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Humid subtropical climate - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>South Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southeast_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southeast_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Southeast Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southeast_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Western Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Humid subtropical climate</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="مناخ رطب شبه مداري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مناخ رطب شبه مداري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clima_subtropical_h%C3%BAmedu" title="Clima subtropical húmedu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Clima subtropical húmedu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81" title="नम उपोष्ण कटिबंधी जलवायु – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="नम उपोष्ण कटिबंधी जलवायु" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Влажен субтропичен климат – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Влажен субтропичен климат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clima_subtropical_humit" title="Clima subtropical humit – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Clima subtropical humit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlhk%C3%A9_subtropick%C3%A9_podneb%C3%AD" title="Vlhké subtropické podnebí – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vlhké subtropické podnebí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cf-Klimate" title="Cf-Klimate – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cf-Klimate" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CE%B3%CF%81%CF%8C_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Υγρό υποτροπικό κλίμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υγρό υποτροπικό κλίμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clima_subtropical_h%C3%BAmedo" title="Clima subtropical húmedo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Clima subtropical húmedo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A8" title="اقلیم جنب‌حاره‌ای مرطوب – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اقلیم جنب‌حاره‌ای مرطوب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climat_subtropical_humide" title="Climat subtropical humide – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Climat subtropical humide" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A8%EB%82%9C_%EC%8A%B5%EC%9C%A4_%EA%B8%B0%ED%9B%84" title="온난 습윤 기후 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="온난 습윤 기후" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanayin_zafi_mai_zafi" title="Yanayin zafi mai zafi – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Yanayin zafi mai zafi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%87%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A1" title="Մերձարևադարձային մուսսոնային կլիմա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մերձարևադարձային մուսսոնային կլիմա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81" title="आर्द्र अर्ध-कटिबन्धीय जलवायु – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आर्द्र अर्ध-कटिबन्धीय जलवायु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iklim_subtropis_basah" title="Iklim subtropis basah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Iklim subtropis basah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Humid subtropical climate" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clima_subtropicale_umido" title="Clima subtropicale umido – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Clima subtropicale umido" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%91%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%92%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9D" title="אקלים סובטרופי גשום – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אקלים סובטרופי גשום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Муссондық субтропиктік климат – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Муссондық субтропиктік климат" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iklim_subtropika_lembap" title="Iklim subtropika lembap – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Iklim subtropika lembap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vochtig_subtropisch_klimaat" title="Vochtig subtropisch klimaat – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vochtig subtropisch klimaat" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E6%9A%96%E6%B9%BF%E6%BD%A4%E6%B0%97%E5%80%99" title="温暖湿潤気候 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="温暖湿潤気候" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuktig_subtropisk_klima" title="Fuktig subtropisk klima – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fuktig subtropisk klima" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuktig_subtropisk_klima" title="Fuktig subtropisk klima – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fuktig subtropisk klima" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clima_subtropical_umid" title="Clima subtropical umid – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Clima subtropical umid" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clima_subtropical_%C3%BAmido" title="Clima subtropical úmido – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Clima subtropical úmido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climat_subtropical_umed" title="Climat subtropical umed – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Climat subtropical umed" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Субтропический океанический климат – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Субтропический океанический климат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Humid subtropical climate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple 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href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuktigt_subtropiskt_klimat" title="Fuktigt subtropiskt klimat – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fuktigt subtropiskt klimat" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anezwu_adu-mezzay_agrawi" title="Anezwu adu-mezzay agrawi – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Anezwu adu-mezzay agrawi" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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.mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Humid+subtropical+climate%22">"Humid subtropical climate"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Humid+subtropical+climate%22+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Humid+subtropical+climate%22&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Humid+subtropical+climate%22+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Humid+subtropical+climate%22">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Humid+subtropical+climate%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen_World_Map_Cwa_Cfa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Koppen_World_Map_Cwa_Cfa.png/400px-Koppen_World_Map_Cwa_Cfa.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Koppen_World_Map_Cwa_Cfa.png/600px-Koppen_World_Map_Cwa_Cfa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Koppen_World_Map_Cwa_Cfa.png/800px-Koppen_World_Map_Cwa_Cfa.png 2x" data-file-width="4231" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><i>Warm temperate with hot summer climate</i> zones of the world according to a modified Köppen climate classification that uses a threshold of 0&#160;°C (32&#160;°F) for the coldest month. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C6FF4E; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;Humid subtropical climate (Cfa)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#96FF96; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;Monsoon influenced humid subtropical climate (Cwa)</div></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>humid subtropical climate</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">temperate climate</a> type characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">latitudes</a> 25° and 40° and are located poleward from adjacent tropical climates, and equatorward from either <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental</a> (in North America and Asia) or <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climates</a> (in other continents). It is also known as <b>warm temperate climate</b> in some climate classifications.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, <i><b>Cfa</b></i> and <i><b>Cwa</b></i> climates are either described as humid subtropical climates or warm temperate climates. This climate features mean temperature in the coldest month between 0&#160;°C (32&#160;°F) (or −3&#160;°C (27&#160;°F)) and 18&#160;°C (64&#160;°F) and mean temperature in the warmest month 22&#160;°C (72&#160;°F) or higher. However, while some climatologists have opted to describe this climate type as a "humid subtropical climate",<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Köppen himself never used this term. The humid subtropical climate classification was officially created under the <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha climate classification</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> In this classification, climates are termed humid subtropical when they have at least 8 months with a mean temperature above 10&#160;°C (50&#160;°F). </p><p>While many subtropical climates tend to be located at or near coastal locations, in some cases, they extend inland, most notably in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> where they exhibit more pronounced seasonal variations and sharper contrasts between summer and winter, as part of a gradient between the hotter tropical climates of the southern coasts and the colder continental climates to the north and further inland. As such, the climate can be said to exhibit somewhat different features depending on whether it is found inland, or in a maritime position. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fog_in_T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Scene showing fog over a river with people walking on a pathway beside it" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Fog_in_T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc.jpg/220px-Fog_in_T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Fog_in_T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc.jpg/330px-Fog_in_T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Fog_in_T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc.jpg/440px-Fog_in_T%C3%A2y_B%E1%BA%AFc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5999" data-file-height="3999" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">Natural fog</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northwest_(Vietnam)" title="Northwest (Vietnam)">northwest Vietnam</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%BC%93%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/%E6%BC%93%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4.jpg/220px-%E6%BC%93%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/%E6%BC%93%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4.jpg/330px-%E6%BC%93%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/%E6%BC%93%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4.jpg/440px-%E6%BC%93%E6%B1%9F%E5%B1%B1%E6%B0%B4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1003" data-file-height="613" /></a><figcaption>Humid subtropical climate in <a href="/wiki/Li_River" title="Li River">Li River</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In a humid subtropical climate, summers are typically long, hot and humid. A deep current of tropical air dominates the humid subtropics at the time of high sun, and daily intense (but brief) convective thundershowers are common. Monthly mean temperatures in winter may be mild or slightly above freezing.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rainfall often shows a summer peak especially where storms reaching the level of <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoons</a> are well developed, as in Southeast Asia and <a href="/wiki/Monsoon_of_South_Asia" title="Monsoon of South Asia">South Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Other areas have a more uniform or varying rainfall cycles but consistently lack any predictably dry summer months unlike <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climates</a> (which lie at similar latitudes but, in most continents, on opposite coasts). Most summer rainfall occurs during <a href="/wiki/Air-mass_thunderstorm" title="Air-mass thunderstorm">thunderstorms</a> that build up due to the intense surface heating and strong subtropical sun angle. Weak <a href="/wiki/Tropical_low" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical low">tropical lows</a> that move in from adjacent warm tropical oceans, as well as occasional <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclones</a> often contribute to summer seasonal rainfall peaks. Winter rainfall (and occasional snowfall, especially near the poleward margins) is often associated with large storms in the <a href="/wiki/Westerlies" title="Westerlies">westerlies</a> that have fronts that reach down into subtropical latitudes. </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Holdridge_life_zones" title="Holdridge life zones">Holdridge life zones</a> classification, the subtropical climates have a biotemperature between the frost or critical temperature line, 16 to 18&#160;°C (61 to 64&#160;°F) (depending on locations in the world) and 24&#160;°C (75&#160;°F), and these climates are humid (or even perhumid or superhumid) when the <a href="/wiki/Potential_evapotranspiration" title="Potential evapotranspiration">potential evapotranspiration</a> (PET) ratio (= PET / Precipitation) is less than 1.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In the Holdridge classification, the humid subtropical climates of the Koppen system coincide more or less with the subtropical <i>and</i> warm temperate life zones. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breakdown_of_letters">Breakdown of letters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Breakdown of letters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><b>Cfa</b></i>: <i><b>C</b></i> = Mild temperate <i><b>f</b></i> = Fully humid <i><b>a</b></i> = Hot Summer </p><p><i><b>Cwa</b></i>: <i><b>C</b></i> = Mild temperate <i><b>w</b></i> = Dry Winter <i><b>a</b></i> = Hot Summer <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Locations">Locations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; 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left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">24</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.86em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">17</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.16em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">108</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.66em;height:1.38em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.04em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">25</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.16em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.04em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">102</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12em;height:1.38em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.38em; 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float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.68em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.22em;height:1.34em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.56em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">82</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.72em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.26em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.22em;height:1.38em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.6em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">82</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.72em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.4em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.04em;height:1.5em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.54em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">80</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">68</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In Africa, humid subtropical climates are primarily found in the southern part of the continent. The <i>Cwa</i> climate is found over a large portion of the interior of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Middle</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">Eastern African</a> regions. This area includes central <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a>, northeastern <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Niassa_Province" title="Niassa Province">Niassa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manica_Province" title="Manica Province">Manica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tete_Province" title="Tete Province">Tete</a> provinces of <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a>, the southern <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</a> provinces, southwest <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>, and the majority of <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a>. Some lower portions of the <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Highlands" title="Ethiopian Highlands">Ethiopian Highlands</a> also have this climate. </p><p>The climate is also found in the narrow coastal sections of southern and eastern <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, primarily in <a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Cape" title="Eastern Cape">Eastern Cape</a> provinces. South Africa's version of this climate features heavy oceanic influences resulting in generally milder temperatures. This is particularly evident in its winters when temperatures do not drop as low as in many other regions within the humid subtropical category. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="East_Asia">East Asia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: East Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: none; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: none; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.046em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">52</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.18em;height:1.74em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.92em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">56</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.38em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">40</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.49em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.9</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.88em;height:1.92em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.38em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">49</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.756em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5.4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.8em;height:1.78em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.58em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">73</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">57</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.354em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">6.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.6em;height:1.5em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">78</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.1em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.07em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.36em;height:1.48em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.84em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">61</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.16em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">47</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.02em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.7em;height:1.68em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.38em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">53</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.2em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">38</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>, this climate type is found in the southeastern quarter of <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland China</a> from Hong Kong north to Nanjing, the northern half of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, southern and central Japan (<a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shikoku" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a> and half of <a href="/wiki/Honshu" title="Honshu">Honshu</a>), and the most southern regions of Korea (the south and east Central and Southern <a href="/wiki/Gyeongsang_Province" title="Gyeongsang Province">Gyeongsang Province</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeju_island" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeju island">Jeju island</a>). Cities near the equatorward boundary of this zone include <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>; while <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a> - <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a> - <a href="/wiki/Gangneung" title="Gangneung">Gangneung</a> of Korea and <a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a> are near the northern boundary. </p><p>The influence of the strong <a href="/wiki/Siberian_anticyclone" class="mw-redirect" title="Siberian anticyclone">Siberian anticyclone</a> in East Asia brings colder winter temperatures than in the humid subtropical zones in South America, and Australia. The 0&#160;°C (32&#160;°F) isotherm reaches as far south as the valleys of the <a href="/wiki/Yellow_River" title="Yellow River">Yellow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wei_River" title="Wei River">Wei</a> rivers, roughly <a href="/wiki/34th_parallel_north" title="34th parallel north">latitude 34° N</a>. At <a href="/wiki/Hainan_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Hainan Island">Hainan Island</a> and in Taiwan, the climate transitions from subtropical into tropical. In most of this region, the winter monsoon is very well developed, as such eastern Asian humid subtropical zones have a strong winter dry season and heavy summer rainfall. </p><p>Only in inland areas below the Yangtze River and coastal areas between approximately the <a href="/wiki/Huai_River" title="Huai River">Huai River</a> and the beginning of the coast of <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> is there sufficient winter rainfall to produce a <i>Cfa</i> climate; even in these areas, rainfall and <a href="/wiki/Runoff_(water)" class="mw-redirect" title="Runoff (water)">streamflow</a> display a highly pronounced summer peak, unlike other regions of this climate type. <a href="/wiki/Drought" title="Drought">Drought</a> can be severe and often catastrophic to agriculture in the <i>Cwa</i> zone. </p><p>The only area where winter precipitation equals or even exceeds the summer rain is around the <a href="/wiki/San%27in_region" title="San&#39;in region">San'in region</a> at the western coast of Japan, which during winter is on the windward side of the westerlies. The winter precipitation in these regions is usually produced by low-pressure systems off the east coast that develop in the onshore flow from the Siberian high. Summer rainfall comes from the East Asian Monsoon and from frequent <a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">typhoons</a>. Annual rainfall is generally over 1,000 millimetres (39&#160;in), and in areas below the Himalayas can be much higher still. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Asia">South Asia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: South Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="New Delhi, India">New Delhi, India</a> </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.384em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">19</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.5em;height:2.52em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.02em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">104</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.66em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">78</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.612em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:13.54em;height:2.26em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:15.8em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">73</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.18em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">47</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Humid subtropical climates can also be found in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, predominantly in the northern regions. However, the <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Humid subtropical">humid subtropical</a> climates exhibited here typically differ markedly from those in <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a> (and, for that matter, a good portion of the globe). Winters are typically cool to mild (sometimes reaching 0&#160;°C (32&#160;°F)),<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ranging from humid and foggy in December to dry in February. These winters are followed by a mild spring (March-April). Summers tend to be relatively longer and very hot, starting from mid-April and peaking in June, extending up to July with high temperatures often exceeding 40&#160;°C (104&#160;°F). Summers usually begin dry, complete with <a href="/wiki/Dust_storm" title="Dust storm">dust storms</a>, traits typically associated with <a href="/wiki/Arid_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Arid climate">arid</a> or <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid climates</a>, before eventually transforming into a more humid July. This is followed by the cooler but still hot and extremely humid <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a> season (August-September), where the region experiences heavy rains almost daily, with humidity usually above 90%. The autumn season (October-November), which immediately follows the monsoon and precedes winter, usually experiences a pleasant climate. Cities such as <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patna" title="Patna">Patna</a>, among others, exhibit this atypical version of the climate in India. In Pakistan, the cities of <a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sialkot" title="Sialkot">Sialkot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujranwala" title="Gujranwala">Gujranwala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a>, among others, feature this weather pattern. <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a> overlaps between being humid subtropical and <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-arid">semi-arid</a>. The annual precipitation in <a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a> is slightly less than required for this classification. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, cities like <a href="/wiki/Rangpur,_Bangladesh" title="Rangpur, Bangladesh">Rangpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saidpur,_Bangladesh" title="Saidpur, Bangladesh">Saidpur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dinajpur" title="Dinajpur">Dinajpur</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Rangpur_Division" title="Rangpur Division">northern region</a> feature the monsoon variant (<i>Cwa</i>), where rainfall peaks at the monsoon season. Closely resembling the climate patterns of neighboring <a href="/wiki/Northern_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern India">Northern Indian plains</a>, this region shows a distinct three season pattern- relatively dry and very hot summer (March- early June), extremely wet, cooler <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">Monsoon</a> season (June- September), and mild, foggy winter (Late October- February). </p><p>Humid subtropical climates can also be found in <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. However, the Nepalese version of the climate generally does not feature the extreme hot spells that are commonplace for many other South Asian locations with this climate. In Nepal cities such as <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pokhara" title="Pokhara">Pokhara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butwal" title="Butwal">Butwal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Birgunj" title="Birgunj">Birgunj</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biratnagar" title="Biratnagar">Biratnagar</a> feature this iteration of the climate. </p><p>In South Asia, humid subtropical climates generally border on <a href="/wiki/Continental_climates" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental climates">continental climates</a> as altitude increases, or on winter-rainfall climates in western areas of Pakistan and northwestern India (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a> in northwestern Pakistan or <a href="/wiki/Srinagar" title="Srinagar">Srinagar</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Valley" title="Kashmir Valley">Kashmir Valley</a> in India, where the primary precipitation peak occurs in March, not July or August). Further east, in highland areas with lengthier monsoons such as Nepal, seasonal temperature variation is lower than in the lowlands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southeast_Asia">Southeast Asia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Southeast Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, about 90% of the region has a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_climate" title="Tropical climate">tropical climate</a>; but humid subtropical climates can also be seen here, such as in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Vietnam" title="Northern Vietnam">Northern Vietnam</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>). </p><p>Southeast Asian locations with these climates can feature cool temperatures, with lows reaching 10&#160;°C (50&#160;°F) during the months of December, January, and February. Unlike a good portion of East Asian locations with this climate however, most of Southeast Asia seldom experiences snowfall. These areas tend to feature hot and humid summers and cool and wet <a href="/wiki/Winter" title="Winter">winters</a>, with mean temperatures varying between 25 and 30&#160;°C (77 and 86&#160;°F) in summer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Western_Asia">Western Asia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Western Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> <a href="/wiki/Kutaisi" title="Kutaisi">Kutaisi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.12em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">106</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.24em;height:1.3em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.54em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">51</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.2em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">38</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Although humid subtropical climates in Asia are mostly confined to the southeastern quarter of the continent, there are two narrow areas along the coast of the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> with humid subtropical climates. Summers in these locations are cooler than typical humid subtropical climates and snowfall in winter is relatively common, but is usually of a short duration. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">Western Asia</a>, the climate is prevalent in the <a href="/wiki/Gilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilan">Gilan</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81zandar%C4%81n" class="mw-redirect" title="Māzandarān">Māzandarān</a> and <a href="/wiki/Golestan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Golestan Province">Golestan</a> Provinces of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, in parts of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> wedged between the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black</a> seas and coastal (<a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a>) Turkey, albeit having more oceanic influence. </p><p>Annual rainfall ranges from around 600 millimetres (24&#160;in) at <a href="/wiki/Gorgan" title="Gorgan">Gorgan</a> to over 1,830 millimetres (72&#160;in) at <a href="/wiki/Bandar-e_Anzali" title="Bandar-e Anzali">Bandar-e Anzali</a>, and is heavy throughout the year, with a maximum in October or November when Bandar-e Anzali can average 330 millimetres (13&#160;in) in one month. 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Temperatures range from 22&#160;°C (72&#160;°F) in summer to 5&#160;°C (41&#160;°F) in winter and rainfall is even heavier than in Caspian Iran, up to 2,300 millimetres (91&#160;in) per year in <a href="/wiki/Hopa" title="Hopa">Hopa</a> (Turkey). 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">91</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.12em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">74</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.926em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.8</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.78em;height:2.08em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.86em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">94</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.26em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">75</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.092em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.2em;height:2.22em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.42em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">90</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.896em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.22em;height:2.34em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.56em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">73</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.74em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">52</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.7</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.4em;height:2.18em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.58em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">45</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In North America, humid subtropical climates are found in the American Gulf and lower East Coast states, including <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>. On the Florida peninsula, the humid subtropical climate gives way to the <a href="/wiki/Tropical_climate" title="Tropical climate">tropical climate</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Keys" title="Florida Keys">Florida Keys</a>. </p><p>Under Köppen's climate classification, this zone includes locations further north, primarily <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, the lower elevations of <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, southeastern <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, central and southern portions of <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Downstate_New_York" title="Downstate New York">Downstate New York</a>. It can also be found in the lower Midwest, primarily in the central and southern portions of <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> and the southern portions of <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, there are small areas of <i>Cfa</i> and <i>Cwa</i> climates. The climate can be found in small areas scattered around the northeastern part of the country, in proximity to the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a>. Other areas where the climate can be found is in the high elevations of Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and Sierra Madre Oriental. Despite being located at higher elevations, these locations have summers that are too warm to qualify as a subtropical highland climate. <a href="/wiki/Guadalajara" title="Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a>'s climate is a major example of this. </p><p>Outside of isolated sections of Mexico, the southernmost limits of this climate zone in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> lie just north of South Florida and around southern coastal Texas. Cities at the southernmost limits, such as Tampa and Orlando and along the Texas coast around <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a> down toward <a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a> generally feature warm weather year-round and minimal temperature differences between seasons. In contrast, cities at the northernmost limits of the climate zone such as New York, Philadelphia and <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> feature hot, humid summers and chilly winters. These areas have average winter temperatures at the coldest limit of climates classed as humid subtropical. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Snowfall" class="mw-redirect" title="Snowfall">Snowfall</a> varies greatly in this climate zone. In locations at the southern limits of this zone and areas around the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf Coast">Gulf Coast</a>, cities such as <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah</a> rarely see snowfall, which occurs, at most, a few times per generation. In Southern cities farther north or inland, such as <a href="/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta, Georgia">Atlanta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a>, snow only occasionally falls and is usually three inches or less. However, for the majority of the winter here, temperatures remain above or well above freezing.<sup id="cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> At the northernmost limits of this zone, cities such as <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Louisville" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisville">Louisville</a> typically see snowfall during the winter, with occasional heavy snowstorms. Still, average temperatures during a typical winter hover just above freezing at these locations.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Precipitation is plentiful in North America's humid subtropical climate zone – but with significant variations in terms of wettest/driest months and seasons. Much of the <a href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">interior South</a>, including Tennessee, Kentucky, and the northern halves of Mississippi and Alabama, tends to have a winter or spring (not summer) precipitation maximum. Closer to the <a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="South Atlantic">South Atlantic</a> and Gulf coasts, there is a summer maximum, with July or August usually the wettest month – such as in <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mobile,_Alabama" title="Mobile, Alabama">Mobile</a>, New Orleans, and Virginia Beach. A semblance of a monsoon pattern (dry winters/wet summers) is evident along the Atlantic coast from the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a> region and the <a href="/wiki/Outer_Banks" title="Outer Banks">Outer Banks</a> south to Florida. The seasonal monsoon is much stronger on the Florida peninsula, as most locations in Florida have dry winters and wet summers. </p><p>In addition, areas in Texas that are slightly inland from the Gulf of Mexico, such as Austin and San Antonio that border the <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid climate</a> zone, generally see a peak of precipitation in May, a drought-like nadir in mid-summer and a secondary, if not equal, precipitation peak in September or October. Areas further south along <a href="/wiki/South_Texas" title="South Texas">South Texas</a>' Gulf Coast (Brownsville), which closely border <a href="/wiki/Tropical_climate" title="Tropical climate">tropical climate classification</a>, typically have a strong September precipitation maximum, and a tendency toward dry conditions in winter with rain increasing in spring, with December or January often the driest months. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_America">South America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">83</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.18em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">65</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Humid subtropical climates are found in a sizable portion of South America. 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At <a href="/wiki/38th_parallel_south" title="38th parallel south">38°S</a>, the Argentine city of <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%ADa_Blanca" title="Bahía Blanca">Bahía Blanca</a> lies on the southern limit of the humid subtropical zone. </p><p>The <i>Cwa</i> climate occurs in parts of tropical highlands of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_(state)" title="São Paulo (state)">São Paulo state</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mato_Grosso_do_Sul" title="Mato Grosso do Sul">Mato Grosso do Sul</a> and near the <a href="/wiki/Andean_highland" class="mw-redirect" title="Andean highland">Andean highland</a> in northwestern <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>. These highland areas feature summer temperatures that are warm enough to fall outside the <a href="/wiki/Subtropical_highland_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical highland climate">subtropical highland climate</a> category. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: none; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: none; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.08em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">154</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.2em;height:1.8em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">30</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">21</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.22em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">161</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.2em;height:1.8em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14em; 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left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">27</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.7em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">16</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.98em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">99</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.8em;height:1.8em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.6em; 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left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">29</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.5em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">20</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: none; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.08em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">6.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.2em;height:1.8em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">86</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.22em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">6.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.2em;height:1.8em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">86</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.7em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">70</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.78em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12em;height:1.8em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">84</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">68</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.82em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.6</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.4em;height:2em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.4em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">82</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">66</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.6em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">5.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12em;height:1.8em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">84</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">68</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The humid subtropical climate zone predominantly lies in eastern Australia, which begins from the coastal strip of <a href="/wiki/Mackay,_Queensland" title="Mackay, Queensland">Mackay, Queensland</a> and stretches down the coast to just south of <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, where it transitions into the cooler, oceanic climates.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>From <a href="/wiki/Newcastle,_New_South_Wales" title="Newcastle, New South Wales">Newcastle</a>, approximately 200 kilometres (120&#160;mi) northeast of Sydney, the <i>Cfa</i> zone would extend to inland <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a>, excluding the highland regions (which have an oceanic climate), stretching towards <a href="/wiki/Dubbo" title="Dubbo">Dubbo</a> to the northwest and <a href="/wiki/Wagga_Wagga" title="Wagga Wagga">Wagga Wagga</a> to the south, ending at the <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a>/<a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a> border (<a href="/wiki/Albury-Wodonga" class="mw-redirect" title="Albury-Wodonga">Albury-Wodonga</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-SpechtRundel2012_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SpechtRundel2012-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> To note, these places would have characteristics of the semi-arid and/or Mediterranean climates. Furthermore, the inland <i>Cfa</i> climates generally have drier summers, or at least summers with low humidity.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Extreme heat is more often experienced in Sydney than in other large cities in Australia's <i>Cfa</i> zone, especially in the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Western_Sydney" title="Greater Western Sydney">western suburbs</a>, where highs over 40&#160;°C (104&#160;°F) are not uncommon. Frost is prevalent in the more inland areas of Sydney, such as <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_New_South_Wales" title="Richmond, New South Wales">Richmond</a>. Average annual rainfall in the Sydney region ranges between 800 and 1,200 millimetres (31 and 47&#160;in).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is usually a distinct summer rainfall maximum that becomes more pronounced moving northwards. In Brisbane, the wettest month (February) receives five times the rainfall of the driest month (September). Temperatures are very warm to hot but are not excessive: the average maximum in February is usually around 29&#160;°C (84&#160;°F) and in July around 21&#160;°C (70&#160;°F). Frosts are extremely rare except at higher elevations, but temperatures over 35&#160;°C (95&#160;°F) are not common on the coast. </p><p>North of the <i>Cfa</i> climate zone there is a zone centred upon <a href="/wiki/Rockhampton" title="Rockhampton">Rockhampton</a> which extends north to the Köppen <i>Cwa</i> classified climate zone of the Atherton Tablelands region. This region has a very pronounced dry winter period, with often negligible rainfall between June and October. Winter temperatures generally only fall slightly below 18&#160;°C (64&#160;°F), which would classify the region as a tropical savanna, or <i>Aw</i>, climate. </p><p>Annual rainfall within Australia's humid subtropical climate zone can reach as high as 2,000 millimetres (79&#160;in) in coastal locations and is generally 1,000 millimetres (39&#160;in) or above. The most intense 2-3 day rainfall periods that occur in this coastal zone however are the outcome of <a href="/wiki/Australian_east_coast_low" title="Australian east coast low">east coast lows</a> forming to the north of a <a href="/wiki/Anticyclone" title="Anticyclone">large high pressure system</a>, there can be great variation in rainfall amounts from year to year as a result of these systems. As an example <a href="/wiki/Lismore,_New_South_Wales" title="Lismore, New South Wales">Lismore</a> which lies in the centre of this zone, the annual rainfall can range from less than 550 millimetres (22&#160;in) in 1915 to more than 2,780 millimetres (109&#160;in) in 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">58</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.76em;height:0.76em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.52em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.26em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.138em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">57</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.86em;height:0.94em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8em; 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left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">18</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.04em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">13</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.148em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">107</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.62em;height:0.84em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.46em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">12</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.12em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">8</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.77em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">89</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.8em;height:0.96em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.76em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">9</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><span style="font-size:80%">4</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: none; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.76em;height:0.76em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.52em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">46</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.26em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">39</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.138em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.86em;height:0.94em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">48</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.36em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">40</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.268em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.5</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.32em;height:1.12em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.44em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">54</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.82em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">44</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.656em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10em;height:1.3em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">62</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">50</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.684em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">3.3</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.9em;height:1.42em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.32em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">71</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.4em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">58</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.008em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.56em;height:1.44em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">77</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.06em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.242em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">2.4</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:12.06em;height:1.52em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.58em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">82</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.58em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">69</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.068em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.1</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:11.36em;height:1.3em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.66em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">64</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.04em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">55</span></div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.148em;overflow:hidden">&#160;</div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:70%">4.2</span></div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0">&#160;</div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.62em;height:0.84em;">&#160;</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.46em; 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left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">48</span></div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:80%">39</span></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: red; background-color: red">█</span> Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><span style="color: #aaccee; background-color: #aaccee">█</span> Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As the continent does not have a large ocean to its east as the case in many other continents within the climate zone, humid subtropical climates in Europe are limited to relatively small areas on the margins of the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins. <i>Cfa</i> zones are generally transitional between the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a> zones along the coast and oceanic and humid continental zones to the west and north where rainfall in the warmer months is too high for a Mediterranean classification, while temperatures (either in the summer and/or winter) are too warm to qualify as oceanic or humid continental. Summer humidity is generally not as high here as in other continents within this climatic zone. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Po_Valley" title="Po Valley">Po Valley</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a>, including major cities such as <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a>, has a humid subtropical climate, featuring hot, humid summers with frequent thunderstorms; winters are foggy, damp and chilly, with sudden bursts of frost. Places along the shores of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Maggiore" title="Lake Maggiore">Lake Maggiore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Lugano" title="Lake Lugano">Lake Lugano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Como" title="Lake Como">Lake Como</a> (<a href="/wiki/Como" title="Como">Como</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verbania" title="Verbania">Verbania</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lugano" title="Lugano">Lugano</a> and <a href="/wiki/Locarno" title="Locarno">Locarno</a> in <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>) have a humid subtropical climate with a distinctively high amount of rainfall during summer. In France, the climate is found in parts of the <a href="/wiki/Garonne" title="Garonne">Garonne Valley</a> (city of <a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a>) and in the <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhône Valley">Rhône Valley</a>, including the cities of <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Valence_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Valence (city)">Valence</a>. Due to climate change, some cities on the Balkan peninsula and in the <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Basin" title="Pannonian Basin">Pannonian Basin</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a> and <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> are now just warm enough to be categorized as such. At <a href="/wiki/48th_parallel_north" title="48th parallel north">48°N</a>, the urban core of <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, lie on the northern limit of the humid subtropical zone. </p><p>The coastal areas in the northern half of the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a> also fall within this climate zone. The cities include <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rimini" title="Rimini">Rimini</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a> in <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koper" title="Koper">Koper</a> in <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kotor" title="Kotor">Kotor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>. Other Southern European areas in the <i>Cfa</i> zone include the central valleys and coast of <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> of <a href="/wiki/Girona" title="Girona">Girona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, some on the north-east of Spain (<a href="/wiki/Huesca" title="Huesca">Huesca</a>), <a href="/wiki/West_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="West Macedonia">West Macedonia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kozani" title="Kozani">Kozani</a>). </p><p>Along the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> coast of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a>), coast of <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba" title="Constanța">Constanța</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mamaia" title="Mamaia">Mamaia</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sochi,_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sochi, Russia">Sochi, Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, have summers too warm (&gt;22&#160;°C (72&#160;°F) mean temperature in the warmest month) to qualify as oceanic, no freezing month, and enough summer precipitation and sometimes humid conditions, where they would be fit to be classed under <i>Cfa</i>, though they closely border the <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental</a> zone due to colder winters. All these areas are subject to occasional, in some cases repeated snowfalls and freezes during winter. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>, a small area of humid subtropical climates are located in transitional areas between the oceanic and continental climates in areas where higher summer temperatures do not quite qualify it for inclusion in the Oceanic climate schema and mild winters do not allow their inclusion into continental climates. Average summer temperatures in areas of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> with this climate are generally not as hot as most other subtropical zones around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Urban examples include <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Innere_Stadt" title="Innere Stadt">Innere Stadt</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>, some islands have this climate, with very mild and rainy winters (&gt;13&#160;°C (55&#160;°F)) and no snowfall, warm summers (&gt;21&#160;°C (70&#160;°F)) but with no dry season during the warmest period, which means that they can neither be classified as <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic</a>, nor as <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean</a>, only as humid subtropical, as with <a href="/wiki/Corvo_Island" title="Corvo Island">Corvo Island</a>. </p><p>In many other climate classification systems outside of the Köppen, most of these locations would not be included in the humid subtropical grouping. The higher summer precipitation and poleward flow of tropical air-masses in summer are not present in Europe as they are in eastern Australia or the southern United States. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subtropics" title="Subtropics">Subtropics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subtropical_ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical ridge">Subtropical ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_locations_with_a_subtropical_climate" title="List of locations with a subtropical climate">List of locations with a subtropical climate</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humid_subtropical_climate&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/humid-subtropical-climate">"humid subtropical climate | climatology | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Current+Results&amp;rft.atitle=Average+Annual+Snowfall+Totals+in+Maryland&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.currentresults.com%2FWeather%2FMaryland%2Fannual-snowfall.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHumid+subtropical+climate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_040214.shtml">"Brisbane Regional Office"</a>. <i>Climate statistics for Australian locations</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1971). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/climatesofaustra0013unse">"Climates of Australia and New Zealand"</a></span>. <i>World Survey of Climatology</i>. <b>13</b>. Amsterdam: Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-444-40827-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-444-40827-3"><bdi>978-0-444-40827-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=World+Survey+of+Climatology&amp;rft.atitle=Climates+of+Australia+and+New+Zealand&amp;rft.volume=13&amp;rft.date=1971&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-444-40827-3&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fclimatesofaustra0013unse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHumid+subtropical+climate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SpechtRundel2012-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SpechtRundel2012_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR.L._SpechtPhilip_RundelW.E._WestmanP.C._Catling2012" class="citation book cs1">R.L. 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Climate_types_under_the_Köppen_climate_classification" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cceeff"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:K%C3%B6ppen" title="Template:Köppen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:K%C3%B6ppen" title="Template talk:Köppen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:K%C3%B6ppen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Köppen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Climate_types_under_the_Köppen_climate_classification" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">Climate</a> types under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cceeff;"><a href="/wiki/Tropical_climate" title="Tropical climate">Class A</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_climate" title="Tropical rainforest climate">Tropical rainforest <i>(Af)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_monsoon_climate" title="Tropical monsoon climate">Tropical monsoon <i>(Am)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climate" title="Tropical savanna climate">Tropical savanna <i>(Aw, As)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cceeff;">Class B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desert_climate" title="Desert climate">Desert<i> (BWh, BWk)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">Semi-arid <i>(BSh, BSk)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cceeff;"><a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">Class C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Humid subtropical <i>(Cfa, Cwa)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">Oceanic <i>(Cfb, Cwb, Cfc, Cwc)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean <i>(Csa, Csb, Csc)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cceeff;"><a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">Class D</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">Humid continental <i>(Dfa, Dwa, Dsa, Dfb, Dwb, Dsb)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarctic_climate" title="Subarctic climate">Subarctic <i>(Dfc, Dwc, Dsc, Dfd, Dwd, Dsd)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cceeff;"><a href="/wiki/Polar_climate" title="Polar climate">Class E</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tundra_climate" title="Tundra climate">Tundra <i>(ET)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_cap_climate" title="Ice cap climate">Ice cap <i>(EF)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_climate" title="Alpine climate">Alpine <i>(ET, EF)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐74f675c4bb‐x7ntb Cached time: 20241129121512 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.823 seconds Real time usage: 0.944 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 13176/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 805815/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 17999/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 112321/5000000 bytes 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