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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ukazatele_plodnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukazatele_plodnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ukazatele plodnosti</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ukazatele_plodnosti-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Ukazatele plodnosti</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ukazatele_plodnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Obecná_míra_plodnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obecná_míra_plodnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Obecná míra plodnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obecná_míra_plodnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Index_plodnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Index_plodnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Index plodnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Index_plodnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Míra_plodnosti_podle_věku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Míra_plodnosti_podle_věku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Míra plodnosti podle věku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Míra_plodnosti_podle_věku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Úhrnná_plodnost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Úhrnná_plodnost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Úhrnná plodnost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Úhrnná_plodnost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plodnost_v_Česku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plodnost_v_Česku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Plodnost v Česku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plodnost_v_Česku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Plodnost</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 56 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrugbaarheid" title="Vrugbaarheid – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vrugbaarheid" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruchtbarkeit" title="Fruchtbarkeit – němčina (Švýcarsko)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Fruchtbarkeit" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="němčina (Švýcarsko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A9_(%D8%B7%D8%A8)" title="خصوبة (طب) – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خصوبة (طب)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilid%C3%A1" title="Fertilidá – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fertilidá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="دوغورقانلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دوغورقانلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83_%D2%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Бала табыу һәләте – baškirština" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бала табыу һәләте" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Фертилност – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фертилност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="প্রজনন ক্ষমতা – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রজনন ক্ষমতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plodnost_(biologija)" title="Plodnost (biologija) – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Plodnost (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilitat" title="Fertilitat – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fertilitat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frugtbarhed" title="Frugtbarhed – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frugtbarhed" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruchtbarkeit" title="Fruchtbarkeit – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fruchtbarkeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Γονιμότητα – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γονιμότητα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertility" title="Fertility – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fertility" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fekundeco" title="Fekundeco – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fekundeco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilidad" title="Fertilidad – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fertilidad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertiilsus" title="Fertiilsus – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fertiilsus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugalkortasun" title="Ugalkortasun – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ugalkortasun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="باروری – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باروری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedelm%C3%A4llisyys" title="Hedelmällisyys – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hedelmällisyys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilit%C3%A9" title="Fertilité – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fertilité" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilidade" title="Fertilidade – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fertilidade" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_(%D7%91%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94)" title="פוריות (ביולוגיה) – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פוריות (ביולוגיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plodnost" title="Plodnost – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Plodnost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesuburan" title="Kesuburan – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kesuburan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilit%C3%A0" title="Fertilità – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fertilità" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E7%94%9F%E5%8A%9B" title="出生力 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="出生力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ნაყოფიერება – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნაყოფიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Фертильдік – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фертильдік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EC%8B%9D%EB%A0%A5" title="생식력 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생식력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilitas" title="Fertilitas – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fertilitas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaisingumas" title="Vaisingumas – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vaisingumas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesuburan" title="Kesuburan – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kesuburan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="प्रजनन क्षमता – nepálština" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्रजनन क्षमता" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menselijke_vruchtbaarheid" title="Menselijke vruchtbaarheid – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Menselijke vruchtbaarheid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B8derikdom" title="Grøderikdom – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Grøderikdom" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilitet" title="Fertilitet – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fertilitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B3%E0%AC%BE_%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%A8_%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE" title="ମହିଳା ପ୍ରଜନନ କ୍ଷମତା – urijština" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମହିଳା ପ୍ରଜନନ କ୍ଷମତା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="urijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BE" title="ਜਣਨ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਣਨ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%82odno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Płodność – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Płodność" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilidade" title="Fertilidade – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fertilidade" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraywa" title="Miraywa – kečuánština" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Miraywa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Фертильность – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фертильность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firtilitati" title="Firtilitati – sicilština" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Firtilitati" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilitet" title="Fertilitet – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fertilitet" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertility" title="Fertility – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fertility" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertiliteti" title="Fertiliteti – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fertiliteti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Фертилитет – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фертилитет" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilitet" title="Fertilitet – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fertilitet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கருவளம் – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கருவளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%C4%9Furganl%C4%B1k" title="Doğurganlık – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Doğurganlık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Фертильність – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фертильність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertillik" title="Fertillik – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fertillik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BA%A3_n%C4%83ng_sinh_s%E1%BA%A3n" title="Khả năng sinh sản – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khả năng sinh sản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E8%83%BD%E5%8A%9B" title="生育能力 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="生育能力" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E9%A4%8A" title="生養 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="生養" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q964401#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Plodnost" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Plodnost" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Plodnost"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Plodnost"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Plodnost" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Plodnost" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&oldid=24251174" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Citovat&page=Plodnost&id=24251174&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informace o tom, jak citovat tuto stránku"><span>Citovat stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPlodnost%23%C3%9Ahrnn%C3%A1_plodnost"><span>Získat zkrácené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPlodnost%23%C3%9Ahrnn%C3%A1_plodnost"><span>Stáhnout QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Plodnost"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Plodnost&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fertility" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Plodnost" hreflang="cs"><span>Wikicitáty</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q964401" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(přesměrováno z <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Ahrnn%C3%A1_plodnost&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Úhrnná plodnost">Úhrnná plodnost</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote noprint">Tento článek je o demografickém ukazateli. Další významy jsou uvedeny na stránce <a href="/wiki/Plodnost_(rozcestn%C3%ADk)" class="mw-disambig" title="Plodnost (rozcestník)">Plodnost (rozcestník)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Fertility_rate_world_map_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Fertility_rate_world_map_2.png/220px-Fertility_rate_world_map_2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Fertility_rate_world_map_2.png/330px-Fertility_rate_world_map_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Fertility_rate_world_map_2.png/440px-Fertility_rate_world_map_2.png 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption>Úhrnná plodnost v různých zemích světa</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Plodnost</b> (<b>fertilita</b>) je <a href="/wiki/Demografie" title="Demografie">demografický</a> <a href="/wiki/Demografick%C3%BD_ukazatel" class="mw-redirect" title="Demografický ukazatel">ukazatel</a> vyjadřující průměrný počet potomků na jednu <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDena" title="Žena">ženu</a> (někdy zaměňováno s <a href="/wiki/Porodnost" title="Porodnost">natalitou</a>). Za hraniční hodnotu potřebnou k zachování populace se obvykle považuje hodnota 2,1 potomků na jednu ženu.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ukazatele_plodnosti">Ukazatele plodnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Ukazatele plodnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Ukazatele plodnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Obecná_míra_plodnosti"><span id="Obecn.C3.A1_m.C3.ADra_plodnosti"></span>Obecná míra plodnosti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Obecná míra plodnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Obecná míra plodnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Obecná míra plodnosti (<i>f</i>): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f={\frac {N^{\rm {v}}}{P_{15{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>15</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mn>49</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>1000</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f={\frac {N^{\rm {v}}}{P_{15{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f4cb438aa335376bcdd5cf9c8a6c2393a2b80e22" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.505ex; width:17.833ex; height:6.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f={\frac {N^{\rm {v}}}{P_{15{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}"></span>,</dd></dl> <p>kde </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N^{\rm {v}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N^{\rm {v}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/685c99a04d9f75ddb8fe684d033c9684319c4fee" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.223ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N^{\rm {v}}}"></span> je počet živě narozených dětí,</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P_{15{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>15</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mn>49</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P_{15{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cd63fcc98f93de63968755fb6a1cbd8c73ba6436" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:6.291ex; height:3.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P_{15{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"></span> je počet žen v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reproduk%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_v%C4%9Bk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reprodukční věk (stránka neexistuje)">reprodukčním věku</a> (15–49 let), vztažený ke <a href="/w/index.php?title=St%C5%99edn%C3%AD_stav_obyvatelstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Střední stav obyvatelstva (stránka neexistuje)">střednímu stavu obyvatelstva</a>, tj. k <a href="/wiki/1._%C4%8Dervenec" title="1. červenec">1. červenci</a> daného roku.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Index_plodnosti">Index plodnosti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Index plodnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Index plodnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Index plodnosti (<i>ip</i>) nahrazuje obecnou míru plodnosti v oblastech s neúplnou evidencí živě narozených (převážně v chudších afrických a asijských zemích). Na rozdíl od předchozích ukazatelů se udává v <a href="/wiki/Procento" title="Procento">procentech</a>. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle ip={\frac {N^{0{-}4}}{P_{20{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 100}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>20</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mn>49</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>100</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle ip={\frac {N^{0{-}4}}{P_{20{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 100}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f3a589eaee4b8effb291fa75d277de2becb89a7b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.505ex; width:17.364ex; height:7.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle ip={\frac {N^{0{-}4}}{P_{20{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 100}"></span>,</dd></dl> <p>kde </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N^{0{-}4}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N^{0{-}4}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7581e637221b4463a06bbc5830c62c49d1a6028a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.278ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N^{0{-}4}}"></span> je počet dětí ve věku 0–4 roky,</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P_{20{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>20</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mn>49</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P_{20{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/396f026c4cad65275ee11c3ff0df5bb5c09c6ab8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:6.291ex; height:3.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P_{20{-}49}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"></span> je počet žen ve věku 15–44, popřípadě 20–49 let. (Věkový posun je dán právě intervalem věku dětí.)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Míra_plodnosti_podle_věku"><span id="M.C3.ADra_plodnosti_podle_v.C4.9Bku"></span>Míra plodnosti podle věku</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Míra plodnosti podle věku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Míra plodnosti podle věku"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Mira_plodnosti_CR_2003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mira_plodnosti_CR_2003.jpg/220px-Mira_plodnosti_CR_2003.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mira_plodnosti_CR_2003.jpg/330px-Mira_plodnosti_CR_2003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mira_plodnosti_CR_2003.jpg/440px-Mira_plodnosti_CR_2003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1251" data-file-height="777" /></a><figcaption>Křivka měr plodnosti podle věku pro ČR v roce <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Míra plodnosti podle věku (<i>f<sub>x</sub></i>) se používá při analýze změn plodnosti v závislosti na věku matek. Ukazatel udává počet živě narozených dětí na tisíc matek ve věku <i>x</i>. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f_{x}={\frac {N_{x}^{\rm {v}}}{P_{x}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>1000</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f_{x}={\frac {N_{x}^{\rm {v}}}{P_{x}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/90bb41ace18402d8818350d7063394fb0b671cb6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:15.798ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f_{x}={\frac {N_{x}^{\rm {v}}}{P_{x}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}"></span>,</dd></dl> <p>kde </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N_{x}^{\rm {v}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N_{x}^{\rm {v}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/53bb7b95cedf15f120adcfb1be9d427b3d9b5ac2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.223ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N_{x}^{\rm {v}}}"></span> je počet živě narozených dětí matkám ve věku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}"></span>,</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P_{x}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P_{x}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3dc8fd3077c4ded3ebb79cc84ee7c5bf134cd98f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.876ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P_{x}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"></span> je <a href="/w/index.php?title=St%C5%99edn%C3%AD_stav_obyvatelstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Střední stav obyvatelstva (stránka neexistuje)">střední stav obyvatelstva</a> žen ve věku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}"></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Úhrnná_plodnost"><span id=".C3.9Ahrnn.C3.A1_plodnost"></span>Úhrnná plodnost</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Úhrnná plodnost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Úhrnná plodnost"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Úhrnná plodnost (<i>úp</i>) představuje jeden z hlavních ukazatelů plodnosti, jedná se o součet měr plodnosti podle věku, a vyjadřuje tedy intenzitu plodnosti celé populace. Její hodnota popisuje průměrný počet dětí narozených jedné ženě během jejího života za předpokladu, že by se obecná míra plodnosti podle věku během reprodukčního období ženy neměnila. Úhrnná plodnost je sumou obecných měr plodnosti podle věku (<i>f<sub>x</sub></i>) v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transverz%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_pojet%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transverzální pojetí (stránka neexistuje)">transverzálním pojetí</a> – tj. obvykle v kalendářním roce. Nejedná se o součet <i>f<sub>x</sub></i> jedné generace (<a href="/wiki/Kohorta_(demografie)" title="Kohorta (demografie)">kohorty</a>), takovému ukazateli pak odpovídá konečná plodnost. </p><p>Obvykle se pracuje s věkovou skupinou žen ve věku 15–49 let, pokud to ovšem statistické údaje dovolují, započítávají se i ty ženy, které pořídily dítě i před 15. či po 49. roce věku. Vše je závislé na evidenci statistických údajů. </p><p>Úhrnná plodnost se udává opět v promile. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\acute {u}}p=\sum _{k=15}^{49}f_{k}=\sum _{k=15}^{49}{\frac {N_{k}^{\rm {v}}}{P_{k}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>u</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>49</mn> </mrow> </munderover> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>49</mn> </mrow> </munderover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>1000</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\acute {u}}p=\sum _{k=15}^{49}f_{k}=\sum _{k=15}^{49}{\frac {N_{k}^{\rm {v}}}{P_{k}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3488ee3f211d576869f83843b2fff639ad0afa1b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.338ex; width:29.644ex; height:7.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\acute {u}}p=\sum _{k=15}^{49}f_{k}=\sum _{k=15}^{49}{\frac {N_{k}^{\rm {v}}}{P_{k}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}}\cdot 1000}"></span>,</dd></dl> <p>kde </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N_{k}^{\rm {v}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">v</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N_{k}^{\rm {v}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d5c17654061509d8e6c289bee851f14b268a4ce4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:3.223ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N_{k}^{\rm {v}}}"></span> představuje živě narozené děti pro každou věkovou skupinu žen ve věku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3c9a2c7b599b37105512c5d570edc034056dd40" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k}"></span> (15–49 let),</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P_{k}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="normal">z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">ˇ</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P_{k}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/69369ca55b9679060a15c89be967ce9f687e03e2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.876ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P_{k}^{\rm {\check {z}}}}"></span> představuje populace jednotlivých věkových skupin žen ve věku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3c9a2c7b599b37105512c5d570edc034056dd40" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k}"></span> ke <a href="/w/index.php?title=St%C5%99edn%C3%AD_stav_obyvatelstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Střední stav obyvatelstva (stránka neexistuje)">střednímu stavu obyvatelstva</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plodnost_v_Česku"><span id="Plodnost_v_.C4.8Cesku"></span>Plodnost v Česku</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Plodnost v Česku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Plodnost v Česku"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote"> Podrobnější informace naleznete v článcích <a href="/wiki/Seznam_kraj%C5%AF_v_%C4%8Cesku_podle_plodnosti" class="mw-redirect" title="Seznam krajů v Česku podle plodnosti">Seznam krajů v Česku podle plodnosti</a> a <a href="/wiki/Obyvatelstvo_%C4%8Ceska" title="Obyvatelstvo Česka">Obyvatelstvo Česka</a>.</div> <p>V <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesko" title="Česko">Česku</a> a v mnoha okolních státech je v současné době plodnost hluboko pod hranicí zachování a má jednu z nejnižších hodnot mezi všemi státy světa.<sup>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Vyhn%C4%9Bte_se_vyh%C3%BDbav%C3%BDm_slov%C5%AFm" title="Wikipedie:Vyhněte se vyhýbavým slovům"><span class="doplnte-zdroj" title="Časové údobí tohoto údaje je nejasné">kdy?</span></a>]</sup> K velkému propadu došlo zejména těsně po <a href="/wiki/Sametov%C3%A1_revoluce" title="Sametová revoluce">sametové revoluci</a>. (Viz též <a href="/wiki/Demografick%C3%A1_revoluce" title="Demografická revoluce">Demografická revoluce</a>.). Při sčítání obyvatel v roce 2021 se však ukázalo zvýšení plodnosti na nejvyšší hodnotu od roku 1992 a patří tak v tomto roce k jedné z nejvyšších v rámci Evropské unie.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="noprint ambox labelced labelced-page plainlinks"> <div class="labelced_message"> <div class="labelced_message_inner"> <div class="labelced_message_text labelced_message_text-noimage ambox-text">Grafy jsou z technických důvodů dočasně nedostupné.</div> </div> </div> </div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Plodnost v Československu/Česku<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Rok </th> <td>1950</td> <td>1960</td> <td>1970</td> <td>1980</td> <td>1990</td> <td>1995</td> <td>2000</td> <td>2005</td> <td>2010</td> <td>2015</td> <td>2021</td> <td>2022 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Plodnost </th> <td>2,800</td> <td>2,114</td> <td>1,913</td> <td>2,096</td> <td>1,893</td> <td>1,278</td> <td>1,144</td> <td>1,146</td> <td>1,493</td> <td>1,570</td> <td>1,83</td> <td>1,64 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Výše porodnosti je též otázkou politickou, související též s nastavením <a href="/wiki/Da%C5%88" title="Daň">daňové</a> či <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_politika" title="Sociální politika">sociální politiky</a> státu. Mezi příčiny porevolučního propadu porodnosti tak lze podle některých názorů počítat tehdejší změny daňového systému, resp. snížení úrovně sociálních dávek pro rodiny s dětmi.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>V polovině zemí světa lidská plodnost pozoruhodně klesá, překvapilo vědce</i> [online]. Česká televize [cit. 2020-06-08]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/veda/2652962-v-polovine-zemi-sveta-lidska-plodnost-pozoruhodne-klesa-prekvapilo-vedce">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=V+polovin%C4%9B+zem%C3%AD+sv%C4%9Bta+lidsk%C3%A1+plodnost+pozoruhodn%C4%9B+kles%C3%A1%2C+p%C5%99ekvapilo+v%C4%9Bdce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fct24.ceskatelevize.cz%2Fveda%2F2652962-v-polovine-zemi-sveta-lidska-plodnost-pozoruhodne-klesa-prekvapilo-vedce&rft.pub=%C4%8Cesk%C3%A1+televize"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Úroveň plodnosti v Česku patřila loni k nejvyšším v EU. <i>Úroveň plodnosti v Česku patřila loni k nejvyšším v EU</i> [online]. [cit. 2022-12-15]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/uroven-plodnosti-v-cesku-patrila-loni-k-nejvyssim-v-eu">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=%C3%9Arove%C5%88+plodnosti+v+%C4%8Cesku+pat%C5%99ila+loni+k+nejvy%C5%A1%C5%A1%C3%ADm+v+EU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.czso.cz%2Fcsu%2Fczso%2Furoven-plodnosti-v-cesku-patrila-loni-k-nejvyssim-v-eu&rft.atitle=%C3%9Arove%C5%88+plodnosti+v+%C4%8Cesku+pat%C5%99ila+loni+k+nejvy%C5%A1%C5%A1%C3%ADm+v+EU"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_statistick%C3%BD_%C3%BA%C5%99ad" title="Český statistický úřad">Český statistický úřad</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/obyvatelstvo_hu"><i>Obyvatelstvo - roční časové řady</i></a>. Graf 3 Úhrnná plodnost a průměrný věk matek, 1920 – 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">HIRŠL, Miroslav. Příspěvky českého státu rodinám na náklady spojené s výchovou dětí. <i>Demografie: Revue pro výzkum populačního vývoje</i>. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_statistick%C3%BD_%C3%BA%C5%99ad" title="Český statistický úřad">Český statistický úřad</a>, říjen 2004, roč. 46, čís. 3, s. 166–176. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/demografie-revue-pro-vyzkum-populacniho-vyvoje-3-ctvrtleti-6qyazblago">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2019-05-31]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0011-8265">0011-8265</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Demografie%3A+Revue+pro+v%C3%BDzkum+popula%C4%8Dn%C3%ADho+v%C3%BDvoje&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.czso.cz%2Fcsu%2Fczso%2Fdemografie-revue-pro-vyzkum-populacniho-vyvoje-3-ctvrtleti-6qyazblago&rft.atitle=P%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky+%C4%8Desk%C3%A9ho+st%C3%A1tu+rodin%C3%A1m+na+n%C3%A1klady+spojen%C3%A9+s+v%C3%BDchovou+d%C4%9Bt%C3%AD&rft.date=%C5%99%C3%ADjen+2004&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=166%E2%80%93176&rft.issn=0011-8265&rft.aulast=Hir%C5%A1l&rft.aufirst=Miroslav&rft.pub=%5B%5B%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD+statistick%C3%BD+%C3%BA%C5%99ad%5D%5D"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fertility" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Fertility">plodnost</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wikiquote"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Téma </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Plodnost" class="extiw" title="q:Plodnost">Plodnost</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikicitátech</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/plodnost" class="extiw" title="wikt:plodnost">plodnost</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank.html">Státy světa seřazené dle plodnosti</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028133713/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank.html">Archivováno</a> 28. 10. 2009 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>. v <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a></i> (anglicky)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2127.html">Tabulka plodnosti - abecední seznam států světa</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130811191145/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2127.html">Archivováno</a> 11. 8. 2013 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Fyziologie rozmnožování"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a href="/wiki/Fyziologie" title="Fyziologie">Fyziologie</a> a endokrinologie <a href="/wiki/Pohlavn%C3%AD_rozmno%C5%BEov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Pohlavní rozmnožování">rozmnožování</a> člověka</span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Anatomie a fyziologie</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Rozmno%C5%BEovac%C3%AD_soustava" title="Rozmnožovací soustava">rozmnožovací soustava</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mu%C5%BEsk%C3%A1_rozmno%C5%BEovac%C3%AD_soustava" class="mw-redirect" title="Mužská rozmnožovací soustava">mužská</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDensk%C3%A1_rozmno%C5%BEovac%C3%AD_soustava" class="mw-redirect" title="Ženská rozmnožovací soustava">ženská</a>)</div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Menstrua%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_cyklus" title="Menstruační cyklus">Menstruačně</a>/<a href="/wiki/Estr%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_cyklus" title="Estrální cyklus">estrální cyklus</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Menstruace" title="Menstruace">menstruace</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Folikul%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_f%C3%A1ze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Folikulární fáze (stránka neexistuje)">folikulární fáze</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ovulace" title="Ovulace">ovulace</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lute%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_f%C3%A1ze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luteální fáze (stránka neexistuje)">luteální fáze</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Gametogeneze" title="Gametogeneze">Gametogeneze</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Spermatogeneze" title="Spermatogeneze">spermatogeneze</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Spermatogonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spermatogonie (stránka neexistuje)">spermatogonie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spermatocyt" title="Spermatocyt">spermatocyt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spermatida" title="Spermatida">spermatida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spermie" title="Spermie">spermie</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Vaj%C3%AD%C4%8Dko#Proces_ovogeneze" title="Vajíčko">oogeneze</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Oogonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oogonie (stránka neexistuje)">oogonie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oocyt" title="Oocyt">oocyt</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ootida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ootida (stránka neexistuje)">ootida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vaj%C3%AD%C4%8Dko" title="Vajíčko">vajíčko</a>) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C3%A1rode%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_bu%C5%88ka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zárodečná buňka (stránka neexistuje)">zárodečná buňka</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonocyt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonocyt (stránka neexistuje)">gonocyt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pohlavn%C3%AD_bu%C5%88ka" title="Pohlavní buňka">gameta</a>)</div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Sexualita</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Pohlavn%C3%AD_styk" title="Pohlavní styk">pohlavní styk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Erekce" title="Erekce">erekce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ejakulace" title="Ejakulace">ejakulace</a> • <a href="/wiki/Orgasmus" title="Orgasmus">orgasmus</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oplodn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD" title="Oplodnění">oplodnění</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">plodnost</a> • <a href="/wiki/Masturbace" title="Masturbace">masturbace</a> • <a href="/wiki/T%C4%9Bhotenstv%C3%AD" title="Těhotenství">těhotenství</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0estined%C4%9Bl%C3%AD" title="Šestinedělí">šestinedělí</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Život</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prenat%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_v%C3%BDvoj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prenatální vývoj (stránka neexistuje)">prenatální vývoj</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pohlavn%C3%AD_dimorfismus_u_lid%C3%AD" title="Pohlavní dimorfismus u lidí">pohlavní dimorfismus</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohlavn%C3%AD_diferenciace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pohlavní diferenciace (stránka neexistuje)">pohlavní diferenciace</a> • <a href="/wiki/Puberta" title="Puberta">puberta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Menarche" title="Menarche">menarche</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adrenarche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adrenarche (stránka neexistuje)">adrenarche</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Klimakterium" title="Klimakterium">klimakterium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Menopauza" title="Menopauza">menopauza</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andropauza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andropauza (stránka neexistuje)">andropauza</a>)</div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Reproduk%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_technologie" title="Reprodukční technologie">Reprodukční technologie</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Asistovan%C3%A1_reprodukce" title="Asistovaná reprodukce">asistovaná reprodukce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Klonov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Klonování">klonování</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Embryov%C3%BD_test&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Embryový test (stránka neexistuje)">embryový test</a> • <a href="/wiki/Embryotransfer" title="Embryotransfer">embryotransfer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Genetick%C3%A9_in%C5%BEen%C3%BDrstv%C3%AD" title="Genetické inženýrství">genetické inženýrství</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormon%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_l%C3%A9%C4%8Dba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hormonální léčba (stránka neexistuje)">hormonální léčba</a> • <a href="/wiki/Preimplanta%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_genetick%C3%A1_diagnostika" title="Preimplantační genetická diagnostika">preimplantační genetická diagnostika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Antikoncepce" title="Antikoncepce">antikoncepce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Inseminace" title="Inseminace">inseminace</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Odb%C4%9Br_spermatu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odběr spermatu (stránka neexistuje)">odběr spermatu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oplodn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD_ve_zkumavce" title="Oplodnění ve zkumavce">oplodnění ve zkumavce</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> 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title="Francouzská národní knihovna">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11935544p">cb11935544p</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11935544p">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Historick%C3%BD_lexikon_%C5%A0v%C3%BDcarska" title="Historický lexikon Švýcarska">HDS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/011011">011011</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85047895">sh85047895</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_Izraele" title="Národní knihovna Izraele">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007529121505171">987007529121505171</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Citováno z „<a dir="ltr" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&oldid=24251174#Úhrnná_plodnost">https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plodnost&oldid=24251174#Úhrnná_plodnost</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Kategorie" title="Nápověda:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Demografick%C3%A9_ukazatele" title="Kategorie:Demografické ukazatele">Demografické 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