CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>穆格台菲 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"dfb57594-0337-4a94-8917-8bb357358977","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"穆格台菲","wgTitle":"穆格台菲","wgCurRevisionId":83641468,"wgRevisionId":83641468,"wgArticleId":5500381,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["含有阿拉伯語的條目","1096年出生","1160年逝世","阿拔斯王朝哈里发"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"穆格台菲","wgRelevantArticleId":5500381,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true, "wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":2000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q293617","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles": "ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame" ,"ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="穆格台菲 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-穆格台菲 rootpage-穆格台菲 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">穆格台菲</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。25种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="محمد المقتفي لأمر الله – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محمد المقتفي لأمر الله" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%81%DB%8C" title="مقتفی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مقتفی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtaf%C3%AD_(abb%C3%A0ssida)" title="Al-Muqtafí (abbàssida) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Al-Muqtafí (abbàssida)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi" title="Al-Muqtafi – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Al-Muqtafi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi" title="Al-Muqtafi – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Al-Muqtafi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muktafi_(31-a_abasida_kalifo)" title="Al-Muktafi (31-a abasida kalifo) – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Al-Muktafi (31-a abasida kalifo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi_II" title="Al-Muqtafi II – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Al-Muqtafi II" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%81%DB%8C" title="مقتفی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مقتفی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi" title="Al-Muqtafi – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Al-Muqtafi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%99" title="אל-מקתפי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אל-מקתפי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muktafi_abb%C3%A1szida_kalifa_(1136%E2%80%931160)" title="Al-Muktafi abbászida kalifa (1136–1160) – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Al-Muktafi abbászida kalifa (1136–1160)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi" title="Al-Muqtafi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Al-Muqtafi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi" title="Al-Muqtafi – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Al-Muqtafi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A0%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC_(12%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80)" title="ムクタフィー (12世紀) – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ムクタフィー (12世紀)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ალ-მუკთაფი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალ-მუკთაფი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%8A" title="المقتفي – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="المقتفي" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="مقتفي لأمر الله – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مقتفي لأمر الله" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoctafi_II" title="Almoctafi II – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Almoctafi II" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Аль-Муктафи Лиамриллах – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аль-Муктафи Лиамриллах" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81" title="المکتفی لامراللہ – 色莱基语" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="المکتفی لامراللہ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="色莱基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafi" title="Al-Muqtafi – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Al-Muqtafi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muktef%C3%AE" title="Muktefî – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Muktefî" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96" title="Мухаммад аль-Муктафі – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мухаммад аль-Муктафі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81" title="المقتفی لامر اللہ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="المقتفی لامر اللہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muqtafiy" title="Al-Muqtafiy – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Al-Muqtafiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q293617#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&oldid=83641468" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&id=83641468&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25A9%2586%25E6%25A0%25BC%25E5%258F%25B0%25E8%258F%25B2"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25A9%2586%25E6%25A0%25BC%25E5%258F%25B0%25E8%258F%25B2"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q293617" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-9649bd81" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-9649bd81" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="伊斯蘭"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; font-size: 125%">穆格台菲</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a>哈里發</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">統治</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1136年8月17日－1160年3月12日</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">前任</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉希德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">拉希德</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">繼任</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em 0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1096年3月9日</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1160年3月12日</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E4%BB%A3" title="朝代">朝代</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">父親</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="穆斯塔齊爾">穆斯塔齊爾</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">宗教信仰</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%9C%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" title="遜尼派">遜尼派</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>穆格台菲</b>（阿拉伯语：<span lang="ar" dir="rtl">المقتفي لأمر</span>‎，<i>Al-Muqtafi</i>，1096年3月9日—1160年3月11日），<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a>的第三十一代哈里發。1096年3月9日出生，父亲是第二十八代哈里发<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="穆斯塔齊爾">穆斯塔齊爾</a>，1136年8月17日继承侄子<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉希德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">拉希德</a>，成为哈里发。在位期間<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E6%9F%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="塞尔柱帝国">塞爾柱帝國</a>內部的持續分裂和競爭為穆格台菲提供了復甦哈里發權威機會。1157年塞爾柱嘗試再次進攻巴格達失敗，塞爾柱蘇丹控制哈里發的時代宣告結束。穆格台菲於1160年3月12日去世，由儿子<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德</a>即位。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：參考"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Mingana, A. A Charter of Protection Granted to the Nestorian Church in AD 1138 by Muktafi II, Caliph of Baghdad. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulletin_of_the_John_Rylands_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulletin of the John Rylands Library（页面不存在）">Bulletin of the John Rylands Library</a>. 1926, <b>10</b> (1): 126–133. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7227%2FBJRL.10.1.6"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.7227/BJRL.10.1.6</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&rft.atitle=A+Charter+of+Protection+Granted+to+the+Nestorian+Church+in+AD+1138+by+Muktafi+II%2C+Caliph+of+Baghdad&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.aulast=Mingana&rft.date=1926&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+John+Rylands+Library&rft.pages=126-133&rft.volume=10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7227%2FBJRL.10.1.6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto !important; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>穆格台菲 </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>出生于：</b>1096年</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>逝世於：</b>1160年</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:#FABE60;" class="skin-invert"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%9C%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE" title="遜尼派">伊斯蘭教遜尼派頭銜</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1">前任者：<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉希德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">拉希德</a> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>阿拔斯王朝<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="哈里发列表">哈里發</a></b><br />1136年－1160年 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1">繼任者：<br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="阿拔斯王朝哈里发" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="Template:阿拔斯王朝哈里发"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:阿拔斯王朝哈里发（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:阿拔斯王朝哈里发"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="阿拔斯王朝哈里发" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="哈里发">哈里发</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达">巴格达</a>哈里发<br />（749–1258）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%B3%95%E8%B5%AB_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="薩法赫 (阿拔斯哈里發)">萨法赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E8%98%87%E7%88%BE_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="曼蘇爾 (阿拔斯哈里發)">曼苏尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="马赫迪 (阿拔斯哈里发)">马赫迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="哈迪 (阿拔斯哈里发)">哈迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="哈伦·拉希德">哈伦·拉希德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%98%8E_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="阿明 (阿拔斯哈里發)">阿明</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%8D%9C%E6%8B%89%E6%AC%A3%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA" title="易卜拉欣·伊本·马赫迪">易卜拉欣·伊本·马赫迪</a></i><sup>[B]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%92%99_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="馬蒙 (阿拔斯哈里發)">马蒙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%A7%86" title="穆阿台绥姆">穆阿台绥姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%A5%BF%E6%A0%BC" title="瓦西格">瓦提克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92" title="穆塔瓦基勒">穆塔瓦基勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%B0%94" title="孟台绥尔">蒙塔塞爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9B%A0_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔因 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯塔因一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E8%8C%B2" title="穆阿台茲">穆阿台茲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆赫塔迪">穆赫塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7" title="穆阿台米德">穆阿台米德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7" title="穆阿台迪德">穆阿台迪德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%8F%B2" title="穆克塔菲">穆克塔菲一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE" title="穆克塔迪爾">穆克塔迪爾一世</a></li> <li><i><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿卜杜拉·本·穆塔兹" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E5%85%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿卜杜拉·本·穆塔兹（页面不存在）">阿卜杜拉·本·穆塔兹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdallah_ibn_al-Mu%27tazz" class="extiw" title="en:Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abdallah ibn al-Mu'tazz</span></a></span>）</span></span></i><sup>[B]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡希爾 (哈里發)">卡希爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉迪 (哈里發)">拉迪一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%8F%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="穆台基">穆台基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔克菲 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯塔克菲一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8F%90" title="穆提">穆提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%8A" title="塔伊">塔伊一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE" title="卡迪爾">卡迪爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡伊姆 (阿拔斯哈里發)">卡伊姆一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆克塔迪">穆克塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="穆斯塔齊爾">穆斯塔齊爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="穆斯塔爾希德">穆斯塔爾希德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉希德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">拉希德二世</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">穆克塔菲二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆斯塔迪">穆斯塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E8%B3%BD%E7%88%BE_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="納賽爾 (哈里發)">納賽爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE" title="查希爾">查希爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%B6%8F%E7%88%BE%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯坦綏爾一世">穆斯坦綏爾一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E6%9C%A8" title="穆斯台绥木">穆斯台绥木</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">被<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9C%A8%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="马木路克">马木路克</a>带到<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E7%BD%97" title="开罗">开罗</a>的<br />阿拔斯哈里发<br />（1261–1517）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%B6%8F%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯坦綏爾二世">穆斯坦綏爾二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%9F%BA%E5%A7%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="哈基姆一世">哈基姆一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔克菲一世">穆斯塔克菲一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E6%8F%90%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="瓦提克一世">瓦提克一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%9F%BA%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="哈基姆二世">哈基姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔迪德一世">穆塔迪德一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒一世">穆塔瓦基勒一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆阿台绥姆二世">穆阿台绥姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒一世">穆塔瓦基勒一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E6%8F%90%E5%85%8B%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="瓦提克二世">瓦提克二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%A7%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆阿台绥姆二世">穆阿台绥姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒一世">穆塔瓦基勒一世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9B%A0_(%E9%96%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔因 (開羅哈里發)">穆斯塔因二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔迪德二世">穆塔迪德二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯塔克菲二世">穆斯塔克菲二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86_(%E9%96%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡伊姆 (開羅哈里發)">卡伊姆二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%96%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (開羅哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒二世">穆塔瓦基勒二世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A7%86%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%8B" title="穆斯塔姆西克">穆斯塔姆西克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒三世">穆塔瓦基勒三世</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A7%86%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%8B" title="穆斯塔姆西克">穆斯塔姆西克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="穆塔瓦基勒三世">穆塔瓦基勒三世</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>[B]</sup>：短暂即位的哈里发，仅得到巴格达承认</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="阿拔斯哈里发国（750–1258）" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="Template:阿拔斯王朝"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:阿拔斯王朝（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:阿拔斯王朝"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="阿拔斯哈里发国（750–1258）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯哈里发国</a><span style="font-size:smaller;">（750–1258）</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="历史" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">历史</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left; font-weight:normal"><div style="float: left;"><b>起源</b></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E9%A9%AC%E4%BA%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="倭马亚王朝">倭马亚哈里发国</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯兰教第三次内战" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Third Fitna"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E5%86%85%E6%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯兰教第三次内战（页面不存在）">伊斯兰教第三次内战</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Fitna" class="extiw" title="en:Third Fitna"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Third Fitna</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈希米叶派" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hashimiyya"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%B8%8C%E7%B1%B3%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈希米叶派（页面不存在）">哈希米叶派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashimiyya" class="extiw" title="en:Hashimiyya"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hashimiyya</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left; font-weight:normal"><div style="float: left;"><b>早期</b><br /><span style="font-size:smaller;">（750–833）</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">建立</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拔斯运动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abbasid Revolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拔斯运动（页面不存在）">阿拔斯运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Revolution" class="extiw" title="en:Abbasid Revolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abbasid Revolution</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97" title="阿布·穆斯林">阿布·穆斯林</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%B3%95%E8%B5%AB_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="薩法赫 (阿拔斯哈里發)">萨法赫</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9B%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" title="怛罗斯战役">怛罗斯之战</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E8%98%87%E7%88%BE_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="曼蘇爾 (阿拔斯哈里發)">曼苏尔</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿里派起义 (762年–763年)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Alid revolt of 762–763"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E6%B4%BE%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89_(762%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%93763%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿里派起义 (762年–763年)（页面不存在）">阿里派起义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alid_revolt_of_762%E2%80%93763" class="extiw" title="en:Alid revolt of 762–763"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Alid revolt of 762–763</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE%E5%9C%86%E5%9F%8E" title="巴格达圆城">巴格达圆城</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拔斯–加洛林联盟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abbasid–Carolingian alliance"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E2%80%93%E5%8A%A0%E6%B4%9B%E6%9E%97%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拔斯–加洛林联盟（页面不存在）">阿拔斯–加洛林联盟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid%E2%80%93Carolingian_alliance" class="extiw" title="en:Abbasid–Carolingian alliance"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abbasid–Carolingian alliance</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">极盛</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="马赫迪 (阿拔斯哈里发)">马赫迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91)" title="哈迪 (阿拔斯哈里发)">哈迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="哈伦·拉希德">哈伦·赖世德</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%88%BE%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F" title="巴爾馬克家族">巴尔马克家族</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拔斯王朝进攻小亚细亚 (806年)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (806)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E8%BF%9B%E6%94%BB%E5%B0%8F%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%86%E4%BA%9A_(806%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拔斯王朝进攻小亚细亚 (806年)（页面不存在）">攻陷赫拉克里亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_invasion_of_Asia_Minor_(806)" class="extiw" title="en:Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (806)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (806)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%98%8E_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="阿明 (阿拔斯哈里發)">艾敏</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯兰教第四次内战" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fourth Fitna"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E5%86%85%E6%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯兰教第四次内战（页面不存在）">伊斯兰教第四次内战</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Fitna" class="extiw" title="en:Fourth Fitna"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fourth Fitna</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%92%99_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="馬蒙 (阿拔斯哈里發)">马蒙</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="翻譯運動">希腊文献翻译运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AA%E9%BD%8A%E8%B3%B4%E6%B4%BE" title="穆爾太齊賴派">穆尔太齐赖派</a>与<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="米哈奈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mihna"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E5%A5%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米哈奈（页面不存在）">米哈奈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihna" class="extiw" title="en:Mihna"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mihna</span></a></span>）</span></span>（宗教裁判）</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left; font-weight:normal"><div style="float: left;"><b>阿拔斯帝国<br />的分裂</b><br /><span style="font-size:smaller;">(833–946)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拔斯王朝的萨迈拉时期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abbasid Samarra"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%9A%84%E8%90%A8%E8%BF%88%E6%8B%89%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拔斯王朝的萨迈拉时期（页面不存在）">萨迈拉时期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Samarra" class="extiw" title="en:Abbasid Samarra"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abbasid Samarra</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%A7%86" title="穆阿台绥姆">穆阿台绥姆</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="塔希爾王朝">塔希尔王朝</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="攻陷阿莫里乌姆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sack of Amorium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BB%E9%99%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C%E4%B9%8C%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="攻陷阿莫里乌姆（页面不存在）">攻陷阿莫里乌姆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sack_of_Amorium" class="extiw" title="en:Sack of Amorium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sack of Amorium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%A5%BF%E6%A0%BC" title="瓦西格">瓦西格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E7%93%A6%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92" title="穆塔瓦基勒">穆塔瓦基勒</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="萨迈拉动乱期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Anarchy at Samarra"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%A8%E8%BF%88%E6%8B%89%E5%8A%A8%E4%B9%B1%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="萨迈拉动乱期（页面不存在）">萨迈拉动乱期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchy_at_Samarra" class="extiw" title="en:Anarchy at Samarra"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Anarchy at Samarra</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E5%B0%94" title="孟台绥尔">孟台绥尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9B%A0_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔因 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯台因</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E8%8C%B2" title="穆阿台茲">穆阿台兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E8%B5%AB%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆赫塔迪">穆赫塔迪</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%A5%E8%8A%9D%E5%8F%9B%E4%BA%82" title="津芝叛亂">黑奴叛乱</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈瓦利吉派起义 (866年–899年)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kharijite Rebellion (866–896)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%93%A6%E5%88%A9%E5%90%89%E6%B4%BE%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89_(866%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%93899%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈瓦利吉派起义 (866年–899年)（页面不存在）">哈瓦利吉派起义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharijite_Rebellion_(866%E2%80%93896)" class="extiw" title="en:Kharijite Rebellion (866–896)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kharijite Rebellion (866–896)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="薩法爾王朝">萨法尔王朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E4%BC%A6%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="突伦王朝">突伦王朝</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">复兴</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7" title="穆阿台米德">穆阿台米德</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆瓦法格" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Muwaffaq"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%93%A6%E6%B3%95%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆瓦法格（页面不存在）">穆瓦法格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Muwaffaq" class="extiw" title="en:al-Muwaffaq"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Muwaffaq</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B0%E8%BF%AA%E5%BE%B7" title="穆阿台迪德">穆阿台迪德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%8F%B2" title="穆克塔菲">穆克台菲</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">崩溃</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE" title="穆克塔迪爾">穆格台迪尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡希爾 (哈里發)">嘎希尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉迪 (哈里發)">拉迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%8F%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="穆台基">穆台基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯塔克菲 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯克台菲</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆尼斯·穆扎法尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mu'nis al-Muzaffar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E6%89%8E%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆尼斯·穆扎法尔（页面不存在）">穆尼斯·穆扎法尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%27nis_al-Muzaffar" class="extiw" title="en:Mu'nis al-Muzaffar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mu'nis al-Muzaffar</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布·哈桑·阿里·本·富拉特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Furat"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E6%A1%91%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E5%AF%8C%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布·哈桑·阿里·本·富拉特（页面不存在）">阿布·哈桑·阿里·本·富拉特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu%27l-Hasan_Ali_ibn_al-Furat" class="extiw" title="en:Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Furat"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Furat</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿里·本·伊萨·本·杰拉赫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ali ibn Isa ibn al-Jarrah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E8%90%A8%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿里·本·伊萨·本·杰拉赫（页面不存在）">阿里·本·伊萨·本·杰拉赫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_Isa_ibn_al-Jarrah" class="extiw" title="en:Ali ibn Isa ibn al-Jarrah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ali ibn Isa ibn al-Jarrah</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="贝杰凯姆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bajkam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%9D%E6%9D%B0%E5%87%AF%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贝杰凯姆（页面不存在）">贝杰凯姆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajkam" class="extiw" title="en:Bajkam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bajkam</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布·阿卜杜拉·贝里迪" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abu Abdallah al-Baridi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%9C%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E9%87%8C%E8%BF%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布·阿卜杜拉·贝里迪（页面不存在）">阿布·阿卜杜拉·贝里迪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Abdallah_al-Baridi" class="extiw" title="en:Abu Abdallah al-Baridi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abu Abdallah al-Baridi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳西尔·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasir al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳西尔·道莱（页面不存在）">纳西尔·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasir_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Nasir al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasir al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="盖尔麦泰派" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Qarmatians"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%94%E9%BA%A6%E6%B3%B0%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盖尔麦泰派（页面不存在）">盖尔麦泰派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qarmatians" class="extiw" title="en:Qarmatians"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Qarmatians</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left; font-weight:normal"><div style="float: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="白益王朝">白益王朝</a>控制时期</b><br /><span style="font-size:smaller;">（946–1055）</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">哈里发</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%8F%90" title="穆提">穆提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%8A" title="塔伊">塔伊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E7%88%BE" title="卡迪爾">嘎迪尔</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴格达宣言" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Baghdad Manifesto"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴格达宣言（页面不存在）">巴格达宣言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad_Manifesto" class="extiw" title="en:Baghdad Manifesto"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Baghdad Manifesto</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡伊姆 (阿拔斯哈里發)">嘎伊姆</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">白益王朝埃米尔</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆仪兹·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mu'izz al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E4%BB%AA%E5%85%B9%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆仪兹·道莱（页面不存在）">穆仪兹·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%27izz_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Mu'izz al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mu'izz al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊兹·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Izz al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E5%85%B9%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊兹·道莱（页面不存在）">伊兹·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izz_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Izz al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Izz al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9D%9C%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1" title="阿杜德·道莱">阿杜德·道莱</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="萨木萨木·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Samsam al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%A8%E6%9C%A8%E8%90%A8%E6%9C%A8%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="萨木萨木·道莱（页面不存在）">萨木萨木·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsam_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Samsam al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Samsam al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="舍莱弗·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sharaf al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8D%E8%8E%B1%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="舍莱弗·道莱（页面不存在）">舍莱弗·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharaf_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Sharaf al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sharaf al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伯哈义·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Baha al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%AF%E5%93%88%E4%B9%89%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伯哈义·道莱（页面不存在）">伯哈义·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baha_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Baha al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Baha al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="苏丹·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sultan al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏丹·道莱（页面不存在）">苏丹·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Sultan al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sultan al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆沙拉夫·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Musharrif al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%B2%99%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆沙拉夫·道莱（页面不存在）">穆沙拉夫·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musharrif_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Musharrif al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Musharrif al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="贾拉勒·道莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jalal al-Dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%BE%E6%8B%89%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贾拉勒·道莱（页面不存在）">贾拉勒·道莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalal_al-Dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Jalal al-Dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jalal al-Dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%88%A9%E8%B4%BE%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="阿布·卡利贾尔">阿布·卡利贾尔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马利克·赖希姆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Malik al-Rahim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E5%B8%8C%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马利克·赖希姆（页面不存在）">马利克·赖希姆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Malik_al-Rahim" class="extiw" title="en:al-Malik al-Rahim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Malik al-Rahim</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left; font-weight:normal"><div style="float: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E6%9F%B1%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="塞爾柱王朝">塞尔柱王朝</a>控制时期</b><br /><span style="font-size:smaller;">（1055–1157）</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">哈里发</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="卡伊姆 (阿拔斯哈里發)">嘎伊姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆克塔迪">穆克塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E9%BD%8A%E7%88%BE" title="穆斯塔齊爾">穆斯台兹希尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="穆斯塔爾希德">穆斯台尔什德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="拉希德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">赖世德</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">穆格台菲</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">塞尔柱苏丹</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E8%B5%AB%E9%87%8C%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%A0%BC" title="图赫里勒·贝格">突格里勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD" title="阿爾普·阿爾斯蘭">阿尔普·阿尔斯兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%8B%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="马立克沙一世">马立克沙一世</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马哈茂德一世 (大塞尔柱)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mahmud I of Great Seljuk"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%93%88%E8%8C%82%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E5%A4%A7%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E6%9F%B1)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马哈茂德一世 (大塞尔柱)（页面不存在）">马哈茂德一世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahmud_I_of_Great_Seljuk" class="extiw" title="en:Mahmud I of Great Seljuk"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mahmud I of Great Seljuk</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%88%BE%E5%9F%BA%E9%9B%85%E9%AD%AF%E5%85%8B" title="巴爾基雅魯克">巴尔基雅鲁克</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马立克沙二世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malik-Shah II"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%8B%E6%B2%99%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马立克沙二世（页面不存在）">马立克沙二世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik-Shah_II" class="extiw" title="en:Malik-Shah II"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malik-Shah II</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆罕默德一世·塔帕尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Muhammad I Tapar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德一世·塔帕尔（页面不存在）">穆罕默德一世·塔帕尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_I_Tapar" class="extiw" title="en:Muhammad I Tapar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Muhammad I Tapar</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%A1%91%E8%B4%BE%E5%B0%94" title="艾哈迈德·桑贾尔">艾哈迈德·桑贾尔</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left; font-weight:normal"><div style="float: left;"><b>最后时期</b> <span style="font-size:smaller;">（1157–1258）</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="哈里发" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">哈里发</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">穆格台菲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E5%BE%B7_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="穆斯坦吉德 (阿拔斯哈里發)">穆斯坦吉德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E8%BF%AA" title="穆斯塔迪">穆斯塔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E8%B3%BD%E7%88%BE_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E7%99%BC)" title="納賽爾 (哈里發)">纳赛尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE" title="查希爾">扎希尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%B6%8F%E7%88%BE%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="穆斯坦綏爾一世">穆斯坦绥尔</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆斯坦绥尔伊斯兰学校" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mustansiriya Madrasah"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%BB%A5%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆斯坦绥尔伊斯兰学校（页面不存在）">穆斯坦绥尔伊斯兰学校</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustansiriya_Madrasah" class="extiw" title="en:Mustansiriya Madrasah"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mustansiriya Madrasah</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%B0%E7%BB%A5%E6%9C%A8" title="穆斯台绥木">穆斯台绥木</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(1258%E5%B9%B4)" title="巴格达之战 (1258年)">巴格达陷落</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left; font-weight:normal"><div style="float: left;"><b>后裔</b></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E7%A9%86%E9%B2%81%E5%85%8B%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="马穆鲁克苏丹国">马穆鲁克苏丹国</a>治下<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开罗的阿拔斯哈里发" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abbasid caliphs of Cairo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E7%BD%97%E7%9A%84%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开罗的阿拔斯哈里发（页面不存在）">开罗的阿拔斯哈里发</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_caliphs_of_Cairo" class="extiw" title="en:Abbasid caliphs of Cairo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abbasid caliphs of Cairo</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="地理" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">地理</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔米尼亚">阿尔米尼亚</a>（亚美尼亚）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" title="東阿拉伯半島">巴林</a>（东阿拉伯）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%94%E5%85%B0%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0" title="昔兰尼加">拜尔盖</a>（昔兰尼加）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%BF%97" title="漢志">漢志</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%BA%E5%8F%B6" title="易弗里基叶">易弗里基叶</a>（北非）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊拉克 (地区)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Iraq (region)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B_(%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊拉克 (地区)（页面不存在）">伊拉克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_(region)" class="extiw" title="en:Iraq (region)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Iraq (region)</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="萨瓦德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sawad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%A8%E7%93%A6%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="萨瓦德（页面不存在）">萨瓦德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawad" class="extiw" title="en:Sawad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sawad</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="贾兹拉 (哈里发国行省)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Jazira (caliphal province)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%BE%E5%85%B9%E6%8B%89_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贾兹拉 (哈里发国行省)（页面不存在）">贾兹拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Jazira_(caliphal_province)" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Jazira (caliphal province)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Jazira (caliphal province)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉巴勒" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jibal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉巴勒（页面不存在）">吉巴勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibal" class="extiw" title="en:Jibal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jibal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%91%BC%E7%BD%97%E7%8F%8A" title="大呼罗珊">呼罗珊</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拉伯信德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arab Sind"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E4%BF%A1%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拉伯信德（页面不存在）">信德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Sind" class="extiw" title="en:Arab Sind"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arab Sind</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%A7%86%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="沙姆地区">沙姆</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="关隘地带 (哈里发国)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Awasim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B3%E9%9A%98%E5%9C%B0%E5%B8%A6_(%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="关隘地带 (哈里发国)（页面不存在）">关隘地带</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Awasim" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Awasim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Awasim</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乌尔敦驻军区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jund al-Urdunn"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E6%95%A6%E9%A9%BB%E5%86%9B%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乌尔敦驻军区（页面不存在）">乌尔敦驻军区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jund_al-Urdunn" class="extiw" title="en:Jund al-Urdunn"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jund al-Urdunn</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大马士革驻军区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jund Dimashq"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E9%A9%BB%E5%86%9B%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大马士革驻军区（页面不存在）">大马士革驻军区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jund_Dimashq" class="extiw" title="en:Jund Dimashq"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jund Dimashq</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="菲莱斯廷驻军区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jund Filastin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%B2%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E5%BB%B7%E9%A9%BB%E5%86%9B%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菲莱斯廷驻军区（页面不存在）">菲莱斯廷驻军区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jund_Filastin" class="extiw" title="en:Jund Filastin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jund Filastin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希姆斯驻军区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jund Hims"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E9%A9%BB%E5%86%9B%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希姆斯驻军区（页面不存在）">希姆斯驻军区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jund_Hims" class="extiw" title="en:Jund Hims"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jund Hims</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="根奈斯林驻军区" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jund Qinnasrin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%B9%E5%A5%88%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E9%A9%BB%E5%86%9B%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="根奈斯林驻军区（页面不存在）">根奈斯林驻军区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jund_Qinnasrin" class="extiw" title="en:Jund Qinnasrin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jund Qinnasrin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="塔巴里斯坦">塔巴里斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8" title="也门">也门</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="政治与军事" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">政治与军事</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">宫殿与中央机关</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%97%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%E4%B9%8B%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94" title="众埃米尔之埃米尔">众埃米尔之埃米尔</a>（大元帅）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="邮政部 (阿拉伯帝国)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Barid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%AE%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邮政部 (阿拉伯帝国)（页面不存在）">邮政部</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barid" class="extiw" title="en:Barid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Barid</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="侍从长 (阿拉伯)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hajib"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%8D%E4%BB%8E%E9%95%BF_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="侍从长 (阿拉伯)（页面不存在）">侍从长</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajib" class="extiw" title="en:Hajib"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hajib</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拔斯王朝的后宫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abbasid harem"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8E%E5%AE%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拔斯王朝的后宫（页面不存在）">后宫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_harem" class="extiw" title="en:Abbasid harem"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abbasid harem</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="迈扎林" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mazalim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%88%E6%89%8E%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迈扎林（页面不存在）">迈扎林</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazalim" class="extiw" title="en:Mazalim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mazalim</span></a></span>）</span></span>（上诉院）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%AE%98%E5%93%A1" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝官員">官员</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="荣誉长袍" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Robe of honour"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8D%A3%E8%AA%89%E9%95%BF%E8%A2%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="荣誉长袍（页面不存在）">荣誉长袍</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robe_of_honour" class="extiw" title="en:Robe of honour"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Robe of honour</span></a></span>）</span></span>与<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="提拉兹" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="tiraz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E6%8B%89%E5%85%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提拉兹（页面不存在）">提拉兹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/tiraz" class="extiw" title="en:tiraz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">tiraz</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="警察 (阿拉伯帝国)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shurta"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="警察 (阿拉伯帝国)（页面不存在）">警察</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shurta" class="extiw" title="en:Shurta"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shurta</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="维齐尔 (阿拔斯王朝)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vizier (Abbasid Caliphate)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E9%BD%90%E5%B0%94_(%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="维齐尔 (阿拔斯王朝)（页面不存在）">维齐尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizier_(Abbasid_Caliphate)" class="extiw" title="en:Vizier (Abbasid Caliphate)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vizier (Abbasid Caliphate)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">财政制度</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%95%E8%90%AC" title="底萬">底万</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%94" title="伊克塔">伊克塔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="赫拉杰" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kharaj"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E6%9D%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赫拉杰（页面不存在）">赫拉杰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharaj" class="extiw" title="en:Kharaj"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kharaj</span></a></span>）</span></span>（土地税）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">军事</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国家之子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abna al-dawla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E4%B9%8B%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国家之子（页面不存在）">国家之子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abna_al-dawla" class="extiw" title="en:Abna al-dawla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abna al-dawla</span></a></span>）</span></span>（呼罗珊禁卫军）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="古拉姆">古拉姆</a>（突厥奴隶禁卫军）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝战役（页面不存在）">战役</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%B0%87%E9%A0%98" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝將領">将领</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝戰爭">战争</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="宗教与法律" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">宗教与法律</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝伊斯兰教（页面不存在）">伊斯兰教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AA%E9%BD%8A%E8%B3%B4%E6%B4%BE" title="穆爾太齊賴派">穆尔太齐赖派</a>与<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="米哈奈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mihna"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E5%A5%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米哈奈（页面不存在）">米哈奈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihna" class="extiw" title="en:Mihna"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mihna</span></a></span>）</span></span>（宗教裁判）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%B8" title="伊斯蘭教法學">伊斯兰教法学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E4%B9%83%E6%96%90%E6%B4%BE" title="哈乃斐派">哈乃斐派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%95%E7%99%BE%E9%87%8C%E6%B4%BE" title="罕百里派">罕百里派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%96%90%E4%BB%AA%E6%B4%BE" title="沙斐仪派">沙斐仪派</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%9C%E5%B0%BC%E6%B4%BE%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88" title="遜尼派復興">逊尼派复兴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE" title="什叶派">什叶派</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E4%BC%8A%E7%8E%9B%E7%9B%AE%E6%B4%BE" title="十二伊玛目派">十二伊玛目派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%9B%E4%BB%AA%E6%B4%BE" title="伊斯玛仪派">伊斯玛仪派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="盖尔麦泰派" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Qarmatians"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%94%E9%BA%A6%E6%B3%B0%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盖尔麦泰派（页面不存在）">盖尔麦泰派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qarmatians" class="extiw" title="en:Qarmatians"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Qarmatians</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="什叶派世纪" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shi'a Century"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%80%E5%8F%B6%E6%B4%BE%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="什叶派世纪（页面不存在）">什叶派世纪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27a_Century" class="extiw" title="en:Shi'a Century"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shi'a Century</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E7%B1%B3" title="齐米">齐米</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝基督教（页面不存在）">基督教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%8A%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝犹太人及犹太教（页面不存在）">犹太人与犹太教</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="胡拉米教派" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Khurramites"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%A1%E6%8B%89%E7%B1%B3%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胡拉米教派（页面不存在）">胡拉米教派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khurramites" class="extiw" title="en:Khurramites"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Khurramites</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="文化与社会" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">文化与社会</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝建筑">建筑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝文学">文学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝音乐家（页面不存在）">音乐家</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝科学（页面不存在）">学术</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="翻譯運動">希腊文献翻译运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E4%B9%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="智慧之家">智慧宫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="伊斯兰哲学">伊斯兰哲学</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=穆格台菲&oldid=83641468">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=穆格台菲&oldid=83641468</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1096%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%BA%E7%94%9F" title="Category:1096年出生">1096年出生</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1160%E5%B9%B4%E9%80%9D%E4%B8%96" title="Category:1160年逝世">1160年逝世</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%91" title="Category:阿拔斯王朝哈里发">阿拔斯王朝哈里发</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有阿拉伯語的條目">含有阿拉伯語的條目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年8月1日 (星期四) 11:59。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ksxdk","wgBackendResponseTime":200,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.558","walltime":"0.679","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4904,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":386730,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":41617,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":61,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":19776,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 577.735 1 -total"," 51.02% 294.747 9 Template:Navbox"," 31.58% 182.448 1 Template:阿拔斯王朝"," 30.82% 178.051 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 20.07% 115.964 60 Template:Link-en"," 16.12% 93.151 1 Template:Abbasids"," 15.84% 91.525 1 Template:Lang-ar"," 15.45% 89.250 1 Template:Infobox_monarch"," 11.11% 64.207 1 Template:Infobox"," 7.51% 43.385 1 Template:NoteTA"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.338","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15489741,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d89b5d4c4-4788n","timestamp":"20241120120920","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u7a46\u683c\u53f0\u83f2","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A9%86%E6%A0%BC%E5%8F%B0%E8%8F%B2","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q293617","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q293617","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2016-11-04T02:34:54Z","dateModified":"2024-08-01T11:59:38Z"}</script> </body> </html>