CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91e9e2e30bb5fe07',cH: 'bdCo.nOlwDUnrLN65givBmgsYdbqVBKVpYLEE5xLiDg-1741683886-1.2.1.1-pdylVf.n8PN.00Bg_0WaR39M78.D_xklcQI2TP7qGd8tpd.LluGhXuR3KnjqPaIF',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=non-invasive%20electrical%20stimulation&__cf_chl_tk=cIjJmgDM0cdD8aVi26r5.yjEMVpiMrOHwFpG.uIzXCk-1741683886-1.0.1.1-2bsN37CGVDm07MFpmHkVTYF6nnw.U2c25cyyWnonvdI",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741683886',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=non-invasive%20electrical%20stimulation&__cf_chl_f_tk=cIjJmgDM0cdD8aVi26r5.yjEMVpiMrOHwFpG.uIzXCk-1741683886-1.0.1.1-2bsN37CGVDm07MFpmHkVTYF6nnw.U2c25cyyWnonvdI",md: "v.hIGEsvmQloochEOQV1d0dvMwVRrf_uVhJPSH2dV2c-1741683886-1.2.1.1-z47zRUFVAdY4RXNGAQ_fAvPa97E8jn6cETnW9rdksipKXDSOQm6qGL0xKvgk9hnDcgBMgyj3uMFvDba9VXhl3WChgYWv79tFGIUp1KDjNg6pvRp2yS7fcS9Dki452Vu0wNdufKO8mFbGQq30cXAS6djOhhBpC.iB7k3gHtD6nIOshIgjJsgjjlUdfpQQ7jHZM0KV.eMbmmgV9NeyM4cZswpfo5PCZ7QtPzKxkZJ1VQKMwT0vxWDpNiuDw_1KsBMeV.a_9i6jgfMyuLy4T6.sMpQJVz0mgELeXdCMCrrwFRNq4a7p6ZtYAV325NJqAwgmTPVod0aC5ooE08cu_dGY1o9UoR_GV1caYOaOkmtc5yKUCnGLdpMJe1O.oYHShfOu.dShwYTjSCAembxdhbqXek5QUuZFGlRQ24GTT5rysDOAbhRKoV2kXb4euIqYcf5Myo4jCWIGExachYlDa8KIjtAd.B9e0MF6mD.1oYWxNvMTR3Cg2KIQQAIGcmuizgSeKWYU15vwvmmeAHXmHDcvwXNUCq7zkSPIkCXTX9.R27aSz46BDacuS8NA_E5CKjKcc.FcSpKvid4jJZEbAS5HT5Qu.GyvNbaSUO2iQlqjBDRZ32MXp00AxMkcfD9fFXLxg5ii7LsNFO6RTWFkxy3tWz8EdItZPXdwdg6rtbRqZSBBVtXk26I2XhrEA4KcPBn2_WF9SLgT2Z1UJTOw4JSVPHl7wN7FhLz2EFywGElRxfnJZeYliA5lPABOypQ.Yk_96Pykaas.oTE_nFis4S1lT8w.wJtQCRPzokU_OEYxDStOi8gZng3zzPjlQLYhuTVONATWQpvFD0vNjKKMByBsBSLpaGWI9VADl0IBsy3XeWdxDA1gjUKd4kuDiSsYw_EupGEy.O3Llm_JwyHTIQ.mc0QSqpTeM3jn0AdYugqO9bJW.FKmjO30cq0FYaAgll7JWkk6UJMFgMqYXJnPeZaX.uaCna6cXZCKszIc4RbDLSvu_OPS0.O1fNFxpCW8qZ6z.q09gppBzUznAYyicwM0dhKigzqfu7T688Pw6wV3XClmdV6b6YHrAJssMeyUZWPAnejRHdI1dyAShKFaDirQgxgHScCwe0gWrAjTWeccqY1Ov7NFTdvmLvZ8VDfQrQAM9Ha_v23br0Zp6ziuNfO0c3ZPJA_atxKlEFChetSKZTOkunF.5nc7Y8NZ7NJyybkUl4XN6J19_U70cCW3eBLLLNbwRXIG_D4MjMeHsHFMKuYV773HKTJZrzDHSm.L5zbG8yP7ObVPtzC3RqzxEEGa4eyCW8NwtxzVBVmGRO9B7EWZIm25V6jgFj.zT80db3gwhxbYACaLnz9ORwVZy73B.Q",mdrd: "4OXDxJYiQpbfghWdz0ZPEQsvqk3._W4hYxANkEAILMk-1741683886-1.2.1.1-Xwve777UPK3kqNhjmzHgzB2YGOfFCwvB7tnQZRr9unqUcC1haI3gupCqf9ZdUqmegwq0cy1hYQihn63SDb22jBDDmZEua7nOnZJEIxAgJiRNBN245pe06LdQQnrtMoOvj9unqDdtk_dd5KMbcCPFMme7zWLMkc9vle6LcCz.Tl4hGzD_jhOSfjuCGa.9dYx6aRyYBRZlvvqDPS9YGXxt_vnu3Bqfyf5JTStCb3.2EdALdy.0torSmbxEG2Dlc1uJK0qVeFUXdu2u3HnoNKrHQIaVT3PiCvPtFgMYjyPfC7gewzYgP9ssqlPg58oQuWSubOcH1Hw6waACIgK9dRBz8Rr5Nedt1uEvNRb3Hhe7RGHKY3nVvCtKtVUwfEjioVucrOtwH1lYWCJnKatWOWLYeLW9HLVo5.y6imci.pJvAypiny4Z7_2xQC9TQYARuoncoCQUiBPyp2AzccAF7SJ6X2Ms4lzfwvFxnmmKkiTufgnEFq7NoMTgQewJNazUQFcoYWzuqSIQiGxyzWVn2CLpsTMfoU5fKQhhRcvKs4hlCCoCmrNMNNWAKPo.M2lapvtjMZnBJKXQYL.J_Na2BtR_EPbZcqPL1ZDDtqiNpPg_O.wUt4.Z_YB87WbE5Ew4xCULuBV7P69PfBRlKzjNyGljvxmC1q3lUrBpvyeSYih6YZ06tG.krKNWB6Q6fa1.HUJ8BOahYfXtzT7GiTpCId9wCIALRc5q8qwOJLSAYUGUMCRYIkd9bZrjdUBxsXks7SO7X4LfpelmKxZhlhsaVhOmn_dEOkjDF7rHnt.8dUdxcPFEc4n5iHvi2Acr.f7miwFn02XhUlddZt7xUy4_hXd_hVmjcxIAjipW5.hJNC.ZVQ0DfinAXeE0VXSOdsSFSXSL5XVL4jJlVpaFAin5wxminil8BShYkGsiCrOP7Gu.gdY7fhY1_EPM1wCZkwAm8Z9s3nEKz479n3n173BIc6n55qd9vnSpApJrA7s_pIiDN7ICNXOwxrmfozODaX5rYP8ludnYijFDSdtoxoaq5ZfSs0x1TXeUhaAB6S2CZtc8lS4AJ2Ph.Y9F7NLz3BVM9q7FGGC_kMla6NXJaolT7Ow2xj3at_fq1joVep3rbVEzSDQR5KAMys8X233WmrDfrmbTP1rsvhK.ua87PKvcp3UNEdO_GWMUYzOp2hmiaM9ogUOZ_v.DcI2q1a8Tz01Wgg4twq.jjCH4EiuVpJWbcjRY9t.x_mDYZQvsvL5DtNvF6DH7gGoSQuwMsK0DCZQnk9kOTYgdgHeld8jQYCNAwls5CnHnyRQ11.fCezFjW98HToN6b5rWM78ErraFcWpyzB4U.WDYTqhPWmU7NhU7dOEm47Dsxn.nsuGM374jHuEhaiSSttfLzmfKlW_mCgH41g6jYQv1.zFmkNf17Zyp0CgyAvTYxHoA4B6CIfI4dYxEqfrqjKd84DHAd1b9JLqgdsyUg6Fl_sLSJmypq0P5oEplCvQqeBtxWAeU26dQI2Kv23p0ezRPrzFrtCMh6JgytL85KfTTiH9e01mNcScKJ3dkfdx3D2ifOLln.5C2vv8T1Sl1GVg4CrIdhoVPBuc3rRk.yWvS8bc_utltJrNJU2BmfvCG3CGQF96NYqb3IdZUODUQKJpmp..Lh4PhFphZzEAf8UVA4D4mafk58hUaQKI55QWWfUd2zBulf8Kol.Ics2358EqkPsBfpFScFbSx2Y.31ypzWrAAdGdRjpHGqc5N90im55h5X34OT44SocAt_C.OWXFBZeubcV5sWnRcU9y1YevbuA.qI5nBynczzYCyGEqEOCiJz7fBL41Xn7yyMNYTMvp9ICdgFsQyEQSwAEfvinUYwCpmRpb9MgA.hQQUEdcrTc_Wr7d6nV.wrcuNF1dU_82rrSrPDKdT3UpMK1cJjxULtt_T_UvMCZm44rpGTEtoIcB6AsuUs67XJtpEzth89vQMYB3BM6ztVKswphNLB_ltRqO_c2.BXklrIEX_Jg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91e9e2e30bb5fe07';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=non-invasive%20electrical%20stimulation&__cf_chl_rt_tk=cIjJmgDM0cdD8aVi26r5.yjEMVpiMrOHwFpG.uIzXCk-1741683886-1.0.1.1-2bsN37CGVDm07MFpmHkVTYF6nnw.U2c25cyyWnonvdI" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>