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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Linda Zagzebski</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%B2%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="لیندا ترینکاس زاگزبسکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیندا ترینکاس زاگزبسکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B6%E3%82%B0%E3%82%BC%E3%83%96%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD" title="リンダ・トリンカウス・ザグゼブスキ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リンダ・トリンカウス・ザグゼブスキ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda_Trinkaus_Zagzebski" title="Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda_Zagzebski" title="Linda Zagzebski – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Linda Zagzebski" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4356374#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Linda Zagzebski</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Linda Trinkaus</div><br />1946 (age 77–78)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Ken Zagzebski<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016124_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016124-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic background</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Natural Kinds</i> (1979)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral advisor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Burge" title="Tyler Burge">Tyler Burge</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016125_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016125-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Influences</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">John Henry Newman</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic work</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discipline</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">Philosophy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sub-discipline</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">Epistemology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics">ethics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" title="Philosophy of religion">philosophy of religion</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">School or tradition</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Virtue_epistemology" title="Virtue epistemology">Virtue epistemology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyola_Marymount_University" title="Loyola Marymount University">Loyola Marymount University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma" title="University of Oklahoma">University of Oklahoma</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski</b> (born 1946) is an American <a href="/wiki/Philosopher" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosopher">philosopher</a>. She is the Emerita George Lynn Cross Research Professor, as well as Emerita Kingfisher College Chair of the Philosophy of Religion and Ethics, at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma" title="University of Oklahoma">University of Oklahoma</a>. She writes in the areas of <a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">epistemology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" title="Philosophy of religion">philosophy of religion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Virtue_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtue theory">virtue theory</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zagzebski received her <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> degree from <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, her <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">Master of Arts</a> degree from <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, and her <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Doctor of Philosophy</a> degree from <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a> in 1979 with a dissertation on "Natural Kinds" under the supervision of <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Burge" title="Tyler Burge">Tyler Burge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ou.edu_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ou.edu-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She taught at <a href="/wiki/Loyola_Marymount_University" title="Loyola Marymount University">Loyola Marymount University</a> from 1979 to 1999, before joining the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oklahoma" title="University of Oklahoma">University of Oklahoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ou.edu_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ou.edu-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She delivered the Wilde Lectures in Natural Religion at <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a> in the spring of 2010 on epistemic authority. She was (2015–2016) president of the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Association" title="American Philosophical Association">American Philosophical Association</a> Central Division, and gave the <a href="/wiki/Gifford_Lectures" title="Gifford Lectures">Gifford Lectures</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St. Andrews</a> in the fall of 2015 on the topic of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Exemplarist_virtue_theory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exemplarist virtue theory (page does not exist)">exemplarist virtue theory</a>. She is past president of the <a href="/wiki/American_Catholic_Philosophical_Association" title="American Catholic Philosophical Association">American Catholic Philosophical Association</a> (1997–1998), and past president of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Christian_Philosophers" title="Society of Christian Philosophers">Society of Christian Philosophers</a> (2004–2007).<sup id="cite_ref-Archived_copy_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Archived_copy-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, she was elected a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_%26_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="American Academy of Arts & Sciences">American Academy of Arts & Sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophical_work">Philosophical work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Philosophical work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Her research in recent years has consisted of topics such as the intersection of <a href="/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics">ethics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">epistemology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religious_epistemology" title="Religious epistemology">religious epistemology</a>, religious ethics, virtue theory, and the varieties of <a href="/wiki/Fatalism" title="Fatalism">fatalism</a>. She delivered the Wilde Lectures in Natural Religion at <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a> in the spring of 2010 on epistemic authority. She is (2015–2016) president of the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Association" title="American Philosophical Association">American Philosophical Association</a> Central Division, and gave the <a href="/wiki/Gifford_Lectures" title="Gifford Lectures">Gifford Lectures</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St. Andrews</a> in the fall of 2015 on the topic of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Exemplarist_virtue_theory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exemplarist virtue theory (page does not exist)">exemplarist virtue theory</a>. She is past president of the <a href="/wiki/American_Catholic_Philosophical_Association" title="American Catholic Philosophical Association">American Catholic Philosophical Association</a> (1997–1998), and past president of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Christian_Philosophers" title="Society of Christian Philosophers">Society of Christian Philosophers</a> (2004–2007).<sup id="cite_ref-Archived_copy_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Archived_copy-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epistemology">Epistemology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Epistemology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zagzebski is a pioneer in the field of <a href="/wiki/Virtue_epistemology" title="Virtue epistemology">virtue epistemology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETurriAlfanoGreco2019_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETurriAlfanoGreco2019-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i>Virtues of the Mind</i> (1996), she sets out to solve certain problems in modern epistemology by developing an <a href="/wiki/Aristotelianism" title="Aristotelianism">Aristotelian</a> version of <a href="/wiki/Virtue_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtue theory">virtue theory</a>, and in the course of this project she lays out a general analysis of virtue. In <i>Divine Motivation Theory</i> (2004) she deals extensively with problems in the relationship between reason, faith, and ethics. </p><p>She has done work on questions of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epistemic_value&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epistemic value (page does not exist)">epistemic value</a> including the "espresso machine" thought experiment (a predecessor to the <a href="/wiki/Swamping_problem" title="Swamping problem">swamping problem</a>) as a counter to <a href="/wiki/Reliabilism" title="Reliabilism">reliabilism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPritchard2007PritchardTurriCarter2018_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPritchard2007PritchardTurriCarter2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In her book, <i>Epistemic Authority: A Theory of Trust, Authority, and Autonomy in Belief</i> (2012), she defends a strong sense of epistemic authority including authority in moral and religious beliefs, and argues that belief on authority is a requirement of intellectual autonomy. This book arose out of her 2010 Wilde lectures at Oxford. </p><p>In the paper titled <i>The Inescapability of Gettier Problems</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Zagzebski_1994_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zagzebski_1994-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zagzebski argued that any modification of the last condition given in the <a href="/wiki/Gettier_problem#Knowledge_as_justified_true_belief_(JTB)" title="Gettier problem">Plato's definition of knowledge</a> as justified true belief (JTB) unavoidably shall be reconducted to the unsolved case of the Gettier problem. This result is also true and valuable for any additional condition applied to the JTB.<sup id="cite_ref-Zagzebski_1994_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zagzebski_1994-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996, Zagzebski defined knowledge as a "state of true belief arising out of acts of intellectual virtue", where the word 'true' can be omitted.<sup id="cite_ref-Zagzebski_1996_135,271_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zagzebski_1996_135,271-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the Aristotelian <a href="/wiki/Virtue_theory#Phronesis_and_Eudaimonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtue theory">virtue theory</a>, she defined virtue as a "deep and enduring acquired excellence of a person, involving a characteristic motivation to produce a certain desired end and reliable success in bringing about that end."<sup id="cite_ref-Zagzebski_1996_135,271_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zagzebski_1996_135,271-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denying <a href="/wiki/Innatism" title="Innatism">innatism</a>, she believes virtue is disposition plus ability<sup id="cite_ref-zhang.me_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zhang.me-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the universal human capability of achieving a good life and happiness.<sup id="cite_ref-khazaei_2013_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khazaei_2013-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moral and intellectual virtues can't be separated<sup id="cite_ref-khazaei_2013_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khazaei_2013-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, more particularly, knowledge is obtained from practicing intellectual virtues like responsibility, fairness, and courage.<sup id="cite_ref-zhang.me_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zhang.me-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> True belief -in the forms of propositional knowledge and of cognitive contact with reality- are gained by a right disposition of the intellect to desire truth, and a good practice which sews the intellectual virtues on the personhood, like a new habit of the body.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People who are rightly motivated to know the truth are also capable to develop specific skills, build up and assess the reliability of personal and well-formed procedures, rather than doing the same for good belief-forming processes shared between peers.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_works">Selected works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Selected works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski1991" class="citation book cs1"><i>The Dilemma of Freedom and Foreknowledge</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. 1991. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-510763-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-510763-0"><bdi>978-0-19-510763-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dilemma+of+Freedom+and+Foreknowledge&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-19-510763-0&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda+Trinkaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski1996" class="citation book cs1"><i>Virtues of the Mind: An Inquiry into the Nature of Virtue and the Ethical Foundations of Knowledge</i>. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 1996. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9781139174763">10.1017/CBO9781139174763</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-57826-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-57826-4"><bdi>978-0-521-57826-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Virtues+of+the+Mind%3A+An+Inquiry+into+the+Nature+of+Virtue+and+the+Ethical+Foundations+of+Knowledge&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+England&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9781139174763&rft.isbn=978-0-521-57826-4&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda+Trinkaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Virtue Epistemology: Essays on Epistemic Virtue and Responsibility</i>. Edited with Fairweather, Abrol. New York: Oxford University Press. 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514077-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514077-4">978-0-19-514077-4</a>.</li> <li><i>Intellectual Virtue: Perspectives from Ethics and Epistemology</i>. Edited with DePaul, Michael. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199252732.001.0001">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199252732.001.0001</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-925273-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-925273-2">978-0-19-925273-2</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski2004" class="citation book cs1"><i>Divine Motivation Theory</i>. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511606823">10.1017/CBO9780511606823</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-53576-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-53576-2"><bdi>978-0-521-53576-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Divine+Motivation+Theory&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+England&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511606823&rft.isbn=978-0-521-53576-2&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda+Trinkaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski2007" class="citation book cs1"><i>Philosophy of Religion: An Historical Introduction</i>. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing. 2007. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-1872-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-1872-9"><bdi>978-1-4051-1872-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophy+of+Religion%3A+An+Historical+Introduction&rft.place=Malden%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-1872-9&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda+Trinkaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski2008" class="citation book cs1"><i>On Epistemology</i>. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Press. 2008. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-534-25234-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-534-25234-2"><bdi>978-0-534-25234-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Epistemology&rft.place=Belmont%2C+California&rft.pub=Wadsworth+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-534-25234-2&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda+Trinkaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski2012" class="citation book cs1"><i>Epistemic Authority: A Theory of Trust, Authority, and Autonomy in Belief</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. 2012. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199936472.001.0001">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199936472.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-993647-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-993647-2"><bdi>978-0-19-993647-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Epistemic+Authority%3A+A+Theory+of+Trust%2C+Authority%2C+and+Autonomy+in+Belief&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199936472.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-993647-2&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda+Trinkaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski2017" class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/Exemplarist_Moral_Theory" title="Exemplarist Moral Theory">Exemplarist Moral Theory</a></i>. New York: Oxford University Press. 2017. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780190655846.001.0001">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190655846.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-065584-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-065584-6"><bdi>978-0-19-065584-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exemplarist+Moral+Theory&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780190655846.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-065584-6&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda+Trinkaus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_philosophy" title="American philosophy">American philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_philosophers" title="List of American philosophers">List of American philosophers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016125-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016125_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZagzebski2016">Zagzebski 2016</a>, p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016124-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZagzebski2016124_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZagzebski2016">Zagzebski 2016</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ou.edu-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ou.edu_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ou.edu_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ou.edu/cas/philosophy/people/faculty/linda-zagzebski/_jcr_content/contentpar/download/file.res/vita2021.pdf">Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski CV</a> ou.edu</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Archived_copy-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Archived_copy_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Archived_copy_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090721034218/http://faculty-staff.ou.edu/Z/Linda.T.Zagzebski-1/">"University of Oklahoma"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faculty-staff.ou.edu/Z/Linda.T.Zagzebski-1/">the original</a> on July 21, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Oklahoma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaculty-staff.ou.edu%2FZ%2FLinda.T.Zagzebski-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amacad.org/new-members-2022">"New Members"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Members&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fnew-members-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETurriAlfanoGreco2019-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETurriAlfanoGreco2019_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTurriAlfanoGreco2019">Turri, Alfano & Greco 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPritchard2007PritchardTurriCarter2018-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPritchard2007PritchardTurriCarter2018_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPritchard2007">Pritchard 2007</a>; <a href="#CITEREFPritchardTurriCarter2018">Pritchard, Turri & Carter 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zagzebski_1994-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zagzebski_1994_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zagzebski_1994_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski1994" class="citation journal cs1">Zagzebski, Linda (January 1, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/pq/article-abstract/44/174/65/1563539?redirectedFrom=PDF">"The Inescapability of Gettier Problems"</a>. <i>The Philosophical Quarterly</i>. <b>44</b> (174). Oxford University Press: 65–73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2220147">10.2307/2220147</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0031-8094">0031-8094</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2220147">2220147</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/5497630095">5497630095</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170535616">170535616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philosophical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Inescapability+of+Gettier+Problems&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=174&rft.pages=65-73&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2220147%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2220147&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5497630095&rft.issn=0031-8094&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A170535616%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fpq%2Farticle-abstract%2F44%2F174%2F65%2F1563539%3FredirectedFrom%3DPDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zagzebski_1996_135,271-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zagzebski_1996_135,271_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zagzebski_1996_135,271_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrinkaus_Zagzebski1996" class="citation book cs1">Trinkaus Zagzebski, Linda (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w-YC4foOSBwC&pg=PA271"><i>Virtues of the mind : an inquiry into the nature of virtue and the ethical foundations of knowledge</i></a>. Cambridge studies in philosophy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. pp. 271, 137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521578264" title="Special:BookSources/9780521578264"><bdi>9780521578264</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/33899952">33899952</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Virtues+of+the+mind+%3A+an+inquiry+into+the+nature+of+virtue+and+the+ethical+foundations+of+knowledge&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.series=Cambridge+studies+in+philosophy&rft.pages=271%2C+137&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F33899952&rft.isbn=9780521578264&rft.aulast=Trinkaus+Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw-YC4foOSBwC%26pg%3DPA271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJetli2008" class="citation journal cs1">Jetli, Priyedarshi (August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philpapers.org/rec/JETKWT">"Knowledge without Truth"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the XXII World Congress of Philosophy</i>. <b>53</b>. Seoul: 97–103. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7006655335">7006655335</a> – via researchgate.net].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+XXII+World+Congress+of+Philosophy&rft.atitle=Knowledge+without+Truth&rft.volume=53&rft.pages=97-103&rft.date=2008-08&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7006655335&rft.aulast=Jetli&rft.aufirst=Priyedarshi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphilpapers.org%2Frec%2FJETKWT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zhang.me-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zhang.me_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zhang.me_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anthony-zhang.me/University-Notes/PHIL350/PHIL350.html">"Lecture notes by Anthony Zhang"</a>. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20151127165228/https://anthony-zhang.me/University-Notes/PHIL350/PHIL350.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 27, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lecture+notes+by+Anthony+Zhang&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanthony-zhang.me%2FUniversity-Notes%2FPHIL350%2FPHIL350.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-khazaei_2013-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-khazaei_2013_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-khazaei_2013_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFzahra_khazaei2013" class="citation journal cs1">zahra khazaei (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/19334361">"Epistemic Virtue from the Viewpoints of Mulla Sadra and Zagzebski"</a>. <i>Religious Inquiries</i>. <b>2</b> (4): 24, 37<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Religious+Inquiries&rft.atitle=Epistemic+Virtue+from+the+Viewpoints+of+Mulla+Sadra+and+Zagzebski&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=24%2C+37&rft.date=2013&rft.au=zahra+khazaei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F19334361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2016" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Dru (February 18, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2-UfEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA251"><i>Knowledge by Ritual: A Biblical Prolegomenon to Sacramental Theology</i></a>. Journal of Theological Interpretation Supplements. Vol. 13. Penn State Press. p. 271. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781575064321" title="Special:BookSources/9781575064321"><bdi>9781575064321</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/928023842">928023842</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Knowledge+by+Ritual%3A+A+Biblical+Prolegomenon+to+Sacramental+Theology&rft.series=Journal+of+Theological+Interpretation+Supplements&rft.pages=271&rft.pub=Penn+State+Press&rft.date=2016-02-18&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F928023842&rft.isbn=9781575064321&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Dru&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2-UfEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChun_Wei_Choo2016" class="citation book cs1">Chun Wei Choo (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l-3nCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA96">"5 - Epistemic virtues and vices"</a>. <i>The Inquiring Organization: How Organizations Acquire Knowledge and Seek Information</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 96. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199782031" title="Special:BookSources/9780199782031"><bdi>9780199782031</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/988102850">988102850</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=5+-+Epistemic+virtues+and+vices&rft.btitle=The+Inquiring+Organization%3A+How+Organizations+Acquire+Knowledge+and+Seek+Information&rft.pages=96&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F988102850&rft.isbn=9780199782031&rft.au=Chun+Wei+Choo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl-3nCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPritchard2007" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Duncan_Pritchard" title="Duncan Pritchard">Pritchard, Duncan</a> (2007). "Recent Work on Epistemic Value". <i>American Philosophical Quarterly</i>. <b>44</b> (2): 85–110. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2152-1123">2152-1123</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20464361">20464361</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Philosophical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Recent+Work+on+Epistemic+Value&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=85-110&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20464361%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=2152-1123&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPritchardTurriCarter2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Duncan_Pritchard" title="Duncan Pritchard">Pritchard, Duncan</a>; Turri, John; Carter, J. Adam (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2018/entries/knowledge-value/">"The Value of Knowledge"</a>. <i>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i> (spring 2018 ed.). Stanford, California: Stanford University. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1095-5054">1095-5054</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Value+of+Knowledge&rft.btitle=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.place=Stanford%2C+California&rft.edition=spring+2018&rft.pub=Stanford+University&rft.date=2018&rft.issn=1095-5054&rft.aulast=Pritchard&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rft.au=Turri%2C+John&rft.au=Carter%2C+J.+Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Fspr2018%2Fentries%2Fknowledge-value%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurriAlfanoGreco2019" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Turri, John; Alfano, Mark; <a href="/wiki/John_Greco_(philosopher)" title="John Greco (philosopher)">Greco, John</a> (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2019/entries/epistemology-virtue/"><i>Virtue Epistemology</i></a> (fall 2019 ed.). Stanford, California: Stanford University. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1095-5054">1095-5054</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Virtue+Epistemology&rft.place=Stanford%2C+California&rft.edition=fall+2019&rft.pub=Stanford+University&rft.date=2019&rft.issn=1095-5054&rft.aulast=Turri&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Alfano%2C+Mark&rft.au=Greco%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Ffall2019%2Fentries%2Fepistemology-virtue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski2016" class="citation journal cs1">Zagzebski, Linda (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/reader/215293668">"The Joys and Sorrows of a Philosophical Life"</a>. <i>Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association</i>. <b>90</b>: 114–128. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2325-9248">2325-9248</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26622941">26622941</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+and+Addresses+of+the+American+Philosophical+Association&rft.atitle=The+Joys+and+Sorrows+of+a+Philosophical+Life&rft.volume=90&rft.pages=114-128&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26622941%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=2325-9248&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Freader%2F215293668&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linda_Zagzebski&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagzebski2001" class="citation journal cs1">Zagzebski, Linda (2001). "Religious Diversity and Social Responsibility". <i>Logos</i>. <b>4</b> (1): 135–155. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Flog.2001.0012">10.1353/log.2001.0012</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1533-791X">1533-791X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170404567">170404567</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Logos&rft.atitle=Religious+Diversity+and+Social+Responsibility&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=135-155&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A170404567%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1533-791X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Flog.2001.0012&rft.aulast=Zagzebski&rft.aufirst=Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALinda+Zagzebski" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DAA520;">Academic offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Gifford_Lectures" title="Gifford Lectures">Gifford Lecturer</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St. Andrews</a> </b><br />2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Audi" title="Robert Audi">Robert Audi</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Christian_Philosophers" title="Society of Christian Philosophers">Society of Christian Philosophers</a> </b><br />2004–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_J._Wainright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William J. Wainright (page does not exist)">William J. Wainright</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/13053630X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n89629918">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12354652v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12354652v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Zagzebski, Linda Trinkaus"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/UBOV028617">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jx20080207013&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068647646">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Zagzebski, Linda Trinkaus, 1946-"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000072939&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201604472">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810641214205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007270254905171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058520523806706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14447914">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05669919?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philpeople.org/profiles/linda-zagzebski">PhilPeople</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td 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