CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: contour integral approach</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: contour integral approach"> <meta name="keywords" content="contour integral approach"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="contour integral approach" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="contour integral approach"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 14623</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: contour integral approach</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14623</span> Optimization Techniques for Microwave Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malika%20Ourabia">Malika Ourabia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new and efficient method is presented for the analysis of arbitrarily shaped discontinuities. The discontinuities is characterized using a hybrid spectral/numerical technique. This structure presents an arbitrary number of ports, each one with different orientation and dimensions. This article presents a hybrid method based on multimode contour integral and mode matching techniques. The process is based on segmentation and dividing the structure into key building blocks. We use the multimode contour integral method to analyze the blocks including irregular shape discontinuities. Finally, the multimode scattering matrix of the whole structure can be found by cascading the blocks. Therefore, the new method is suitable for analysis of a wide range of waveguide problems. Therefore, the present approach can be applied easily to the analysis of any multiport junctions and cascade blocks. The accuracy of the method is validated comparing with results for several complex problems found in the literature. CPU times are also included to show the efficiency of the new method proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segmentation" title="segmentation">segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=s%20parameters" title=" s parameters"> s parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30565/optimization-techniques-for-microwave-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14622</span> Image Transform Based on Integral Equation-Wavelet Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Yan%20Tang">Yuan Yan Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Yang"> Lina Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Li"> Hong Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Harmonic model is a very important approximation for the image transform. The harmanic model converts an image into arbitrary shape; however, this mode cannot be described by any fixed functions in mathematics. In fact, it is represented by partial differential equation (PDE) with boundary conditions. Therefore, to develop an efficient method to solve such a PDE is extremely significant in the image transform. In this paper, a novel Integral Equation-Wavelet based method is presented, which consists of three steps: (1) The partial differential equation is converted into boundary integral equation and representation by an indirect method. (2) The boundary integral equation and representation are changed to plane integral equation and representation by boundary measure formula. (3) The plane integral equation and representation are then solved by a method we call wavelet collocation. Our approach has two main advantages, the shape of an image is arbitrary and the program code is independent of the boundary. The performance of our method is evaluated by numerical experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonic%20model" title="harmonic model">harmonic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equation%20%28PDE%29" title=" partial differential equation (PDE)"> partial differential equation (PDE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20equation" title=" integral equation"> integral equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20representation" title=" integral representation"> integral representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20measure%20formula" title=" boundary measure formula"> boundary measure formula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20collocation" title=" wavelet collocation"> wavelet collocation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3920/image-transform-based-on-integral-equation-wavelet-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">558</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14621</span> Active Contours for Image Segmentation Based on Complex Domain Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Hussain">Sajid Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The complex domain approach for image segmentation based on active contour has been designed, which deforms step by step to partition an image into numerous expedient regions. A novel region-based trigonometric complex pressure force function is proposed, which propagates around the region of interest using image forces. The signed trigonometric force function controls the propagation of the active contour and the active contour stops on the exact edges of the object accurately. The proposed model makes the level set function binary and uses Gaussian smoothing kernel to adjust and escape the re-initialization procedure. The working principle of the proposed model is as follows: The real image data is transformed into complex data by iota (i) times of image data and the average iota (i) times of horizontal and vertical components of the gradient of image data is inserted in the proposed model to catch complex gradient of the image data. A simple finite difference mathematical technique has been used to implement the proposed model. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed model have been verified and compared with other state-of-the-art models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20segmentation" title="image segmentation">image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20contour" title=" active contour"> active contour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20set" title=" level set"> level set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mumford%20and%20Shah%20model" title=" Mumford and Shah model"> Mumford and Shah model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161606/active-contours-for-image-segmentation-based-on-complex-domain-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14620</span> Numerical Solution of Integral Equations by Using Discrete GHM Multiwavelet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Archit%20Yajnik">Archit Yajnik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rustam%20Ali"> Rustam Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, numerical method based on discrete GHM multiwavelets is presented for solving the Fredholm integral equations of second kind. There is hardly any article available in the literature in which the integral equations are numerically solved using discrete GHM multiwavelet. A number of examples are demonstrated to justify the applicability of the method. In GHM multiwavelets, the values of scaling and wavelet functions are calculated only at t = 0, 0.5 and 1. The numerical solution obtained by the present approach is compared with the traditional Quadrature method. It is observed that the present approach is more accurate and computationally efficient as compared to quadrature method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GHM%20multiwavelet" title="GHM multiwavelet">GHM multiwavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fredholm%20integral%20equations" title=" fredholm integral equations"> fredholm integral equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadrature%20method" title=" quadrature method"> quadrature method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=function%20approximation" title=" function approximation"> function approximation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36311/numerical-solution-of-integral-equations-by-using-discrete-ghm-multiwavelet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14619</span> The Finite Element Method for Nonlinear Fredholm Integral Equation of the Second Kind</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melusi%20Khumalo">Melusi Khumalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastacia%20Dlamini"> Anastacia Dlamini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider a numerical solution for nonlinear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. We work with uniform mesh and use the Lagrange polynomials together with the Galerkin finite element method, where the weight function is chosen in such a way that it takes the form of the approximate solution but with arbitrary coefficients. We implement the finite element method to the nonlinear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. We consider the error analysis of the method. Furthermore, we look at a specific example to illustrate the implementation of the finite element method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title="finite element method">finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galerkin%20approach" title=" Galerkin approach"> Galerkin approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fredholm%20integral%20equations" title=" Fredholm integral equations"> Fredholm integral equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20integral%20equations" title=" nonlinear integral equations"> nonlinear integral equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140832/the-finite-element-method-for-nonlinear-fredholm-integral-equation-of-the-second-kind" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14618</span> On Fourier Type Integral Transform for a Class of Generalized Quotients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Issa">A. S. Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Q.%20AL-Omari"> S. K. Q. AL-Omari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we investigate certain spaces of generalized functions for the Fourier and Fourier type integral transforms. We discuss convolution theorems and establish certain spaces of distributions for the considered integrals. The new Fourier type integral is well-defined, linear, one-to-one and continuous with respect to certain types of convergences. Many properties and an inverse problem are also discussed in some details. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boehmian" title="Boehmian">Boehmian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fourier%20integral" title=" Fourier integral"> Fourier integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fourier%20type%20integral" title=" Fourier type integral"> Fourier type integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20quotient" title=" generalized quotient"> generalized quotient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45947/on-fourier-type-integral-transform-for-a-class-of-generalized-quotients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14617</span> Image Enhancement Algorithm of Photoacoustic Tomography Using Active Contour Filtering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasannakumar%20Palaniappan">Prasannakumar Palaniappan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Ho%20Shin"> Dong Ho Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chul%20Gyu%20Song"> Chul Gyu Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The photoacoustic images are obtained from a custom developed linear array photoacoustic tomography system. The biological specimens are imitated by conducting phantom tests in order to retrieve a fully functional photoacoustic image. The acquired image undergoes the active region based contour filtering to remove the noise and accurately segment the object area for further processing. The universal back projection method is used as the image reconstruction algorithm. The active contour filtering is analyzed by evaluating the signal to noise ratio and comparing it with the other filtering methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20filtering" title="contour filtering">contour filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20array" title=" linear array"> linear array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoacoustic%20tomography" title=" photoacoustic tomography"> photoacoustic tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universal%20back%20projection" title=" universal back projection"> universal back projection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40626/image-enhancement-algorithm-of-photoacoustic-tomography-using-active-contour-filtering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14616</span> Cellular Automata Using Fractional Integral Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20F.%20Hassan">Yasser F. Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a proposed model of cellular automata is studied by means of fractional integral function. A cellular automaton is a decentralized computing model providing an excellent platform for performing complex computation with the help of only local information. The paper discusses how using fractional integral function for representing cellular automata memory or state. The architecture of computing and learning model will be given and the results of calibrating of approach are also given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20integral" title="fractional integral">fractional integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellular%20automata" title=" cellular automata"> cellular automata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55312/cellular-automata-using-fractional-integral-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14615</span> An Improved Method to Eliminate the Distortion of Terrain Relief in DEM Generation Using Contour Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RyongJin%20Ri">RyongJin Ri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SongChol%20Kim"> SongChol Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SungIl%20Jon"> SungIl Jon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KyongIl%20Ji"> KyongIl Ji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> : In this paper, an improved algorithm is proposed to eliminate the distortion of terrain relief when generating DEMs from digitized contour lines in the area bounded by inflectional contour lines such as narrow and long mountain ridges or valleys. To this end, mountain ridge lines (valley lines) are extracted from the area, and the steepest slope segment is detected based on ridge or valley lines. After detecting the steepest slope segment, the elevation of the grid points is interpolated on the profile section using the cubic Hermit function. The experiment shows that the accuracy of the DEM of the terrain-distortionable region generated by the proposed method is improved significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEM" title="DEM">DEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20lines" title=" contour lines"> contour lines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ridge%20line" title=" ridge line"> ridge line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steepest%20slope%20segment" title=" steepest slope segment"> steepest slope segment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194164/an-improved-method-to-eliminate-the-distortion-of-terrain-relief-in-dem-generation-using-contour-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14614</span> Third Party Logistics (3PL) Selection Criteria for an Indian Heavy Industry Using SEM </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadama%20Kumar">Nadama Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Parthiban"> P. Parthiban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Niranjan"> T. Niranjan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present paper, we propose an incorporated approach for 3PL supplier choice that suits the distinctive strategic needs of the outsourcing organization in southern part of India. Four fundamental criteria have been used in particular Performance, IT, Service and Intangible. These are additionally subdivided into fifteen sub-criteria. The proposed strategy coordinates Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Non-additive Fuzzy Integral strategies. The presentation of fluffiness manages the unclearness of human judgments. The SEM approach has been used to approve the determination criteria for the proposed show though the Non-additive Fuzzy Integral approach uses the SEM display contribution to assess a supplier choice score. The case organization has a exclusive vertically integrated assembly that comprises of several companies focusing on a slight array of the value chain. To confirm manufacturing and logistics proficiency, it significantly relies on 3PL suppliers to attain supply chain superiority. However, 3PL supplier selection is an intricate decision-making procedure relating multiple selection criteria. The goal of this work is to recognize the crucial 3PL selection criteria by using the non-additive fuzzy integral approach. Unlike the outmoded multi criterion decision-making (MCDM) methods which frequently undertake independence among criteria and additive importance weights, the nonadditive fuzzy integral is an effective method to resolve the dependency among criteria, vague information, and vital fuzziness of human judgment. In this work, we validate an empirical case that engages the nonadditive fuzzy integral to assess the importance weight of selection criteria and indicate the most suitable 3PL supplier. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3PL" title="3PL">3PL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-additive%20fuzzy%20integral%20approach" title=" non-additive fuzzy integral approach"> non-additive fuzzy integral approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title=" fuzzy"> fuzzy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79215/third-party-logistics-3pl-selection-criteria-for-an-indian-heavy-industry-using-sem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14613</span> Three-Dimensional Numerical Analysis of the Harmfulness of Defects in Oil Pipes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Medjadji">B. Medjadji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Aminallah"> L. Aminallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Serier"> B. Serier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Benlebna"> M. Benlebna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the finite element method in 3-D is used to calculate the integral J in the semi-elliptical crack in a pipe subjected to internal pressure. The stress-strain curve of the pipe has been determined experimentally. The J-integral was calculated in two fronts crack (Ф = 0 and Ф = π/2). The effect of the configuration of the crack on the J integral is analysed. The results show that an external longitudinal crack in a pipe is the most dangerous. It also shows that the increase in the applied pressure causes a remarkable increase of the integral J. The effect of the depth of the crack becomes important when the ratio between the depth of the crack and the thickness of the pipe (a / t) tends to 1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%20integral" title="J integral">J integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pipeline" title=" pipeline"> pipeline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack" title=" crack"> crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEF" title=" MEF"> MEF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4115/three-dimensional-numerical-analysis-of-the-harmfulness-of-defects-in-oil-pipes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14612</span> Quantum Mechanism Approach for Non-Ruin Probability and Comparison of Path Integral Method and Stochastic Simulations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Kaya">Ahmet Kaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantum mechanism is one of the most important approaches to calculating non-ruin probability. We apply standard Dirac notation to model given Hamiltonians. By using the traditional method and eigenvector basis, non-ruin probability is found for several examples. Also, non-ruin probability is calculated for two different Hamiltonian by using the tensor product. Finally, the path integral method is applied to the examples and comparison is made for stochastic simulations and path integral calculation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20physics" title="quantum physics">quantum physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamiltonian%20system" title=" Hamiltonian system"> Hamiltonian system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20integral" title=" path integral"> path integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensor%20product" title=" tensor product"> tensor product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ruin%20probability" title=" ruin probability"> ruin probability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56920/quantum-mechanism-approach-for-non-ruin-probability-and-comparison-of-path-integral-method-and-stochastic-simulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14611</span> Efficient Modeling Technique for Microstrip Discontinuities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassim%20Ourabia">Nassim Ourabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malika%20Ourabia"> Malika Ourabia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new and efficient method is presented for the analysis of arbitrarily shaped discontinuities. The technique obtains closed form expressions for the equivalent circuits which are used to model these discontinuities. Then it would be easy to handle and to characterize complicated structures like T and Y junctions, truncated junctions, arbitrarily shaped junctions, cascading junctions, and more generally planar multiport junctions. Another advantage of this method is that the edge line concept for arbitrary shape junctions operates with real parameters circuits. The validity of the method was further confirmed by comparing our results for various discontinuities (bend, filters) with those from HFSS as well as from other published sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAD%20analysis" title="CAD analysis">CAD analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach" title=" contour integral approach"> contour integral approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20circuits" title=" microwave circuits"> microwave circuits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=s-parameters" title=" s-parameters"> s-parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25945/efficient-modeling-technique-for-microstrip-discontinuities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25945.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14610</span> A Comparative Study on a Tilt-Integral-Derivative Controller with Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller for a Pacemaker</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysan%20Esgandanian">Aysan Esgandanian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabalan%20Daneshvar"> Sabalan Daneshvar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is done to determine the comparison between proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID controller) and tilt-integral-derivative (TID controller) for cardiac pacemaker systems, which can automatically control the heart rate to accurately track a desired preset profile. The controller offers good adaption of heart to the physiological needs of the patient. The parameters of the both controllers are tuned by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm which uses the integral of time square error as a fitness function to be minimized. Simulation results are performed on the developed cardiovascular system of humans and results demonstrate that the TID controller produces superior control performance than PID controllers. In this paper, all simulations were performed in Matlab. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20of%20time%20square%20error" title="integral of time square error">integral of time square error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pacemaker%20systems" title=" pacemaker systems"> pacemaker systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional-integral-derivative%20controller" title=" proportional-integral-derivative controller"> proportional-integral-derivative controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSO%20algorithm" title=" PSO algorithm"> PSO algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tilt-integral-derivative%20controller" title=" tilt-integral-derivative controller"> tilt-integral-derivative controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43351/a-comparative-study-on-a-tilt-integral-derivative-controller-with-proportional-integral-derivative-controller-for-a-pacemaker" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14609</span> Integral Image-Based Differential Filters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kohei%20Inoue">Kohei Inoue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenji%20Hara"> Kenji Hara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiichi%20Urahama"> Kiichi Urahama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We describe a relationship between integral images and differential images. First, we derive a simple difference filter from conventional integral image. In the derivation, we show that an integral image and the corresponding differential image are related to each other by simultaneous linear equations, where the numbers of unknowns and equations are the same, and therefore, we can execute the integration and differentiation by solving the simultaneous equations. We applied the relationship to an image fusion problem, and experimentally verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20images" title="integral images">integral images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20images" title=" differential images"> differential images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20filters" title=" differential filters"> differential filters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20fusion" title=" image fusion"> image fusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8531/integral-image-based-differential-filters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14608</span> An Analytical Approach to Calculate Thermo-Mechanical Stresses in Integral Abutment Bridge Piles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jafar%20Razmi">Jafar Razmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Integral abutment bridges are bridges that do not have joints. If these bridges are subject to large seasonal and daily temperature variations, the expansion and contraction of the bridge slab is transferred to the piles. Since the piles are deep into the soil, displacement induced by slab can cause bending and stresses in piles. These stresses cause fatigue and failure of piles. A complex mechanical interaction exists between the slab, pile, soil and abutment. This complex interaction needs to be understood in order to calculate the stresses in piles. This paper uses a mechanical approach in developing analytical equations for the complex structure to determine the stresses in piles. The solution to these analytical solutions is developed and compared with finite element analysis results and experimental data. Our comparison shows that using analytical approach can accurately predict the displacement in piles. This approach offers a simplified technique that can be utilized without the need for computationally extensive finite element model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20abutment%20bridges" title="integral abutment bridges">integral abutment bridges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piles" title=" piles"> piles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-mechanical%20stress" title=" thermo-mechanical stress"> thermo-mechanical stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20and%20strains" title=" stress and strains"> stress and strains</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90312/an-analytical-approach-to-calculate-thermo-mechanical-stresses-in-integral-abutment-bridge-piles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14607</span> Concentric Circle Detection based on Edge Pre-Classification and Extended RANSAC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhongjie%20Yu">Zhongjie Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hancheng%20Yu"> Hancheng Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose an effective method to detect concentric circles with imperfect edges. First, the gradient of edge pixel is coded and a 2-D lookup table is built to speed up normal generation. Then we take an accumulator to estimate the rough center and collect plausible edges of concentric circles through gradient and distance. Later, we take the contour-based method, which takes the contour and edge intersection, to pre-classify the edges. Finally, we use the extended RANSAC method to find all the candidate circles. The center of concentric circles is determined by the two circles with the highest concentricity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has both good performance and accuracy for the detection of concentric circles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentric%20circle%20detection" title="concentric circle detection">concentric circle detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gradient" title=" gradient"> gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour" title=" contour"> contour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edge%20pre-classification" title=" edge pre-classification"> edge pre-classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RANSAC" title=" RANSAC"> RANSAC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144332/concentric-circle-detection-based-on-edge-pre-classification-and-extended-ransac" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14606</span> Integral Abutment Bridge: A Study on Types, Importance, Limitations and Design Guidelines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babitha%20Elizabeth%20Philip">Babitha Elizabeth Philip</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to study in general about bridges without expansion joints. Integral Abutment Bridges (IAB) fall into this category of bridges. They are having a continuous deck and also the girders are integrated into the abutments. They are most cost effective system in terms of construction, maintenance, and longevity. The main advantage of IAB is that it is corrosion resistant since water is not allowed to pass through the structure. The other attractions of integral bridges are its simple and rapid construction, smooth and uninterrupted deck which provides a safe ride. Also damages to the abutments can be avoided to a great extent due to better load distribution at the bridge ends. Damages due to improper drainage are not seen in IAB because of its properly drained approach slabs thus eliminating the possibility of erosion of the abutment backfill and freeze and thaw damage resulting from saturated backfill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20bridge" title="continuous bridge">continuous bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20abutment%20bridge" title=" integral abutment bridge"> integral abutment bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20bridge" title=" joint bridge"> joint bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20cost" title=" life cycle cost"> life cycle cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20interaction" title=" soil interaction"> soil interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81370/integral-abutment-bridge-a-study-on-types-importance-limitations-and-design-guidelines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14605</span> Neural Network Supervisory Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control of the Pressurized Water Reactor Core Power Load Following Operation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derjew%20Ayele%20Ejigu">Derjew Ayele Ejigu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houde%20Song"> Houde Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaojing%20Liu"> Xiaojing Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents the particle swarm optimization trained neural network (PSO-NN) supervisory proportional integral derivative (PID) control method to monitor the pressurized water reactor (PWR) core power for safe operation. The proposed control approach is implemented on the transfer function of the PWR core, which is computed from the state-space model. The PWR core state-space model is designed from the neutronics, thermal-hydraulics, and reactivity models using perturbation around the equilibrium value. The proposed control approach computes the control rod speed to maneuver the core power to track the reference in a closed-loop scheme. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to train the neural network (NN) and to tune the PID simultaneously. The controller performance is examined using integral absolute error, integral time absolute error, integral square error, and integral time square error functions, and the stability of the system is analyzed by using the Bode diagram. The simulation results indicated that the controller shows satisfactory performance to control and track the load power effectively and smoothly as compared to the PSO-PID control technique. This study will give benefit to design a supervisory controller for nuclear engineering research fields for control application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title="machine learning">machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressurized%20water%20reactor" title=" pressurized water reactor"> pressurized water reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervisory%20controller" title=" supervisory controller"> supervisory controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140523/neural-network-supervisory-proportional-integral-derivative-control-of-the-pressurized-water-reactor-core-power-load-following-operation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14604</span> On a Univalent Function and the Integral Means of Its Derivative</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shatha%20S.%20Alhily">Shatha S. Alhily</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research paper is to show all the possible values of the pth power of the integrable function which make the integral means of the derivative of univalent function existing and ﬁnite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=derivative" title="derivative">derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20means" title=" integral means"> integral means</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20conformal%20maps" title=" self conformal maps"> self conformal maps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=univalent%20function" title=" univalent function"> univalent function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34053/on-a-univalent-function-and-the-integral-means-of-its-derivative" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">629</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14603</span> Contour Defects of Face with Hyperpigmentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afzaal%20Bashir">Afzaal Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunaina%20Afzaal"> Sunaina Afzaal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Facial contour deformities associated with pigmentary changes are of major concern for plastic surgeons, both being important and difficult in treating such issues. No definite ideal treatment option is available to simultaneously address both the contour defect as well as related pigmentation. Objectives: The aim of the current study is to compare the long-term effects of conventional adipose tissue grafting and ex-vivo expanded Mesenchymal Stem Cells enriched adipose tissue grafting for the treatment of contour deformities with pigmentary changes on the face. Material and Methods: In this study, eighty (80) patients with contour deformities of the face with hyperpigmentation were recruited after informed consent. Two techniques i.e., conventional fat grafting (C-FG) and fat grafts enriched with expanded adipose stem cells (FG-ASCs), were used to address the pigmentation. Both techniques were explained to patients, and enrolled patients were divided into two groups i.e., C-FG and FG-ASCS, per patients’ choice and satisfaction. Patients of the FG-ASCs group were treated with fat grafts enriched with expanded adipose stem cells, while patients of the C-FGs group were treated with conventional fat grafting. Patients were followed for 12 months, and improvement in face pigmentation was assessed clinically as well as measured objectively. Patient satisfaction was also documented as highly satisfied, satisfied, and unsatisfied. Results: Mean age of patients was 24.42(±4.49), and 66 patients were females. The forehead was involved in 61.20% of cases, the cheek in 21.20% of cases, the chin in 11.20% of cases, and the nose in 6.20% of cases. In the GF-ASCs group, the integrated color density (ICD) was decreased (1.08×10⁶ ±4.64×10⁵) as compared to the C-FG group (2.80×10⁵±1.69×10⁵). Patients treated with fat grafts enriched with expanded adipose stem cells were significantly more satisfied as compared to patients treated with conventional fat grafting only. Conclusion: Mesenchymal stem cell-enriched autologous fat grafting is a preferred option for improving the contour deformities related to increased pigmentation of face skin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperpigmentation" title="hyperpigmentation">hyperpigmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20density" title=" color density"> color density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enriched%20adipose%20tissue%20graft" title=" enriched adipose tissue graft"> enriched adipose tissue graft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fat%20grafting" title=" fat grafting"> fat grafting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20deformities" title=" contour deformities"> contour deformities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Image%20J" title=" Image J"> Image J</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162936/contour-defects-of-face-with-hyperpigmentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14602</span> Multidimensional Integral and Discrete Opial–Type Inequalities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maja%20Andri%C4%87">Maja Andrić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josip%20Pe%C4%8Dari%C4%87"> Josip Pečarić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the last five decades, an enormous amount of work has been done on Opial’s integral inequality, dealing with new proofs, various generalizations, extensions and discrete analogs. The Opial inequality is recognized as a fundamental result in the analysis of qualitative properties of solution of differential equations. We use submultiplicative convex functions, appropriate representations of functions and inequalities involving means to obtain generalizations and extensions of certain known multidimensional integral and discrete Opial-type inequalities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opial%27s%20inequality" title="Opial's inequality">Opial's inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jensen%27s%20inequality" title=" Jensen's inequality"> Jensen's inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20inequality" title=" integral inequality"> integral inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20inequality" title=" discrete inequality"> discrete inequality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41583/multidimensional-integral-and-discrete-opial-type-inequalities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14601</span> Two Dimensional Numerical Analysis for the Seismic Response of the Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Integral Abutments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawei%20Shen">Dawei Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Xu"> Ming Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pengfei%20Liu"> Pengfei Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The joints between simply supported bridge decks and abutments need to be regularly repaired, which would greatly increase the cost during the service life of the bridge. Simply supported girder bridges suffered the most severe damage during earthquakes. Another type of bridge, the integral bridge, of which the superstructure and abutment are rigidly connected, was also used in some European countries. Because no bearings or joints exit in the integral bridge, this type of bridge could significantly reduce maintenance requirements and costs. However, conventional integral bridge usually result in high earth pressure on the abutment and surface settlement in the backfill. To solve these problems, a new type of integral bridge, geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) integral bridge, was come up in recent years. This newly invented bridge has not been used in engineering practices. There was a lack of research on the seismic behavior of the conventional and new type of integral abutments. In addition, no common design code could be found for the calculation of seismic pressure of soil behind the abutment. This paper developed a dynamic constitutive model, which can consider the soil behaviors under cyclic loading. Numerical analyses of the seismic response of a full height integral bridge and GRS integral bridge were carried out using the two-dimensional numerical code, FLAC. A parametric study was also performed to investigate the soil-structure interaction. The results are presented below. The seismic responses of GRS integral bridge together with conventional simply supported bridge, GRS conventional bridge and conventional integral bridge were investigated. The results show that the GRS integral bridge holds the highest seismic stability, followed by conventional integral bridge, GRS simply supported bridge and conventional simply supported bridge. Compared with the integral bridge with 1 m thick abutments, the GRS integral bridge with 0.4 m thick abutments is subjected to a smaller bending moment, and the natural frequency and horizontal displacement remains almost the same. Geosynthetic-reinforcement will be more effective when the abutment becomes thinner or the abutment is higher. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geosynthetic-reinforced%20soil%20integral%20bridge" title="geosynthetic-reinforced soil integral bridge">geosynthetic-reinforced soil integral bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20hysteretic%20model" title=" nonlinear hysteretic model"> nonlinear hysteretic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20response" title=" seismic response"> seismic response</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66220/two-dimensional-numerical-analysis-for-the-seismic-response-of-the-geosynthetic-reinforced-soil-integral-abutments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14600</span> Numerical Investigation of Pressure and Velocity Field Contours of Dynamics of Drop Formation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pardeep%20Bishnoi">Pardeep Bishnoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayank%20Srivastava"> Mayank Srivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrityunjay%20Kumar%20Sinha"> Mrityunjay Kumar Sinha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article represents the numerical investigation of the pressure and velocity field variation of the dynamics of pendant drop formation through a capillary tube. Numerical simulations are executed using volume of fluid (VOF) method in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this problem, Non Newtonian fluid is considered as dispersed fluid whereas air is considered as a continuous fluid. Pressure contours at various time steps expose that pressure varies nearly hydrostatically at each step of the dynamics of drop formation. A result also shows the pressure variation of the liquid droplet during free fall in the computational domain. The evacuation of the fluid from the necking region is also shown by the contour of the velocity field. The role of surface tension in the Pressure contour of the dynamics of drop formation is also studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20contour" title="pressure contour">pressure contour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20tension" title=" surface tension"> surface tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20of%20fluid" title=" volume of fluid"> volume of fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20field" title=" velocity field"> velocity field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56670/numerical-investigation-of-pressure-and-velocity-field-contours-of-dynamics-of-drop-formation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14599</span> Thermal Fracture Analysis of Fibrous Composites with Variable Fiber Spacing Using Jk-Integral</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Saeidi">Farid Saeidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serkan%20Dag"> Serkan Dag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, fracture analysis of a fibrous composite laminate with variable fiber spacing is carried out using Jk-integral method. The laminate is assumed to be under thermal loading. Jk-integral is formulated by using the constitutive relations of plane orthotropic thermoelasticity. Developed domain independent form of the Jk-integral is then integrated into the general purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS. Numerical results are generated so as to assess the influence of variable fiber spacing on mode I and II stress intensity factors, energy release rate, and T-stress. For verification, some of the results are compared to those obtained using displacement correlation technique (DCT). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jk-integral" title="Jk-integral">Jk-integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Variable%20Fiber%20Spacing" title=" Variable Fiber Spacing"> Variable Fiber Spacing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thermoelasticity" title=" Thermoelasticity"> Thermoelasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T-stress" title=" T-stress"> T-stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finite%20Element%20Method" title=" Finite Element Method"> Finite Element Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fibrous%20Composite." title=" Fibrous Composite."> Fibrous Composite.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58021/thermal-fracture-analysis-of-fibrous-composites-with-variable-fiber-spacing-using-jk-integral" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14598</span> Object-Oriented Multivariate Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control of Hydraulic Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Fernandez%20de%20Canete">J. Fernandez de Canete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Fernandez-Calvo"> S. Fernandez-Calvo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Garc%C3%ADa-Moral"> I. García-Moral</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents and discusses the application of the object-oriented modelling software SIMSCAPE to hydraulic systems, with particular reference to multivariable proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. As a result, a particular modelling approach of a double cylinder-piston coupled system is proposed and motivated, and the SIMULINK based PID tuning tool has also been used to select the proper controller parameters. The paper demonstrates the usefulness of the object-oriented approach when both physical modelling and control are tackled. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object-oriented%20modeling" title="object-oriented modeling">object-oriented modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivariable%20hydraulic%20system" title=" multivariable hydraulic system"> multivariable hydraulic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivariable%20PID%20control" title=" multivariable PID control"> multivariable PID control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20simulation" title=" computer simulation"> computer simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67799/object-oriented-multivariate-proportional-integral-derivative-control-of-hydraulic-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14597</span> Numerical Approach for Solving the Hyper Singular Integral Equation in the Analysis of a Central Symmetrical Crack within an Infinite Strip</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikram%20Slamani">Ikram Slamani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hicheme%20Ferdjani"> Hicheme Ferdjani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on analyzing a Griffith crack situated at the center of an infinite strip. The problem is reformulated as a hyper-singular integral equation and solved numerically using second-order Chebyshev polynomials. The primary objective is to calculate the stress intensity factor in mode 1, denoted as K1. The obtained results reveal the influence of the strip width and crack length on the stress intensity factor, assuming stress-free edges. Additionally, a comparison is made with relevant literature to validate the findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=center%20crack" title="center crack">center crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chebyshev%20polynomial" title=" Chebyshev polynomial"> Chebyshev polynomial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyper%20singular%20integral%20equation" title=" hyper singular integral equation"> hyper singular integral equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Griffith" title=" Griffith"> Griffith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infinite%20strip" title=" infinite strip"> infinite strip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20intensity%20factor" title=" stress intensity factor"> stress intensity factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167367/numerical-approach-for-solving-the-hyper-singular-integral-equation-in-the-analysis-of-a-central-symmetrical-crack-within-an-infinite-strip" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14596</span> Comparison of Proportional-Integral (P-I) and Integral-Propotional (I-P) Controllers for Speed Control in Vector Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Srikanth">V. Srikanth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Balasubramanian"> K. Balasubramanian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajath%20R.%20Bhat"> Rajath R. Bhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Arjun"> A. S. Arjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nandhu%20Venugopal"> Nandhu Venugopal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ananthu%20Unnikrishnan"> Ananthu Unnikrishnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indirect vector control is known to produce high performance in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drives by decoupling flux and torque producing current components of stator current. The most commonly used controller or the vector control of AC motor is Proportional-Integral (P-I) controller. However, the P-I controller has some disadvantages such as high starting overshoot, sensitivity to controller gains and slower response to sudden disturbance. Therefore, the Integral-Proportional controller for PMSM drives to overcome the disadvantages of the P-I controller. Simulations results are presented and analyzed for both controllers and it is observed that Integral-Proportional (I-P) controllers give better responses than the traditional P-I controllers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMSM" title="PMSM">PMSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FOC" title=" FOC"> FOC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PI%20controller" title=" PI controller"> PI controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IP%20controller" title=" IP controller"> IP controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51399/comparison-of-proportional-integral-p-i-and-integral-propotional-i-p-controllers-for-speed-control-in-vector-controlled-permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor-drive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14595</span> Particle Filter Supported with the Neural Network for Aircraft Tracking Based on Kernel and Active Contour</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Izadkhah">Mohammad Izadkhah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Hoseini"> Mojtaba Hoseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Khalili%20Tehrani"> Alireza Khalili Tehrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we presented a new method for tracking flying targets in color video sequences based on contour and kernel. The aim of this work is to overcome the problem of losing target in changing light, large displacement, changing speed, and occlusion. The proposed method is made in three steps, estimate the target location by particle filter, segmentation target region using neural network and find the exact contours by greedy snake algorithm. In the proposed method we have used both region and contour information to create target candidate model and this model is dynamically updated during tracking. To avoid the accumulation of errors when updating, target region given to a perceptron neural network to separate the target from background. Then its output used for exact calculation of size and center of the target. Also it is used as the initial contour for the greedy snake algorithm to find the exact target's edge. The proposed algorithm has been tested on a database which contains a lot of challenges such as high speed and agility of aircrafts, background clutter, occlusions, camera movement, and so on. The experimental results show that the use of neural network increases the accuracy of tracking and segmentation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20tracking" title="video tracking">video tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20filter" title=" particle filter"> particle filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greedy%20snake" title=" greedy snake"> greedy snake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11913/particle-filter-supported-with-the-neural-network-for-aircraft-tracking-based-on-kernel-and-active-contour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14594</span> A Phenomenological Expression for Self-Attractive Energy of Singlelayer Graphene Sheets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bingjie%20Wu">Bingjie Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Q.%20Ru"> C. Q. Ru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work studies several reasonably expected candidate integral forms for self-attractive potential energy of a free monolayer graphene sheet. The admissibility of a specific integral form for ripple formation is verified, while all others most of the candidate integral forms are rejected based on the non-existence of stable periodic ripples. Based on the selected integral form of self-attractive potential energy, some mechanical behavior, including ripple formation and buckling, of a free monolayer grapheme sheet are discussed in details <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title="graphene">graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monolayer" title=" monolayer"> monolayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ripples" title=" ripples"> ripples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=van%20der%20Waals%20energy" title=" van der Waals energy"> van der Waals energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27727/a-phenomenological-expression-for-self-attractive-energy-of-singlelayer-graphene-sheets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=487">487</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=488">488</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20integral%20approach&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>