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Afifi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Magdy"> Ahmed Magdy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Satellite monitoring is an essential tool to study, understand, and map large-scale environmental changes that affect humans, climate, and biodiversity. The Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument provides a high collection of data in all-weather, short revisit time, and high spatial resolution that can be used effectively in flood management. Floods occur when an overflow of water submerges dry land that requires to be distinguished from flooded areas. In this study, we use global flood mapper (GFM), a new google earth engine application that allows users to quickly map floods using Sentinel-1 SAR. The GFM enables the users to adjust manually the flood map parameters, e.g., the threshold for Z-value for VV and VH bands and the elevation and slope mask threshold. The composite R:G:B image results by coupling the bands of Sentinel-1 (VH:VV:VH) reduces false classification to a large extent compared to using one separate band (e.g., VH polarization band). The flood mapping algorithm in the GFM and the Otsu thresholding are compared with Sentinel-2 optical data. And the results show that the GFM algorithm can overcome the misclassification of a flooded area in An Giang, Vietnam. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAR%20backscattering" title="SAR backscattering">SAR backscattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sentinel-1" title=" Sentinel-1"> Sentinel-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20mapping" title=" flood mapping"> flood mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster" title=" disaster"> disaster</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160125/flood-monitoring-in-the-vietnamese-mekong-delta-using-sentinel-1-sar-with-global-flood-mapper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5384</span> Flood Hazard Impact Based on Simulation Model of Potential Flood Inundation in Lamong River, Gresik Regency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunita%20Ratih%20Wijayanti">Yunita Ratih Wijayanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dwi%20Rahmawati"> Dwi Rahmawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turniningtyas%20Ayu%20Rahmawati"> Turniningtyas Ayu Rahmawati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gresik is one of the districts in East Java Province, Indonesia. Gresik Regency has three major rivers, namely Bengawan Solo River, Brantas River, and Lamong River. Lamong River is a tributary of Bengawan Solo River. Flood disasters that occur in Gresik Regency are often caused by the overflow of the Lamong River. The losses caused by the flood were very large and certainly detrimental to the affected people. Therefore, to be able to minimize the impact caused by the flood, it is necessary to take preventive action. However, before taking preventive action, it is necessary to have information regarding potential inundation areas and water levels at various points. For this reason, a flood simulation model is needed. In this study, the simulation was carried out using the Geographic Information System (GIS) method with the help of Global Mapper software. The approach used in this simulation is to use a topographical approach with Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) data. DEMs data have been widely used for various researches to analyze hydrology. The results obtained from this flood simulation are the distribution of flood inundation and water level. The location of the inundation serves to determine the extent of the flooding that occurs by referring to the 50-100 year flood plan, while the water level serves to provide early warning information. Both will be very useful to find out how much loss will be caused in the future due to flooding in Gresik Regency so that the Gresik Regency Regional Disaster Management Agency can take precautions before the flood disaster strikes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20hazard" title="flood hazard">flood hazard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20model" title=" simulation model"> simulation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential%20inundation" title=" potential inundation"> potential inundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20mapper" title=" global mapper"> global mapper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gresik%20Regency" title=" Gresik Regency"> Gresik Regency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155596/flood-hazard-impact-based-on-simulation-model-of-potential-flood-inundation-in-lamong-river-gresik-regency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5383</span> Extraction of Urban Land Features from TM Landsat Image Using the Land Features Index and Tasseled Cap Transformation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Bouhennache">R. Bouhennache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Bouden"> T. Bouden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Taleb"> A. A. Taleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Chaddad"> A. Chaddad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we propose a method to map the urban areas. The method uses an arithmetic calculation processed from the land features indexes and Tasseled cap transformation TC of multi spectral Thematic Mapper Landsat TM image. For this purpose the derived indexes image from the original image such SAVI the soil adjusted vegetation index, UI the urban Index, and EBBI the enhanced built up and bareness index were staked to form a new image and the bands were uncorrelated, also the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) supervised classification approaches were first applied on the new image TM data using the reference spectra of the spectral library and subsequently the four urban, vegetation, water and soil land cover categories were extracted with their accuracy assessment.The urban features were represented using a logic calculation applied to the brightness, UI-SAVI, NDBI-greenness and EBBI- brightness data sets. The study applied to Blida and mentioned that the urban features can be mapped with an accuracy ranging from 92 % to 95%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EBBI" title="EBBI">EBBI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAVI" title=" SAVI"> SAVI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tasseled%20Cap%20Transformation" title=" Tasseled Cap Transformation"> Tasseled Cap Transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UI" title=" UI"> UI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33037/extraction-of-urban-land-features-from-tm-landsat-image-using-the-land-features-index-and-tasseled-cap-transformation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5382</span> Reﬂectance Imaging Spectroscopy Data (Hyperspectral) for Mineral Mapping in the Orientale Basin Region on the Moon Surface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Sivakumar">V. Sivakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Neelakantan"> R. Neelakantan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mineral mapping on the Moon surface provides the clue to understand the origin, evolution, stratigraphy and geological history of the Moon. Recently, reflectance imaging spectroscopy plays a significant role in identifying minerals on the planetary surface in the Visible to NIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) onboard Chandrayaan-1 provides unprecedented spectral data of lunar surface to study about the Moon surface. Here we used the M3 sensor data (hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy) for analysing mineralogy of Orientale basin region on the Moon surface. Reflectance spectrums were sampled from different locations of the basin and continuum was removed using ENvironment for Visualizing Images (ENVI) software. Reflectance spectra of unknown mineral composition were compared with known Reflectance Experiment Laboratory (RELAB) spectra for discriminating mineralogy. Minerals like olivine, Low-Ca Pyroxene (LCP), High-Ca Pyroxene (HCP) and plagioclase were identified. In addition to these minerals, an unusual type of spectral signature was identified, which indicates the probable Fe-Mg-spinel lithology in the basin region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chandryaan-1" title="chandryaan-1">chandryaan-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moon%20mineralogy%20mapper" title=" moon mineralogy mapper"> moon mineralogy mapper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral" title=" mineral"> mineral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mare%20orientale" title=" mare orientale"> mare orientale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moon" title=" moon"> moon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38068/reflectance-imaging-spectroscopy-data-hyperspectral-for-mineral-mapping-in-the-orientale-basin-region-on-the-moon-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5381</span> Estimating Air Particulate Matter 10 Using Satellite Data and Analyzing Its Annual Temporal Pattern over Gaza Strip, Palestine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%D9%90Abdallah%20A.%20A.%20Shaheen">ِAbdallah A. A. Shaheen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gaza Strip faces economic and political issues such as conflict, siege and urbanization; all these have led to an increase in the air pollution over Gaza Strip. In this study, Particulate matter 10 (PM10) concentration over Gaza Strip has been estimated by Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data, based on a multispectral algorithm. Simultaneously, in-situ measurements for the corresponding particulate are acquired for selected time period. Landsat and ground data for eleven years are used to develop the algorithm while four years data (2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014) have been used to validate the results of algorithm. The developed algorithm gives highest regression, R coefficient value i.e. 0.86; RMSE value as 9.71 µg/m³; P values as 0. Average validation of algorithm show that calculated PM10 strongly correlates with measured PM10, indicating high efficiency of algorithm for the mapping of PM10 concentration during the years 2000 to 2014. Overall results show increase in minimum, maximum and average yearly PM10 concentrations, also presents similar trend over urban area. The rate of urbanization has been evaluated by supervised classification of the Landsat image. Urban sprawl from year 2000 to 2014 results in a high concentration of PM10 in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM10" title="PM10">PM10</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landsat" title=" landsat"> landsat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20reflectance" title=" atmospheric reflectance"> atmospheric reflectance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaza%20strip" title=" Gaza strip"> Gaza strip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization "> urbanization </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69422/estimating-air-particulate-matter-10-using-satellite-data-and-analyzing-its-annual-temporal-pattern-over-gaza-strip-palestine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5380</span> Multi-Temporal Urban Land Cover Mapping Using Spectral Indices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mst%20Ilme%20Faridatul">Mst Ilme Faridatul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Wu"> Bo Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multi-temporal urban land cover mapping is of paramount importance for monitoring urban sprawl and managing the ecological environment. For diversified urban activities, it is challenging to map land covers in a complex urban environment. Spectral indices have proved to be effective for mapping urban land covers. To improve multi-temporal urban land cover classification and mapping, we evaluate the performance of three spectral indices, e.g. modified normalized difference bare-land index (MNDBI), tasseled cap water and vegetation index (TCWVI) and shadow index (ShDI). The MNDBI is developed to evaluate its performance of enhancing urban impervious areas by separating bare lands. A tasseled cap index, TCWVI is developed to evaluate its competence to detect vegetation and water simultaneously. The ShDI is developed to maximize the spectral difference between shadows of skyscrapers and water and enhance water detection. First, this paper presents a comparative analysis of three spectral indices using Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM), Thematic Mapper (TM) and Operational Land Imager (OLI) data. Second, optimized thresholds of the spectral indices are imputed to classify land covers, and finally, their performance of enhancing multi-temporal urban land cover mapping is assessed. The results indicate that the spectral indices are competent to enhance multi-temporal urban land cover mapping and achieves an overall classification accuracy of 93-96%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20cover" title="land cover">land cover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mapping" title=" mapping"> mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-temporal" title=" multi-temporal"> multi-temporal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20indices" title=" spectral indices"> spectral indices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103491/multi-temporal-urban-land-cover-mapping-using-spectral-indices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103491.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5379</span> 'Internationalization': Discussing the Ethics of the Global North Developing Social Work Courses for the Global South</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Goitom">Mary Goitom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Liegghio"> Maria Liegghio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we critically explore the ethics of Schools of Social Work from the global North developing courses for programs within the Global South. In it, we discuss our experiences of partnering with the University of Guyana to develop and teach graduate courses in a newly formed Masters of Social Work program. Under the umbrella of our university’s goal for 'internationalization', that is, developing and establishing global and local collaborations for teaching, research and scholarship, we bring into question whether a new form of academic imperialism is occurring under the guise of global citizenship and social justice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20imperialism" title="academic imperialism">academic imperialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20north%20and%20south" title=" global north and south"> global north and south</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internationalization" title=" internationalization"> internationalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20work%20education" title=" social work education"> social work education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59550/internationalization-discussing-the-ethics-of-the-global-north-developing-social-work-courses-for-the-global-south" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59550.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5378</span> Global Communication: Trends and Impact of Unbalanced Information in Nigerian Society</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uchenna%20Patricia%20Ekwugha">Uchenna Patricia Ekwugha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cornelius%20Aghadiegwu%20Ukwueze"> Cornelius Aghadiegwu Ukwueze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global communication has changed life at the international scene affecting on the whole social, cultural and political life of individuals in a global community. It has brought about a changing trend in the field of communication and allowed people to learn, create and process information through mainline media and new media technologies. The paper debates that music is an integral form of global communication that cannot be overlooked because it is a beautiful and powerful tool in relating information to the people which they gladly imbibe. It is worrisome that through global communication there has been consistent clash of values on information’s disseminated to the global community of which the developing countries like Nigerians are the sufferers. Particularly involved in this vicious social dogma are the Nigerian youths, who learn defiant behaviour through global communication and lose touch of African cultural values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20communication" title="global communication">global communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trends" title=" trends"> trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact" title=" impact"> impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unbalanced%20information" title=" unbalanced information"> unbalanced information</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10227/global-communication-trends-and-impact-of-unbalanced-information-in-nigerian-society" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5377</span> Global Collaboration During Global Crisis a Response to Rigorous Field Education in Social Work</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Gerritsen-McKane">Ruth Gerritsen-McKane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mimi%20Sodhi"> Mimi Sodhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Gray"> Lisa Gray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Donette%20Considine"> Donette Considine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henry%20Kronner"> Henry Kronner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tameca%20Harris-Jackson"> Tameca Harris-Jackson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During these extraordinary times amid a global pandemic, political/civil unrest, and natural disasters, the need for appropriately trained professional social workers has never been stronger. Needs do not diminish but are heightened during such remarkable times. All too often, “developed” countries see the crisis in developing countries as uniquely theirs; 2020 has shown, there are no “others”; there is only us. Consequently, engaging in meaningful collaboration worldwide is essential! This presentation speaks to the fundamentals of global collaboration and, more importantly, how an in these trying times, the development of strong international partnerships can create opportunities for social work students across the planet to engage in meaningful field education opportunities. Accomplished by multiple modalities, a deeper understanding and response to social work students becoming formidable global citizens can be achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20citizens" title="global citizens">global citizens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20crisis" title=" global crisis"> global crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20collaboration" title=" global collaboration"> global collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modalities" title=" modalities"> modalities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134517/global-collaboration-during-global-crisis-a-response-to-rigorous-field-education-in-social-work" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5376</span> Sukūk Markets 2023: A Global Perspective on Growth and Adaptability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulamjid%20Obaid%20Hasan%20Saleh">Abdulamjid Obaid Hasan Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Younes%20Soualhi"> Younes Soualhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the performance of the global Ṣukūk markets in 2023, focusing on their significance within the global financial ecosystem amidst complex economic challenges. The research highlights the modest annual growth of the total outstanding Ṣukūk value, which reached USD 850 billion by the end of the year, representing a 2.45% increase. However, it also identifies a 3.25% decline in new issuances compared to 2022, attributed to factors such as elevated oil prices, rising global interest rates, and heightened geopolitical tensions. Utilizing a descriptive and analytical methodology, the study compares the resilience of the Ṣukūk market with global bond markets, which experienced a sharp 17% drop in new issuances by the third quarter of 2023. The findings underscore the strategic positioning of Ṣukūk as a stable and competitive alternative within the global financial landscape. The study concludes by discussing potential avenues for growth and resilience in Ṣukūk markets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E1%B9%A2uk%C5%ABk%20market" title="Ṣukūk market">Ṣukūk market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20Sukuk" title=" global Sukuk"> global Sukuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title=" resilience"> resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20bond%20market" title=" global bond market"> global bond market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195902/sukuk-markets-2023-a-global-perspective-on-growth-and-adaptability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5375</span> Evaluation of a Surrogate Based Method for Global Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Lindstr%C3%B6m">David Lindström</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We evaluate the performance of a numerical method for global optimization of expensive functions. The method is using a response surface to guide the search for the global optimum. This metamodel could be based on radial basis functions, kriging, or a combination of different models. We discuss how to set the cycling parameters of the optimization method to get a balance between local and global search. We also discuss the eventual problem with Runge oscillations in the response surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expensive%20function" title="expensive function">expensive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infill%20sampling%20criterion" title=" infill sampling criterion"> infill sampling criterion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kriging" title=" kriging"> kriging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20optimization" title=" global optimization"> global optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface" title=" response surface"> response surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Runge%20phenomenon" title=" Runge phenomenon"> Runge phenomenon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24538/evaluation-of-a-surrogate-based-method-for-global-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">583</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5374</span> The Effect of Global Value Chain Participation on Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piyaphan%20Changwatchai">Piyaphan Changwatchai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global value chain is important for current world economy through foreign direct investment. Multinational enterprises' efficient location seeking for each stage of production lead to global production network and more global value chain participation of several countries. Global value chain participation has several effects on participating countries in several aspects including the environment. The effect of global value chain participation on the environment is ambiguous. As a result, this research aims to study the effect of global value chain participation on countries' CO₂ emission and methane emission by using quantitative analysis with secondary panel data of sixty countries. The analysis is divided into two types of global value chain participation, which are forward global value chain participation and backward global value chain participation. The results show that, for forward global value chain participation, GDP per capita affects two types of pollutants in downward bell curve shape. Forward global value chain participation negatively affects CO₂ emission and methane emission. As for backward global value chain participation, GDP per capita affects two types of pollutants in downward bell curve shape. Backward global value chain participation negatively affects methane emission only. However, when considering Asian countries, forward global value chain participation positively affects CO₂ emission. The recommendations of this research are that countries participating in global value chain should promote production with effective environmental management in each stage of value chain. The examples of policies are providing incentives to private sectors, including domestic producers and MNEs, for green production technology and efficient environment management and engaging in international agreements in terms of green production. Furthermore, government should regulate each stage of production in value chain toward green production, especially for Asia countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20emission" title="CO₂ emission">CO₂ emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20value%20chain%20participation" title=" global value chain participation"> global value chain participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane%20emission" title=" methane emission"> methane emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86948/the-effect-of-global-value-chain-participation-on-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5373</span> Contemporary Global Urban Scenarios: An Essay on Urban Insurgencies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clovis%20Ultramari">Clovis Ultramari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidia%20Floriani"> Lidia Floriani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debora%20Cicioli"> Debora Cicioli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is a preliminary discussion on the constituency of contemporary global urban scenarios. It is based on secondary sources, mostly from the topics mostly currently discussed by global studies institutes, academic material on the possible components of this phenomenon, and a list of possible scenarios preliminarily proposed by these authors. It also discusses one of these possible scenarios (urban insurgencies) through the lens of a global perspective. Main objective of the research presented in this paper is to produce insights for international aid and development agencies as well as to respond to an increasing interest in the urban studies field in discussing global topics. This paper also results from discussions held in seminars offered by the authors in the graduate program of Urban Management along 2021 and 2022. It is part of a research project that puts together an international team of researches, mostly from the Global South. Results so far obtained refer to conceptual aspects for the determination of global urban scenarios and the presentation of urban insurgencies as worldwide trending urban phenomenon. Presentation in the seminar is part of an ongoing discussion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20global%20scenarios" title="urban global scenarios">urban global scenarios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contemporary%20cities" title=" contemporary cities"> contemporary cities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20south" title=" global south"> global south</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20insurgencies" title=" urban insurgencies"> urban insurgencies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150959/contemporary-global-urban-scenarios-an-essay-on-urban-insurgencies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5372</span> Planning Sustainable Urban Communities through Nature-Based Solutions: Perspectives from the Global South</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nike%20Jacobs">Nike Jacobs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elizelle%20Juanee%20Cilliers"> Elizelle Juanee Cilliers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent decades there has been an increasing strive towards broader sustainable planning practices. A wide range of literature suggests that nature-based solutions (including Green Infrastructure planning) may lead towards socio-economically and environmentally sustainable urban communities. Such research is however mainly based on practices from the Global North with very little reference to the Global South. This study argues that there is a need for Global North knowledge to be translated to Global South context, and interpreted within this unique environment, acknowledging historical and cultural differences between Global North and Global South, and ultimately providing unique solutions for the unique urban reality. This research primarily focuses on nature-based solutions for sustainable urban communities and considers a broad literature review on Global North knowledge regarding such, substantiated by an analysis of purposefully selected case studies. The investigation identifies best practices which could be translated and place such in the context of current Global South perspectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20south" title="global south">global south</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20infrastructure%20planning" title=" green infrastructure planning"> green infrastructure planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nature-based%20solutions" title=" nature-based solutions"> nature-based solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urbanism" title=" sustainable urbanism"> sustainable urbanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20sustainability" title=" urban sustainability"> urban sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75984/planning-sustainable-urban-communities-through-nature-based-solutions-perspectives-from-the-global-south" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5371</span> Integrated Framework for Establishing Born-Global Firms in Sub-Saharan Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nonso%20Ochinanwata">Nonso Ochinanwata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Oseloka%20Ezepue"> Patrick Oseloka Ezepue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the process of creating and capturing born-global firm opportunities. It reviews the key constructs that underpin the establishment of born-global firms in sub-Saharan Africa. These include entrepreneurial orientation, resources and capabilities, collaboration, and contextual influences. The paper discusses how individuals and entrepreneurs in sub-Saharan Africa can establish home-based born-global firms that seek early international markets from inception. The paper suggests that sub-Saharan African governments should make a favourable microeconomics policy that will enable entrepreneurs and firms to acquire some certain minimal resources and capabilities, in order to develop global products and services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=born%20global-firms" title="born global-firms">born global-firms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration" title=" collaboration"> collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internationalisation" title=" internationalisation"> internationalisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20capabilities" title=" dynamic capabilities"> dynamic capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title=" entrepreneurship"> entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-Saharan%20Africa" title=" sub-Saharan Africa"> sub-Saharan Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55828/integrated-framework-for-establishing-born-global-firms-in-sub-saharan-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5370</span> A Comparative Study of Global Power Grids and Global Fossil Energy Pipelines Using GIS Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenhao%20Wang">Wenhao Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinzhi%20Xu"> Xinzhi Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Limin%20Feng"> Limin Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Cong"> Wei Cong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper comprehensively investigates current development status of global power grids and fossil energy pipelines (oil and natural gas), proposes a standard visual platform of global power and fossil energy based on Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. In this visual platform, a series of systematic visual models is proposed with global spatial data, systematic energy and power parameters. Under this visual platform, the current Global Power Grids Map and Global Fossil Energy Pipelines Map are plotted within more than 140 countries and regions across the world. Using the multi-scale fusion data processing and modeling methods, the world’s global fossil energy pipelines and power grids information system basic database is established, which provides important data supporting global fossil energy and electricity research. Finally, through the systematic and comparative study of global fossil energy pipelines and global power grids, the general status of global fossil energy and electricity development are reviewed, and energy transition in key areas are evaluated and analyzed. Through the comparison analysis of fossil energy and clean energy, the direction of relevant research is pointed out for clean development and energy transition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20transition" title="energy transition">energy transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fossil%20energy" title=" fossil energy"> fossil energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20systems" title=" power systems"> power systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120933/a-comparative-study-of-global-power-grids-and-global-fossil-energy-pipelines-using-gis-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120933.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5369</span> Case Studies of Educational Technology Integration for Global Citizenship Development among Teacher Candidates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erik%20Jon%20Byker">Erik Jon Byker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Government leaders and education policymakers have increasingly focused on ways that teachers can better prepare children for life in a global society. Such preparation includes the development of global citizenship among young people. Yet, scholars point out that many elementary school educators and teacher candidates have limited awareness of being global citizens in an interdependent world. More and more teacher preparation programs aim to integrate global citizenship in their program plans and use educational technology to help develop global citizenship. Many non-governmental organizations (NGOs), like the Asia Society and Partnership for 21st Century Skills, have led the way in creating global citizenship frameworks that prepare teachers and students with global competencies. The development of global citizenship among teachers needs to begin even before teachers sign their first contract. Global citizenship development should start when teacher candidates are being prepared to teach. Using the Critical Cosmopolitan Theory as a conceptual lens, this paper examines the integration of global citizenship curricula in teacher education programs in North Carolina and Texas in the United States of America. Using a case study methodology, the paper describes and compares the teacher candidates’ (n=136) perceptions of the global citizenship curricula delivered with the aid of educational technology. The study found that after participating in the global citizenship curricula, participants: (1) made conceptual leaps in their global citizenship definitions; (2) developed a stronger commitment for their future role as educators in developing global citizens; and (3) were more willing to take action for social justice-related issues in education. In sum, this paper discusses empirical findings related to the ways to integrate educational technology in preparing globally competent teachers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20technology" title="educational technology">educational technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20education" title=" global education"> global education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20awareness" title=" intercultural awareness"> intercultural awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20candidates" title=" teacher candidates"> teacher candidates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130287/case-studies-of-educational-technology-integration-for-global-citizenship-development-among-teacher-candidates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5368</span> Population Dynamics and Land Use/Land Cover Change on the Chilalo-Galama Mountain Range, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Jundi%20Sado">Yusuf Jundi Sado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Changes in land use are mostly credited to human actions that result in negative impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of land use and land cover changes for sustainable natural resources planning and management. Chilalo-Galama Mountain Range, Ethiopia. This study used Thematic Mapper 05 (TM) for 1986, 2001 and Landsat 8 (OLI) data 2017. Additionally, data from the Central Statistics Agency on human population growth were analyzed. Semi-Automatic classification plugin (SCP) in QGIS 3.2.3 software was used for image classification. Global positioning system, field observations and focus group discussions were used for ground verification. Land Use Land Cover (LU/LC) change analysis was using maximum likelihood supervised classification and changes were calculated for the 1986–2001 and the 2001–2017 and 1986-2017 periods. The results show that agricultural land increased from 27.85% (1986) to 44.43% and 51.32% in 2001 and 2017, respectively with the overall accuracies of 92% (1986), 90.36% (2001), and 88% (2017). On the other hand, forests decreased from 8.51% (1986) to 7.64 (2001) and 4.46% (2017), and grassland decreased from 37.47% (1986) to 15.22%, and 15.01% in 2001 and 2017, respectively. It indicates for the years 1986–2017 the largest area cover gain of agricultural land was obtained from grassland. The matrix also shows that shrubland gained land from agricultural land, afro-alpine, and forest land. Population dynamics is found to be one of the major driving forces for the LU/LU changes in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Landsat" title="Landsat">Landsat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LU%2FLC%20change" title=" LU/LC change"> LU/LC change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semi-Automatic%20classification%20plugin" title=" Semi-Automatic classification plugin"> Semi-Automatic classification plugin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20dynamics" title=" population dynamics"> population dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154607/population-dynamics-and-land-useland-cover-change-on-the-chilalo-galama-mountain-range-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5367</span> Drivers, Patterns and Economic Consequences of Cities’ Globalization </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20Ushakov">Denis Ushakov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities are the main actors of global production and trade, and dominant share of international business activity is now concentrating within a frame of global urban net. This trend transforms mechanisms and patterns of market economy institutes’ (such as competition, division of labor, international movement of capital and labor force) functioning; stimulates an appearance of new economical (development of rural areas), social (urbanization) and political (political and economical unity of the big countries) problems. All these reasons identified relevance and importance of purpose of this study – to consider a modern role of cities’ business systems in the global economy, to identify sources for global urban competitive advantages, to clear inter-cities economic relationships and patterns of cities’ positioning within a frame of global net. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title="globalization">globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20business%20system" title=" urban business system"> urban business system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20city" title=" global city"> global city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transnationalization" title=" transnationalization"> transnationalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=networking" title=" networking"> networking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9142/drivers-patterns-and-economic-consequences-of-cities-globalization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5366</span> Towards the Concept of Global Health Nursing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuruddeen%20Abubakar%20Adamu">Nuruddeen Abubakar Adamu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Global health nursing describes health-related work across borders and focuses more on the differences between the nurses’ role between countries and identified why nursing care in particular country differs from another. It also helps in analyzing the health issues and concerns that transcend national borders class, race, ethnicity and culture. The primary objective of this study is to introduce the concept of global health nursing. And the article also argues for the need for global health nursing. Methods This review assesses available evidence, both published and unpublished, on issues relating to the global health nursing and the nurse's role in global health. The review is qualitative based. Results: Globalization, modern technologies, travel, migration and changes in diseases trend globally has made the nursing role to become more diverse and less traditional. These issues change the nurse’s role in the healthcare industry to become enormous and very challenging. This article considers response to issues of emerging global health nursing concept, challenges, purposes, global health nursing activities in both developed and developing countries and the nurse's role globally in maternal-newborn health; preparedness for advocacy in global health within a framework of social justice, equity; and health system strengthening globally. Conclusion: Global health nursing goes beyond the intervention to care for a patient with a particular health problem but, however health is interconnected to political, economic and social context and therefore this explains the need of a multi-professional and multi-sectoral approach to achieve the goal of global health and the need for global health nursing. Global health equity can be promoted and if the profile of nursing and nurses will be raised and enable nurses to be aware of global health issues so as to enable them to work to their full maximum potential, to attain greater health outcome and wellness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20health%20nursing" title="global health nursing">global health nursing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20burden%20of%20diseases" title=" double burden of diseases"> double burden of diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title=" globalization"> globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20equity" title=" health equity"> health equity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92528/towards-the-concept-of-global-health-nursing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5365</span> Digital Media Market, Multimedia, and Computer Graphic Analysis Amidst Fluctuating Global and Local Scale Economy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Essang%20Anwana%20Onuntuei">Essang Anwana Onuntuei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinyere%20Blessing%20Azunwoke"> Chinyere Blessing Azunwoke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study centred on investigating the influence of multimedia systems and computer graphic design on global and local scale economies. Firstly, the study pinpointed the significant participants and top five global digital media distribution in the digital media market. Then, the study investigated whether a tie or variance existed between the digital media vendor and market shares. Also, the paper probed whether the global and local desktop, mobile, and tablet markets differ while assessing the association between the top five digital media and global market shares. Finally, the study explored the extent of growth, economic gains, major setbacks, and opportunities within the industry amidst global and local scale economic flux. A multiple regression analysis method was employed to analyse the significant influence of the top five global digital media on the total market share, and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the global digital media vendor market share data. The findings were intriguing and significant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20graphics" title="computer graphics">computer graphics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20media%20market" title=" digital media market"> digital media market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20market%20share" title=" global market share"> global market share</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20size" title=" market size"> market size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20vendor" title=" media vendor"> media vendor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimedia" title=" multimedia"> multimedia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20design" title=" systems design"> systems design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188472/digital-media-market-multimedia-and-computer-graphic-analysis-amidst-fluctuating-global-and-local-scale-economy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5364</span> Global Optimization: The Alienor Method Mixed with Piyavskii-Shubert Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guettal%20Djaouida">Guettal Djaouida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziadi%20Abdelkader"> Ziadi Abdelkader</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study a coupling of the Alienor method with the algorithm of Piyavskii-Shubert. The classical multidimensional global optimization methods involves great difficulties for their implementation to high dimensions. The Alienor method allows to transform a multivariable function into a function of a single variable for which it is possible to use efficient and rapid method for calculating the the global optimum. This simplification is based on the using of a reducing transformation called Alienor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20optimization" title="global optimization">global optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reducing%20transformation" title=" reducing transformation"> reducing transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-dense%20curves" title=" α-dense curves"> α-dense curves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alienor%20method" title=" Alienor method"> Alienor method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piyavskii-Shubert%20algorithm" title=" Piyavskii-Shubert algorithm"> Piyavskii-Shubert algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6505/global-optimization-the-alienor-method-mixed-with-piyavskii-shubert-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5363</span> Effectuating Theology of Culture: The Only Weapon to Confront 21st Century Global Godless Culture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hram%20Bik">Hram Bik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This is an analytical paper on how to apply theology to the global godless culture. The paper will analyze and materialize theology of culture and come up with theo-cultural principles which will enable Christians to properly engage with today godless culture. If theology and daily life are in any way split apart, Christians will lose the authenticity essential to their calling. Living out godliness in the ungodly culture requires materializing theology into daily life. To do that has become an unbeatable challenge for Christians in 21st century with the overtaking in of global godless culture enforced by Information Technology resulting in rapid and chaotic change of global lifestyles wherein Christianity stands in danger of being swallowed up. Staying away from the culture will rob Christianity of its mission to witness and staying with and like it will rob Christianity of its effectiveness. Thus the question is how should today Christians apply theology to the culture wherein what are said to be sins in the Bible no longer look like sins? Should we forge an all-out war against it or should distance ourselves away from it? The extreme response to it could fruit Christian Jihadism on the right and the apathetic response would let it booming with no one attempting to stop it on the left. This paper calls for global Christians to essentially make theology a part of their daily lives to form a united global force to influence the godless global culture by influencing our own family and community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20culture" title=" global culture"> global culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=godliness" title=" godliness"> godliness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theology" title=" theology"> theology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71780/effectuating-theology-of-culture-the-only-weapon-to-confront-21st-century-global-godless-culture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5362</span> Empirical Model for the Estimation of Global Solar Radiation on Horizontal Surface in Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malika%20Fekih">Malika Fekih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdenour%20Bourabaa"> Abdenour Bourabaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafika%20Hariti"> Rafika Hariti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Saighi"> Mohamed Saighi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Algeria the global solar radiation and its components is not available for all locations due to which there is a requirement of using different models for the estimation of global solar radiation that use climatological parameters of the locations. Empirical constants for these models have been estimated and the results obtained have been tested statistically. The results show encouraging agreement between estimated and measured values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20solar%20radiation" title="global solar radiation">global solar radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20model" title=" empirical model"> empirical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi%20arid%20areas" title=" semi arid areas"> semi arid areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climatological%20parameters" title=" climatological parameters"> climatological parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17957/empirical-model-for-the-estimation-of-global-solar-radiation-on-horizontal-surface-in-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5361</span> Global Race for Talent: Exploring Global Talent Management (GTM) and its Impact on Organizational Development: From the Prospective of Malaysian MNEs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Moomal">Asma Moomal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zukarnain%20Zakaria"> Zukarnain Zakaria </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this uncertain, highly competitive and hasty moving era, most of the organizations are surviving under the pressure of complex dynamics, fierce competition and many challenges in terms of global talent management within the global market. One key result of these challenges is that the organizations have to be organized and good at handling human capital if they want to gain sustainable and steady success in near future. By keeping in mind the importance of global competition, many human resource (HR) professionals are diagnosing the complexities in managing talent of human capital at global level, especially those of multinational enterprises (MNEs). As, there has been little research in the country regarding identification of the GTM in MNEs, this paper reviewed the relevant literature in order to examine the role of GTM strategies in enhancing the organizational development in the MNEs of Malaysia. The data collection technique used in this study was done through the secondary data resources (i.e. the existing literature analysis). This study contributes to extend our understanding of the impact of GTM on organizational development of MNEs within the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Global%20Talent%20Management%20%28GTM%29" title="Global Talent Management (GTM)">Global Talent Management (GTM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multinational%20enterprises%20%28MNEs%29" title=" multinational enterprises (MNEs)"> multinational enterprises (MNEs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20development" title=" organizational development"> organizational development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=talent" title=" talent "> talent </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17029/global-race-for-talent-exploring-global-talent-management-gtm-and-its-impact-on-organizational-development-from-the-prospective-of-malaysian-mnes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5360</span> A Model of Preventing Global Financial Crisis: Gauss Law Model Proposal Used in Electrical Field Calculations </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arzu%20K.%20Kamberli">Arzu K. Kamberli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article examines the relationship between economics and physics, starting with Adam Smith, with a new econophysics approach in Economics-Physics with the Gauss Law model proposal using for the Electric Field calculation, which will allow us to anticipate the Global Financial Crisis. For this purpose, the similarities between the Gauss Law using the electric field calculations and the global financial crisis have been explained on the formula, and a model has been suggested to predict the risks of the financial systems from the electricity field calculations. Thus, this study is expected to help for preventing the Global Financial Crisis with the contribution of the science of economics and physics from the aspect of econophysics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=econophysics" title="econophysics">econophysics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20field" title=" electric field"> electric field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20system" title=" financial system"> financial system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gauss%20law" title=" Gauss law"> Gauss law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20financial%20crisis" title=" global financial crisis"> global financial crisis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83799/a-model-of-preventing-global-financial-crisis-gauss-law-model-proposal-used-in-electrical-field-calculations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5359</span> Location-Domination on Join of Two Graphs and Their Complements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Analen%20Malnegro">Analen Malnegro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gina%20Malacas"> Gina Malacas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dominating sets and related topics have been studied extensively in the past few decades. A dominating set of a graph G is a subset D of V such that every vertex not in D is adjacent to at least one member of D. The domination number γ(G) is the number of vertices in a smallest dominating set for G. Some problems involving detection devices can be modeled with graphs. Finding the minimum number of devices needed according to the type of devices and the necessity of locating the object gives rise to locating-dominating sets. A subset S of vertices of a graph G is called locating-dominating set, LD-set for short, if it is a dominating set and if every vertex v not in S is uniquely determined by the set of neighbors of v belonging to S. The location-domination number λ(G) is the minimum cardinality of an LD-set for G. The complement of a graph G is a graph Ḡ on same vertices such that two distinct vertices of Ḡ are adjacent if and only if they are not adjacent in G. An LD-set of a graph G is global if it is an LD-set of both G and its complement Ḡ. The global location-domination number λg(G) is defined as the minimum cardinality of a global LD-set of G. In this paper, global LD-sets on the join of two graphs are characterized. Global location-domination numbers of these graphs are also determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dominating%20set" title="dominating set">dominating set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20locating-dominating%20set" title=" global locating-dominating set"> global locating-dominating set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20location-domination%20number" title=" global location-domination number"> global location-domination number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locating-dominating%20set" title=" locating-dominating set"> locating-dominating set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=location-domination%20number" title=" location-domination number"> location-domination number</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92257/location-domination-on-join-of-two-graphs-and-their-complements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5358</span> The Impact of Global Financial Crises and Corporate Financial Crisis (Bankruptcy Risk) on Corporate Tax Evasion: Evidence from Emerging Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sajjad%20Habibi">Seyed Sajjad Habibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of global financial crises and corporate financial crisis on tax evasion of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, panel data in the periods of financial crisis period (2007 to 2012) and without a financial crisis (2004, 2005, 2006, 2013, 2014, and 2015) was analyzed using multivariate linear regression. The results indicate a significant relationship between the corporate financial crisis (bankruptcy risk) and tax evasion in the global financial crisis period. The results also showed a significant relationship between the corporate bankruptcy risk and tax evasion in the period with no global financial crisis. A significant difference was found between the bankruptcy risk and tax evasion in the period of the global financial crisis and that with no financial crisis so that tax evasion increased in the financial crisis period. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20financial%20crisis" title="global financial crisis">global financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20financial%20crisis" title=" corporate financial crisis"> corporate financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bankruptcy%20risk" title=" bankruptcy risk"> bankruptcy risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tax%20evasion%20risk" title=" tax evasion risk"> tax evasion risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20markets" title=" emerging markets"> emerging markets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85211/the-impact-of-global-financial-crises-and-corporate-financial-crisis-bankruptcy-risk-on-corporate-tax-evasion-evidence-from-emerging-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5357</span> Aggregate Fluctuations and the Global Network of Input-Output Linkages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Hempfing">Alexander Hempfing</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The desire to understand business cycle fluctuations, trade interdependencies and co-movement has a long tradition in economic thinking. From input-output economics to business cycle theory, researchers aimed to find appropriate answers from an empirical as well as a theoretical perspective. This paper empirically analyses how the production structure of the global economy and several states developed over time, what their distributional properties are and if there are network specific metrics that allow identifying structurally important nodes, on a global, national and sectoral scale. For this, the World Input-Output Database was used, and different statistical methods were applied. Empirical evidence is provided that the importance of the Eastern hemisphere in the global production network has increased significantly between 2000 and 2014. Moreover, it was possible to show that the sectoral eigenvector centrality indices on a global level are power-law distributed, providing evidence that specific national sectors exist which are more critical to the world economy than others while serving as a hub within the global production network. However, further findings suggest, that global production cannot be characterized as a scale-free network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20integration" title="economic integration">economic integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20organization" title=" industrial organization"> industrial organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input-output%20economics" title=" input-output economics"> input-output economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20economics" title=" network economics"> network economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20networks" title=" production networks"> production networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88653/aggregate-fluctuations-and-the-global-network-of-input-output-linkages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5356</span> A Survey of Key Challenges of Adopting Agile in Global Software Development: A Case Study with Malaysia Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amna%20Batool">Amna Batool</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agile methodology is the current most popular technique in software development projects. Agile methods in software development bring optimistic impact on software performances, quality and customer satisfaction. There are some organizations and small-medium enterprises adopting agile into their local software development projects as well as in distributed software development projects. Adopting agile methods in local software development projects is valuable. However, agile global software deployment needs an attention. There are different key challenges in agile global software development that need to resolve and enhance the global software development cycles. The proposed systematic literature review investigates all key challenges of agile in global software development. Moreover, a quantitative methodology (an actual survey) targeted to present a real case scenario of these particular key challenges faced by one of the software houses that is BestWeb Malaysia. The outcomes of systematic literature and the results of quantitative methodology are compared with each other to evaluate if the key challenges pointed out in systematic review still exist. The proposed research and its exploratory results can assist small medium enterprises to avoid these challenges by adopting the best practices in their global software development projects. Moreover, it is helpful for novice researchers to get valuable information altogether. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20software%20development" title="agile software development">agile software development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASD%20challenges" title=" ASD challenges"> ASD challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20global%20software%20development" title=" agile global software development"> agile global software development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges%20in%20agile%20global%20software%20development" title=" challenges in agile global software development"> challenges in agile global software development</a> </p> <a 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