CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Name of Italy - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"41377f3d-6abe-4c1e-a662-278468430b91","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Name_of_Italy","wgTitle":"Name of Italy","wgCurRevisionId":1246910199,"wgRevisionId":1246910199,"wgArticleId":18895005,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Italian-language sources (it)","CS1 maint: location missing publisher","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with Italian-language sources (it)","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Articles containing Latin-language text","History of Italy","Country name etymology"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Name_of_Italy","wgRelevantArticleId":18895005, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1121889","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg/1200px-1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1642"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg/800px-1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1095"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg/640px-1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="876"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Name of Italy - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_Italy"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_Italy"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Name_of_Italy rootpage-Name_of_Italy skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Name+of+Italy" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Name+of+Italy" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Name+of+Italy" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Name+of+Italy" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Hypothesis_on_etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hypothesis_on_etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Hypothesis on etymology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hypothesis_on_etymology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Hypothesis on etymology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hypothesis_on_etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_myth_of_Italus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_myth_of_Italus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>The myth of Italus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_myth_of_Italus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy_as_the_land_of_calves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy_as_the_land_of_calves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Italy as the land of calves</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy_as_the_land_of_calves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greek_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greek_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Greek origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greek_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etruscan_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etruscan_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Etruscan origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etruscan_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oscan_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oscan_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Oscan origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oscan_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Semitic_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Semitic_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Semitic origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Semitic_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conclusions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conclusions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Conclusions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conclusions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolution_of_the_territory_called_"Italy"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution_of_the_territory_called_"Italy""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Evolution of the territory called "Italy"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution_of_the_territory_called_"Italy"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Name of Italy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نام ایتالیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نام ایتالیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etimologia_del_nome_Italia" title="Etimologia del nome Italia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Etimologia del nome Italia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Название Италии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Название Италии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1121889#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Italy" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Name_of_Italy" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Italy"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Italy"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Name_of_Italy" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Name_of_Italy" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&oldid=1246910199" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Name_of_Italy&id=1246910199&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FName_of_Italy"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FName_of_Italy"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Name_of_Italy&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1121889" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Overview of the name of Italy</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Social_War_AR_Syd_621.1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Social_War_AR_Syd_621.1.jpg/220px-Social_War_AR_Syd_621.1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Social_War_AR_Syd_621.1.jpg/330px-Social_War_AR_Syd_621.1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Social_War_AR_Syd_621.1.jpg/440px-Social_War_AR_Syd_621.1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption>Silver coin minted in <a href="/wiki/Corfinium" title="Corfinium">Corfinium</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Social_War_(91%E2%80%9387_BC)" title="Social War (91–87 BC)">Social War (91–87 BC)</a>, displaying the inscription <i>ITALIA</i> on the verge of the <a href="/wiki/Italia_turrita" title="Italia turrita">personification of Italy</a>, represented as a goddess with <a href="/wiki/Laurel_wreath" title="Laurel wreath">laurel wreath</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Italy" title="Category:History of Italy">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italy" title="History of Italy">History of <span class="fn org label">Italy</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Old map of Italian peninsula"><img alt="Old map of Italian peninsula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg/150px-1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg/225px-1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg/300px-1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4584" data-file-height="6272" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;color: var(--color-base)">Early</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Italy" title="Prehistoric Italy">Prehistoric Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuragic_civilization" title="Nuragic civilization">Nuragic civilization</a> (18th–3rd c. BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan civilization</a> (12th–6th c. BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a> (8th–3rd c. BC)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Kingdom" title="Roman Kingdom">Kingdom</a> (753 BC–509 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Republic</a> (509 BC–27 BC) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_expansion_in_Italy" title="Roman expansion in Italy">Roman expansion in Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Populares" class="mw-redirect" title="Populares">Populares</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Optimates" class="mw-redirect" title="Optimates">Optimates</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Empire</a> (27 BC–286 AD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Empire</a> (286 AD–476 AD) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_Italy" title="Praetorian prefecture of Italy">Praetorian prefecture of Italy</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;color: var(--color-base)">Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Odoacer#King_of_Italy" title="Odoacer">Odoacer's</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 476–493</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogothic</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 493–553</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Vandal_Kingdom" title="Vandal Kingdom">Vandal</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 435–534</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombard</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 568–774</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Frankish</a> (<a href="/wiki/Carolingian_Empire" title="Carolingian Empire">Carolingian Empire</a>)</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 774–962</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)#Imperial_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Germanic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>)</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 962–1801</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;color: var(--color-base)">Medieval</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Italy in the Middle Ages">Italy in the Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Italy" title="Byzantine Italy">Byzantine reconquest of Italy</a> (6th–8th c.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam_in_southern_Italy" title="History of Islam in southern Italy">Islam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy" title="Norman conquest of southern Italy">Normans</a> in southern Italy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_republics" title="Maritime republics">Maritime republics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_city-states" title="Italian city-states">Italian city-states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">Guelphs and Ghibellines</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;color: var(--color-base)">Early modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance" title="Italian Renaissance">Italian Renaissance</a> (14th–16th c.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Wars" title="Italian Wars">Italian Wars</a> (1494–1559)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Catholic revival</a> (1545–1648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_early_modern_Italy" title="History of early modern Italy">Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleonic</a> Italy (1801–1814)</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">Risorgimento</a></i> (1815–1871)</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Young_Italy" title="Young Italy">Young Italy</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;color: var(--color-base)">Modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Monarchy</a> (1861–1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Colonial Empire</a> (1882–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_I" title="Military history of Italy during World War I">Italy in World War I</a> (1914–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy_(1922%E2%80%931943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist Italy (1922–1943)">Fascism</a> (1922–1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">Italy in World War II</a> (1940–1945)</li> <li>Fascist <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_resistance_movement" title="Italian resistance movement">Partisans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Civil_War" title="Italian Civil War">Italian Civil War</a> (1943–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="History of the Italian Republic">Republic</a> (1946–<i>present</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead</a> (1970s–1980s) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxi_Trial" title="Maxi Trial">Maxi Trial</a> (1986–1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mani_pulite" title="Mani pulite">Mani pulite</a></i> (1992–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a> (2007–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_European_migrant_crisis" title="2015 European migrant crisis">European migrant crisis</a> (2014–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">COVID-19 pandemic</a> (2020–<i>present</i>)</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;color: var(--color-base)">By topic</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_citizenship" title="History of Italian citizenship">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_coins_in_Italy" title="History of coins in Italy">Currency and coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Italy" title="Economic history of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion" title="History of Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_flags" title="List of Italian flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_Italy" title="Genetic history of Italy">Genetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_states_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic states of Italy">Historic states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Italy" title="History of the Jews in Italy">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Italy" title="LGBT history in Italy">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy" title="Military history of Italy">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_history_of_Italy" title="Music history of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Italy" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Italy">Postage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_Italy" title="History of rail transport in Italy">Railway</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <p><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Italian_history" title="Timeline of Italian history">Timeline</a><br /> </p> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/16px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/24px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Italy" title="Template:History of Italy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Italy" title="Template talk:History of Italy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Italy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymology</a> of the <b>name of Italy</b> has been the subject of reconstructions by <a href="/wiki/Linguists" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguists">linguists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Historiography" title="Historiography">historians</a>. Considerations extraneous to the specifically linguistic reconstruction of the name have formed a rich <a href="/wiki/Text_corpus" title="Text corpus">corpus</a> of solutions that are either associated with legend (the existence of a king named <a href="/wiki/Italus" title="Italus">Italus</a>) or in any case strongly problematic (such as the connection of the name with the <a href="/wiki/Vitis_vinifera" title="Vitis vinifera">grape vine</a>, <i>vitis</i> in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Manco_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manco-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One theory is that the name derives from the word <i>Italói</i>, a term with which the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">ancient Greeks</a> designated a tribe of <a href="/wiki/Sicels" title="Sicels">Sicels</a> who had crossed the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Messina" title="Strait of Messina">Strait of Messina</a> and who inhabited the extreme tip of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italic Peninsula</a>, near today's <a href="/wiki/Catanzaro" title="Catanzaro">Catanzaro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is attested by the fact that the ancient Greek peoples who colonized present-day <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> by integrating with the pre-existing peoples, referred to themselves as <a href="/wiki/Italiotes" title="Italiotes">Italiotes</a>, that is, inhabitants of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-Guillotining_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guillotining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This group of Italian people had worshiped the simulacrum of a <a href="/wiki/Calf_(animal)" title="Calf (animal)">calf</a> (<i>vitulus</i>, in Latin), and the name would therefore mean "inhabitants of the land of calves".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In any case, it is known that in archaic times the name indicated the part located in the extreme south of the Italian Peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-Guillotining_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guillotining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name of Italy originally applied only to the tip of the Italian <i>boot</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guillotining_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guillotining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As time progressed, the name "Italia" was extended further and further north until it reached the Alps in Roman times and became synonymous with the whole <a href="/wiki/Italian_geographical_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian geographical region">Italian geographical region</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Treccani_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treccani-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hypothesis_on_etymology">Hypothesis on etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Hypothesis on etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_myth_of_Italus">The myth of Italus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The myth of Italus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The region, which is now called Italy, formerly held the <a href="/wiki/Oenotrians" title="Oenotrians">Oenotrians</a>; some time their king was <a href="/wiki/Italus" title="Italus">Italus</a>, and then they changed their name to Italics; succeeding Morgete, they were called <a href="/wiki/Morgetes" title="Morgetes">Morgetes</a>; later came a <a href="/wiki/Siculus" title="Siculus">Siculus</a>, who divided the peoples, who were then Morgeti and <a href="/wiki/Sicels" title="Sicels">Sicels</a>; and Italics were those who were Oenotrians</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Antiochus_of_Syracuse" title="Antiochus of Syracuse">Antiochus of Syracuse</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus" title="Dionysius of Halicarnassus">Dionysius of Halicarnassus</a> 1, 12 vg<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>There are various legends about the character of Italus, king of the Oenotrians who, according to the myth, lived 16 generations before the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a>; the name "Italy" derives from him.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Given first to the region corresponding to his kingdom, that is almost all of <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> with the exception of the northern area. King Italus converted the Oenotrians from a nomadic people to a permanent one, establishing them in the extreme offshoot of the European coasts, in the current isthmus of <a href="/wiki/Catanzaro" title="Catanzaro">Catanzaro</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Squillace" title="Gulf of Squillace">Gulf of Squillace</a> to the east and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Saint_Euphemia" title="Gulf of Saint Euphemia">Gulf of Saint Euphemia</a> to the west.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capital of his kingdom, according to Strabo, was <a href="/wiki/Pandosia_(Bruttium)" title="Pandosia (Bruttium)">Pandosia Bruzia</a>, today probably corresponding to the city of <a href="/wiki/Acri" title="Acri">Acri</a>. </p><p>According to Strabo, Antiochus of Syracuse (5th century BC) already spoke of the borders of Italy in his work <i>On Italy</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which identified it with the ancient Oenotrians. At that time it extended from the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Sicily" title="Strait of Sicily">Strait of Sicily</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Taranto" title="Gulf of Taranto">Gulf of Taranto</a> (to the east) and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Salerno" title="Gulf of Salerno">Gulf of Posidonia</a> (to the west).<sup id="cite_ref-StraboneItaliaV1.1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StraboneItaliaV1.1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy_as_the_land_of_calves">Italy as the land of calves</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Italy as the land of calves"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iron_Age_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Iron_Age_Italy.svg/330px-Iron_Age_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="401" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Iron_Age_Italy.svg/495px-Iron_Age_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Iron_Age_Italy.svg/660px-Iron_Age_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>Ethnolinguistic map of Italy in the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>, before the <a href="/wiki/Roman_conquest_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman conquest of Italy">Roman expansion and conquest of Italy</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Not all ancient authors adhered to the mythological version. <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Terentius_Varro" title="Marcus Terentius Varro">Marcus Terentius Varro</a> who, citing <a href="/wiki/Timaeus_(historian)" title="Timaeus (historian)">Timaeus</a>, derives the word <i>Italia</i> from calves ("<i>Italia a Vitulis</i>") for the abundance and beauty of the <a href="/wiki/Calf_(animal)" title="Calf (animal)">calf</a> (<i>Vitulus</i> in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>; <i>Vitlu</i> in <a href="/wiki/Osco-Umbrian_languages" title="Osco-Umbrian languages">Osco-Umbrian</a>) in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The passage from the <i>Vitalia</i> form to <i>Italia</i> can in this case be explained by the simple fall of the initial consonant by means of classical Greek, in which the letter V is absent.<sup id="cite_ref-viaggioincoppia_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-viaggioincoppia-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other proposals that motivate the name beyond a real linguistic analysis can be remembered that of Domenico Romanelli, who, based on the ancient but never fully accepted hypothesis that it was related to the <a href="/wiki/Bull" title="Bull">bulls</a> (<i>taurus</i> in Latin), explained it with the fact that those who came from the sea from the west saw bull-like silhouettes in the <i>Bruttia</i> and <i>Japigia</i> peninsulas.<sup id="cite_ref-Romanelli_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romanelli-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In ancient times the lands of present-day <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> were known as Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-eccellenzemeridionali_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eccellenzemeridionali-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ancient Greeks indicated the origin of the name in <i>Ouitoulía</i> from the word "Italói" (plural of <i>Italós</i>), a term with which the <a href="/wiki/Achaeans_(tribe)" title="Achaeans (tribe)">Achaeans</a> settlers who arrived in the lands of present-day Calabria ambiguously designated the Vitulis, a population that inhabited the lands of current southern Calabria whose <a href="/wiki/Ethnonym" title="Ethnonym">ethnonym</a> was etymologically related to the word indicating the bull, an animal sacred to the Vitulis. The ancient Greek <i>italós</i> is of Italic derivation from the Osco-Umbrian <i>uitlu</i>, precisely bull (see the Latin <i>uitellus</i>, form with diminutive suffix meaning calf).<sup id="cite_ref-eccellenzemeridionali_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eccellenzemeridionali-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Ouitoulía</i> thus came to mean "land of the Vitulis" or "land of the bulls".<sup id="cite_ref-eccellenzemeridionali_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eccellenzemeridionali-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In support of this hypothesis, it is highlighted that in the southern part of the Calabrian peninsula, and in the Sicilian coast of the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Messina" title="Strait of Messina">Strait of Messina</a>, there are toponyms of <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a> origin (some translated into Latin by the <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Normans</a>) probably belonging to the most ancient etymology of the land of the bulls (of cattle). These include <a href="/wiki/Tauriana" title="Tauriana">Tauriana</a>, a city destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/Saracens" class="mw-redirect" title="Saracens">Saracens</a> in the 10th century whose name survives today in the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Gioia_Tauro" title="Gioia Tauro">Gioia Tauro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taurianova" title="Taurianova">Taurianova</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Terranova_Sappo_Minulio" title="Terranova Sappo Minulio">Terranova Sappo Minulio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bova,_Calabria" title="Bova, Calabria">Bova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bovalino" title="Bovalino">Bovalino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Itala,_Sicily" title="Itala, Sicily">Itala</a>. </p><p>The similarity with the name "Italy" of the last toponym, "Itala", is evident. Danish archaeologist and philologist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederik_Poulsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederik Poulsen (page does not exist)">Frederik Poulsen</a>, in a study on the origin of the name "Italia", claimed that it was used for the first time in the 5th century BC, precisely with reference to the territory south of <a href="/wiki/Messina" title="Messina">Messina</a> where Itala is situated and where a population of the <a href="/wiki/Oenotrians" title="Oenotrians">Oenotrians</a> lived, which had a bull as its emblem ("<i>Vitulus</i>").<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the arrival of the ancient Greeks, the consonant V was eliminated from the word <i>Vitulus</i>, which disappeared in classical Greek, and only the word "<i>Itulus</i>" remained.<sup id="cite_ref-viaggioincoppia_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-viaggioincoppia-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the Oenotrians, the populations of the Italics, <a href="/wiki/Morgetes" title="Morgetes">Morgetes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sicels" title="Sicels">Sicels</a> would then be distinguished. Subsequently, according to Poulsen, the name "Italy" was extended to the whole peninsula. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Catch from the Oenotrians, formerly Oenotria: now, as it is famous, having taken the name of Italus, Italy is called</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Virgil, <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> III, 165</cite></div></blockquote> <p>Poulsen's thesis, however, seems to be questioned by the fact that the oldest documentable toponymic form for Itala is that of <i>Gitala</i>, as shown by a donation diploma from Count Roger of 1093. The name would then undergo many variations over the centuries: <i>Quitala</i>, <i>Gitalas</i>, <i>Gytalas</i>, <i>Kitala</i>, <i>Hitala</i> and finally Itala.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greek_origin">Greek origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Greek origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Italia_colonie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Italia_colonie.jpg" decoding="async" width="298" height="433" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="433" /></a><figcaption>Italy according to the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">ancient Greeks</a>, corresponding to the current <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">ancient Greek</a> tradition the name revived the theory of expansion from south to north in that the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">ancient Greeks</a> would gradually apply the name "Italy" to an ever wider region, until the time of the Roman conquest, when it was extended to the entire peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-Guillotining_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guillotining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For some linguists who supported this theory, the name would be based on a hypothetical ancient Greek form such as Aἰθαλία (<i>Aithalía</i>) which in its initial part Aith- (typical of words referring to fire) would contain a reference to the volcanic dimension of the lands of the peninsula. This meaning would resist for example in the name of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Etna" title="Mount Etna">Etna</a>, in ancient Greek "<i>Aitna</i>". This proposal had already been advanced by Gabriele Rosa, according to whom the first ancient Greeks who arrived in the peninsula would have called it precisely:<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Aιθαλια (Italy) volcanic, or flaming and sooty, for the same reason that the islands of <a href="/wiki/Elba" title="Elba">Elba</a> (Ilva), <a href="/wiki/Lemnos" title="Lemnos">Lemnos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chios" title="Chios">Chios</a>, full of forges, said Aιθαλια</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Gabriele Rosa</cite></div></blockquote> <p>Rosa, however, did not address and clarify the strictly linguistic arguments that had led him to such a solution, thus leaving his proposal in the pre-scientific dimension.<sup id="cite_ref-Manco_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manco-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was mainly Silvestri who recovered this theory, assuming three ancient Greek or <a href="/wiki/Proto-Greek_language" title="Proto-Greek language">Proto-Greek</a> bases ("Aitalía", "Eitalía", and "Etalía") in order to give scientific basis to the proposal. According to this theory, Italy would originally have meant "fiery land", "land of the fiery sunset" (or "land of the West"), or "smoking land".<sup id="cite_ref-Silvestri_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Silvestri-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For Felice Vinci, this solution would solve the problem of the long i <a href="/wiki/Length_(phonetics)" title="Length (phonetics)">length</a> of the word <i>Italia</i>, that conflicts with the short i length of the word <i>vitulus,</i> word from that the <a href="/wiki/Toponymy" title="Toponymy">toponym</a> should derive according to the most credited theory. On the contrary, following the theory of the Greek origin, the long i quantity is not an exception, because it should derive from the Greek <a href="/wiki/Diphthong" title="Diphthong">dipthong</a> Aι.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etruscan_origin">Etruscan origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Etruscan origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This theory is opposed by that which, with a solution that has authoritative precedents and yet little remembered in its most recent revival, proposes an <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan</a> solution of the name of Italy;<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is a reconstruction that deems the "Greek" hypothesis inadmissible and implies conclusions symmetrically opposed to the latter, such as the fact that the name has spread from north to south. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oscan_origin">Oscan origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Oscan origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ultimate etymology of the name is uncertain, in spite of numerous suggestions.<sup id="cite_ref-Manco_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manco-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the most widely accepted explanation, Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Italia</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> may derive from <a href="/wiki/Oscan_language" title="Oscan language">Oscan</a> <i>víteliú</i>, meaning "[land] of young cattle" (c.f. <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>vitulus</i> "calf", <a href="/wiki/Umbrian_language" title="Umbrian language">Umbrian</a> <i>vitlu</i>), via <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">ancient Greek</a> transmission (evidenced in the loss of initial <a href="/wiki/Digamma" title="Digamma">digamma</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bull_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bull (mythology)">bull</a> was a symbol of the southern <a href="/wiki/Italic_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="Italic tribes">Italic tribes</a> and was often depicted goring the Roman wolf as a defiant symbol of free Italy during the <a href="/wiki/Social_War_(91%E2%80%9388_BC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social War (91–88 BC)">Social War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the <a href="/wiki/Coinage_of_the_Social_War_(91%E2%80%9388_BC)" title="Coinage of the Social War (91–88 BC)">coinage of the Social War</a>, dating back to 90 BC, found in the ancient city of <a href="/wiki/Corfinium" title="Corfinium">Corfinium</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Abruzzo" title="Abruzzo">Abruzzo</a>), there is a personification of Italy as a goddess, accompanied by a legend that reproduces her name, <small>ITALIA</small>, in the <a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin alphabet</a>, or the equivalent <small>VITELIU</small><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<i>Víteliú</i> = Italy) in the Oscan alphabet. This is the first epigraphic testimony of the use of the name <i>Italia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Semitic_origin">Semitic origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Semitic origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another theory, rather contested, suggests that Italy derives from "Atalu", an <a href="/wiki/Akkadian_language" title="Akkadian language">Akkadian</a> word (<a href="/wiki/Semitic_languages" title="Semitic languages">Semitic language</a> like <a href="/wiki/Phoenician_language" title="Phoenician language">Phoenician</a>) reconstructed by the scholar <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Semerano" title="Giovanni Semerano">Giovanni Semerano</a>, which would mean "land of sunset".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Itamar_Ben-Avi" title="Itamar Ben-Avi">Itamar Ben-Avi</a>, the son of linguist <a href="/wiki/Eliezer_Ben-Yehuda" title="Eliezer Ben-Yehuda">Eliezer Ben-Yehuda</a> and the first modern native speaker of <a href="/wiki/Modern_Hebrew" title="Modern Hebrew">Hebrew</a>, theorized that Italy derived from Hebrew — "I" ("אִי", "island"), "tal" ("טַל", "dew"), and "yam" ("יָם", "sea") — and that the name was pre-Latin and showed possible links between Etruscan and Hebrew cultures through the Mediterranean Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though this theory did not gain wide traction, it was also adopted by Zionist leader <a href="/wiki/Ze%27ev_Jabotinsky" title="Ze'ev Jabotinsky">Ze'ev Jabotinsky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conclusions">Conclusions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Conclusions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It can be observed that the notion of Italy is a dynamic and plural notion, in progress until the 3rd century BC. In fact, in the conception of Italy a <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Greek Italy</a> (limited to the southern Italy), another <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan</a> (separated from the <a href="/wiki/Apennines" class="mw-redirect" title="Apennines">Apennines</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Gauls" title="Gauls">Gallic</a> and ancient Greek world), and probably also a first <a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a>, which initially coincided with the large western coastal region between northern <a href="/wiki/Etruria" title="Etruria">Etruria</a> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Campania" title="Ancient Campania">ager Campanus</a></i>, and which then absorbed the others.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution_of_the_territory_called_"Italy""><span id="Evolution_of_the_territory_called_.22Italy.22"></span>Evolution of the territory called "Italy"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Evolution of the territory called "Italy""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regioni_dell%27Italia_Augustea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Regioni_dell%27Italia_Augustea.svg/330px-Regioni_dell%27Italia_Augustea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="466" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Regioni_dell%27Italia_Augustea.svg/495px-Regioni_dell%27Italia_Augustea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Regioni_dell%27Italia_Augustea.svg/660px-Regioni_dell%27Italia_Augustea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Augustan_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Augustan Italy">Regions of Augustan Italy</a></figcaption></figure> <p><i>Italia</i>, the ancient name of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a>, which is also eponymous of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Republic">modern republic</a>, originally applied only to the "tip" of the Italian "boot" (in modern <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Guillotining_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guillotining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Antiochus_of_Syracuse" title="Antiochus of Syracuse">Antiochus of Syracuse</a>, it included only the southern portion of the Bruttium peninsula:<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the actual <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Reggio_Calabria" title="Province of Reggio Calabria">province of Reggio Calabria</a> and part of the modern <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Catanzaro" title="Province of Catanzaro">provinces of Catanzaro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Vibo_Valentia" title="Province of Vibo Valentia">Vibo Valentia</a>. The town of Catanzaro has a road sign (in Italian) also stating this fact.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But by this time, <a href="/wiki/Oenotria" class="mw-redirect" title="Oenotria">Oenotria</a> and Italy had become synonymous and the name also applied to most of <a href="/wiki/Lucania" title="Lucania">Lucania</a> as well. Coins bearing the name <i>Víteliú</i> in <a href="/wiki/Oscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscan">Oscan</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r866748597">.mw-parser-output .script-old-italic{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Italica Vetus","Italica Vetus SN",Cardo,FreeMono,"DejaVu Sans","Noto Sans Old Italic","Quivira","Aegean","Segoe UI Historic"}.mw-parser-output .script-old-italic[style*="direction: rtl"]{font-size:1.25em;font-family:"Italica Vetus SN","Italica Vetus",Cardo,FreeMono,"DejaVu Sans","Noto Sans Old Italic","Quivira","Aegean","Segoe UI Historic"}</style><span class="script-old-italic">𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞</span>) were minted by an alliance of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Italic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Italic peoples">Italic peoples</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sabines" title="Sabines">Sabines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samnites" title="Samnites">Samnites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umbrians" class="mw-redirect" title="Umbrians">Umbrians</a> and others) competing with Rome in the 1st century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Guillotining_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guillotining-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ancient <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Greeks</a> gradually came to apply the name <i>Italia</i> to a larger region, but it was during the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>, in 264 BC, that the territory called "Italy" was extended to the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a> south of the <a href="/wiki/Arno" title="Arno">Arno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rubicon" title="Rubicon">Rubicon</a> rivers. The northern area of <a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Cisalpine Gaul</a> came in the Roman sphere of influence in the 220s BC and became considered geographically and <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> part of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The borders of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a>, <i>Italia</i>, are better established. Cato's <i><a href="/wiki/Origines" title="Origines">Origines</a></i>, the first work of <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a> composed in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, described Italy as the entire peninsula south of the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Cato and several Roman authors, the Alps formed the "walls of Italy".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The north, however, being a province, remained <i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i> separated from Italy in administrative matters for a longer period of rime. It was legally merged into the administrative unit of Italy in 42 BC by the triumvir <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>, as planned by <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>, who had already extended Roman citizenship to all of Cisalpine Gaul in 49 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "Italy" also included Liguria up to the <a href="/wiki/Var_(river)" title="Var (river)">Varo river</a> and Istria up to <a href="/wiki/Pula" title="Pula">Pola</a> and to the <a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%A1a_(river)" title="Raša (river)">Arsa river</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-StraboneItaliaV1.1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StraboneItaliaV1.1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All its inhabitants were considered <i>Italic</i> and <i>Roman</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-StraboneItaliaV1.1_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StraboneItaliaV1.1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DRR_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DRR-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-au_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-au-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under Emperor <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> the administrative Roman region of "Italia" was further enlarged with the addition in 292 AD of the three big islands of the western <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> (with the <a href="/wiki/Maltese_archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Maltese archipelago">Maltese archipelago</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a>, coinciding with the whole <a href="/wiki/Italian_geographical_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian geographical region">Italian geographical region</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Treccani_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treccani-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Indeed under Diocletian Italy became the '<i>Dioecesis Italiciana</i>. It also included southern <a href="/wiki/Raetia" title="Raetia">Raetia</a> (actual <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>). It was subdivided into the following provinces: </p> <ul><li><i>Liguria</i> (today's <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a> and western <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a>)</li> <li><i>Transpadana</i> (eastern Piedmont and <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>)</li> <li><i>Rhaetia</i> (eastern Switzerland, western and central Austria and part of northeastern Italy)</li> <li><i>Venetia et Histria</i> (today's <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige" class="mw-redirect" title="Trentino-Alto Adige">Trentino-Alto Adige</a> and <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a>)</li> <li><i>Aemilia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a>)</li> <li><i>Tuscia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Etruria" title="Etruria">Etruria</a>) <i>et Umbria</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Umbria" title="Umbria">Umbria</a>)</li> <li><i>Flaminia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Picenum" title="Picenum">Picenum</a> and the former <a href="/wiki/Ager_Gallicus" title="Ager Gallicus">Ager Gallicus</a>, in today's <a href="/wiki/Marche" title="Marche">Marche</a>)</li> <li><i>Latium et Campania</i> (the coastal parts of <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a>)</li> <li><i>Samnium</i> (<a href="/wiki/Abruzzo" title="Abruzzo">Abruzzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molise" title="Molise">Molise</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irpinia" title="Irpinia">Irpinia</a>)</li> <li><i>Apulia et Calabria</i> (today's <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>)</li> <li><i>Lucania et Bruttium</i> (<a href="/wiki/Basilicata" title="Basilicata">Basilicata</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>)</li> <li><i>Sicilia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Corsica_and_Sardinia" class="mw-redirect" title="Corsica and Sardinia">Corsica et Sardinia</a></i></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Italia_Dioceses_in_400_AD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Italia_Dioceses_in_400_AD.png/330px-Italia_Dioceses_in_400_AD.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="563" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Italia_Dioceses_in_400_AD.png 1.5x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="845" /></a><figcaption><i>Italia annonaria</i> and <i>Italia suburbicaria</i> under <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine</a> subdivided the Empire into four <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture" title="Praetorian prefecture">praetorian prefectures</a>. The <i>Diocesis Italiciana</i> became the <a href="/wiki/Praetorian_prefecture_of_Italy" title="Praetorian prefecture of Italy">Praetorian prefecture of Italy</a> (<i>praefectura praetoria Italiae</i>), and was subdivided into two dioceses. It still included <a href="/wiki/Raetia" title="Raetia">Raetia</a>. The two dioceses and their provinces were: </p> <ul><li><i>Diocesis Italia annonaria</i> (Italy of the <a href="/wiki/Cura_Annonae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cura Annonae">annona</a> - its inhabitants had the obligation to provide the court, the administration and the troops, first allocated in Milan and then in Ravenna, supplies, wine and timber)<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><i>Alpes Cottiae</i> (modern <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a> and western part of <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a>)</li> <li><i>Liguria</i> (western <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a> and eastern part of Piedmont)</li> <li><i>Venetia et Histria</i> (<a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a> [which is now part of <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and Italy], <a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige" class="mw-redirect" title="Trentino-Alto Adige">Trentino-Alto Adige</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veneto" title="Veneto">Veneto</a> and eastern and central Lombardy)</li> <li><i>Raetia I</i> (eastern Switzerland and western Austria)</li> <li><i>Rhaetia II</i> (central Austria, part of southern Germany, and part of northeastern Italy)</li> <li><i>Aemilia</i> (the Emilia part of <a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a>)</li> <li><i>Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium</i> (<a href="/wiki/Romagna" title="Romagna">Romagna</a> and northern <a href="/wiki/Marche" title="Marche">Marche</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Diocesis Italia suburbicaria</i> (Italy "under the government of the <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/urbs" class="extiw" title="wikt:urbs">urbs</a></i>", i.e. Rome) <ul><li><i>Tuscia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Etruria" title="Etruria">Etruria</a>) <i>et Umbria</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umbria" title="Umbria">Umbria</a> and the northern part of coastal <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a>)</li> <li><i>Picenum suburbicarium</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ascoli_Piceno" title="Ascoli Piceno">Piceno</a>, in southern <a href="/wiki/Marche" title="Marche">Marche</a>)</li> <li><i>Valeria</i> <a href="/wiki/Sabina_(region)" title="Sabina (region)">Sabina</a> (the modern <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Rieti" title="Province of Rieti">province of Rieti</a>, other areas of Lazio and areas of <a href="/wiki/Umbria" title="Umbria">Umbria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abruzzo" title="Abruzzo">Abruzzo</a>)</li> <li><i>Campania</i> (central and southern coastal <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a> and coastal <a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a> except for the modern <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salerno" title="Province of Salerno">province of Salerno</a>)</li> <li><i>Samnium</i> (<a href="/wiki/Abruzzo" title="Abruzzo">Abruzzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molise" title="Molise">Molise</a> and the mountain areas of modern Campania; i.e., the modern provinces of <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Benevento" title="Province of Benevento">Benevento</a> and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Avellino" title="Province of Avellino">Avellino</a> and part of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Caserta" title="Province of Caserta">province of Caserta</a>)</li> <li><i>Apulia et Calabria</i> (today's <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>)</li> <li><i>Lucania et Bruttium (</i>modern <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basilicata" title="Basilicata">Basilicata</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Salerno" title="Province of Salerno">province of Salerno</a> in modern Campania)</li> <li><i>Sicilia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <p>The Latin term <i>Italicus</i> was used to describe "a man of Italy" as opposed to a <a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">provincial</a>. For example, <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a> notably wrote in a letter <i>Italicus es an provincialis</i>? meaning "are you an Italian or a provincial?".<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The adjective <i>italianus</i>, from which are derived the Italian (and also French and English) name of the <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a>, is <a href="/wiki/Middle_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Latin">medieval</a> and was used alternatively with Italicus during the <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">early modern period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Western_Roman_Empire" title="Fall of the Western Roman Empire">fall of the Western Roman Empire</a>, which was caused by the invasion of the <a href="/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths">Ostrogoths</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Ostrogothic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Italy (Ostrogothic)">Kingdom of Italy</a> was created. After the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombard</a> invasions, "Italia" was retained as the name for <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">their kingdom</a>, and for its <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">successor kingdom</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, which nominally lasted until 1806, although it had <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> disintegrated due to <a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">factional politics</a> pitting the empire against the ascendant <a href="/wiki/Italian_city-states" title="Italian city-states">city republics</a> in the 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italy" title="History of Italy">History of Italy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Manco-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Manco_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manco_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manco_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alberto Manco, <i>Italia. Disegno storico-linguistico</i>, 2009, Napoli, L'Orientale, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-95044-62-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-95044-62-0">978-88-95044-62-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.focus.it/cultura/storia/quale-e-lorigine-del-nome-italia">"Quale è l'origine del nome Italia?"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Quale+%C3%A8+l%27origine+del+nome+Italia%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.focus.it%2Fcultura%2Fstoria%2Fquale-e-lorigine-del-nome-italia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guillotining-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guillotining_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guillotining_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guillotining_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guillotining_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guillotining_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guillotining_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Guillotining, M., History of Earliest Italy, trans. Ryle, M & Soper, K. in Jerome Lectures, Diciassettesima serie, p.50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Treccani-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Treccani_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Treccani_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/la-riorganizzazione-amministrativa-dell-italia-costantino-roma-il-senato-e-gli-equilibri-dell-italia-romana_%28Enciclopedia-Costantiniana%29/">"La riorganizzazione amministrativa dell'Italia. Costantino, Roma, il Senato e gli equilibri dell'Italia romana"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+riorganizzazione+amministrativa+dell%27Italia.+Costantino%2C+Roma%2C+il+Senato+e+gli+equilibri+dell%27Italia+romana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Fla-riorganizzazione-amministrativa-dell-italia-costantino-roma-il-senato-e-gli-equilibri-dell-italia-romana_%2528Enciclopedia-Costantiniana%2529%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unilibro.it/libro/maglie-emilio-aldo/sicilia/9788897180838">"Sicilia"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sicilia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unilibro.it%2Flibro%2Fmaglie-emilio-aldo%2Fsicilia%2F9788897180838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://matera.italiani.it/scopricitta/italo-il-mitico-re-che-ha-dato-il-nome-all-italia/">"Italo, il mitico re che ha dato il nome all'Italia"</a> (in Italian). 22 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Italo%2C+il+mitico+re+che+ha+dato+il+nome+all%27Italia&rft.date=2020-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmatera.italiani.it%2Fscopricitta%2Fitalo-il-mitico-re-che-ha-dato-il-nome-all-italia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.calabriaportal.com/popoli-della-calabria/4639-itali.html">"Gli Itali in Calabria"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gli+Itali+in+Calabria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.calabriaportal.com%2Fpopoli-della-calabria%2F4639-itali.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a></i>, VI, 1,4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StraboneItaliaV1.1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StraboneItaliaV1.1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StraboneItaliaV1.1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StraboneItaliaV1.1_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Geographica" title="Geographica">Geographica</a></i>, V, 1,1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docenti.unimc.it/francesca.boldrer/teaching/2019/20589/files/italiam-quaero">"Bollettino di studi latini"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bollettino+di+studi+latini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocenti.unimc.it%2Ffrancesca.boldrer%2Fteaching%2F2019%2F20589%2Ffiles%2Fitaliam-quaero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-viaggioincoppia-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-viaggioincoppia_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-viaggioincoppia_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaggioincoppia.com/perche-l-italia-si-chiama-italia/">"Perché l'Italia si chiama Italia? 7 possibili risposte"</a> (in Italian). 31 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perch%C3%A9+l%27Italia+si+chiama+Italia%3F+7+possibili+risposte&rft.date=2020-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fviaggioincoppia.com%2Fperche-l-italia-si-chiama-italia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Romanelli-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Romanelli_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Domenico Romanelli, <i>Antica topografia istorica del Regno di Napoli</i>, Napoli 1815</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eccellenzemeridionali-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eccellenzemeridionali_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eccellenzemeridionali_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eccellenzemeridionali_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eccellenzemeridionali.it/2020/05/12/e-se-litalia-fosse-nata-in-calabria/">"L'Italia è nata in Calabria. Ecco la teoria che lo confermerebbe?"</a> (in Italian). 12 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%27Italia+%C3%A8+nata+in+Calabria.+Ecco+la+teoria+che+lo+confermerebbe%3F&rft.date=2020-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feccellenzemeridionali.it%2F2020%2F05%2F12%2Fe-se-litalia-fosse-nata-in-calabria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.messinaierieoggi.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=60&Itemid=186">"Itala"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Itala&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.messinaierieoggi.it%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D60%26Itemid%3D186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalvatore_Vernaci2011" class="citation book cs1">Salvatore Vernaci (2011). <i>Itala</i>. Armando Siciliano Editore. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7442-426-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7442-426-9"><bdi>978-88-7442-426-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Itala&rft.pub=Armando+Siciliano+Editore&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-88-7442-426-9&rft.au=Salvatore+Vernaci&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabriele_Rosa1863" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gabriele Rosa (1863). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NoANAAAAQAAJ&q=rosa+le+origini+della+civilt%C3%A0+in+europa"><i>Le origini della civiltà in Europa</i></a> (in Italian). Editori del Politecnico<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+origini+della+civilt%C3%A0+in+Europa&rft.pub=Editori+del+Politecnico&rft.date=1863&rft.au=Gabriele+Rosa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNoANAAAAQAAJ%26q%3Drosa%2Ble%2Borigini%2Bdella%2Bcivilt%25C3%25A0%2Bin%2Beuropa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Silvestri-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Silvestri_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D. Silvestri, “Per una etimologia del nome Italia”, AIΩN-linguistica 22, 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVinci2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vinci, Felice (2021). <i>I segreti di Omero nel Baltico</i> [<i>Homer secrets' in the Baltic Sea</i>] (in Italian). Gorizia: Leg edizioni. p. 176.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+segreti+di+Omero+nel+Baltico&rft.place=Gorizia&rft.pages=176&rft.pub=Leg+edizioni&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Vinci&rft.aufirst=Felice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Massimo Pittau, “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pittau.it/comune/italia.htm">Il nome dell'Italia è probabilmente etrusco</a>”, RION IX, 2003, 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Latin_Dictionary" title="Oxford Latin Dictionary">OLD</a>, p. 974: "first syll. naturally short (cf. <a href="/wiki/Quintilian" title="Quintilian">Quint.</a> <i>Inst.</i> 1.5.18), and so scanned in <span style="font-variant:small-caps"><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Lucilius" title="Gaius Lucilius">Lucil.</a></span>825, but in dactylic verse lengthened <i>metri gratia</i>."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J.P. Mallory and D.Q. Adams, <i>Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture</i> (London: Fitzroy and Dearborn, 1997), 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fucino.altervista.org/pagina-875319.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Fucinus lacus" - Il primo prosciugamento"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Fucinus+lacus%22+-+Il+primo+prosciugamento&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fucino.altervista.org%2Fpagina-875319.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Devoto" title="Giacomo Devoto">Giacomo Devoto</a>, <i>Gli antichi Italici</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vallecchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vallecchi (page does not exist)">Vallecchi</a>, 1931 (p. 116)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.italiani.it/lo-sapevi-che-ci-sono-varie-ipotesi-sull-origine-del-nome-italia/">"Lo sapevi che ci sono varie ipotesi sull'origine del nome "Italia"?"</a> (in Italian). 6 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lo+sapevi+che+ci+sono+varie+ipotesi+sull%27origine+del+nome+%22Italia%22%3F&rft.date=2019-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.italiani.it%2Flo-sapevi-che-ci-sono-varie-ipotesi-sull-origine-del-nome-italia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.feltrinellieditore.it/news/2005/07/22/umberto-galimberti-allorigine-delle-parole--giovanni-semerano-5266/">"Umberto Galimberti: All'origine delle parole. Giovanni Semerano"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Umberto+Galimberti%3A+All%27origine+delle+parole.+Giovanni+Semerano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.feltrinellieditore.it%2Fnews%2F2005%2F07%2F22%2Fumberto-galimberti-allorigine-delle-parole--giovanni-semerano-5266%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen-Avi1929" class="citation news cs1">Ben-Avi, Itamar (16 October 1929). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/dhy/1929/10/16/01">"דרך ימנו העברי"</a>. <i>Do'ar ha-yom (דאר היום)</i>. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Do%27ar+ha-yom+%28%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A8+%D7%94%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D%29&rft.atitle=%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%9A+%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%95+%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1929-10-16&rft.aulast=Ben-Avi&rft.aufirst=Itamar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nli.org.il%2Fen%2Fnewspapers%2Fdhy%2F1929%2F10%2F16%2F01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaplan2005" class="citation book cs1">Kaplan, Eran (2005). <i>The Jewish Radical Right: Revisionist Zionism and its Ideological Legacy</i>. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 146, 204.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Radical+Right%3A+Revisionist+Zionism+and+its+Ideological+Legacy&rft.place=Madison%2C+WI&rft.pages=146%2C+204&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Eran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiovanni_Brizzi2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Giovanni Brizzi (2012). <i>Roma. Potere e identità: dalle origini alla nascita dell'impero cristiano</i> (in Italian). Patron. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-555-3153-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-555-3153-5"><bdi>978-88-555-3153-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roma.+Potere+e+identit%C3%A0%3A+dalle+origini+alla+nascita+dell%27impero+cristiano&rft.pub=Patron&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-88-555-3153-5&rft.au=Giovanni+Brizzi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923172942/http://www.arcaini.com/ITALY/ItalyHistory/OriginNameItaly.htm">"The Origins of the Name 'Italy'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Arcaini.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arcaini.com/ITALY/ItalyHistory/OriginNameItaly.htm">the original</a> on 2015-09-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+the+Name+%27Italy%27&rft.pub=Arcaini.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arcaini.com%2FITALY%2FItalyHistory%2FOriginNameItaly.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.passionforitaly.info/Articles/904.html">"History of Calabria - Passion For Italy"</a>. Passionforitaly.info<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Calabria+-+Passion+For+Italy&rft.pub=Passionforitaly.info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.passionforitaly.info%2FArticles%2F904.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301084437/http://www.bellevacanze.it/tourism/index.php?set_lang_id=en&view_contenuto=19">"+ nome +"</a>. Bellevacanze.it. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bellevacanze.it/tourism/index.php?set_lang_id=en&view_contenuto=19">the original</a> on 2016-03-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%2B+nome+%2B&rft.pub=Bellevacanze.it&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bellevacanze.it%2Ftourism%2Findex.php%3Fset_lang_id%3Den%26view_contenuto%3D19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5szMbqDSWg">"italian travel team Calabria - Italy Guide"</a>. YouTube. 2011-03-01. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/-5szMbqDSWg">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=italian+travel+team+Calabria+-+Italy+Guide&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2011-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D-5szMbqDSWg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://procopiocaterina.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/20104251023251.jpg">"Billboard image"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. Procopiocaterina.files.wordpress.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Billboard+image&rft.pub=Procopiocaterina.files.wordpress.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprocopiocaterina.files.wordpress.com%2F2011%2F11%2F20104251023251.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlà-Uhink2017" class="citation book cs1">Carlà-Uhink, Filippo (25 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dSY-DwAAQBAJ&q=Tota+Italia+essays&pg=PT454"><i>The "Birth" of Italy: The Institutionalization of Italy as a Region, 3rd–1st Century BCE</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-054478-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-054478-7"><bdi>978-3-11-054478-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+%22Birth%22+of+Italy%3A+The+Institutionalization+of+Italy+as+a+Region%2C+3rd%E2%80%931st+Century+BCE&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=2017-09-25&rft.isbn=978-3-11-054478-7&rft.aulast=Carl%C3%A0-Uhink&rft.aufirst=Filippo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdSY-DwAAQBAJ%26q%3DTota%2BItalia%2Bessays%26pg%3DPT454&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlà-Uhink2017" class="citation book cs1">Carlà-Uhink, Filippo (25 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dSY-DwAAQBAJ&q=cato+italy+south+of+the+Alps&pg=PT49"><i>The "Birth" of Italy: The Institutionalization of Italy as a Region, 3rd–1st Century BCE</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-054478-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-054478-7"><bdi>978-3-11-054478-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+%22Birth%22+of+Italy%3A+The+Institutionalization+of+Italy+as+a+Region%2C+3rd%E2%80%931st+Century+BCE&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=2017-09-25&rft.isbn=978-3-11-054478-7&rft.aulast=Carl%C3%A0-Uhink&rft.aufirst=Filippo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdSY-DwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dcato%2Bitaly%2Bsouth%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAlps%26pg%3DPT49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevene2010" class="citation book cs1">Levene, D. S. (17 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aLsRDAAAQBAJ&q=cato+walls+of+Italy&pg=PA108"><i>Livy on the Hannibalic War</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-815295-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-815295-8"><bdi>978-0-19-815295-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Livy+on+the+Hannibalic+War&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.isbn=978-0-19-815295-8&rft.aulast=Levene&rft.aufirst=D.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaLsRDAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dcato%2Bwalls%2Bof%2BItaly%26pg%3DPA108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pallottino, M., History of Earliest Italy, trans. Ryle, M & Soper, K. in Jerome Lectures, Seventeenth Series, p. 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2020" class="citation book cs1">Williams, J. H. C. (22 May 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522000630/https://books.google.it/books?id=RPj_FkEeVO4C&dq=beyond+the+Rubicon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI5YrC6rbkAhUvDmMBHXZOCMAQ6AEIKTAA"><i>Beyond the Rubicon: Romans and Gauls in Republican Italy - J. H. C. Williams - Google Books</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198153009" title="Special:BookSources/9780198153009"><bdi>9780198153009</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RPj_FkEeVO4C&q=beyond+the+Rubicon">the original</a> on 22 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beyond+the+Rubicon%3A+Romans+and+Gauls+in+Republican+Italy+-+J.+H.+C.+Williams+-+Google+Books&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020-05-22&rft.isbn=9780198153009&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=J.+H.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRPj_FkEeVO4C%26q%3Dbeyond%2Bthe%2BRubicon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DRR-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DRR_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLong1866" class="citation book cs1">Long, George (1866). <i>Decline of the Roman republic: Volume 2</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decline+of+the+Roman+republic%3A+Volume+2&rft.place=London&rft.date=1866&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCassius" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Dio" title="Cassius Dio">Cassius, Dio</a>. <i>Historia Romana</i>. Vol. 41. 36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+Romana&rft.pages=36&rft.aulast=Cassius&rft.aufirst=Dio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaffi1992" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Laffi, Umberto (1992). "La provincia della Gallia Cisalpina". <i>Athenaeum</i> (in Italian) (80): 5–23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Athenaeum&rft.atitle=La+provincia+della+Gallia+Cisalpina&rft.issue=80&rft.pages=5-23&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Laffi&rft.aufirst=Umberto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-au-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-au_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAurigemma" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Aurigemma, Salvatore. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/gallia-cisalpina_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/">"Gallia Cisalpina"</a>. <i>www.treccani.it</i> (in Italian). Enciclopedia Italiana<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.treccani.it&rft.atitle=Gallia+Cisalpina&rft.aulast=Aurigemma&rft.aufirst=Salvatore&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Fgallia-cisalpina_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalvatore_Cosentino2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Salvatore Cosentino (2008). <i>Storia dell'Italia bizantina (VI-XI secolo): da Giustiniano ai Normanni</i> (in Italian). Bononia University Press. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788873953609" title="Special:BookSources/9788873953609"><bdi>9788873953609</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Storia+dell%27Italia+bizantina+%28VI-XI+secolo%29%3A+da+Giustiniano+ai+Normanni&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Bononia+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9788873953609&rft.au=Salvatore+Cosentino&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AName+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Letters</i> 9.23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>ytaliiens</i> (1265) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/italien">TLFi</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181029191636/http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/italien">Archived</a> 29 October 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.homolaicus.com/storia/medioevo/comune_medievale.htm">Italian "Comuni"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120318214257/http://www.homolaicus.com/storia/medioevo/comune_medievale.htm">Archived</a> 2012-03-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yourguidetoitaly.com/origin-of-the-name-italy.html">Origin of the name "Italia"</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Names_of_European_states_and_territories" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Names_of_European_states_and_territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Names of European states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Armenia" title="Name of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Austria" title="Name of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Name of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Estonia" title="Name of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_France" title="Name of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Greece" title="Name of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Hungary" title="Name of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Lithuania" title="Name of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Romania" title="Name of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Sweden" title="Name of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Switzerland" title="Name of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Turkey" title="Name of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Ukraine" title="Name of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_%C3%85land" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_the_Faroe_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Jersey" title="Name of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italy_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italy_topics" title="Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italy_topics" title="Template talk:Italy topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italy_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italy_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Italy" title="Outline of Italy">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italy" title="History of Italy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Italian_history" title="Timeline of Italian history">Timeline of Italian history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_citizenship" title="History of Italian citizenship">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_coins_in_Italy" title="History of coins in Italy">Currency and coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Italy" title="Economic history of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion" title="History of Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_flags" title="List of Italian flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_Italy" title="Genetic history of Italy">Genetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_states_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic states of Italy">Historic states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Italy" title="History of the Jews in Italy">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Italy" title="LGBT history in Italy">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy" title="Military history of Italy">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_history_of_Italy" title="Music history of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Italy" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Italy">Postage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_Italy" title="History of rail transport in Italy">Railways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Prehistory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Italy" title="Prehistoric Italy">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Italy" title="Neolithic Italy">Neolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villanovan_culture" title="Villanovan culture">Villanovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terramare_culture" title="Terramare culture">Terramare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinaldone_culture" title="Rinaldone culture">Rinaldone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_culture" title="Apennine culture">Apennine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuragic_civilization" title="Nuragic civilization">Nuragic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golasecca_culture" title="Golasecca culture">Golasecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canegrate_culture" title="Canegrate culture">Canegrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latial_culture" title="Latial culture">Latial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_peoples_of_Italy" title="List of ancient peoples of Italy">Ancient peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italic_peoples" title="Italic peoples">Italic peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latins_(Italic_tribe)" title="Latins (Italic tribe)">Latins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osci" title="Osci">Osci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picentes" title="Picentes">Picentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samnites" title="Samnites">Samnites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbri" title="Umbri">Umbri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Veneti" title="Adriatic Veneti">Veneti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapians" title="Messapians">Messapians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Kingdom" title="Roman Kingdom">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_expansion_in_Italy" title="Roman expansion in Italy">Roman conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Empire</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Middle Ages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Italy in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> <ul><li>Italy under <a href="/wiki/Odoacer#King_of_Italy" title="Odoacer">Odoacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogoths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Italy" title="Byzantine Italy">Byzantium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">the Holy Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_medieval_kingdoms" title="Sardinian medieval kingdoms">the Sardinian Judicates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam_in_southern_Italy" title="History of Islam in southern Italy">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy" title="Norman conquest of southern Italy">Normans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">Guelphs and Ghibellines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_League" title="Lombard League">Lombard League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sicilian_Vespers" title="War of the Sicilian Vespers">War of the Sicilian Vespers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Early modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_city-states" title="Italian city-states">Italian city-states</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Siena" title="Republic of Siena">Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_republics" title="Maritime republics">Maritime republics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Amalfi" title="Duchy of Amalfi">Amalfi</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Duchy of Savoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance" title="Italian Renaissance">Renaissance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Wars" title="Italian Wars">Italian Wars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_early_modern_Italy" title="History of early modern Italy">Early Modern period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Napoleonic Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Late modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">Unification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="First Italian War of Independence">First War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Second Italian War of Independence">Second War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A7ard_exodus" title="Niçard exodus">Niçard exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy">Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Rome" title="Capture of Rome">Capture of Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Monarchy and the World Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Colonial Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_I" title="Military history of Italy during World War I">World War I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Italian entry into World War I">Fourth War of Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy" title="Fascist Italy">Fascist Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Fascist_regime_in_Italy" title="Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy">Fall of the Fascist regime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_resistance_movement" title="Italian resistance movement">Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Social Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Civil_War" title="Italian Civil War">Civil War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="History of the Italian Republic">Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1946_Italian_institutional_referendum" title="1946 Italian institutional referendum">Institutional referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian%E2%80%93Dalmatian_exodus" title="Istrian–Dalmatian exodus">Istrian–Dalmatian exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_economic_miracle" title="Italian economic miracle">Economic Boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxi_Trial" title="Maxi Trial">Maxi Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mani_pulite" title="Mani pulite">Mani pulite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">Coronavirus pandemic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Italy" title="Geography of Italy">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italian geographical region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Italy" title="Climate of Italy">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Italy" title="Climate change in Italy">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Italy" title="Geology of Italy">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Italy" title="Fauna of Italy">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Italy" title="Flora of Italy">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Italy" title="List of mountains in Italy">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_foothills" title="Alpine foothills">Prealps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanism_of_Italy" title="Volcanism of Italy">Volcanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Italy" title="List of volcanoes in Italy">Volcanoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Italy" title="List of beaches in Italy">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_canals_in_Italy" title="List of canals in Italy">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_Italy" title="List of caves in Italy">Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Italy" title="List of earthquakes in Italy">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Italy" title="List of islands of Italy">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Italy" title="List of lakes of Italy">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marine_Protected_Areas_of_Italy" title="List of Marine Protected Areas of Italy">Marine protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Italy" title="List of national parks of Italy">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regional_parks_of_Italy" title="List of regional parks of Italy">Regional parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Italy" title="List of rivers of Italy">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_of_Italy" title="List of valleys of Italy">Valleys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Italy" title="Politics of Italy">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy" title="Constitution of Italy">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Italy" title="Elections in Italy">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Italy" title="Foreign relations of Italy">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Italy" title="Human rights in Italy">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Italy">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Italy" title="Judiciary of Italy">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Italy" title="Law of Italy">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Italy" title="Law enforcement in Italy">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Armed_Forces" title="Italian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_nationality_law" title="Italian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Italy" title="List of political parties in Italy">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Italy" title="List of presidents of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Italy" title="List of prime ministers of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Italy)" title="Council of Ministers (Italy)">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_cities_of_Italy" title="Metropolitan cities of Italy">Metropolitan cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Italy" title="List of cities in Italy">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Italy" title="List of municipalities of Italy">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_intelligence_agencies" title="Italian intelligence agencies">Security and intelligence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Italian regions by GDP">Italian regions by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Italy" title="Agriculture in Italy">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Italy" title="Automotive industry in Italy">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Italy" title="Banking in Italy">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Italy" title="List of banks in Italy">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Italy" title="Bank of Italy">Central Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_brands" title="List of Italian brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Italy" title="List of companies of Italy">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Italy" title="Energy in Italy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Italy" title="List of exports of Italy">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Italy" title="Science and technology in Italy">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_question" title="Southern question">Southern question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borsa_Italiana" title="Borsa Italiana">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Italy" title="Taxation in Italy">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Italy" title="Telecommunications in Italy">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Italy" title="Tourism in Italy">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_Italy" title="List of trade unions in Italy">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Italy" title="Transport in Italy">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Italy" title="List of airports in Italy">air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Italy" title="Rail transport in Italy">rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Italy" title="Roads in Italy">road</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_welfare_state" title="Italian welfare state">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Italy" title="Category:Society of Italy">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobility of Italy">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Italy" title="Censorship in Italy">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Italy" title="Corruption in Italy">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Italy" title="Crime in Italy">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Italy" title="Demographics of Italy">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Italy" title="Education in Italy">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_diaspora" title="Italian diaspora">Emigration and diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Italy" title="Gambling in Italy">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Italy" title="Health in Italy">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Italy" title="Healthcare in Italy">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Italy" title="Immigration to Italy">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Italian inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Italy" title="List of people from Italy">People</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Italy" title="Languages of Italy">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Italian" title="Regional Italian">Regional</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_provinces_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Italian provinces by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Italy" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Italy">Orders, decorations, and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Italy" title="Poverty in Italy">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Italy" title="Prostitution in Italy">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_public_administration" title="Italian public administration">Public administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_Italy" title="Racism in Italy">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_Italy" title="Social class in Italy">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Italy" title="Terrorism in Italy">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Italy" title="Water supply and sanitation in Italy">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Italy" title="Women in Italy">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Italy" title="Culture of Italy">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duecento" title="Duecento">Duecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trecento" title="Trecento">Trecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattrocento" title="Quattrocento">Quattrocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinquecento" title="Cinquecento">Cinquecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seicento" title="Seicento">Seicento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_culture_(1700s)" title="History of Italian culture (1700s)">Settecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Neoclassical_and_19th-century_art" title="Italian Neoclassical and 19th-century art">Ottocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Canto_degli_Italiani" title="Il Canto degli Italiani">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Italy">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_art" title="Italian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Italy" title="List of castles in Italy">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cathedrals_in_Italy" title="List of cathedrals in Italy">Cathedrals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Italy" title="Emblem of Italy">Coat of arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_design" title="Italian design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fashion" title="Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Italy" title="Folklore of Italy">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gardens_in_Italy" title="List of gardens in Italy">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Italy" title="Internet in Italy">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italophilia" title="Italophilia">Italophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Italy" title="List of libraries in Italy">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_literature" title="Italian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Italy" title="Mass media in Italy">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Italy" title="List of museums in Italy">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Italy" title="Music of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythology_of_Italy" title="Mythology of Italy">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces_in_Italy" title="List of palaces in Italy">Palaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_philosophy" title="Italian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Italy" title="Public holidays in Italy">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Italy" title="Sport in Italy">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Italy" title="Television in Italy">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Italy" title="Theatre of Italy">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_Italy" title="Traditions of Italy">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Italy" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Italy">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/16px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/24px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Italy" title="Category:Italy">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&oldid=1246910199">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&oldid=1246910199</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Italy" title="Category:History of Italy">History of Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Country_name_etymology" title="Category:Country name etymology">Country name etymology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)">CS1 Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:Articles with Italian-language sources (it)">Articles with Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 September 2024, at 20:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Name_of_Italy&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-694cf4987f-btq56","wgBackendResponseTime":185,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.706","walltime":"0.827","ppvisitednodes":{"value":13929,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":151383,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8764,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":162027,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 689.512 1 -total"," 32.59% 224.695 1 Template:Reflist"," 21.73% 149.827 1 Template:Europe_topic"," 21.24% 146.431 1 Template:Navbox"," 15.97% 110.134 49 Template:Iso2country"," 13.62% 93.904 1 Template:History_of_Italy"," 13.39% 92.325 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 13.18% 90.870 18 Template:Cite_web"," 11.19% 77.152 1 Template:Lang"," 8.14% 56.125 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.336","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17187156,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-2x7bg","timestamp":"20241125144245","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Name of Italy","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Name_of_Italy","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1121889","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1121889","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-08-16T21:22:09Z","dateModified":"2024-09-21T20:08:52Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/75\/1839_Monin_Map_of_Ancienne_Italy_Atlas_Universel_de_G%C3%A9ographie_Ancienne_and_Moderne.jpg","headline":"overview of the name of Italy"}</script> </body> </html>