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<!doctype html> <html lang="ru"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../css/place-article.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.7.1/dist/leaflet.css" integrity="sha512-xodZBNTC5n17Xt2atTPuE1HxjVMSvLVW9ocqUKLsCC5CXdbqCmblAshOMAS6/keqq/sMZMZ19scR4PsZChSR7A==" crossorigin=""/> <script src="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.7.1/dist/leaflet.js" integrity="sha512-XQoYMqMTK8LvdxXYG3nZ448hOEQiglfqkJs1NOQV44cWnUrBc8PkAOcXy20w0vlaXaVUearIOBhiXZ5V3ynxwA==" crossorigin=""></script> </head> <body> <header class="site-header"> <div class="site-header--content-box"> <div class="flag1"> <div class="flag2"> <div class="flag3"> <div class="site-header--content"> <div class="site-header__titletext"> <div class="site-header__title">袧邪褉芯写薪邪褟褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟谐芯褉芯写芯胁懈褉械谐懈芯薪芯胁袪芯褋褋懈懈</div> <div class="site-header__subtitle"><a href="../../index.html">芦袦芯泄袚芯褉芯写禄</a></div> </div> <nav class="site-nav"> <ul class="site-nav__items"> <li class="site-nav__item"><a href="../../regs/index.html">袪械谐懈芯薪褘</a></li> <li class="site-nav__item"><a href="../../cities/index.html">袚芯褉芯写邪</a></li> <li class="site-nav__item"><a href="../../pgts/index.html">袩袚孝</a></li> <li class="site-nav__item"><a href="../../stat/index.html">小褌邪褌懈褋褌懈泻邪</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main> <article> <header><h1 class="area-title"><img src="../../image/gerbflag/grb53401f.png" title="袚械褉斜袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐邪" height="140" class="visible-box">袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐<br> <br>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻邪褟芯斜谢邪褋褌褜<img src="../../image/gerbflag/flg53401f.png" title="肖谢邪谐袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐邪" width="160" class="visible-box"></h1></header> <nav class="info-nav"> <div class="shortest-items-list div-bottom div-up"> <p>袨斜褖邪褟懈薪褎芯褉屑邪褑懈褟</p> <p><a href="statT0.html">袧邪褋械谢械薪懈械</a></p> <p><a href="statT1.html">协泻芯薪芯屑懈泻邪</a></p> <p><a href="statT2.html">小芯褑懈邪谢褜薪邪褟褋褎械褉邪</a></p> <p><a href="statT3.html">小褌褉芯懈褌械谢褜褋褌胁芯懈褌褉邪薪褋锌芯褉褌</a></p> </div> </nav>  <div id="yandex_rtb_R-A-50183-1"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(w, d, n, s, t) { w[n] = w[n] || []; w[n].push(function() { Ya.Context.AdvManager.render({ blockId: "R-A-50183-1", renderTo: "yandex_rtb_R-A-50183-1", async: true }); }); t = d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s = d.createElement("script"); s.type = "text/javascript"; s.src = "//an.yandex.ru/system/context.js"; s.async = true; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); })(this, this.document, "yandexContextAsyncCallbacks"); </script> <aside> <table> <tbody> <tr><td>袨褋薪芯胁邪薪懈械 (锌械褉胁芯械褍锌芯屑懈薪邪薪懈械)</td><td>1743</td></tr> <tr><td>小褌邪褌褍褋谐芯褉芯写邪</td><td>1743</td></tr> <tr><td>效懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟, 褔械谢.</td><td>536<span class="sm_size"> </span>862 (2024)</td></tr> <tr><td>孝械褉褉懈褌芯褉懈褟 (褌褘褋. 泻胁. 泻屑)</td><td>0.259</td></tr> <tr><td>袚械芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻邪褟褕懈褉芯褌邪</td><td>51°46′</td></tr> <tr><td>袚械芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻邪褟写芯谢谐芯褌邪</td><td>55°6′</td></tr> <tr><td>袙褘褋芯褌邪薪邪写褍褉芯胁薪械屑屑芯褉褟, 屑</td><td>110</td></tr> <tr><td>效邪褋芯胁芯泄锌芯褟褋</td><td>MSK +2</td></tr> <tr><td>孝械谢械褎芯薪薪褘泄泻芯写</td><td>3532</td></tr> <tr><td>袩芯褔褌芯胁褘泄懈薪写械泻褋</td><td>460000…460999</td></tr> <tr><td>袣芯写袨袣袗孝袨</td><td>53401</td></tr> <tr><td>袣芯写袨袣孝袦袨</td><td>53<span class="sm_size"> </span>701<span class="sm_size"> </span>000<span class="sm_size"> </span>001</td></tr> </tbody> </table> </aside> <h2>袨谐芯褉芯写械</h2> <p>袚芯褉芯写袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟褑械薪褌褉芯屑 <a href="../index.html">袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄芯斜谢邪褋褌懈</a>. 携胁谢褟械褌褋褟褋邪屑褘屑褋褌邪褉懈薪薪褘屑锌芯锌芯谢褍褔械薪懈褞褋褌邪褌褍褋邪谐芯褉芯写邪胁芯斜谢邪褋褌懈.</p> <p>袪邪褋褋褌芯褟薪懈械写芯褑械薪褌褉邪谐芯褉芯写邪袦芯褋泻胁褘锌芯泻邪褉褌械 - 1227 泻屑 (薪邪褋械胁械褉芯-蟹邪锌邪写). 袪邪褋褋褌芯褟薪懈械锌芯泻邪褔械褋褌胁械薪薪褘屑邪胁褌芯屑芯斜懈谢褜薪褘屑写芯褉芯谐邪屑 - 1456 泻屑.</p> <p>袞.写. 胁芯泻蟹邪谢袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐. 袞.写. 谢懈薪懈懈袦芯褋泻胁邪 – 袨褉褋泻, 小邪薪泻褌-袩械褌械褉斜褍褉谐 – 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐, 袝泻邪褌械褉懈薪斜褍褉谐 – 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐.</p> <p>袪邪褋锌芯谢芯卸械薪胁褞卸薪芯屑袩褉械写褍褉邪谢褜械, 薪邪褉. 校褉邪谢, 斜谢懈蟹胁锌邪写械薪懈褟胁薪械褢褉. 小邪泻屑邪褉邪. 校蟹械谢卸.写. 谢懈薪懈泄懈邪胁褌芯屑芯斜懈谢褜薪褘褏写芯褉芯谐.</p> <p>袣谢懈屑邪褌褉械蟹泻芯-泻芯薪褌懈薪械薪褌邪谢褜薪褘泄. 小褉械写薪懈械褌械屑锌械褉邪褌褍褉褘褟薪胁邪褉褟 -16, 懈褞谢褟 +20. 袨褋邪写泻芯胁 300-450 屑屑胁谐芯写.</p> <p>袚芯褉芯写褉邪薪械械薪邪蟹褘胁邪谢褋褟: 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐 (写芯 1938), 效泻邪谢芯胁 (1938 - 1957).</p> <p><a href="/cgi-bin/moonsun.cgi?OKATO=53401">袙褉械屑褟胁芯褋褏芯写邪懈蟹邪褏芯写邪小芯谢薪褑邪懈袥褍薪褘胁谐芯褉芯写械袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐.</a></p> <div id="inf_hmn_pl"></div> <script type="text/javascript" charset="windows-1251" src="//informer.hmn.ru:8101/types/info.js?value=35121&type=14_4&ws=1"></script> <h2>袗写屑懈薪懈褋褌褉邪褌懈胁薪芯-褌械褉褉懈褌芯褉懈邪谢褜薪芯械褍褋褌褉芯泄褋褌胁芯</h2> <p>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐 - 褑械薪褌褉 <a href="../../orenburg_obl/rmaps.html">袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄芯斜谢邪褋褌懈</a>.</p> <p>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟褑械薪褌褉芯屑屑褍薪懈褑懈锌邪谢褜薪芯谐芯褉邪泄芯薪邪 - “<a href="../district/raj53634.html">袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻懈泄屑褍薪懈褑懈锌邪谢褜薪褘泄褉邪泄芯薪</a>”.</p> <p>孝邪泻卸械袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟褑械薪褌褉芯屑谐芯褉芯写褋泻芯谐芯芯泻褉褍谐邪 - “<a href="../district/raj53701.html">谐芯褉芯写袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐</a>”.</p> <p>袙褋芯褋褌邪胁谐芯褉芯写邪袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐胁褏芯写褟褌褋谢械写褍褞褖懈械谐芯褉芯写褋泻懈械褉邪泄芯薪褘:</p> <table> <thead> <tr><th>N</th><th>袧邪蟹胁邪薪懈械</th><th>效懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜<br>薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟<br>褌褘褋褟褔卸懈褌械谢械泄</th><th>袚芯写</th></tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr><td class="td__center">1</td><td>袛蟹械褉卸懈薪褋泻懈泄</td><td class="td__center">143.7</td><td class="td__center">2024</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2</td><td>袥械薪懈薪褋泻懈泄</td><td class="td__center">214.2</td><td class="td__center">2024</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">3</td><td>袩褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪褘泄</td><td class="td__center">100.4</td><td class="td__center">2024</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">4</td><td>笑械薪褌褉邪谢褜薪褘泄</td><td class="td__center">78.6</td><td class="td__center">2024</td></tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>袣邪褉褌邪谐芯褉芯写邪</h2> <div id="mapid"></div> <script> var mymap = L.map('mapid').setView([51.7666667, 55.1000000], 14); L.tileLayer('https://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png', { maxZoom: 19, attribution: '© <a href="https://openstreetmap.org/copyright">OpenStreetMap contributors</a>' }).addTo(mymap); L.control.scale().addTo(mymap); </script> <h2>袪邪褋褋褌芯褟薪懈械写芯斜谢懈卸邪泄褕懈褏谐芯褉芯写芯胁懈泻褉褍锌薪褘褏薪邪褋械谢褢薪薪褘褏锌褍薪泻褌芯胁</h2> <p>袧懈卸械锌褉懈胁械写械薪邪懈薪褎芯褉屑邪褑懈褟芯褉邪褋褋褌芯褟薪懈懈芯褌谐芯褉芯写邪袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐写芯斜谢懈卸邪泄褕懈褏谐芯褉芯写芯胁懈泻褉褍锌薪械泄褕懈褏薪邪褋械谢褢薪薪褘褏锌褍薪泻褌芯胁. 袩褉懈胁械写械薪褘褉邪褋褋褌芯褟薪懈褟胁泻懈谢芯屑械褌褉邪褏锌芯泻邪褉褌械, 胁褋泻芯斜泻邪褏 - 褉邪褋褋褌芯褟薪懈械锌芯邪胁褌芯写芯褉芯谐邪屑. 袧邪褋械谢褢薪薪褘械锌褍薪泻褌褘锌芯屑械褖械薪褘胁褋械泻褌芯褉邪 (褋械胁械褉, 褞谐芯-蟹邪锌邪写, 胁芯褋褌芯泻懈褌.锌.) 锌芯薪邪锌褉邪胁谢械薪懈褞写胁懈卸械薪懈褟芯褌褑械薪褌褉邪谐芯褉芯写邪.</p> <div class="distance-board"> <div class="distance-board__to-city-outer distance-board__north distance-board__west"><div class="distance-board__to-city"><div class=" visible-box"><svg width="50" height="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[ .arrow {stroke:white; fill:white;} ]]> </style> <g id="arrownw"> <path class="arrow" d="M31 43 l0 -18 6 0 -12 -18 -12 18 6 0 -0 18 z"/> </g> </defs> <title>Arrow for directions</title> <desc>Base arrow that can be used for directions (with appropriate rotation applied)</desc> <use xlink:href="#arrownw" transform="rotate(315, 25, 25)"/></svg></div><div class="distance-board__distance-cell"><p><a href="../../orenburg_obl/sorochinsk/index.html">小芯褉芯褔懈薪褋泻</a></p><p>151</p><p> [168]</p><p>孝芯褑泻芯械袙褌芯褉芯械</p><p>177</p><p> [199]</p></div></div></div> <div class="distance-board__to-city-outer distance-board__north"><div class="distance-board__to-city"><div class=" visible-box"><svg width="50" height="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[ .arrow {stroke:white; fill:white;} ]]> </style> <g id="arrown"> <path class="arrow" d="M31 43 l0 -18 6 0 -12 -18 -12 18 6 0 -0 18 z"/> </g> </defs> <title>Arrow for directions</title> <desc>Base arrow that can be used for directions (with appropriate rotation applied)</desc> <use xlink:href="#arrown"/></svg></div><div class="distance-board__distance-cell"><p><a href="../../r_bashkortst/salavat/index.html">小邪谢邪胁邪褌<br>(袪械褋锌褍斜谢懈泻邪袘邪褕泻芯褉褌芯褋褌邪薪)</a></p><p>185</p><p> [209]</p><p><a href="../../r_bashkortst/ishimbaj/index.html">袠褕懈屑斜邪泄<br>(袪械褋锌褍斜谢懈泻邪袘邪褕泻芯褉褌芯褋褌邪薪)</a></p><p>197</p><p> [225]</p></div></div></div> <div class="distance-board__to-city-outer distance-board__north distance-board__east"><div class="distance-board__to-city"><div class="distance-board__to-city--arrow-right visible-box"><svg width="50" height="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[ .arrow {stroke:white; fill:white;} ]]> </style> <g id="arrowne"> <path class="arrow" d="M31 43 l0 -18 6 0 -12 -18 -12 18 6 0 -0 18 z"/> </g> </defs> <title>Arrow for directions</title> <desc>Base arrow that can be used for directions (with appropriate rotation applied)</desc> <use xlink:href="#arrowne" transform="rotate(45, 25, 25)"/></svg></div><div class="distance-board__distance-cell"><p><a href="../../r_bashkortst/kumertau/index.html">袣褍屑械褉褌邪褍<br>(袪械褋锌褍斜谢懈泻邪袘邪褕泻芯褉褌芯褋褌邪薪)</a></p><p>120</p><p> [138]</p><p><a href="../../r_bashkortst/meleuz/index.html">袦械谢械褍蟹<br>(袪械褋锌褍斜谢懈泻邪袘邪褕泻芯褉褌芯褋褌邪薪)</a></p><p>144</p><p> [159]</p></div></div></div> <div class="distance-board__to-city-outer distance-board__west"><div class="distance-board__to-city"><div class=" visible-box"><svg width="50" height="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[ .arrow {stroke:white; fill:white;} ]]> </style> <g id="arroww"> <path class="arrow" d="M31 43 l0 -18 6 0 -12 -18 -12 18 6 0 -0 18 z"/> </g> </defs> <title>Arrow for directions</title> <desc>Base arrow that can be used for directions (with appropriate rotation applied)</desc> <use xlink:href="#arroww" transform="rotate(270, 25, 25)"/></svg></div><div class="distance-board__distance-cell"><p>袧芯胁芯褋械褉谐懈械胁泻邪</p><p>105</p><p> [118]</p><p>袠谢械泻</p><p>121</p><p> [131]</p></div></div></div> <div class="distance-board__from-city-outer"><div class="distance-board__from-city">袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐</div></div> <div class="distance-board__to-city-outer distance-board__east"><div class="distance-board__to-city"><div class="distance-board__to-city--arrow-right visible-box"><svg width="50" height="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[ .arrow {stroke:white; fill:white;} ]]> </style> <g id="arrowe"> <path class="arrow" d="M31 43 l0 -18 6 0 -12 -18 -12 18 6 0 -0 18 z"/> </g> </defs> <title>Arrow for directions</title> <desc>Base arrow that can be used for directions (with appropriate rotation applied)</desc> <use xlink:href="#arrowe" transform="rotate(90, 25, 25)"/></svg></div><div class="distance-board__distance-cell"><p>袧械卸懈薪泻邪</p><p>18</p><p> [20]</p><p>小邪褉邪泻褌邪褕</p><p>86</p><p> [98]</p><p><a href="../../orenburg_obl/kuvandyk/index.html">袣褍胁邪薪写褘泻</a></p><p>158</p><p> [192]</p><p><a href="../../orenburg_obl/mednogorsk/index.html">袦械写薪芯谐芯褉褋泻</a></p><p>176</p><p> [213]</p></div></div></div> <div></div> <div class="distance-board__to-city-outer distance-board__south"><div class="distance-board__to-city"><div class="distance-board__to-city--arrow-right visible-box"><svg width="50" height="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[ .arrow {stroke:white; fill:white;} ]]> </style> <g id="arrows"> <path class="arrow" d="M31 43 l0 -18 6 0 -12 -18 -12 18 6 0 -0 18 z"/> </g> </defs> <title>Arrow for directions</title> <desc>Base arrow that can be used for directions (with appropriate rotation applied)</desc> <use xlink:href="#arrows" transform="rotate(180, 25, 25)"/></svg></div><div class="distance-board__distance-cell"><p><a href="../../orenburg_obl/soljileck/index.html">小芯谢褜-袠谢械褑泻</a></p><p>67</p><p> [72]</p><p>袗泻斜褍谢邪泻</p><p>92</p><p> [119]</p></div></div></div> <div class="distance-board__to-city-outer distance-board__south distance-board__east"><div class="distance-board__to-city"><div class="distance-board__to-city--arrow-right visible-box"><svg width="50" height="50" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 50 50" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[ .arrow {stroke:white; fill:white;} ]]> </style> <g id="arrowse"> <path class="arrow" d="M31 43 l0 -18 6 0 -12 -18 -12 18 6 0 -0 18 z"/> </g> </defs> <title>Arrow for directions</title> <desc>Base arrow that can be used for directions (with appropriate rotation applied)</desc> <use xlink:href="#arrowse" transform="rotate(135, 25, 25)"/></svg></div><div class="distance-board__distance-cell"><p>袠胁邪薪芯胁泻邪</p><p>8</p><p> [13]</p></div></div></div> </div> <h2>袠褋褌芯褉懈褟</h2> <p>袩械褉胁芯薪邪褔邪谢褜薪芯斜褘谢芯褋薪芯胁邪薪胁 1735 谐. 泻邪泻泻褉械锌芯褋褌褜褍胁锌邪写械薪懈褟褉. 袨褉褜胁褉. 携懈泻 (褋芯胁褉械屑械薪薪芯械薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈械 - 校褉邪谢), 芯褌褋褞写邪薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈械袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐. 袙 1740 谐. 谐芯褉芯写斜褘谢蟹邪谢芯卸械薪薪邪薪芯胁芯屑屑械褋褌械 - 薪邪袣褉邪褋薪芯泄袚芯褉械 (薪懈卸械锌芯褉. 携懈泻) 褋褋芯褏褉邪薪械薪懈械屑锌褉械卸薪械谐芯薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈褟. 小褌邪褉褘泄谐芯褉芯写斜褘谢薪邪蟹胁邪薪袨褉褋泻芯泄泻褉械锌芯褋褌褜褞 (褋芯胁褉械屑械薪薪褘泄谐芯褉芯写袨褉褋泻). 袙 1743 谐. 谐芯褉芯写斜褘谢锌械褉械薪械褋褢薪胁褌褉械褌懈泄褉邪蟹, 泻蟹邪锌邪写褍, 薪邪屑械褋褌芯袘械褉写褋泻芯泄泻褉械锌芯褋褌懈 (芯褋薪芯胁邪薪邪胁 1737 谐.). 袚芯褉芯写薪邪袣褉邪褋薪芯泄袚芯褉械锌褉芯写芯谢卸邪谢褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪褌褜锌芯写薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈械屑袣褉邪褋薪芯谐芯褉褋泻邪褟泻褉械锌芯褋褌褜 (薪褘薪械褋械谢芯袣褉邪褋薪芯谐芯褉小邪褉邪泻褌邪褕褋泻芯谐芯褉邪泄芯薪邪).</p> <p>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐 - "袨褉褋泻邪褟泻褉械锌芯褋褌褜", 褏芯褌褟褋械泄褔邪褋芯薪薪邪褏芯写懈褌褋褟锌芯褔褌懈胁 300 泻屑芯褌褉械泻懈袨褉褜. 袚懈写褉芯薪懈屑袨褉褜懈蟹褌褞褉泻褋泻芯谐芯芯褉 "褉芯胁, 泻邪薪邪胁邪", 邪褌邪泻卸械 "写芯谢懈薪邪, 谢芯谐, 褉褍褋谢芯, 芯胁褉邪谐".</p> <p>袙 18 - 锌械褉胁芯泄锌芯谢芯胁懈薪械 19 胁胁. 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐 - 谐谢邪胁薪邪褟泻褉械锌芯褋褌褜袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄锌芯谐褉邪薪懈褔薪芯泄谢懈薪懈懈 (褍锌褉邪蟹写薪械薪邪胁 1862 谐.).</p> <p>小 1744 谐. 褑械薪褌褉袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄谐褍斜械褉薪懈懈邪褌邪泻卸械锌褉芯胁懈薪褑懈懈, 褋 1781 谐. - 褑械薪褌褉袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄芯斜谢邪褋褌懈校褎懈屑褋泻芯谐芯薪邪屑械褋褌薪懈褔械褋褌胁邪, 芯写薪芯胁褉械屑械薪薪芯褉械蟹懈写械薪褑懈褟薪邪褔邪谢褜薪懈泻邪袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯谐芯泻褉邪褟. 袙 1796-1802 谐谐. 褑械薪褌褉袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄谐褍斜械褉薪懈懈, 褋 1865 谐. 胁薪芯胁褜谐褍斜械褉薪褋泻懈泄褑械薪褌褉.</p> <p>小 1748 谐. 胁芯械薪薪褘泄懈邪写屑懈薪懈褋褌褉邪褌懈胁薪褘泄褑械薪褌褉袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯谐芯泻邪蟹邪褔褜械谐芯胁芯泄褋泻邪.</p> <p>小 5 芯泻褌褟斜褉褟 1773 谐. 写芯 23 屑邪褉褌邪 1774 谐. 斜褘谢芯褋邪卸写褢薪邪褉屑懈械泄袝屑械谢褜褟薪邪袩褍谐邪褔褢胁邪.</p> <p>袙 1856 谐. 胁褍械蟹写薪芯屑谐芯褉芯写械袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄谐褍斜械褉薪懈懈薪邪褋褔懈褌褘胁邪谢芯褋褜 12 褑械褉泻胁械泄, 1676 写芯屑芯胁, 688 谢邪胁芯泻.</p> <p>袨褋芯斜械薪薪芯褋褌褜褞袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐邪泻邪泻邪写屑懈薪懈褋褌褉邪褌懈胁薪芯谐芯褑械薪褌褉邪斜褘谢芯褉邪褋锌褉芯褋褌褉邪薪械薪懈械械谐芯褉芯谢懈薪邪褌械褉褉懈褌芯褉懈懈, 泻泻芯褌芯褉褘屑芯薪薪械锌褉懈薪邪写谢械卸邪谢. 袙 1850-81 谐谐. 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐 - 褑械薪褌褉谐械薪械褉邪谢-谐褍斜械褉薪邪褌芯褉褋褌胁邪. 袛芯 1868 谐. 蟹写械褋褜薪邪褏芯写懈谢懈褋褜褍褔褉械卸写械薪懈褟, 胁械写邪胁褕懈械锌芯谐褉邪薪懈褔薪褘屑懈写械谢邪屑懈, 褍锌褉邪胁谢械薪懈械屑泻邪蟹邪褏芯胁袦邪谢芯谐芯卸褍蟹邪. 小 1868 谐. 屑械褋褌芯锌褉械斜褘胁邪薪懈褟谐褍斜械褉薪邪褌芯褉邪褋芯蟹写邪薪薪芯泄孝褍褉谐邪泄褋泻芯泄芯斜谢邪褋褌懈.</p> <p>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐斜褘谢屑械褋褌芯屑锌芯谢懈褌懈褔械褋泻芯泄褋褋褘谢泻懈, 蟹写械褋褜芯褌斜褘胁邪谢懈褔邪褋褌褜褋褋褘谢泻懈锌芯褝褌褘孝.袚. 楔械胁褔械薪泻芯, 袗.袧. 袩谢械褖械械胁, 泻芯屑锌芯蟹懈褌芯褉袗.袗. 袗谢褟斜褜械胁.</p> <p>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐斜褘谢泻褉褍锌薪褘屑褑械薪褌褉芯屑褌芯褉谐芯胁谢懈袪芯褋褋懈懈褋袣邪蟹邪褏褋褌邪薪芯屑懈小褉械写薪械泄袗蟹懈械泄. 袙袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐械薪邪褏芯写懈谢懈褋褜袦械薪芯胁芯泄写胁芯褉 (锌芯褋褌褉芯械薪胁 1749-54 谐谐.) 懈袚芯褋褌懈薪褘泄写胁芯褉, 锌芯谐褉邪薪懈褔薪邪褟褌邪屑芯卸薪褟 (褍锌褉邪蟹写薪械薪邪胁 1868 谐.).</p> <p>袩褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜 (谐谢邪胁薪褘屑芯斜褉邪蟹芯屑屑褍泻芯屑芯谢褜薪邪褟, 褋邪谢芯褌芯锌谢械薪邪褟, 泻芯卸械胁械薪薪邪褟懈屑邪褋谢芯斜芯泄薪邪褟) 褋褌邪谢邪褉邪蟹胁懈胁邪褌褜褋褟褋锌褉芯胁械写械薪懈械屑胁 1877 谐. 卸械谢械蟹薪芯泄写芯褉芯谐懈小邪屑邪褉邪 - 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐.</p> <p>袙 1905 谐. 斜褘谢邪锌芯褋褌褉芯械薪邪卸械谢械蟹薪邪褟写芯褉芯谐邪袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐 - 孝邪褕泻械薪褌懈芯褌泻褉褘褌褘谐谢邪胁薪褘械卸械谢械蟹薪芯写芯褉芯卸薪褘械屑邪褋褌械褉褋泻懈械. 袚芯褉芯写褋褌邪薪芯胁懈褌褋褟泻褉褍锌薪褘屑褌芯褉谐芯胁芯-褉邪褋锌褉械写械谢懈褌械谢褜薪褘屑褑械薪褌褉芯屑褋泻芯褌邪, 屑褟褋邪 (胁 1894 谐. 芯褌泻褉褘褌褘谐芯褉芯写褋泻懈械褑械薪褌褉邪谢褜薪褘械斜芯泄薪懈, 褋 1880 谐. 薪邪褔邪褌胁褘胁芯蟹锌邪褉薪芯谐芯懈蟹邪屑芯褉芯卸械薪薪芯谐芯屑褟褋邪), 褌.薪. 褋懈斜懈褉褋泻芯谐芯褌芯锌谢褢薪芯谐芯屑邪褋谢邪, 褋邪谢邪, 泻芯卸, 褕械褉褋褌懈, 泻芯蟹褜械谐芯锌褍褏邪. 袪邪蟹胁懈胁邪械褌褋褟谢械褋芯锌懈谢褜薪邪褟懈写械褉械胁芯芯斜褉邪斜邪褌褘胁邪褞褖邪褟锌褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜.</p> <p>袙 1920-25 谐谐. 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐 - 褋褌芯谢懈褑邪袣懈褉谐懈蟹褋泻芯泄袗小小袪 (褋 1935 谐. - 袣邪蟹邪褏褋泻邪褟小小袪). 袙 1925 谐. 褋褌芯谢懈褑邪斜褘谢邪锌械褉械胁械写械薪邪胁袣蟹褘谢-袨褉写褍, 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐胁芯褕褢谢胁褋芯褋褌邪胁袪小肖小袪.</p> <p>小 1934 谐. 褑械薪褌褉袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯泄芯斜谢邪褋褌懈. 袙 1938-57 谐谐. 薪邪蟹褘胁邪谢褋褟效泻邪谢芯胁锌芯褎邪屑懈谢懈懈谢褢褌褔懈泻邪袙.袩. 效泻邪谢芯胁邪 (1904-38).</p> <h2>协泻芯薪芯屑懈泻邪</h2> <p>袙械写褍褖懈械芯褌褉邪褋谢懈锌褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪芯褋褌懈 - 褌芯锌谢懈胁薪邪褟, 屑邪褕懈薪芯褋褌褉芯械薪懈械懈屑械褌邪谢谢芯芯斜褉邪斜芯褌泻邪.</p> <p>袩袨 - "袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐薪械褎褌褜" (写芯斜褘褔邪谐邪蟹邪懈谐邪蟹芯胁芯谐芯泻芯薪写械薪褋邪褌邪), "袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐邪蟹锌褉芯屑" (写芯斜褘褔邪谐邪蟹邪懈薪械褎褌懈, 锌褉芯懈蟹胁芯写褋褌胁芯褋械褉褘懈褋卸懈卸械薪薪芯谐芯谐邪蟹邪), "袚懈写褉芯锌褉械褋褋" 懈 "袦械褌邪谢谢懈褋褌" (泻褍蟹薪械褔薪芯-锌褉械褋褋芯胁褘械屑邪褕懈薪褘), "袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋胁械褉谢芯" (屑械褌邪谢谢芯芯斜褉邪斜邪褌褘胁邪褞褖懈械懈薪褋褌褉褍屑械薪褌褘), "袠薪胁械褉褌芯褉" (薪懈蟹泻芯胁芯谢褜褌薪邪褟邪锌锌邪褉邪褌褍褉邪), "协谢械泻褌褉芯锌褉械芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪褌械谢褜". 小褌邪薪泻芯褋褌褉芯懈褌械谢褜薪褘泄蟹邪胁芯写.</p> <p>袪邪蟹胁懈褌褘褏懈屑懈褔械褋泻邪褟懈薪械褎褌械褏懈屑懈褔械褋泻邪褟锌褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜: 谐械谢懈械胁褘泄蟹邪胁芯写, 薪械褎褌械屑邪褋谢芯蟹邪胁芯写, 蟹邪胁芯写褉械蟹懈薪芯褌械褏薪懈褔械褋泻懈褏懈蟹写械谢懈泄, 袩袨 "啸懈屑锌褉芯写褍泻褌" 懈写褉褍谐懈械.</p> <p>袥褢谐泻邪褟 (袗袨 "袨褉械薪褌械泻褋" - 褕褢谢泻芯胁褘械褌泻邪薪懈; 泻芯卸械胁械薪薪芯械芯斜褗械写懈薪械薪懈械 "校褉邪谢") 懈锌懈褖械胁邪褟 (屑械谢褜薪懈褔薪褘械泻芯屑斜懈薪邪褌褘, 屑褟褋芯泻芯屑斜懈薪邪褌) 锌褉芯屑褘褕谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜.</p> <p>袦懈褉芯胁芯泄懈蟹胁械褋褌薪芯褋褌褜褞锌芯谢褜蟹褍褞褌褋褟芯褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻懈械锌褍褏芯胁褘械褕邪谢懈懈邪卸褍褉薪褘械锌谢邪褌泻懈 "袩邪褍褌懈薪泻邪" (褉褍褔薪芯械褍蟹芯褉薪芯械胁褟蟹邪薪懈械蟹写械褋褜懈蟹胁械褋褌薪芯褋 18 胁.; 褋 1930 褋褍褖械褋褌胁褍械褌锌褍褏芯胁褟蟹邪谢褜薪邪褟褎邪斜褉懈泻邪, 褋 1960 - 泻芯屑斜懈薪邪褌芯褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻懈褏锌褍褏芯胁褘褏锌谢邪褌泻芯胁).</p> <p>袙袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻芯屑褉邪泄芯薪械胁褘褉邪褖懈胁邪褞褌锌褕械薪懈褑褍, 褟褔屑械薪褜, 褉芯卸褜, 芯胁褢褋, 谐褉械褔懈褏褍, 锌褉芯褋芯, 谐芯褉芯褏, 锌芯写褋芯谢薪械褔薪懈泻 (薪邪屑邪褋谢芯), 泻邪褉褌芯褎械谢褜, 芯胁芯褖懈. 袪邪蟹胁芯写褟褌泻褉褍锌薪褘泄褉芯谐邪褌褘泄褋泻芯褌, 褋胁懈薪械泄, 谢芯褕邪写械泄. 袪褘斜芯胁芯写褋褌胁芯, 锌褔械谢芯胁芯写褋褌胁芯.</p> <p>袦械褋褌芯褉芯卸写械薪懈褟谐邪蟹邪, 薪械褎褌懈, 锌芯胁邪褉械薪薪芯泄褋芯谢懈, 锌械褋泻邪, 谐谢懈薪褘, 懈蟹胁械褋褌薪褟泻邪, 锌械褋褔邪薪芯-谐褉邪胁懈泄薪褘褏褋屑械褋械泄.</p> <h2>袣褍谢褜褌褍褉邪, 薪邪褍泻邪, 芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪懈械</h2> <p>袦械写懈褑懈薪褋泻邪褟邪泻邪写械屑懈褟. 袠薪褋褌懈褌褍褌褘: 锌械写邪谐芯谐懈褔械褋泻懈泄, 锌芯谢懈褌械褏薪懈褔械褋泻懈泄懈褋械谢褜褋泻芯褏芯蟹褟泄褋褌胁械薪薪褘泄.</p> <p>肖邪泻褍谢褜褌械褌褘袗泻邪写械屑懈懈薪械褎褌懈懈谐邪蟹邪, 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯谐芯泻芯屑屑械褉褔械褋泻芯谐芯懈薪褋褌懈褌褍褌邪, 袦芯褋泻芯胁褋泻芯谐芯褞褉懈写懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯懈薪褋褌懈褌褍褌邪, 小邪屑邪褉褋泻芯谐芯懈薪褋褌懈褌褍褌邪懈薪卸械薪械褉芯胁卸械谢械蟹薪芯写芯褉芯卸薪芯谐芯褌褉邪薪褋锌芯褉褌邪, 褎懈谢懈邪谢袙褋械褉芯褋褋懈泄褋泻芯谐芯蟹邪芯褔薪芯谐芯褎懈薪邪薪褋芯胁芯-褝泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯懈薪褋褌懈褌褍褌邪.</p> <p>孝械邪褌褉褘: 写褉邪屑邪褌懈褔械褋泻懈泄懈屑械薪懈袦. 袚芯褉褜泻芯谐芯, 屑褍蟹褘泻邪谢褜薪芯泄泻芯屑械写懈懈, 泻褍泻芯谢. 肖懈谢邪褉屑芯薪懈褟.</p> <p>袦褍蟹械懈: 泻褉邪械胁械写褔械褋泻懈泄, 懈蟹芯斜褉邪蟹懈褌械谢褜薪褘褏懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁. 袩谢邪薪械褌邪褉懈泄.</p> <p>袙袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐械卸懈谢懈褋褌芯褉懈泻懈褝褌薪芯谐褉邪褎袩.袠. 袪褘褔泻芯胁, 褉邪斜芯褌邪谢锌懈褋邪褌械谢褜懈谢械泻褋懈泻芯谐褉邪褎袙.袠. 袛邪谢褜. 袙 1955-57 谐谐. 蟹写械褋褜褍褔懈谢褋褟挟.袗. 袚邪谐邪褉懈薪.</p> <h3>袦褍蟹械懈, 谐邪谢械褉械懈, 胁褘褋褌邪胁芯褔薪褘械蟹邪谢褘</h3> <div class="div-bottom"> <h5>袦褍蟹械泄懈褋褌芯褉懈懈袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐邪</h5> <p>460014, 谐. 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐, 褍谢. 袧邪斜械褉械卸薪邪褟, 写. 29</p> <p>袙械斜-褋邪泄褌褘: http://www.museum.ru/M1090, http://www.mio56.ru/</p> </div> <div class="div-bottom"> <h5>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻懈泄谐褍斜械褉薪邪褌芯褉褋泻懈泄懈褋褌芯褉懈泻芯-泻褉邪械胁械写褔械褋泻懈泄屑褍蟹械泄</h5> <p>460000, 谐. 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐, 褍谢. 小芯胁械褌褋泻邪褟, 写. 28</p> <p>袙械斜-褋邪泄褌褘: http://www.museum.ru/M1083, http://ogikm.ru/</p> </div> <div class="div-bottom"> <h5>袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋泻懈泄芯斜谢邪褋褌薪芯泄屑褍蟹械泄懈蟹芯斜褉邪蟹懈褌械谢褜薪褘褏懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁</h5> <p>460000, 谐. 袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐, 褍谢. 袣邪褕懈褉懈薪邪, 写. 29</p> <p>袙械斜-褋邪泄褌褘: http://www.museum.ru/M1569, http://www.omizo.ru/</p> </div> <h2>袗褉褏懈褌械泻褌褍褉邪, 锌邪屑褟褌薪懈泻懈, 写芯褋褌芯锌褉懈屑械褔邪褌械谢褜薪芯褋褌懈</h2> <p>袠褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻芯械褟写褉芯谐芯褉芯写邪薪邪褏芯写懈褌褋褟胁锌褉械写械谢邪褏泻褉械锌芯褋褌懈 1743 谐. (褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢懈褋褜芯褋褌邪褌泻懈谐芯褉芯写褋泻懈褏胁芯褉芯褌).</p> <p>小褉械写懈邪褉褏懈褌械泻褌褍褉薪褘褏锌邪屑褟褌薪懈泻芯胁 - 袚芯褋褌懈薪褘泄写胁芯褉 (1749-54), 泻邪褉邪胁邪薪-褋邪褉邪泄 (1836-42, 邪褉褏懈褌械泻褌芯褉袗.袩. 袘褉褞谢谢芯胁).</p> <h2>袩芯懈褋泻写芯锌芯谢薪懈褌械谢褜薪芯泄懈薪褎芯褉屑邪褑懈懈</h2> <p>袝褋谢懈袙褘薪械薪邪褕谢懈褌褉械斜褍械屑褍褞懈薪褎芯褉屑邪褑懈褞薪邪写邪薪薪芯泄褋褌褉邪薪懈褑械, 锌芯卸邪谢褍泄褋褌邪胁芯褋锌芯谢褜蟹褍泄褌械褋褜锌芯懈褋泻芯胁芯泄褎芯褉屑芯泄薪懈卸械:</p> <div class="yandex-search-bar"> <div class="ya-site-form ya-site-form_inited_no" data-bem="{"action":"https://mojgorod.ru/search.html","arrow":false,"bg":"transparent","fontsize":12,"fg":"#000000","language":"ru","logo":"rb","publicname":"袩芯懈褋泻锌芯褋邪泄褌褍芯褌 yandex","suggest":true,"target":"_blank","tld":"ru","type":2,"usebigdictionary":true,"searchid":5948080,"input_fg":"#000000","input_bg":"#ffffff","input_fontStyle":"normal","input_fontWeight":"normal","input_placeholder":null,"input_placeholderColor":"#000000","input_borderColor":"#7f9db9"}"><form action="https://yandex.ru/search/site/" method="get" target="_blank" accept-charset="utf-8"><input type="hidden" name="searchid" value="5948080"/><input type="hidden" name="l10n" value="ru"/><input type="hidden" name="reqenc" value=""/><input type="search" name="text" value=""/><input type="submit" value="袧邪泄褌懈"/></form></div><style type="text/css">.ya-page_js_yes .ya-site-form_inited_no { display: none; }</style><script type="text/javascript">(function(w,d,c){var s=d.createElement('script'),h=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0],e=d.documentElement;if((' '+e.className+' ').indexOf(' ya-page_js_yes ')===-1){e.className+=' ya-page_js_yes';}s.type='text/javascript';s.async=true;s.charset='utf-8';s.src=(d.location.protocol==='https:'?'https:':'http:')+'//site.yandex.net/v2.0/js/all.js';h.parentNode.insertBefore(s,h);(w[c]||(w[c]=[])).push(function(){Ya.Site.Form.init()})})(window,document,'yandex_site_callbacks');</script> </div> <h2>袛懈薪邪屑懈泻邪褔懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌懈薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟</h2> <img src="../../image/poppr/poppr53401.png" title="袛芯谢褟褔懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌懈薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟谐芯褉芯写邪袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐锌芯褋褉邪胁薪械薪懈褞褋薪邪褋械谢械薪懈械屑褉械谐懈芯薪邪"><img src="../../image/poppc/poppc53401.png" title="袛芯谢褟褔懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌懈薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟谐芯褉芯写邪袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐锌芯褋褉邪胁薪械薪懈褞褋谐芯褉芯写褋泻懈屑薪邪褋械谢械薪懈械屑褉械谐懈芯薪邪"> <div class="table_graph"> <div> <table> <caption>效懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟谐芯褉芯写邪袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐胁褉邪蟹薪褘械谐芯写褘 (褌褘褋褟褔卸懈褌械谢械泄)</caption> <thead> <tr><th>袚芯写</th><th>效懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜<br>薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟</th></tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr><td class="td__center">1811</td><td class="td__center">5.4</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1840</td><td class="td__center">14.6</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1856</td><td class="td__center">13.7</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">1863</td><td class="td__center">27.6</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1897</td><td class="td__center">72.4</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1914</td><td class="td__center">100.1</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1923</td><td class="td__center">105.9</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">1926</td><td class="td__center">122.2</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1931</td><td class="td__center">129.1</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1934</td><td class="td__center">139.3</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1939</td><td class="td__center">171.7</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">1956</td><td class="td__center">226.0</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1959</td><td class="td__center">267.3</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1962</td><td class="td__center">288.0</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1967</td><td class="td__center">326.0</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">1970</td><td class="td__center">344.3</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1973</td><td class="td__center">386.0</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1976</td><td class="td__center">425.0</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1979</td><td class="td__center">458.7</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">1982</td><td class="td__center">494.0</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1986</td><td class="td__center">527.0</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1989</td><td class="td__center">546.5</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1992</td><td class="td__center">556.6</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">1996</td><td class="td__center">532.1</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">1998</td><td class="td__center">529.6</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2000</td><td class="td__center">523.6</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2003</td><td class="td__center">549.4</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">2005</td><td class="td__center">538.6</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2007</td><td class="td__center">529.6</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2008</td><td class="td__center">526.4</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2011</td><td class="td__center">548.3</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">2013</td><td class="td__center">556.1</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2015</td><td class="td__center">561.3</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2017</td><td class="td__center">564.4</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2019</td><td class="td__center">565.3</td></tr> <tr class="tr__fourth"><td class="td__center">2020</td><td class="td__center">572.2</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2022</td><td class="td__center">543.7</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2023</td><td class="td__center">539.2</td></tr> <tr><td class="td__center">2024</td><td class="td__center">536.9</td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div><div><img src="../../image/popf/popf53401.png" title="袠蟹屑械薪械薪懈械褔懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌懈薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋 1959 谐芯写邪"></div><div><img src="../../image/pops/pops53401.png" title="袠蟹屑械薪械薪懈械褔懈褋谢械薪薪芯褋褌懈薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟袨褉械薪斜褍褉谐褋 2000 谐芯写邪"></div></div> </div> <h2>袥懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉邪</h2> <ul> <li>袚谢. 褉械写. 袥邪锌锌芯袚.袦. 袚芯褉芯写邪袪芯褋褋懈懈: 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟. - 袦.: 袘芯谢褜褕邪褟袪芯褋褋懈泄褋泻邪褟褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟, 1994.</li> <li>袚谢. 褉械写. 袚芯褉泻懈薪袗.袩. 袚械芯谐褉邪褎懈褟袪芯褋褋懈懈: 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褔械褋泻懈泄褋谢芯胁邪褉褜. - 袦.: 袘芯谢褜褕邪褟袪芯褋褋懈泄褋泻邪褟褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褟, 1998.</li> <li>袩芯褋锌械谢芯胁袝.袦. 袚械芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻懈械薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈褟屑懈褉邪: 孝芯锌芯薪懈屑懈褔械褋泻懈泄褋谢芯胁邪褉褜: 袨泻芯谢芯 5000 械写懈薪懈褑. - 袦.: 袪褍褋褋泻懈械褋谢芯胁邪褉懈, 袨袨袨 "袠蟹写-胁芯袗褋褌褉械谢褜", 袨袨袨 "袠蟹写-胁芯袗小孝", 2001.</li> </ul> </article> </main> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="site-authors"> <p>© <a href="mailto:mojgorod@mail.ru">小械褉谐械泄小芯谢写邪褌芯胁</a>, 懈写械褟, 褌械泻褋褌褘, 写懈蟹邪泄薪, 2000-2025</p> <p>© <a href="mailto:mojgorod_forum@mail.ru">袧邪褌邪谢褜褟小芯谢写邪褌芯胁邪</a>, 褏褍写芯卸械褋褌胁械薪薪芯械芯褎芯褉屑谢械薪懈械, 2008-2025</p> <p>© <a href="mailto:sova@nm.ru">袙邪谢械褉懈泄小芯谢写邪褌芯胁</a>, 锌褉芯谐褉邪屑屑懈褉芯胁邪薪懈械, 2000-2025</p> </div> <div class="site-footer__end"> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"> </script> <script language="JavaScript1.1" type="text/javascript">  </script> <script language="JavaScript1.2" type="text/javascript">  </script> <script language="JavaScript1.3" type="text/javascript">  </script> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">  </script> <noscript> <img src="/cgi-bin/logcounter.cgi?j=no&id=ss" height=1 width=1 alt="褋褔褢褌褔懈泻"> </noscript>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _tmr = window._tmr || (window._tmr = []); _tmr.push({id: "247347", type: 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