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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Viking Age Scandinavia</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">39,480 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Viking Age Scandinavia</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23689783 coauthored" data-work_id="23689783" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23689783/Migration_and_Viking_Dublin_paleomobility_and_paleodiet_through_isotopic_analyses">Migration and Viking Dublin: paleomobility and paleodiet through isotopic analyses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bioarcheology Biogeochemistry Carbon isotope analysis Ireland Nitrogen isotope analysis Oxygen isotope analysis Radiogenic strontium isotope analysis a b s t r a c t During the early medieval period in Ireland, Dublin was established as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23689783" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bioarcheology Biogeochemistry Carbon isotope analysis Ireland Nitrogen isotope analysis Oxygen isotope analysis Radiogenic strontium isotope analysis a b s t r a c t During the early medieval period in Ireland, Dublin was established as the largest Viking settlement on the island in the ninth century AD. A previous biodistance study has suggested that the population of the town consisted of a polyethnic amalgam of immigrant and indigenous. In this study, we use biogeochemistry to investigate paleomobility and paleodiet in archeological human remains from the ninth to eleventh century levels at the sites at Fishamble Street II (National Museum of Ireland excavation number E172), Fishamble Street III (E190) and John's Lane (E173), as well as twelfth-century remains from Wood Quay (E132). Through radiogenic strontium isotope, stable oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen isotope, and elemental concentration analyses, we investigate the origins of the individuals who lived and died in early and late Viking Dublin. Mean archaeological human enamel and bone isotope values from Dublin are 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ¼ 0.70975 AE 0.00139 (2s, n ¼ 22), d 13 C carbonate(V-PDB) ¼ À14.8& AE 0.8& (1s, n ¼ 12), and d 18 O carbonate(V-PDB) ¼ À7.2& AE 1.0& (1s, n ¼ 12). Archaeological human bone samples exhibit mean d 13 C collagen(V-PDB) ¼ À20.8& AE 0.5& (1s, n ¼ 12) and mean d 15 N collagen(AIR) ¼ þ10.0& AE 1.7& (1s, n ¼ 12).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23689783" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="767bf406aa407fae3ed74ec7d55ab62c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44095825,"asset_id":23689783,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44095825/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35390988" href="https://ucc-ie.academia.edu/BODonnabhain">Barra O'Donnabhain</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35390988" type="text/json">{"id":35390988,"first_name":"Barra","last_name":"O'Donnabhain","domain_name":"ucc-ie","page_name":"BODonnabhain","display_name":"Barra O'Donnabhain","profile_url":"https://ucc-ie.academia.edu/BODonnabhain?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35390988/24670624/23539625/s65_barra.o_donnabhain.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-23689783">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-23689783"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://asu.academia.edu/CharisseCarver">Charisse Carver</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-23689783'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-23689783').html(); 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A previous biodistance study has suggested that the population of the town consisted of a polyethnic amalgam of immigrant and indigenous. In this study, we use biogeochemistry to investigate paleomobility and paleodiet in archeological human remains from the ninth to eleventh century levels at the sites at Fishamble Street II (National Museum of Ireland excavation number E172), Fishamble Street III (E190) and John's Lane (E173), as well as twelfth-century remains from Wood Quay (E132). Through radiogenic strontium isotope, stable oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen isotope, and elemental concentration analyses, we investigate the origins of the individuals who lived and died in early and late Viking Dublin. Mean archaeological human enamel and bone isotope values from Dublin are 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ¼ 0.70975 AE 0.00139 (2s, n ¼ 22), d 13 C carbonate(V-PDB) ¼ À14.8\u0026 AE 0.8\u0026 (1s, n ¼ 12), and d 18 O carbonate(V-PDB) ¼ À7.2\u0026 AE 1.0\u0026 (1s, n ¼ 12). Archaeological human bone samples exhibit mean d 13 C collagen(V-PDB) ¼ À20.8\u0026 AE 0.5\u0026 (1s, n ¼ 12) and mean d 15 N collagen(AIR) ¼ þ10.0\u0026 AE 1.7\u0026 (1s, n ¼ 12).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44095825,"asset_id":23689783,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35390988,"first_name":"Barra","last_name":"O'Donnabhain","domain_name":"ucc-ie","page_name":"BODonnabhain","display_name":"Barra O'Donnabhain","profile_url":"https://ucc-ie.academia.edu/BODonnabhain?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35390988/24670624/23539625/s65_barra.o_donnabhain.jpg"},{"id":269749,"first_name":"Charisse","last_name":"Carver","domain_name":"asu","page_name":"CharisseCarver","display_name":"Charisse Carver","profile_url":"https://asu.academia.edu/CharisseCarver?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/269749/66193/72887/s65_charisse.carver.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":1703,"name":"Stable Isotope Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Analysis?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":7941,"name":"Stable Isotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotopes?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9284,"name":"Early Medieval Ireland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Ireland?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":25048,"name":"Archaeological Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Chemistry?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":236952,"name":"Bone chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_chemistry?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12265830" data-work_id="12265830" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12265830/Arts_Culture_and_Quality_of_Life_in_Global_Cities">Arts, Culture and Quality of Life in Global Cities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The presence of arts and cultural institutions and networks is vital to the health of any global city, old, and new. But it is less apparent how we measure their contributions to quality of life issues in the rapidly changing mega cities... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12265830" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The presence of arts and cultural institutions and networks is vital to the health of any global city, old, and new. But it is less apparent how we measure their contributions to quality of life issues in the rapidly changing mega cities of the global north or south.<br /><br />How do we develop quantitative and qualitative measurements to assess the impact of arts and culture on the quality of life in cities? How do we balance issues of social justice and creativity in cities where the super-rich and the ultra-poor of the world reside and often collide? What is the role of public and private sectors in creating a healthy cultural ecology in a global city? How do we measure value beyond the economic impact of the arts—numbers of tickets sold, number of tourists visiting the city, the gentrification of a neighborhood? What are the key ingredients for a healthy cultural ecology of the city, taking into account artists, large established institutions as well as smaller arts organizations?  What are the barriers to the successful implementation of cultural policy in global cities?<br /><br /><br />Columbia University’s Committee on Global Thought, in partnership with Ford Foundation and the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs (DCA), organized a one-day<br />program to bring together scholars, policy makers, private sector and non-profit leaders, and practitioners—artists, architects, planners, community activists—to discuss some of these urgent issues around developing a better understanding of the role arts and culture can play in the social health of global cities.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12265830" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f48afef4259f382fe03d4c1a97e88a44" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37561581,"asset_id":12265830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37561581/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5006070" href="https://columbia.academia.edu/ChrisLucas">Christopher E Lucas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5006070" type="text/json">{"id":5006070,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Lucas","domain_name":"columbia","page_name":"ChrisLucas","display_name":"Christopher E Lucas","profile_url":"https://columbia.academia.edu/ChrisLucas?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5006070/2172710/19046759/s65_christopher.lucas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12265830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12265830"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12265830, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12265830", }); 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But it is less apparent how we measure their contributions to quality of life issues in the rapidly changing mega cities of the global north or south.\n\nHow do we develop quantitative and qualitative measurements to assess the impact of arts and culture on the quality of life in cities? How do we balance issues of social justice and creativity in cities where the super-rich and the ultra-poor of the world reside and often collide? What is the role of public and private sectors in creating a healthy cultural ecology in a global city? How do we measure value beyond the economic impact of the arts—numbers of tickets sold, number of tourists visiting the city, the gentrification of a neighborhood? What are the key ingredients for a healthy cultural ecology of the city, taking into account artists, large established institutions as well as smaller arts organizations? What are the barriers to the successful implementation of cultural policy in global cities?\n\n\nColumbia University’s Committee on Global Thought, in partnership with Ford Foundation and the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs (DCA), organized a one-day\nprogram to bring together scholars, policy makers, private sector and non-profit leaders, and practitioners—artists, architects, planners, community activists—to discuss some of these urgent issues around developing a better understanding of the role arts and culture can play in the social health of global cities.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37561581,"asset_id":12265830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5006070,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Lucas","domain_name":"columbia","page_name":"ChrisLucas","display_name":"Christopher E Lucas","profile_url":"https://columbia.academia.edu/ChrisLucas?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5006070/2172710/19046759/s65_christopher.lucas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":196,"name":"Future Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":3051,"name":"Contemporary Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Art?f_ri=38420"},{"id":4974,"name":"Logistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logistics?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7125,"name":"Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42234543" data-work_id="42234543" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42234543/Mulligan_Talking_Place_and_Mapping_Icelandic_Identity_in_%C3%8Dslendingab%C3%B3k_and_Landn%C3%A1mab%C3%B3k">Mulligan, Talking Place and Mapping Icelandic Identity in Íslendingabók and Landnámabók</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This chapter focuses on acts of speaking, writing, and hearing verbalized accounts of Icelandic place, and their role in establishing a distinct Icelandic identity in Íslendingabók and Landnámabók. The chapter opens by considering how the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42234543" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This chapter focuses on acts of speaking, writing, and hearing verbalized accounts of Icelandic place, and their role in establishing a distinct Icelandic identity in Íslendingabók and Landnámabók. The chapter opens by considering how the landscape of Iceland is verbally mapped, and argues that this is a textual priority for the Icelanders. While many of the places featured in Íslendingabók and Landnámabók were historically real, verbalized topographies, which can collapse time, animate foundational events and actors, accomplish something more. Like pilgrimage and travel accounts, verbal topographies enable moving, affective experiences and provide admission to an aspirational Icelandic national space fusing real and imagined elements. This chapter demonstrates that through the combination of writing, oral performance of placelore episodes (on site and otherwise), and the resultant experience of living within a re-imagined, storied landscape of Iceland, important lessons about Icelandic identity are transmitted.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42234543" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="34fb0d3182039c5d53dbc9e47a5a3985" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62384049,"asset_id":42234543,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62384049/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="506347" href="https://nd.academia.edu/AmyMulligan">Amy Mulligan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="506347" type="text/json">{"id":506347,"first_name":"Amy","last_name":"Mulligan","domain_name":"nd","page_name":"AmyMulligan","display_name":"Amy Mulligan","profile_url":"https://nd.academia.edu/AmyMulligan?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/506347/175395/204464/s65_amy.mulligan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42234543 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42234543"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42234543, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42234543", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42234543 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42234543; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42234543"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42234543 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42234543"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42234543; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42234543]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42234543").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42234543").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42234543"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Place_and_Identity">Place and Identity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2433" type="text/json">{"id":2433,"name":"Place and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Place_and_Identity?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4235" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature">Old Norse Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4235" type="text/json">{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5631" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Diaspora">Irish Diaspora</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5631" type="text/json">{"id":5631,"name":"Irish Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Diaspora?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42234543]'), work: {"id":42234543,"title":"Mulligan, Talking Place and Mapping Icelandic Identity in Íslendingabók and Landnámabók","created_at":"2020-03-16T12:44:42.061-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42234543/Mulligan_Talking_Place_and_Mapping_Icelandic_Identity_in_%C3%8Dslendingab%C3%B3k_and_Landn%C3%A1mab%C3%B3k?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_42234543","summary":"This chapter focuses on acts of speaking, writing, and hearing verbalized accounts of Icelandic place, and their role in establishing a distinct Icelandic identity in Íslendingabók and Landnámabók. The chapter opens by considering how the landscape of Iceland is verbally mapped, and argues that this is a textual priority for the Icelanders. While many of the places featured in Íslendingabók and Landnámabók were historically real, verbalized topographies, which can collapse time, animate foundational events and actors, accomplish something more. Like pilgrimage and travel accounts, verbal topographies enable moving, affective experiences and provide admission to an aspirational Icelandic national space fusing real and imagined elements. This chapter demonstrates that through the combination of writing, oral performance of placelore episodes (on site and otherwise), and the resultant experience of living within a re-imagined, storied landscape of Iceland, important lessons about Icelandic identity are transmitted. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62384049,"asset_id":42234543,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":506347,"first_name":"Amy","last_name":"Mulligan","domain_name":"nd","page_name":"AmyMulligan","display_name":"Amy Mulligan","profile_url":"https://nd.academia.edu/AmyMulligan?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/506347/175395/204464/s65_amy.mulligan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":2433,"name":"Place and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Place_and_Identity?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":5631,"name":"Irish Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Diaspora?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":9285,"name":"Early Medieval Scotland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Scotland?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9681,"name":"Old Irish Language and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Irish_Language_and_Literature?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11908,"name":"Old Norse Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Language?f_ri=38420"},{"id":18284,"name":"Sagas of Icelanders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sagas_of_Icelanders?f_ri=38420"},{"id":27942,"name":"Vikings in the North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_North_Atlantic?f_ri=38420"},{"id":28997,"name":"Anglo-Saxon literature and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_literature_and_culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":49505,"name":"Icelandic Sagas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Icelandic_Sagas?f_ri=38420"},{"id":99555,"name":"Comparative medieval literature and culture (German, English, Old Norse \u0026 Old French)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_medieval_literature_and_culture_German_English_Old_Norse_and_Old_French_?f_ri=38420"},{"id":147764,"name":"Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trade_and_travel_in_medieval_Europe_and_the_Mediterranean?f_ri=38420"},{"id":209331,"name":"Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse-Icelandic_Literature_and_Culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":531422,"name":"North Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_Sea?f_ri=38420"},{"id":1034296,"name":"Medieval Hagiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Hagiography?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36442420 coauthored" data-work_id="36442420" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36442420/Gotland_the_pearl_of_the_Baltic_Sea_home_of_the_Varangians_pages_166_267">Gotland the pearl of the Baltic Sea, home of the Varangians pages 166-267</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To understand the history of Gotland, the home of the Varangians, one must fully realize that Gotland was an independent Merchant Farmers’ Republic, and the hub of the Baltic Sea region, which from time immemorial had its relations mainly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36442420" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To understand the history of Gotland, the home of the Varangians, one must fully realize that Gotland was an independent Merchant Farmers’ Republic, and the hub of the Baltic Sea region, which from time immemorial had its relations mainly east and south. The Gotlandic history is misleading and difficult to understand if it is bundled with the Swedish history, which so far has been done. They both have their separate history. <br />There are some deadlocks in Swedish history which have blocked the view for a broader perspective. I here think of the Roman sources about the Baltic Sea region. In the 1600s when Sweden was a super- power they had to give it a story that matched its position in the world and when they in the Roman sources found peoples and places that started with an ‘S’ they immediately concluded that it must be ‘Svear’ and the ‘Scandinavian peninsula’. <br />The Roman name for the Scandinavian peninsula was, however, still in the 500s THULE. This historical picture was created by Johannes Magnus, and continued by Olof Rudbeck in ‘Atlantica’. Still today many writers without thought are copying these old delusions that the Roman writers would have written about some mighty Svear at the beginning of our era. <br />Let us look at the archaeological evidences and take such a simple example as the 7500 Roman coins from Tacitus time and there about, denarius, found in present day Sweden. 6500 of these are from Gotland. Only 80 are from the Lake Mälar area. Or take the quantity of bronze bowls from the Capuan factory outside Naples found on Gotland. <br />How can Swedish scholars with this quantity of finds on Gotland from the Roman Imperial time pretend that Gotland did not exist? <br />Tacitus wrote about Suionum Civitate. He accordingly tells about the people who lived in Mare Suebicum (the Baltic Sea), i.e. the Gotlanders, who already then had reached a high cultural level and had trade relations all over Europe, including the Roman Empire. <br />He continues: “Upon the Suiones, border the people Sitones; and agreeing with them in all other things, differ from them in one, that here the sovereignty is exercised by a woman. So notoriously do they degenerate not only from a state of liberty, but even below a state of bondage. Here end the territories of the Suevians.” The Sithones lived in the Lake Mälar area and are what we later call Svear.  <br />From the archaeological findings we can accordingly establish that trade relations between Gotland and the Roman Empire were intense. <br />No Svea kingdom as such existed yet at that time. Tacitus says that the people in the Lake Mälar area were ruled by a woman. Still in the Beowulf epos, probably written down in the 700s, the people in the Lake Mälar area are not known as Svear but as Skilfings. <br />It is quite clear that historical observations can not only be based on name similarities, but one must first look at the map, the archaeological finds and the chronological development and only secondarily try to match the names that different peoples have had in different areas at different times, and when these names first appear in written sources. <br />The early history is a piece of myth, oral tradition and fragmentary records. From all this can suddenly emerge a pattern, the outline of a process that may not be scientifically inviolable, which it never really can be. Yet it is nearer the truth than you could ever reach with ‘scientific accuracy’. <br />If you take the Guta Saga, written down about 1220, and the Beowulf Epos, written down in the 700s, as serious as Snorri Sturluson’s ‘Nordiska kungasagor’, written down about 1220, has been honored - i.e. as evidence in lack of better sources, there will open up a new, breathtaking perspective regarding Gotlandic, Swedish and Scandinavian history during the Roman time of the emperors and the Migration Period. Yes also that of Europe. <br />Already in the Bronze Age and early Iron Age there are signs of Gotlandic trading Emporiums on the east coast of the Baltic Sea and all the way to the river Volga. <br />Trade, especially amber trade, experiences in the Bronze Age a large bloom. The Gotlanders seem to have controlled the amber trade with trading Emporiums in the Vistula area. The extensive trade relations convey influences from outside. From southern cultural centers, Egypt, Crete, Mycenae, spiritual impulses stretched their effects also to the Baltic Sea region and Gotland.  <br />The immigration of the Herul Royal family (Svear) to the Lake Mälar area in the early 500s, when they bring a new ruling dynasty and a new religion to the area (what we today know as the Ynglinga dynasty and the Æsir religion), is mentioned in several sources. Their entrance on the stage changes the situation in the Baltic Sea region. The wars between the Skilfings (Svear) and the Gotlanders are mentioned in the Beowulf epos. <br />The Guta Saga tells that the Gotlanders always kept the victory and their right: “Many kings fought against Gutland while it was heathen; the Gotlanders, however, always held the victory and constantly protected their rights. Later the Gotlanders sent a large number of messengers to ‘suiarikis’ (Svear), but none of them could make peace before Avair Strabain of Alva parish. He made the first peace with the ‘suja kunung’ (king of the Svear).” <br />The Trade Treaty between the Gotlanders and the Svear, probably from second half of the 500s, means that the Gotlanders could freely trade on the new kingdom in the Lake Mälar area and its conquered lands east of the Baltic Sea. There were large Gotlandic trading Emporiums, i. a. in Grobina (Latvia) ca 650-850 CE, an area at that time conquered by the Svear. Helgö and Birka would be trading places with large Gotlandic influence. E.g., writes Adam of Bremen in his story, Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum, that “Birka is a Gotlandic (Gothia) town located in the middle of the country of the Sveoner.” <br />A new way of burial appears in the Lake Mälar area in the 500s, as well as the introduction of the Roman calendar. If we accept that the Heruli settle in the Lake Mälar area at this time, as mentioned by Procopius, it explains a lot. Actually this in fact explains the rise of the Vendel era, which in the Lake Mälar area starts first half of the 500s and continues until the beginning of the Middle Ages. On Gotland it starts about 50 years earlier and is explained by the Gotlanders’ close contacts with Theoderic’s Gothic kingdom. <br />The first writer to mention some people on the Scandinavian peninsula (THULE), except Tacitus Sitonens in the Lake Mälar area, is Prokopios who wrote in the 500s. With the discovery that the Beowulf epos is about the Gotlanders in combination with the Heruls immigration to the Lake Mälar area we have been able to shed new light on the Gotlandic history. Indeed the history of the whole Baltic Sea region has come in a whole new light. We now have a link between the Beowulf epos, Guta Saga and the archaeological finds from the 400s and 500s. <br />Roman gold coins known as solidi have been found on the three Baltic Sea islands: Bornholm, 150, Öland 298, Gotland 270 + 47 on the market place Helgö in Mälaren. The latter have been intended as raw material and are according to the researchers most likely derived from Gotland. It is obvious here to see Helgö and then Birka as Gotlandic trading venues, as implied by the archaeological sources. Gotland’s importance for trade and culture in the Baltic Sea region during the first millennium can also be illustrated by the coin finds. <br />From the 500s until the 1000s the Gotlanders have, according to Swedish researchers, been considered to rarely be mentioned in ancient sources. They are, however, well known in Arabic and Byzantine sources as al-Rus’ and Varangian merchants. The word Varangian was used by Arabs, Greeks and Kievan Rus’ for the merchants from the island in the Baltic Sea region (the Gotlanders). It probably came from the old Norse word ‘vár’, which means ‘union through promise’, and was used by a group of men to keep them together in an association, and under oath observe certain obligations to support each other in good faith and to share the resulting profits. It was a common word, when trading adventures were undertaken by Gotlandic tradesmen on the Russian rivers. They closed a business contract with each other and pledged to defend each other. Another meaning of the word was for the Gotlanders who acted as mercenary soldiers to the rulers of Khazaria, Miklagarðr (Constantinople) and Garðaríki (Kievan Rus’). <br />The Gotlandic Varangian Guard was an elite unit of the Byzantine army formed under emperor Basil II in 988. .</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36442420" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a7636fcbc3ea0f8730b490ef326e872c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56356815,"asset_id":36442420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56356815/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="844396" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ToreGannholm">Tore Gannholm</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="844396" type="text/json">{"id":844396,"first_name":"Tore","last_name":"Gannholm","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ToreGannholm","display_name":"Tore Gannholm","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ToreGannholm?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/844396/2675614/3113994/s65_tore.gannholm.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-36442420">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-36442420"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TGannholm">Tore Gannholm</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-36442420'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-36442420').html(); 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The Gotlandic history is misleading and difficult to understand if it is bundled with the Swedish history, which so far has been done. They both have their separate history. \r\nThere are some deadlocks in Swedish history which have blocked the view for a broader perspective. I here think of the Roman sources about the Baltic Sea region. In the 1600s when Sweden was a super- power they had to give it a story that matched its position in the world and when they in the Roman sources found peoples and places that started with an ‘S’ they immediately concluded that it must be ‘Svear’ and the ‘Scandinavian peninsula’. \r\nThe Roman name for the Scandinavian peninsula was, however, still in the 500s THULE.\u2028This historical picture was created by Johannes Magnus, and continued by Olof Rudbeck in ‘Atlantica’. Still today many writers without thought are copying these old delusions that the Roman writers would have written about some mighty Svear at the beginning of our era. \r\nLet us look at the archaeological evidences and take such a simple example as the 7500 Roman coins from Tacitus time and there about, denarius, found in present day Sweden. 6500 of these are from Gotland. Only 80 are from the Lake Mälar area. Or take the quantity of bronze bowls from the Capuan factory outside Naples found on Gotland. \r\nHow can Swedish scholars with this quantity of finds on Gotland from the Roman Imperial time pretend that Gotland did not exist? \r\nTacitus wrote about Suionum Civitate. He accordingly tells about the people who lived in Mare Suebicum (the Baltic Sea), i.e. the Gotlanders, who already then had reached a high cultural level and had trade relations all over Europe, including the Roman Empire. \r\nHe continues: “Upon the Suiones, border the people Sitones; and agreeing with them in all other things, differ from them in one, that here the sovereignty is exercised by a woman. So notoriously do they degenerate not only from a state of liberty, but even below a state of bondage. Here end the territories of the Suevians.” The Sithones lived in the Lake Mälar area and are what we later call Svear.\u2028\r\nFrom the archaeological findings we can accordingly establish that trade relations between Gotland and the Roman Empire were intense. \r\nNo Svea kingdom as such existed yet at that time. Tacitus says that the people in the Lake Mälar area were ruled by a woman. Still in the Beowulf epos, probably written down in the 700s, the people in the Lake Mälar area are not known as Svear but as Skilfings. \r\nIt is quite clear that historical observations can not only be based on name similarities, but one must first look at the map, the archaeological finds and the chronological development and only secondarily try to match the names that different peoples have had in different areas at different times, and when these names first appear in written sources. \r\nThe early history is a piece of myth, oral tradition and fragmentary records. From all this can suddenly emerge a pattern, the outline of a process that may not be scientifically inviolable, which it never really can be. Yet it is nearer the truth than you could ever reach with ‘scientific accuracy’. \r\nIf you take the Guta Saga, written down about 1220, and the Beowulf Epos, written down in the 700s, as serious as Snorri Sturluson’s ‘Nordiska kungasagor’, written down about 1220, has been honored - i.e. as evidence in lack of better sources, there will open up a new, breathtaking perspective regarding Gotlandic, Swedish and Scandinavian history during the Roman time of the emperors and the Migration Period. Yes also that of Europe. \r\nAlready in the Bronze Age and early Iron Age there are signs of Gotlandic trading Emporiums on the east coast of the Baltic Sea and all the way to the river Volga. \r\nTrade, especially amber trade, experiences in the Bronze Age a large bloom. The Gotlanders seem to have controlled the amber trade with trading Emporiums in the Vistula area. The extensive trade relations convey influences from outside. From southern cultural centers, Egypt, Crete, Mycenae, spiritual impulses stretched their effects also to the Baltic Sea region and Gotland.\u2028\r\nThe immigration of the Herul Royal family (Svear) to the Lake Mälar area in the early 500s, when they bring a new ruling dynasty and a new religion to the area (what we today know as the Ynglinga dynasty and the Æsir religion), is mentioned in several sources. Their entrance on the stage changes the situation in the Baltic Sea region. The wars between the Skilfings (Svear) and the Gotlanders are mentioned in the Beowulf epos. \r\nThe Guta Saga tells that the Gotlanders always kept the victory and their right: “Many kings fought against Gutland while it was heathen; the Gotlanders, however, always held the victory and constantly protected their rights. Later the Gotlanders sent a large number of messengers to ‘suiarikis’ (Svear), but none of them could make peace before Avair Strabain of Alva parish. He made the first peace with the ‘suja kunung’ (king of the Svear).” \r\nThe Trade Treaty between the Gotlanders and the Svear, probably from second half of the 500s, means that the Gotlanders could freely trade on the new kingdom in the Lake Mälar area and its conquered lands east of the Baltic Sea. There were large Gotlandic trading Emporiums, i. a. in Grobina (Latvia) ca 650-850 CE, an area at that time conquered by the Svear. Helgö and Birka would be trading places with large Gotlandic influence. E.g., writes Adam of Bremen in his story, Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum, that “Birka is a Gotlandic (Gothia) town located in the middle of the country of the Sveoner.” \r\nA new way of burial appears in the Lake Mälar area in the 500s, as well as the introduction of the Roman calendar. If we accept that the Heruli settle in the Lake Mälar area at this time, as mentioned by Procopius, it explains a lot. Actually this in fact explains the rise of the Vendel era, which in the Lake Mälar area starts first half of the 500s and continues until the beginning of the Middle Ages. On Gotland it starts about 50 years earlier and is explained by the Gotlanders’ close contacts with Theoderic’s Gothic kingdom. \r\nThe first writer to mention some people on the Scandinavian peninsula (THULE), except Tacitus Sitonens in the Lake Mälar area, is Prokopios who wrote in the 500s. With the discovery that the Beowulf epos is about the Gotlanders in combination with the Heruls immigration to the Lake Mälar area we have been able to shed new light on the Gotlandic history. Indeed the history of the whole Baltic Sea region has come in a whole new light. We now have a link between the Beowulf epos, Guta Saga and the archaeological finds from the 400s and 500s. \r\nRoman gold coins known as solidi have been found on the three Baltic Sea islands: Bornholm, 150, Öland 298, Gotland 270 + 47 on the market place Helgö in Mälaren. The latter have been intended as raw material and are according to the researchers most likely derived from Gotland. It is obvious here to see Helgö and then Birka as Gotlandic trading venues, as implied by the archaeological sources. Gotland’s importance for trade and culture in the Baltic Sea region during the first millennium can also be illustrated by the coin finds. \r\nFrom the 500s until the 1000s the Gotlanders have, according to Swedish researchers, been considered to rarely be mentioned in ancient sources. They are, however, well known in Arabic and Byzantine sources as al-Rus’ and Varangian merchants. The word Varangian was used by Arabs, Greeks and Kievan Rus’ for the merchants from the island in the Baltic Sea region (the Gotlanders). It probably came from the old Norse word ‘vár’, which means ‘union through promise’, and was used by a group of men to keep them together in an association, and under oath observe certain obligations to support each other in good faith and to share the resulting profits. It was a common word, when trading adventures were undertaken by Gotlandic tradesmen on the Russian rivers. They closed a business contract with each other and pledged to defend each other. Another meaning of the word was for the Gotlanders who acted as mercenary soldiers to the rulers of Khazaria, Miklagarðr (Constantinople) and Garðaríki (Kievan Rus’). \r\nThe Gotlandic Varangian Guard was an elite unit of the Byzantine army formed under emperor Basil II in 988. . \r\n\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56356815,"asset_id":36442420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":844396,"first_name":"Tore","last_name":"Gannholm","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ToreGannholm","display_name":"Tore Gannholm","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ToreGannholm?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/844396/2675614/3113994/s65_tore.gannholm.jpg"},{"id":3778526,"first_name":"Tore","last_name":"Gannholm","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TGannholm","display_name":"Tore Gannholm","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TGannholm?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3778526/3228951/3800040/s65_tore.gannholm.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":667,"name":"Russian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":6972,"name":"Baltic Sea Region Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Baltic_Sea_Region_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11795,"name":"Swedish Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swedish_Literature?f_ri=38420"},{"id":13890,"name":"Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":15106,"name":"Scandinavian languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_languages?f_ri=38420"},{"id":18274,"name":"Scandinavian history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_history?f_ri=38420"},{"id":22355,"name":"Scandinavian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":27395,"name":"Swedish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swedish_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":51647,"name":"Scandinavian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_Literature?f_ri=38420"},{"id":398870,"name":"Varangians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Varangians?f_ri=38420"},{"id":523490,"name":"Old swedish literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_swedish_literature?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40085724" data-work_id="40085724" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40085724/An_overlooked_root_Tolkien_and_the_Gesta_Danorum_of_Saxo_Grammaticus">An overlooked root: Tolkien and the 'Gesta Danorum' of Saxo Grammaticus</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article shows the relationship between Saxo Grammaticus' "Gesta Danorum" (History of the Danes) (Saxo was a Danish historian and mythographer who composed a Latin work on the legendary past of Denmark as well as Scandinavian... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40085724" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article shows the relationship between Saxo Grammaticus' "Gesta Danorum" (History of the Danes) (Saxo was a Danish historian and mythographer who composed a Latin work on the legendary past of Denmark as well as Scandinavian mythology) and J.R.R. Tolkien, mainly when he was a student of ancient language and literature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40085724" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1653d1905fbdcb0a204e56161ead80dd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60293159,"asset_id":40085724,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60293159/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8747111" href="https://su-se.academia.edu/Mahd%C3%AEBrecq">Mahdî Brecq</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8747111" type="text/json">{"id":8747111,"first_name":"Mahdî","last_name":"Brecq","domain_name":"su-se","page_name":"MahdîBrecq","display_name":"Mahdî Brecq","profile_url":"https://su-se.academia.edu/Mahd%C3%AEBrecq?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8747111/3578696/131950237/s65_mahd_.brecq.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40085724 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40085724"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40085724, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40085724", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40085724 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40085724; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40085724"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40085724 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40085724"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40085724; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40085724]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40085724").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40085724").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40085724"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="788" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology">Mythology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="788" type="text/json">{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5802" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/J._R._R._Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5802" type="text/json">{"id":5802,"name":"J. R. R. Tolkien","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/J._R._R._Tolkien?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9288" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia">Medieval Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9288" type="text/json">{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17898" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beowulf">Beowulf</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17898" type="text/json">{"id":17898,"name":"Beowulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beowulf?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40085724]'), work: {"id":40085724,"title":"An overlooked root: Tolkien and the 'Gesta Danorum' of Saxo Grammaticus","created_at":"2019-08-14T12:03:12.274-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40085724/An_overlooked_root_Tolkien_and_the_Gesta_Danorum_of_Saxo_Grammaticus?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_40085724","summary":"This article shows the relationship between Saxo Grammaticus' \"Gesta Danorum\" (History of the Danes) (Saxo was a Danish historian and mythographer who composed a Latin work on the legendary past of Denmark as well as Scandinavian mythology) and J.R.R. Tolkien, mainly when he was a student of ancient language and literature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60293159,"asset_id":40085724,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8747111,"first_name":"Mahdî","last_name":"Brecq","domain_name":"su-se","page_name":"MahdîBrecq","display_name":"Mahdî Brecq","profile_url":"https://su-se.academia.edu/Mahd%C3%AEBrecq?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8747111/3578696/131950237/s65_mahd_.brecq.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":5802,"name":"J. R. R. Tolkien","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/J._R._R._Tolkien?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":17898,"name":"Beowulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beowulf?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":22355,"name":"Scandinavian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":54085,"name":"Denmark","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Denmark?f_ri=38420"},{"id":151031,"name":"The reception of Old Norse Myth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_reception_of_Old_Norse_Myth?f_ri=38420"},{"id":229651,"name":"Tolkien, medievalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tolkien_medievalism?f_ri=38420"},{"id":303948,"name":"Germanic Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germanic_Mythology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":426492,"name":"Tolkien Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tolkien_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":715654,"name":"Saxo Grammaticus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saxo_Grammaticus?f_ri=38420"},{"id":970948,"name":"Medievalism (Especially Tolkien)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medievalism_Especially_Tolkien_?f_ri=38420"},{"id":2529478,"name":"Gesta Danorum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gesta_Danorum?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1489956" data-work_id="1489956" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1489956/Gogosz_R_Horse_fights_the_Brutal_Entertainemnt_of_the_Icelanders_in_the_Middle_Ages_In_%C5%9Aredniowiecze_Polski_i_Powszechne_5_9_Katowice_2014_pp_17_32">Gogosz R., Horse-fights: the Brutal Entertainemnt of the Icelanders in the Middle Ages. In "Średniowiecze Polski i Powszechne" 5 (9), Katowice 2014, pp. 17-32</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">For medieval Icelanders, horses were among the most important animals. It should come as no surprise, as they were used for transport, in pagan rites (hippomancy, funerals, sacred horses), eating, and also for sports. These sports were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1489956" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">For medieval Icelanders, horses were among the most important animals. It should come as no surprise, as they were used for transport, in pagan rites (hippomancy, funerals, sacred horses), eating, and also for sports. These sports were the horse-fights (hestavígs) and horse-racing (skeið). Reading the sagas, one can find a lot of references to horse-fighting. This sport was considered of such importance among medieval Icelanders that laws have been written down regarding this entertainment, yet there is no exact description of how such events were organized. Only by putting all the references together can one endeavor to explain what these horse-fights may have actually been like. In my paper I would like to present the basis for these horse-fights. Their terminology has been frequently misinterpreted, and no critical investigation yet exists into the staging and organization of such events, which would shed light on the meaning and role of this sport to medieval Icelanders. It will be shown that horse-fighting functioned not only as brutal entertainment in itself, but also played a social role in the broader context of inter-district assemblies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1489956" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f28c838df3f74b2c8d428cb80a2d8c4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32927066,"asset_id":1489956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32927066/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1059863" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RGogosz">Remigiusz Gogosz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1059863" type="text/json">{"id":1059863,"first_name":"Remigiusz","last_name":"Gogosz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RGogosz","display_name":"Remigiusz Gogosz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RGogosz?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1059863/412414/506283/s65_remigiusz.gogosz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1489956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1489956"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1489956, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1489956", }); 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In \"Średniowiecze Polski i Powszechne\" 5 (9), Katowice 2014, pp. 17-32","created_at":"2012-03-28T06:59:40.037-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1489956/Gogosz_R_Horse_fights_the_Brutal_Entertainemnt_of_the_Icelanders_in_the_Middle_Ages_In_%C5%9Aredniowiecze_Polski_i_Powszechne_5_9_Katowice_2014_pp_17_32?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_1489956","summary":"For medieval Icelanders, horses were among the most important animals. It should come as no surprise, as they were used for transport, in pagan rites (hippomancy, funerals, sacred horses), eating, and also for sports. These sports were the horse-fights (hestavígs) and horse-racing (skeið). Reading the sagas, one can find a lot of references to horse-fighting. This sport was considered of such importance among medieval Icelanders that laws have been written down regarding this entertainment, yet there is no exact description of how such events were organized. Only by putting all the references together can one endeavor to explain what these horse-fights may have actually been like. In my paper I would like to present the basis for these horse-fights. Their terminology has been frequently misinterpreted, and no critical investigation yet exists into the staging and organization of such events, which would shed light on the meaning and role of this sport to medieval Icelanders. It will be shown that horse-fighting functioned not only as brutal entertainment in itself, but also played a social role in the broader context of inter-district assemblies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32927066,"asset_id":1489956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1059863,"first_name":"Remigiusz","last_name":"Gogosz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RGogosz","display_name":"Remigiusz Gogosz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RGogosz?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1059863/412414/506283/s65_remigiusz.gogosz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2605,"name":"Serious Games","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serious_Games?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":4216,"name":"Sports History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sports_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":25806,"name":"Physical Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Education?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":49505,"name":"Icelandic Sagas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Icelandic_Sagas?f_ri=38420"},{"id":49905,"name":"Sport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sport?f_ri=38420"},{"id":63097,"name":"Exercise Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise_Science?f_ri=38420"},{"id":70300,"name":"Old Norse literature and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_literature_and_culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":1222772,"name":"Religious and Magical Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_and_Magical_Practices?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6751637" data-work_id="6751637" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6751637/From_Sweden_to_Russia_Staraya_Ladoga_and_the_role_of_Vikings_in_establishment_of_the_Russian_State">From Sweden to Russia: Staraya Ladoga and the role of Vikings in establishment of the Russian State</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x 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href="https://www.academia.edu/37549910/_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C_2018">«Похвала щедрости, чаша из черепа, золотая луда... Контуры русско-варяжского культурного взаимодействия. М., 2018</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">в отечественной науке роль варягов в образовании древнерусского государства оценивается весьма высоко, в частности у исследователей уже практически не вызывает сомнений скандинавское происхождение самой княжеской династии Рюриковичей.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37549910" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">в отечественной науке роль варягов в образовании древнерусского государства оценивается весьма высоко, в частности у исследователей уже практически не вызывает сомнений скандинавское происхождение самой княжеской династии Рюриковичей. Однако на сегодняшний день в так называемом варяжском вопросе наблюдается известное противоречие: при огромном массиве археологических данных, недвусмысленно свидетельствующих об активном присутствии варягов на Руси в X–XI вв., мы располагаем весьма ограниченным количеством лингвистических следов и примет этнокультурного взаимодействия русских и скандинавов в эту эпоху. Данная книга представляет собой опыт историко-филологического разыскания в области культурных контактов Скандинавии и Руси на излете эпохи викингов. Образ идеального правителя, практика обмена дарами, представления о статусе и наследственных правах незаконнорожденного, рассказ о предках как средство характеристики потомков, перекличка личных имен, прозвищ и торжественных панегириков — такова лишь часть тех напряженных точек этого взаимодействия, к которым мы попытались подступиться в нашем исследовании.<br />The Varangian contribution to the formation of the ancient Russian state is highly<br />evaluated in the national scholarly tradition, more specifi cally, there are practically<br />no doubts about the Scandinavian origin of the Rurik dynasty. However, there is<br />a certain contradiction in the so-called Varangian problem: given a huge body of<br />archaeological data unambiguously confi rming the active Varangian presence in Rus<br />in the 10th–11th centuries, we can only have at our disposal a very limited amount<br />of the linguistic traces of ethnic and cultural connections between Russians and<br />Scandinavians at that time.<br />This book presents an attempt at the historical and philological study in the<br />fi eld of the cultural contacts between Scandinavia and Rus before the very end of the<br />Viking age. The image of the ideal ruler, the practice of gift exchange, the concepts of<br />the status and inheritance rights of illegitimate children, a narrative about ancestors<br />as a way of characterizing descendants, and similarities between personal names,<br />nicknames and solemn eulogies — these are, to name just a few, the intense points of<br />this interaction which became the focus of our study.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37549910" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="beb0312bc2c97256ebe8d335a2bdc948" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57525423,"asset_id":37549910,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57525423/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="146685" href="https://ruslang.academia.edu/FjodorUspenskij">Fjodor Uspenskij</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="146685" type="text/json">{"id":146685,"first_name":"Fjodor","last_name":"Uspenskij","domain_name":"ruslang","page_name":"FjodorUspenskij","display_name":"Fjodor Uspenskij","profile_url":"https://ruslang.academia.edu/FjodorUspenskij?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/146685/38770/8776777/s65_fjodor.uspenskij.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37549910 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37549910"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37549910, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37549910", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37549910]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37549910").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37549910").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37549910"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="389" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies">Russian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="389" type="text/json">{"id":389,"name":"Russian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2853" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2853" type="text/json">{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4235" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature">Old Norse Literature</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4235" type="text/json">{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37549910]'), work: {"id":37549910,"title":"«Похвала щедрости, чаша из черепа, золотая луда... Контуры русско-варяжского культурного взаимодействия. М., 2018","created_at":"2018-10-08T06:01:35.575-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37549910/_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C_2018?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_37549910","summary":"в отечественной науке роль варягов в образовании древнерусского государства оценивается весьма высоко, в частности у исследователей уже практически не вызывает сомнений скандинавское происхождение самой княжеской династии Рюриковичей. Однако на сегодняшний день в так называемом варяжском вопросе наблюдается известное противоречие: при огромном массиве археологических данных, недвусмысленно свидетельствующих об активном присутствии варягов на Руси в X–XI вв., мы располагаем весьма ограниченным количеством лингвистических следов и примет этнокультурного взаимодействия русских и скандинавов в эту эпоху. Данная книга представляет собой опыт историко-филологического разыскания в области культурных контактов Скандинавии и Руси на излете эпохи викингов. Образ идеального правителя, практика обмена дарами, представления о статусе и наследственных правах незаконнорожденного, рассказ о предках как средство характеристики потомков, перекличка личных имен, прозвищ и торжественных панегириков — такова лишь часть тех напряженных точек этого взаимодействия, к которым мы попытались подступиться в нашем исследовании.\nThe Varangian contribution to the formation of the ancient Russian state is highly\nevaluated in the national scholarly tradition, more specifi cally, there are practically\nno doubts about the Scandinavian origin of the Rurik dynasty. However, there is\na certain contradiction in the so-called Varangian problem: given a huge body of\narchaeological data unambiguously confi rming the active Varangian presence in Rus\nin the 10th–11th centuries, we can only have at our disposal a very limited amount\nof the linguistic traces of ethnic and cultural connections between Russians and\nScandinavians at that time.\nThis book presents an attempt at the historical and philological study in the\nfi eld of the cultural contacts between Scandinavia and Rus before the very end of the\nViking age. The image of the ideal ruler, the practice of gift exchange, the concepts of\nthe status and inheritance rights of illegitimate children, a narrative about ancestors\nas a way of characterizing descendants, and similarities between personal names,\nnicknames and solemn eulogies — these are, to name just a few, the intense points of\nthis interaction which became the focus of our study.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57525423,"asset_id":37549910,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":146685,"first_name":"Fjodor","last_name":"Uspenskij","domain_name":"ruslang","page_name":"FjodorUspenskij","display_name":"Fjodor Uspenskij","profile_url":"https://ruslang.academia.edu/FjodorUspenskij?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/146685/38770/8776777/s65_fjodor.uspenskij.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":389,"name":"Russian 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Sagas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Icelandic_Sagas?f_ri=38420"},{"id":140295,"name":"Medieval Russia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Russia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":310720,"name":"Vikings in the East, Varangians, Old Rus'","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_East_Varangians_Old_Rus?f_ri=38420"},{"id":398870,"name":"Varangians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Varangians?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22211279 coauthored" data-work_id="22211279" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22211279/Byzantium_and_the_Viking_World_Acta_Universitatis_Upsaliensis_Studia_Byzantina_Upsaliensia_16_Uppsala_2016">Byzantium and the Viking World (Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Studia Byzantina Upsaliensia 16) Uppsala, 2016</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22211279" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0612de6508f3281b9f6ffe19f9e6c2c1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42865039,"asset_id":22211279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22211279"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2853" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2853" type="text/json">{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4235" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature">Old Norse Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4235" type="text/json">{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a 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class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9569027/Oars_at_War_Dromon_and_Drakkar_11th_Century">Oars at War. Dromon and Drakkar - 11th Century</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Drakkar was the Viking war ship, the Dromon that of the Byzantine world. The Vikings and Byzantines collided, cooperated, fought for and against each other. Since the Dromon (and other galleys in the Med) was rowed standing up,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9569027" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Drakkar was the Viking war ship, the Dromon that of the Byzantine world.  The Vikings and Byzantines collided, cooperated, fought for and against each other.  <br /><br />Since the Dromon (and other galleys in the Med) was rowed standing up, perhaps a look at the Drakkar or other Viking style ship did also.<br /><br />The Dromon went on as galleys up to the 1700's while the Drakkar got fat and short and became the head of long line of sailing ships.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9569027" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f10d2bafb28126219fea6ec253e42b54" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35784417,"asset_id":9569027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35784417/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11062893" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GordonFowkes">Gordon Fowkes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11062893" type="text/json">{"id":11062893,"first_name":"Gordon","last_name":"Fowkes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GordonFowkes","display_name":"Gordon Fowkes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GordonFowkes?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11062893/3276309/3855425/s65_gordon.fowkes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9569027 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9569027"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9569027, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9569027", }); 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The Vikings and Byzantines collided, cooperated, fought for and against each other. \n\nSince the Dromon (and other galleys in the Med) was rowed standing up, perhaps a look at the Drakkar or other Viking style ship did also.\n\nThe Dromon went on as galleys up to the 1700's while the Drakkar got fat and short and became the head of long line of sailing ships.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35784417,"asset_id":9569027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11062893,"first_name":"Gordon","last_name":"Fowkes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GordonFowkes","display_name":"Gordon Fowkes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GordonFowkes?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11062893/3276309/3855425/s65_gordon.fowkes.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":579,"name":"Strategy (Military Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy_Military_Science_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=38420"},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":18425,"name":"Roman military archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_military_archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":46425,"name":"Ship and Submarine Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ship_and_Submarine_Design?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":110540,"name":"Ship Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ship_Design?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1108677" data-work_id="1108677" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1108677/Swords_and_Social_Aspects_of_Weaponry_in_Viking_Age_societies_Stockholm_2014_">Swords and Social Aspects of Weaponry in Viking Age societies. 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First Indication for Viking-age Barrel-chairs</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In 2017 a throne-amulet made from bone, once retrieved from the diggings of harbour excavation 1979/80 in Hedeby, was committed to the Wikinger Museum Haithabu. It constitutes the second specimen known from the site and fits well into the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41722010" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In 2017 a throne-amulet made from bone, once retrieved from the diggings of harbour excavation 1979/80 in Hedeby, was committed to the Wikinger Museum Haithabu. It constitutes the second specimen known from the site and fits well into the larger group of throne-amulets known from south-eastern Scandinavia. The academic discussion of these amulets as devotional pagan objects either in connection with the worship of Óðinn or else as thrones of vǫlur is controversial. The piece from Hedeby harbour does not seem to depict the typical block-chair, though, but is about the first indication for the existence of Viking-age barrel-chairs used continuously until Early modernity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41722010" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="460d17f55172c1b311313bd6a0536f80" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61880934,"asset_id":41722010,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61880934/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1233889" href="https://su-se.academia.edu/SvenKalmring">Sven Kalmring</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1233889" type="text/json">{"id":1233889,"first_name":"Sven","last_name":"Kalmring","domain_name":"su-se","page_name":"SvenKalmring","display_name":"Sven Kalmring","profile_url":"https://su-se.academia.edu/SvenKalmring?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1233889/449002/159345894/s65_sven.kalmring.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41722010 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41722010"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41722010, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41722010", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41722010]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41722010").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41722010").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41722010"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2059" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion">History of Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2059" type="text/json">{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies">Viking Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11904" type="text/json">{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41722010]'), work: {"id":41722010,"title":"A new Throne-Amulet from Hedeby. First Indication for Viking-age Barrel-chairs","created_at":"2020-01-24T02:02:07.119-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41722010/A_new_Throne_Amulet_from_Hedeby_First_Indication_for_Viking_age_Barrel_chairs?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_41722010","summary":"In 2017 a throne-amulet made from bone, once retrieved from the diggings of harbour excavation 1979/80 in Hedeby, was committed to the Wikinger Museum Haithabu. It constitutes the second specimen known from the site and fits well into the larger group of throne-amulets known from south-eastern Scandinavia. The academic discussion of these amulets as devotional pagan objects either in connection with the worship of Óðinn or else as thrones of vǫlur is controversial. The piece from Hedeby harbour does not seem to depict the typical block-chair, though, but is about the first indication for the existence of Viking-age barrel-chairs used continuously until Early modernity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61880934,"asset_id":41722010,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1233889,"first_name":"Sven","last_name":"Kalmring","domain_name":"su-se","page_name":"SvenKalmring","display_name":"Sven Kalmring","profile_url":"https://su-se.academia.edu/SvenKalmring?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1233889/449002/159345894/s65_sven.kalmring.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":60895,"name":"Pagan/Christian Relations in the Early Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pagan_Christian_Relations_in_the_Early_Middle_Ages?f_ri=38420"},{"id":78865,"name":"Harbour Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Harbour_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":131515,"name":"Furniture History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Furniture_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":360292,"name":"Hedeby","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hedeby?f_ri=38420"},{"id":386905,"name":"Early Medieval Harbours","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Harbours?f_ri=38420"},{"id":501747,"name":"Norse Völva, Nordic Witch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norse_Volva_Nordic_Witch?f_ri=38420"},{"id":912760,"name":"Seiðr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sei%C3%B0r?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71037908" data-work_id="71037908" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71037908/Folklore_and_Old_Norse_Mythology_ed_Frog_and_Joonas_Ahola_">Folklore and Old Norse Mythology (ed. Frog & Joonas Ahola)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present volume responds to the rising boom of interest in folklore and folklore research in the study of Old Norse mythology. The twenty-two authors of this volume reveal the dynamism of this lively dialogue, which is characterized by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71037908" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present volume responds to the rising boom of interest in folklore and folklore research in the study of Old Norse mythology. The twenty-two authors of this volume reveal the dynamism of this lively dialogue, which is characterized by a diversity of perspectives linking to different fields and national scholarships.<br /><br />The chapters open with a general overview of how the concepts of “folklore” and “mythology” have been understood and related across the history of Old Norse studies, which is followed by a group of chapters that discuss and present different approaches and types of source materials, with methodological and theoretical concerns. The interest in folklore is bound up with interests in practice and lived religion, which are brought into focus in a series of chapters relating to magic and ritual. Attention then turns to images that link to mythology and different mythic agents in studies that explore a variety of usage in meaning-making in different forms of cultural expression. The next group of studies spotlights motifs, with perspectives on synchronic usage across genres and different media, cross-cultural exchange, and long-term continuities. The volume culminates in discussions of complex stories, variously in oral traditions behind medieval sources and relationships between accounts found in medieval sources and those recorded from more recent traditions.<br /><br />Individually, the chapters variously offer reflexive and historical research criticism, new research frameworks, illustrative studies, and exploratory investigations. Collectively, they illustrate the rapidly evolving multidisciplinary discussion at the intersections of folklore and Old Norse mythology, where the transformative impacts were recently described as a paradigm shift. They open new paths for scholarly discussion with the potential to inspire future research.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71037908" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="561a334d5e6fbedce8252113c555f46f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80548968,"asset_id":71037908,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80548968/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4502198" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/MrFrog">Mr Frog</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4502198" type="text/json">{"id":4502198,"first_name":"Mr","last_name":"Frog","domain_name":"helsinki","page_name":"MrFrog","display_name":"Mr Frog","profile_url":"https://helsinki.academia.edu/MrFrog?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4502198/1868426/2218707/s65_mr.frog.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71037908 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71037908"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71037908, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71037908", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71037908]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71037908").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71037908").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71037908"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="97" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology">Philology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="97" type="text/json">{"id":97,"name":"Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore">Mythology And Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123" type="text/json">{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71037908]'), work: {"id":71037908,"title":"Folklore and Old Norse Mythology (ed. 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The interest in folklore is bound up with interests in practice and lived religion, which are brought into focus in a series of chapters relating to magic and ritual. Attention then turns to images that link to mythology and different mythic agents in studies that explore a variety of usage in meaning-making in different forms of cultural expression. The next group of studies spotlights motifs, with perspectives on synchronic usage across genres and different media, cross-cultural exchange, and long-term continuities. The volume culminates in discussions of complex stories, variously in oral traditions behind medieval sources and relationships between accounts found in medieval sources and those recorded from more recent traditions.\n\nIndividually, the chapters variously offer reflexive and historical research criticism, new research frameworks, illustrative studies, and exploratory investigations. Collectively, they illustrate the rapidly evolving multidisciplinary discussion at the intersections of folklore and Old Norse mythology, where the transformative impacts were recently described as a paradigm shift. They open new paths for scholarly discussion with the potential to inspire future research.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80548968,"asset_id":71037908,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4502198,"first_name":"Mr","last_name":"Frog","domain_name":"helsinki","page_name":"MrFrog","display_name":"Mr Frog","profile_url":"https://helsinki.academia.edu/MrFrog?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4502198/1868426/2218707/s65_mr.frog.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":97,"name":"Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=38420"},{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=38420"},{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7125,"name":"Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":10336,"name":"Ethnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11908,"name":"Old Norse Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Language?f_ri=38420"},{"id":18256,"name":"Mythology (Old Norse Literature)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_Old_Norse_Literature_?f_ri=38420"},{"id":22355,"name":"Scandinavian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":39954,"name":"Old Norse Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Religion?f_ri=38420"},{"id":47420,"name":"Scandinavian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":70300,"name":"Old Norse literature and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_literature_and_culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":169215,"name":"Old Norse Sorcery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Sorcery?f_ri=38420"},{"id":740628,"name":"Scandinavian Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_Mythology?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39978157" data-work_id="39978157" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39978157/Rabiega_K_2019_Viking_Dress_Code_Textile_and_leather_clothing_in_Scandinavia_Szczecin_Triglav">Rabiega, K. 2019. Viking Dress Code. Textile and leather clothing in Scandinavia. Szczecin: Triglav.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39978157" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="766d9e6d9b4b520ead325eec0ed78c9d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60169218,"asset_id":39978157,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60169218/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="825908" href="https://uksw.academia.edu/KamilRabiega">Kamil Rabiega</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="825908" type="text/json">{"id":825908,"first_name":"Kamil","last_name":"Rabiega","domain_name":"uksw","page_name":"KamilRabiega","display_name":"Kamil Rabiega","profile_url":"https://uksw.academia.edu/KamilRabiega?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/825908/287749/1121745/s65_kamil.rabiega.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39978157 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39978157"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39978157, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39978157", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39978157]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39978157").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39978157").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39978157"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8878" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costume_and_Identity">Costume and Identity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8878" type="text/json">{"id":8878,"name":"Costume and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costume_and_Identity?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies">Viking Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11904" type="text/json">{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39978157]'), work: {"id":39978157,"title":"Rabiega, K. 2019. Viking Dress Code. Textile and leather clothing in Scandinavia. Szczecin: Triglav.","created_at":"2019-07-31T05:25:36.517-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39978157/Rabiega_K_2019_Viking_Dress_Code_Textile_and_leather_clothing_in_Scandinavia_Szczecin_Triglav?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_39978157","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60169218,"asset_id":39978157,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":825908,"first_name":"Kamil","last_name":"Rabiega","domain_name":"uksw","page_name":"KamilRabiega","display_name":"Kamil Rabiega","profile_url":"https://uksw.academia.edu/KamilRabiega?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/825908/287749/1121745/s65_kamil.rabiega.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":8878,"name":"Costume and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costume_and_Identity?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":51642,"name":"Reenactment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reenactment?f_ri=38420"},{"id":81964,"name":"Clothing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clothing?f_ri=38420"},{"id":90114,"name":"Vikings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":97538,"name":"Material Culture of the Viking age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_of_the_Viking_age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":118681,"name":"Archaeological textiles and clothing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_textiles_and_clothing?f_ri=38420"},{"id":177724,"name":"History of clothing and fashion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_clothing_and_fashion?f_ri=38420"},{"id":1003766,"name":"Costume Reconstruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costume_Reconstruction?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19820229" data-work_id="19820229" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19820229/Late_Iron_Age_Boat_Rituals_and_Ritual_Boats_in_Norway">Late Iron Age Boat Rituals and Ritual Boats in Norway</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Late Iron Age boat rituals and ritual boats The most famous ship burials in Norway are found at Oseberg and Gokstad. Beside the magnificent ships, the rich grave goods of all kinds have made these burials important sources to increase... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19820229" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Late Iron Age boat rituals and ritual boats<br /><br />The most famous ship burials in Norway are found at Oseberg and Gokstad. Beside the magnificent ships, the rich grave goods of all kinds have made these burials important sources to increase knowledge and adventure the Viking period. A boat is frequently part of the equipment of a burial in late Iron Age in Norway, even if not everywhere and in the same way. There are however various opinions among scholars on the reason for putting a boat in the grave.<br /> The boat or ship is often forming some sort of a coffin for the body, and the place for the burial has been carefully arranged. In the case of Oseberg the funeral including preparations and closing rituals took months. But how should we interpret the boat finds that obvious were part of a ritual, but lack a body and other characteristics of a funeral?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19820229" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f411b803f075259a0292ad7b089b3a5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52347440,"asset_id":19820229,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52347440/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1097933" href="https://uib.academia.edu/S%C3%A6bj%C3%B8rgWalakerNordeide">Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1097933" type="text/json">{"id":1097933,"first_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker","last_name":"Nordeide","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"SæbjørgWalakerNordeide","display_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/S%C3%A6bj%C3%B8rgWalakerNordeide?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1097933/635375/20990395/s65_s_bj_rg_walaker.nordeide.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19820229 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19820229"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19820229, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19820229", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19820229]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19820229").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19820229").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19820229"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies">Viking Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11904" type="text/json">{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17562" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_">Death and Burial (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17562" type="text/json">{"id":17562,"name":"Death and Burial (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burial_Practices_Archaeology_">Burial Practices (Archaeology)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24940" type="text/json">{"id":24940,"name":"Burial Practices (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burial_Practices_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19820229]'), work: {"id":19820229,"title":"Late Iron Age Boat Rituals and Ritual Boats in Norway","created_at":"2015-12-24T13:25:43.942-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19820229/Late_Iron_Age_Boat_Rituals_and_Ritual_Boats_in_Norway?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_19820229","summary":"Late Iron Age boat rituals and ritual boats\n\nThe most famous ship burials in Norway are found at Oseberg and Gokstad. Beside the magnificent ships, the rich grave goods of all kinds have made these burials important sources to increase knowledge and adventure the Viking period. A boat is frequently part of the equipment of a burial in late Iron Age in Norway, even if not everywhere and in the same way. There are however various opinions among scholars on the reason for putting a boat in the grave.\n The boat or ship is often forming some sort of a coffin for the body, and the place for the burial has been carefully arranged. In the case of Oseberg the funeral including preparations and closing rituals took months. But how should we interpret the boat finds that obvious were part of a ritual, but lack a body and other characteristics of a funeral?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52347440,"asset_id":19820229,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":52347441,"asset_id":19820229,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1097933,"first_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker","last_name":"Nordeide","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"SæbjørgWalakerNordeide","display_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/S%C3%A6bj%C3%B8rgWalakerNordeide?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1097933/635375/20990395/s65_s_bj_rg_walaker.nordeide.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":17562,"name":"Death and Burial (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":24940,"name":"Burial Practices (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burial_Practices_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":160560,"name":"VIking-Age ritual and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VIking-Age_ritual_and_religion?f_ri=38420"},{"id":164228,"name":"Viking Ships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Ships?f_ri=38420"},{"id":470123,"name":"Viking graves","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_graves?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41398833" data-work_id="41398833" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41398833/Iversen_Frode_2020_Between_Tribe_and_Kingdom_People_Land_and_Law_in_Scandza_AD_500_1350_In_Dagfinn_Skre_ed_Rulership_in_1st_to_14th_century_Scandinavia_Royal_graves_and_sites_at_Avaldsnes_and_beyond">Iversen, Frode (2020). Between Tribe and Kingdom – People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500–1350. In Dagfinn Skre (ed.): Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia Royal graves and sites at Avaldsnes and beyond</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The political structure of Scandinavian society underwent radical change between AD 500 and 1350. Through analyses of c. 170,000 sites of single graves and cemeteries, 1,700 hillforts, and 130 royal sites and manors, this article... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41398833" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The political structure of Scandinavian society underwent radical change between AD 500 and 1350. Through analyses of c. 170,000 sites of single graves and cemeteries, 1,700 hillforts, and 130 royal sites and manors, this article investigates the emergence of larger law areas and their relation to the peoples and kingdoms in Scandza (i.e. Norway and Sweden). In this period the number of kingdoms was reduced from around thirteen to two. We find 29 peoples in the 6th century mentioned in contemporary written sources (Getica and Widtsith), and these are geographically identified through a big data analysis of prehistoric graves and cemeteries (Kernel Density Estimation). In addition, we have identified thirteen clusters of graves representing other unmentioned groups. The emergence of larger legal entities was a prerequisite for the emergence of the Scandinavian kingdoms. In eastern Scandinavia kingship emerged through the control of major lakes connecting various folklands, while in the west control of trade and transport along the major sailing route (leden) was a driving facor for trans-regional kingship.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41398833" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4f10d8ff0ab1299892d91ac56c08b89f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61588910,"asset_id":41398833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61588910/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1362721" href="https://uio.academia.edu/FrodeIversen">Frode Iversen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1362721" type="text/json">{"id":1362721,"first_name":"Frode","last_name":"Iversen","domain_name":"uio","page_name":"FrodeIversen","display_name":"Frode Iversen","profile_url":"https://uio.academia.edu/FrodeIversen?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1362721/497494/13064782/s65_frode.iversen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41398833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41398833"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41398833, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41398833", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41398833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41398833; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41398833"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41398833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41398833"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41398833; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41398833]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41398833").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41398833").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41398833"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="399" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology">Prehistoric Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="399" type="text/json">{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="958" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology">Historical Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="958" type="text/json">{"id":958,"name":"Historical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41398833]'), work: {"id":41398833,"title":"Iversen, Frode (2020). Between Tribe and Kingdom – People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500–1350. In Dagfinn Skre (ed.): Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia Royal graves and sites at Avaldsnes and beyond","created_at":"2019-12-23T03:28:02.301-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41398833/Iversen_Frode_2020_Between_Tribe_and_Kingdom_People_Land_and_Law_in_Scandza_AD_500_1350_In_Dagfinn_Skre_ed_Rulership_in_1st_to_14th_century_Scandinavia_Royal_graves_and_sites_at_Avaldsnes_and_beyond?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_41398833","summary":"The political structure of Scandinavian society underwent radical change between AD 500 and 1350. Through analyses of c. 170,000 sites of single graves and cemeteries, 1,700 hillforts, and 130 royal sites and manors, this article investigates the emergence of larger law areas and their relation to the peoples and kingdoms in Scandza (i.e. Norway and Sweden). In this period the number of kingdoms was reduced from around thirteen to two. We find 29 peoples in the 6th century mentioned in contemporary written sources (Getica and Widtsith), and these are geographically identified through a big data analysis of prehistoric graves and cemeteries (Kernel Density Estimation). In addition, we have identified thirteen clusters of graves representing other unmentioned groups. The emergence of larger legal entities was a prerequisite for the emergence of the Scandinavian kingdoms. In eastern Scandinavia kingship emerged through the control of major lakes connecting various folklands, while in the west control of trade and transport along the major sailing route (leden) was a driving facor for trans-regional kingship.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61588910,"asset_id":41398833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1362721,"first_name":"Frode","last_name":"Iversen","domain_name":"uio","page_name":"FrodeIversen","display_name":"Frode Iversen","profile_url":"https://uio.academia.edu/FrodeIversen?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1362721/497494/13064782/s65_frode.iversen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":958,"name":"Historical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7172,"name":"Early Medieval Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7629,"name":"Early Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7870,"name":"Medieval Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4054519" data-work_id="4054519" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4054519/Garde%C5%82a_L_2013_Warrior_women_in_Viking_Age_Scandinavia_A_preliminary_archaeological_study_Analecta_Archaeologica_Ressoviensia_8_273_339">Gardeła L. (2013) 'Warrior-women' in Viking Age Scandinavia? A preliminary archaeological study, Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia 8, 273-339.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper seeks to provide a new contribution to the debates on Viking Age women by focusing on a rather controversial notion of ‘female warriors’. The core of the article comprises a preliminary survey of archaeological evidence for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4054519" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper seeks to provide a new contribution to the debates on Viking Age women by focusing on a rather controversial notion of ‘female warriors’. The core of the article comprises a preliminary survey of archaeological evidence for female graves with weapons (axes, spears, swords and arrowheads) from Viking Age Scandinavia. Attention is focused not only on the types of weapons deposited with the deceased, but first and foremost on the meanings which similar practices may have had for the past societies. The author discusses why, where and how the weapons were placed in female graves and attempts to trace some patterns in this unusual funerary behaviour. In addition to exploring the funerary evidence, the iconographic representations of what could be regarded as ‘female warriors’ are also briefly considered. Lastly, a few remarks are also made on the notion of armed women in the textual sources.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4054519" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d72f3cd72ffb3106fdcb75bd4440547e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33819729,"asset_id":4054519,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33819729/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="263114" href="https://gerda-henkel-stiftung.academia.edu/LeszekGardela">Leszek Gardela</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="263114" type="text/json">{"id":263114,"first_name":"Leszek","last_name":"Gardela","domain_name":"gerda-henkel-stiftung","page_name":"LeszekGardela","display_name":"Leszek Gardela","profile_url":"https://gerda-henkel-stiftung.academia.edu/LeszekGardela?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/263114/55276/4032116/s65_leszek.gardela.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4054519 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4054519"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4054519, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4054519", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4054519]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4054519").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4054519").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4054519"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1138" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies">Women's Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1138" type="text/json">{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2473" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_Studies">Material Culture Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2473" type="text/json">{"id":2473,"name":"Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2795" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology">Landscape Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2795" type="text/json">{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4054519]'), work: {"id":4054519,"title":"Gardeła L. (2013) 'Warrior-women' in Viking Age Scandinavia? A preliminary archaeological study, Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia 8, 273-339.","created_at":"2013-07-17T21:39:27.183-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4054519/Garde%C5%82a_L_2013_Warrior_women_in_Viking_Age_Scandinavia_A_preliminary_archaeological_study_Analecta_Archaeologica_Ressoviensia_8_273_339?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_4054519","summary":"This paper seeks to provide a new contribution to the debates on Viking Age women by focusing on a rather controversial notion of ‘female warriors’. The core of the article comprises a preliminary survey of archaeological evidence for female graves with weapons (axes, spears, swords and arrowheads) from Viking Age Scandinavia. Attention is focused not only on the types of weapons deposited with the deceased, but first and foremost on the meanings which similar practices may have had for the past societies. The author discusses why, where and how the weapons were placed in female graves and attempts to trace some patterns in this unusual funerary behaviour. In addition to exploring the funerary evidence, the iconographic representations of what could be regarded as ‘female warriors’ are also briefly considered. Lastly, a few remarks are also made on the notion of armed women in the textual sources. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33819729,"asset_id":4054519,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":263114,"first_name":"Leszek","last_name":"Gardela","domain_name":"gerda-henkel-stiftung","page_name":"LeszekGardela","display_name":"Leszek Gardela","profile_url":"https://gerda-henkel-stiftung.academia.edu/LeszekGardela?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/263114/55276/4032116/s65_leszek.gardela.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":2473,"name":"Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9437,"name":"Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urbanism?f_ri=38420"},{"id":25416,"name":"Archaeology of Ritual and Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Ritual_and_Magic?f_ri=38420"},{"id":27942,"name":"Vikings in the North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_North_Atlantic?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":44006,"name":"Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity?f_ri=38420"},{"id":49505,"name":"Icelandic Sagas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Icelandic_Sagas?f_ri=38420"},{"id":90114,"name":"Vikings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":125653,"name":"Anglo-Saxons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxons?f_ri=38420"},{"id":433249,"name":"Early Medieval Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Period?f_ri=38420"},{"id":946628,"name":"Valkyries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Valkyries?f_ri=38420"},{"id":1222772,"name":"Religious and Magical Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_and_Magical_Practices?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38980718" data-work_id="38980718" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38980718/The_Searcher_Magazine_Detecting_in_the_Nordic_countries_Rygene_Metaldetecting_Club">The Searcher Magazine- Detecting in the Nordic countries- Rygene Metaldetecting Club</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A four page article published in the Searcher Magazine spring 2019 about metaldetecting in Norway and Denmark versus England. Laws, ownership, guidelines Rygene Metaldetecting Club, <a href="http://www.rygenedetektorklubb.com" rel="nofollow">www.rygenedetektorklubb.com</a></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38980718" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c12cd1ae1f6ceae50e935f10627df7b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59086396,"asset_id":38980718,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59086396/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29582293" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JohnKvanli">John Kvanli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29582293" type="text/json">{"id":29582293,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Kvanli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnKvanli","display_name":"John Kvanli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnKvanli?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29582293/8496290/9494814/s65_john.kvanli.jpg_oh_8778c816cf6d29234a4ee9944e3d5306_oe_559da10e___gda___1436576726_30feff487f98fd8ce4b3f6f165a9f1d9"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38980718 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38980718"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38980718, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38980718", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38980718]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38980718").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38980718").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38980718"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3025" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nordic_History">Nordic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3025" type="text/json">{"id":3025,"name":"Nordic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nordic_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9288" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia">Medieval Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9288" type="text/json">{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23416" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metal_detector_surveys_Archaeology_">Metal detector surveys (Archaeology)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23416" type="text/json">{"id":23416,"name":"Metal detector surveys (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metal_detector_surveys_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38980718]'), work: {"id":38980718,"title":"The Searcher Magazine- Detecting in the Nordic countries- Rygene Metaldetecting Club","created_at":"2019-04-30T05:51:10.882-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38980718/The_Searcher_Magazine_Detecting_in_the_Nordic_countries_Rygene_Metaldetecting_Club?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_38980718","summary":"A four page article published in the Searcher Magazine spring 2019 about metaldetecting in Norway and Denmark versus England. Laws, ownership, guidelines Rygene Metaldetecting Club, www.rygenedetektorklubb.com\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59086396,"asset_id":38980718,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29582293,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Kvanli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnKvanli","display_name":"John Kvanli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnKvanli?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29582293/8496290/9494814/s65_john.kvanli.jpg_oh_8778c816cf6d29234a4ee9944e3d5306_oe_559da10e___gda___1436576726_30feff487f98fd8ce4b3f6f165a9f1d9"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":3025,"name":"Nordic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nordic_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":23416,"name":"Metal detector surveys (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metal_detector_surveys_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":79013,"name":"Metal-Detecting and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metal-Detecting_and_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":342804,"name":"Archaeology and Metal Detecting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_and_Metal_Detecting?f_ri=38420"},{"id":539898,"name":"Amateur Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amateur_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":1241709,"name":"Metaldetector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metaldetector?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73091254" data-work_id="73091254" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73091254/The_northern_Scandinavian_Viking_hall_A_case_study_from_Viklem_in_%C3%98rland_Norway">The northern Scandinavian Viking hall: A case study from Viklem in Ørland, Norway</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Our aim with this paper was to discuss two possible Viking Age and Early medieval wooden hall buildings from Viklem at Ørlandet in relation to the Scandinavian Viking Age halls. To do this we analysed the buildings from Viklem to see to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73091254" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Our aim with this paper was to discuss two possible Viking Age and Early medieval wooden hall buildings from Viklem at Ørlandet in relation to the Scandinavian Viking Age halls. To do this we analysed the buildings from Viklem to see to what extent they meet well-established criteria for Viking Age halls in Scandinavia. Since the Viklem halls are the northernmost known examples of such freestanding hall buildings, we have to take local and regional conditions into consideration, such as fundamental geographical factors, political demands and its physical manifestations at Ørlandet and the surrounding areas. Our results showed that the large buildings at Viklem meet many of the criteria that have been established by research in southern Scandinavia. However, we see that the Viklem halls are smaller, and lack the large number of prosperity items that that are associated with most in most of the known halls in the south. We discuss these differences in the perspective of Viklem&#39;s l...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73091254" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="062d440d4b33134ab123f8138fef056e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81749472,"asset_id":73091254,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81749472/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41019046" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RaymondSauvage">Raymond Sauvage</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41019046" type="text/json">{"id":41019046,"first_name":"Raymond","last_name":"Sauvage","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaymondSauvage","display_name":"Raymond Sauvage","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaymondSauvage?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41019046/12253745/13644870/s65_raymond.sauvage.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73091254 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73091254"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73091254, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73091254", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_73091254 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73091254; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_73091254"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_73091254 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="73091254"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 73091254; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73091254]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73091254").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73091254").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73091254"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies">Viking Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11904" type="text/json">{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27942" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_North_Atlantic">Vikings in the North Atlantic</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27942" type="text/json">{"id":27942,"name":"Vikings in the North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_North_Atlantic?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73091254]'), work: {"id":73091254,"title":"The northern Scandinavian Viking hall: A case study from Viklem in Ørland, Norway","created_at":"2022-03-05T02:31:52.449-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73091254/The_northern_Scandinavian_Viking_hall_A_case_study_from_Viklem_in_%C3%98rland_Norway?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_73091254","summary":"Our aim with this paper was to discuss two possible Viking Age and Early medieval wooden hall buildings from Viklem at Ørlandet in relation to the Scandinavian Viking Age halls. To do this we analysed the buildings from Viklem to see to what extent they meet well-established criteria for Viking Age halls in Scandinavia. Since the Viklem halls are the northernmost known examples of such freestanding hall buildings, we have to take local and regional conditions into consideration, such as fundamental geographical factors, political demands and its physical manifestations at Ørlandet and the surrounding areas. Our results showed that the large buildings at Viklem meet many of the criteria that have been established by research in southern Scandinavia. However, we see that the Viklem halls are smaller, and lack the large number of prosperity items that that are associated with most in most of the known halls in the south. We discuss these differences in the perspective of Viklem\u0026#39;s l...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81749472,"asset_id":73091254,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41019046,"first_name":"Raymond","last_name":"Sauvage","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaymondSauvage","display_name":"Raymond Sauvage","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaymondSauvage?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41019046/12253745/13644870/s65_raymond.sauvage.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":27942,"name":"Vikings in the North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_North_Atlantic?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":90114,"name":"Vikings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":2901366,"name":"Viking Age halls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_halls?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27571018" data-work_id="27571018" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27571018/Viking_and_Chinese_Art_docx">Viking & Chinese Art .docx</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Tang China (618-907) and Viking Scandinavia (793-1066) are two contemporary art historical periods during which both cultures experienced an increase in wealth, military power and, as a result, the production of art. Tang China expanded... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27571018" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Tang China (618-907) and Viking Scandinavia (793-1066) are two contemporary art historical periods during which both cultures experienced an increase in wealth, military power and, as a result, the production of art. Tang China expanded its boarders and saw an upsurge in cultural exchange due to a policy of religious toleration. The Vikings began to trade overseas, exchanging ideas with cultures they came in contact with. Both were strongly influenced by new religions: Christianity in Scandinavia and Buddhism in China. The chosen works are characteristic of the style and nature of most art produced in China and Scandinavia during the period 750-980CE. Animal figures depicted on funerary goods and the depiction of human figures in religious art will be analyzed in a cultural context to explain differences and similarities in the representation and use of animal and human forms in art during the Viking age and Tang China.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27571018" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f075f20053cfc348cfa3652227c0d4fd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47825669,"asset_id":27571018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47825669/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51742505" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZoIona">Zo Iona</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51742505" type="text/json">{"id":51742505,"first_name":"Zo","last_name":"Iona","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZoIona","display_name":"Zo Iona","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZoIona?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51742505/18691475/18648902/s65_zo.iona.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27571018 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27571018"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27571018, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27571018", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27571018]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27571018").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27571018").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27571018"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="915" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History">Art History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="915" type="text/json">{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Art">Chinese Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8228" type="text/json">{"id":8228,"name":"Chinese Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Art?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="503928" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Art">Viking Age Art</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="503928" type="text/json">{"id":503928,"name":"Viking Age Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Art?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27571018]'), work: {"id":27571018,"title":"Viking \u0026 Chinese Art .docx","created_at":"2016-08-05T15:47:40.690-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27571018/Viking_and_Chinese_Art_docx?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_27571018","summary":"Tang China (618-907) and Viking Scandinavia (793-1066) are two contemporary art historical periods during which both cultures experienced an increase in wealth, military power and, as a result, the production of art. Tang China expanded its boarders and saw an upsurge in cultural exchange due to a policy of religious toleration. The Vikings began to trade overseas, exchanging ideas with cultures they came in contact with. Both were strongly influenced by new religions: Christianity in Scandinavia and Buddhism in China. The chosen works are characteristic of the style and nature of most art produced in China and Scandinavia during the period 750-980CE. Animal figures depicted on funerary goods and the depiction of human figures in religious art will be analyzed in a cultural context to explain differences and similarities in the representation and use of animal and human forms in art during the Viking age and Tang China.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47825669,"asset_id":27571018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51742505,"first_name":"Zo","last_name":"Iona","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ZoIona","display_name":"Zo Iona","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ZoIona?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51742505/18691475/18648902/s65_zo.iona.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":8228,"name":"Chinese Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Art?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":503928,"name":"Viking Age Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Art?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13745547" data-work_id="13745547" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13745547/Skandinavisk_kulturp%C3%A5verkning_i_det_sydv%C3%A4stra_Finland_under_vikingatiden_MA_Thesis_1995_University_of_Copenhagen_Institute_for_Prehistoric_Archaeology_Copenhagen">Skandinavisk kulturpåverkning i det sydvästra Finland under vikingatiden. MA Thesis, 1995. University of Copenhagen, Institute for Prehistoric Archaeology, Copenhagen. </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Redan under den germanska järnåldern etablerade de sydvästfinska områdena kontakter med Skandinavien och härunder främst till mellansverige. Kontakterna fortlevde in i vikingatiden, då förbindelser till Birka och Gotland etablerades. De... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13745547" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Redan under den germanska järnåldern etablerade de sydvästfinska områdena kontakter med Skandinavien och härunder främst till mellansverige. Kontakterna fortlevde in i vikingatiden, då förbindelser till Birka och Gotland etablerades. De skandinaviska påverkningarna tar sig främst uttryck i handel, men möjligen även i form av allianser. I det arkeologiska materialet ses detta främst i föremålsinventaret och i vissa gravformer. De skandinaviska påverkningarna bliver dock aldrig särskilt markanta.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13745547" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="626065d6d17484ad1f2963c5c0444c42" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38118029,"asset_id":13745547,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38118029/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14675661" href="https://vejlemuseerne.academia.edu/CLindblom">Charlotta Lindblom</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14675661" type="text/json">{"id":14675661,"first_name":"Charlotta","last_name":"Lindblom","domain_name":"vejlemuseerne","page_name":"CLindblom","display_name":"Charlotta Lindblom","profile_url":"https://vejlemuseerne.academia.edu/CLindblom?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14675661/4099872/4779534/s65_charlotta.lindblom.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13745547 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13745547"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13745547, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13745547", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13745547]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13745547").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13745547").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13745547"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="310434" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_East">Vikings in the East</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="310434" type="text/json">{"id":310434,"name":"Vikings in the East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_East?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13745547]'), work: {"id":13745547,"title":"Skandinavisk kulturpåverkning i det sydvästra Finland under vikingatiden. MA Thesis, 1995. University of Copenhagen, Institute for Prehistoric Archaeology, Copenhagen. ","created_at":"2015-07-07T04:40:09.747-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13745547/Skandinavisk_kulturp%C3%A5verkning_i_det_sydv%C3%A4stra_Finland_under_vikingatiden_MA_Thesis_1995_University_of_Copenhagen_Institute_for_Prehistoric_Archaeology_Copenhagen?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_13745547","summary":"Redan under den germanska järnåldern etablerade de sydvästfinska områdena kontakter med Skandinavien och härunder främst till mellansverige. Kontakterna fortlevde in i vikingatiden, då förbindelser till Birka och Gotland etablerades. De skandinaviska påverkningarna tar sig främst uttryck i handel, men möjligen även i form av allianser. I det arkeologiska materialet ses detta främst i föremålsinventaret och i vissa gravformer. De skandinaviska påverkningarna bliver dock aldrig särskilt markanta.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38118029,"asset_id":13745547,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14675661,"first_name":"Charlotta","last_name":"Lindblom","domain_name":"vejlemuseerne","page_name":"CLindblom","display_name":"Charlotta Lindblom","profile_url":"https://vejlemuseerne.academia.edu/CLindblom?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14675661/4099872/4779534/s65_charlotta.lindblom.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":310434,"name":"Vikings in the East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_East?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12093983" data-work_id="12093983" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12093983/Is_It_Viking_The_familiar_and_ever_returning_question_among_Viking_Age_artefacts_collectors">Is It Viking ? The familiar and ever returning question among Viking-Age artefacts collectors.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">is putting the spot on the among Viking-Age artefacts collectors ever thrilling, amusing and tantalizing question when shown an artefact they cannot address: 'Is It Real ?'</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12093983" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="48c673c4f9f19d97381cd086442589a5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37411643,"asset_id":12093983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37411643/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20941923" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TKamphuis">Thomas Kamphuis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20941923" type="text/json">{"id":20941923,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Kamphuis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TKamphuis","display_name":"Thomas Kamphuis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TKamphuis?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20941923/7035388/34000049/s65_thomas.kamphuis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12093983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12093983"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12093983, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12093983", }); 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Scandinavia and the North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia_and_the_North_Atlantic?f_ri=38420"},{"id":79525,"name":"Medieval Europe, Anglo-Norman history, women and family, monasticism, Anglo-Saxon history, Vikings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Europe_Anglo-Norman_history_women_and_family_monasticism_Anglo-Saxon_history_Vikings?f_ri=38420"},{"id":90114,"name":"Vikings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":97538,"name":"Material Culture of the Viking age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_of_the_Viking_age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":105627,"name":"Viking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking?f_ri=38420"},{"id":106373,"name":"Viking age Sweden","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_age_Sweden?f_ri=38420"},{"id":130662,"name":"Viking Age and Medieval coinage and monetary history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_and_Medieval_coinage_and_monetary_history?f_ri=38420"},{"id":151031,"name":"The reception of Old Norse Myth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_reception_of_Old_Norse_Myth?f_ri=38420"},{"id":160560,"name":"VIking-Age ritual and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VIking-Age_ritual_and_religion?f_ri=38420"},{"id":169215,"name":"Old Norse Sorcery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Sorcery?f_ri=38420"},{"id":258184,"name":"Viking and Late Norse Archaeology and History in the North Atlantic Region","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_and_Late_Norse_Archaeology_and_History_in_the_North_Atlantic_Region?f_ri=38420"},{"id":297229,"name":"The Viking Age, Norse Mythology, The sagas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Viking_Age_Norse_Mythology_The_sagas?f_ri=38420"},{"id":310434,"name":"Vikings in the 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11680534" data-work_id="11680534" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11680534/Sicilien_Siqiliya_Sikel%C3%B6_%C3%96ppningar_till_en_transnationell_historia">Sicilien, Siqiliya, Sikelö. Öppningar till en transnationell historia.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">öppningar till en transnationell historia land de lätt igenk ända kristna symbolerna på museet i Montpellier drog några dekorerade gravstenar uppmärksamheten till sig. De var prydda med arabisk skrift. Det visade sig att en hel by med... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11680534" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">öppningar till en transnationell historia land de lätt igenk ända kristna symbolerna på museet i Montpellier drog några dekorerade gravstenar uppmärksamheten till sig. De var prydda med arabisk skrift. Det visade sig att en hel by med muslimska familjer hade bott utanför stadens murar under medeltiden, tillsammans med den sydfranska kristna befolkningen. Orsaken till den muslimska närvaron hittade vi i ett beslut från 1181. Stadens härskare Guilhem VIII bestämde då att vem som helst, oavsett religion eller härkomst, fick undervisa i medicin. Redan tidigare hade muslimska och judiska lärde kommit hit, oliktänkande på flykt från almohaderna i Spanien. Effekten av den öppna politiken var att man år 1220 fick en medicinsk fakultet, nu den äldsta i Europa. De döda som gravstenarna täckt deltog i pionjärarbetet.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11680534" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="eed201f0f19f1948e78073c24d940b82" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37129550,"asset_id":11680534,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37129550/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="282788" href="https://lu.academia.edu/MatsRoslund">Mats Roslund</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="282788" type="text/json">{"id":282788,"first_name":"Mats","last_name":"Roslund","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"MatsRoslund","display_name":"Mats Roslund","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/MatsRoslund?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/282788/57745/58342/s65_mats.roslund.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11680534 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11680534"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11680534, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11680534", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11680534]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11680534").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11680534").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11680534"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="958" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology">Historical Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="958" type="text/json">{"id":958,"name":"Historical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7870" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Archaeology">Medieval Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7870" type="text/json">{"id":7870,"name":"Medieval Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9288" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia">Medieval Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9288" type="text/json">{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14641" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Archaeology">Byzantine Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14641" type="text/json">{"id":14641,"name":"Byzantine Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11680534]'), work: {"id":11680534,"title":"Sicilien, Siqiliya, Sikelö. Öppningar till en transnationell historia.","created_at":"2015-03-27T01:31:27.961-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11680534/Sicilien_Siqiliya_Sikel%C3%B6_%C3%96ppningar_till_en_transnationell_historia?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_11680534","summary":"öppningar till en transnationell historia land de lätt igenk ända kristna symbolerna på museet i Montpellier drog några dekorerade gravstenar uppmärksamheten till sig. De var prydda med arabisk skrift. Det visade sig att en hel by med muslimska familjer hade bott utanför stadens murar under medeltiden, tillsammans med den sydfranska kristna befolkningen. Orsaken till den muslimska närvaron hittade vi i ett beslut från 1181. Stadens härskare Guilhem VIII bestämde då att vem som helst, oavsett religion eller härkomst, fick undervisa i medicin. Redan tidigare hade muslimska och judiska lärde kommit hit, oliktänkande på flykt från almohaderna i Spanien. Effekten av den öppna politiken var att man år 1220 fick en medicinsk fakultet, nu den äldsta i Europa. De döda som gravstenarna täckt deltog i pionjärarbetet.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37129550,"asset_id":11680534,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":282788,"first_name":"Mats","last_name":"Roslund","domain_name":"lu","page_name":"MatsRoslund","display_name":"Mats Roslund","profile_url":"https://lu.academia.edu/MatsRoslund?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/282788/57745/58342/s65_mats.roslund.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":958,"name":"Historical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":7870,"name":"Medieval Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14641,"name":"Byzantine Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43944074" data-work_id="43944074" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43944074/Ristarens_lyckade_ordlek">Ristarens lyckade ordlek</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Populär artikel om tolkningen av inskriften på Rökstenen (Ög 136) i Östergötland.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43944074" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0039d97221edb9c629582051fad2ef2a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64269052,"asset_id":43944074,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64269052/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33329183" href="https://raa.academia.edu/MagnusK%C3%A4llstr%C3%B6m">Magnus Källström</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33329183" type="text/json">{"id":33329183,"first_name":"Magnus","last_name":"Källström","domain_name":"raa","page_name":"MagnusKällström","display_name":"Magnus Källström","profile_url":"https://raa.academia.edu/MagnusK%C3%A4llstr%C3%B6m?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33329183/9865723/16482236/s65_magnus.k_llstr_m.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43944074 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43944074"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43944074, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43944074", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43944074]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43944074").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43944074").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43944074"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11907" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runology">Runology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11907" type="text/json">{"id":11907,"name":"Runology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11909" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runic_inscriptions">Runic inscriptions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11909" type="text/json">{"id":11909,"name":"Runic inscriptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runic_inscriptions?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17892" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runestones">Runestones</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17892" type="text/json">{"id":17892,"name":"Runestones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runestones?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43944074]'), work: {"id":43944074,"title":"Ristarens lyckade ordlek","created_at":"2020-08-25T02:04:57.147-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43944074/Ristarens_lyckade_ordlek?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_43944074","summary":"Populär artikel om tolkningen av inskriften på Rökstenen (Ög 136) i Östergötland.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64269052,"asset_id":43944074,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33329183,"first_name":"Magnus","last_name":"Källström","domain_name":"raa","page_name":"MagnusKällström","display_name":"Magnus Källström","profile_url":"https://raa.academia.edu/MagnusK%C3%A4llstr%C3%B6m?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33329183/9865723/16482236/s65_magnus.k_llstr_m.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11907,"name":"Runology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11909,"name":"Runic inscriptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runic_inscriptions?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":17892,"name":"Runestones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runestones?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7369789" data-work_id="7369789" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7369789/S_W_Nordeide_Rapport_Utgravninger_p%C3%A5_Horgheim_2012_GNR_65_BNR_1_1539_rauma_kommune_M%C3%B8re_og_Romsdal_Sesong_2">S. W. Nordeide: Rapport. Utgravninger på Horgheim 2012, GNR 65, BNR 1 1539 rauma kommune, Møre og Romsdal. Sesong 2</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7369789" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a12278e8d1b91b3ae350efc9de281ea6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36934871,"asset_id":7369789,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36934871/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1097933" href="https://uib.academia.edu/S%C3%A6bj%C3%B8rgWalakerNordeide">Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1097933" type="text/json">{"id":1097933,"first_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker","last_name":"Nordeide","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"SæbjørgWalakerNordeide","display_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/S%C3%A6bj%C3%B8rgWalakerNordeide?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1097933/635375/20990395/s65_s_bj_rg_walaker.nordeide.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7369789 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7369789"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7369789, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7369789", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7369789]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7369789").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7369789").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7369789"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies">Viking Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11904" type="text/json">{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17562" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_">Death and Burial (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17562" type="text/json">{"id":17562,"name":"Death and Burial (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26999" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Iron_Age_Archaeology_">Late Iron Age (Archaeology)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26999" type="text/json">{"id":26999,"name":"Late Iron Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Iron_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7369789]'), work: {"id":7369789,"title":"S. W. Nordeide: Rapport. Utgravninger på Horgheim 2012, GNR 65, BNR 1 1539 rauma kommune, Møre og Romsdal. Sesong 2","created_at":"2014-06-16T19:19:54.775-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7369789/S_W_Nordeide_Rapport_Utgravninger_p%C3%A5_Horgheim_2012_GNR_65_BNR_1_1539_rauma_kommune_M%C3%B8re_og_Romsdal_Sesong_2?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_7369789","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36934871,"asset_id":7369789,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1097933,"first_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker","last_name":"Nordeide","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"SæbjørgWalakerNordeide","display_name":"Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/S%C3%A6bj%C3%B8rgWalakerNordeide?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1097933/635375/20990395/s65_s_bj_rg_walaker.nordeide.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":17562,"name":"Death and Burial (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":26999,"name":"Late Iron Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Iron_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":34818,"name":"Toponymy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toponymy?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":42197,"name":"Iron Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":130809,"name":"Place Names","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Place_Names?f_ri=38420"},{"id":160560,"name":"VIking-Age ritual and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VIking-Age_ritual_and_religion?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_52168771 coauthored" data-work_id="52168771" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52168771/Population_genomics_of_the_Viking_world">Population genomics of the Viking world</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Viking maritime expansion from Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) marks one of the swiftest and most far-flung cultural transformations in global history. During this time (c. 750 to 1050 CE), the Vikings reached most of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_52168771" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Viking maritime expansion from Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) marks one of the swiftest and most far-flung cultural transformations in global history. During this time (c. 750 to 1050 CE), the Vikings reached most of western Eurasia, Greenland, and North America, and left a cultural legacy that persists till today. To understand the genetic structure and influence of the Viking expansion, we sequenced the genomes of 442 ancient humans from across Europe and Greenland ranging from the Bronze Age (c. 2400 BC) to the early Modern period (c. 1600 CE), with particular emphasis on the Viking Age. We find that the period preceding the Viking Age was accompanied by foreign gene flow into Scandinavia from the south and east: spreading from Denmark and eastern Sweden to the rest of Scandinavia. Despite the close linguistic similarities of modern Scandinavian languages, we observe genetic structure within Scandinavia, suggesting that regional population differences were already ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/52168771" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bad53459f044901ca18a06eacdb2b2c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69558172,"asset_id":52168771,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69558172/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1152404" href="https://vikingeskibsmuseet.academia.edu/OttoUldum">Otto Uldum</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1152404" type="text/json">{"id":1152404,"first_name":"Otto","last_name":"Uldum","domain_name":"vikingeskibsmuseet","page_name":"OttoUldum","display_name":"Otto Uldum","profile_url":"https://vikingeskibsmuseet.academia.edu/OttoUldum?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1152404/406533/86037097/s65_otto.uldum.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-52168771">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-52168771"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://roskildemuseum.academia.edu/OleKastholm">Ole Kastholm</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-52168771'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-52168771').html(); 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During this time (c. 750 to 1050 CE), the Vikings reached most of western Eurasia, Greenland, and North America, and left a cultural legacy that persists till today. To understand the genetic structure and influence of the Viking expansion, we sequenced the genomes of 442 ancient humans from across Europe and Greenland ranging from the Bronze Age (c. 2400 BC) to the early Modern period (c. 1600 CE), with particular emphasis on the Viking Age. We find that the period preceding the Viking Age was accompanied by foreign gene flow into Scandinavia from the south and east: spreading from Denmark and eastern Sweden to the rest of Scandinavia. Despite the close linguistic similarities of modern Scandinavian languages, we observe genetic structure within Scandinavia, suggesting that regional population differences were already ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69558172,"asset_id":52168771,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1152404,"first_name":"Otto","last_name":"Uldum","domain_name":"vikingeskibsmuseet","page_name":"OttoUldum","display_name":"Otto Uldum","profile_url":"https://vikingeskibsmuseet.academia.edu/OttoUldum?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1152404/406533/86037097/s65_otto.uldum.jpg"},{"id":527885,"first_name":"Ole","last_name":"Kastholm","domain_name":"roskildemuseum","page_name":"OleKastholm","display_name":"Ole Kastholm","profile_url":"https://roskildemuseum.academia.edu/OleKastholm?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/527885/187166/226911/s65_ole.kastholm.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":4480,"name":"Population Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Genetics?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41333481" data-work_id="41333481" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41333481/Ferd_og_frakt_over_fjell_og_vidde">Ferd og frakt over fjell og vidde</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study demonstrates how routes over mountain plateaus and passes connected farms, hamlets and regions. The routes enabled wide social and economic networks and were a prerequisite for regional surplus production in the Norwegian... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41333481" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study demonstrates how routes over mountain plateaus and passes connected farms, hamlets and regions. The routes enabled wide social and economic networks and were a prerequisite for regional surplus production in the Norwegian inland areas from the Viking Age.<br />Iron, furs, skins and antlers were among the important commodities for farmers in the mountain and valley regions. These resources were exchanged for goods from the coastal areas, and it is likely that the purpose for much of the traffic over the mountains was trade. Medieval law texts and later historical sources indicate that the bulk of the traffic over mountains took place during the summer. The commodities were transported on packhorses or by foot.<br />Using archaeological sites and findings, as well as place-names and historical sources, I have mapped the main mountain trails in South Norway. The historical significance of these communication routes are indicated by large burial sites, some consisting of hundreds of burial mounds, at the foot of several mountain crossings. These sites are testament to the great importance and value of communication and transportation across mountains passes – and its control – well before the extensive regional surplus production from the last half the Viking Age.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41333481" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aa38ecf3c8e86d74c2f203df28ccd42f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61537511,"asset_id":41333481,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61537511/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1216776" href="https://uio.academia.edu/KjetilLoftsgarden">Kjetil Loftsgarden</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1216776" type="text/json">{"id":1216776,"first_name":"Kjetil","last_name":"Loftsgarden","domain_name":"uio","page_name":"KjetilLoftsgarden","display_name":"Kjetil Loftsgarden","profile_url":"https://uio.academia.edu/KjetilLoftsgarden?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1216776/2642925/36533828/s65_kjetil.loftsgarden.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41333481 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41333481"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41333481, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41333481", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41333481]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41333481").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41333481").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41333481"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9288" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia">Medieval Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9288" type="text/json">{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="648975" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trade_Routes">Trade Routes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="648975" type="text/json">{"id":648975,"name":"Trade Routes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trade_Routes?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41333481]'), work: {"id":41333481,"title":"Ferd og frakt over fjell og vidde","created_at":"2019-12-17T00:26:13.544-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41333481/Ferd_og_frakt_over_fjell_og_vidde?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_41333481","summary":"This study demonstrates how routes over mountain plateaus and passes connected farms, hamlets and regions. The routes enabled wide social and economic networks and were a prerequisite for regional surplus production in the Norwegian inland areas from the Viking Age.\nIron, furs, skins and antlers were among the important commodities for farmers in the mountain and valley regions. These resources were exchanged for goods from the coastal areas, and it is likely that the purpose for much of the traffic over the mountains was trade. Medieval law texts and later historical sources indicate that the bulk of the traffic over mountains took place during the summer. The commodities were transported on packhorses or by foot.\nUsing archaeological sites and findings, as well as place-names and historical sources, I have mapped the main mountain trails in South Norway. The historical significance of these communication routes are indicated by large burial sites, some consisting of hundreds of burial mounds, at the foot of several mountain crossings. These sites are testament to the great importance and value of communication and transportation across mountains passes – and its control – well before the extensive regional surplus production from the last half the Viking Age.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61537511,"asset_id":41333481,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1216776,"first_name":"Kjetil","last_name":"Loftsgarden","domain_name":"uio","page_name":"KjetilLoftsgarden","display_name":"Kjetil Loftsgarden","profile_url":"https://uio.academia.edu/KjetilLoftsgarden?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1216776/2642925/36533828/s65_kjetil.loftsgarden.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":648975,"name":"Trade Routes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trade_Routes?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64355563" data-work_id="64355563" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/64355563/Shieldmaidens_in_Anglo_Saxon_England_historical_possibility_or_wishful_thinking">Shieldmaidens in Anglo-Saxon England: historical possibility or wishful thinking?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Scandinavian women are regularly depicted as warriors, or shieldmaidens, fighting both in international raids and in defending their homes in the popular television series Vikings. But is this portrayal likely to be accurate? Following an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_64355563" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Scandinavian women are regularly depicted as warriors, or shieldmaidens, fighting both in international raids and in defending their homes in the popular television series Vikings. But is this portrayal likely to be accurate? Following an examination of the depiction of warrior women in the series, this paper will try to answer this question by focussing on one of the regions that shieldmaidens in the series are shown fighting in, Anglo-Saxon England. England benefits from having primary written sources for the Viking Age, as well as numerous excavations, including the burials of three females with weapons, making them potential shieldmaidens.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64355563" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="188650" href="https://uhi.academia.edu/ShaneMcLeod">Shane McLeod</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="188650" type="text/json">{"id":188650,"first_name":"Shane","last_name":"McLeod","domain_name":"uhi","page_name":"ShaneMcLeod","display_name":"Shane McLeod","profile_url":"https://uhi.academia.edu/ShaneMcLeod?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/188650/90064/140720020/s65_shane.mcleod.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64355563 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64355563"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64355563, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64355563", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_64355563 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64355563; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_64355563"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_64355563 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64355563"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64355563; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64355563]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_64355563").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_64355563").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="64355563"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1571" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Television_Studies">Television Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1571" type="text/json">{"id":1571,"name":"Television Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Television_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2371" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_Studies">Anglo-Saxon Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2371" type="text/json">{"id":2371,"name":"Anglo-Saxon Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=64355563]'), work: {"id":64355563,"title":"Shieldmaidens in Anglo-Saxon England: historical possibility or wishful thinking?","created_at":"2021-12-15T12:00:47.832-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/64355563/Shieldmaidens_in_Anglo_Saxon_England_historical_possibility_or_wishful_thinking?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_64355563","summary":"Scandinavian women are regularly depicted as warriors, or shieldmaidens, fighting both in international raids and in defending their homes in the popular television series Vikings. But is this portrayal likely to be accurate? Following an examination of the depiction of warrior women in the series, this paper will try to answer this question by focussing on one of the regions that shieldmaidens in the series are shown fighting in, Anglo-Saxon England. England benefits from having primary written sources for the Viking Age, as well as numerous excavations, including the burials of three females with weapons, making them potential shieldmaidens.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":188650,"first_name":"Shane","last_name":"McLeod","domain_name":"uhi","page_name":"ShaneMcLeod","display_name":"Shane McLeod","profile_url":"https://uhi.academia.edu/ShaneMcLeod?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/188650/90064/140720020/s65_shane.mcleod.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":1571,"name":"Television Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Television_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":2371,"name":"Anglo-Saxon Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":4268,"name":"Anglo-Saxon Studies (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_Studies_History_?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":16758,"name":"Early medieval Britain (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_medieval_Britain_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420"},{"id":19618,"name":"Anglo Saxon Burial Studies (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo_Saxon_Burial_Studies_Archaeology_?f_ri=38420"},{"id":27942,"name":"Vikings in the North Atlantic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_North_Atlantic?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":90114,"name":"Vikings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings?f_ri=38420"},{"id":96912,"name":"Viking Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":97538,"name":"Material Culture of the Viking age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_of_the_Viking_age?f_ri=38420"},{"id":389033,"name":"Death and Burial Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology?f_ri=38420"},{"id":988067,"name":"Viking Swords","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Swords?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49045302" data-work_id="49045302" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49045302/Legal_Custom_and_Lex_Castrensis_Using_law_and_literature_to_navigate_the_North_Sea_neighbourhood_in_the_late_Viking_Age">Legal Custom and Lex Castrensis?: Using law and literature to navigate the North-Sea neighbourhood in the late Viking Age</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In his Lex Castrensis, the twelfth-century Danish writer Sven Aggesen tells the story of the creation of a law that he attributes to Knútr inn ríki (Cnut the Great) as a means of governing his substantial military following of retainers,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49045302" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In his Lex Castrensis, the twelfth-century Danish writer Sven Aggesen tells the story of the creation of a law that he attributes to Knútr inn ríki (Cnut the Great) as a means of governing his substantial military following of retainers, known as the hirð. As unlikely as it is for Sven to claim that he preserves the law exactly as it was in Knútr's own time, the text's focus on process and punishment raises an intriguing question: can evidence be seen for shifting punitive attitudes and legal exchange in the late Viking-Age period of intense contact, interaction, and accommodation between Scandinavia and the British Isles? This chapter will offer a first step in considering the possibility for the exchange of legal practices and concepts in this context, and present a newly refined picture of England and its Scandinavian neighbours – one which points to sophisticated legal interchange happening much earlier than usually thought.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49045302" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="25f376fb233e22c46056be141f59aec1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67430241,"asset_id":49045302,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67430241/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4246783" href="https://ucs.academia.edu/KeithRuiter">Keith Ruiter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4246783" type="text/json">{"id":4246783,"first_name":"Keith","last_name":"Ruiter","domain_name":"ucs","page_name":"KeithRuiter","display_name":"Keith Ruiter","profile_url":"https://ucs.academia.edu/KeithRuiter?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4246783/1670108/38504076/s65_keith.ruiter.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49045302 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49045302"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49045302, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49045302", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49045302 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49045302; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49045302"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49045302 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49045302"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49045302; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49045302]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49045302").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49045302").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49045302"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Literature">Latin Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="827" type="text/json">{"id":827,"name":"Latin Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1228" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature">Medieval Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1228" type="text/json">{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2853" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2853" type="text/json">{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49045302]'), work: {"id":49045302,"title":"Legal Custom and Lex Castrensis?: Using law and literature to navigate the North-Sea neighbourhood in the late Viking Age","created_at":"2021-05-25T17:13:26.547-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49045302/Legal_Custom_and_Lex_Castrensis_Using_law_and_literature_to_navigate_the_North_Sea_neighbourhood_in_the_late_Viking_Age?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_49045302","summary":"In his Lex Castrensis, the twelfth-century Danish writer Sven Aggesen tells the story of the creation of a law that he attributes to Knútr inn ríki (Cnut the Great) as a means of governing his substantial military following of retainers, known as the hirð. As unlikely as it is for Sven to claim that he preserves the law exactly as it was in Knútr's own time, the text's focus on process and punishment raises an intriguing question: can evidence be seen for shifting punitive attitudes and legal exchange in the late Viking-Age period of intense contact, interaction, and accommodation between Scandinavia and the British Isles? This chapter will offer a first step in considering the possibility for the exchange of legal practices and concepts in this context, and present a newly refined picture of England and its Scandinavian neighbours – one which points to sophisticated legal interchange happening much earlier than usually thought.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67430241,"asset_id":49045302,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4246783,"first_name":"Keith","last_name":"Ruiter","domain_name":"ucs","page_name":"KeithRuiter","display_name":"Keith Ruiter","profile_url":"https://ucs.academia.edu/KeithRuiter?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4246783/1670108/38504076/s65_keith.ruiter.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":827,"name":"Latin Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7629,"name":"Early Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":12764,"name":"Customary Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Customary_Law?f_ri=38420"},{"id":12936,"name":"Medieval 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30120409" data-work_id="30120409" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/30120409/Viking_Coloring_Book_promotional_page_pdf">Viking Coloring Book promotional page.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">First promotional coloring page for the upcoming Viking Coloring Book.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30120409" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4235" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature">Old Norse Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4235" type="text/json">{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7060" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women">Medieval Women</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7060" type="text/json">{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8330710]'), work: {"id":8330710,"title":"Konur og völd í Breiðafirði á miðöldum","created_at":"2014-09-14T23:57:04.812-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8330710/Konur_og_v%C3%B6ld_%C3%AD_Brei%C3%B0afir%C3%B0i_%C3%A1_mi%C3%B0%C3%B6ldum?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_8330710","summary":"An article published in Skírnir 187 (2013), 161-75.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34735678,"asset_id":8330710,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":963489,"first_name":"Sverrir","last_name":"Jakobsson","domain_name":"hi","page_name":"SverrirJakobsson","display_name":"Sverrir Jakobsson","profile_url":"https://hi.academia.edu/SverrirJakobsson?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/963489/730609/6376160/s65_sverrir.jakobsson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":4235,"name":"Old Norse Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_Literature?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":18273,"name":"History of Iceland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Iceland?f_ri=38420"},{"id":18274,"name":"Scandinavian history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_history?f_ri=38420"},{"id":22937,"name":"Mediaeval Icelandic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediaeval_Icelandic_History?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":38460,"name":"Gender Studies (Medieval Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies_Medieval_Studies_?f_ri=38420"},{"id":70300,"name":"Old Norse literature and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_literature_and_culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":209331,"name":"Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse-Icelandic_Literature_and_Culture?f_ri=38420"},{"id":259531,"name":"Old Norse-Old Icelandic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse-Old_Icelandic_Literature?f_ri=38420"},{"id":429584,"name":"Medieval gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_gender?f_ri=38420"},{"id":593860,"name":"Medieval Women and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women_and_Gender?f_ri=38420"},{"id":646447,"name":"Women in the Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_in_the_Middle_Ages?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49277087" data-work_id="49277087" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49277087/FIOS_E_CORES_CONTAM_HIST%C3%93RIAS_%C3%80_ARTE_DA_TAPE%C3%87ARIA_NA_ERA_VIKING_ARTIGO_HIST%C3%93RIA_MEDIEVAL_WEB_PAGE_VERSION_">FIOS E CORES CONTAM HISTÓRIAS À ARTE DA TAPEÇARIA NA ERA VIKING (ARTIGO - HISTÓRIA MEDIEVAL, WEB PAGE VERSION)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A tapeçaria no mundo medieval, consistiu em um dos mais importantes elementos de registros históricos das sociedades daquele período, muitas continham eventos marcantes, celebrações e até mesmo de cunho religioso, na Escandinávia naquele... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49277087" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A tapeçaria no mundo medieval, consistiu em um dos mais importantes elementos de registros históricos das sociedades daquele período, muitas continham eventos marcantes, celebrações e até mesmo de cunho religioso, na Escandinávia naquele período algumas dessas peças continham eventos associados a mitologia nórdica e a vida cotidiana de seus habitantes, há maior parte delas provém do período de ascensão do cristianismo naquela região, bem como de regiões que possuíam descendentes dos nórdicos, como a França, a Rússia, a Inglaterra, etc. E somente dois exemplares até o momento são oriundos da chamada Era Viking, conheça um pouco sobre elas, bem como as atuais tapeçarias que são realizadas nos dias de hoje.<br />Palavras chave: Tapeçaria, Era Viking, Registro Histórico, Normandos, Escandinávia.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49277087" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a69587fc540f4bb98f334df4587c90a3" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":192454742,"first_name":"Márcia","last_name":"Gutierrez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GutierrezMárcia","display_name":"Márcia Gutierrez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GutierrezM%C3%A1rcia?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/192454742/55266656/167967228/s65_m_rcia.gutierrez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49277087 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49277087"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49277087, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49277087", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49277087 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x 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}); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49277087").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49277087"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="97538" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_of_the_Viking_age">Material Culture of the Viking age</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="97538" type="text/json">{"id":97538,"name":"Material Culture of the Viking age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_of_the_Viking_age?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="124062" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Textile_Production">Viking Age Textile Production</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="124062" type="text/json">{"id":124062,"name":"Viking Age Textile Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Textile_Production?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49277087]'), work: {"id":49277087,"title":"FIOS E CORES CONTAM HISTÓRIAS À ARTE DA TAPEÇARIA NA ERA VIKING (ARTIGO - \n HISTÓRIA MEDIEVAL, WEB PAGE VERSION)","created_at":"2021-06-17T14:53:10.656-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49277087/FIOS_E_CORES_CONTAM_HIST%C3%93RIAS_%C3%80_ARTE_DA_TAPE%C3%87ARIA_NA_ERA_VIKING_ARTIGO_HIST%C3%93RIA_MEDIEVAL_WEB_PAGE_VERSION_?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_49277087","summary":"A tapeçaria no mundo medieval, consistiu em um dos mais importantes elementos de registros históricos das sociedades daquele período, muitas continham eventos marcantes, celebrações e até mesmo de cunho religioso, na Escandinávia naquele período algumas dessas peças continham eventos associados a mitologia nórdica e a vida cotidiana de seus habitantes, há maior parte delas provém do período de ascensão do cristianismo naquela região, bem como de regiões que possuíam descendentes dos nórdicos, como a França, a Rússia, a Inglaterra, etc. E somente dois exemplares até o momento são oriundos da chamada Era Viking, conheça um pouco sobre elas, bem como as atuais tapeçarias que são realizadas nos dias de hoje.\nPalavras chave: Tapeçaria, Era Viking, Registro Histórico, Normandos, Escandinávia. \n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74159137,"asset_id":49277087,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":192454742,"first_name":"Márcia","last_name":"Gutierrez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GutierrezMárcia","display_name":"Márcia Gutierrez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GutierrezM%C3%A1rcia?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/192454742/55266656/167967228/s65_m_rcia.gutierrez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":97538,"name":"Material Culture of the Viking age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_of_the_Viking_age?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":124062,"name":"Viking Age Textile Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Textile_Production?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":503928,"name":"Viking Age Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Art?f_ri=38420"},{"id":635693,"name":"Bayeux Tapestry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayeux_Tapestry?f_ri=38420"},{"id":891473,"name":"Medieval Tapestry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Tapestry?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34122714" data-work_id="34122714" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34122714/Ett_ol%C3%A4st_namn_p%C3%A5_Igelstastenen_i_%C3%96stert%C3%A4lje">Ett oläst namn på Igelstastenen i Östertälje</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article deals with the inscription on a rune-stone fragment discovered in 1985 at Igelsta in Östertälje parish in Södermanland, which according to the author commemorates a man named Øygrīmʀ. This name is very rare and is previously... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34122714" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article deals with the inscription on a rune-stone fragment discovered in 1985 at Igelsta in Östertälje parish in Södermanland, which according to the author commemorates a man named Øygrīmʀ. This name is very rare and is previously unrecorded in East Scandinavian<br />sources.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34122714" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de351bef2c4f2160d00aaa7dbdd349de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54051832,"asset_id":34122714,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54051832/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33329183" href="https://raa.academia.edu/MagnusK%C3%A4llstr%C3%B6m">Magnus Källström</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33329183" type="text/json">{"id":33329183,"first_name":"Magnus","last_name":"Källström","domain_name":"raa","page_name":"MagnusKällström","display_name":"Magnus Källström","profile_url":"https://raa.academia.edu/MagnusK%C3%A4llstr%C3%B6m?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33329183/9865723/16482236/s65_magnus.k_llstr_m.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34122714 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34122714"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34122714, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34122714", }); 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This name is very rare and is previously unrecorded in East Scandinavian\nsources.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54051832,"asset_id":34122714,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33329183,"first_name":"Magnus","last_name":"Källström","domain_name":"raa","page_name":"MagnusKällström","display_name":"Magnus Källström","profile_url":"https://raa.academia.edu/MagnusK%C3%A4llstr%C3%B6m?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33329183/9865723/16482236/s65_magnus.k_llstr_m.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3904,"name":"Onomastics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onomastics?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11907,"name":"Runology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Runology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11909,"name":"Runic 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November. In Hungarian.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37674568" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="70821e8665add4c896f70a156bdd0a44" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57663750,"asset_id":37674568,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57663750/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13384851" href="https://internationalfolkart.academia.edu/LarsKrutak">Lars Krutak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13384851" type="text/json">{"id":13384851,"first_name":"Lars","last_name":"Krutak","domain_name":"internationalfolkart","page_name":"LarsKrutak","display_name":"Lars Krutak","profile_url":"https://internationalfolkart.academia.edu/LarsKrutak?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13384851/5129939/5878191/s65_lars.krutak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37674568 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37674568"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37674568, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37674568", }); 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itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19453687/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B8_%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5_">Родословная датских и шведских королей по «Саге о Хервёр и конунге Хейдреке»</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Russian translation of the last two chapters of "Hervarar  saga  ok  Heidreks", dealing with the genealogy of Swedish kings up to the first decades of the XII century. With preface and notes on the text history and commentary.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19453687" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="33acfa71f3d31d3a8bcf3e5ce2683074" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40628968,"asset_id":19453687,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40628968/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="528580" href="https://uni-giessen.academia.edu/GlebKazakov">Gleb Kazakov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="528580" type="text/json">{"id":528580,"first_name":"Gleb","last_name":"Kazakov","domain_name":"uni-giessen","page_name":"GlebKazakov","display_name":"Gleb Kazakov","profile_url":"https://uni-giessen.academia.edu/GlebKazakov?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/528580/187525/18999265/s65_gleb.kazakov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19453687 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19453687"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19453687, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19453687", }); 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СПб., 2012.","created_at":"2013-12-20T02:53:21.076-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5488581/_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B0_VIII_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_IX_%D0%B2_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8_X_%D1%87%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%9F%D0%B1_2012?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_5488581","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32598438,"asset_id":5488581,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3658610,"first_name":"Sergey","last_name":"Voroniatov","domain_name":"hermitage","page_name":"SergeyVoroniatov","display_name":"Sergey Voroniatov","profile_url":"https://hermitage.academia.edu/SergeyVoroniatov?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3658610/1291436/161596402/s65_sergey.voroniatov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":48587,"name":"Khazar archaeology and history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Khazar_archaeology_and_history?f_ri=38420"},{"id":90114,"name":"Vikings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings?f_ri=38420"},{"id":202022,"name":"Khazars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Khazars?f_ri=38420"},{"id":310434,"name":"Vikings in the East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vikings_in_the_East?f_ri=38420"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4165946" data-work_id="4165946" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4165946/Suti%C3%A3_de_A%C3%A7o_A_representa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_mulher_guerreira_no_filme_Como_Treinar_seu_Drag%C3%A3o">Sutiã de Aço: A representação da mulher guerreira no filme Como Treinar seu Dragão.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Figura 1: Poster do filme no Brasil. Detalhe para o elmo de Soluço feito a partir do protetor de seios de sua mãe.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4165946" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cf505685ac0c5f41efd33b7e6c660cd6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32808244,"asset_id":4165946,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32808244/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="579017" href="https://ufpb.academia.edu/RicardoMenezes">Ricardo Menezes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="579017" type="text/json">{"id":579017,"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Menezes","domain_name":"ufpb","page_name":"RicardoMenezes","display_name":"Ricardo Menezes","profile_url":"https://ufpb.academia.edu/RicardoMenezes?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/579017/205865/18181464/s65_ricardo.menezes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4165946 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4165946"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4165946, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4165946", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4165946]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4165946").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4165946").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4165946"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7060" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women">Medieval Women</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7060" type="text/json">{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4165946]'), work: {"id":4165946,"title":"Sutiã de Aço: A representação da mulher guerreira no filme Como Treinar seu Dragão.","created_at":"2013-08-03T10:44:19.888-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4165946/Suti%C3%A3_de_A%C3%A7o_A_representa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_mulher_guerreira_no_filme_Como_Treinar_seu_Drag%C3%A3o?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_4165946","summary":"Figura 1: Poster do filme no Brasil. Detalhe para o elmo de Soluço feito a partir do protetor de seios de sua mãe.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32808244,"asset_id":4165946,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":579017,"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Menezes","domain_name":"ufpb","page_name":"RicardoMenezes","display_name":"Ricardo Menezes","profile_url":"https://ufpb.academia.edu/RicardoMenezes?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/579017/205865/18181464/s65_ricardo.menezes.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":7060,"name":"Medieval Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Women?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35077662" data-work_id="35077662" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35077662/Les_vikings_une_saga_europ%C3%A9enne">Les vikings, une saga européenne</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">S'ils n'ont pas usurpé leur image d'hommes brutaux, les vikings nous montrent aujourd'hui un nouveau visage. Archéologues et historiens nous les dévoilent ainsi marchands, diplomates, mercenaires ou explorateurs. Au fond, ils n'avaient... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35077662" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">S'ils n'ont pas usurpé leur image d'hommes brutaux, les vikings nous montrent aujourd'hui un nouveau visage. Archéologues et historiens nous les dévoilent ainsi marchands, diplomates, mercenaires ou explorateurs. Au fond, ils n'avaient qu'un seul point commun : partir outre-mer pour s'enrichir, et parfois trouver la gloire. Au contact de dizaines d'autres civilisations, ne rechignant pas aux métissages ni à la conversion au christianisme, ils changèrent le visage de l'Europe entre le VIIIe et le XIe siècle.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35077662" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="098b53dbae88464f2a4e897a79236eb3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54938407,"asset_id":35077662,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54938407/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1786885" href="https://univ-poitiers.academia.edu/MALBOSLucie">MALBOS Lucie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1786885" type="text/json">{"id":1786885,"first_name":"MALBOS","last_name":"Lucie","domain_name":"univ-poitiers","page_name":"MALBOSLucie","display_name":"MALBOS Lucie","profile_url":"https://univ-poitiers.academia.edu/MALBOSLucie?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1786885/775967/63865695/s65_malbos.lucie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35077662 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35077662"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35077662, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35077662", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35077662]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35077662").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35077662").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35077662"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11904" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies">Viking Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11904" type="text/json">{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology">Viking Age Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14253" type="text/json">{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38420" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia">Viking Age Scandinavia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38420" type="text/json">{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35077662]'), work: {"id":35077662,"title":"Les vikings, une saga européenne","created_at":"2017-11-07T06:56:15.669-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35077662/Les_vikings_une_saga_europ%C3%A9enne?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_35077662","summary":"S'ils n'ont pas usurpé leur image d'hommes brutaux, les vikings nous montrent aujourd'hui un nouveau visage. Archéologues et historiens nous les dévoilent ainsi marchands, diplomates, mercenaires ou explorateurs. Au fond, ils n'avaient qu'un seul point commun : partir outre-mer pour s'enrichir, et parfois trouver la gloire. Au contact de dizaines d'autres civilisations, ne rechignant pas aux métissages ni à la conversion au christianisme, ils changèrent le visage de l'Europe entre le VIIIe et le XIe siècle.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54938407,"asset_id":35077662,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1786885,"first_name":"MALBOS","last_name":"Lucie","domain_name":"univ-poitiers","page_name":"MALBOSLucie","display_name":"MALBOS Lucie","profile_url":"https://univ-poitiers.academia.edu/MALBOSLucie?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1786885/775967/63865695/s65_malbos.lucie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":14253,"name":"Viking Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":38420,"name":"Viking Age Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Age_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14110551" data-work_id="14110551" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14110551/The_Tale_of_King_Harald_The_Last_Viking_Adventure_Chapter_1_">The Tale of King Harald: The Last Viking Adventure (Chapter 1)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Child in exile, Russian warlord, mercenary for the Greek Emperor, Christian warrior in the Holy Land, King of Norway; Harald Hard-ruler was many things in the course of a brilliant and blood-soaked career, but he is mostly remembered... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14110551" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Child in exile, Russian warlord, mercenary for the Greek Emperor, Christian warrior in the Holy Land, King of Norway; Harald Hard-ruler was many things in the course of a brilliant and blood-soaked career, but he is mostly remembered today (if he is remembered at all) as the Viking king who scuppered the chances of successful English resistance to the Normans at the battle of Hastings in 1066. But Harald, often regarded as the last of the Viking kings, deserves to be more than a mere footnote to the familiar story of the Norman Conquest. This book, an illustrated retelling of Harald’s life and legend, with factual sections exploring the Viking world, sets out to put that right.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14110551" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ce1249b4c4fd50784d0a712f5fcd0a18" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38462610,"asset_id":14110551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38462610/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="104195" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ThomasWilliams147">Thomas J T Williams</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="104195" type="text/json">{"id":104195,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Williams","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThomasWilliams147","display_name":"Thomas J T Williams","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThomasWilliams147?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/104195/28672/17927049/s65_thomas.williams.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14110551 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14110551"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14110551, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14110551", }); 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Harald Hard-ruler was many things in the course of a brilliant and blood-soaked career, but he is mostly remembered today (if he is remembered at all) as the Viking king who scuppered the chances of successful English resistance to the Normans at the battle of Hastings in 1066. But Harald, often regarded as the last of the Viking kings, deserves to be more than a mere footnote to the familiar story of the Norman Conquest. 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Populär Arkeologi 2:2008</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8110337" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="03d011451962050b78809ea952f042c4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34557335,"asset_id":8110337,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Baltic_Studies?f_ri=38420","nofollow":true},{"id":6972,"name":"Baltic Sea Region Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Baltic_Sea_Region_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7283,"name":"Reception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reception?f_ri=38420"},{"id":7354,"name":"Early Modern Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Europe?f_ri=38420"},{"id":9288,"name":"Medieval Scandinavia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Scandinavia?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11795,"name":"Swedish Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swedish_Literature?f_ri=38420"},{"id":11904,"name":"Viking Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viking_Studies?f_ri=38420"},{"id":17633,"name":"Swedish","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swedish?f_ri=38420"},{"id":27395,"name":"Swedish 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34256970" data-work_id="34256970" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34256970/John_H_Lind_Populismens_triumf_Vikingerne_en_nationalromantisk_fiktion_The_Triumph_of_Populism_the_Vikings_a_National_Romantic_Fiction_Ark%C3%A6ologisk_Forum_No_36_2017_11_15">John H Lind, Populismens triumf – Vikingerne en nationalromantisk fiktion (The Triumph of Populism – the Vikings, a National Romantic Fiction), Arkæologisk Forum. No 36, 2017, 11-15.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is essentially a review of part three of a TV dramatization of Danish History (Historien om Danmark), featuring the so-called ‘Viking Age’, where Danish history, it is claimed, reached ‘vertiginous glory’ (svimlende storhed). The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34256970" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is essentially a review of part three of a TV dramatization of Danish History (Historien om Danmark), featuring the so-called ‘Viking Age’, where Danish history, it is claimed, reached ‘vertiginous glory’ (svimlende storhed). The review originated in the draft discussion, ‘Vikingerne var ikke danskere og danskerne var ikke vikinger’ (Vikings were not Danes and Danes were not Vikings), which I initiated in academia.edu (April 2017) in frustration over the low scholarly level of the program, with its misuse of the term ‘Vikings’. The term was scattered all over the narrative and used both by the narrator and the two supporting ‘expert’ archaeologists as if the term at the time was synonymous with Scandinavians. This it was not! ‘Vikings’ in contemporary sources simply signified ‘pirates’ and as such it was used about a number of non-Scandinavian ethnicities in both Anglo-Saxon and Norse sources, just as it could be used about pagans, Christians as well as Muslims. Another point taken up is the rather anachronistic suggestion that the Danish king Harald Bluetooth adopted Christianity (cf. the famous runic stone at Jelling) in defence of a German threat. <br />Frederik Pedersen of University of Aberdeen kindly pointed out that in the printed version the obits for Otto I and Otto II were dated a century too early, 873 and 883, respectively. As the context would suggest the correct the dates are 973 and 983. Never trust yourself!</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34256970" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="55d60d6b31f88e871ee136528f881231" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54168732,"asset_id":34256970,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54168732/download_file?st=MTczOTgzMTU5MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4996167" href="https://southerndenmark.academia.edu/JohnLind">John H Lind</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4996167" type="text/json">{"id":4996167,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Lind","domain_name":"southerndenmark","page_name":"JohnLind","display_name":"John H Lind","profile_url":"https://southerndenmark.academia.edu/JohnLind?f_ri=38420","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4996167/5605452/6379948/s65_john_h.lind.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34256970 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34256970"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34256970, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34256970", }); 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No 36, 2017, 11-15.","created_at":"2017-08-17T11:24:38.508-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34256970/John_H_Lind_Populismens_triumf_Vikingerne_en_nationalromantisk_fiktion_The_Triumph_of_Populism_the_Vikings_a_National_Romantic_Fiction_Ark%C3%A6ologisk_Forum_No_36_2017_11_15?f_ri=38420","dom_id":"work_34256970","summary":"This is essentially a review of part three of a TV dramatization of Danish History (Historien om Danmark), featuring the so-called ‘Viking Age’, where Danish history, it is claimed, reached ‘vertiginous glory’ (svimlende storhed). The review originated in the draft discussion, ‘Vikingerne var ikke danskere og danskerne var ikke vikinger’ (Vikings were not Danes and Danes were not Vikings), which I initiated in academia.edu (April 2017) in frustration over the low scholarly level of the program, with its misuse of the term ‘Vikings’. The term was scattered all over the narrative and used both by the narrator and the two supporting ‘expert’ archaeologists as if the term at the time was synonymous with Scandinavians. This it was not! ‘Vikings’ in contemporary sources simply signified ‘pirates’ and as such it was used about a number of non-Scandinavian ethnicities in both Anglo-Saxon and Norse sources, just as it could be used about pagans, Christians as well as Muslims. Another point taken up is the rather anachronistic suggestion that the Danish king Harald Bluetooth adopted Christianity (cf. the famous runic stone at Jelling) in defence of a German threat.\r\nFrederik Pedersen of University of Aberdeen kindly pointed out that in the printed version the obits for Otto I and Otto II were dated a century too early, 873 and 883, respectively. As the context would suggest the correct the dates are 973 and 983. 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