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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Timeline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Notable architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2020_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2020 census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>2000 census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Top_employers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Top_employers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Top employers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Top_employers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Government and infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Primary education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Colleges and universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Healthcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Newspapers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Major_highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Major highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Airport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Abilene, Texas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86" title="أبيلين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أبيلين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilin_(Texas)" title="Abilin (Texas) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Abilin (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ابیلین، تکزاس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ابیلین، تکزاس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Абілін (Тэхас) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Абілін (Тэхас)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Абилийн – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абилийн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(kapital_sa_kondado_sa_Tinipong_Bansa,_Texas)" title="Abilene (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa, Texas) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Abilene (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa, Texas)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene" title="Abilene – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Abilene" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Teksaso)" title="Abilene (Teksaso) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Abilene (Teksaso)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86_(%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="ابیلین (تگزاس) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابیلین (تگزاس)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Teksas)" title="Abilene (Teksas) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Abilene (Teksas)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86_(%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="أبيلين (تگزاس) – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="أبيلين (تگزاس)" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%A0%EB%B9%8C%EB%A6%B0_(%ED%85%8D%EC%82%AC%EC%8A%A4%EC%A3%BC)" title="애빌린 (텍사스주) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="애빌린 (텍사스주)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Teksas" title="Abilene, Teksas – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Abilene, Teksas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Абилин (Техас) – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Абилин (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9F" title="אבילין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אבילין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98)" title="აბილინი (ტეხასი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბილინი (ტეხასი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Абилин (Техас) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абилин (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilinas" title="Abilinas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Abilinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ابيلين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ابيلين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%93%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3_(%E3%83%86%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B5%E3%82%B9%E5%B7%9E)" title="アビリーン (テキサス州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アビリーン (テキサス州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Абилин (Техас) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Абилин (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ابیلین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ابیلین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Teksas)" title="Abilene (Teksas) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Abilene (Teksas)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Texas)" title="Abilene (Texas) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abilene (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Абилин (Техас) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Абилин (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Абилин – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Абилин" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene" title="Abilene – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Abilene" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(Teksas)" title="Abilene (Teksas) – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Abilene (Teksas)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%B5%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ئابیڵین – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئابیڵین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Абилин (Тексас) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Абилин (Тексас)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene" title="Abilene – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Abilene" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Әбилин – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Әбилин" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Teksas" title="Abilene, Teksas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Abilene, Teksas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Абілін (Техас) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абілін (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ابیلین، ٹیکساس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ابیلین، ٹیکساس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_(T%C3%A4xas%C3%A4n)" title="Abilene (Täxasän) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Abilene (Täxasän)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Abilene, Texas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%88%E5%BE%97%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%9E%EF%BC%89" title="阿比林（得克萨斯州） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿比林（得克萨斯州）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%E6%9E%97_(%E5%BE%97%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%9E)" title="阿比林 (得克萨斯州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿比林 (得克萨斯州)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilin_(Texas)" title="Abilin (Texas) – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Abilin (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q128295#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Abilene,_Texas&params=32_27_N_99_45_W_region:US-TX_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°27′N</span> <span class="longitude">99°45′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.450°N 99.750°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.450; -99.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Texas, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Abilene</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/City_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Texas)">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abilene-skyline.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown Abilene"><img alt="Downtown Abilene" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abilene-skyline.jpg/330px-Abilene-skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abilene-skyline.jpg/500px-Abilene-skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abilene-skyline.jpg/960px-Abilene-skyline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1260" data-file-height="460" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Downtown Abilene</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Abilene,_Texas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Abilene"><img alt="Flag of Abilene" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Abilene%2C_Texas.svg/100px-Flag_of_Abilene%2C_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Abilene%2C_Texas.svg/150px-Flag_of_Abilene%2C_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Abilene%2C_Texas.svg/200px-Flag_of_Abilene%2C_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>"The Key City"</li> <li>"The Friendly Frontier"</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1222442370">.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container>label:first-of-type{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container a.mw-kartographer-container.floatright,.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container a.mw-kartographer-container.floatleft,.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container div.mw-kartographer-container.tright,.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container div.mw-kartographer-container.tleft{padding:0 0 0 0;margin:0 0 0 0}</style><div class="switcher-container mapframe-multi-container center"><div><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="280" data-zoom="10" data-lat="32.4464" data-lon="-99.7456" data-overlays="["_a947a3274e9c1ceea7fbbfb873c87904aaeceaa1"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/10/32.4464/-99.7456/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,32.4464,-99.7456,280x280.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_a947a3274e9c1ceea7fbbfb873c87904aaeceaa1" width="280" height="280" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,32.4464,-99.7456,280x280@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_a947a3274e9c1ceea7fbbfb873c87904aaeceaa1 2x" alt="Map" /></a><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show Abilene</span></div><div><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="280" data-zoom="9" data-lat="32.31" data-lon="-99.88" data-overlays="["_4e309efba74e2afd769c07bd18829af39f6bc8e0"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/9/32.31/-99.88/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,32.31,-99.88,280x280.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_4e309efba74e2afd769c07bd18829af39f6bc8e0" width="280" height="280" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,32.31,-99.88,280x280@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_4e309efba74e2afd769c07bd18829af39f6bc8e0 2x" alt="Map" /></a><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show Taylor County</span></div><div><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="280" data-zoom="4" data-lat="31" data-lon="-100" data-overlays="["_cd6a9ea9ffe2fe03b877a2df9828220ab68746bf"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/4/31/-100/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,31,-100,280x280.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_cd6a9ea9ffe2fe03b877a2df9828220ab68746bf" width="280" height="280" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,31,-100,280x280@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_cd6a9ea9ffe2fe03b877a2df9828220ab68746bf 2x" alt="Map" /></a><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show Texas</span></div><div><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 280px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="280" data-zoom="3" data-lat="39.5" data-lon="-98.35" data-overlays="["_f8cf4103752a3c1fc85a09a87ca7b4d4755d937c"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/3/39.5/-98.35/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,3,39.5,-98.35,280x280.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_f8cf4103752a3c1fc85a09a87ca7b4d4755d937c" width="280" height="280" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,3,39.5,-98.35,280x280@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Abilene%2C_Texas&revid=1277825836&groups=_f8cf4103752a3c1fc85a09a87ca7b4d4755d937c 2x" alt="Map" /></a><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show the United States</span></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap 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div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_map_of_Texas.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Abilene is located in Texas"><img alt="Abilene is located in Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/250px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/375px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/500px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="989" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.496%;left:52.19%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Abilene"><img alt="Abilene" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:70.932%;left:43.156%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Abilene"><img alt="Abilene" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Abilene</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abilene is located in North America"><img alt="Abilene is located in North America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1185" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:68.066%;left:50.258%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Abilene"><img alt="Abilene" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Abilene</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of North America</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Abilene,_Texas&params=32_27_N_99_45_W_region:US-TX_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°27′N</span> <span class="longitude">99°45′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.450°N 99.750°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.450; -99.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">Counties</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Taylor County, Texas">Taylor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jones_County,_Texas" title="Jones County, Texas">Jones</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">1881<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated (town)</th><td class="infobox-data">1881<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County seat</th><td class="infobox-data">1883<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named after</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Kansas" title="Abilene, Kansas">Abilene, Kansas</a><sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County seat</th><td class="infobox-data">Taylor County</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council%E2%80%93manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor–council–manager">Mayor–council–manager</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Abilene,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Abilene, Texas">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Weldon Hurt <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2019_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/City_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Texas)">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">112.09 sq mi (290.32 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">106.67 sq mi (276.27 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">5.42 sq mi (14.05 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,719 ft (527 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2020_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2020-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/City_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="City (Texas)">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">125,182 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,157/sq mi (447/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">176,579</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Abilenian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%926" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−6">UTC−6</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone" title="Central Time Zone">CST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Daylight Time">CDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_code" class="mw-redirect" title="ZIP code">ZIP codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">79601-08 79697-99<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_325" title="Area code 325">325</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standards" title="Federal Information Processing Standards">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">48-01000<sup id="cite_ref-GR2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">2409657<sup id="cite_ref-gnis_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abilenetx.com">abilenetx<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Abilene</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">AB</span>-i-leen</i></a>) is a city in <a href="/wiki/Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Taylor County, Texas">Taylor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jones_County,_Texas" title="Jones County, Texas">Jones</a> counties, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, United States. Its population was 125,182 at the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the principal city of the <a href="/wiki/Abilene_metropolitan_area" title="Abilene metropolitan area">Abilene metropolitan statistical area</a>, which had a population of 176,579 as of 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-PopEstCBSA_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PopEstCBSA-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abilene is home to three Christian universities: <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian University</a>, <a href="/wiki/McMurry_University" title="McMurry University">McMurry University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hardin%E2%80%93Simmons_University" title="Hardin–Simmons University">Hardin–Simmons University</a>. It is the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of Taylor County.<sup id="cite_ref-GR6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base" title="Dyess Air Force Base">Dyess Air Force Base</a> is located on the west side of the city. </p><p>Abilene is located on <a href="/wiki/Interstate_20_in_Texas" title="Interstate 20 in Texas">Interstate 20</a>, which forms a rounded bypass loop along the northern side of the city, between exits 279 on its western edge and 292 on the east. The city is located 150 miles (240 km) west of <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>. Multiple freeways form a loop surrounding the city's core: I-20 on the north, US 83/84/277 on the west, and Loop 322 to the east. The former <a href="/wiki/Texas_and_Pacific_Railway" title="Texas and Pacific Railway">Texas and Pacific Railway</a>, now part of the <a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Pacific">Union Pacific</a> mainline, divides the city into well-established north and south zones. The historic downtown area is on the north side of the railroad, while the growing south of downtown Abilene "SODA" district is located on the south side of the tracks. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_map-Abilene-1883.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Old_map-Abilene-1883.jpg/220px-Old_map-Abilene-1883.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Old_map-Abilene-1883.jpg/330px-Old_map-Abilene-1883.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Old_map-Abilene-1883.jpg/440px-Old_map-Abilene-1883.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9217" data-file-height="7080" /></a><figcaption>An 1883 map of Abilene</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abilene_June_2019_15_(Abilene_Convention_and_Visitors_Bureau_-_Texas_%26_Pacific_Railroad_Station).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abilene_June_2019_15_%28Abilene_Convention_and_Visitors_Bureau_-_Texas_%26_Pacific_Railroad_Station%29.jpg/250px-Abilene_June_2019_15_%28Abilene_Convention_and_Visitors_Bureau_-_Texas_%26_Pacific_Railroad_Station%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abilene_June_2019_15_%28Abilene_Convention_and_Visitors_Bureau_-_Texas_%26_Pacific_Railroad_Station%29.jpg/330px-Abilene_June_2019_15_%28Abilene_Convention_and_Visitors_Bureau_-_Texas_%26_Pacific_Railroad_Station%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Abilene_June_2019_15_%28Abilene_Convention_and_Visitors_Bureau_-_Texas_%26_Pacific_Railroad_Station%29.jpg/500px-Abilene_June_2019_15_%28Abilene_Convention_and_Visitors_Bureau_-_Texas_%26_Pacific_Railroad_Station%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The restored <a href="/wiki/Texas_%26_Pacific_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas & Pacific Railway">Texas & Pacific Railway</a> depot in Abilene serves as the tourist information center.</figcaption></figure> <p>Established by cattlemen as a stock shipping point on the <a href="/wiki/Texas_and_Pacific_Railway" title="Texas and Pacific Railway">Texas and Pacific Railway</a> in 1881, the city was named after <a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Kansas" title="Abilene, Kansas">Abilene, Kansas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the original endpoint for the <a href="/wiki/Chisholm_Trail" title="Chisholm Trail">Chisholm Trail</a>. The T&P had bypassed the town of <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Gap,_Texas" title="Buffalo Gap, Texas">Buffalo Gap</a>, the county seat at the time. Eventually, a landowner north of Buffalo Gap, Clabe Merchant, known as the father of Abilene, chose the name for the new town. According to a <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a> newspaper, about 800 people had already begun camping at the townsite before the lots were sold. The town was laid out by Colonel J. Stoddard Johnson, and the auction of lots began early on March 15, 1881. By the end of the first day, 139 lots were sold for a total of $23,810, and another 178 lots were sold the next day for $27,550.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Abilene was incorporated soon after being founded in 1881,<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and residents began to set their sights on bringing the county seat to Abilene. In a three-to-one vote, they won the county election to do so. In 1888, the Progressive Committee was formed to attract businesses to the area, and in 1890 renamed itself as the Board of Trade. By 1900, 3,411 people lived in Abilene. In that decade, the Board of Trade changed its name to the 25,000 Club, in the hope of reaching a population of 25,000 by the next census. By 1910, though, the population had increased only to 9,204. Another group was formed, the Young Men's Booster Club, which became the Abilene Chamber of Commerce in 1914. </p><p>The cornerstone was laid in 1891 for Simmons College, the first of three universities in Abilene.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It later developed as <a href="/wiki/Hardin%E2%80%93Simmons_University" title="Hardin–Simmons University">Hardin–Simmons University</a>. Childers Classical Institute was founded in 1906,<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and developed as <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian University</a>, the largest of the three. In 1923, McMurry College was founded; it later expanded its offerings as <a href="/wiki/McMurry_University" title="McMurry University">McMurry University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 20th century, Abilene succeeded in gaining branches of Texas State Technical College and Cisco College. Headquarters of the latter institution are located in the city. </p><p>In 1940, Abilene raised the money to purchase land to attract establishment of a U.S. Army base southwest of town. It was named <a href="/wiki/Camp_Barkeley" title="Camp Barkeley">Camp Barkeley</a>. When fully operational, it was twice the size of Abilene, with 60,000 men. When the base closed after World War II, many worried that Abilene could become a <a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">ghost town</a>, but as the national economy boomed, many veterans returned to start businesses in Abilene. </p><p>In the early 1950s, to advocate for an Air Force base, residents raised <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>893,261</span> (equivalent to about $10,821,055 in 2024) to purchase 3,400 acres (14 km<sup>2</sup>) of land. The southern block of congressmen gained approval for such a base here. For decades, <a href="/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base" title="Dyess Air Force Base">Dyess Air Force Base</a> has been the city's largest employer, with 6076 employees in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1950 to 1960, Abilene's population nearly doubled, from 45,570 to 90,638. In 1960, a second high school was added to the city's school system, <a href="/wiki/Cooper_High_School_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="Cooper High School (Abilene, Texas)">Cooper High School</a>. </p><p>In 1966, the Abilene Zoo was established near <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Regional_Airport" title="Abilene Regional Airport">Abilene Regional Airport</a>. The following year, one of the most important bond elections in the city's history passed for the funding of the construction of the Abilene Civic Center and the Taylor County Coliseum, as well as major improvements to Abilene Regional Airport. In 1969, the Woodson elementary and high school for black students closed as the city integrated its school system, more than 10 years after the US Supreme Court's ruling in <i><a href="/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education" title="Brown v. Board of Education">Brown v. Board of Education</a></i> (1954) that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional. </p><p>In 1982, Abilene became the first city in Texas to create a downtown reinvestment zone. <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Technical_College" title="Texas State Technical College">Texas State Technical College</a> opened an Abilene branch three years later. The 2,250-bed French Robertson Prison Unit was built in 1989. A half-cent <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> earmarked for economic development was created after the decline in the <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> business in the 1980s. A branch of <a href="/wiki/Cisco_College" title="Cisco College">Cisco College</a> was located in the city in 1990. </p><p>Several major projects of restoration and new construction: <a href="/wiki/The_Grace_Museum" title="The Grace Museum">The Grace Museum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Theatre_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="Paramount Theatre (Abilene, Texas)">Paramount Theatre</a>, and development of Artwalk in 1992, sparked a decade of downtown revitalization. In 2004, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frontier_Texas!&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frontier Texas! (page does not exist)">Frontier Texas!</a>, a multimedia museum highlighting the history of the area from 1780 to 1880, was constructed. That year, an $8 million, 38-acre (150,000 m<sup>2</sup>) Cisco Junior College campus was built at Loop 322 and Industrial Boulevard. Simultaneously, subdivisions and businesses started locating along the freeway, on the same side as the CJC campus. This area attracted Abilene growth on the loop. </p><p>Abilene has become the commercial, retail, medical, and transportation hub of a 19-county area more commonly known as "The Big Country", but also known as the "Texas Midwest". It is part of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Great_Plains_(ecoregion)" title="Central Great Plains (ecoregion)">Central Great Plains</a> ecoregion. By the end of 2005, commercial and residential development had reached record levels in and around the city.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Timeline">Timeline</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#F8F8FF;width:90%">Timeline of Abilene, Texas</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li>1881 <ul><li>Settlement established.<sup id="cite_ref-dates_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dates-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Texas & Pacific Railroad begins operating.<sup id="cite_ref-dates_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dates-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Reporter-News" title="Abilene Reporter-News">Abilene Reporter</a></i> newspaper begins publication.<sup id="cite_ref-LOC_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>1883 <ul><li>Town of Abilene incorporated.<sup id="cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hellmann-2006-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>D. B. Corley becomes mayor.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abilene becomes seat of <a href="/wiki/Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Taylor County, Texas">Taylor County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hellmann-2006-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>1890 – Population: 3,194.<sup id="cite_ref-TSHApop_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSHApop-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1891 – <a href="/wiki/Hardin%E2%80%93Simmons_University" title="Hardin–Simmons University">Simmons College</a> founded.<sup id="cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hellmann-2006-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1898 – "Federation" <a href="/wiki/Subscription_library" title="Subscription library">subscription library</a> organized.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1903 – <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_prohibition_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol prohibition in the United States">Saloons banned</a> in Abilene.<sup id="cite_ref-Downs_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Downs-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1906 – <a href="/wiki/Childers_Classical_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Childers Classical Institute">Childers Classical Institute</a> established.<sup id="cite_ref-dates_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dates-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1910 – Population: 9,204.<sup id="cite_ref-TSHApop_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSHApop-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1919 – <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Zoological_Gardens" title="Abilene Zoological Gardens">Abilene Zoological Gardens</a> established.<sup id="cite_ref-Kisling2001_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kisling2001-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1923 – <a href="/wiki/McMurry_University" title="McMurry University">McMurry College</a> established.<sup id="cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hellmann-2006-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1924 – <a href="/wiki/First_Presbyterian_Church_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="First Presbyterian Church (Abilene, Texas)">First Presbyterian Church</a> built.</li> <li>1925 – Majestic Theater, a major movie theater, opened.<sup id="cite_ref-cinema_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cinema-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1930 <ul><li>Paramount Theatre in business.<sup id="cite_ref-cinema_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cinema-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Population: 23,175.<sup id="cite_ref-TSHApop_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSHApop-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>1936 – KRBC <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Texas" title="List of radio stations in Texas">radio</a> begins broadcasting.<sup id="cite_ref-Alicoate1939_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alicoate1939-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1937 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Reporter-News" title="Abilene Reporter-News">Abilene Reporter-News</a></i> in publication.<sup id="cite_ref-LOC_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Regional "West Texas Chamber of Commerce" relocated to Abilene.<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>1942 – Temple Mizpah (synagogue) built.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1946 – <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Blue_Sox" title="Abilene Blue Sox">Abilene Blue Sox</a> baseball team formed.<sup id="cite_ref-Downs_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Downs-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1947 – Office of <a href="/wiki/City_manager" title="City manager">city manager</a> established.<sup id="cite_ref-Downs_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Downs-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1949 – Park Drive-In cinema in business.<sup id="cite_ref-cinema_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cinema-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1950 – Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra active.<sup id="cite_ref-Downs_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Downs-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1953 – KRBC-TV (<a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas" title="List of television stations in Texas">television</a>) begins broadcasting.<sup id="cite_ref-TV1964_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TV1964-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1956 <ul><li>U.S. military <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Abilene Air Force Base">Abilene Air Force Base</a> begins operating.<sup id="cite_ref-dates_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dates-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>KPAR-TV (<a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas" title="List of television stations in Texas">television</a>) begins broadcasting.<sup id="cite_ref-TV1964_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TV1964-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>1960 – Population: 90,368.<sup id="cite_ref-TSHApop_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSHApop-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1977 – Abilene Preservation League organized.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1978 – <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_prohibition_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol prohibition in the United States">Alcohol prohibition</a> ends in Abilene.<sup id="cite_ref-Downs_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Downs-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1979 – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stenholm" title="Charles Stenholm">Charles Stenholm</a> was elected as the Democratic <a href="/wiki/U.S._representative" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. representative">U.S. representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 17th congressional district">Texas's 17th congressional district</a>. He was re-elected for 13 terms.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2000 – City website online (approximate date).<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2001 – World War II-related "12th Armored Division Memorial Museum" opens.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2005 – Republican <a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">Randy Neugebauer</a> was elected as <a href="/wiki/U.S._representative" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. representative">U.S. representative</a> for Texas's newly <a href="/wiki/2003_Texas_redistricting" title="2003 Texas redistricting">redrawn</a> <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 19th congressional district">19th congressional district</a>, including Abilene.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2010 – Population: 117,063.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2017 – <a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">Jodey Arrington</a> becomes U.S. representative for Texas's 19th congressional district.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2019 – revamping the downtown area of North Abilene. As of October 2019 a couple of buildings were torn down and Hilton developed a new Double Tree hotel.</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abilene is located in northeastern Taylor County. The city limits extend north into Jones County. Interstate 20 leads east 149 miles (240 km) to Fort Worth and west 148 miles (238 km) to <a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a>. Three <a href="/wiki/U.S._highways" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. highways">U.S. highways</a> pass through the city. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_83_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 83 in Texas">US 83</a> runs west of the city center, leading north 24 miles (39 km) to <a href="/wiki/Anson,_Texas" title="Anson, Texas">Anson</a> and south 55 miles (89 km) to <a href="/wiki/Ballinger,_Texas" title="Ballinger, Texas">Ballinger</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_84_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 84 in Texas">US 84</a> runs with US 83 through the southwestern part of the city but leads southeast 52 miles (84 km) to <a href="/wiki/Coleman,_Texas" title="Coleman, Texas">Coleman</a> and west with I-20 40 miles (64 km) to <a href="/wiki/Sweetwater,_Texas" title="Sweetwater, Texas">Sweetwater</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_277_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Route 277 in Texas">US 277</a> follows US 83 around the northwestern side of the city and north to Anson, but heads southwest from Abilene 89 miles (143 km) to <a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Abilene has a total area of 112.2 sq mi (290.6 km<sup>2</sup>), of which 106.8 sq mi (276.6 km<sup>2</sup>) are land and 5.4 sq mi (14.0 km<sup>2</sup>) are covered by water (4.82%). The water area is mainly from three reservoirs in the city: <a href="/wiki/Lytle_Lake" title="Lytle Lake">Lytle Lake</a>, southeast of downtown on the western edge of <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Regional_Airport" title="Abilene Regional Airport">Abilene Regional Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirby_Lake" title="Kirby Lake">Kirby Lake</a> on the southeastern corner of the US 83/84 and Loop 322 interchange, and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Phantom_Hill" title="Fort Phantom Hill">Lake Fort Phantom Hill</a> in Jones County in northern Abilene. Clear Creek runs through the city just east of downtown, flowing north to Elm Creek and ultimately part of the <a href="/wiki/Brazos_River" title="Brazos River">Brazos River</a> watershed. </p><p>The fastest-growing sections of the city are in the southwest, along Southwest Drive, the Winters Freeway, and the Buffalo Gap Road corridor; the southeast, along Loop 322, Oldham Lane, Industrial Drive, and Maple Street; and in the northeast near the intersection of SH 351 and I-20. Many <a href="/wiki/Developments_in_Abilene,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Developments in Abilene, Texas">developments</a> have begun in these three areas within the last few years with a citywide focus on the reinvigoration of downtown Abilene.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, Abilene lies at the edge of a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a>, with areas to the west being <a href="/wiki/Semiarid" class="mw-redirect" title="Semiarid">semiarid</a>. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Abilene, Texas (<a href="/wiki/Abilene_Regional_Airport" title="Abilene Regional Airport">Abilene Regional Airport</a>), 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1885–present </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">104<br />(40) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">109<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">110<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">110<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">113<br />(45) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">108<br />(42) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103<br />(39) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #DC0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">111<br />(44) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.6<br />(25.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.9<br />(28.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.6<br />(31.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.2<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98.6<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100.1<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102.6<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102.4<br />(39.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97.5<br />(36.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.4<br />(33.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.2<br />(28.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.9<br />(25.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">104.6<br />(40.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.8<br />(14.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.8<br />(17.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.9<br />(21.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.2<br />(26.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.3<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.8<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.4<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.7<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.3<br />(26.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.8<br />(19.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.4<br />(15.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">78.2<br />(25.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.3<br />(7.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.1<br />(10.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.1<br />(14.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.0<br />(18.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.1<br />(23.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.1<br />(27.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.7<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.2<br />(29.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.8<br />(24.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.0<br />(19.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5<br />(13.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.3<br />(8.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">65.9<br />(18.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.4<br />(3.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.3<br />(7.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.8<br />(11.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.9<br />(16.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.5<br />(20.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.1<br />(22.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.4<br />(22.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.0<br />(18.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.7<br />(12.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.3<br />(6.3) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">53.7<br />(12.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(−7.9) </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(−6.6) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(−3.7) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.7<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.2<br />(7.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.6<br />(15.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.8<br />(18.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0<br />(17.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.8<br />(9.9) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.3<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(−4.0) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(−7.3) </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.0<br />(−10.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9<br />(−23) </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7<br />(−22) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9<br />(−13) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(−4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33<br />(1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44<br />(7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54<br />(12) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48<br />(9) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38<br />(3) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(−5) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13<br />(−11) </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7<br />(−22) </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−9<br />(−23) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #D5FFD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.10<br />(28) </td> <td style="background: #C9FFC9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.29<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #BDFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.73<br />(44) </td> <td style="background: #B6FFB6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.86<br />(47) </td> <td style="background: #84FF84; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.21<br />(82) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.44<br />(87) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.92<br />(49) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.53<br />(64) </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.67<br />(68) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.83<br />(72) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.40<br />(36) </td> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.26<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">25.24<br />(641) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.25) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(0.76) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3.7<br />(9.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.01 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">67.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">204.6 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">203.4 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">263.5 </td> <td style="background: #ECEC06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">282.0 </td> <td style="background: #F0F00F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">306.9 </td> <td style="background: #F7F722; color:#000000;" class="notheme">330.0 </td> <td style="background: #F9F925; color:#000000;" class="notheme">347.2 </td> <td style="background: #F2F214; color:#000000;" class="notheme">316.2 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">258.0 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">248.0 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">198.0 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">192.2 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3,150 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: National Weather Service<sup id="cite_ref-NOWData_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOWData-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong Observatory (sun only, 1961–1990)<sup id="cite_ref-HKO_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HKO-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_architecture">Notable architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notable architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:322px;max-width:322px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:159px;max-width:159px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:235px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abilene_June_2019_11_(Hotel_Wooten).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Abilene_June_2019_11_%28Hotel_Wooten%29.jpg/250px-Abilene_June_2019_11_%28Hotel_Wooten%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Abilene_June_2019_11_%28Hotel_Wooten%29.jpg/330px-Abilene_June_2019_11_%28Hotel_Wooten%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Wooten" title="Hotel Wooten">Hotel Wooten</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:159px;max-width:159px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:235px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abilene_June_2019_39_(The_Enterprise).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Abilene_June_2019_39_%28The_Enterprise%29.jpg/157px-Abilene_June_2019_39_%28The_Enterprise%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Abilene_June_2019_39_%28The_Enterprise%29.jpg/236px-Abilene_June_2019_39_%28The_Enterprise%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Abilene_June_2019_39_%28The_Enterprise%29.jpg/314px-Abilene_June_2019_39_%28The_Enterprise%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Tower" title="Enterprise Tower">Enterprise Tower</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Notable and historical buildings in Abilene include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Wooten" title="Hotel Wooten">Hotel Wooten</a> (1930) at 302 Cypress Street downtown, built by grocery entrepreneur H. O. Wooten, at 16 stories tall, is designed after the <a href="/wiki/Drake_Hotel_(Chicago)" title="Drake Hotel (Chicago)">Drake Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. It was restored in 2004 as a high-end apartment building.</li> <li>First Baptist Church (1954) at 1442 North Second Street has a spire 140 feet from the ground. Pastor Jesse Northcutt oversaw the planning of this building of 325 tons of steel.</li> <li>The Church of the Heavenly Rest, Episcopal, at 602 Meander Street, reflects surprising Gothic architecture on the West Texas Plains. Its plaque reads: "No man entering a house ignores him who dwells in it. This is the house of God and He is here."</li> <li>The 20-story <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Tower" title="Enterprise Tower">Enterprise Tower</a> at 500 Chestnut Street, the highest structure in Abilene, rises to 283 feet above the Plains. It is the tallest building in west central Texas and one of the five highest in the western two-thirds of the state.</li> <li>The Taylor County Courthouse at 300 Oak Street, with its international architectural style of concrete and pink granite, resembles few other courthouses.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Theatre_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="Paramount Theatre (Abilene, Texas)">Paramount Theatre</a> at 352 Cypress Street opened in 1930 and restored in 1986 had an original marquee 90 feet tall, with 1,400 lights.</li> <li>Lincoln Junior High School, 1699 South First Street. In 2012, the Abilene Independent School District deeded the property to the City of Abilene. This property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 28, 2012. Built in 1923, the architecture is Gothic Revival and includes two large gargoyles at the entrance and has Gothic and art deco motifs. It opened as Abilene High School in 1924, became Lincoln Junior High in 1955, and Lincoln Middle School in 1985. The campus closed in 2007. As of 2019, the Abilene Heritage Square was renovating the school into "a multipurpose center for learning, making, discovery, building community and innovating and encouraging our city's future businesses."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Abilene Public Library will also use the restored building as the new main branch.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="sr-only">Note</span></th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>3,194</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>3,411</td><td></td><td>6.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>9,204</td><td></td><td>169.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>10,274</td><td></td><td>11.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>23,175</td><td></td><td>125.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>26,612</td><td></td><td>14.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>45,570</td><td></td><td>71.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>90,368</td><td></td><td>98.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>89,653</td><td></td><td>−0.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>98,315</td><td></td><td>9.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>106,707</td><td></td><td>8.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>115,930</td><td></td><td>8.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>117,063</td><td></td><td>1.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>125,182</td><td></td><td>6.9%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">U.S. Census Bureau<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_census">2020 census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2020 census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption><b>Abilene city, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition</b><br /><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.</i></span></small> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race / Ethnicity <small>(<i>NH = Non-Hispanic</i>)</small> </th> <th>Pop 2000<sup id="cite_ref-2000CensusP004_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2000CensusP004-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Pop 2010<sup id="cite_ref-2010CensusP2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010CensusP2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Pop 2020<sup id="cite_ref-2020CensusP2_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020CensusP2-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>% 2000 </th> <th>% 2010 </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">% 2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>79,712 </td> <td>73,016 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">70,391 </td> <td>68.76% </td> <td>62.37% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">56.23% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_African_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans">Black or African American</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>9,947 </td> <td>10,638 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">12,242 </td> <td>8.58% </td> <td>9.09% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">9.78% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native">Alaska Native</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>428 </td> <td>448 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">496 </td> <td>0.37% </td> <td>0.38% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.40% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>1,492 </td> <td>1,865 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">2,678 </td> <td>1.29% </td> <td>1.59% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">2.14% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>63 </td> <td>94 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">141 </td> <td>0.05% </td> <td>0.08% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.11% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Some Other Race alone (NH) </td> <td>95 </td> <td>137 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">388 </td> <td>0.08% </td> <td>0.12% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.31% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Mixed race or Multiracial</a> (NH) </td> <td>1,645 </td> <td>2,199 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">5,212 </td> <td>1.42% </td> <td>1.88% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">4.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> (any race) </td> <td>22,548 </td> <td>28,666 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">33,634 </td> <td>19.45% </td> <td>24.49% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">26.87% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td><b>115,930</b> </td> <td><b>117,063</b> </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><b>125,182</b> </td> <td><b>100.00%</b> </td> <td><b>100.00%</b> </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><b>100.00%</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 United States census</a> counted 125,182 people, 46,134 households, and 29,111 families in Abilene.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0a_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0a-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population density was 1,173.6 per square mile (453.1/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 51,508 housing units at an average density of 482.9 units per square mile (186.4 units/km<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The racial makeup was 64.95% (81,300) <a href="/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. Census)">white</a> or <a href="/wiki/European_American" class="mw-redirect" title="European American">European American</a> (56.23% <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_White" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic White">non-Hispanic white</a>), 10.39% (13,012) <a href="/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="African American (U.S. Census)">black</a> or <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African-American</a>, 0.89% (1,114) <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native">Alaska Native</a>, 2.22% (2,785) <a href="/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. Census)">Asian</a>, 0.14% (170) <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)">Pacific Islander</a> or <a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian">Native Hawaiian</a>, 9.26% (11,590) from <a href="/wiki/Race_(United_States_Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (United States Census)">other races</a>, and 12.15% (15,211) from <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">two or more races</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> of any race was 26.87% (33,634) of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-:0b_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0b-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of the 46,134 households, 31.1% had children under the age of 18; 43.6% were married couples living together; 29.5% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 29.8% of households consisted of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average household size was 2.5 and the average family size was 3.1.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 16.5% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>23.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 98.3 males.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2016-2020 5-year <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a> estimates show that the median household income was $52,518 (with a margin of error of +/- $2,091) and the median family income was $67,079 (+/- $3,258).<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Males had a median income of $32,038 (+/- $1,216) versus $22,765 (+/- $1,577) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $27,110 (+/- $739).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately, 9.9% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the <a href="/wiki/Poverty_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty line">poverty line</a>, including 18.8% of those under the age of 18 and 9.5% of those ages 65 or over.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000_census">2000 census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2000 census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of the census<sup id="cite_ref-GR2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of 2000, 115,930 people, 41,570 households, and 28,101 families resided in the city. The population density was 1,102.7 inhabitants per square mile (425.8/km<sup>2</sup>). The 45,618 housing units averaged 433.9 units per square mile (167.5 units/km<sup>2</sup>). As of the 2010 census, Abilene had a population of 117,063. In 2020, its population was 125,182 people, 46,134 households, and 29,111 families residing in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0a_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0a-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2000, the <a href="/wiki/Race_(United_States_Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (United States Census)">racial makeup</a> of the city was 78.07% white, 8.81% African American, 0.55% Native American, 1.33% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 8.73% from other races, and 2.44% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 19.45% of the population. The racial and ethnic makeup of the population in 2010 was 62.4% non-Hispanic White, 9.6% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.1% non-Hispanic reporting some other race, 3.3% of two or more races, and 24.5% Hispanic or Latino. By 2020, its racial and ethnic composition was 56.23% non-Hispanic white, 9.78% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 2.14% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 0.31% some other race, 4.16% multiracial, and 26.87% Hispanic or Latino of any race.<sup id="cite_ref-:0b_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0b-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the 2000 census, the median income for a household in the city was $33,007, and for a family was $40,028. Males had a median income of $28,078 versus $20,918 for females. The <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">per capita income</a> for the city was $16,577. About 10.9% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the <a href="/wiki/Poverty_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty line">poverty line</a>, including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over. At the 2020 <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a>, the median household income in the city was $52,518.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mean household income was $70,807.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The economy in Abilene was originally based on the livestock and agricultural sectors,<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but is now based strongly on government, education, healthcare, and manufacturing. The petroleum industry is prevalent in the surrounding area, also.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has established incentives to bring new businesses to the area, including job training grants, relocation grants, and more.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Top_employers">Top employers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Top employers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the city's 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, Abilene's top employers are:<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>Employer</th> <th>Employees </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base" title="Dyess Air Force Base">Dyess Air Force Base</a></td> <td>8,864 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hendrick_Health_System" title="Hendrick Health System">Hendrick Health System</a></td> <td>4,032 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Independent_School_District" title="Abilene Independent School District">Abilene Independent School District</a></td> <td>2,450 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian University</a></td> <td>1,900 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>City of Abilene</td> <td>1,299 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_state_supported_living_centers" title="Texas state supported living centers">Abilene State Supported Living Center</a></td> <td>1,225 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_Department_of_Criminal_Justice" title="Texas Department of Criminal Justice">Texas Department of Criminal Justice</a></td> <td>1,187 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue_Cross_Blue_Shield" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Cross Blue Shield">Blue Cross Blue Shield of Texas</a></td> <td>1,061 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Taylor County, Texas">Taylor County</a></td> <td>560 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Financial_Bank" title="First Financial Bank">First Financial Bank</a></td> <td>540 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_infrastructure">Government and infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Government and infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Texas_Department_of_Criminal_Justice" title="Texas Department of Criminal Justice">Texas Department of Criminal Justice</a> (TDCJ) operates the Abilene District Parole Office in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Robertson_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Robertson Unit">Robertson Unit</a> prison and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middleton_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middleton Unit (page does not exist)">Middleton Unit</a> transfer unit are in Abilene and in <a href="/wiki/Jones_County,_Texas" title="Jones County, Texas">Jones County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> operates the Abilene Post Office and the Abilene Southern Hills Post Office.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 17, 2017, Abilene elected its first <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> mayor, Anthony Williams. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843" /><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#F8F8FF;width:60%">List of mayors of Abilene, Texas</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li>D. B. Corley, 1883–1885<sup id="cite_ref-auto_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>G. A. Kirkland, 1885–1886</li> <li>D. W. Wristen, 1886–1891</li> <li>H. A. Porter, 1891–1893</li> <li>D. W. Wristen, 1893–1897</li> <li>A. M. Robertson, 1897–1899</li> <li>John Bowyers, 1899–1901</li> <li>F. C. Digby Roberts, 1901–1904</li> <li>R. W. Ellis, 1904–1905</li> <li>Morgan Weaver, 1905–1907</li> <li>E. N. Kirby, 1906–1919</li> <li>Dallas Scarborough, 1919–1923</li> <li>Charles E. Coombes, 1923–1927</li> <li>Thomas E. Hayden, 1927–1931</li> <li>Lee R. York, 1931–1933</li> <li>C. L. Johnson, 1933–1937</li> <li>Will Hair, 1937–1947</li> <li>B. R. Blankenship, 1947–1949</li> <li>Hudson Smart, 1949–1951</li> <li>Ernest Grissom, 1951–1953</li> <li>C. E. Gatlin, 1953–1957</li> <li>Jess F. (T-Bone) Winters, 1957–1959</li> <li>George L Minter, 1959–1961</li> <li>C. R. Kinard, 1961–1963</li> <li>W. L. Byrd, 1963–1966</li> <li>Ralph N. Hooks, 1966–1969</li> <li>J. C. Hunter Jr., 1969–1975</li> <li>Fred Lee Hughes, 1975–1978</li> <li>Oliver Howard, 1978–1981</li> <li>Elbert E. Hall, 1981–1984</li> <li>David Stubbeman, 1984–1987</li> <li>Dale E. Ferguson, 1987–1990</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gary_D._McCaleb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gary D. McCaleb (page does not exist)">Gary D. McCaleb</a>, 1990–1999</li> <li>Grady Barr, 1999–2004</li> <li>Norm Archibald, 2004–2017</li> <li>Anthony Williams, 2017–2023</li> <li>Weldon Hurt, 2023–present</li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_education">Primary education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Primary education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abilene_June_2019_87_(Abilene_High_School).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Abilene_June_2019_87_%28Abilene_High_School%29.jpg/220px-Abilene_June_2019_87_%28Abilene_High_School%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Abilene_June_2019_87_%28Abilene_High_School%29.jpg/330px-Abilene_June_2019_87_%28Abilene_High_School%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Abilene_June_2019_87_%28Abilene_High_School%29.jpg/440px-Abilene_June_2019_87_%28Abilene_High_School%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abilene_High_School_(Abilene,_Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abilene High School (Abilene, Texas)">Abilene High School</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, within Taylor County, most of Abilene is in the <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Independent_School_District" title="Abilene Independent School District">Abilene Independent School District</a> (AISD), while portions extend into <a href="/wiki/Wylie_Independent_School_District_(Taylor_County,_Texas)" title="Wylie Independent School District (Taylor County, Texas)">Wylie Independent School District</a> (WISD), <a href="/wiki/Eula_Independent_School_District" title="Eula Independent School District">Eula Independent School District</a> and <a href="/wiki/Merkel_Independent_School_District" title="Merkel Independent School District">Merkel Independent School District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within Jones County, most of Abilene is in AISD, while portions extend into <a href="/wiki/Clyde_Consolidated_Independent_School_District" title="Clyde Consolidated Independent School District">Clyde Consolidated Independent School District</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hawley_Independent_School_District" title="Hawley Independent School District">Hawley Independent School District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>High schools include <a href="/wiki/Abilene_High_School_(Abilene,_Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abilene High School (Abilene, Texas)">Abilene High School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cooper_High_School_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="Cooper High School (Abilene, Texas)">Cooper High School</a> of AISD, and <a href="/wiki/Wylie_High_School_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="Wylie High School (Abilene, Texas)">Wylie High School</a> of WISD. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AbileneChristian.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/AbileneChristian.JPG/220px-AbileneChristian.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/AbileneChristian.JPG/330px-AbileneChristian.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/AbileneChristian.JPG/440px-AbileneChristian.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian University</a> campus</figcaption></figure> <p>Abilene is home to six colleges, three of which are religiously affiliated. Hardin–Simmons University is the oldest, founded in 1891. Abilene Christian University is the largest with 2012 undergraduate enrollment at 4,371. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Affiliation </th> <th>Founded </th> <th>Enrollment </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian University</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Churches of Christ</a> </td> <td>1906 </td> <td>6,219<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cisco_College" title="Cisco College">Cisco College</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1972<sup id="cite_ref-:2_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>3,256<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hardin%E2%80%93Simmons_University" title="Hardin–Simmons University">Hardin–Simmons University</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> </td> <td>1891 </td> <td>1,765<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/McMurry_University" title="McMurry University">McMurry University</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a> </td> <td>1923 </td> <td>1,237<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Technical_College" title="Texas State Technical College">Texas State Technical College West Texas</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1985 </td> <td>1,049<sup id="cite_ref-:2_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tech_University_Health_Sciences_Center_Abilene_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Abilene Campus">Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Abilene Campus</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>332 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislature" title="Texas Legislature">Texas Legislature</a> designated Taylor County as being in the Cisco Junior College District, while it designated Jones County as being in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Texas_College_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Texas College District">Western Texas College District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Healthcare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hendrick Medical Center includes two large hospital campuses on the north and south sides of Abilene, and is one of the city's largest employers. It is one of seven healthcare institutions affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Baptist_General_Convention_of_Texas" title="Baptist General Convention of Texas">Baptist General Convention of Texas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Presbyterian Medical Care Mission was founded in 1983 as a medical and dental clinic. Its services are focused to low-income individuals and families without insurance.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GraceAbilene1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/GraceAbilene1.jpg/250px-GraceAbilene1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/GraceAbilene1.jpg/330px-GraceAbilene1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/GraceAbilene1.jpg/500px-GraceAbilene1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Grace_Museum" title="The Grace Museum">The Grace Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The cultural aspects of Abilene revolve around a mix of the local college and university campuses, the agriculture community of the surrounding area, and a growing nightlife scene in the downtown area. Abilene is also home to the restored <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Theatre_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="Paramount Theatre (Abilene, Texas)">Paramount Theatre</a>, the Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra, <a href="/wiki/The_Grace_Museum" title="The Grace Museum">the Grace Museum</a>, the Center for Contemporary Arts, the <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Children%27s_Illustrated_Literature" title="National Center for Children's Illustrated Literature">National Center for Children's Illustrated Literature</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Zoological_Gardens" title="Abilene Zoological Gardens">The Abilene Zoo</a>, Frontier Texas!, the 12th Armored Division Museum, the Taylor County Expo Center, the Abilene Convention Center, six libraries (three private, three public), 26 public parks, six television stations, a daily newspaper, and several radio stations, including one <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> station (89.5 KACU). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Texas" title="List of newspapers in Texas">List of newspapers in Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Texas" title="List of radio stations in Texas">List of radio stations in Texas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas" title="List of television stations in Texas">List of television stations in Texas</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Newspapers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Abilene_Reporter-News" title="Abilene Reporter-News">Abilene Reporter-News</a></i> is the primary daily newspaper of the city of Abilene and the surrounding Big Country area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KRBC-TV" title="KRBC-TV">KRBC-TV</a> (NBC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTES-LD" class="mw-redirect" title="KTES-LD">KTES-LD</a> (TBD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTXS-TV" title="KTXS-TV">KTXS-TV</a> (ABC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTAB-TV" title="KTAB-TV">KTAB-TV</a> (CBS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KXVA" title="KXVA">KXVA-TV</a> (FOX)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li>88.1 FM <a href="/wiki/KGNZ" title="KGNZ">KGNZ</a> (Christian contemporary)</li> <li>89.5 FM <a href="/wiki/KACU" title="KACU">KACU</a> (Public Radio)</li> <li>90.5 FM <a href="/wiki/KAGT" title="KAGT">KAGT</a> (Christian contemporary)</li> <li>91.3 FM <a href="/wiki/KAQD" class="mw-redirect" title="KAQD">KAQD</a> (Religious)</li> <li>91.7 FM <a href="/wiki/KQOS" class="mw-redirect" title="KQOS">KQOS</a> (Religious)</li> <li>92.5 FM <a href="/wiki/KMWX" title="KMWX">KMWX</a> (Red Dirt Country)</li> <li>93.3 FM <a href="/wiki/KBGT" title="KBGT">KBGT</a> (Tejano)</li> <li>94.1 FM <a href="/wiki/KVVO-LP" title="KVVO-LP">KVVO-LP</a> (Inspirational Country)</li> <li>95.1 FM <a href="/wiki/KABW" title="KABW">KABW</a> (Country)</li> <li>96.1 FM <a href="/wiki/KORQ" title="KORQ">KORQ</a> (Farm, Country)</li> <li>98.1 FM <a href="/wiki/KTLT" title="KTLT">KTLT</a> (Active Rock)</li> <li>99.7 FM <a href="/wiki/KBCY" title="KBCY">KBCY</a> (Country)</li> <li>100.7 FM <a href="/wiki/KULL" title="KULL">KULL</a> (Classic hits)</li> <li>101.7 FM <a href="/wiki/KABT" title="KABT">KABT</a> (Americana and red dirt country)</li> <li>102.7 FM <a href="/wiki/KHXS" title="KHXS">KHXS</a> (Classic Rock)</li> <li>103.7 FM <a href="/wiki/KCDD" title="KCDD">KCDD</a> (Top 40)</li> <li>105.1 FM <a href="/wiki/KEAN" class="mw-redirect" title="KEAN">KEAN</a> (Country)</li> <li>106.3 FM <a href="/wiki/KTJK" title="KTJK">KTJK</a> (variety hits)</li> <li>106.9 FM <a href="/wiki/KLGD" title="KLGD">KLGD</a> (Country)</li> <li>107.9 FM <a href="/wiki/KEYJ" class="mw-redirect" title="KEYJ">KEYJ</a> (Active Rock)</li> <li>1280 AM <a href="/wiki/KSLI_(AM)" title="KSLI (AM)">KSLI</a> (Country)</li> <li>1340 AM <a href="/wiki/KWKC" title="KWKC">KWKC</a> (News Talk)</li> <li>1470 AM <a href="/wiki/KYYW" title="KYYW">KYYW</a> (News Talk)</li> <li>1560 AM <a href="/wiki/KZQQ" title="KZQQ">KZQQ</a> (Sports talk)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_highways">Major highways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Major highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ABILENE_TEXAS_HWY_80.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/ABILENE_TEXAS_HWY_80.JPG/220px-ABILENE_TEXAS_HWY_80.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/ABILENE_TEXAS_HWY_80.JPG/330px-ABILENE_TEXAS_HWY_80.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/ABILENE_TEXAS_HWY_80.JPG/440px-ABILENE_TEXAS_HWY_80.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption>A section of Business Loop 20 (formerly US 80) in Abilene</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I-20_(TX).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-20_%28TX%29.svg/40px-I-20_%28TX%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-20_%28TX%29.svg/60px-I-20_%28TX%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/I-20_%28TX%29.svg/120px-I-20_%28TX%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_20_in_Texas" title="Interstate 20 in Texas">Interstate 20</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Business_Loop_20.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Business_Loop_20.svg/40px-Business_Loop_20.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Business_Loop_20.svg/60px-Business_Loop_20.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Business_Loop_20.svg/120px-Business_Loop_20.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_20_Business_(Abilene,_Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 20 Business (Abilene, Texas)">Business Loop 20</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_80.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/US_80.svg/32px-US_80.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/US_80.svg/48px-US_80.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/US_80.svg/64px-US_80.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_80_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 80 in Texas">US 80</a> (former)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_83.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/US_83.svg/32px-US_83.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/US_83.svg/48px-US_83.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/US_83.svg/64px-US_83.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_83_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 83 in Texas">US 83</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_84.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_84.svg/40px-US_84.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_84.svg/60px-US_84.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_84.svg/120px-US_84.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_84_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 84 in Texas">US 84</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_277.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/US_277.svg/32px-US_277.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/US_277.svg/48px-US_277.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/US_277.svg/64px-US_277.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_277_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Route 277 in Texas">US 277</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_36.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Texas_36.svg/40px-Texas_36.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Texas_36.svg/60px-Texas_36.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Texas_36.svg/120px-Texas_36.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_36" title="Texas State Highway 36">SH 36</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_Loop_322.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Texas_Loop_322.svg/32px-Texas_Loop_322.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Texas_Loop_322.svg/48px-Texas_Loop_322.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Texas_Loop_322.svg/64px-Texas_Loop_322.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_Loop_322" title="Texas State Highway Loop 322">Loop 322</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_351.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Texas_351.svg/40px-Texas_351.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Texas_351.svg/60px-Texas_351.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Texas_351.svg/120px-Texas_351.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="384" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_351" title="Texas State Highway 351">SH 351</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_FM_89.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Texas_FM_89.svg/40px-Texas_FM_89.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Texas_FM_89.svg/60px-Texas_FM_89.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Texas_FM_89.svg/120px-Texas_FM_89.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Farm_to_Market_Road_89" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm to Market Road 89">FM 89</a> (Buffalo Gap Road)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_FM_600.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Texas_FM_600.svg/40px-Texas_FM_600.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Texas_FM_600.svg/60px-Texas_FM_600.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Texas_FM_600.svg/120px-Texas_FM_600.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Farm_to_Market_Road_600" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm to Market Road 600">FM 600</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_FM_707.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Texas_FM_707.svg/32px-Texas_FM_707.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Texas_FM_707.svg/48px-Texas_FM_707.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Texas_FM_707.svg/64px-Texas_FM_707.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Farm_to_Market_Road_707" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm to Market Road 707">FM 707</a> (Beltway South)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_FM_18.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Texas_FM_18.svg/40px-Texas_FM_18.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Texas_FM_18.svg/60px-Texas_FM_18.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Texas_FM_18.svg/120px-Texas_FM_18.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Farm_to_Market_Road_18" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm to Market Road 18">UR 18</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Texas_FM_3438.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Texas_FM_3438.svg/32px-Texas_FM_3438.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Texas_FM_3438.svg/48px-Texas_FM_3438.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Texas_FM_3438.svg/64px-Texas_FM_3438.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Farm_to_Market_Road_3438" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm to Market Road 3438">UR 3438</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airport">Airport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Airport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Abilene is served by <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Regional_Airport" title="Abilene Regional Airport">Abilene Regional Airport</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Abilene,_Texas" title="List of people from Abilene, Texas">List of people from Abilene, Texas</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Baumann" title="Ken Baumann">Ken Baumann</a>, actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh_Brown" title="Raleigh Brown">Raleigh Brown</a>, member of the <a href="/wiki/Texas_House_of_Representatives" title="Texas House of Representatives">Texas House of Representatives</a> and a state-court <a href="/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">judge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doyle_Brunson" title="Doyle Brunson">Doyle Brunson</a>, two-time <a href="/wiki/World_Series_of_Poker" title="World Series of Poker">World Series of Poker</a> champion, attended and played basketball at Hardin–Simmons College</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_%22Tex%22_Cobb" title="Randall "Tex" Cobb">Randall "Tex" Cobb</a>, heavyweight boxer and actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Coody" title="Charles Coody">Charles Coody</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masters_Tournament" title="Masters Tournament">Masters</a>-winning professional golfer (from <a href="/wiki/Stamford,_Texas" title="Stamford, Texas">Stamford</a> and Abilene) — graduate of ACU<sup id="cite_ref-abi-athl_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abi-athl-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carole_Cook" title="Carole Cook">Carole Cook</a>, an actress, was born January 14, 1924, in Abilene as Mildred Frances Cook</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Crane" title="Roy Crane">Roy Crane</a>, nationally syndicated cartoonist (<i><a href="/wiki/Wash_Tubbs" title="Wash Tubbs">Wash Tubbs</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Easy" title="Captain Easy">Captain Easy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Buz_Sawyer" title="Buz Sawyer">Buz Sawyer</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_(rapper)" title="Dorian (rapper)">Dorian</a>, hip hop recording artist, was born in Abilene</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Estes" title="Bob Estes">Bob Estes</a>, professional golfer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._C._Friley" title="W. C. Friley">W. C. Friley</a>, first president of Hardin–Simmons University, 1892–1894</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Gillispie" title="Billy Gillispie">Billy Gillispie</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Texas_Tech_Red_Raiders_men%27s_basketball" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Tech Red Raiders men's basketball">Texas Tech University Red Raiders</a>, Kentucky, and Texas A&M men's basketball coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Guzman" title="Ryan Guzman">Ryan Guzman</a>, actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_Hailey" title="Homer Hailey">Homer Hailey</a> (1903–2000), <a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Church of Christ</a> clergyman and professor at Abilene Christian University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_W._Harper" title="David W. Harper">David W. Harper</a> (born 1961), actor, played James Robert Walton on <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> <a href="/wiki/Television_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Television series">television series</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Waltons" title="The Waltons">The Waltons</a></i>, 1972–1981</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristy_Hawkins" title="Kristy Hawkins">Kristy Hawkins</a> (born 1980), IFBB professional bodybuilder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Herron" title="Jerry Herron">Jerry Herron</a> (born 1949), dean of <a href="/wiki/Wayne_State_University" title="Wayne State University">Wayne State University</a> Honors College</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_Hill" title="Katie Hill">Katie Hill</a>, former <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. congresswoman</a> from <a href="/wiki/California%27s_25th_congressional_district" title="California's 25th congressional district">CA-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micah_P._Hinson" title="Micah P. Hinson">Micah P. Hinson</a>, indie rock singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Hoblit" title="Gregory Hoblit">Gregory Hoblit</a>, film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Dean_Hunter" title="Robert Dean Hunter">Robert Dean Hunter</a>, member of <a href="/wiki/Texas_House_of_Representatives" title="Texas House of Representatives">Texas House of Representatives</a> from Abilene, 1986–2007; vice president emeritus of Abilene Christian University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Jones_(running_back)" title="Bill Jones (running back)">Bill Jones</a>, former NFL player for the <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" title="Kansas City Chiefs">Kansas City Chiefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Jones_(railroad_builder)" title="Morgan Jones (railroad builder)">Morgan Jones</a>, railroad builder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainy_Day_Jordan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainy Day Jordan">Rainy Day Jordan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy">Playboy</a> <a href="/wiki/Playmate" class="mw-redirect" title="Playmate">playmate</a> (Miss December 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Estes_Kavanaugh" title="Ashley Estes Kavanaugh">Ashley Kavanaugh</a>, public official and former political aide; wife of Supreme Court Justice <a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Keenum" title="Case Keenum">Case Keenum</a>, quarterback for the Houston Texans</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Knox" title="Johnny Knox">Johnny Knox</a>, former wide receiver for the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Chicago Bears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lackey" title="John Lackey">John Lackey</a>, former starting <a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">pitcher</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deirdre_Lovejoy" title="Deirdre Lovejoy">Deirdre Lovejoy</a>, best known for her role as Assistant State's Attorney Rhonda Pearlman on HBO's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wire" title="The Wire">The Wire</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Maxwell" title="Billy Maxwell">Billy Maxwell</a>, golfer, winner of seven PGA Tour events</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Paxton_Moody" title="Mildred Paxton Moody">Mildred Paxton Moody</a>, wife of Governor <a href="/wiki/Dan_Moody" title="Dan Moody">Dan Moody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Morrow" title="Bobby Morrow">Bobby Morrow</a>, three-time gold medal winner at <a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956 Olympic Games</a> in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, named Sportsman of the Year in 1956 by <i>Sports Illustrated</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Nagy" title="Scott Nagy">Scott Nagy</a>, head coach of the <a href="/wiki/Wright_State_University" title="Wright State University">Wright State University</a> men's basketball team, and former head coach for <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_State_University" title="South Dakota State University">South Dakota State University</a> men's basketball</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Olson" title="Billy Olson">Billy Olson</a>, pole vaulter (<a href="/wiki/1988_Summer_Olympics" title="1988 Summer Olympics">1988 Summer Olympics</a>, for the U.S. team that boycotted the <a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics" title="1980 Summer Olympics">1980 Summer Olympics</a>); held several world records<sup id="cite_ref-abi-athl_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abi-athl-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-acu-olson-cent_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acu-olson-cent-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hood_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hood-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-alltime-us_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alltime-us-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ty_O%27Neal" title="Ty O'Neal">Ty O'Neal</a>, rodeo cowboy and film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Orr" title="Terry Orr">Terry Orr</a>, tight end for the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Redskins" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Redskins">Washington Redskins</a> — played for CHS<sup id="cite_ref-abi-athl_79-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abi-athl-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fess_Parker" title="Fess Parker">Fess Parker</a> (1924–2010), actor and hotel and winery owner, attended Hardin–Simmons University, played football at HSU before transferring to <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas</a>, starred in TV as <i><a href="/wiki/Davy_Crockett_(TV_miniseries)" class="mw-redirect" title="Davy Crockett (TV miniseries)">Davy Crockett</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Boone_(1964_TV_series)" title="Daniel Boone (1964 TV series)">Daniel Boone</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Roy_Parnell" title="Lee Roy Parnell">Lee Roy Parnell</a>, country musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnie_Paul" title="Vinnie Paul">Vinnie Paul</a> (1964–2018), born in Abilene; musician, co-founder, and drummer of heavy metal band <a href="/wiki/Pantera" title="Pantera">Pantera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Damageplan" title="Damageplan">Damageplan</a>, drummer of <a href="/wiki/Hellyeah" title="Hellyeah">Hellyeah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Perry_(Texas_politician)" title="Charles Perry (Texas politician)">Charles Perry</a>, member of <a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate" title="Texas Senate">Texas Senate</a> from <a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a>, was born in Abilene in 1962</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Rhodes" title="Dominic Rhodes">Dominic Rhodes</a>, born in Waco Texas, football player for <a href="/wiki/Cooper_High_School_(Abilene,_Texas)" title="Cooper High School (Abilene, Texas)">Cooper High School</a>, NFL football player for <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Colts" title="Indianapolis Colts">Indianapolis Colts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Halsell_Rodenberger" title="Lou Halsell Rodenberger">Lou Halsell Rodenberger</a>, author and biographer of <a href="/wiki/Jane_Gilmore_Rushing" title="Jane Gilmore Rushing">Jane Gilmore Rushing</a>, professor at <a href="/wiki/McMurry_University" title="McMurry University">McMurry University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Roderick" title="Rick Roderick">Rick Roderick</a>, philosopher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Sharman" title="Bill Sharman">Bill Sharman</a>, Hall-of-Fame NBA basketball player and coach, born in Abilene</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Simpson" title="Jessica Simpson">Jessica Simpson</a>, singer and actress, born in Abilene</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_A._Solis" class="mw-redirect" title="Jorge A. Solis">Jorge A. Solis</a> (born 1951), U.S. federal judge, 5th Circuit</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawson_Stovall" title="Rawson Stovall">Rawson Stovall</a>, video game producer/designer, author, and first nationally syndicated reviewer of video games</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Stucky" title="Steven Stucky">Steven Stucky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a>-winning American <a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Weddington" title="Sarah Weddington">Sarah Weddington</a>, lawyer, represented "Jane Roe" in case of <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Wedgeworth" title="Ann Wedgeworth">Ann Wedgeworth</a>, actress<sup id="cite_ref-imdb_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imdb-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Williams" title="Mason Williams">Mason Williams</a>, musician, best known for his guitar instrumental "<a href="/wiki/Classical_Gas" title="Classical Gas">Classical Gas</a>"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chita,_Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai">Chita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky Krai</a>, Russia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Cuarto,_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Río Cuarto, Córdoba">Río Cuarto, Córdoba</a>, Argentina</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas" title="Portal:Texas">Texas portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_West_Texas" title="List of museums in West Texas">List of museums in West Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abilene_CityLink" title="Abilene CityLink">Abilene CityLink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abilene_paradox" title="Abilene paradox">Abilene paradox</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHoiberg2010" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/32">"Abilene"</a></span>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. Vol. I: A-ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia2009ency/page/32">32–33</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59339-837-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59339-837-8"><bdi>978-1-59339-837-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Abilene&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.series=Vol.+I%3A+A-ak+Bayes&rft.pages=32-33&rft.edition=15th&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Inc.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-59339-837-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewencyclopaedia2009ency%2Fpage%2F32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191207034944/https://www.abilenetx.gov/city-hall/departments/general-government/city-council/mayor">"Abilene Mayor | City of Abilene"</a>. <i>www.abilenetx.gov</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2019+U.S.+Gazetteer+Files&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fdocs%2Fmaps-data%2Fdata%2Fgazetteer%2F2019_Gazetteer%2F2019_gaz_place_48.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census_2020-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census_2020_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200213094831/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4801000">"Geographic Identifiers: 2020 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Abilene city, Texas (revision of 10-24-2021)"</a>. <i>American Factfinder</i>. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4801000">the original</a> on February 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Factfinder&rft.atitle=Geographic+Identifiers%3A+2020+Census+Summary+File+1+%28G001%29%3A+Abilene+city%2C+Texas+%28revision+of+10-24-2021%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fbkmk%2Ftable%2F1.0%2Fen%2FDEC%2F10_SF1%2FG001%2F1600000US4801000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupAction_input">"Look Up a Zip Code"</a>. <i>USPS.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161222044440/https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupAction_input">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USPS.com&rft.atitle=Look+Up+a+Zip+Code&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.usps.com%2Fgo%2FZipLookupAction_input&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GR2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GR2_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GR2_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">"U.S. Census website"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.census.gov&rft.atitle=U.S.+Census+Bureau+QuickFacts%3A+Abilene+city%2C+Texas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abilenechamber.com%2Fblog%2F2021%2F08%2F19%2F2020-census-is-complete%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopEstCBSA-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PopEstCBSA_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html#v2022">"2020 Population and Housing State Data"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Population Division. January 3, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220629175327/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html#v2022">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+Population+and+Housing+State+Data&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau%2C+Population+Division&rft.date=2024-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fdata%2Ftables%2Ftime-series%2Fdemo%2Fpopest%2F2020s-total-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html%23v2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GR6-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GR6_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx">"Find a County"</a>. National Association of Counties. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx">the original</a> on May 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Find+a+County&rft.pub=National+Association+of+Counties&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naco.org%2FCounties%2FPages%2FFindACounty.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGannett,_Henry1905" class="citation book cs1">Gannett, Henry (1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/origincertainpl00ganngoog"><i>The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States</i></a>. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/origincertainpl00ganngoog/page/n28">22</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7884-0579-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7884-0579-9"><bdi>0-7884-0579-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origin+of+Certain+Place+Names+in+the+United+States&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1905&rft.isbn=0-7884-0579-9&rft.au=Gannett%2C+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Forigincertainpl00ganngoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011060149/http://myabilene.com/living_here/content.cfm?content_id=599">"Top Employers / Manufacturers"</a>. <i>My Abilene</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://myabilene.com/living_here/content.cfm?content_id=599">the original</a> on October 11, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=My+Abilene&rft.atitle=Top+Employers+%2F+Manufacturers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmyabilene.com%2Fliving_here%2Fcontent.cfm%3Fcontent_id%3D599&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071009220118/http://myabilene.com/history/content.cfm?content_id=595">"From railroad tracks to vapor trails"</a>. <i>My Abilene</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://myabilene.com/history/content.cfm?content_id=595">the original</a> on October 9, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=My+Abilene&rft.atitle=From+railroad+tracks+to+vapor+trails&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmyabilene.com%2Fhistory%2Fcontent.cfm%3Fcontent_id%3D595&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071009220138/http://myabilene.com/history/content.cfm?content_id=601">"Historical Highlights"</a>. <i>My Abilene</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://myabilene.com/history/content.cfm?content_id=601">the original</a> on October 9, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=My+Abilene&rft.atitle=Historical+Highlights&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmyabilene.com%2Fhistory%2Fcontent.cfm%3Fcontent_id%3D601&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dates-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dates_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dates_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dates_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dates_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170412062434/http://www.abilenetx.com/living/history-information">"Significant Dates in Abilene History"</a>. <i>Abilenetx.com</i>. City of Abilene, Texas. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilenetx.com/living/history-information">the original</a> on April 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abilenetx.com&rft.atitle=Significant+Dates+in+Abilene+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abilenetx.com%2Fliving%2Fhistory-information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOC-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LOC_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/search/titles/results/?city=Abilene&rows=50&state=Texas&page=1&sort=date">"US Newspaper Directory"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chronicling_America" title="Chronicling America">Chronicling America</a></i>. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411223507/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/search/titles/results/?city=Abilene&rows=50&state=Texas&page=1&sort=date">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chronicling+America&rft.atitle=US+Newspaper+Directory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Fsearch%2Ftitles%2Fresults%2F%3Fcity%3DAbilene%26rows%3D50%26state%3DTexas%26page%3D1%26sort%3Ddate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hellmann-2006-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hellmann-2006_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPaul_T._Hellmann2006" class="citation book cs1">Paul T. Hellmann (2006). "Texas: Abilene". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=REtEXQNWq6MC"><i>Historical Gazetteer of the United States</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (January 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-135-94859-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-135-94859-3"><bdi>1-135-94859-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Texas%3A+Abilene&rft.btitle=Historical+Gazetteer+of+the+United+States&rft.pages=Category%3AWikipedia+articles+needing+page+number+citations+from+January+2024%3Csup+class%3D%22noprint+Inline-Template+%22+style%3D%22white-space%3Anowrap%3B%22%3E%26%2391%3B%3Ci%3EWikipedia%3ACiting+sources%7C%3Cspan+title%3D%22This+citation+requires+a+reference+to+the+specific+page+or+range+of+pages+in+which+the+material+appears.%26%2332%3B%28January+2024%29%22%3Epage-needed%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fi%3E%26%2393%3B%3C%2Fsup%3E&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-135-94859-3&rft.au=Paul+T.+Hellmann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DREtEXQNWq6MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170412063147/http://abilenetx.com/home/showdocument?id=4560">"City of Abilene Mayors 1883-2004"</a>. City of Abilene. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abilenetx.com/home/showdocument?id=4560">the original</a> on April 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Abilene+Mayors+1883-2004&rft.pub=City+of+Abilene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabilenetx.com%2Fhome%2Fshowdocument%3Fid%3D4560&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TSHApop-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TSHApop_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TSHApop_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TSHApop_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TSHApop_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texasalmanac.com/topics/population">"City Population History from 1850–2000: Abilene"</a>, <i>Texas Almanac</i>, Texas State Historical Association, January 12, 2011, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170825233352/https://texasalmanac.com/topics/population">archived</a> from the original on August 25, 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Texas+Almanac&rft.atitle=City+Population+History+from+1850%E2%80%932000%3A+Abilene&rft.date=2011-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexasalmanac.com%2Ftopics%2Fpopulation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b4221835?urlappend=%3Bseq=17">"Historical Sketches of Texas Libraries: Abilene"</a>, <i>Handbook of Texas Libraries</i>, no. 1, Austin: Texas Library Association, 1904, <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuc1.b4221835?urlappend=%3Bseq=17">2027/uc1.b4221835</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Handbook+of+Texas+Libraries&rft.atitle=Historical+Sketches+of+Texas+Libraries%3A+Abilene&rft.issue=1&rft.date=1904&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fuc1.b4221835%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fuc1.b4221835%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Downs-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Downs_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Downs_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Downs_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Downs_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Downs_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFane_Downs" class="citation web cs1">Fane Downs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hda01">"Abilene, TX"</a>. <i>Handbook of Texas Online</i>. <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Historical_Association" title="Texas State Historical Association">Texas State Historical Association</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411220721/https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hda01">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Handbook+of+Texas+Online&rft.atitle=Abilene%2C+TX&rft.au=Fane+Downs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tshaonline.org%2Fhandbook%2Fonline%2Farticles%2Fhda01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kisling2001-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kisling2001_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVernon_N._Kisling,_Jr.2001" class="citation book cs1">Vernon N. Kisling, Jr., ed. (2001). "Zoological Gardens of the United States". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ulbMBQAAQBAJ"><i>Zoo and Aquarium History</i></a>. USA: <a href="/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-3924-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-3924-5"><bdi>978-1-4200-3924-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170216023519/https://books.google.com/books?id=ulbMBQAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Zoological+Gardens+of+the+United+States&rft.btitle=Zoo+and+Aquarium+History&rft.place=USA&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-3924-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DulbMBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span> (Chronological list)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cinema-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cinema_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cinema_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cinema_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/united-states/texas/abilene?status=all">"Movie Theaters in Abilene, TX"</a>. <i>CinemaTreasures.org</i>. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170412061552/http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/united-states/texas/abilene?status=all">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CinemaTreasures.org&rft.atitle=Movie+Theaters+in+Abilene%2C+TX&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcinematreasures.org%2Ftheaters%2Funited-states%2Ftexas%2Fabilene%3Fstatus%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alicoate1939-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alicoate1939_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJack_Alicoate1939" class="citation cs2">Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/radioannual193900radi#page/378/mode/2up">"Standard Broadcasting Stations of the United States: Texas"</a>, <i>Radio Annual</i>, New York: Radio Daily, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2459636">2459636</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Standard+Broadcasting+Stations+of+the+United+States%3A+Texas&rft.btitle=Radio+Annual&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Radio+Daily&rft.date=1939&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2459636&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fradioannual193900radi%23page%2F378%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Handbook-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Handbook_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_Texas_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Handbook of Texas Online"><i>Handbook of Texas Online</i></a>. Texas State Historical Association.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Texas+Online&rft.pub=Texas+State+Historical+Association&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isjl.org/texas-west-encyclopedia.html">"Texas: West Texas"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Southern Jewish Communities</i>. Jackson, Mississippi: Goldring / Woldenberg Institute of Southern Jewish Life. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170703065416/http://www.isjl.org/texas-west-encyclopedia.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Texas%3A+West+Texas&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Southern+Jewish+Communities&rft.place=Jackson%2C+Mississippi&rft.pub=Goldring+%2F+Woldenberg+Institute+of+Southern+Jewish+Life&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isjl.org%2Ftexas-west-encyclopedia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TV1964-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TV1964_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TV1964_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/r00radi#page/560/mode/2up">"United States TV Stations Texas"</a>, <i>Yearbook of Radio and Television</i>, New York: Radio Television Daily, 1964, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7469377">7469377</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320085652/https://archive.org/stream/r00radi#page/560/mode/2up">archived</a> from the original on March 20, 2017 – via Internet Archive</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=United+States+TV+Stations+Texas&rft.btitle=Yearbook+of+Radio+and+Television&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Radio+Television+Daily&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7469377&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fr00radi%23page%2F560%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilenepreservation.org/">"About"</a>. Abilene Preservation League. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170412061343/http://www.abilenepreservation.org/">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About&rft.pub=Abilene+Preservation+League&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abilenepreservation.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015012846567?urlappend=%3Bseq=217">"Texas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Official_Congressional_Directory" title="Official Congressional Directory"><i>Official Congressional Directory</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1979. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.39015012846567?urlappend=%3Bseq=217">2027/mdp.39015012846567</a> – via <a href="/wiki/HathiTrust" title="HathiTrust">HathiTrust</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Texas&rft.btitle=Official+Congressional+Directory&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015012846567%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D217&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015012846567%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000817044142/http://www.abilenetx.com/">"City of Abilene, TX"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilenetx.com/">the original</a> on August 17, 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Abilene%2C+TX&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abilenetx.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKevin_HydeTamie_Hyde" class="citation web cs1">Kevin Hyde; Tamie Hyde (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000824030829/http://officialcitysites.org/Texas/Cities/A/">"Texas - City / Town / Locality links"</a>. <i>Official City Sites</i>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40169021">40169021</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://officialcitysites.org/Texas/Cities/">the original</a> on August 24, 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+City+Sites&rft.atitle=Texas+-+City+%2F+Town+%2F+Locality+links&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40169021&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fofficialcitysites.org%2FTexas%2FCities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.reporternews.com/news/local/world-war-ii-museum-turns-15-3e138688-6e12-0d96-e053-0100007f86b0-396099581.html">"World War II museum turns 15"</a>. <i>Abilene Reporter-News</i>. October 5, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170825232130/http://archive.reporternews.com/news/local/world-war-ii-museum-turns-15-3e138688-6e12-0d96-e053-0100007f86b0-396099581.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abilene+Reporter-News&rft.atitle=World+War+II+museum+turns+15&rft.date=2016-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.reporternews.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fworld-war-ii-museum-turns-15-3e138688-6e12-0d96-e053-0100007f86b0-396099581.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.reporternews.com/lifestyle/columnists/larry-zelisko/larry-the-answer-guy-several-congressmen-have-come-from-this-area-2e922399-2e16-2fbf-e053-0100007f54-373088941.html">"Larry the Answer Guy: Several congressmen have come from this area"</a>. <i>Abilene Reporter-News</i>. March 22, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abilene+Reporter-News&rft.atitle=Larry+the+Answer+Guy%3A+Several+congressmen+have+come+from+this+area&rft.date=2016-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.reporternews.com%2Flifestyle%2Fcolumnists%2Flarry-zelisko%2Flarry-the-answer-guy-several-congressmen-have-come-from-this-area-2e922399-2e16-2fbf-e053-0100007f54-373088941.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span> (List of U.S. Congressional representatives for Abilene, 1883–2016)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/4801000">"Abilene city, Texas"</a>. <i>QuickFacts</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=QuickFacts&rft.atitle=Abilene+city%2C+Texas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ftable%2FPST045215%2F4801000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCivic_Impulse,_LLC" class="citation web cs1">Civic Impulse, LLC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members">"Members of Congress"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GovTrack.us" class="mw-redirect" title="GovTrack.us">GovTrack</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GovTrack&rft.atitle=Members+of+Congress&rft.au=Civic+Impulse%2C+LLC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fmembers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.downtownabi.com/">"Downtown Abilene Initiative | Shopping, Dining, Entertainment & More"</a>. <i>Downtown Abilene Initiative</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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National Weather Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 2,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NOAA+Online+Weather+Data+%E2%80%93+NWS+San+Angelo&rft.pub=National+Weather+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fwrh%2Fclimate%3Fwfo%3Dsjt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HKO-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HKO_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120727162359/http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/abilene_e.htm">"Climatological Normals of Abilene"</a>. Hong Kong SAR Government. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/abilene_e.htm">the original</a> on July 27, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climatological+Normals+of+Abilene&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+SAR+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hko.gov.hk%2Fwxinfo%2Fclimat%2Fworld%2Feng%2Fn_america%2Fus%2Fabilene_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abileneheritagesquare.org/">"Abilene Heritage Square"</a>. <i>Abilene Heritage Square</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abilene+Heritage+Square&rft.atitle=Abilene+Heritage+Square&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abileneheritagesquare.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bigcountryhomepage.com/news/library-event-center-coffee-shop-and-more-coming-to-old-lincoln-middle-school/">"Library, event center, coffee shop, and more part of $41.5 million project at old Lincoln Middle School"</a>. <i>KTAB - BigCountryHomepage.com</i>. July 26, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KTAB+-+BigCountryHomepage.com&rft.atitle=Library%2C+event+center%2C+coffee+shop%2C+and+more+part+of+%2441.5+million+project+at+old+Lincoln+Middle+School&rft.date=2019-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bigcountryhomepage.com%2Fnews%2Flibrary-event-center-coffee-shop-and-more-coming-to-old-lincoln-middle-school%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120727033520/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=Search&_name=abilene&_state=04000US48&_county=abilene&_cityTown=abilene&_zip=&_sse=on&_lang=en&pctxt=fph">"Abilene population US Census"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=Search&_name=abilene&_state=04000US48&_county=abilene&_cityTown=abilene&_zip=&_sse=on&_lang=en&pctxt=fph">the original</a> on July 27, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abilene+population+US+Census&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fservlet%2FSAFFPopulation%3F_event%3DSearch%26_name%3Dabilene%26_state%3D04000US48%26_county%3Dabilene%26_cityTown%3Dabilene%26_zip%3D%26_sse%3Don%26_lang%3Den%26pctxt%3Dfph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2000CensusP004-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2000CensusP004_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table?g=160XX00US4801000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004">"P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Abilene city, Texas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=P004%3A+Hispanic+or+Latino%2C+and+Not+Hispanic+or+Latino+by+Race+%E2%80%93+2000%3A+DEC+Summary+File+1+%E2%80%93+Abilene+city%2C+Texas&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%3Fg%3D160XX00US4801000%26tid%3DDECENNIALSF12000.P004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010CensusP2-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2010CensusP2_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4801000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2">"P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Abilene city, Texas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=P2%3A+Hispanic+or+Latino%2C+and+Not+Hispanic+or+Latino+by+Race+%E2%80%93+2010%3A+DEC+Redistricting+Data+%28PL+94-171%29+%E2%80%93+Abilene+city%2C+Texas&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Fcedsci%2Ftable%3Fq%3Dp2%26g%3D160XX00US4801000%26tid%3DDECENNIALPL2010.P2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2020CensusP2-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2020CensusP2_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US4801000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2">"P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Abilene city, Texas"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=P2%3A+Hispanic+or+Latino%2C+and+Not+Hispanic+or+Latino+by+Race+%E2%80%93+2020%3A+DEC+Redistricting+Data+%28PL+94-171%29+%E2%80%93+Abilene+city%2C+Texas&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Fcedsci%2Ftable%3Fq%3Dp2%26g%3D160XX00US4801000%26tid%3DDECENNIALPL2020.P2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20dp1">"Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+DP1%3A+PROFILE+OF+GENERAL+POPULATION+AND+HOUSING+CHARACTERISTICS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FDECENNIALDP2020.DP1%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520dp1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0a-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0a_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0a_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20p16&y=2020">"Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+P16%3A+HOUSEHOLD+TYPE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520p16%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html">"Gazetteer Files"</a>. <i>Census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 30,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census.gov&rft.atitle=Gazetteer+Files&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fgeographies%2Freference-files%2F2020%2Fgeo%2Fgazetter-file.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20p1&y=2020">"Table P1: RACE"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+P1%3A+RACE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FDECENNIALPL2020.P1%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520p1%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0b-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0b_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0b_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20p2&y=2020">"Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+P2%3A+HISPANIC+OR+LATINO%2C+AND+NOT+HISPANIC+OR+LATINO+BY+RACE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FDECENNIALPL2020.P2%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520p2%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20s1101%20&y=2020">"Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S1101%3A+HOUSEHOLDS+AND+FAMILIES&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FACSST5Y2020.S1101%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520s1101%2520%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20s1501%20&y=2020">"Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S1501%3A+EDUCATIONAL+ATTAINMENT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FACSST5Y2020.S1501%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520s1501%2520%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20s1903%20&y=2020">"Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S1903%3A+MEDIAN+INCOME+IN+THE+PAST+12+MONTHS+%28IN+2020+INFLATION-ADJUSTED+DOLLARS%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FACSST5Y2020.S1903%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520s1903%2520%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20s2001%20&y=2020">"Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S2001%3A+EARNINGS+IN+THE+PAST+12+MONTHS+%28IN+2020+INFLATION-ADJUSTED+DOLLARS%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FACSST5Y2020.S2001%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520s2001%2520%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20s1701%20&y=2020">"Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S1701%3A+POVERTY+STATUS+IN+THE+PAST+12+MONTHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FACSST5Y2020.S1701%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520s1701%2520%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20s1702&y=2020">"Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S1702%3A+POVERTY+STATUS+IN+THE+PAST+12+MONTHS+OF+FAMILIES&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Ftable%2FACSST5Y2020.S1702%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520s1702%26y%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20median%20income&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S2503">"Table S2503: FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S2503%3A+FINANCIAL+CHARACTERISTICS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Fcedsci%2Ftable%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520median%2520income%26tid%3DACSST5Y2020.S2503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Abilene%20city,%20Texas%20median%20income&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1901">"Table S1901: INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)"</a>. <i>data.census.gov</i>. U.S. Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.census.gov&rft.atitle=Table+S1901%3A+INCOME+IN+THE+PAST+12+MONTHS+%28IN+2020+INFLATION-ADJUSTED+DOLLARS%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.census.gov%2Fcedsci%2Ftable%3Fq%3DAbilene%2520city%2C%2520Texas%2520median%2520income%26tid%3DACSST5Y2020.S1901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126085005/http://aif.developabilene.com/incentives">"Incentives : Abilene Industrial Foundation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aif.developabilene.com/incentives">the original</a> on January 26, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 22,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Incentives+%3A+Abilene+Industrial+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faif.developabilene.com%2Fincentives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abilenetx.gov/DocumentCenter/View/27785/FY23-Annual-Comprehensive-Financial-Report-PDF?bidId=">"FY23 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report"</a>. <i>abilenetx.gov</i>. City of Abilene, Texas.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=abilenetx.gov&rft.atitle=FY23+Annual+Comprehensive+Financial+Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abilenetx.gov%2FDocumentCenter%2FView%2F27785%2FFY23-Annual-Comprehensive-Financial-Report-PDF%3FbidId%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff5.htm">Parole Division Region V</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110926122729/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/parole/parole-directory/paroledir-rgnldisparoff5.htm">Archived</a> 2011-09-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/wiki/Texas_Department_of_Criminal_Justice" title="Texas Department of Criminal Justice">Texas Department of Criminal Justice</a>. Retrieved on May 22, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilenetx.com/ons/map.htm?Submit=I+Accept">Super Neighborhood Areas</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609140822/http://www.abilenetx.com/ons/map.htm?Submit=I+Accept">Archived</a> 2011-06-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilenetx.com/ons/image/map.jpg">Direct map link</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110609141019/http://www.abilenetx.com/ons/image/map.jpg">Archived</a> 2011-06-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) City of Abilene. Retrieved on July 23, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/rb.htm">Robertson Unit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100725201413/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/rb.htm">Archived</a> 2010-07-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on July 23, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/ne.htm">Middleton Unit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100725201344/http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/stat/unitdirectory/ne.htm">Archived</a> 2010-07-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on July 23, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100615053709/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/abilene-341-pine-st-abilene-tx-1352285">"Post Office Location - ABILENE"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/abilene-341-pine-st-abilene-tx-1352285">the original</a> on June 15, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Post+Office+Location+-+ABILENE&rft.pub=United+States+Postal+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusps.whitepages.com%2Fservice%2Fpost_office%2Fabilene-341-pine-st-abilene-tx-1352285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613121740/http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/abilene-southern-hills-2501-buffalo-gap-rd-abilene-tx-1382354">"Post Office Location - ABILENE SOUTHERN HILLS"</a>. United States Postal Service. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usps.whitepages.com/service/post_office/abilene-southern-hills-2501-buffalo-gap-rd-abilene-tx-1382354">the original</a> on June 13, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Post+Office+Location+-+ABILENE+SOUTHERN+HILLS&rft.pub=United+States+Postal+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusps.whitepages.com%2Fservice%2Fpost_office%2Fabilene-southern-hills-2501-buffalo-gap-rd-abilene-tx-1382354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041211111458/http://www.abilenetx.com/council/norm.htm">"Mayor"</a>. City of Abilene. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilenetx.com/council/norm.htm">the original</a> on December 11, 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mayor&rft.pub=City+of+Abilene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abilenetx.com%2Fcouncil%2Fnorm.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48441_taylor/DC20SD_C48441.pdf">"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Taylor County, TX"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Abilene Christian University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=acu.edu&rft.atitle=Quick+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facu.edu%2Fabout%2Fquick-facts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBethel2006" class="citation news cs1">Bethel, Brian (January 27, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130719134709/http://www.reporternews.com/news/2006/jan/27/cisco-junior-college-abilene-outgrows-building/?print=1">"Cisco Junior College Abilene outgrows building"</a>. <i>Abilene Reporter News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reporternews.com/news/2006/jan/27/cisco-junior-college-abilene-outgrows-building/?print=1">the original</a> on July 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abilene+Reporter+News&rft.atitle=Cisco+Junior+College+Abilene+outgrows+building&rft.date=2006-01-27&rft.aulast=Bethel&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reporternews.com%2Fnews%2F2006%2Fjan%2F27%2Fcisco-junior-college-abilene-outgrows-building%2F%3Fprint%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/education/community-colleges/cisco-college-CC01392">"Cisco College Overview"</a>. <i>usnews.com</i>. U.S. News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usnews.com&rft.atitle=Cisco+College+Overview&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Feducation%2Fcommunity-colleges%2Fcisco-college-CC01392&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/hardin-simmons-university-3571">"Hardin-Simmons Overview"</a>. <i>usnews.com</i>. U.S. News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usnews.com&rft.atitle=Hardin-Simmons+Overview&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fbest-colleges%2Fhardin-simmons-university-3571&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/mcmurry-university-3591">"McMurry Overview Overview"</a>. <i>usnews.com</i>. U.S. News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usnews.com&rft.atitle=McMurry+Overview+Overview&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fbest-colleges%2Fmcmurry-university-3591&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.130.htm">"Sec. 130.172. CISCO JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA. Sec. 130.210. WESTERN TEXAS COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sec.+130.172.+CISCO+JUNIOR+COLLEGE+DISTRICT+SERVICE+AREA.+Sec.+130.210.+WESTERN+TEXAS+COLLEGE+DISTRICT+SERVICE+AREA.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatutes.capitol.texas.gov%2FDocs%2FED%2Fhtm%2FED.130.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120902200452/http://www.ehendrick.org/mission.htm">"About Us"</a>. ehendrick.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ehendrick.org/mission.htm">the original</a> on September 2, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=ehendrick.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ehendrick.org%2Fmission.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://medicalcaremission.org/">"Medical Care Mission : Abilene"</a>. medicalcaremission.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120527021930/http://medicalcaremission.org/">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medical+Care+Mission+%3A+Abilene&rft.pub=medicalcaremission.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedicalcaremission.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abi-athl-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-abi-athl_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-abi-athl_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-abi-athl_79-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAl_Pickett1999" class="citation web cs1">Al Pickett (December 24, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071028103944/http://www.texnews.com/1998/1999/sports/star1224.html">"Abilene has produced more than its share of stars"</a>. <i>Abilene Reporter-News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.texnews.com/1998/1999/sports/star1224.html">the original</a> on October 28, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abilene+Reporter-News&rft.atitle=Abilene+has+produced+more+than+its+share+of+stars&rft.date=1999-12-24&rft.au=Al+Pickett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.texnews.com%2F1998%2F1999%2Fsports%2Fstar1224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-acu-olson-cent-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-acu-olson-cent_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527212053/http://www.acu.edu/centennial/profiles/billy_olson.html">"Information about Abilene Christian University"</a>. Acu.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acu.edu/centennial/profiles/billy_olson.html">the original</a> on May 27, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Information+about+Abilene+Christian+University&rft.pub=Acu.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acu.edu%2Fcentennial%2Fprofiles%2Fbilly_olson.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hood-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hood_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTed_Dunnam2000" class="citation web cs1">Ted Dunnam (June 25, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080222225255/http://www.acu.edu/events/news/000625-arnvaulted.html">"Coaching by Hood vaulted ACU over top"</a>. <i>Abilene Reporter-News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acu.edu/events/news/000625-arnvaulted.html">the original</a> on February 22, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abilene+Reporter-News&rft.atitle=Coaching+by+Hood+vaulted+ACU+over+top&rft.date=2000-06-25&rft.au=Ted+Dunnam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acu.edu%2Fevents%2Fnews%2F000625-arnvaulted.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alltime-us-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-alltime-us_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071201144108/http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/rankings/men/pvusranking.pdf">"All-Time U.S. Rankings — Men's Pole Vault"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/rankings/men/pvusranking.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on December 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All-Time+U.S.+Rankings+%E2%80%94+Men%27s+Pole+Vault&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trackandfieldnews.com%2Frankings%2Fmen%2Fpvusranking.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span> Ranked #1 in the world for 1982.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFrank_Litsky1982" class="citation web cs1">Frank Litsky (February 22, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081209034457/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40616FF385F0C718EDDAB0894DA484D81&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FO%2FOlympic%20Games&oref=slogin">"Billy Olson is inching ahead on way to a 19-foot vault"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> (late city final ed.). p. C6, column 1. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40616FF385F0C718EDDAB0894DA484D81&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fO%2fOlympic%20Games&oref=slogin">the original</a></span> on December 9, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Billy+Olson+is+inching+ahead+on+way+to+a+19-foot+vault&rft.pages=C6%2C+column+1&rft.date=1982-02-22&rft.au=Frank+Litsky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DF40616FF385F0C718EDDAB0894DA484D81%26n%3DTop%252fReference%252fTimes%2520Topics%252fSubjects%252fO%252fOlympic%2520Games%26oref%3Dslogin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imdb-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-imdb_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0917190/">Abilene, Texas</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/texasstategazett01rlpo#page/n213/mode/2up">"Abilene"</a>. <i>Texas State Gazetteer and Business Directory</i>. St. Louis: <a href="/wiki/R.L._Polk_%26_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="R.L. Polk & Co.">R.L. Polk & Co.</a> 1884.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Abilene&rft.btitle=Texas+State+Gazetteer+and+Business+Directory&rft.place=St.+Louis&rft.pub=R.L.+Polk+%26+Co.&rft.date=1884&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ftexasstategazett01rlpo%23page%2Fn213%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/texasstategazett31rlpo#page/n273/mode/2up">"Abilene"</a>. <i>Texas State Gazetteer and Business Directory</i>. Detroit: R.L. Polk & Co. 1890.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Abilene&rft.btitle=Texas+State+Gazetteer+and+Business+Directory&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pub=R.L.+Polk+%26+Co.&rft.date=1890&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ftexasstategazett31rlpo%23page%2Fn273%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth160206/"><i>Abilene City Directory</i></a>. Dallas: John F. Worley Directory Co. 1919 – via University of North Texas.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abilene+City+Directory&rft.place=Dallas&rft.pub=John+F.+Worley+Directory+Co.&rft.date=1919&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexashistory.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetapth160206%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Writers'_Project1940" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Writers%27_Project" title="Federal Writers' Project">Federal Writers' Project</a> (1940), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015002677667?urlappend=%3Bseq=574">"Abilene"</a>, <i>Texas: a Guide to the Lone Star State</i>, <a href="/wiki/American_Guide_Series" title="American Guide Series">American Guide Series</a>, New York: Hastings House, pp. <span class="nowrap">470–</span>472, <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.39015002677667?urlappend=%3Bseq=574">2027/mdp.39015002677667</a> – via <a href="/wiki/HathiTrust" title="HathiTrust">HathiTrust</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Abilene&rft.btitle=Texas%3A+a+Guide+to+the+Lone+Star+State&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=American+Guide+Series&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E470-%3C%2Fspan%3E472&rft.pub=Hastings+House&rft.date=1940&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015002677667%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D574&rft.au=Federal+Writers%27+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015002677667%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D574&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth160213"><i>Abilene City Directory</i></a>. Dallas: John F. Worley Directory Co. 1946 – via University of North Texas.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abilene+City+Directory&rft.place=Dallas&rft.pub=John+F.+Worley+Directory+Co.&rft.date=1946&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexashistory.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetapth160213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a></span></span></li> <li>Abilene...On Catclaw Creek: A Profile of a West Texas Town (Abilene, Texas: Reporter Publishing, 1969)</li> <li>Katharyn Duff and Betty Kay Seibt. Catclaw Country: An Informal History of Abilene in West Texas (Burnet, Texas: Eakin Press, 1980)</li> <li>Fane Downs, ed. The Future Great City of West Texas: Abilene, 1881–1981 (Abilene: Richardson, 1981).</li> <li>Paul D. Lack et al. The History of Abilene (Abilene, Texas: McMurry College, 1981)</li> <li>Juanita Daniel Zachry. Abilene (Northridge, California: Windsor, 1986).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTracy_M._ShilcuttDavid_A._CoffeyDonald_S._Frazier2000" class="citation book cs1">Tracy M. Shilcutt; David A. Coffey; Donald S. Frazier (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wsYfK04hEg0C"><i>Historic Abilene: An Illustrated History</i></a>. San Antonio: Historical Publishing Network "for the Abilene Preservation League". <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-893619-06-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-893619-06-7"><bdi>978-1-893619-06-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+Abilene%3A+An+Illustrated+History&rft.place=San+Antonio&rft.pub=Historical+Publishing+Network+%22for+the+Abilene+Preservation+League%22&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-893619-06-7&rft.au=Tracy+M.+Shilcutt&rft.au=David+A.+Coffey&rft.au=Donald+S.+Frazier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwsYfK04hEg0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavid_J._Wishart2004" class="citation book cs1">David J. Wishart, ed. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.ct.000.xml">"Cities and Towns: Abilene, Texas"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of the Great Plains</i>. University of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-4787-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-4787-7"><bdi>0-8032-4787-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cities+and+Towns%3A+Abilene%2C+Texas&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Great+Plains&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-8032-4787-7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplainshumanities.unl.edu%2Fencyclopedia%2Fdoc%2Fegp.ct.000.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDonald_S._FrazierRobert_F._Pace2009" class="citation book cs1">Donald S. Frazier; Robert F. Pace (2009). <i>Abilene Landmarks: An Illustrated Tour</i>. State House Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781933337302" title="Special:BookSources/9781933337302"><bdi>9781933337302</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abilene+Landmarks%3A+An+Illustrated+Tour&rft.pub=State+House+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781933337302&rft.au=Donald+S.+Frazier&rft.au=Robert+F.+Pace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJack_E._North2010" class="citation book cs1">Jack E. North (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kSkGsZ2dyLgC"><i>Early Abilene</i></a>. Images of America. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439624791" title="Special:BookSources/9781439624791"><bdi>9781439624791</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Abilene&rft.place=Charleston%2C+South+Carolina&rft.series=Images+of+America&rft.pub=Arcadia&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781439624791&rft.au=Jack+E.+North&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkSkGsZ2dyLgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_DromgooleJay_MooreJoe_W._Specht2013" class="citation book cs1">Glenn Dromgoole; Jay Moore; Joe W. Specht, eds. (2013). <i>Abilene Stories: From Then to Now</i>. Abilene Christian University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89112-368-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89112-368-2"><bdi>978-0-89112-368-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abilene+Stories%3A+From+Then+to+Now&rft.pub=Abilene+Christian+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-89112-368-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Lost Abilene: Images of America</i>, <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston, South Carolina</a>: <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_Publishing" title="Arcadia Publishing">Arcadia Publishing</a>. 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-73859-693-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-73859-693-8">978-0-73859-693-8</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavid_G._McComb2015" class="citation book cs1">David G. McComb (2015). "Railroad Towns: Abilene". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q8EvBgAAQBAJ"><i>The City in Texas: a History</i></a>. University of Texas Press. pp. 133+. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-292-76746-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-292-76746-1"><bdi>978-0-292-76746-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Railroad+Towns%3A+Abilene&rft.btitle=The+City+in+Texas%3A+a+History&rft.pages=133%2B&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-292-76746-1&rft.au=David+G.+McComb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq8EvBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abilene,_Texas&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Abilene#Q128295" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Abilene">Abilene</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Abilene,_Texas" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Abilene, Texas">Abilene, Texas</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/60px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/120px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the 1921 <i><a href="/wiki/Collier%27s_Encyclopedia" title="Collier's Encyclopedia">Collier's Encyclopedia</a></i> article <i><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/Abilene" class="extiw" title="s:Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Abilene">Abilene</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abilenetx.gov/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilenevisitors.com/">Convention & Visitors Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abilene.com/">Abilene.com</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://texashistory.unt.edu/explore/collections/CIT/browse/?q=Abilene&sort=date_a&t=dc_title">"Collections: City Directories: Abilene"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Portal_to_Texas_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal to Texas History">Portal to Texas History</a></i>. University of North Texas Libraries.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portal+to+Texas+History&rft.atitle=Collections%3A+City+Directories%3A+Abilene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexashistory.unt.edu%2Fexplore%2Fcollections%2FCIT%2Fbrowse%2F%3Fq%3DAbilene%26sort%3Ddate_a%26t%3Ddc_title&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access#Free_access" title="Free to read"><img alt="Free access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></a></span></span> (circa 1900s-1950s)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/historic_tex_cities.html">"Historical Maps of Texas Cities: Abilene"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Perry%E2%80%93Casta%C3%B1eda_Library_Map_Collection" title="Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection">Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection</a></i>. University of Texas at Austin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Perry%E2%80%93Casta%C3%B1eda+Library+Map+Collection&rft.atitle=Historical+Maps+of+Texas+Cities%3A+Abilene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmaps.lib.utexas.edu%2Fmaps%2Fhistorical%2Fhistoric_tex_cities.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411223733/http://www.texasarchive.org/library/index.php/Category:Abilene">"Abilene"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Texas_Archive_of_the_Moving_Image" title="Texas Archive of the Moving Image">Texas Archive of the Moving Image</a></i>. Austin, Texas. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.texasarchive.org/library/index.php/Category:Abilene">the original</a> on April 11, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Archive+of+the+Moving+Image&rft.atitle=Abilene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.texasarchive.org%2Flibrary%2Findex.php%2FCategory%3AAbilene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbilene%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dp.la/search?page_size=100&q=Abilene+Texas&utf8=✓">Items related to Abilene, Texas</a>, various dates (via <a href="/wiki/Digital_Public_Library_of_America" title="Digital Public Library of America">Digital Public Library of America</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wtda.alc.org/browse/locations/">"Locations: Taylor County"</a>. <i>West Texas Digital Archives</i> – via <a 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title="Template talk:Jones County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jones_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jones County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Jones_County,_Texas,_United_States474" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Jones_County,_Texas" title="Jones County, Texas"><span class="region">Jones County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Anson,_Texas" title="Anson, Texas"><span>Anson</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abilene</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anson,_Texas" title="Anson, Texas">Anson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamlin,_Texas" title="Hamlin, Texas">Hamlin</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawley,_Texas" title="Hawley, Texas">Hawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lueders,_Texas" title="Lueders, Texas">Lueders</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamford,_Texas" title="Stamford, Texas">Stamford</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Jones County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Jones_County.svg/100px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Jones_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Jones_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Jones_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Jones_County.svg/200px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Jones_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Jones County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area#United_States" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avoca,_Texas" title="Avoca, Texas">Avoca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinth,_Jones_County,_Texas" title="Corinth, Jones County, Texas">Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noodle,_Texas" title="Noodle, Texas">Noodle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nugent,_Texas" title="Nugent, Texas">Nugent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radium,_Texas" title="Radium, Texas">Radium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuxedo,_Texas" title="Tuxedo, Texas">Tuxedo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ghost_town" title="Ghost town">Ghost towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penick,_Texas" title="Penick, Texas">Penick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Taylor_County,_Texas,_United_States485" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Template:Taylor County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Taylor County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Taylor County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Taylor_County,_Texas,_United_States485" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Taylor County, Texas"><span class="region">Taylor County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span>Abilene</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abilene</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscola,_Texas" title="Tuscola, Texas">Tuscola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tye,_Texas" title="Tye, Texas">Tye</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taylor County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Taylor_County.svg/120px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Taylor_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Taylor_County.svg/250px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Taylor_County.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Taylor County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bradshaw,_Texas" title="Bradshaw, Texas">Bradshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Gap,_Texas" title="Buffalo Gap, Texas">Buffalo Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact,_Texas" title="Impact, Texas">Impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawn,_Texas" title="Lawn, Texas">Lawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkel,_Texas" title="Merkel, Texas">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent,_Texas" title="Trent, Texas">Trent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Potosi,_Texas" title="Potosi, Texas">Potosi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area#United_States" title="Unincorporated area">Other<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caps,_Texas" title="Caps, Texas">Caps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/View,_Texas" title="View, Texas">View</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovalo,_Texas" title="Ovalo, Texas">Ovalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wylie,_Taylor_County,_Texas" title="Wylie, Taylor County, Texas">Wylie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Texas413" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas" title="Template:Texas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Texas" title="Template talk:Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Texas413" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Texas-related_articles" title="Index of Texas-related articles">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Texas" title="Outline of Texas">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Texas" title="Architecture of Texas">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Texas" title="Climate of Texas">Climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Texas" title="Climate change in Texas">Climate change</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texan_cuisine" title="Texan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texan_English" title="Texan English">Dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Texas" title="Geography of Texas">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Texas" title="Government of Texas">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Texas" title="Healthcare in Texas">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Texas" title="History of Texas">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Texas" title="Languages of Texas">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Texas" title="Law of Texas">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_literature" title="Texas literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Texas" title="Category:Mass media in Texas">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Texas" title="List of newspapers in Texas">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Texas" title="List of radio stations in Texas">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas" title="List of television stations in Texas">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Texas" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Texas">National Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Texas" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas">National Register of Historic Places Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Recorded_Texas_Historic_Landmarks" title="List of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks">Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Texas" title="Sports in Texas">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_state_symbols" title="List of Texas state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Texas" title="List of people from Texas">Texans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Texas" title="Time in Texas">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Texas" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Texas">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Texas" title="Transportation in Texas">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Texas" title="Abortion in Texas">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Texas" title="Culture of Texas">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Texas" title="Crime in Texas">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Texas" title="Demographics of Texas">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Texas" title="Economy of Texas">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Texas" title="Education in Texas">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Texas" title="Gambling in Texas">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Texas" title="Gun laws in Texas">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Texas">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Texas">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Texas" title="Politics of Texas">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Texas" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark-La-Tex" title="Ark-La-Tex">Ark‑La‑Tex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bend_(Texas)" title="Big Bend (Texas)">Big Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boca_Chica_(Texas)" title="Boca Chica (Texas)">Boca Chica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Blackland_Prairies" title="Texas Blackland Prairies">Blackland Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazos_Valley" title="Brazos Valley">Brazos Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Texas" title="Central Texas">Central Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Coastal_Bend" title="Texas Coastal Bend">Coastal Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concho_Valley" title="Concho Valley">Concho Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Timbers" title="Cross Timbers">Cross Timbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas" title="East Texas">East Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Plateau" title="Edwards Plateau">Edwards Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Triangle_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Triangle (Texas)">Golden Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Hill_Country" title="Texas Hill Country">Hill Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llano_Estacado" title="Llano Estacado">Llano Estacado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Texas" title="Northeast Texas">Northeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Plains" title="Osage Plains">Osage Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_panhandle" title="Texas panhandle">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piney_Woods" title="Piney Woods">Piney Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Rio_Grande_Valley" title="Lower Rio Grande Valley">Rio Grande Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Texas" title="Southeast Texas">Southeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Plains" title="South Plains">South Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Texas" title="South Texas">South Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texoma" title="Texoma">Texoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Pecos" title="Trans-Pecos">Trans-Pecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_metropolitan_areas" title="List of Texas metropolitan areas">Metropolitan<br />areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo,_Texas" title="Amarillo, Texas">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a>–<a href="/wiki/Round_Rock,_Texas" title="Round Rock, Texas">Round Rock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Austin" title="Greater Austin">Greater Austin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Texas" title="Beaumont, Texas">Beaumont</a>–<a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Texas" title="Port Arthur, Texas">Port Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Harlingen,_Texas" title="Harlingen, Texas">Harlingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Station,_Texas" title="College Station, Texas">College Station</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>–<a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>–<a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">DFW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>–<a href="/wiki/The_Woodlands,_Texas" title="The Woodlands, Texas">The Woodlands</a>–<a href="/wiki/Sugar_Land,_Texas" title="Sugar Land, Texas">Sugar Land</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Houston" title="Greater Houston">Greater Houston</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killeen,_Texas" title="Killeen, Texas">Killeen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Temple,_Texas" title="Temple, Texas">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Texas" title="Longview, Texas">Longview</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kilgore,_Texas" title="Kilgore, Texas">Kilgore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McAllen,_Texas" title="McAllen, Texas">McAllen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg</a>–<a href="/wiki/Mission,_Texas" title="Mission, Texas">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa,_Texas" title="Odessa, Texas">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_Braunfels,_Texas" title="New Braunfels, Texas">New Braunfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a>–<a href="/wiki/Denison,_Texas" title="Denison, Texas">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Texas" title="Texarkana, Texas">Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler,_Texas" title="Tyler, Texas">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Creek_(Texas)" title="Wagner Creek (Texas)">Wagner Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">List of counties in Texas</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/21px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/42px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas" title="Portal:Texas">Texas portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Texas49" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas_county_seats" title="Template:Texas county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Texas_county_seats" title="Template talk:Texas county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Texas_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Texas county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Texas49" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_Texas" title="Albany, Texas">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice,_Texas" title="Alice, Texas">Alice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine,_Texas" title="Alpine, Texas">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo,_Texas" title="Amarillo, Texas">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anahuac,_Texas" title="Anahuac, Texas">Anahuac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson,_Texas" title="Anderson, Texas">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrews,_Texas" title="Andrews, Texas">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angleton,_Texas" title="Angleton, Texas">Angleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anson,_Texas" title="Anson, Texas">Anson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer_City,_Texas" title="Archer City, Texas">Archer City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspermont,_Texas" title="Aspermont, Texas">Aspermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athens,_Texas" title="Athens, Texas">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baird,_Texas" title="Baird, Texas">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballinger,_Texas" title="Ballinger, Texas">Ballinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandera,_Texas" title="Bandera, Texas">Bandera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastrop,_Texas" title="Bastrop, Texas">Bastrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Texas" title="Bay City, Texas">Bay City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Texas" title="Beaumont, Texas">Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beeville,_Texas" title="Beeville, Texas">Beeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellville,_Texas" title="Bellville, Texas">Bellville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belton,_Texas" title="Belton, Texas">Belton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin,_Texas" title="Benjamin, Texas">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Lake,_Texas" title="Big Lake, Texas">Big Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Spring,_Texas" title="Big Spring, Texas">Big Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boerne,_Texas" title="Boerne, Texas">Boerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonham,_Texas" title="Bonham, Texas">Bonham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Texas" title="Boston, Texas">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brackettville,_Texas" title="Brackettville, Texas">Brackettville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brady,_Texas" title="Brady, Texas">Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breckenridge,_Texas" title="Breckenridge, Texas">Breckenridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenham,_Texas" title="Brenham, Texas">Brenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownfield,_Texas" title="Brownfield, Texas">Brownfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownwood,_Texas" title="Brownwood, Texas">Brownwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnet,_Texas" title="Burnet, Texas">Burnet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">C</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell,_Texas" title="Caldwell, Texas">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron,_Texas" title="Cameron, Texas">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian,_Texas" title="Canadian, Texas">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Texas" title="Canton, Texas">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyon,_Texas" title="Canyon, Texas">Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrizo_Springs,_Texas" title="Carrizo Springs, Texas">Carrizo Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage,_Texas" title="Carthage, Texas">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center,_Texas" title="Center, Texas">Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centerville,_Texas" title="Centerville, Texas">Centerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channing,_Texas" title="Channing, Texas">Channing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childress,_Texas" title="Childress, Texas">Childress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarendon,_Texas" title="Clarendon, Texas">Clarendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Texas" title="Clarksville, Texas">Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude,_Texas" title="Claude, Texas">Claude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleburne,_Texas" title="Cleburne, Texas">Cleburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coldspring,_Texas" title="Coldspring, Texas">Coldspring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleman,_Texas" title="Coleman, Texas">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_City,_Texas" title="Colorado City, Texas">Colorado City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Texas" title="Columbus, Texas">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche,_Texas" title="Comanche, Texas">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conroe,_Texas" title="Conroe, Texas">Conroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper,_Texas" title="Cooper, Texas">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsicana,_Texas" title="Corsicana, Texas">Corsicana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotulla,_Texas" title="Cotulla, Texas">Cotulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane,_Texas" title="Crane, Texas">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crockett,_Texas" title="Crockett, Texas">Crockett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosbyton,_Texas" title="Crosbyton, Texas">Crosbyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowell,_Texas" title="Crowell, Texas">Crowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas">Crystal City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuero,_Texas" title="Cuero, Texas">Cuero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">D</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daingerfield,_Texas" title="Daingerfield, Texas">Daingerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalhart,_Texas" title="Dalhart, Texas">Dalhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatur,_Texas" title="Decatur, Texas">Decatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Rio,_Texas" title="Del Rio, Texas">Del Rio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickens,_Texas" title="Dickens, Texas">Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimmitt,_Texas" title="Dimmitt, Texas">Dimmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumas,_Texas" title="Dumas, Texas">Dumas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Pass,_Texas" title="Eagle Pass, Texas">Eagle Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastland,_Texas" title="Eastland, Texas">Eastland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edna,_Texas" title="Edna, Texas">Edna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado,_Texas" title="Eldorado, Texas">Eldorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory,_Texas" title="Emory, Texas">Emory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">F</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Texas" title="Fairfield, Texas">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falfurrias,_Texas" title="Falfurrias, Texas">Falfurrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farwell,_Texas" title="Farwell, Texas">Farwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floresville,_Texas" title="Floresville, Texas">Floresville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floydada,_Texas" title="Floydada, Texas">Floydada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Davis,_Texas" title="Fort Davis, Texas">Fort Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Stockton,_Texas" title="Fort Stockton, Texas">Fort Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Texas" title="Franklin, Texas">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fredericksburg,_Texas" title="Fredericksburg, Texas">Fredericksburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gail,_Texas" title="Gail, Texas">Gail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gainesville,_Texas" title="Gainesville, Texas">Gainesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galveston,_Texas" title="Galveston, Texas">Galveston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_City,_Texas" title="Garden City, Texas">Garden City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatesville,_Texas" title="Gatesville, Texas">Gatesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_West,_Texas" title="George West, Texas">George West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Texas" title="Georgetown, Texas">Georgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giddings,_Texas" title="Giddings, Texas">Giddings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilmer,_Texas" title="Gilmer, Texas">Gilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Rose,_Texas" title="Glen Rose, Texas">Glen Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldthwaite,_Texas" title="Goldthwaite, Texas">Goldthwaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliad,_Texas" title="Goliad, Texas">Goliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzales,_Texas" title="Gonzales, Texas">Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham,_Texas" title="Graham, Texas">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granbury,_Texas" title="Granbury, Texas">Granbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenville,_Texas" title="Greenville, Texas">Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groesbeck,_Texas" title="Groesbeck, Texas">Groesbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groveton,_Texas" title="Groveton, Texas">Groveton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guthrie,_Texas" title="Guthrie, Texas">Guthrie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hallettsville,_Texas" title="Hallettsville, Texas">Hallettsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Texas" title="Hamilton, Texas">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell,_Texas" title="Haskell, Texas">Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebbronville,_Texas" title="Hebbronville, Texas">Hebbronville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemphill,_Texas" title="Hemphill, Texas">Hemphill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hempstead,_Texas" title="Hempstead, Texas">Hempstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Texas" title="Henderson, Texas">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta,_Texas" title="Henrietta, Texas">Henrietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereford,_Texas" title="Hereford, Texas">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsboro,_Texas" title="Hillsboro, Texas">Hillsboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hondo,_Texas" title="Hondo, Texas">Hondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Texas" title="Huntsville, Texas">Huntsville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">J</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacksboro,_Texas" title="Jacksboro, Texas">Jacksboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper,_Texas" title="Jasper, Texas">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayton,_Texas" title="Jayton, Texas">Jayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson,_Texas" title="Jefferson, Texas">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_City,_Texas" title="Johnson City, Texas">Johnson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jourdanton,_Texas" title="Jourdanton, Texas">Jourdanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junction,_Texas" title="Junction, Texas">Junction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karnes_City,_Texas" title="Karnes City, Texas">Karnes City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaufman,_Texas" title="Kaufman, Texas">Kaufman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermit,_Texas" title="Kermit, Texas">Kermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerrville,_Texas" title="Kerrville, Texas">Kerrville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Texas" title="Kingsville, Texas">Kingsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kountze,_Texas" title="Kountze, Texas">Kountze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">L</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Grange,_Texas" title="La Grange, Texas">La Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamesa,_Texas" title="Lamesa, Texas">Lamesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampasas,_Texas" title="Lampasas, Texas">Lampasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leakey,_Texas" title="Leakey, Texas">Leakey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levelland,_Texas" title="Levelland, Texas">Levelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty,_Texas" title="Liberty, Texas">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden,_Texas" title="Linden, Texas">Linden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb,_Texas" title="Lipscomb, Texas">Lipscomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littlefield,_Texas" title="Littlefield, Texas">Littlefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Texas" title="Livingston, Texas">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llano,_Texas" title="Llano, Texas">Llano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockhart,_Texas" title="Lockhart, Texas">Lockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Texas" title="Longview, Texas">Longview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufkin,_Texas" title="Lufkin, Texas">Lufkin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">M</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madisonville,_Texas" title="Madisonville, Texas">Madisonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marfa,_Texas" title="Marfa, Texas">Marfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlin,_Texas" title="Marlin, Texas">Marlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Texas" title="Marshall, Texas">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason,_Texas" title="Mason, Texas">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matador,_Texas" title="Matador, Texas">Matador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinney,_Texas" title="McKinney, Texas">McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Texas" title="Memphis, Texas">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menard,_Texas" title="Menard, Texas">Menard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentone,_Texas" title="Mentone, Texas">Mentone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meridian,_Texas" title="Meridian, Texas">Meridian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mertzon,_Texas" title="Mertzon, Texas">Mertzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami,_Texas" title="Miami, Texas">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monahans,_Texas" title="Monahans, Texas">Monahans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague,_Texas" title="Montague, Texas">Montague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton,_Texas" title="Morton, Texas">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Texas" title="Mount Pleasant, Texas">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Texas" title="Mount Vernon, Texas">Mount Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muleshoe,_Texas" title="Muleshoe, Texas">Muleshoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nacogdoches,_Texas" title="Nacogdoches, Texas">Nacogdoches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Braunfels,_Texas" title="New Braunfels, Texas">New Braunfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton,_Texas" title="Newton, Texas">Newton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">O</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odessa,_Texas" title="Odessa, Texas">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange,_Texas" title="Orange, Texas">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozona,_Texas" title="Ozona, Texas">Ozona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">P</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paducah,_Texas" title="Paducah, Texas">Paducah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_Rock,_Texas" title="Paint Rock, Texas">Paint Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine,_Texas" title="Palestine, Texas">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Pinto,_Texas" title="Palo Pinto, Texas">Palo Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampa,_Texas" title="Pampa, Texas">Pampa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhandle,_Texas" title="Panhandle, Texas">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris,_Texas" title="Paris, Texas">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearsall,_Texas" title="Pearsall, Texas">Pearsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecos,_Texas" title="Pecos, Texas">Pecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perryton,_Texas" title="Perryton, Texas">Perryton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburg,_Texas" title="Pittsburg, Texas">Pittsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plains,_Texas" title="Plains, Texas">Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainview,_Texas" title="Plainview, Texas">Plainview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Lavaca,_Texas" title="Port Lavaca, Texas">Port Lavaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post,_Texas" title="Post, Texas">Post</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Q</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quanah,_Texas" title="Quanah, Texas">Quanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quitman,_Texas" title="Quitman, Texas">Quitman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rankin,_Texas" title="Rankin, Texas">Rankin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymondville,_Texas" title="Raymondville, Texas">Raymondville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugio,_Texas" title="Refugio, Texas">Refugio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Texas" title="Richmond, Texas">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_City,_Texas" title="Rio Grande City, Texas">Rio Grande City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lee,_Texas" title="Robert Lee, Texas">Robert Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roby,_Texas" title="Roby, Texas">Roby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockport,_Texas" title="Rockport, Texas">Rockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocksprings,_Texas" title="Rocksprings, Texas">Rocksprings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwall,_Texas" title="Rockwall, Texas">Rockwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusk,_Texas" title="Rusk, Texas">Rusk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Augustine,_Texas" title="San Augustine, Texas">San Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_Texas" title="San Diego, Texas">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marcos,_Texas" title="San Marcos, Texas">San Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Saba,_Texas" title="San Saba, Texas">San Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanderson,_Texas" title="Sanderson, Texas">Sanderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarita,_Texas" title="Sarita, Texas">Sarita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seguin,_Texas" title="Seguin, Texas">Seguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminole,_Texas" title="Seminole, Texas">Seminole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour,_Texas" title="Seymour, Texas">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Blanca,_Texas" title="Sierra Blanca, Texas">Sierra Blanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverton,_Texas" title="Silverton, Texas">Silverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinton,_Texas" title="Sinton, Texas">Sinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snyder,_Texas" title="Snyder, Texas">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonora,_Texas" title="Sonora, Texas">Sonora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearman,_Texas" title="Spearman, Texas">Spearman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanton,_Texas" title="Stanton, Texas">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephenville,_Texas" title="Stephenville, Texas">Stephenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_City,_Texas" title="Sterling City, Texas">Sterling City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stinnett,_Texas" title="Stinnett, Texas">Stinnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford,_Texas" title="Stratford, Texas">Stratford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulphur_Springs,_Texas" title="Sulphur Springs, Texas">Sulphur Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetwater,_Texas" title="Sweetwater, Texas">Sweetwater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">T</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahoka,_Texas" title="Tahoka, Texas">Tahoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throckmorton,_Texas" title="Throckmorton, Texas">Throckmorton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilden,_Texas" title="Tilden, Texas">Tilden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulia,_Texas" title="Tulia, Texas">Tulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler,_Texas" title="Tyler, Texas">Tyler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uvalde,_Texas" title="Uvalde, Texas">Uvalde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">V</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Horn,_Texas" title="Van Horn, Texas">Van Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega,_Texas" title="Vega, Texas">Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon,_Texas" title="Vernon, Texas">Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">W</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxahachie,_Texas" title="Waxahachie, Texas">Waxahachie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford,_Texas" title="Weatherford, Texas">Weatherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington,_Texas" title="Wellington, Texas">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wharton,_Texas" title="Wharton, Texas">Wharton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeler,_Texas" title="Wheeler, Texas">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodville,_Texas" title="Woodville, Texas">Woodville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Z</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd 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id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128295#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1010" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128295#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7558851-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81068025">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007566859305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/d9d1ef49-4d1c-4ab3-8bb0-041e29126fe5">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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