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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kegagalan_Pembentukan_Koalisi_Jamaika_(2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kegagalan_Pembentukan_Koalisi_Jamaika_(2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kegagalan Pembentukan Koalisi Jamaika (2017)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kegagalan_Pembentukan_Koalisi_Jamaika_(2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Catatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Koalisi Jamaika</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 20 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="ائتلاف جامايكا – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ائتلاف جامايكا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamajsk%C3%A1_koalice" title="Jamajská koalice – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jamajská koalice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica-koalition" title="Jamaica-koalition – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jamaica-koalition" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaika-Koalition" title="Jamaika-Koalition – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jamaika-Koalition" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_coalition_(politics)" title="Jamaica coalition (politics) – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Jamaica coalition (politics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalici%C3%B3n_Jamaica" title="Coalición Jamaica – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Coalición Jamaica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_jama%C3%AFcaine" title="Coalition jamaïcaine – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coalition jamaïcaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%92%27%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="קואליציית ג'מייקה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קואליציית ג'מייקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaj%C4%8Danska_koalicija" title="Jamajčanska koalicija – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jamajčanska koalicija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica-koal%C3%ADci%C3%B3" title="Jamaica-koalíció – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jamaica-koalíció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaika-Koalition" title="Jamaika-Koalition – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jamaika-Koalition" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AB%E9%80%A3%E7%AB%8B" title="ジャマイカ連立 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャマイカ連立" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%B9%B4_%EC%97%B0%EC%A0%95" title="자메이카 연정 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자메이카 연정" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica-coalitie" title="Jamaica-coalitie – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jamaica-coalitie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica-koalisjon" title="Jamaica-koalisjon – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jamaica-koalisjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koalicja_jamajska" title="Koalicja jamajska – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Koalicja jamajska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ямайская коалиция – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ямайская коалиция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_coalition" title="Jamaica coalition – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jamaica coalition" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Јамајка коалиција – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јамајка коалиција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%99%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%A0%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="牙买加联盟 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="牙买加联盟" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q680073#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Koalisi_Jamaika" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Koalisi_Jamaika" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Koalisi_Jamaika"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Koalisi_Jamaika"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Koalisi_Jamaika" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Koalisi_Jamaika" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&oldid=26525775" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/220px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/330px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/440px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Bendera <a href="/wiki/Jamaika" title="Jamaika">Jamaika</a>. Warna benderanya memuat warna tradisional partai politik anggota koalisi (hitam untuk CDU/CSU, hijau untuk Aliansi 90/Partai Hijau, dan kuning untuk FDP)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Koalisi Jamaika</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Jerman</a>: <i>Jamaika-Koalition</i>; juga disebut dengan <b>aliansi Jamaika</b>, <b>lampu lalu lintas Jamaika</b>, <b>lampu lalu lintas hitam</b>) adalah istilah dalam politik Jerman yang menggambarkan kemungkinan koalisi antara Partai Kristen Demokrat dan Sosialis (<a href="/wiki/CDU/CSU" title="CDU/CSU">CDU/CSU</a>) yang identik dengan warna hitam, <a href="/wiki/Partai_Demokrat_Bebas_(Jerman)" title="Partai Demokrat Bebas (Jerman)">Partai Demokrat Bebas</a> (FDP) yang identik dengan warna kuning dan <a href="/wiki/Aliansi_90/Partai_Hijau" title="Aliansi 90/Partai Hijau">Partai Hijau</a> yang identik dengan warna hijau. Koalisi ini disebut "Jamaika" sebab <a href="/wiki/Bendera_Jamaika" title="Bendera Jamaika">bendera Jamaika</a> terdiri dari gabungan tiga warna, yaitu hitam, kuning, dan hijau.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kemungkinan pembentukan koalisi ini untuk pertama kalinya dijajaki dan dirundingkan setelah <a href="/wiki/Pemilihan_umum_federal_Jerman_2017" title="Pemilihan umum federal Jerman 2017">pemilihan umum federal Jerman 2017</a>, tetapi akhirnya gagal dibentuk karena perbedaan pandangan di antara partai-partai tersebut.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kegagalan_Pembentukan_Koalisi_Jamaika_(2017)"><span id="Kegagalan_Pembentukan_Koalisi_Jamaika_.282017.29"></span>Kegagalan Pembentukan Koalisi Jamaika (2017)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Kegagalan Pembentukan Koalisi Jamaika (2017)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kegagalan Pembentukan Koalisi Jamaika (2017)"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Jamaika_coalition_2017.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jamaika_coalition_2017.svg/220px-Jamaika_coalition_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jamaika_coalition_2017.svg/330px-Jamaika_coalition_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jamaika_coalition_2017.svg/440px-Jamaika_coalition_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="401" /></a><figcaption>Simbol Koalisi Jamaika</figcaption></figure><p>Walaupun CDU yang dipimpin oleh <a href="/wiki/Kanselir_Jerman" title="Kanselir Jerman">Kanselir Jerman</a> <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> memenangkan pemilu federal 2017 dengan perolehan 33 persen suara atau 246 kursi.<sup id="cite_ref-Deutsche_Welle_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deutsche_Welle-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Untuk mencapai mayoritas kursi di parlemen (lebih dari 50 persen kursi), CDU harus menggalang koalisi, paling tidak dengan 2 partai kecil. Sejak awal CDU sudah menyatakan tidak akan berkoalisi dengan <a href="/wiki/Alternatif_untuk_Jerman" title="Alternatif untuk Jerman">Partai Ekstrim Kanan (AfD)</a> maupun <a href="/wiki/Die_Linke" title="Die Linke">Partai Kanan</a>, sehingga yang paling mungkin adalah FDP dan Partai Hijau. </p><p>Kurang lebih sebulan setelah pemilu 2017, tiga kubu yang lolos ke Bundestag mengadakan serangkaian perundingan intensif untuk membentuk koalisi yang belum terjadi pada pemilu-pemilu sebelumnya, yaitu Koalisi Jamaika. Yang terlibat adalah CDU/CSU, Partai Hijau dan FDP. Dalam pemilu federal 2017, FDP meraih lebih dari 10 persen suara, dengan 80 kursi di <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a>. Sedangkan Partai Hijau memperoleh hampir 9 persen suara atau 67 kursi.<sup id="cite_ref-Deutsche_Welle_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deutsche_Welle-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Namun, di tengah-tengah jalannya proses perundingan, Ketua Partai FDP, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Christian Lindner</a> menyatakan penarikan diri partainya dari perundingan koalisi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh negosiasi yang alot, karena FDP dan Partai Hijau memiliki perbedaan pandangan yang fundamental dalam hal lingkungan, kebijakan luar negeri, reformasi tenaga kerja dan <a href="/wiki/Migrasi" title="Migrasi">migrasi</a>. Pandangan kedua pihak terkait masa depan <a href="/wiki/Uni_Eropa" title="Uni Eropa">Uni Eropa</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> juga saling bertentangan. Dalam sebuah wawancara pada tanggal <a href="/wiki/8_September" title="8 September">8 September</a> <a href="/wiki/2017" title="2017">2017</a>, Lindner mengatakan bahwa ia "tidak dapat membayangkan" terwujudnya koalisi tiga-pihak dengan Partai Hijau.<sup id="cite_ref-elliott28_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elliott28-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dengan demikian, pembentukan Koalisi Jamaika menemui jalan buntu sehingga koalisi Jamaika gagal terbentuk. Akibat penarikan tersebut, petinggi Partai CDU/CSU dan Partai Hijau melontarkan kritik. Sedangkan Ketua Partai CDU, Angela Merkel dapat menghormati keputusan FDP, tetapi menyatakan penyesalan dan kekecewaannya. Ia menyatakan bahwa sebenarnya perundingan sudah mengarah ke tujuan bersama dalam hal politik ekonomi, iklim dan sosial.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Walaupun gagal terwujud pada tingkat federal, Koalisi Jamaika dapat terwujud pada tingkat negara bagian. Dua negara bagian yang diatur <a href="/wiki/Pemerintahan_koalisi" title="Pemerintahan koalisi">pemerintahan koalisi</a> Jamaika adalah <a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a> (2009 sampai 2012), dan <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a> di utara Jerman (kini di bawah pemerintahan koalisi Jamaika, setelah partai CDU/CSU berkoalisi dengan FDP dan Partai Hijau). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koalisi_lampu_lalu_lintas" title="Koalisi lampu lalu lintas">Koalisi lampu lalu lintas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Kenya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koalisi Kenya (halaman belum tersedia)">Koalisi Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_besar_(Jerman)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koalisi besar (Jerman) (halaman belum tersedia)">Koalisi besar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catatan">Catatan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/german-election-a-guide-to-possible-coalitions-for-berlins-new-government/a-38756817">"German election: A guide to possible coalitions for Berlin's new government"</a>. Deutsche Welle<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=German+election%3A+A+guide+to+possible+coalitions+for+Berlin%27s+new+government&rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-election-a-guide-to-possible-coalitions-for-berlins-new-government%2Fa-38756817&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoalisi+Jamaika" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/nov/19/german-coalition-talks-close-to-collapse-angela-merkel8">"German coalition talks collapse after deadlock on migration and energy"</a>. Deutsche Welle<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=German+coalition+talks+collapse+after+deadlock+on+migration+and+energy&rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fnov%2F19%2Fgerman-coalition-talks-close-to-collapse-angela-merkel8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoalisi+Jamaika" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Oktober 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deutsche_Welle-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Deutsche_Welle_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deutsche_Welle_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/germanys-political-parties-cdu-csu-spd-afd-fdp-left-party-greens-what-you-need-to-know/a-38085900">"Germany's political parties CDU, CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Left party, Greens - what you need to know"</a>. Deutsche Welle<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Germany%27s+political+parties+CDU%2C+CSU%2C+SPD%2C+AfD%2C+FDP%2C+Left+party%2C+Greens+-+what+you+need+to+know&rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermanys-political-parties-cdu-csu-spd-afd-fdp-left-party-greens-what-you-need-to-know%2Fa-38085900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoalisi+Jamaika" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-elliott28-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-elliott28_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elliot, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/id/perundingan-pembentukan-koalisi-pemerintahan-jerman-gagal/a-41449684">"Perundingan Pembentukan Koalisi Pemerintahan Jerman Gagal"</a>. Deutsche Welle<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perundingan+Pembentukan+Koalisi+Pemerintahan+Jerman+Gagal&rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fid%2Fperundingan-pembentukan-koalisi-pemerintahan-jerman-gagal%2Fa-41449684&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoalisi+Jamaika" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koalisi_Jamaika&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21093234">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation report">Elliott, Matthew; Chwalisz, Claudia (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lif.blob.core.windows.net/lif/docs/default-source/default-library/germanelections2017web.pdf?sfvrsn=0">A brief guide to the German election: Merkel's coalition crossroads</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (Laporan). London: Legatum Institute. hlm. 1–49<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=A+brief+guide+to+the+German+election%3A+Merkel%27s+coalition+crossroads&rft.place=London&rft.pages=1-49&rft.pub=Legatum+Institute&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.au=Chwalisz%2C+Claudia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flif.blob.core.windows.net%2Flif%2Fdocs%2Fdefault-source%2Fdefault-library%2Fgermanelections2017web.pdf%3Fsfvrsn%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoalisi+Jamaika" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/germanys-jamaica-coalition-talks-resume-merkel-calls-for-concerted-effort/a-41414474">"Germany's Jamaica coalition talks resume, Merkel calls for concerted effort"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Jamaica+coalition+talks+resume%2C+Merkel+calls+for+concerted+effort&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermanys-jamaica-coalition-talks-resume-merkel-calls-for-concerted-effort%2Fa-41414474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoalisi+Jamaika" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/german-election-preliminary-coalition-talks-collapse-after-fdp-walks-out/a-41445987">"German election: Preliminary coalition talks collapse after FDP walks out"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=German+election%3A+Preliminary+coalition+talks+collapse+after+FDP+walks+out&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-election-preliminary-coalition-talks-collapse-after-fdp-walks-out%2Fa-41445987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKoalisi+Jamaika" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/the-fdps-christian-lindner-the-coalition-killer/a-38629508">"The FDP's Christian Lindner: the coalition killer"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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