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Login</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="primary" class="content-area default"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article id="post-12649" class="post-12649 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-vocab"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title">Nationalities in Spanish: List of 70+ Countries & Rules</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2023-01-10" /><span class="byline"> Written by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/author/dsanchez/">Daniela Sanchez</a></span> </span><meta itemprop="author" content="Daniela Sanchez" /><link id="page-url" itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/vocab/list-of-nationalities-in-spanish/" /><span class="term-list"> in <a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/vocab/" rel="category tag">Vocabulary</a></span><span class="byline">&nbsp</span><span class="posted-on">Last Updated January 18, 2023</span><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="January 18, 2023" /> </div> </header> <div class="post-thumbnail" itemprop="image" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img width="1200" height="675" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201200%20675'%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img-768x432.jpg 768w" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" data-lazy-src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img.jpg" /><noscript><img width="1200" height="675" src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img.jpg" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></noscript> </div> <div class="entry-content" itemProp="articleBody"> <p>Nationalities in Spanish are basic adjectives that allow you to express where something or someone is from. In short, adjectives of nationality are an important part of your vocabulary. So, to help you master this set of words, in this guide, we’ll cover: </p> <ul class="toc-list"><li><a href="#Countries-Nationalities-in-Spanish">List of Countries & Nationalities in Spanish</a></li><li><a href="#Rules-for-Nationalities-in-Spanish">Rules for Nationalities in Spanish</a><ul><li><a href="#Capitalization-rules">Capitalization rules</a></li><li><a href="#Gender-rules-for-nationalities">Gender rules for nationalities</a></li><li><a href="#Plural-forms-of-nationalities-in-Spanish">How to pluralize adjectives of nationality</a></li><li><a href="#Spanish-verb-for-talking-about-nationalities">Verb for talking about nationalities</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Asking-Someone-About-Their-Nationality">Bonus: Asking Someone About Their Nationality</a></li><li><a href="#Download-Spanish-Nationalities-and-Countries-PDF">Downloadable PDF</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Countries-Nationalities-in-Spanish">Countries & Nationalities in Spanish</h2> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img width="1200" height="675" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201200%20675'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="chart showing countries and nationalities in spanish" class="wp-image-12748" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1-768x432.jpg 768w" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" data-lazy-src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1.jpg" /><noscript><img width="1200" height="675" src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1.jpg" alt="chart showing countries and nationalities in spanish" class="wp-image-12748" srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/List-of-Countries-1-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></noscript></figure> <p>Below is a list of 70 countries and their corresponding nationalities in Spanish. </p> <p><strong>Note: </strong>This is not an exhaustive list. However, I’ve included a fair portion of countries to represent how nationalities in Spanish work. </p> <table class="wp-block-advgb-table aligncenter advgb-table-frontend bordered"><thead><tr><th style="border-style:none;background-color:#ffb44f;text-align:center"><strong>Country in Spanish</strong></th><th style="border-style:none;background-color:#ffb44f;text-align:center"><strong>Nationality</strong></th><th style="border-style:none;background-color:#ffb44f;text-align:center"><strong>Country in English</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center">Afganistán</td><td style="text-align:center">Afgano</td><td style="text-align:center">Afghanistan</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Angola</td><td style="text-align:center">Angoleño</td><td style="text-align:center">Angola</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Alemania</td><td style="text-align:center">Alemán</td><td style="text-align:center">Germany</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Argentina</td><td style="text-align:center">Argentino</td><td style="text-align:center">Argentina</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Australia</td><td style="text-align:center">Australiano</td><td style="text-align:center">Australia</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Austria</td><td style="text-align:center">Austríaco </td><td style="text-align:center">Austria</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Bélgica</td><td style="text-align:center">Belga</td><td style="text-align:center">Belgium</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Belice</td><td style="text-align:center">Beliceño</td><td style="text-align:center">Belize</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Bolivia</td><td style="text-align:center">Boliveño</td><td style="text-align:center">Bolivia</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Brasil</td><td style="text-align:center">Brasileño</td><td style="text-align:center">Brazil</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Bulgaria</td><td style="text-align:center">Búlgaro</td><td style="text-align:center">Bulgaria</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Canadá</td><td style="text-align:center">Canadiense</td><td style="text-align:center">Canada</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Chile</td><td style="text-align:center">Chileno</td><td style="text-align:center">Chile</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">China</td><td style="text-align:center">Chino</td><td style="text-align:center">China</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Colombia</td><td style="text-align:center">Colombiano</td><td style="text-align:center">Colombia</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Corea del Norte</td><td style="text-align:center">Norcoreano</td><td style="text-align:center">North Korea</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Corea del Sur</td><td style="text-align:center">Surcoreano</td><td style="text-align:center">South Korea</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Costa Rica</td><td style="text-align:center">Costarricense </td><td style="text-align:center">Costa Rica</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Croacia</td><td style="text-align:center">Croata</td><td style="text-align:center">Croatia</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Cuba</td><td style="text-align:center">Cubano</td><td style="text-align:center">Cuba</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Dinamarca</td><td style="text-align:center">Danés</td><td style="text-align:center">Denmark</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Ecuador</td><td style="text-align:center">Ecuatoriano</td><td style="text-align:center">Ecuador</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">El Salvador</td><td style="text-align:center">Salvadoreño</td><td style="text-align:center">El Salvador</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">España</td><td style="text-align:center">Español</td><td style="text-align:center">Spain</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Estados Unidos</td><td style="text-align:center">Estadounidense</td><td style="text-align:center">United States</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Escocia</td><td style="text-align:center">Escocés</td><td style="text-align:center">Scotland</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Egipto</td><td style="text-align:center">Egipcio</td><td style="text-align:center">Egypt</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Etiopía</td><td style="text-align:center">Etíope</td><td style="text-align:center">Ethiopia</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Finlandia</td><td style="text-align:center">Finlandés</td><td style="text-align:center">Finland</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Francia</td><td style="text-align:center">Francés</td><td style="text-align:center">France</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Groelandía </td><td style="text-align:center">Groenlandés</td><td style="text-align:center">Greenland</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Guatemala</td><td style="text-align:center">Guatemalteco</td><td style="text-align:center">Guatemala</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Grecia</td><td style="text-align:center">Griego</td><td style="text-align:center">Greece</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Haití</td><td style="text-align:center">Haitiano</td><td style="text-align:center">Haiti</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Honduras</td><td style="text-align:center">Hondureño</td><td style="text-align:center">Honduras</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Hungría</td><td style="text-align:center">Húngaro</td><td style="text-align:center">Hungary</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">India</td><td style="text-align:center">Indio</td><td style="text-align:center">India</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Inglaterra</td><td style="text-align:center">Inglés</td><td style="text-align:center">England</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Irán</td><td style="text-align:center">Iraní</td><td style="text-align:center">Iran</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Irak</td><td style="text-align:center">Iraquí</td><td style="text-align:center">Irak</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Irlanda</td><td style="text-align:center">Irlandés</td><td style="text-align:center">Ireland</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Islandia</td><td style="text-align:center">Islandés</td><td style="text-align:center">Iceland</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Israel</td><td style="text-align:center">Israelí</td><td style="text-align:center">Israel</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Italia</td><td style="text-align:center">Italiano</td><td style="text-align:center">Italy</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Jamaica</td><td style="text-align:center">Jamaicano / Jamaiquino</td><td style="text-align:center">Jamaica</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Japón</td><td style="text-align:center">Japonés</td><td style="text-align:center">Japan</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Líbano</td><td style="text-align:center">Libanés</td><td style="text-align:center">Lebanon</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Marruecos</td><td style="text-align:center">Marroquí</td><td style="text-align:center">Morocco</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Malta</td><td style="text-align:center">Maltés</td><td style="text-align:center">Malta</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">México</td><td style="text-align:center">Mexicano</td><td style="text-align:center">Mexico</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Mónaco</td><td style="text-align:center">Monegasco</td><td style="text-align:center">Monaco</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Nicaragua</td><td style="text-align:center">Nicaragüense </td><td style="text-align:center">Nicaragua</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Noruega</td><td style="text-align:center">Noruego</td><td style="text-align:center">Norway</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Nueva Zelanda</td><td style="text-align:center">Neozelandés</td><td style="text-align:center">New Zealand</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">República Checa</td><td style="text-align:center">Checo</td><td style="text-align:center">Czech Republic</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">República Dominicana</td><td style="text-align:center">Dominicano </td><td style="text-align:center">Dominican Republic</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Rusia</td><td style="text-align:center">Ruso</td><td style="text-align:center">Russia</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Países Bajos</td><td style="text-align:center">Neerlandés</td><td style="text-align:center">Netherlands</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Pakistán</td><td style="text-align:center">Pakistaní</td><td style="text-align:center">Pakistan</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Panamá</td><td style="text-align:center">Panameño</td><td style="text-align:center">Panama</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Paraguay</td><td style="text-align:center">Paraguayo</td><td style="text-align:center">Paraguay</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Perú</td><td style="text-align:center">Peruano</td><td style="text-align:center">Peru</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Polonia</td><td style="text-align:center">Polaco</td><td style="text-align:center">Poland</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Portugal </td><td style="text-align:center">Portugués</td><td style="text-align:center">Portugal</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Puerto Rico</td><td style="text-align:center">Puertorriqueño</td><td style="text-align:center">Puerto Rico</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Suecia</td><td style="text-align:center">Sueco</td><td style="text-align:center">Sweden</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Suiza</td><td style="text-align:center">Suizo</td><td style="text-align:center">Switzerland</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Tailandia</td><td style="text-align:center">Tailandés</td><td style="text-align:center">Thailand </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Turquía</td><td style="text-align:center">Turco</td><td style="text-align:center">Turkey</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Uruguay</td><td style="text-align:center">Uruguayo</td><td style="text-align:center">Uruguay</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Venezuela</td><td style="text-align:center">Venezolano </td><td style="text-align:center">Venezuela</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center">Vietnam</td><td style="text-align:center">Vietnamita</td><td style="text-align:center">Vietnam</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="Rules-for-Nationalities-in-Spanish">Rules for Nationalities in Spanish</h2> <p>In addition to the vocabulary, you must also know certain rules to correctly apply adjectives of nationality in Spanish. You’ll find these rules in the following sections.  </p> <h3 id="Capitalization-rules">Do you capitalize nationalities in Spanish?</h3> <p><strong>Unlike English, nationalities in Spanish are </strong><strong>not capitalized</strong><strong> unless they are used to start a sentence or are part of a proper noun. Since they are proper nouns, the name of countries must always be capitalized. </strong></p> <p>Here are some examples so you can see the capitalization rules of adjectives of nationality: </p> <p class="has-text-align-center">James es <strong>inglés</strong> y Andrea <strong>colombiana</strong>.<br>James is <strong>English,</strong> and Andrea is <strong>Colombian</strong>.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center">El nombre oficial de México es Estados Unidos <strong>Mexicanos</strong>.<br>The official name of Mexico is the United <strong>Mexican </strong>States.</p> <h3 id="Gender-rules-for-nationalities">Male and female nationalities</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img width="1200" height="675" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201200%20675'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="chart explaining the gender of nationalities in spanish" class="wp-image-12752" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1-768x432.jpg 768w" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" data-lazy-src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1.jpg" /><noscript><img width="1200" height="675" src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1.jpg" alt="chart explaining the gender of nationalities in spanish" class="wp-image-12752" srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Masculine-and-Feminine-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></noscript></figure> <p>In Spanish, nationalities are adjectives. As such, they must agree with the number and sometimes the gender of the noun they’re describing. Often, the noun that a nationality is describing is a person or object. Here are some rules about male and female nationalities in Spanish: </p> <p><strong>Nationalities ending with -o</strong></p> <p>In Spanish, adjectives of nationality that end with <em>o </em>are masculine. To transform these words into feminine nationalities, you must replace the <em>o </em>with the vowel <em>a</em><em>. </em></p> <p class="has-text-align-center">Carlos es <strong>italiano.</strong><br>Carlos is <strong>Italian</strong>.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center">Beatrice es <strong>italiana.</strong><br>Beatrice is <strong>Italian</strong>.</p> <p><strong>Nationalities ending with -e, -a or -í</strong></p> <p>These types of adjectives are neutral and cannot mark gender. To put it another way, when it comes to nationalities in Spanish that end with <em>e, a </em>or <em>í, </em>you must use the <strong>same word</strong> for <a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/grammar/spanish-gender/">feminine and masculine nouns</a>.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center">James es <strong>estadounidense</strong>.<br>James is <strong>American</strong>.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center">Ashley es <strong>canadiense.</strong><br>Ashley is <strong>Canadian</strong>.</p> <p><strong>Nationalities ending with a consonant</strong></p> <p>Nationalities in Spanish that end with a consonant are masculine by default. To make them feminine adjectives, you must add the vowel <em>a</em> to the end<em>.</em></p> <p class="has-text-align-center">Mi papá es <strong>español</strong>.<br>My dad is <strong>Spanish</strong>.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center">Marcela es <strong>española.</strong><br>Marcela is <strong>Spanish</strong>.</p> <p class="take-notes"><strong>Take Note: </strong>The most common endings for nationalities in Spanish are <em>-ano, -ense, -ino, -iano, -és, -í, </em>and<em> -o. </em>However, as a tip, it’s easier to focus on the last letter of these adjectives when changing their gender or making them plural. </p> <h3 id="Plural-forms-of-nationalities-in-Spanish">Plural forms of nationalities in Spanish</h3> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img width="1200" height="675" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201200%20675'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="graphic explaining how to pluralize nationalities in spanish" class="wp-image-12755" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-768x432.jpg 768w" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" data-lazy-src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish.jpg" /><noscript><img width="1200" height="675" src="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish.jpg" alt="graphic explaining how to pluralize nationalities in spanish" class="wp-image-12755" srcset="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish.jpg 1200w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Plural-Forms-of-Nationalities-in-Spanish-768x432.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></noscript></figure> <p>Although some adjectives of nationality may not mark the gender, in Spanish, you must always pluralize nationalities when describing a group of people or things. </p> <p>Here are the rules you need to follow to make plural nationalities in Spanish:</p> <p><strong>1. Add an ‘s’ to adjectives of nationality that end with ‘o’, ‘e’, or ‘a’.</strong></p> <p>For example: </p> <ul><li>Mexicano = <em>Mexicanos</em></li><li>Alemana = <em>Alemanas</em></li><li>Estadounidense = <em>Estadounidenses</em></li></ul> <p><strong>2. Add ‘</strong><strong>-es</strong><strong>’ to </strong><strong>masculine</strong><strong> nationalities that end with a consonant and drop the accent mark if applicable.</strong>  </p> <p>For example:</p> <ul><li>Alemán = <em>Alemanes</em></li><li>Japonés = <em>Japoneses</em></li><li>Español = <em>Españoles</em></li></ul> <p><strong>3. Add ‘</strong><strong>-es</strong><strong>’ to nationalities that end with </strong><strong><em>í </em></strong><strong>and keep the accent. </strong></p> <p>For example: </p> <ul><li>Marroquí = <em>Marroquíes</em></li><li>Israelí = <em>Israelíes</em></li></ul> <h3 id="Spanish-verb-for-talking-about-nationalities">What verb is used to talk about nationalities in Spanish?</h3> <p>Adjectives of nationality work with the verb <em>ser </em>if you’re using them to describe where something or someone is from: </p> <p class="has-text-align-center">Erica <strong>es</strong> puertorriqueña y yo <strong>soy</strong> mexicana.<br>Erica is Puerto Rican, and I <strong>am </strong>Mexican.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center">¿Los chicos nuevos <strong>son</strong> portugueses?<br><strong>Are </strong>the new guys Portuguese?</p> <p>However, in some cases, the adjective of nationality will immediately follow the noun if you’re using it to distinguish one thing from another. For example: </p> <p class="has-text-align-center">La comida <strong>china</strong> es muy preferida.<br><strong>Chinese </strong>food is my favorite.</p> <p class="has-text-align-center">Este es un grupo de pop <strong>japonés</strong>.<br>This is a <strong>Japanese</strong> pop group.</p> <p class="take-notes"><strong>Take Note</strong>: In Spanish, adjectives of nationality are used to describe people and things. If you want to be more precise with your portraits, check my guide on the <a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/grammar/spanish-adjectives-to-describe-a-person/">most common adjectives to describe a person</a>. </p> <h2 id="Asking-Someone-About-Their-Nationality">Bonus: Asking Someone About their Nationality</h2> <p>Now that you’ve learned adjectives of nationality, you should also know some questions you can use to ask people where they’re from. </p> <p>These are the most common questions you can use to ask someone about their nationality: </p> <ul><li><strong>¿De dónde eres?</strong> – <em>Where are you from?</em></li><li><strong>¿De qué país eres?</strong> – <em>What country are you from?</em></li><li><strong>¿Cuál es tu nacionalidad?</strong> – <em>What is your nationality?</em> (formal)</li></ul> <table class="wp-block-advgb-table advgb-table-frontend bordered"><thead><tr><th style="background-color:#ffb44f;text-align:center"><strong>Spanish</strong></th><th style="background-color:#ffb44f;text-align:center"><strong>English</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Tú:</strong> Hola, ¿de dónde eres?</td><td><strong>You</strong>: I saw Sandra yesterday. </td></tr><tr><td><strong>Tu compañero:</strong> Soy <strong>argenino</strong>.</td><td><strong>Your classmate</strong>: I’m <strong>Argentinian</strong>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="Download-Spanish-Nationalities-and-Countries-PDF">Download the Spanish Nationalities & Countries PDF</h2> <p>Now that you’ve learned this vocabulary, you should feel more comfortable talking about nationalities in Spanish. <em>Buena suerte.</em> Feel free to download a PDF I’ve created including the list of countries and nationalities and rules we’ve covered to refer back to later.</p> <div class="wp-block-advgb-button alignnone"><a class="wp-block-advgb-button_link advgbbtn-bd6b8bb3-eedb-4fcd-8af0-66ab3cf510aa" 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class="et_social_bottom_trigger"></span> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> </footer> </article> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Nationalities in Spanish: List of 70+ Countries & Rules","url":"https:\/\/www.tellmeinspanish.com\/vocab\/list-of-nationalities-in-spanish\/","articleBody":"Nationalities in Spanish are basic adjectives that allow you to express where something or someone is from. In short, adjectives of nationality are an important part of your vocabulary. So, to help you master this set of words, in this guide, we\u2019ll cover: \n\n\n\nList of Countries & Nationalities in SpanishRules for Nationalities in SpanishCapitalization rulesGender rules for nationalitiesHow to pluralize adjectives of nationalityVerb for talking about nationalitiesBonus: Asking Someone About Their NationalityDownloadable PDF\n\n\n\nCountries & Nationalities in Spanish\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nBelow is a list of 70 countries and their corresponding nationalities in Spanish. \n\n\n\nNote: This is not an exhaustive list. However, I\u2019ve included a fair portion of countries to represent how nationalities in Spanish work. \n\n\n\nCountry in SpanishNationalityCountry in EnglishAfganist\u00e1nAfganoAfghanistanAngolaAngole\u00f1oAngolaAlemaniaAlem\u00e1nGermanyArgentinaArgentinoArgentinaAustraliaAustralianoAustraliaAustriaAustr\u00edaco AustriaB\u00e9lgicaBelgaBelgiumBeliceBelice\u00f1oBelizeBoliviaBolive\u00f1oBoliviaBrasilBrasile\u00f1oBrazilBulgariaB\u00falgaroBulgariaCanad\u00e1CanadienseCanadaChileChilenoChileChinaChinoChinaColombiaColombianoColombiaCorea del NorteNorcoreanoNorth KoreaCorea del SurSurcoreanoSouth KoreaCosta RicaCostarricense Costa RicaCroaciaCroataCroatiaCubaCubanoCubaDinamarcaDan\u00e9sDenmarkEcuadorEcuatorianoEcuadorEl SalvadorSalvadore\u00f1oEl SalvadorEspa\u00f1aEspa\u00f1olSpainEstados UnidosEstadounidenseUnited StatesEscociaEscoc\u00e9sScotlandEgiptoEgipcioEgyptEtiop\u00edaEt\u00edopeEthiopiaFinlandiaFinland\u00e9sFinlandFranciaFranc\u00e9sFranceGroeland\u00eda Groenland\u00e9sGreenlandGuatemalaGuatemaltecoGuatemalaGreciaGriegoGreeceHait\u00edHaitianoHaitiHondurasHondure\u00f1oHondurasHungr\u00edaH\u00fangaroHungaryIndiaIndioIndiaInglaterraIngl\u00e9sEnglandIr\u00e1nIran\u00edIranIrakIraqu\u00edIrakIrlandaIrland\u00e9sIrelandIslandiaIsland\u00e9sIcelandIsraelIsrael\u00edIsraelItaliaItalianoItalyJamaicaJamaicano \/ JamaiquinoJamaicaJap\u00f3nJapon\u00e9sJapanL\u00edbanoLiban\u00e9sLebanonMarruecosMarroqu\u00edMoroccoMaltaMalt\u00e9sMaltaM\u00e9xicoMexicanoMexicoM\u00f3nacoMonegascoMonacoNicaraguaNicarag\u00fcense NicaraguaNoruegaNoruegoNorwayNueva ZelandaNeozeland\u00e9sNew ZealandRep\u00fablica ChecaChecoCzech RepublicRep\u00fablica DominicanaDominicano Dominican RepublicRusiaRusoRussiaPa\u00edses BajosNeerland\u00e9sNetherlandsPakist\u00e1nPakistan\u00edPakistanPanam\u00e1Paname\u00f1oPanamaParaguayParaguayoParaguayPer\u00faPeruanoPeruPoloniaPolacoPolandPortugal Portugu\u00e9sPortugalPuerto RicoPuertorrique\u00f1oPuerto RicoSueciaSuecoSwedenSuizaSuizoSwitzerlandTailandiaTailand\u00e9sThailand Turqu\u00edaTurcoTurkeyUruguayUruguayoUruguayVenezuelaVenezolano VenezuelaVietnamVietnamitaVietnam\n\n\n\nRules for Nationalities in Spanish\n\n\n\nIn addition to the vocabulary, you must also know certain rules to correctly apply adjectives of nationality in Spanish. You\u2019ll find these rules in the following sections.  \n\n\n\nDo you capitalize nationalities in Spanish?\n\n\n\nUnlike English, nationalities in Spanish are not capitalized unless they are used to start a sentence or are part of a proper noun. Since they are proper nouns, the name of countries must always be capitalized. \n\n\n\nHere are some examples so you can see the capitalization rules of adjectives of nationality: \n\n\n\nJames es ingl\u00e9s y Andrea colombiana.James is English, and Andrea is Colombian.\n\n\n\nEl nombre oficial de M\u00e9xico es Estados Unidos Mexicanos.The official name of Mexico is the United Mexican States.\n\n\n\nMale and female nationalities\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIn Spanish, nationalities are adjectives. As such, they must agree with the number and sometimes the gender of the noun they\u2019re describing. Often, the noun that a nationality is describing is a person or object. Here are some rules about male and female nationalities in Spanish: \n\n\n\nNationalities ending with -o\n\n\n\nIn Spanish, adjectives of nationality that end with o are masculine. To transform these words into feminine nationalities, you must replace the o with the vowel a. \n\n\n\nCarlos es italiano.Carlos is Italian.\n\n\n\nBeatrice es italiana.Beatrice is Italian.\n\n\n\nNationalities ending with -e, -a or -\u00ed\n\n\n\nThese types of adjectives are neutral and cannot mark gender. To put it another way, when it comes to nationalities in Spanish that end with e, a or \u00ed, you must use the same word for feminine and masculine nouns.\n\n\n\nJames es estadounidense.James is American.\n\n\n\nAshley es canadiense.Ashley is Canadian.\n\n\n\nNationalities ending with a consonant\n\n\n\nNationalities in Spanish that end with a consonant are masculine by default. To make them feminine adjectives, you must add the vowel a to the end.\n\n\n\nMi pap\u00e1 es espa\u00f1ol.My dad is Spanish.\n\n\n\nMarcela es espa\u00f1ola.Marcela is Spanish.\n\n\n\nTake Note: The most common endings for nationalities in Spanish are -ano, -ense, -ino, -iano, -\u00e9s, -\u00ed, and -o. However, as a tip, it\u2019s easier to focus on the last letter of these adjectives when changing their gender or making them plural. \n\n\n\nPlural forms of nationalities in Spanish\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAlthough some adjectives of nationality may not mark the gender, in Spanish, you must always pluralize nationalities when describing a group of people or things. \n\n\n\nHere are the rules you need to follow to make plural nationalities in Spanish:\n\n\n\n1. Add an \u2018s\u2019 to adjectives of nationality that end with \u2018o\u2019, \u2018e\u2019, or \u2018a\u2019.\n\n\n\nFor example: \n\n\n\nMexicano = MexicanosAlemana = AlemanasEstadounidense = Estadounidenses\n\n\n\n2. Add \u2018-es\u2019 to masculine nationalities that end with a consonant and drop the accent mark if applicable.  \n\n\n\nFor example:\n\n\n\nAlem\u00e1n = AlemanesJapon\u00e9s = JaponesesEspa\u00f1ol = Espa\u00f1oles\n\n\n\n3. Add \u2018-es\u2019 to nationalities that end with \u00ed and keep the accent. \n\n\n\nFor example: \n\n\n\nMarroqu\u00ed = Marroqu\u00edesIsrael\u00ed = Israel\u00edes\n\n\n\nWhat verb is used to talk about nationalities in Spanish?\n\n\n\nAdjectives of nationality work with the verb ser if you\u2019re using them to describe where something or someone is from: \n\n\n\nErica es puertorrique\u00f1a y yo soy mexicana.Erica is Puerto Rican, and I am Mexican.\n\n\n\n\u00bfLos chicos nuevos son portugueses?Are the new guys Portuguese?\n\n\n\nHowever, in some cases, the adjective of nationality will immediately follow the noun if you\u2019re using it to distinguish one thing from another. For example: \n\n\n\nLa comida china es muy preferida.Chinese food is my favorite.\n\n\n\nEste es un grupo de pop japon\u00e9s.This is a Japanese pop group.\n\n\n\nTake Note: In Spanish, adjectives of nationality are used to describe people and things. If you want to be more precise with your portraits, check my guide on the most common adjectives to describe a person. \n\n\n\nBonus: Asking Someone About their Nationality\n\n\n\nNow that you\u2019ve learned adjectives of nationality, you should also know some questions you can use to ask people where they\u2019re from. \n\n\n\nThese are the most common questions you can use to ask someone about their nationality: \n\n\n\n\u00bfDe d\u00f3nde eres? - Where are you from?\u00bfDe qu\u00e9 pa\u00eds eres? - What country are you from?\u00bfCu\u00e1l es tu nacionalidad? - What is your nationality? (formal)\n\n\n\nSpanishEnglishT\u00fa: Hola, \u00bfde d\u00f3nde eres?You: I saw Sandra yesterday. Tu compa\u00f1ero: Soy argenino.Your classmate: I'm Argentinian.\n\n\n\nDownload the Spanish Nationalities & Countries PDF\n\n\n\nNow that you\u2019ve learned this vocabulary, you should feel more comfortable talking about nationalities in Spanish. Buena suerte. Feel free to download a PDF I\u2019ve created including the list of countries and nationalities and rules we\u2019ve covered to refer back to later.\n\n\n\nDonwload Nationalities in Spanish PDF","headline":"Nationalities in Spanish: List of 70+ Countries & Rules","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Sanchez","url":"https:\/\/www.tellmeinspanish.com\/about-me\/"},"datePublished":"2023-01-10","mainEntityOfPage":"True","dateModified":"January 18, 2023","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.tellmeinspanish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Nationalities-in-Spanish-Feat-Img-1024x576.jpg","height":360,"width":640},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Tell Me In Spanish","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.tellmeinspanish.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/tmis_logo_xs-300x188.png","height":600,"width":60}}} </script> <article class="author-card"> <a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/about-me/" alt="link to Daniela Sanchez author page"> <div data-bg="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/12419275_10153370688196472_3193377539784491038_o-e1559946207118-300x297.jpg" class="avatar-container rocket-lazyload" style=""> </div> </a> <div class="author-info"> <header> <p class="h3"><a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/about-me/">Daniela Sanchez</a></p> </header> <p>¡Hola! Soy Daniela Sanchez, I've been studying Spanish professionally as well as teaching it in Mexico and online for over 10 years. I’ve taught Spanish to a wide array of foreigners from many backgrounds. Over the years, I've made it my mission to work hard on refining many challenging to understand grammar topics to make my students' learning experiences easier, faster and more enjoyable. <a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/about-me/">Read More About Me</a></p> </div> </article> <h3 class="h2">Recent Posts</h3> <div class="recent-articles-container"> <article class="article-card"> <a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/grammar/cual-vs-que/" rel="nofollow"><div data-bg="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Cuál-vs-Qué-Key-Differences-You-Need-to-Know.jpg" class="image-container rocket-lazyload" style=""></div><span class="sr-only">link to Cuál vs Qué: Key Differences You Need to Know</span></a> <div class="copy-container"> <header> <p><a href="https://www.tellmeinspanish.com/grammar/cual-vs-que/">Cuál vs Qué: Key Differences You Need to Know</a></p> </header> <div class="excerpt"> <p>Cuál vs qué is a topic that often confuses Spanish learners. 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