CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "bioguide.congress.gov",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '8e85c367d8536033',cH: 'cxzfwM8RHSLdSuxMlnYAnsZ9qoANQH.m.dG9ofbz1GU-1732580957-1.2.1.1-gSqFfQWXItqbZpnXIDaaUzcazj3k.tazLhTnyVKB_7JuvjTfJ1fGf9.bg5p7qsSW',cUPMDTk: "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=B000830&__cf_chl_tk=9kAVQESOcaSJ1zKUXs2i8aFjYKZ07qFswlHxR9UDGJ0-1732580957-1.0.1.1-.afHXdWZR1rtTUO__ipGZXfBd__nkVw1bihVQmJPuBw",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1732580957',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=B000830&__cf_chl_f_tk=9kAVQESOcaSJ1zKUXs2i8aFjYKZ07qFswlHxR9UDGJ0-1732580957-1.0.1.1-.afHXdWZR1rtTUO__ipGZXfBd__nkVw1bihVQmJPuBw",md: "VLvZp_Z4HI9Wm2OdGLYISDPKPWtkO.IAzD8AV17zlTs-1732580957-1.2.1.1-_cDiLHFi8wEVnX9fgRPenezoX7bGxbOGbLvvmFA6ITWUDbtIaEzyV12oSZAatKhetnpu9nGP4aiWX0sX8ba0tQbU4.AjGVdQF12RaPy7ubdHO_yqD8x9e4TS8YMbNqw11OZl0qD09J22D0y5TasC_pcvHGOTnPO09oRvnjhGEMGmZe6h2i5clUccp7OZkBKRhc_pvY1DcrzNsHyAkqzEc1Tv.tt2vHmswtkFGL8p6x_9x5EiOPfvf8itRshERFQVqaIfOhsBDvColiC3UxQ_L14BDWhDa4Bic3KjP_Q._NHXXL8EcwhVdSt1i32K9kLBP0YqTXA09ccTcWP.4JiJPrHDQ.6SajFHCR8qqaHSlxJEFPUgLft2KNoCFvt3UzOzUe3SEps.0sd0kuwCIUUpaTeVjcijqWrRK5sBEXXW6S76ictnRKOxUzah4KZskQymtAtieIfOMuyLJCC8I.55r18q7A2V4rT014BNuMuu_1j0BUsALfHABhgFcYGPv1pLX9ox3CXfag73STNqk0dVC_493yAi34G8PHSqxHn7PnEeJgrquU68ibkbPH8fAnV1sc_FRg9mOGgjI382okubNGwBKrmpiDS2Kc0boaHqDHIAECH1ce.mB6YGIlu.I3olP_M__WsE_hkh7cUXjilJ4qK6izAr7ojGD3wJ7ecs4po.Yorxk6tI7I.QXdaX6fgosqnXXcqN7wA4QD57RljtmwRy66k5XBBQNKyHvu30TkdV9ChPxYIIQEnsS_e9sWkIDu0mZsuXAcR0b4z_c6Z.QOzCD7GCDC6STHy9Wh2pw08yM8GHprWfqSuNhIbJpLCgWlzm43OT9ExlFNBgZiHqXnzrcifLRzJv0mnra_drhjFDneVcfnRvtch0AiS3qTg7Qqgw6q3ETJpGjOa8CjbUI7FdFqPI_sczCi98fL3s2Y2uUMsm9GGgw6ORzpWLlLu7GAvbleS_qddhmqLQQfYWuPVFH9SVu.K0nS3CrQz5JuGHN8CuKsRw7qg_ytIacXPbQQGIdf8hyfW3NscTMAmQTpA4sDeEhFdCi.hWnTMhLBnKld08qJJg9UZ4_v42FvLrF7hT3zBivRy2bw.GtT9HcE0Yjt2bFrJNWKppP7wkqui6ZUrOD8y.ltvlBcLq2qZi7Iz4DKfHCi6sSNvdz_PxA0NGNR__neEfhUXZiyVbOM1pofsmbUQ7RuHBrxzIddPhL8CgZo268aQ9.rlQEAFSK7z5axTdfcLwnMq_BC.26Bx8D9e.g_CYnEng.YqMmsAD1_hixdhid27lsPSl6QPQgSgYZ1YvTFxvNRl3DEEVXLcEE7OXKV3iFhAUKkPk9wWe9x_YV0V1_db4v0QPGpIqTdqn.zlUb3Q_VmAK9ZK0TjUX.637xd_v4JhD2idvnNGnqzBzthL10DNJFoHkcaYot7vL..LSAury9f5pGJF.3ByqRANPeZs85PzX.85zu40QcfobfjwJPCsT3b1P1APgpRWKrloB_sObP7.175vHwFW_qu4cL2ArtZhHh9.n83vlrYC29a9IwgiTw_ko9.nZBEQ_me3HN3_0lydHQupXM1VA28vHKg6itDwdaiBZQtG8rz9lafC3RVpILnWdgq43hxlYQC44aiwKvmaea187SZqNDSH4z5OYd41KW6s8nuNoJorPErA_LTlEMJCJRM1B0ddJoXroQuE9HufYTg4oV0X968.y_CCRlmIiFfhwUxfoPmP11vTQ9wT0vNLXYpA7Y5ufgicr2sv1fvmY0xLDlWMTf.MiH3FgVGUbGE9dbM.u98v3E46Y5iDdFXD5OFQwlFzgKXjnXS9MSVvHrL9hz0ccL6oFiR2k_lm4ap256RwiHM.8oyUuI7GeykWbWzzDzubNqpXh0516ldyFH24_NlbcTSk7Fq5P56dmdJ3fwRBnuQwucdwY6VJJ3Wx9E6DDOuh0hwozPvMNx5VEIlYfLQX.FJ8z3J1uYzj5mB8tsAAN5Rv3Tn0fbenQ1CTjgxHyJtCCZUFB2lI9gJ.O70.Y5gI",mdrd: "ATn91bA9phaoLEWvQrc1Eza3JAgZsC3SLUW_OfxOucA-1732580957-1.2.1.1-wbf7XU2ccKBEK4qrOKc_zhq0_2vEEnSDeIieT7Iuhib6S9iXN6TsL1TRSLvrNi2.8Gy.E6mIA8LFqFrC1R4v8wHQMFiPEXIPG7pT4oF3TMuvchROqbZDIjaKfAS6dmoTXfNiSBhQMAyOi8bpX0LgY6nhXeBNrzfg0to8Nw7uiL1dsrXH_6.sMfGBhwh7QbeMZ96l3h5aH79arBzntympwcdyj.nY0ovckt7uJb8iy58uU3O5RJ6s5Xp4EPonxlrPjc0dvyA8ivYal7imcEnv770aXfLtdmx3HbZnvlFME69gW3hi7WEHBgnvHY99RN5fGZSasUBR4R4cxC5H2hyNIbVcZXNab2J63IgBWOArecynw4Qxu7Tm69cMEyyp7saOWjUgAN2JMqomr4DzK6lBuem.wXQ7VUWTSvIFZgqA7JYs4w2afK0v9APLvdzvFr98fzX1CW.NsOuWVWEGbLALrt3_.uhJAsej5tLkebMwpf48xlgwtm69SrtgkWG9KVWKFcFXmEGQbQrGMFRhKRok2FdJICkQmypaSyPEkSkgOJeMiXZyybv8HWCvYN0Xw_HTCX8XNsIZCKBVQmdHufBlbIeox8DORNTPA8KyEkEUp9E7bQ7n5TF2FZJnCn_L37mj79ItWIq.AnnZRJ17sgU9rr7ZkWorca52HEhxx7aB5w6MKcNR5nF_XrEacz6LHH4hmuUAwFVoXlp6Z0XZDFQhcVv_K7eotbwN.MimPBcUDUAgqmx.oBSofpZona0Z7ypHEybaOfqTJvS0A5Bo9.36fcTO9rI02du.2D9fN5Cl_HV9fPAqnNsi8YBKKlw9kUyNgd99h32JSt_HfAQwxig_KoURA6WjRslZ.S88FtmR4pqNbh5JQ1e3Ui1g5_5DyqXDIvq5801l8bjIA26_ky2sCJIxFWjDZ8CzmwEqqkovTmfZ0dRJ7y6vGMhaXvknmmo7_lY7ParkfEwGPsee0HwvxPKrTXr2c0_gx1ueOc05OB_eMISqROTFAdcARalpWcY39eR8UyL6EgMU7SEGU_xW_al_KqAfUr4UFDwqhKl7qekP9rHSFYBp3FU.kRfewV0LQDwNp35VK9gdReMx7gw2146kBuqsODk7I6FA2VEIhmNMjrawYMAzHNMfceN82kOL8sQgHz8tmOpQd5B9pVTgOlPzI329NE_sSVrB4xIRiVVg64Az5WPYDjOSL0g9iozwz83euM3GZso58es1l5KJ5OI7104M4eipMfnc6FnLeMz6djPxD3dRYyQ3Dwil9a2SlyLmYu0boCFCsHrhXrEo9g.xLNdLBZlRcTsNeIvI3uRgR4pHAtsZgsF0tWHcm952xAerHARxW2GB4vsOgUilTKObWaKA32EZ9ermrIvBQov.SYM.DBhWVhYWw.1S_uYgdWgfU2k0ERhYhvddhVTqDBMwK84xt4U1Is6rjSi6EmzKWVD5ONiyEUUcocQZjIkkeSZOz7au7Jph_dvti3KVTr7n25MQ6FdlO9uNyTry_hi94TjIRC2xkU46uFWV3_bZF_Jzel1PGSzQE17R0k5CvO9he7Fx_V.cTu9vKmROi3wUcaZkhls8ZzMQt9AoH57MO6amn2uM538KXURZB0ah4gpzS2s7xDmWiNS3yO_ddrQgCQZvlrI0rX8BX5_1aP6hHl93yNpfhy2X09OcC5kz9I31C_NX655iH4v34s.pKUe6iUmtTajCq8_kmCmzaG_ozydDwcLbmRJvXuii__o6JJy.WtyY4l8xMDZeLgRqVbY8zG_APTgarVWTxNpeZ3eBMBk3c2JilbXOMUgXprExee5irrxK7qWpKrMfyu0PYCmgJutJxZHA_nAPEL11R.cFHKsH5FVlPT6IXb_Wmndi1ysmqSC7m8zcDUN2cFpdpo0W_q.TIhrZL5G87Od_HtJDB3WkWbiU.n682pOXFioNZ7O2wmN9HNBo_itdoWc3nvtPeLbl5tgVqZCRbIHMGNrpW_v3IasWs7TSlkzzx743vw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8e85c367d8536033';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/scripts\/biodisplay.pl?index=B000830&__cf_chl_rt_tk=9kAVQESOcaSJ1zKUXs2i8aFjYKZ07qFswlHxR9UDGJ0-1732580957-1.0.1.1-.afHXdWZR1rtTUO__ipGZXfBd__nkVw1bihVQmJPuBw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>