Mathura district"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mathura_district" title="Template talk:Mathura district"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mathura_district" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mathura district"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_and_towns_in_Mathura_district62" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cities and towns in <a href="/wiki/Mathura_district" title="Mathura district">Mathura district</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;">Mathura</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurangabad_Bangar" title="Aurangabad Bangar">Aurangabad Bangar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Bad, Uttar Pradesh">Bad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajna,_India" title="Bajna, India">Bajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldeo" title="Baldeo">Baldeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barsana" title="Barsana">Barsana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaumuhan" title="Chaumuhan">Chaumuhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhata" title="Chhata">Chhata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farah,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Farah, India">Farah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokul" title="Gokul">Gokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govardhan" title="Govardhan">Govardhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosi_Kalan" title="Kosi Kalan">Kosi Kalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahaban" title="Mahaban">Mahaban</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandgaon,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Nandgaon, Uttar Pradesh">Nandgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Kund" title="Radha Kund">Radha Kund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raya,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Raya, Uttar Pradesh">Raya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunkh" title="Saunkh">Saunkh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surir" title="Surir">Surir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;">Other districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agra_district" title="Agra district">Agra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligarh_district" title="Aligarh district">Aligarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya_district" title="Ayodhya district">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambedkar_Nagar_district" title="Ambedkar Nagar district">Ambedkar Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amethi_district" title="Amethi district">Amethi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amroha_district" title="Amroha district">Amroha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auraiya_district" title="Auraiya district">Auraiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azamgarh_district" title="Azamgarh district">Azamgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badaun_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Badaun district">Badaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagpat_district" title="Bagpat district">Bagpat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahraich_district" title="Bahraich district">Bahraich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballia_district" title="Ballia district">Ballia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balrampur_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh">Balrampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_district_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Banda district (India)">Banda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barabanki_district" title="Barabanki district">Barabanki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareilly_district" title="Bareilly district">Bareilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basti_district" title="Basti district">Basti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijnor_district" title="Bijnor district">Bijnor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadohi_district" title="Bhadohi district">Bhadohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulandshahr_district" title="Bulandshahr district">Bulandshahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandauli_district" title="Chandauli district">Chandauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitrakoot_district" title="Chitrakoot district">Chitrakoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deoria_district" title="Deoria district">Deoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etah_district" title="Etah district">Etah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etawah_district" title="Etawah district">Etawah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrukhabad_district" title="Farrukhabad district">Farrukhabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatehpur_district" title="Fatehpur district">Fatehpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firozabad_district" title="Firozabad district">Firozabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautam_Buddha_Nagar_district" title="Gautam Buddha Nagar district">Gautam Buddha Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaziabad_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh">Ghaziabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazipur_district" title="Ghazipur district">Ghazipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonda_district" title="Gonda district">Gonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur_district" title="Gorakhpur district">Gorakhpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamirpur_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Hamirpur district, Uttar Pradesh">Hamirpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardoi_district" title="Hardoi district">Hardoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapur_district" title="Hapur district">Hapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathras_district" title="Hathras district">Hathras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalaun_district" title="Jalaun district">Jalaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaunpur_district" title="Jaunpur district">Jaunpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhansi_district" title="Jhansi district">Jhansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannauj_district" title="Kannauj district">Kannauj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpur_Nagar_district" title="Kanpur Nagar district">Kanpur Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpur_Dehat_district" title="Kanpur Dehat district">Kanpur Dehat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasganj_district" title="Kasganj district">Kasganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaushambi_district" title="Kaushambi district">Kaushambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushinagar_district" title="Kushinagar district">Kushinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhimpur_Kheri_district" title="Lakhimpur Kheri district">Lakhimpur Kheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalitpur_district,_India" title="Lalitpur district, India">Lalitpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_district" title="Lucknow district">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharajganj_district" title="Maharajganj district">Maharajganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoba_district" title="Mahoba district">Mahoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainpuri_district" title="Mainpuri district">Mainpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mau_district" title="Mau district">Mau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meerut_district" title="Meerut district">Meerut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirzapur_district" title="Mirzapur district">Mirzapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moradabad_district" title="Moradabad district">Moradabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzaffarnagar_district" title="Muzaffarnagar district">Muzaffarnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilibhit_district" title="Pilibhit district">Pilibhit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratapgarh_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh">Pratapgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayagraj_district" title="Prayagraj district">Prayagraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raebareli_district" title="Raebareli district">Raebareli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rampur_district" title="Rampur district">Rampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saharanpur_district" title="Saharanpur district">Saharanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Kabir_Nagar_district" title="Sant Kabir Nagar district">Sant Kabir Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahjahanpur_district" title="Shahjahanpur district">Shahjahanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shravasti_district" title="Shravasti district">Shravasti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddharthnagar_district" title="Siddharthnagar district">Siddharthnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamli_district" title="Shamli district">Shamli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambhal_district" title="Sambhal district">Sambhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitapur_district" title="Sitapur district">Sitapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonbhadra_district" title="Sonbhadra district">Sonbhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanpur_district" title="Sultanpur district">Sultanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnao_district" title="Unnao district">Unnao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varanasi_district" title="Varanasi district">Varanasi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vishnu_temples177" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vishnu_temples" title="Template:Vishnu temples"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vishnu_temples" title="Template talk:Vishnu temples"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vishnu_temples" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vishnu temples"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vishnu_temples177" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> temples</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahobilam" title="Ahobilam">Ahobilam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanarayana_Temple,_Annavaram" title="Satyanarayana Temple, Annavaram">Annavaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkateswara_Temple,_Tirumala" title="Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala">Tirumala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwaraka_Tirumala" title="Dwaraka Tirumala">Dwaraka Tirumala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavanarayana_Temple,_Sarpavaram" title="Bhavanarayana Temple, Sarpavaram">Sarpavaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha_Lakshmi_Narasimha_temple,_Simhachalam" title="Varaha Lakshmi Narasimha temple, Simhachalam">Simhachalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Narasimha_Temple,_Mangalagiri" title="Lakshmi Narasimha Temple, Mangalagiri">Mangalagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govindaraja_Temple,_Tirupati" title="Govindaraja Temple, Tirupati">Govindaraja Temple, Tirupati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodandarama_Temple,_Tirupati" title="Kodandarama Temple, Tirupati">Kodandarama Temple, Tirupati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyana_Venkateswara_Temple,_Srinivasamangapuram" title="Kalyana Venkateswara Temple, Srinivasamangapuram">Srinivasamangapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandavya_Narayana_Swamy_Temple" title="Mandavya Narayana Swamy Temple">Mandavya Narayana Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasanna_Venkateswara_Temple,_Appalayagunta" title="Prasanna Venkateswara Temple, Appalayagunta">Appalayagunta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varahaswamy_Temple" title="Varahaswamy Temple">Varahaswamy Temple, Tirumala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodandarama_Temple,_Vontimitta" title="Kodandarama Temple, Vontimitta">Vontimitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyana_Venkateswara_Temple,_Narayanavanam" title="Kalyana Venkateswara Temple, Narayanavanam">Narayanavanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanarayana_Temple,_Nagalapuram" title="Vedanarayana Temple, Nagalapuram">Nagalapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venugopalaswamy_Temple,_Karvetinagaram" title="Venugopalaswamy Temple, Karvetinagaram">Karvetinagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konetirayala_Temple,_Keelapatla" title="Konetirayala Temple, Keelapatla">Keelapatla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurmanathaswamy_temple,_Srikurmam" title="Kurmanathaswamy temple, Srikurmam">Srikurmam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Vishnu" title="Andhra Vishnu">Srikakula Andhra Mahavishnu Temple</a></li> <li>Ranganatha Temple, Nellore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodandarama_Temple,_Gollala_Mamidada" title="Kodandarama Temple, Gollala Mamidada">Gollala Mamidada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha_Konda" title="Narasimha Konda">Narasimha Konda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penchalakona" title="Penchalakona">Penchalakona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavanarayana_Temple,_Bapatla" title="Bhavanarayana Temple, Bapatla">Bapatla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chintalarayaswami_Temple" title="Chintalarayaswami Temple">Chintalarayaswami Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Narasimha_Temple,_Antarvedi" title="Lakshmi Narasimha Temple, Antarvedi">Antarvedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramateertham" title="Ramateertham">Ramateertham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabham" title="Padmanabham">Padmanabham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodandarama_Temple,_Buchireddipalem" title="Kodandarama Temple, Buchireddipalem">Buchireddipalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koulutla_Chenna_Kesava_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Koulutla Chenna Kesava Temple">Koulutla Chenna Kesava Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narapura_Venkateswara_Temple,_Jammalamadugu" title="Narapura Venkateswara Temple, Jammalamadugu">Jammalamadugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikuntanatha_Temple,_Therani" title="Vaikuntanatha Temple, Therani">Therani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srungara_Vallabha_Swamy_Temple" title="Srungara Vallabha Swamy Temple">Tholi Tirupati</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishnupad_Temple,_Gaya" title="Vishnupad Temple, Gaya">Vishnupad Temple, Gaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwarkadhish_Temple" title="Dwarkadhish Temple">Dwarka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranganathaswamy_Temple,_Shivanasamudra" title="Ranganathaswamy Temple, Shivanasamudra">Shivanasamudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranganathaswamy_Temple,_Srirangapatna" title="Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangapatna">Srirangapatna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udupi_Sri_Krishna_Matha" title="Udupi Sri Krishna Matha">Udupi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melukote" title="Melukote">Melukote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devarayanadurga" title="Devarayanadurga">Devarayanadurga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabhaswamy_Temple" title="Padmanabhaswamy Temple">Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrikkakara_Temple" title="Thrikkakara Temple">Thirukatkarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirumoozhikkulam_Lakshmana_Perumal_Temple" title="Thirumoozhikkulam Lakshmana Perumal Temple">Moozhikkalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sreevallabha_Temple" title="Sreevallabha Temple">Tiruvalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrikodithanam_Mahavishnu_Temple" title="Thrikodithanam Mahavishnu Temple">Thirukadithanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrichittatt_Maha_Vishnu_Temple" title="Thrichittatt Maha Vishnu Temple">Sengunroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puliyur_Mahavishnu_Temple" title="Puliyur Mahavishnu Temple">Thiruppuliyoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranmula_Parthasarathy_Temple" title="Aranmula Parthasarathy Temple">Thiruvaaranvilai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvanvandoor_Mahavishnu_Temple" title="Thiruvanvandoor Mahavishnu Temple">Thiruvanvandoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirunavaya_Navamukunda_Temple" title="Thirunavaya Navamukunda Temple">Thirunavaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirumittakode_Anchumoorthi_Temple" title="Thirumittakode Anchumoorthi Temple">Viththuvakkodu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayur_Temple" title="Guruvayur Temple">Guruvayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha_Sree_Krishna_Swamy_Temple" title="Ambalappuzha Sree Krishna Swamy Temple">Ambalappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sree_Poornathrayeesa_Temple" title="Sree Poornathrayeesa Temple">Tripunithura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirunelli_Temple" title="Thirunelli Temple">Thirunelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janardanaswamy_Temple" title="Janardanaswamy Temple">Varkala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Vithoba_Temple" title="Vithoba Temple">Pandharpur</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baraha_Kshetra" title="Baraha Kshetra">Baraha Kshetra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnupaduka_(shrine)" title="Bishnupaduka (shrine)">Bishnupaduka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muktinath" title="Muktinath">Muktinath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath_Temple,_Puri" title="Jagannath Temple, Puri">Puri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sathyamurthi_Perumal_Temple" title="Sathyamurthi Perumal Temple">Thirumeyyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sowmya_Narayana_Perumal_temple" title="Sowmya Narayana Perumal temple">Thirukoshtiyur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koodal_Azhagar_Temple" title="Koodal Azhagar Temple">Koodal Azhagar Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallalagar_Temple" title="Kallalagar Temple">Azhagar Kovil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirumohoor_Kalamegaperumal_temple" title="Thirumohoor Kalamegaperumal temple">Tirumogoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivilliputhur_Andal_Temple" title="Srivilliputhur Andal Temple">Srivilliputhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninra_Narayana_Perumal_temple" title="Ninra Narayana Perumal temple">Tiruththangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Jagannatha_Perumal_Temple" title="Adi Jagannatha Perumal Temple">Thiruppullani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varadharaja_Perumal_Temple,_Kanchipuram" title="Varadharaja Perumal Temple, Kanchipuram">Tirukkacchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtabujakaram" title="Ashtabujakaram">Ashtabujakaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yathothkari_Perumal_Temple" title="Yathothkari Perumal Temple">Tiruvekkaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruththanka" title="Tiruththanka">Tiruththanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruvelukkai" title="Tiruvelukkai">Tiruvelukkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamakshi_Amman_Temple" title="Kamakshi Amman Temple">Tirukalvanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulagalantha_Perumal_Temple,_Kanchipuram" title="Ulagalantha Perumal Temple, Kanchipuram">Tiru oorakam, Tiru neeragam, Tiru kaaragam, Tirukaarvaanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiru_Parameswara_Vinnagaram" title="Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram">Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavalavannam_Temple" title="Pavalavannam Temple">Pavalavannam Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandava_Thoothar_Perumal_Temple" title="Pandava Thoothar Perumal Temple">Pandava Thoothar Perumal Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilathingal_Thundam_Perumal_temple" title="Nilathingal Thundam Perumal temple">Nilathingal Thundam Perumal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruputkuzhi" title="Thiruputkuzhi">Thiruputkuzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthasarathy_Temple,_Chennai" title="Parthasarathy Temple, Chennai">Thiruvallikeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruneermalai_(temple_complex)" title="Thiruneermalai (temple complex)">Thiruneermalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nithyakalyana_Perumal_temple" title="Nithyakalyana Perumal temple">Thiruvidandai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukadalmallai" title="Thirukadalmallai">Thirukadalmallai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktavatsala_Perumal_Temple,_Thirunindravur" title="Bhaktavatsala Perumal Temple, Thirunindravur">Thiruninravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeraraghava_Swamy_Temple" title="Veeraraghava Swamy Temple">Thiruvallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukkadigai" title="Thirukkadigai">Thirukkadigai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devaadi_Raja_Perumal_temple" title="Devaadi Raja Perumal temple">Thiruvazhunthoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parimala_Ranganatha_Perumal_Temple" title="Parimala Ranganatha Perumal Temple">Thiruindaloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazheesirama_Vinnagaram" title="Kazheesirama Vinnagaram">Kazheesirama Vinnagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukkavalampadi" title="Thirukkavalampadi">Thirukkavalampadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruchsemponsey" title="Thiruchsemponsey">Thiruchsemponsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruarimeya_Vinnagaram" title="Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram">Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvanpurushothamam" title="Thiruvanpurushothamam">Thiruvanpurushothamam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvaikunda_Vinnagaram" title="Thiruvaikunda Vinnagaram">Thiruvaikunda Vinnagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirumanimadam" title="Thirumanimadam">Thirumanimadam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruthevanartthogai" title="Thiruthevanartthogai">Thiruthevanartthogai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruthetriyambalam" title="Thiruthetriyambalam">Thiruthetriyambalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirumanikkoodam" title="Thirumanikkoodam">Thirumanikkoodam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvellakkulam" title="Thiruvellakkulam">Thiruvellakkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruppaarththanpalli" title="Thiruppaarththanpalli">Thiruppaarththanpalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalai_Sanga_Nanmathiyam" title="Thalai Sanga Nanmathiyam">Thalai Sanga Nanmathiyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sthalasayana_Perumal_Temple,_Tirusirupuliyur" title="Sthalasayana Perumal Temple, Tirusirupuliyur">Thiruchsirupuliyur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvali-Thirunagari" title="Thiruvali-Thirunagari">Thiruvali-Thirunagari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja_Temple,_Chidambaram#Sri_Govindaraja_Swamy_Shrine" title="Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram">Thiruccithra kootam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loganatha_Perumal_Temple" title="Loganatha Perumal Temple">Thirukkannangudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundararajaperumal_Temple,_Nagapattinam" title="Soundararajaperumal Temple, Nagapattinam">Thirunagai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanjai_Mamani_Koil" title="Thanjai Mamani Koil">Thiru Thanjai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulagalantha_Perumal_Temple,_Tirukoyilur" title="Ulagalantha Perumal Temple, Tirukoyilur">Tirukkoilur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakath_Rakshaka_Perumal_temple" title="Jakath Rakshaka Perumal temple">Thirukkoodaloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajendra_Varadha_Temple" title="Gajendra Varadha Temple">Thiru Kavith Thalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiru_Aadanoor_Temple" title="Thiru Aadanoor Temple">Thiru Adhanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirupullabhoothangudi_Temple" title="Thirupullabhoothangudi Temple">Thirupullabhoothangudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangapani_Temple" title="Sarangapani Temple">Thirukkudandhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saranathan_Temple" title="Saranathan Temple">Tirucherai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Kovil" title="Nathan Kovil">Thirunandipura Vinnagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachiyar_Koil" class="mw-redirect" title="Nachiyar Koil">ThiruNaraiyoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppiliappan_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Oppiliappan temple">Thiruvinnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kola_Valvill_Ramar_Temple,_Tiruvelliyangudi" title="Kola Valvill Ramar Temple, Tiruvelliyangudi">Thiruvelliyangudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktavatsala_Perumal_temple,_Tirukannamangai" title="Bhaktavatsala Perumal temple, Tirukannamangai">Thirukkanamangai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neelamegha_Perumal_Temple" title="Neelamegha Perumal Temple">Thirukkkannapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hara_Saabha_Vimocchana_Perumal_Temple" title="Hara Saabha Vimocchana Perumal Temple">Thirukkandiyur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranganathaswamy_Temple,_Srirangam" title="Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam">Srirangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azhagiya_Manavala_Perumal_Temple" title="Azhagiya Manavala Perumal Temple">Thirukkozhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthamar_Kovil" title="Uthamar Kovil">Thirukkarambanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pundarikakshan_Perumal_Temple" title="Pundarikakshan Perumal Temple">Thiruvellarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundararaja_Perumal_temple,_Tiruchirapalli" title="Sundararaja Perumal temple, Tiruchirapalli">Tiruchirapalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appakkudathaan_Perumal_Temple" title="Appakkudathaan Perumal Temple">Thirupper Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devanathaswamy_temple,_Thiruvanthipuram" title="Devanathaswamy temple, Thiruvanthipuram">Thiruvanthipuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanamamalai_Perumal_Temple" title="Vanamamalai Perumal Temple">Thiruvaramangai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava_Nambi_and_Thirukurungudivalli_Nachiar_temple" title="Vaishnava Nambi and Thirukurungudivalli Nachiar temple">Thirukkurungudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivaikuntanathan_Permual_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Srivaikuntanathan Permual Temple">Srivaikundam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvaragunamangai_Perumal_Temple" title="Thiruvaragunamangai Perumal Temple">Thiruvaragunamangai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirupuliyangudi_Perumal_Temple" title="Thirupuliyangudi Perumal Temple">Thiruppulingudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwarthirunagari_Permual_Temple" title="Alwarthirunagari Permual Temple">Thirukkurugoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irattai_Thiruppathy" title="Irattai Thiruppathy">Thirutthulaivillimangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaithamanidhi_Perumal_Temple" title="Vaithamanidhi Perumal Temple">Thirukkoloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasa_Perumal_Temple,_Tirukulandhai" title="Srinivasa Perumal Temple, Tirukulandhai">Tirukulandhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makara_Nedunkuzhaikathar_Temple" title="Makara Nedunkuzhaikathar Temple">Thentirupperai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adikesava_Perumal_Temple,_Kanyakumari" title="Adikesava Perumal Temple, Kanyakumari">Thiruvattaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvazhmarban_temple" title="Thiruvazhmarban temple">Thiruvanparisaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasanna_Venkatachalapathy_Temple" title="Prasanna Venkatachalapathy Temple">Gunaseelam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sita_Ramachandraswamy_Temple,_Bhadrachalam" title="Sita Ramachandraswamy Temple, Bhadrachalam">Bhadrachalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lakshmi_Narasimha_Swamy_Temple,_Yadadri" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple, Yadadri">Yadadri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchadri_Venkateshwara_Swamy_Temple" title="Kuchadri Venkateshwara Swamy Temple">Kuchadri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birla_Mandir,_Hyderabad" title="Birla Mandir, Hyderabad">Birla Mandir, Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogananda_Lakshmi_Narasimha_Swamy_Temple" title="Yogananda Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple">Mattapalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Narasimha_Temple,_Dharmapuri" title="Lakshmi Narasimha Temple, Dharmapuri">Dharmapuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Naimishnath_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Naimishnath Temple">Naimisaranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmasthan_Temple_Complex" title="Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex">Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navamohana_Krishna_Temple" title="Navamohana Krishna Temple">Gokul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Janmabhoomi" title="Ram Janmabhoomi">Ayodhya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raghunathji_Temple,_Devprayag" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghunathji Temple, Devprayag">Devprayag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotir_Math" title="Jyotir Math">Thiruppirithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badrinath_Temple" title="Badrinath Temple">Badrinath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnuprayag" title="Vishnuprayag">Vishnuprayag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panch_Prayag" title="Panch Prayag">Panch Prayag</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFC569;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pancharanga_Kshetrams" title="Pancharanga Kshetrams">Pancharanga Kshetrams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Uttar_Pradesh537" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Uttar_Pradesh" title="Template:Uttar Pradesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Uttar_Pradesh" title="Template talk:Uttar Pradesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Uttar_Pradesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Uttar Pradesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Uttar_Pradesh537" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Uttar_Pradesh" title="Category:Uttar Pradesh">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="History of Uttar Pradesh">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Geography of Uttar Pradesh">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Government of Uttar Pradesh">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Economy of Uttar Pradesh">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Culture of Uttar Pradesh">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Architecture of Uttar Pradesh">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Tourism in Uttar Pradesh">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Demographics of Uttar Pradesh">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Education in Uttar Pradesh">Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_administration" title="Public administration">Administration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Government of Uttar Pradesh">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly" title="Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Council" title="Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="List of chief ministers of Uttar Pradesh">Chief Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="List of governors of Uttar Pradesh">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allahabad_High_Court" title="Allahabad High Court">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_Police" title="Uttar Pradesh Police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Emblem of Uttar Pradesh">Emblem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awadh" title="Awadh">Awadh</a> (Central Uttar Pradesh)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purvanchal" title="Purvanchal">Purvanchal</a> (Eastern Uttar Pradesh)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Western Uttar Pradesh">Western Uttar Pradesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Administrative divisions of Uttar Pradesh">Divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agra_division" title="Agra division">Agra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligarh_division" title="Aligarh division">Aligarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya_division" title="Ayodhya division">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azamgarh_division" title="Azamgarh division">Azamgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareilly_division" title="Bareilly division">Bareilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basti_division" title="Basti division">Basti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitrakoot_division" title="Chitrakoot division">Chitrakoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devipatan_division" title="Devipatan division">Devipatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur_division" title="Gorakhpur division">Gorakhpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhansi_division" title="Jhansi division">Jhansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpur_division" title="Kanpur division">Kanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_division" title="Lucknow division">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meerut_division" title="Meerut division">Meerut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirzapur_division" title="Mirzapur division">Mirzapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moradabad_division" title="Moradabad division">Moradabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayagraj_division" title="Prayagraj division">Prayagraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saharanpur_division" title="Saharanpur division">Saharanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varanasi_division" title="Varanasi division">Varanasi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="List of districts of Uttar Pradesh">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agra_district" title="Agra district">Agra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligarh_district" title="Aligarh district">Aligarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya_district" title="Ayodhya district">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambedkar_Nagar_district" title="Ambedkar Nagar district">Ambedkar Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amethi_district" title="Amethi district">Amethi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amroha_district" title="Amroha district">Amroha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auraiya_district" title="Auraiya district">Auraiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azamgarh_district" title="Azamgarh district">Azamgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagpat_district" title="Bagpat district">Bagpat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahraich_district" title="Bahraich district">Bahraich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballia_district" title="Ballia district">Ballia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balrampur_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh">Balrampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_district,_India" title="Banda district, India">Banda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barabanki_district" title="Barabanki district">Barabanki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareilly_district" title="Bareilly district">Bareilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basti_district" title="Basti district">Basti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadohi_district" title="Bhadohi district">Bhadohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijnor_district" title="Bijnor district">Bijnor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budaun_district" title="Budaun district">Budaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulandshahr_district" title="Bulandshahr district">Bulandshahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandauli_district" title="Chandauli district">Chandauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitrakoot_district" title="Chitrakoot district">Chitrakoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deoria_district" title="Deoria district">Devaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etah_district" title="Etah district">Etah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etawah_district" title="Etawah district">Etawah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farrukhabad_district" title="Farrukhabad district">Farrukhabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatehpur_district" title="Fatehpur district">Fatehpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firozabad_district" title="Firozabad district">Firozabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautam_Buddha_Nagar_district" title="Gautam Buddha Nagar district">Gautam Buddha Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaziabad_district" title="Ghaziabad district">Ghaziabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazipur_district" title="Ghazipur district">Ghazipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonda_district" title="Gonda district">Gonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur_district" title="Gorakhpur district">Gorakhpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamirpur_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Hamirpur district, Uttar Pradesh">Hamirpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardoi_district" title="Hardoi district">Hardoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathras_district" title="Hathras district">Hathras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalaun_district" title="Jalaun district">Jalaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaunpur_district" title="Jaunpur district">Jaunpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhansi_district" title="Jhansi district">Jhansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannauj_district" title="Kannauj district">Kannauj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpur_Dehat_district" title="Kanpur Dehat district">Kanpur Dehat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpur_Nagar_district" title="Kanpur Nagar district">Kanpur Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasganj_district" title="Kasganj district">Kasganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaushambi_district" title="Kaushambi district">Kaushambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushinagar_district" title="Kushinagar district">Kushinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhimpur_Kheri_district" title="Lakhimpur Kheri district">Lakhimpur Kheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalitpur_district,_India" title="Lalitpur district, India">Lalitpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_district" title="Lucknow district">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharajganj_district" title="Maharajganj district">Maharajganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoba_district" title="Mahoba district">Mahoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainpuri_district" title="Mainpuri district">Mainpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathura_district" title="Mathura district">Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mau_district" title="Mau district">Mau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meerut_district" title="Meerut district">Meerut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirzapur_district" title="Mirzapur district">Mirzapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moradabad_district" title="Moradabad district">Moradabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzaffarnagar_district" title="Muzaffarnagar district">Muzaffarnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilibhit_district" title="Pilibhit district">Pilibhit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratapgarh_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh">Pratapgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayagraj_district" title="Prayagraj district">Prayagraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raebareli_district" title="Raebareli district">Raebareli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rampur_district" title="Rampur district">Rampur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saharanpur_district" title="Saharanpur district">Saharanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambhal_district" title="Sambhal district">Sambhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Kabir_Nagar_district" title="Sant Kabir Nagar district">Sant Kabir Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahjahanpur_district" title="Shahjahanpur district">Shahjahanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamli_district" title="Shamli district">Shamli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shravasti_district" title="Shravasti district">Shravasti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddharthnagar_district" title="Siddharthnagar district">Siddharthnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitapur_district" title="Sitapur district">Sitapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonbhadra_district" title="Sonbhadra district">Sonbhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanpur_district" title="Sultanpur district">Sultanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnao_district" title="Unnao district">Unnao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varanasi_district" title="Varanasi district">Varanasi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Uttar_Pradesh_by_population" title="List of cities in Uttar Pradesh by population">Major cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligarh" title="Aligarh">Aligarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayodhya" title="Ayodhya">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareilly" title="Bareilly">Bareilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaziabad" title="Ghaziabad">Ghaziabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur" title="Gorakhpur">Gorakhpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhansi" title="Jhansi">Jhansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mathura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meerut" title="Meerut">Meerut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moradabad" title="Moradabad">Moradabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saharanpur" title="Saharanpur">Saharanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varanasi" title="Varanasi">Varanasi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhkatiya_Kala_Khas" title="Adhkatiya Kala Khas">Adhkatiya Kala Khas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aharak" title="Aharak">Aharak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahiran,_Pindra" title="Ahiran, Pindra">Ahiran, Pindra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahirani,_Pindra" title="Ahirani, Pindra">Ahirani, Pindra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aily" title="Aily">Aily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aitha" title="Aitha">Aitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajaipur" title="Ajaipur">Ajaipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhari" title="Akhari">Akhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akorha" title="Akorha">Akorha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaut" title="Amaut">Amaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amawar" title="Amawar">Amawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amilo,_Varanasi" title="Amilo, Varanasi">Amilo, Varanasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Araji_Line" title="Araji Line">Araji Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babhanpura" title="Babhanpura">Babhanpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghirua" title="Baghirua">Baghirua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baliakheri" title="Baliakheri">Baliakheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhelupur,_Varanasi" title="Bhelupur, Varanasi">Bhelupura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadpur" title="Chadpur">Chadpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabethuwa" title="Dabethuwa">Dabethuwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deorai" title="Deorai">Deorai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eshipur" title="Eshipur">Eshipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harora_Aht." title="Harora Aht.">Harora Aht.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harora_Must." title="Harora Must.">Harora Must.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jafarabad,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Jafarabad, Uttar Pradesh">Jafarabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janakpatti" title="Janakpatti">Janakpatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayapur" title="Jayapur">Jayapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathiraon" title="Kathiraon">Kathiraon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanzadipur" title="Khanzadipur">Khanzadipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuri,_Varanasi" title="Kuri, Varanasi">Kuri, Varanasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamhi" title="Lamhi">Lamhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdiganj" title="Mehdiganj">Mehdiganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoolpur" title="Phoolpur">Phoolpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunathpur,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Raghunathpur, Uttar Pradesh">Raghunathpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajesultanpur" title="Rajesultanpur">Rajesultanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifai" title="Saifai">Saifai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tisaura" title="Tisaura">Tisaura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyaspur" title="Vyaspur">Vyaspur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200311#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata957" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200311#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata957" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200311#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/134886208">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1218679/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjtTCTtgJvRdqjvFxMcfhd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4100628-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82030875">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559749305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/59931">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mathura&oldid=1281505291">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mathura&oldid=1281505291</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mathura" title="Category:Mathura">Mathura</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_holy_cities" title="Category:Hindu holy cities">Hindu holy cities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Category:Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Hindu pilgrimage sites in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buddhist_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Category:Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India">Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_and_towns_in_Mathura_district" title="Category:Cities and towns in Mathura district">Cities and towns in Mathura district</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_capital_cities_in_India" title="Category:Former capital cities in India">Former capital cities in India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Category:Cities in Uttar Pradesh">Cities in Uttar Pradesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Locations_in_Hindu_mythology" title="Category:Locations in Hindu mythology">Locations in Hindu mythology</a></li><li><a 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