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<span>Tree planting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tree_planting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Administrative body for the city of Bengaluru</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #ededed"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike</div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Corporation">Municipal Corporation</a></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">27 March 1862<span class="noprint"> (162 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1862-03-27</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Corporation of the City of Bangalore (1949)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrator <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(In Absence of Mayor)</span></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em">Rakesh Singh </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Commissioner">Municipal Commissioner</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em">Tushar Giri Nath,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">IAS</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Bangalore">Mayor</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><i>Vacant</i>,<br /> since 10 September 2020 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Mayor">Deputy Mayor</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><i>Vacant</i>,<br /> since 10 September 2020 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition" title="Leader of the Opposition">Leader of the Opposition</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><i>Vacant</i>,<br /> since 10 September 2020 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">243</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post" class="mw-redirect" title="First-past-the-post">First-past-the-post</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2015_Greater_Bengaluru_Municipal_Corporation_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 Greater Bengaluru Municipal Corporation election">2015</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Next election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2024_Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike_election" title="2024 Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike election">2024</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Motto</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">ಕನ್ನಡವೇ ಉಸಿರು ಕನ್ನಡವೇ ಹಸಿರು <span style="font-size:85%;">(Kannada)</span> <br /> <i>Kannada is our breath; Kannada is indeed, evergreen</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bbmp..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Bbmp..jpg/220px-Bbmp..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Bbmp..jpg/330px-Bbmp..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Bbmp..jpg/440px-Bbmp..jpg 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label">Kempegowda Civic Hall, Hudson Circle (Corporation Circle), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560002</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bbmp.gov.in/">BBMP</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Footnotes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Governed by:<br /> <b>Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike Act, 2020</b></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BBMP_Tower.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BBMP_Tower.JPG/220px-BBMP_Tower.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BBMP_Tower.JPG/330px-BBMP_Tower.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/BBMP_Tower.JPG/440px-BBMP_Tower.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>BBMP Tower near Corporation Circle, Bangalore</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike</b> (<b>BBMP</b>) is the administrative body responsible for civic amenities and some infrastructural assets of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Bangalore" title="Greater Bangalore">Greater Bengaluru</a> metropolitan area.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the fourth <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipal_corporations_in_India" title="List of municipal corporations in India">largest Municipal Corporation in India</a> and is responsible for a population of 8.4 million in an area of 741 km<sup>2</sup>. Its boundaries have expanded more than 10 times over the last six decades.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its roles and responsibilities include the "orderly development of the city" — <a href="/wiki/Zoning" title="Zoning">zoning</a> and building regulations, health, <a href="/wiki/Hygiene" title="Hygiene">hygiene</a>, licensing, trade and education, as well as <a href="/wiki/Quality_of_life" title="Quality of life">quality of life</a> issues such as public open space, <a href="/wiki/Water_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Water body">water bodies</a>, parks and <a href="/wiki/Foliage" class="mw-redirect" title="Foliage">greenery</a>. </p><p>The BBMP represents the <a href="/wiki/Municipal_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal government">third level of government</a> (the Central Government and <a href="/wiki/State_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="State Government">State Government</a> being the first two levels). BBMP is run by a city council composed of elected <a href="/wiki/Legislator" title="Legislator">representatives</a>, called "corporators", one from each of the wards (localities) of the city. A range of other statutory authorities exercise certain municipal responsibilities (eg: the <a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Development_Authority" title="Bangalore Development Authority">Bangalore Development Authority</a>, and <a href="/wiki/BESCOM" class="mw-redirect" title="BESCOM">BESCOM</a>). </p><p>The elections to the council are held once every five years, with results being decided by <a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">popular vote</a>. The members contesting elections to the council represent one or more of the state's <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">political parties</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of municipal governance of Bangalore dates back to 27 March 1862, when nine leading citizens of the old city formed a Municipal Board under the Improvement of Towns Act of 1850 with a similar Municipal Board formed for the newer <a href="/wiki/Cantonment" title="Cantonment">Cantonment</a> area.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two boards were legalised in 1881, and functioned as two independent bodies called Bangalore City Municipality and Bangalore Civil and Military Station Municipality (Cantonment). The following year, half of the municipal councillors were permitted to be elected, <a href="/wiki/Property_tax" title="Property tax">property tax</a> was introduced and greater powers given over police and local improvement.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1913 an honorary president was introduced, and seven years later made an elected position. An appointed Municipal Commissioner was introduced in 1926 on the Cantonment board as the executive authority. </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Independence Movement">Indian independence</a>, the two Municipal Boards were merged to form the Corporation of the City of Bangalore in 1949, under the Bangalore City Corporation Act. The corporation then consisted of 70 elected representatives and 50 electoral divisions and the office of Mayor introduced for the first time. The first elections were held in 1950. </p><p>The name of the council changed — first to Bangalore City Corporation (BCC) and then to Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BMP) in the year 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1989, the BMP expanded to include 87 wards and further increased to 100 wards in 1995, covering an extra area of 75 sq. km. The council also included 40 additional members drawn from the parliament and the state legislature.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around the same time, the BMP council passed a resolution that only BDA layouts should be included in its limits and not revenue pockets<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, because of the cost of developing the latter. Around 50 per cent of the expanded BMP areas (meaning at least 40 wards among 100) were revenue pockets at that time. At that time, the BMP proposed betterment charges of Rs.215/sq. yard based on costs of developing those areas. But after the BMP elections of 1996, the council took a decision to reduce betterment charges to Rs.100/sq. yard. The state government (the <a href="/wiki/H._D._Deve_Gowda" title="H. D. Deve Gowda">H. D. Deve Gowda</a> <a href="/wiki/Deve_Gowda_ministry_(Karnataka)" title="Deve Gowda ministry (Karnataka)">led administration</a>) then issued a notice to the city council demanding why the latter reduced the rates. Subsequently, the state government agreed to the BMP rates.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2006, the BMP Council was dissolved by the state government upon the completion of its five-year term. In January 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnataka Government">Karnataka Government</a> issued a notification to merge 100 wards of the erstwhile Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike with seven <a href="/wiki/Nagar_palika" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagar palika">City Municipal Councils (CMC)s</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Nagar_palika" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagar palika">Town Municipal Council (TMC)</a> and 110 villages around the city to form a single administrative area <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (111 villages mentioned in initial Notification. Later 2 villages omitted from the list and another village added before final Notification).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The process was completed by April 2007 and the body was renamed 'Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (Greater Bangalore Municipal Corporation). </p><p>The first elections to the newly created BBMP body were held on 28 March 2010, after the delays due to the <a href="/wiki/Delimitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Delimitation">delimitation</a> of wards and finalising voter lists. </p><p>The second elections were held on 22 August 2015 with the BJP winning the majority with 101 Corporators (Congress won 76, Janatha Dal S 14 and Independents 7). The results were declared on 25 August 2015. With none of the parties touching the required number, the Congress and JDS with the help of independents won the mayor election. The BJP with the majority number of corporators in the BBMP council was forced to sit in the Opposition. On 11 September 2015, B.N. Manjunatha Reddy of the INC was elected Mayor, Hemalatha Gopalaiah of the <a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">JD(S)</a> was elected Deputy Mayor and Padmanabha Reddy of the BJP was elected the Leader of Opposition. </p><p>Elections were held in Mar–April 2010 after a period of Commissioner's rule<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the BBMP corporators and a Mayor S. K. Nataraj was chosen. Fresh elections were held in August 2015. In 2015 the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC</a> passed a legislation in <a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Legislative_Assembly" title="Karnataka Legislative Assembly">the state parliament</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> requiring the abolition of the BBMP, and its reconstitution as multiple, separate municipal bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government's rationale, as stated in the bill itself, was that the population of Bangalore was too large for a single corporation to administer.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill recommended that the BBMP be split into three separate municipal corporations ("trifurcation"), but stated the actual number was to be specified by government notification at a later date. The bill was strongly opposed by the opposition in the state parliament<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a majority of the BBMP councillors.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also debated in the media.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commentators noted that the bill takes place against the failure of municipal trifurcation in Delhi three years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2016, the Union Government's <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Home_Affairs_(India)" title="Ministry of Home Affairs (India)">Ministry of Home Affairs</a> raised 13 objections to the bill, and sent a request for further explanation to <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Karnataka" title="Government of Karnataka">the Karnataka Government</a>, in particular raising the point that an elected body cannot be dissolved before its term ends, leaving the BBMP intact until at least 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also advised Karnataka to study the consequences of the Delhi trifurcation as it may relate to Bangalore. After holding off on implementing the split for several years, in October 2017, Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah reaffirmed his objective of carrying out the trifurcation.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Legislative_Assembly" title="Karnataka Legislative Assembly">Karnataka Legislative Assembly</a> passed the Karnataka Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill to increase the number of civic wards in Bengaluru to 250.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 October 2020 a legislative select committee led by BJP MLA S Raghu decided to increase the number of civic wards from 198 to 243, Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/B._S._Yediyurappa" title="B. S. Yediyurappa">B. S. Yediyurappa</a> approved creating 243 wards. Delimitation Commission, headed by BBMP Commissioner Manjunath Prasad, was set up to decide on how to divide the city into 243 wards. The Delimitation Commission consists of Bengaluru Urban Deputy Commissioner, BDA (Bangalore Development Authority) Chairman and BBMP Special Commissioner Revenue (all IAS officers) as its members.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 December 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Third_B._S._Yeddyurappa_ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Third B. S. Yeddyurappa ministry">B. S. Yediyurappa government</a> passed the <i>Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) Bill, 2020</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Karnataka_legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnataka legislature">Karnataka legislature</a>. The BBMP Act will govern the municipal corporation.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various changes to the BBMP’s structure was incorporated in the new Act. The BBMP Act increased the term length for the mayor and the deputy mayor to five years from one year. It also increased the number of zones from eight to fifteen. All fifteen zones would be headed by a <i>zonal commissioner</i> who reports to the BBMP’s chief commissioner. The Act also forms <i>constituency consultative committees</i> (headed by the local MLA, consisting of councillors and resident association members) and <i>zonal committees</i> to monitor the implementation of projects and address public grievances.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_electoral_results">History of electoral results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History of electoral results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#cccccc"> <th>SN </th> <th>Party </th> <th>Seats won (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Seats won (2010) </th> <th>Seats won (2015) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> </td> <td>15 </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">111 </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">57 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>76 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a> </td> <td>13 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>Others </td> <td>15 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td><b>100</b> </td> <td><b>198</b> </td> <td><b>198</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A mayor and deputy mayor of the council are also elected for a period of 30 months, though not by popular vote. The post of the mayor and deputy mayor are filled through a <a href="/wiki/Racial_quota" title="Racial quota">quota</a> system to a <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Castes_and_Tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Castes and Tribes">Scheduled Castes and Tribes</a> candidate or to an <a href="/wiki/Other_Backward_Class" title="Other Backward Class">Other Backward Class</a> female candidate from among the elected Councillors <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/nov302004/i2.asp">[1]</a>. However, in the absence of an elected body, the BBMP is at present run by an Administrator and a Commissioner, who is appointed by the State Government. The Additional Commissioner is a specially appointed IRS officer. The Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike is responsible for the civic and infrastructural requirements of the city. It often works in conjunction with other civic bodies such as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agenda_for_Bangalore_Infrastructure_Development_Task_Force_(ABIDE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agenda for Bangalore Infrastructure Development Task Force (ABIDE) (page does not exist)">Agenda for Bangalore Infrastructure Development Task Force (ABIDE)</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Development_Authority" title="Bangalore Development Authority">Bangalore Development Authority (BDA)</a> to design and implement civic and infrastructural projects. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zones">Zones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Zones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>BBMP is divided into 8 zones, for the ease of administration each administered by a Zonal Commissioner: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Yelahanka" title="Yelahanka">Yelahaṅka</a> Zone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasarahalli" title="Dasarahalli">Dasarahal̥l̥i</a> Zone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajarajeshwari_Nagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Bangalore">Rājarājēśvarinagara</a> Zone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bommanahalli" title="Bommanahalli">Bommanahal̥l̥i</a> Zone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South" title="South">South</a> Zone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West" title="West">West</a> Zone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East" title="East">East</a> Zone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevapura" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahadevapura">Mahādēvapura</a> Zone</li></ol> <p>As per the BS Patil headed BBMP Restructuring Committee, BBMP is poised to be restructured into 5 smaller palikes functioning under Greater Bengaluru Authority. The present Gandhinagar zone as Central BMP, Dasarahalli, RR Nagar & Vijaynagar zones as West BMP, Yelahanka and Malleshwaram zones as North BMP, Sarvagnanagar & Mahadevapura as East BMP and finally Jayanagar & Bommanahalli zones as South BMP. Every zone has a Joint Commissioner, who is answerable to the BBMP commissioner. The decentralization hasn't been very effective in addressing the problems in administration. The end of 2013 saw discussions in various circles about dividing BBMP into more parts. Therefore, once President's approval to the BBMP Restructuring is accorded, BBMP is to be split into 5 municipal corporations with 400 wards (80 each) and the current BBMP headquarters at NR Square becoming headquarters for the Greater Bengaluru Authority (GBA) with five Mahanagara Palikes under it. The GBA will have a Metropolitan Commissioner (IAS rank – higher administrative grade) and a directly elected Metropolitan Mayor (on the likes of London) with 5-year term. Each palikes too will have a Mayor for 5 years. As per Urban Development Department, Yalahanka and Malleshwara zones will form North Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike, Gandhinagara zone into Central Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike, Dasarahalli, Rajarajeshwari Nagara & Vijayanagara as West Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike, Jayanagara & Bommanahalli as South Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike and Sarvagnanagara & Mahadevapura as East Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike. This move will lead to better civic management, higher power and accountability, greater accessibility to citizens, solve logistical issues, higher tax compliance etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Income_and_expenditure">Income and expenditure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Income and expenditure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The BBMP raises more than half if its annual income from the collection of property tax, a third from State government grants and the remainder received in Central government grants, direct service fees, licences (advertising hoardings) and rent from municipal owned property.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_of_the_BBMP">Role of the BBMP</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Role of the BBMP"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Property_tax_collection">Property tax collection</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Property tax collection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A shift to a unit area self assessment method of property tax collection in Bangalore was successful, leading to a sharp rise in tax collection revenues.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phase one of the reforms starting in 2000 led to a 33 per cent increase in tax revenues, whilst a second phase initiated in 2007 led to a 74 per cent increase the following year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads_and_infrastructure">Roads and infrastructure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Roads and infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bangalore contains approximately 1,920 km of arterial and sub-arterial roads. Roads are badly constructed, full of potholes and frequently dug up and re-laid. The Deccan Herald describes an "unholy nexus of corporators and contractors [...] benefiting from the lucrative business of filling potholes, relaying and asphalting roads annually".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The BBMP came under criticism in 2005 from Information Technology companies for failing to effectively address the crumbling road and traffic infrastructure of the city. </p><p>In July 2005, the <a href="/wiki/Karnataka_High_Court" title="Karnataka High Court">Karnataka High Court</a> castigated the BBMP for failing to maintain roads in good condition. </p><p>The BBMP's contracting system for the city's roads are reported to operate under a corrupt commission system.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When work is tendered and the bid won by a contractor, a percentage (perhaps up to 20%) is paid to the area corporator, MLA and BBMP council. </p><p>In 2015, artist Nanjundaswamy installed a life-size crocodile as a form of protest against 'killer' potholes.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed a month later with the installation of a giant anaconda.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="TenderSURE">TenderSURE</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: TenderSURE"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TenderSURE_urban_road_project_for_Church_Street_in_progress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="workers paving church street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/TenderSURE_urban_road_project_for_Church_Street_in_progress.jpg/315px-TenderSURE_urban_road_project_for_Church_Street_in_progress.jpg" decoding="async" width="315" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/TenderSURE_urban_road_project_for_Church_Street_in_progress.jpg/473px-TenderSURE_urban_road_project_for_Church_Street_in_progress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/TenderSURE_urban_road_project_for_Church_Street_in_progress.jpg/630px-TenderSURE_urban_road_project_for_Church_Street_in_progress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1358" /></a><figcaption>The redevelopment of Church Street under TenderSURE. This is the first road to be paved with granite cobblestones in Bangalore.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In 2011, the <a href="/wiki/Janaagraha" title="Janaagraha">Jana Urban Space Foundation</a> published a document called TenderSURE (Specification for Urban Roads Execution)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which contained detailed guidelines for the design, specifications and procurement contracts needed to bring India's road infrastructure up to an international standard within the Indian context. The purpose of these guidelines was to enable the construction of urban roads that were designed for all road users (cars, buses, autos, bikes, pedestrians, street carts), that integrated all existing networked services (water, sewerage, power, OFC, gas and drainage) with provision for the future, and that would integrate the civic agencies to prevent roads being repeatedly re-dug and relaid. The ultimate objective was to give roads a lifespan of 10 years, instead of the existing one or two. </p><p>In 2012, the Government of Karnataka made budget allocations for 20 pilot roads to be implemented by the BBMP.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first of these roads, including St Marks and Museum Road, where completed in June 2015. Another 50 roads were sanctioned by the Government in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, St Marks Road became a case study for the Global Designing Cities Initiative's Global Urban Streets Guide,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the only model street selected from India.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stormwater_drains">Stormwater drains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Stormwater drains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The BBMP reports that it administers 741 kilometres of storm water drains and another 1,500 km of secondary drains.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large percentage of the Rs 600 crores allocated to the BBMP under the <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_National_Urban_Renewal_Mission" title="Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission">JnNURM</a> scheme for repairs and upgrades of the city's storm water drains is reported to have been siphoned off, leading to a reduction in such funding from the central government.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Garbage_disposal">Garbage disposal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Garbage disposal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangalore_trash_problem_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bangalore_trash_problem_-_panoramio.jpg/182px-Bangalore_trash_problem_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bangalore_trash_problem_-_panoramio.jpg/274px-Bangalore_trash_problem_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bangalore_trash_problem_-_panoramio.jpg/364px-Bangalore_trash_problem_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Rubbish is routinely dumped on the street in Bangalore.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bangalore's waste volumes have grown strongly since 1990 and the BBMP has come under ongoing criticism for its mismanagement of the city's garbage disposal system,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> particularly throughout 2012–13<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when Bangalore was routinely referred to as "Garbage City".<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the closure of Bangalore's two landfill sites in mid-2012 by the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, the BBMP was left without any plan or alternative strategy for disposing of city's 3-4000 tons of daily waste.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Garbage worker strikes<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and High Court rulings requiring the implementation of the Municipal Solid Waste Management Rules 2001 exacerbated the crisis whilst garbage accumulated on every street. The crisis abated somewhat from 2014. </p><p>A 2017 enquiry found no serious scrutiny of waste contractors, with the BBMP reimbursing contractors for around 200 crore in fake bills.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2018, seven waste processing plants are reported to be operating at only one third of their capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_open_space">Public open space</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Public open space"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bangalore contains more than 416 neighbourhood parks. Current Karnataka legislation requires 15% of residential layouts to be retained for public open space, and an additional 10% for civic amenities. However, within the area of the BBMP one study estimated that only 8.4% of the urban area is parkland whilst the 2003 Bangalore Master Plan allocated only 2.01 sq m of green space per citizen, 6.99 sq m less than the minimum recommendation of the World Health Organisation.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By way of comparison, the 'Urban Green Guidelines, 2014' issued by the Government of India calculates the average green space for cities worldwide at 18.6% and Bangalore's area of green space at less than 5%.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bangalore compares unfavourably with <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, which has retained 20% of its urban area as public open space. It also demonstrates a significant deterioration since the 1960, when open space represented 17.2% of the total area.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tree_planting">Tree planting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Tree planting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gulmohar_gate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="shady gulmohar tree overhanging path in lalbagh garden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gulmohar_gate.jpg/333px-Gulmohar_gate.jpg" decoding="async" width="333" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gulmohar_gate.jpg/500px-Gulmohar_gate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gulmohar_gate.jpg/666px-Gulmohar_gate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A Gulmohar tree in Lalbagh Garden, Bangalore. Widely planted in the 1980s these trees are no longer used in the BBMP's <a href="/wiki/Tree_planting" title="Tree planting">tree planting</a> schemes.</figcaption></figure> <p>The BBMP's responsibilities include planting and maintaining street trees. The BBMP has embarked upon numerous tree planting schemes over many decades and with varying levels of success. The most notable period of planting is held to be the period of 1982 and 1987 when Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/R._Gundu_Rao" title="R. Gundu Rao">R Gundu Rao</a> appointed forest officer S G Neginahal to green the streets of Bangalore with more than 15 lakh trees.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His systematic plantation program involved the establishment of new nurseries, the installation of tree guards, a five-year monitoring program and the replacement of any failed plantings.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reported success rate was 97%<sup id="cite_ref-:2_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and most of the mature trees along Bangalore's major avenues date to this era. </p><p>More recently the BBMP has reported that between 2007 and 2013 more than 10 lakh trees have been planted with a survival rate of 64.5%.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These numbers have been contested by civic agencies and citizen groups as inaccurate. The Bangalore-based Environmental Support Group did a ground survey to calculate a survival rate of 20 – 25%, assuming the trees were even planted at all<sup id="cite_ref-:2_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whilst urban conservationist Vijay Nishanth estimates a survival rate of 10%.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The BBMP places responsibility for this with the lack experience of their contractors. Contractors in turn blame the BBMP for failure to release funds and allocating sapling locations in places with no water or suitable growing conditions. </p><p>In 2017 the High Court of Karnataka directed the BBMP to plant an additional 10 lakh street trees and to form greening committees comprising activists and experts, and tree wardens.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To comply with this directive the BBMP launched an app called 'BBMP Green'<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> allowing residents to collect free saplings and plant them on their own streets.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Activists criticised the program for essentially absolving the BBMP of the responsibility to maintain street trees within the city.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The BBMP's tree planting activities contrast unfavourably with the Forestry Department who plants half the number of trees per year at a lower cost and a reportedly 95% survival rate.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>None of the BBMP's replanting schemes have compensated for the ongoing removal of existing trees within the city, both from private property and the destruction of previously planted street trees for street widening purposes. A 2010 study found the density of trees in Bangalore to be lower than many other Asian cities<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with an estimated 50,000 trees lost between the date of publication and 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempegowda_Award" title="Kempegowda Award">Kempegowda Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Municipal corporation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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.id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deccanherald.com/city/bengaluru-infrastructure/new-bbmp-chief-commissioner-inspects-infrastructure-projects-1107607.html">"New BBMP chief commissioner inspects infrastructure projects"</a>. 9 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+BBMP+chief+commissioner+inspects+infrastructure+projects&rft.date=2022-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deccanherald.com%2Fcity%2Fbengaluru-infrastructure%2Fnew-bbmp-chief-commissioner-inspects-infrastructure-projects-1107607.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bbmp.gov.in/">Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike</a>. Official website. Retrieved 5 May 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrasad_Idiculla2014" class="citation news cs1">Prasad Idiculla, Matthew (8 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bengaluru.citizenmatters.in/who-decides-where-your-city-ends-6994">"Who decides where your city ends?"</a>. <i>Citizen Matters</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Citizen+Matters&rft.atitle=Who+decides+where+your+city+ends%3F&rft.date=2014-12-08&rft.aulast=Prasad+Idiculla&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbengaluru.citizenmatters.in%2Fwho-decides-where-your-city-ends-6994&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ashwini Roy, AS (2015) <i>Urban governance in Karnataka</i> (Thesis) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/38495/6/chapter%202.pdf">Chapter 2: Evolution of the Bangalore Municipal Corporation</a>. University of Mysore.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bbmpgov.in/historyofbbmp.html">https://www.bbmpgov.in/historyofbbmp.html</a> History on BBMP</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://218.248.45.172:81/web/guest/about-us;jsessionid=9A469D4416E82C08B0D9929612A48120">http://218.248.45.172:81/web/guest/about-us;jsessionid=9A469D4416E82C08B0D9929612A48120</a> History on Bangalore and BBMP Draft</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.onlinebangalore.com/gove/history-bbmp.html">https://www.onlinebangalore.com/gove/history-bbmp.html</a> History</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ijesc.org/upload/1e7b316ea21a50911682ed2d7134fa52.A%20Study%20on%20Implementation%20of%20Good%20Corporate%20Governance%20by%20Bbmp%20(Bruhath%20Bengaluru%20Mahanagara%20Palike).pdf">https://ijesc.org/upload/1e7b316ea21a50911682ed2d7134fa52.A%20Study%20on%20Implementation%20of%20Good%20Corporate%20Governance%20by%20Bbmp%20(Bruhath%20Bengaluru%20Mahanagara%20Palike).pdf</a> A Study on Implementation of Good Corporate Governance by BBMP (Bruhath Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://data.opencity.in/Documents/DocumentCloud/bbmp-restructuring-fullreport.pdf">https://data.opencity.in/Documents/DocumentCloud/bbmp-restructuring-fullreport.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120858/http://data.opencity.in/Documents/DocumentCloud/bbmp-restructuring-fullreport.pdf">Archived</a> 24 December 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> BBMP restructuring full report</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://civicspace.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Study-of-the-Functioning-of-Ward-Committees-in-Bangalore-2003-1-f-1.pdf">"Functioning of Wards Committees in Bangalore: A Case Study"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Functioning+of+Wards+Committees+in+Bangalore%3A+A+Case+Study&rft.pub=Citizens%E2%80%99+Voluntary+Initiative+for+the+City+of+Bangalore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcivicspace.in%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F10%2FStudy-of-the-Functioning-of-Ward-Committees-in-Bangalore-2003-1-f-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Enter equity – demands from revenue pockets ‘development’ <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://bengaluru.citizenmatters.in/702-bbmp-layouts-702">https://bengaluru.citizenmatters.in/702-bbmp-layouts-702</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.electronic-city.in/about/bbmp-110-villages.php">"constitute the Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (Greater Bangalore Municipal Body)"</a>. 20 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=constitute+the+Bruhat+Bangalore+Mahanagara+Palike+%28Greater+Bangalore+Municipal+Body%29&rft.date=2007-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.electronic-city.in%2Fabout%2Fbbmp-110-villages.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020081154/http://www.bmponline.org/account-dept/Greater_Notification1.PDF">"Notification at BMP website - DRAFT"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 16 January 2007. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Notification+at+BMP+website+-+DRAFT&rft.date=2007-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmponline.org%2Faccount-dept%2FGreater_Notification1.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bbmpelections.in/"><i>BBMP Elections</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BBMP+Elections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbbmpelections.in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deccanherald.com/content/62189/bbmp-election-result-2-pm.html"><i>BBMP Election Results</i></a>, 5 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BBMP+Election+Results&rft.date=2010-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deccanherald.com%2Fcontent%2F62189%2Fbbmp-election-result-2-pm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karnataka Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrabhu2015" class="citation news cs1">Prabhu, Nagesh (20 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/stormy-start-to-special-session-on-trifurcation-of-bbmp/article7122081.ece">"Legislative Assembly passes bill splitting BBMP"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Legislative+Assembly+passes+bill+splitting+BBMP&rft.date=2015-04-20&rft.aulast=Prabhu&rft.aufirst=Nagesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fkarnataka%2Fstormy-start-to-special-session-on-trifurcation-of-bbmp%2Farticle7122081.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRajendran2015" class="citation news cs1">Rajendran, S. 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.whitesuntech.bbmpsaplings&hl=en">"BBMP Green"</a>. <i>Google Play</i>. 28 July 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Play&rft.atitle=BBMP+Green&rft.date=2017-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplay.google.com%2Fstore%2Fapps%2Fdetails%3Fid%3Dcom.whitesuntech.bbmpsaplings%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinto2017" class="citation news cs1">Pinto, Nolan (21 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bengaluru-green-city-bbmp-app-free-saplings-978391-2017-05-21">"BBMP plans to make Bengaluru green again, launches app to give free saplings to citizens"</a>. <i>India Today</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=BBMP+plans+to+make+Bengaluru+green+again%2C+launches+app+to+give+free+saplings+to+citizens&rft.date=2017-05-21&rft.aulast=Pinto&rft.aufirst=Nolan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Findia%2Fstory%2Fbengaluru-green-city-bbmp-app-free-saplings-978391-2017-05-21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYacoob2017" class="citation news cs1">Yacoob, Mohammed (22 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsable.asianetnews.com/karnataka/this-is-why-bbmps-green-app-gives-us-no-hope">"This is why BBMP's 'Green app' gives us no hope"</a>. <i>Asianet Newsable</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asianet+Newsable&rft.atitle=This+is+why+BBMP%27s+%27Green+app%27+gives+us+no+hope&rft.date=2017-05-22&rft.aulast=Yacoob&rft.aufirst=Mohammed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsable.asianetnews.com%2Fkarnataka%2Fthis-is-why-bbmps-green-app-gives-us-no-hope&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagendra2010" class="citation journal cs1">Nagendra, Harini (December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223411963">"Street trees in Bangalore: Density, diversity, composition and distribution"</a>. <i>Urban Forestry & Urban Greening</i>. <b>9</b> (2): 129–137. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ufug.2009.12.005">10.1016/j.ufug.2009.12.005</a> – via ResearchGate.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Forestry+%26+Urban+Greening&rft.atitle=Street+trees+in+Bangalore%3A+Density%2C+diversity%2C+composition+and+distribution&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=129-137&rft.date=2010-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ufug.2009.12.005&rft.aulast=Nagendra&rft.aufirst=Harini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F223411963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalarnkar2016" class="citation news cs1">Halarnkar, Samar (14 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scroll.in/article/811581/the-dying-of-gulmohars-heralds-bangalores-demise-and-is-a-sign-of-urban-indias-forbidding-future">"The dying of gulmohars heralds Bangalore's demise – and is a sign of urban India's forbidding future"</a>. <i>Scroll.in</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scroll.in&rft.atitle=The+dying+of+gulmohars+heralds+Bangalore%27s+demise+%E2%80%93+and+is+a+sign+of+urban+India%27s+forbidding+future&rft.date=2016-07-14&rft.aulast=Halarnkar&rft.aufirst=Samar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscroll.in%2Farticle%2F811581%2Fthe-dying-of-gulmohars-heralds-bangalores-demise-and-is-a-sign-of-urban-indias-forbidding-future&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruhat+Bengaluru+Mahanagara+Palike" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike">Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bbmp.gov.in/">Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newskarnataka.com/bangalore/BBMP-trifurcation-What-will-it-mean-for-citizens-Will-it-work/">BBMP trifurcation: What will it mean for citizens? Will it work?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180707201838/https://www.newskarnataka.com/bangalore/BBMP-trifurcation-What-will-it-mean-for-citizens-Will-it-work">Archived</a> 7 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bangalorenewstoday.com/local-news/bbmp-schools-and-colleges-see-record-rise-in-admissions/">BBMP schools and colleges see record rise in admissions</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bangalorenewstoday.com/https://kushiservices.com/home-deep-cleanings/">Deep cleaning services in bangalore</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_geography_and_environment" title="Bengaluru geography and environment">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mysore_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Mysore Plateau">Mysore Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodda_Alada_Mara" title="Dodda Alada Mara">Dodda Alada Mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turahalli_Forest" title="Turahalli Forest">Turahalli Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandi_Hills,_India" title="Nandi Hills, India">Nandi Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodachadri" title="Kodachadri">Kodachadri Hills</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Lakes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lakes_in_Bengaluru" title="Lakes in Bengaluru">Lakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agara_Lake" title="Agara Lake">Agara Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arekere_Lake" title="Arekere Lake">Arekere Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellandur_Lake" title="Bellandur Lake">Bellandur Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebbal_Lake,_Bengaluru" title="Hebbal Lake, Bengaluru">Hebbal lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesaraghatta_Lake" title="Hesaraghatta Lake">Hesaraghatta Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madivala_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Madivala tank">Madivala tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puttenahalli_Lake_(JP_Nagar)" title="Puttenahalli Lake (JP Nagar)">Puttenahalli Lake (JP Nagar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puttenahalli_Lake_(Yelahanka)" title="Puttenahalli Lake (Yelahanka)">Puttenahalli Lake (Yelahanka)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankey_tank" title="Sankey tank">Sankey tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarakki_lake" title="Sarakki lake">Sarakki lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varthur_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Varthur Lake">Varthur Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibhutipura_Lake" title="Vibhutipura Lake">Vibhutipura Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelahanka_Lake" title="Yelahanka Lake">Yelahanka Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civil <br />administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Agenda_Task_Force" title="Bangalore Agenda Task Force">Bangalore Agenda Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_City_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengaluru City Police">City Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Development_Authority" title="Bangalore Development Authority">Bangalore Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Metropolitan_Region_Development_Authority" title="Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority">Metropolitan Region Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRAI_Bangalore_Regional_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="TRAI Bangalore Regional Office">TRAI Bangalore Regional Office</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Municipal elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989_Bangalore_Municipal_Corporation_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Bangalore Municipal Corporation election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Bangalore_Municipal_Corporation_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Bangalore Municipal Corporation election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Bangalore_Mahanagara_Palike_election" title="2001 Bangalore Mahanagara Palike election">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike_election" title="2010 Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike election">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike_election" title="2015 Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike election"><i>2022</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Municipal <br />Corporation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Bengaluru" title="List of mayors of Bengaluru">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wards_in_Bengaluru" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wards in Bengaluru">List of wards in Bengaluru</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Wards" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Bengaluru" title="Administrative divisions of Bengaluru">Wards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yelahanka_Ward" title="Yelahanka Ward">Yelahanka Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chowdeshwari_Ward" title="Chowdeshwari Ward">Chowdeshwari Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attur_Ward" title="Attur Ward">Attur Ward</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Defunct" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Bengaluru" title="Administrative divisions of Bengaluru">Defunct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wards_in_Bangalore_(1989%E2%80%931995)" title="List of wards in Bangalore (1989–1995)">1989–1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wards_in_Bangalore_(1995%E2%80%932006)" title="List of wards in Bangalore (1995–2006)">1995–2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wards_in_Bangalore_(2009%E2%80%932023)" title="List of wards in Bangalore (2009–2023)">2009–2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attara_Kacheri" title="Attara Kacheri">Attara Kacheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Palace" title="Bangalore Palace">Bangalore Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Town_Hall" title="Bangalore Town Hall">Bangalore Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Central_Prison" title="Bangalore Central Prison">Central Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Chinnaswamy_Stadium" title="M. Chinnaswamy Stadium">Chinnaswamy Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daly_Memorial_Hall" title="Daly Memorial Hall">Daly Memorial Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_High_Court" title="Karnataka High Court">Karnataka High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._R._Market" title="K. R. Market">K. R. Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehru_Planetarium" title="Nehru Planetarium">Nehru Planetarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Utility_Building,_Bengaluru" title="Public Utility Building, Bengaluru">Utility Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidhana_Soudha" title="Vidhana Soudha">Vidhana Soudha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visvesvaraya_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Visvesvaraya Museum">Visvesvaraya Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_Bengaluru" title="World Trade Center Bengaluru">World Trade Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengaluru International Airport">Bengaluru International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAL_Bangalore_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="HAL Bangalore International Airport">HAL Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_City_railway_station" title="Bangalore City railway station">Bangalore City railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_Cantonment_railway_station" title="Bengaluru Cantonment railway station">Bengaluru Cantonment railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesvantpur_Junction_railway_station" title="Yesvantpur Junction railway station">Yesvantpur Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnarajapuram_railway_station" title="Krishnarajapuram railway station">Krishnarajapuram railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_M._Visvesvaraya_Terminal" title="Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal">Sir M. Visvesvaraya Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_Commuter_Rail" title="Bengaluru Commuter Rail">Bengaluru Commuter Rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namma_Metro" title="Namma Metro">Namma Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Metropolitan_Transport_Corporation" title="Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation">BMTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempegowda_Bus_Station" title="Kempegowda Bus Station">Kempegowda Bus Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/100_Feet_Road,_Bengaluru" title="100 Feet Road, Bengaluru">100 Feet Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Road,_Bengaluru" title="Avenue Road, Bengaluru">Avenue Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Highway_87_(Karnataka)" title="State Highway 87 (Karnataka)">Bannerghatta Road</a> (SH 87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigade_Road" title="Brigade Road">Brigade Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Street,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Street, Bangalore">Church Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunningham_Road,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Cunningham Road, Bangalore">Cunningham Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosur_Road" title="Hosur Road">Hosur Road</a> (NH 7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Ring_Road,_Bengaluru" title="Inner Ring Road, Bengaluru">Inner Ring Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J_C_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="J C Road">J C Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasturba_Road,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasturba Road, Bangalore">Kasturba Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavelle_Road" title="Lavelle Road">Lavelle Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M_G_Road,_Bengaluru" title="M G Road, Bengaluru">M.G. Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Highway_17_(Karnataka)" title="State Highway 17 (Karnataka)">Mysore Road</a> (SH 17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_-_Mysore_Infrastructure_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore - Mysore Infrastructure Corridor">NICE Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Airport_Road,_Bengaluru" title="Old Airport Road, Bengaluru">Old Airport Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Ring_Road,_Bengaluru" title="Outer Ring Road, Bengaluru">Outer Ring Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Ring_Road" title="Peripheral Ring Road">Peripheral Ring Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tannery_Road" title="Tannery Road">Tannery Road</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Places_of_worship_in_Bangalore" title="Places of worship in Bangalore">Places of <br />worship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basavanagudi_Nandi_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Basavanagudi Nandi Temple">Bull Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodda_Ganesha_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodda Ganesha Temple">Dodda Ganesha Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavi_Gangadhareshwara_Temple" title="Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple">Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnanakshi_Rajarajeshwari_Temple" title="Jnanakshi Rajarajeshwari Temple">Jnanakshi Rajarajeshwari Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halasuru_Someshwara_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Halasuru Someshwara Temple">Halasuru Someshwara Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON Temple Bangalore">ISKCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kote_Jalakantheshwara_temple" title="Kote Jalakantheshwara temple">Kote Jalakantheshwara temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kote_Venkataramana_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Kote Venkataramana Temple">Kote Venkataramana Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naganatheshwara_temple,_Begur" class="mw-redirect" title="Naganatheshwara temple, Begur">Naganatheshwara Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragigudda_Anjaneya_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Ragigudda Anjaneya temple">Ragigudda Anjaneya Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranganathaswamy_Temple,_Bengaluru" title="Ranganathaswamy Temple, Bengaluru">Ranganathaswamy Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Basilica,_Bengaluru" title="St. Mary's Basilica, Bengaluru">St. Mary's Basilica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Periodic_events" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Periodic events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Fashion_Week" title="Bangalore Fashion Week">Bangalore Fashion Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_International_Film_Festival" title="Bengaluru International Film Festival">Bengaluru International Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Karaga" title="Bangalore Karaga">Bangalore Karaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Habba" title="Japan Habba">Japan Habba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Cinemas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Karnataka" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinema of Karnataka">Kannada films</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Raptors" title="Bangalore Raptors">Bangalore Raptors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_Bulls" title="Bengaluru Bulls">Bengaluru Bulls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_FC" title="Bengaluru FC">Bengaluru FC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Challengers_Bangalore" title="Royal Challengers Bangalore">Royal Challengers Bangalore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Bengaluru" title="Bibliography of Bengaluru">Bibliography of Bengaluru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Agenda_Task_Force" title="Bangalore Agenda Task Force">Bangalore Agenda Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_IT.in" title="Bangalore IT.in">Bangalore IT.in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Linux_User_Group" title="Bangalore Linux User Group">Linux User Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birdwatchers%27_Field_Club_of_Bangalore" title="Birdwatchers' Field Club of Bangalore">Birdwatchers' Field Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bannerghatta_Biological_Park" title="Bannerghatta Biological Park">Bannerghatta Biological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugle_Rock" title="Bugle Rock">Bugle Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubbon_Park" title="Cubbon Park">Cubbon Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Park,_Bengaluru" title="Freedom Park, Bengaluru">Freedom Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Bagh" title="Lal Bagh">Lal Bagh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Localities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Localities</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North <br />Bengaluru</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbigere" title="Abbigere">Abbigere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babusapalya" title="Babusapalya">Babusapalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagalur,_Bangalore_Urban" title="Bagalur, Bangalore Urban">Bagalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banaswadi" title="Banaswadi">Banaswadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikkabanavara" title="Chikkabanavara">Chikkabanavara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devara_Jeevanahalli" title="Devara Jeevanahalli">Devara Jeevanahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollars_Colony" title="Dollars Colony">Dollars Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganganagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganganagar, Bangalore">Ganganagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebbal,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebbal, Bangalore">Hebbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horamavu" title="Horamavu">Horamavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunasamaranahalli" title="Hunasamaranahalli">Hunasamaranahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalahalli" title="Jalahalli">Jalahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakkur" title="Jakkur">Jakkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalkere" title="Kalkere">Kalkere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyan_Nagar" title="Kalyan Nagar">Kalyan Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammanahalli" title="Kammanahalli">Kammanahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodigehalli" title="Kodigehalli">Kodigehalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothnur" title="Kothnur">Kothnur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingarajapuram" title="Lingarajapuram">Lingarajapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariyannapalya" title="Mariyannapalya">Mariyannapalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathikere" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathikere">Mathikere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathkur" title="Mathkur">Mathkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muthyalanagar" title="Muthyalanagar">Muthyalanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._T._Nagar" title="R. T. Nagar">R. T. Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramachandrapura" title="Ramachandrapura">Ramachandrapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadashivanagar" title="Sadashivanagar">Sadashivanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahakara_Nagar" title="Sahakara Nagar">Sahakara Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjaynagar" title="Sanjaynagar">Sanjaynagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanisandra" title="Thanisandra">Thanisandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thindlu" title="Thindlu">Thindlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyaranyapura" title="Vidyaranyapura">Vidyaranyapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelahanka" title="Yelahanka">Yelahanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West <br />Bengaluru</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basaveshwaranagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Basaveshwaranagar">Basaveshwaranagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharathnagar" title="Bharathnagar">Bharathnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasarahalli" title="Dasarahalli">Dasarahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herohalli" title="Herohalli">Herohalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamakshipalya" title="Kamakshipalya">Kamakshipalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kengeri" title="Kengeri">Kengeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbalgodu" title="Kumbalgodu">Kumbalgodu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahalakshmi_Layout" title="Mahalakshmi Layout">Mahalakshmi Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_Colony" title="Milk Colony">Milk Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagarbhavi" title="Nagarbhavi">Nagarbhavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandini_Layout" title="Nandini Layout">Nandini Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayandahalli" title="Nayandahalli">Nayandahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peenya" title="Peenya">Peenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajajinagar" title="Rajajinagar">Rajajinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajarajeshwari_Nagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Bangalore">Rajarajeshwari Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ullalu" title="Ullalu">Ullalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Vijayanagar, Bangalore">Vijayanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malleswaram" class="mw-redirect" title="Malleswaram">Malleswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_Guttahalli" title="Palace Guttahalli">Palace Guttahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyalikaval" title="Vyalikaval">Vyalikaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeswanthpur" title="Yeswanthpur">Yeswanthpur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central <br />Bengaluru</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Austin Town">Austin Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Cantonment" title="Bangalore Cantonment">Bangalore Cantonment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Central_Business_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore Central Business District">Bangalore Central Business District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru_Pete" title="Bengaluru Pete">Bengaluru Pete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamrajpet" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamrajpet">Chamarajapet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickpet" title="Chickpet">Chickpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhi_Nagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandhi Nagar, Bangalore">Gandhinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Town,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond Town, Bangalore">Richmond Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seshadripuram" title="Seshadripuram">Seshadripuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivajinagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Shivajinagar, Bangalore">Shivajinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasanth_Nagar" title="Vasanth Nagar">Vasanth Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivek_Nagar" title="Vivek Nagar">Vivek Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Garden" title="Wilson Garden">Wilson Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooke_Town" title="Cooke Town">Cooke Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox_Town,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Cox Town, Bangalore">Cox Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_Town,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraser Town, Bangalore">Frazer Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adugodi" title="Adugodi">Adugodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halasuru" class="mw-redirect" title="Halasuru">Halasuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_Town,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Murphy Town, Bangalore">Murphy Town</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East <br />Bengaluru</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baiyyappanahalli" title="Baiyyappanahalli">Baiyyappanahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belathur" title="Belathur">Belathur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellandur" title="Bellandur">Bellandur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binnamangala_Manavarthe_Kaval" title="Binnamangala Manavarthe Kaval">B. M. Kaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookefield" title="Brookefield">Brookefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CV_Raman_Nagar" title="CV Raman Nagar">CV Raman Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domlur" title="Domlur">Domlur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dommasandra,_Bangalore_Urban" class="mw-redirect" title="Dommasandra, Bangalore Urban">Dommasandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejipura" title="Ejipura">Ejipura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garudacharpalya" title="Garudacharpalya">Garudacharpalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._M._Palya" title="G. M. Palya">G. M. Palya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoodi" title="Hoodi">Hoodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immadihalli" title="Immadihalli">Immadihalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiranagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiranagar, Bangalore">Indiranagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeevanbheemanagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeevanbheemanagar">Jeevan Bhima Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadugodi" title="Kadugodi">Kadugodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaggadasapura" title="Kaggadasapura">Kaggadasapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodihalli,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodihalli, Bangalore">Kodihalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koramangala" title="Koramangala">Koramangala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnarajapuram" title="Krishnarajapuram">Krishnarajapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalahalli" title="Kundalahalli">Kundalahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevapura" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahadevapura">Mahadevapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathahalli" title="Marathahalli">Marathahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murugeshpalya" title="Murugeshpalya">Murugeshpalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varthur" title="Varthur">Varthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimanapura" title="Vimanapura">Vimanapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitefield,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitefield, India">Whitefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemalur" title="Yemalur">Yemalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramamurthy_Nagar" title="Ramamurthy Nagar">Ramamurthy Nagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South <br />Bengaluru</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agara,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Agara, Bangalore">Agara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananthnagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ananthnagar">Ananthnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjanapura" title="Anjanapura">Anjanapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arekere" title="Arekere">Arekere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banashankari" title="Banashankari">Banashankari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basavanagudi" title="Basavanagudi">Basavanagudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begur,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Begur, Bangalore">Begur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilekahalli" title="Bilekahalli">Bilekahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bommanahalli" title="Bommanahalli">Bommanahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bommasandra" title="Bommasandra">Bommasandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTM_Layout" title="BTM Layout">BTM Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelaram" title="Carmelaram">Carmelaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandapura" title="Chandapura">Chandapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikkalasandra" title="Chikkalasandra">Chikkalasandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_City" title="Electronic City">Electronic City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girinagar" title="Girinagar">Girinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottigere" title="Gottigere">Gottigere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanumanthanagar,_Bengaluru" title="Hanumanthanagar, Bengaluru">Hanumanthanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebbagodi" title="Hebbagodi">Hebbagodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSR_Layout" title="HSR Layout">HSR Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulimavu" title="Hulimavu">Hulimavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ittamadu" title="Ittamadu">Ittamadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Jayanagar, Bangalore">Jayanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigani" title="Jigani">Jigani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayaprakash_Nagar,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Jayaprakash Nagar, Bangalore">J. P. Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaggalipura" title="Kaggalipura">Kaggalipura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konanakunte" title="Konanakunte">Konanakunte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konappana_Agrahara" title="Konappana Agrahara">Konappana Agrahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumaraswamy_Layout" title="Kumaraswamy Layout">Kumaraswamy Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madiwala" title="Madiwala">Madiwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabhanagar" title="Padmanabhanagar">Padmanabhanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puttenahalli" title="Puttenahalli">Puttenahalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikaripalya" title="Shikaripalya">Shikaripalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singasandra" title="Singasandra">Singasandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suddaguntepalya" title="Suddaguntepalya">Suddaguntepalya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanjaneyanagar" title="Ramanjaneyanagar">Ramanjaneyanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taverekere" class="mw-redirect" title="Taverekere">Taverekere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyagarajanagar" title="Thyagarajanagar">Thyagarajanagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarahalli" title="Uttarahalli">Uttarahalli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Institutions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Institutions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="List of schools in Bangalore">List of schools in Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_International_School" title="Bangalore International School">Bangalore International School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Cotton_Boys%27_School" title="Bishop Cotton Boys' School">Bishop Cotton Boys' School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldwin_Boys_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Baldwin Boys High School">Baldwin Boys High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendriya_Vidyalaya_Hebbal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kendriya Vidyalaya Hebbal">KV Hebbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallya_Aditi_International_School" title="Mallya Aditi International School">Mallya Aditi International School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Public_School,_Indiranagar" title="National Public School, Indiranagar">National Public School, Indiranagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph%27s_Indian_High_School" title="St. Joseph's Indian High School">St. Joseph's Indian High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St.Germain_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="St.Germain High School">St.Germain High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkat_International_Public_School" title="Venkat International Public School">Venkat International Public School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Higher <br />education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangalore_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Bangalore colleges">List of Bangalore colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acharya_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Acharya Institute of Technology">Acharya Institute of Technology</a></li> <li>Al-Ameen College of Law</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_University" title="Bangalore University">Bangalore University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Institute_of_Technology" title="Bangalore Institute of Technology">Bangalore Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_Medical_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore Medical College">Bangalore Medical College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B.M.S._College_of_Engineering" title="B.M.S. College of Engineering">B.M.S. College of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_University" title="Christ University">Christ University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Sagar_College_of_Engineering" title="Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering">Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Astrophysics" title="Indian Institute of Astrophysics">Indian Institute of Astrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Management_Bangalore" title="Indian Institute of Management Bangalore">Indian Institute of Management Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Science" title="Indian Institute of Science">Indian Institute of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Statistical_Institute" title="Indian Statistical Institute">Indian Statistical Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_of_Information_Technology_-_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="International Institute of Information Technology - Bangalore">International Institute of Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Fashion_Technology" title="National Institute of Fashion Technology">National Institute of Fashion Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Law_School_of_India_University" title="National Law School of India University">National Law School of India University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_College,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="National College, Bangalore">National College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Development_of_Advanced_Computing" title="Centre for Development of Advanced Computing">National Centre for Software Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._V._College_of_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="R. V. College of Engineering">Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_M_Visvesvaraya_Institute_Of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute Of Technology">Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute Of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Agricultural_Sciences,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore">University of Agricultural Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UVCE" class="mw-redirect" title="UVCE">University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Institute_of_Management_and_Entrepreneurship" title="Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship">Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Hospitals" title="Apollo Hospitals">Apollo Hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowring_%26_Lady_Curzon_Hospitals" title="Bowring & Lady Curzon Hospitals">Bowring & Lady Curzon Hospitals</a></li> <li>Fortis Hospitals</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOSMAT" title="HOSMAT">HOSMAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_Institute_of_Child_Health,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore">Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidwai_Memorial_Institute_of_Oncology" title="Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology">Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minto_eye_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Minto eye hospital">Minto eye hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Hrudayalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Narayana Hrudayalaya">Narayana Hrudayalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Centre_for_Biological_Sciences" title="National Centre for Biological Sciences">NCBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Mental_Health_and_Neurosciences" title="National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences">NIMHANS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjay_Gandhi_Institute_of_Trauma_and_Orthopaedics" title="Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Trauma and Orthopaedics">Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Trauma and Orthopaedics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDS_Tuberculosis_Sanatorium" title="SDS Tuberculosis Sanatorium">SDS Tuberculosis Sanatorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Medical_College" title="St. John's Medical College">St. John's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanivilas_Women_and_Children_Hospital" title="Vanivilas Women and Children Hospital">Vanivilas Women and Children Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Hospital_(Bangalore_Medical_College)" title="Victoria Hospital (Bangalore Medical College)">Victoria Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangalore_telecom_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Bangalore telecom companies">List of Bangalore telecom companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Aeronautics_Limited" title="Hindustan Aeronautics Limited">Hindustan Aeronautics Limited</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/16px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/24px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" 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class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chola temples in Bangalore">Chola temples in Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Bangalore">Economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&oldid=1260292883">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bruhat_Bengaluru_Mahanagara_Palike&oldid=1260292883</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Municipal_corporations_in_Karnataka" 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