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孫寶琦 - 維基大典
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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">一</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-考據" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#考據"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二</span> <span>考據</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-考據-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">孫寶琦</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有 一一 種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">一一 種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Baoqi" title="Sun Baoqi – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sun Baoqi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Baoqi" title="Sun Baoqi – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sun Baoqi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Baoqi" title="Sun Baoqi – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sun Baoqi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Baoqi" title="Sun Baoqi – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sun Baoqi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%AE%9D%E7%90%A6" title="孫宝琦 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="孫宝琦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Baoqi" title="Sun Baoqi – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sun Baoqi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Сунь Баоци – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сунь Баоци" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Baoqi" title="Sun Baoqi – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sun Baoqi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B4n_B%E1%BA%A3o_K%E1%BB%B3" title="Tôn Bảo Kỳ – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tôn Bảo Kỳ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6" title="孫寶琦 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="孫寶琦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6" title="孫寶琦 – 粵語" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="孫寶琦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粵語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q711071#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="修跨語鏈" class="wbc-editpage">纂鏈</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多選項" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%8F%B4%E5%BC%95/%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6" rel="nofollow" title="足義友,借鏡照[k]" accesskey="k"><span>援引</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=lzh" title="貢彩件、獻樂謠[u]" accesskey="u"><span>進獻</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E7%89%B9%E6%9F%A5" title="展盡奇頁[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特查</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6&oldid=412066" title="鏈緊焊,橋吊牢"><span>恆通</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6&action=info" title="更多關於此頁面的資訊"><span>文訊</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87&page=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6&id=412066&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6&action=show-download-screen"><span>存為PDF檔</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="備印墨,整版貌[p]" accesskey="p"><span>付梓</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 諸策 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sun_Baoqi" hreflang="en"><span>維基共享</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q711071" title="連結至已連接的資料儲存庫項目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>維基數據項</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外觀"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外觀</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sun_Baoqi.jpg/440px-Sun_Baoqi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>孫寶琦像</figcaption></figure> <p><b>孫寶琦</b>,字<b>慕韓</b>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江">浙江</a>人,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85" title="清">清</a>戶部侍郎<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E8%A9%92%E7%B6%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孫詒經(查無此頁)">詒經</a>子也。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AB%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4" title="一八六七年">同治六年</a>四月廿六日,誕於<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="杭州">錢塘</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="所纂章名:生平"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>少以蔭生補<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="河北">直隸</a>道員。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E3%80%87%E3%80%87%E5%B9%B4" title="一九〇〇年">光緒廿六年</a>,扈從<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E5%AE%97" title="清德宗">德宗</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%88%E7%A6%A7%E5%A4%AA%E5%90%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="慈禧太后">太后</a>西狩,積勞歷遣駐<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="法蘭西">法</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德</a>等國公使。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E3%80%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4" title="一九〇五年">卅一年</a>,命署理<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">順天府</a>府尹,尋充幫辦津浦鐵路大臣。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E3%80%87%E4%B9%9D%E5%B9%B4" title="一九〇九年">宣統元年</a>,擢<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="山東">山東</a>巡撫。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4" title="一九一一年">三年</a>十月,<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="辛亥革命">武昌革命</a>作,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="湖北">湖北</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖南省">湖南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="廣東">廣東</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江">浙江</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%98%87" class="mw-redirect" title="江蘇">江蘇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西</a>各省率響應。時寶琦亦電告獨立,朝議詰以寶琦世受國恩,黨附革命,深憾之<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>一<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。寶琦懼,旋上奏取銷獨立。十二月,疏乞休。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%89%E5%B9%B4" title="一九一三年">民國二年</a>,以諳究外情召入閣,授外交總長。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%80%E5%9B%9B%E5%B9%B4" title="一九一四年">明年</a>,寶琦代<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%8A%E5%B8%8C%E9%BD%A1" title="熊希齡">熊希齡</a>署理國務總理,兼長外部。八月,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="歐戰">歐戰</a>起,寶琦言戰不可恃,上書總統<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E4%B8%96%E5%87%B1" title="袁世凱">袁世凱</a>訂立《局外中立條規》,電參戰各國諭之。頃之,<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日</a>德構釁於山東,日公使遽請<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中國</a>定《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BF%E4%B8%80%E6%A2%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廿一條(查無此頁)">廿一條</a>》,損毀主權,至是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B" title="天下">天下</a>物議紛囂。寶琦憂甚,遂辭,遷審計院長。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AD%E5%B9%B4" title="一九一六年">五年</a>六月,世凱卒,總理<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B5%E7%A5%BA%E7%91%9E" title="段祺瑞">段祺瑞</a>柄政,寶琦復與聞機要,累遷財政總長、漢冶萍公司董事長、招商局董事會長、稅務督辦及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%AF%E7%9B%9B%E9%A0%93%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="華盛頓會議(查無此頁)">華會</a>善後委員會副會長等。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%8C%E5%9B%9B%E5%B9%B4" title="一九二四年">十三年</a>,總統<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E9%8C%95" title="曹錕">曹錕</a>命寶琦組織責任內閣<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>二<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,授總理兼充外交委員會委員長。始,中法金佛郎案起,法人逼成約,寶琦斥金案非計,而財長<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E5%85%8B%E6%95%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王克敏(查無此頁)">王克敏</a>主緩。克敏素與錕相結納,亟允署。七月,寶琦遂稱疾辭。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%8C%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4" title="一九二五年">十四年</a>,中蘇邦交立,授駐<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>特命全權大使,固讓未就,俄授中法大學董事長。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4" title="一九三一年">二十年</a>二月三日,卒於<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="上海">上海</a>,時年六十三。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="考據"><span id=".E8.80.83.E6.93.9A"></span>考據</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AF%B6%E7%90%A6&action=edit&section=2" title="所纂章名:考據"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">《東方雜志·革命成功記》:「初山東之宣布獨立也,孫寶琦本非絕對贊成,而第五鎭新軍亦多模稜兩可。獨立後,孫仍電奏清廷,有「一俟大局定後,中興政府,完全無缺,卽行取銷」,且有「臣受國厚恩」及「臣罪當萬死」等語,其告示亦仍用宣統某年月日,一切佈置,與清廷關係尚未斷絕,旋聞袁世凱到京組織內閣,第五鎭將校多爲袁之舊部,乃起而反抗,山東京官亦貽書詰責,寶琦懼,乃取銷獨立,奏請懲處。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="border-bottom: 1px solid; margin: 0 1px;"><span style="margin: 0 -1px;">劉寿林等編</span></span> <span style="text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-style: wavy;">民國職官年表 </span> <span style="font-size:90%"><span style="font-size:75%"></span></span>; 中華書局,一千九百九十五年; <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%9B%B8%E6%B5%B7/7101013201" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-101-01320-1</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">取自「<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=孫寶琦&oldid=412066">https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=孫寶琦&oldid=412066</a>」</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E9%A1%9E" title="特殊:類">一類</a>:<ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E5%82%B3" title="分類:中華民國列傳">中華民國列傳</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">一隱類:<ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8_ISBN_%E9%AD%94%E8%A1%93%E9%80%A3%E7%B5%90%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="分類:使用 ISBN 魔術連結的頁面">使用 ISBN 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