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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="سيغريد نونيز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيغريد نونيز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%93_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%96" title="סיגריד נונז – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיגריד נונז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="سيجريد نونيز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيجريد نونيز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8C%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9" title="シーグリッド・ヌーネス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シーグリッド・ヌーネス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigrid_Nunez" title="Sigrid Nunez – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sigrid Nunez" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7513133#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Sigrid Nunez</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sigrid_Nunez_(48684839881)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nunez at the 2019 National Book Festival"><img alt="Nunez at the 2019 National Book Festival" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sigrid_Nunez_%2848684839881%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Sigrid_Nunez_%2848684839881%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sigrid_Nunez_%2848684839881%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Sigrid_Nunez_%2848684839881%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sigrid_Nunez_%2848684839881%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Sigrid_Nunez_%2848684839881%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="937" data-file-height="1251" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Nunez at the 2019 <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Festival" title="National Book Festival">National Book Festival</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1951 (age 72–73)<br />New York City, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Writer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Education</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Barnard_College" title="Barnard College">Barnard College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Fine_Arts" title="Master of Fine Arts">MFA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable awards</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Whiting Award, Rome Prize, Berlin Prize, National Book Award, Guggenheim Fellowship</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sigrid Nunez</b> (born 1951) is an American writer, best known for her novels. Her seventh novel, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(novel)" title="The Friend (novel)">The Friend</a></i>, won the 2018 <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="National Book Award for Fiction">National Book Award for Fiction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sigrid Nunez was born and raised in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, the daughter of a <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">German</a> mother and a <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Chinese_in_Panama" title="Ethnic Chinese in Panama">Chinese-Panamanian</a> father. She received her <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a> from <a href="/wiki/Barnard_College" title="Barnard College">Barnard College</a> (1972) and her <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Fine_Arts" title="Master of Fine Arts">MFA</a> from <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> (1975), after which she worked for a time as an editorial assistant at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>. Nunez has published nine novels, including<i> A Feather on the Breath of God,</i> <i>The Last of Her Kind,</i> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(novel)" title="The Friend (novel)">The Friend</a>,</i> <i><a href="/wiki/What_Are_You_Going_Through" title="What Are You Going Through">What Are You Going Through</a>,</i> and, most recently, <i>The Vulnerables.</i> She is also the author of <i>Sempre Susan: A Memoir of Susan Sontag.</i> </p><p>Among the journals to which Nunez has contributed are <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>, </i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>,<i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Paris_Review" title="The Paris Review">The Paris Review</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harper%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper's">Harper's</a>, <a href="/wiki/McSweeney%27s" title="McSweeney's">McSweeney's</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Believer_(magazine)" title="The Believer (magazine)">The Believer</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Threepenny_Review" title="The Threepenny Review">The Threepenny Review</a>,<i> the </i><a href="/wiki/London_Review_of_Books" title="London Review of Books">London Review of Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Weekly" title="Harper's Weekly">Harper's Weekly</a>,<i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and </i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>.<i> </i> </p><p>Her work has also appeared in several anthologies, including four <a href="/wiki/Pushcart_Prize" title="Pushcart Prize">Pushcart Prize</a> volumes and four anthologies of Asian-American literature. One of her short stories was selected for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Best_American_Short_Stories" title="The Best American Short Stories">The Best American Short Stories</a> 2019.</i> Nunez, a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/John_Simon_Guggenheim_Memorial_Foundation" title="John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation">John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation</a>, is also the recipient of a <a href="/wiki/Whiting_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Whiting Award">Whiting Writer's Award</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Prize" title="Berlin Prize">Berlin Prize</a> Fellowship, the <a href="/wiki/Rosenthal_Foundation_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosenthal Foundation Award">Rosenthal Foundation Award</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Prize" title="Rome Prize">Rome Prize</a> in Literature. Nunez is a member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Letters" title="American Academy of Arts and Letters">American Academy of Arts and Letters</a>. She was a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jamesmerrillhouse.org/fellows">James Merrill F</a>ellow in December 2018-January 2019. </p><p>She has taught at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/The_New_School" title="The New School">New School</a>, and has been a visiting writer or writer in residence at <a href="/wiki/Amherst_College" title="Amherst College">Amherst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smith_College" title="Smith College">Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baruch_College" title="Baruch College">Baruch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vassar_College" title="Vassar College">Vassar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syracuse_University" title="Syracuse University">Syracuse</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine" title="University of California, Irvine">University of California, Irvine</a>, among others. Nunez has also been on the faculty of the <a href="/wiki/Bread_Loaf_Writers%27_Conference" title="Bread Loaf Writers' Conference">Bread Loaf Writers' Conference</a> and of several other writers' conferences across the country. Her work has been translated into more than thirty languages. </p><p>She lives in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, two of her novels were adapted into films.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The duo <a href="/wiki/Scott_McGehee_and_David_Siegel" title="Scott McGehee and David Siegel">Scott McGehee and David Siegel</a> adapted her novel <i>The Friend</i> into <a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(2024_film)" title="The Friend (2024 film)">a film</a> starring <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Watts" title="Naomi Watts">Naomi Watts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spanish filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> adapted <i>What Are You Going Through</i> into his English feature debut, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Room_Next_Door" title="The Room Next Door">The Room Next Door</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Julianne_Moore" title="Julianne Moore">Julianne Moore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter was awarded the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion" title="Golden Lion">Golden Lion</a> at the <a href="/wiki/81st_Venice_International_Film_Festival" title="81st Venice International Film Festival">81st Venice International Film Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Book_synopses">Book synopses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Book synopses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In <i>A Feather on the Breath of God</i> (1995), "a young woman looks back to the world of her immigrant parents: a Chinese-Panamanian father and a German mother, who meet in postwar Germany and settle in New York City. Growing up in a housing project in the 1950s and 1960s, the narrator escapes into dreams inspired both by her parents' stories and by her own reading and, for a time, into the otherworldly life of ballet."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> described Nunez's debut as "A forceful novel by a writer of uncommon talent."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Naked Sleeper</i> (1996) is "a novel about the inescapable and sometimes unendurable complexities of love and the family drama,"<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which a woman falls into an extramarital affair and attempts to understand the father who abandoned her as a child.</li> <li><i>Mitz: The Marmoset of Bloomsbury</i> (1998) is a mock biography of a pet <a href="/wiki/Marmoset" title="Marmoset">marmoset</a> belonging to <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Woolf" title="Leonard Woolf">Leonard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolf" title="Virginia Woolf">Virginia Woolf</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> described <i>Mitz</i> as "[a] wry, supremely intelligent literary gem about devotion."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>For Rouenna</i> (2001). "Now in her fourth and perhaps best novel to date—about a writer haunted by her brief friendship with a former <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam</a> combat nurse—Nunez revisits familiar <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Proust" title="Marcel Proust">Proustian</a> territory with a frightening rigor."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Last of Her Kind</i> (2006) follows the arc of a friendship between two women from different socioeconomic backgrounds who meet as roommates at <a href="/wiki/Barnard_College" title="Barnard College">Barnard College</a> in 1968. Nunez has said that she wanted to write about the sixties by imagining the lives of "specific individuals who happened to come of age in that revolutionary time." Andrew O'Hehir called it "perhaps the finest [social novel] yet written about that peculiar generation of young Americans who believed their destiny was to shape history."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <i>Salvation City</i> (2010), a thirteen-year-old boy is orphaned in a global <a href="/wiki/Influenza_pandemic" title="Influenza pandemic">flu pandemic</a> and sent to live with an <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> pastor and his wife. "<i>Salvation City</i> is a story of love, betrayal, and forgiveness. It is about spiritual and moral growth, and the consolation of art."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gary_Shteyngart" title="Gary Shteyngart">Gary Shteyngart</a> has said that the novel "makes one reconsider the ordering of our world."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Sempre Susan: A Memoir of <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a></i> (2011). In 1976, while recovering from surgery, Sontag hired Nunez to type her correspondence. Nunez began dating Sontag's son, <a href="/wiki/David_Rieff" title="David Rieff">David Rieff</a>, and moved into the <a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Side" title="Upper West Side">Upper West Side</a> apartment that mother and son were sharing at the time. "This detailed, nuanced account of the more private side of a complex, contradictory public figure is told with even-handed good humor and more than a little compassion. Utterly absorbing." — <a href="/wiki/Lydia_Davis" title="Lydia Davis">Lydia Davis</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Friend</i> (2018). After her mentor and lifelong friend commits suicide, a writer inherits his <a href="/wiki/Great_Dane" title="Great Dane">Great Dane</a>. <i>The Friend</i> is both a "contemplation of writing and the loss of integrity in our literary life" and, in the words of <a href="/wiki/Cathleen_Schine" title="Cathleen Schine">Cathleen Schine</a>, "the most original canine love story since <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyrb.com/products/my-dog-tulip-1?variant=1094930389">My Dog Tulip</a>.</i>" It won the 2018 <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Fiction" title="National Book Award for Fiction">National Book Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was a finalist for the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Simpson/Joyce_Carol_Oates_Literary_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Simpson/Joyce Carol Oates Literary Prize">Simpson/Joyce Carol Oates Literary Prize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Friend</i> was a <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">New York Times</a></i> bestseller. It was short listed for the 2020 <a href="/wiki/International_Dublin_Literary_Award" title="International Dublin Literary Award">International Dublin Literary Award</a>. In France, it was longlisted in the category of foreign fiction for the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Prix_Femina" title="Prix Femina">Prix Femina</a> and selected as a finalist for the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Prix_du_Meilleur_Livre_%C3%89tranger" title="Prix du Meilleur Livre Étranger">Prix du Meilleure Livre Étranger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>What Are You Going Through</i> (2020). A woman agrees to help a terminally ill friend by going away with her and seeing her through the last days of her life. The friend is planning to take a euthanasia drug rather than let cancer take its course. "It's as good as <i>The Friend,</i> if not better." — Dwight Garner<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Vulnerables</i> (2023). A writer, old enough to be considered a "vulnerable" in the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic in New York City, pet-sits a spirited parrot named Eureka in her friends' luxury apartment. When the original petsitter, a Gen Z college student, returns to the apartment, he and the narrator strike up an unlikely friendship. "Her Wordsworthian exploration of 'how much of life is shaped by sadness for what's left behind,' her rare ability to be at once wistfully elegiac and sharply hilarious make <i>The Vulnerables</i> a gift."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>A Feather on the Breath of God</i>. New York: HarperCollins. 1995. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780312422738" title="Special:BookSources/9780312422738"><bdi>9780312422738</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Feather+on+the+Breath+of+God&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9780312422738&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nakedsleepernove00nune"><i>Naked Sleeper</i></a>. New York: HarperCollins. 1996. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780060172763" title="Special:BookSources/9780060172763"><bdi>9780060172763</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Naked+Sleeper&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780060172763&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnakedsleepernove00nune&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mitzmarmosetofbl00nune"><i>Mitz: The Marmoset of Bloomsbury</i></a>. New York: HarperFlamingo. 1998. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780060174071" title="Special:BookSources/9780060174071"><bdi>9780060174071</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mitz%3A+The+Marmoset+of+Bloomsbury&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperFlamingo&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780060174071&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmitzmarmosetofbl00nune&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/forrouenna00nune"><i>For Rouenna</i></a>. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2001. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780374254308" title="Special:BookSources/9780374254308"><bdi>9780374254308</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=For+Rouenna&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780374254308&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fforrouenna00nune&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lastofherkind00nune_0"><i>The Last of Her Kind</i></a>. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780374183813" title="Special:BookSources/9780374183813"><bdi>9780374183813</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+of+Her+Kind&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780374183813&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flastofherkind00nune_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/Salvation_City" title="Salvation City">Salvation City</a></i>. New York: Riverhead Books. 2010. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781594487668" title="Special:BookSources/9781594487668"><bdi>9781594487668</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Salvation+City&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Riverhead+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781594487668&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Sempre Susan: A Memoir of Susan Sontag</i>. New York: Atlas Books. 2011. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781594633348" title="Special:BookSources/9781594633348"><bdi>9781594633348</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sempre+Susan%3A+A+Memoir+of+Susan+Sontag&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Atlas+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781594633348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(novel)" title="The Friend (novel)">The Friend</a></i>. New York: Riverhead Books. 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780735219441" title="Special:BookSources/9780735219441"><bdi>9780735219441</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Friend&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Riverhead+Books&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780735219441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/What_Are_You_Going_Through" title="What Are You Going Through">What Are You Going Through</a></i>. New York: Riverhead Books. 2020. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780593191415" title="Special:BookSources/9780593191415"><bdi>9780593191415</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Are+You+Going+Through&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Riverhead+Books&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9780593191415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Vulnerables</i>. New York: Riverhead Books. 2023. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780593715512" title="Special:BookSources/9780593715512"><bdi>9780593715512</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vulnerables&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Riverhead+Books&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9780593715512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selected_stories">Selected stories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Selected stories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.threepennyreview.com/samples/nunez_f11.html">"Airport Story"</a>. <i>The Threepenny Review</i>. <b>127</b>. Fall 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Threepenny+Review&rft.atitle=Airport+Story&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=127&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.threepennyreview.com%2Fsamples%2Fnunez_f11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thesunmagazine.org/issues/436/imagination">"Imagination."</a> <i>The Sun,</i> April 2012.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.conjunctions.com/print/article/sigrid-nunez-c58">"Philosophers."</a> <i>Conjunctions</i>: 58, Spring 2012.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://harpers.org/archive/2012/09/worried-sisters/">"Worried Sisters."</a> <i>Harper's,</i> September 2012.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v43/n21/sigrid-nunez/it-will-come-back-to-you">"It Will Come Back to You."</a>. <i>London Review of Books</i>, November 2021.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/09/09/greensleeves-fiction-sigrid-nunez">"Greensleeves."</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i>, September 2024.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selected_essays">Selected essays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Selected essays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/02/25/suddenly-susan/?hpw">"Suddenly Susan"</a> (adaptation from <i>Sempre Susan</i>). <i>The New York Times,</i> February 25, 2011.</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://littlestarjournal.com/blog/2012/12/dickens-and-love-sigrid-nunez-in-the-new-little-star/">Love and Fiction</a>" (excerpt from <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Star_Journal" title="Little Star Journal">Little Star</a></i> #4). littlestarjournal.com, December 12, 2012.</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/14/books/review/station-eleven-by-emily-st-john-mandel.html">Shakespeare for Survivors</a>" (review of <i>Station Eleven,</i> a novel, by Emily St. John Mandel). <i>The New York Times Book Review,</i> September 12, 2014.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/28/books/review/afterglow-eileen-myles-dog-memoirs.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=mini-moth&region=top-stories-below&WT.nav=top-stories-below&_r=0">"Two Memoirs Celebrate Muses With Four Legs"</a> (review of two memoirs: <i>Afterglow</i> by Eileen Myles and <i>Fetch</i> by Nicole J. Georges). <i>The New York Times Book Review, September 28, 2017.</i></li> <li>"'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/sight-and-the-pleasures-of-overthinking-motherhood?reload=true">Sight' and The Pleasures of Overthinking Motherhood</a>" (review of <i>Sight</i>, a novel, by Jesse Greengrass). <i>newyorker.com,</i> August 22, 2018.</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2018/11/14/leonard-michaels-was-a-cat-person/">Leonard Michaels Was a Cat Person</a>" (introduction to <i>A Cat,</i> a novel, by Leonard Michaels). <i>Paris Review Daily,</i> November 14, 2018.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2020/06/11/garth-greenwell-cleanness-sex-sincerity/">"Sex and Sincerity"</a> (review of <i>Cleanness,</i> a novel, by Garth Greenwell). <i>The New York Review of Books,</i> June 11, 2020.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2020/11/05/nicole-krauss-disorders-of-the-heart/">"Disorders of the Heart"</a> (review of <i>To Be a Man,</i> a short story collection, by Nicole Krauss). <i>The New York Review of Books,</i> November 5, 2020.</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2021/05/27/jhumpa-lahiri-lost-at-sea-at-odds/">Lost, at Sea, at Odds</a>" (review of <i>Whereabouts,</i> a novel, by Jhumpa Lahiri, translated from the Italian by the author). <i>The New York Review</i>. May 27, 2021.</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/13/t-magazine/sigrid-nunez-paula-fox-desperate-characters.html">'Desperate Characters' and the Chaos That Lies Beneath</a>." <i>The New York Times Style Magazine.</i> July 13, 2022.</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2022/11/03/gored-in-the-afternoon-getting-lost-annie-ernaux/">Gored in the Afternoon</a>" (review of <i>Getting Lost</i>, a novel, by Annie Ernaux, translated from the French by Alison L. Strayer). <i>The New York Review</i>. November 3, 2022.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adaptations">Adaptations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Room_Next_Door" title="The Room Next Door">The Room Next Door</a></i> (2024), based on the novel <i>What Are You Going Through</i>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(2024_film)" title="The Friend (2024 film)">The Friend</a></i> (2024), based on the homonymous novel.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalbook.org/books/the-friend/">"The Friend"</a>. <i>National Book Foundation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Book+Foundation&rft.atitle=The+Friend&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalbook.org%2Fbooks%2Fthe-friend%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/09/books/review/lydia-millet-dinosaurs.html">"Walking Across America, in Search of Absolution"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. October 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Walking+Across+America%2C+in+Search+of+Absolution&rft.date=2022-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F10%2F09%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Flydia-millet-dinosaurs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://harpers.org/author/sigridnunez/">"Sigrid Nunez"</a>. <i>Harper's Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harper%27s+Magazine&rft.atitle=Sigrid+Nunez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fharpers.org%2Fauthor%2Fsigridnunez%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sigridnunez.com/bio/">"Bio | Sigrid Nunez"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bio+%7C+Sigrid+Nunez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsigridnunez.com%2Fbio%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZuckerman2024" class="citation magazine cs1">Zuckerman, Esther (September 7, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/7018791/sigrid-nunez-interview-the-friend-the-room-next-door/">"How Sigrid Nunez Became the Hottest Author of the Fall Movie Season"</a>. <i>TIME</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TIME&rft.atitle=How+Sigrid+Nunez+Became+the+Hottest+Author+of+the+Fall+Movie+Season&rft.date=2024-09-07&rft.aulast=Zuckerman&rft.aufirst=Esther&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F7018791%2Fsigrid-nunez-interview-the-friend-the-room-next-door%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDebruge2024" class="citation web cs1">Debruge, Peter (August 31, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2024/film/reviews/the-friend-review-naomi-watts-bill-murray-1236121344/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Friend' Review: Naomi Watts Inherits a Handful in a Dog Movie That's Really About Accepting Mortality"</a>. <i>Variety</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BostonGlobe.com&rft.atitle=Sigrid+Nunez%27s+latest+novel+meditates+upon+age%2C+illness%2C+writing%2C+and+macaws+-+The+Boston+Globe&rft.date=2023-11-01&rft.aulast=Gilman&rft.aufirst=Priscilla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2F2023%2F11%2F01%2Farts%2Fsigrid-nunezs-latest-novel-meditates-upon-age-illness-writing-macaws%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/13/books/the-friend-sigrid-nunez.html">"With 'The Friend,' Sigrid Nunez Becomes an Overnight Literary Sensation, 23 Years and Eight Books Later"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. December 13, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=With+%27The+Friend%2C%27+Sigrid+Nunez+Becomes+an+Overnight+Literary+Sensation%2C+23+Years+and+Eight+Books+Later&rft.date=2018-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F12%2F13%2Fbooks%2Fthe-friend-sigrid-nunez.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/30/magazine/sigrid-nunez.html">"Sigrid Nunez's Art of Noticing"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. October 30, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sigrid+Nunez%27s+Art+of+Noticing&rft.date=2023-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F10%2F30%2Fmagazine%2Fsigrid-nunez.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASigrid+Nunez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Nunez&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sigridnunez.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB113597806993834949">Merle Rubin's review of <i>The Last of Her Kind</i> in <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>, December 31, 2005.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/05/books/review-friend-sigrid-nunez.html">Dwight Garner's review of <i>The Friend</i> in <i>The New York Times</i>, February 5, 2018.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2018/06/28/you-old-dog-sigrid-nunez/">Laura Kipnis's review of <i>The Friend</i> in <i>The New York Review of Books</i>, June 28, 2018.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ecB9V44dBg">"Reading from <i> The Friend </i> by Sigrid Nunez."</a> <i>Youtube</i>, November 16, 2018.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6s1qEXoKCo">"Sigrid Nunez accepts the National Book Award for Fiction,"</a> <i>Youtube</i>, November 15, 2018.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2018/11/24/670513615/book-review-the-friend-wins-2018-national-book-award-for-fiction">Interview with Scott Simon on NPR's <i>Weekend Edition</i>, November 24, 2018.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/13/books/the-friend-sigrid-nunez.html?searchResultPosition=3">Profile of Nunez in <i>The New York Times,</i> December 13, 2018.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2019/01/24/688185092/the-friend-novelist-grapples-with-suicide-grief-and-student-teacher-relationship">Interview with Terry Gross on <i>Fresh Air</i>, January 24, 2019.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/books/review-what-are-you-going-through-sigrid-nunez.html?searchResultPosition=1">Dwight Garner's review of <i>What Are You Going Through</i> in <i>The New York Times,</i> August 31, 2020.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/09/14/the-injustices-of-aging">Merve Emre's review of <i>What Are You Going Through</i> in <i>The New Yorker,</i> September 7, 2020.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://soundcloud.com/ilfdublin/sigrid-nunez-2020-international-dublin-literary-award-shortlist">International Dublin Literary Award Shortlist podcast interview with Jessica Traynor, October 16, 2020.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2020/10/21/926139571/novelist-sigrid-nunez-on-climate-change-mortality-and-life-in-a-pandemic">Interview with Terry Gross on <i>Fresh Air</i>, October 21, 2020.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/7906/the-art-of-fiction-no-254-sigrid-nunez">"Sigrid Nunez, The Art of Fiction No. 254."</a> <i>The Paris Review.</i> Issue 240, Summer 2022.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/30/magazine/sigrid-nunez.html">Profile of Nunez in <i>The New York Times</i>, October 30, 2023.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/30/books/review/sigrid-nunez-the-vulnerables.html">Dwight Garner's review of <i>The Vulnerables</i> in <i>The New York Times</i>, October 30, 2023.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/07/books/review/the-right-book-can-make-sigrid-nunez-miss-her-subway-stop.html">"The Right Book Can Make Sigrid Nunez Miss Her Subway Stop."</a> <i>The New York Times.</i> December 10, 2023<i>.</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thesewaneereview.com/media/podcast/sigrid-nunez">"Sigrid Nunez."</a> <i>The Sewanee Review</i>. September 23, 2024.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/7018791/sigrid-nunez-interview-the-friend-the-room-next-door/">"Author Sigrid Nunez on Watching Julianne Moore, Tilda Swinton, and Naomi Watts Bring Her Characters to Life."</a> <i>Time.</i> September 7, 2024.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Sigrid_Nunez" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sigrid_Nunez" title="Template:Sigrid Nunez"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sigrid_Nunez" title="Template talk:Sigrid Nunez"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sigrid_Nunez" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sigrid Nunez"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sigrid_Nunez" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sigrid Nunez</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Salvation_City" title="Salvation City">Salvation City</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(novel)" title="The Friend (novel)">The Friend</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_Are_You_Going_Through" title="What Are You Going Through">What Are You Going Through</a></i> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Friend_(2024_film)" title="The Friend (2024 film)">The Friend</a></i> (2024)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Room_Next_Door" title="The Room Next Door">The Room Next Door</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7513133#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7513133#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7513133#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/136970133">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n94067451">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb144059948">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb144059948">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01126906">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35370398">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0243265&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5331514">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1827018">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p13884111X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/98071641">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000739121&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC202127673">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810626343005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007597879505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058616863806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA15720309?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/928744">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/159680204">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6w70d08">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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