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src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ja.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.25em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ja.svg" width="100" height="14" style="width: 6.25em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%A4%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia内を検索 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>検索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form 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aria-label="個人用ツール" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">個人用ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="利用者メニュー" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ja.wikipedia.org&uselang=ja"><span>寄付</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90&returnto=%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F" title="アカウントを作成してログインすることをお勧めしますが、必須ではありません"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>アカウント作成</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-特徴" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#特徴"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>特徴</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-特徴-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-医療用途" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#医療用途"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>医療用途</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-医療用途-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-脚注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脚注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>脚注</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-脚注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部リンク" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部リンク"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部リンク</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部リンク-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">マリアアザミ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語54件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A" title="アラビア語: سلبين مريمي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سلبين مريمي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%89" title="エジプト・アラビア語: سلبين مريمى" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سلبين مريمى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="エジプト・アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="アストゥリアス語: Silybum marianum" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="アストゥリアス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi_alaqanqal" title="アゼルバイジャン語: Adi alaqanqal" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Adi alaqanqal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="アゼルバイジャン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84" title="South Azerbaijani: عادی آلاقانقال" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عادی آلاقانقال" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="ベラルーシ語: Растаропша плямістая" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Растаропша плямістая" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ベラルーシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8F%D0%BB_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="ブルガリア語: Бял трън" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бял трън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ブルガリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_mari%C3%A0" title="カタロニア語: Card marià" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Card marià" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="カタロニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="セブアノ語: Silybum marianum" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="セブアノ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostropest%C5%99ec_mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD" title="チェコ語: Ostropestřec mariánský" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ostropestřec mariánský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="チェコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariendistel" title="ドイツ語: Mariendistel" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mariendistel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="英語: Silybum marianum" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakta_kardo" title="エスペラント語: Lakta kardo" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lakta kardo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="エスペラント語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="スペイン語: Silybum marianum" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harilik_maarjaohakas" title="エストニア語: Harilik maarjaohakas" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Harilik maarjaohakas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="エストニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astalikardu" title="バスク語: Astalikardu" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Astalikardu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="バスク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ペルシア語: خار مریم" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خار مریم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maarianohdake" title="フィンランド語: Maarianohdake" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maarianohdake" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="フィンランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chardon-Marie" title="フランス語: Chardon-Marie" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chardon-Marie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardo_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="ガリシア語: Cardo de Santa María" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cardo de Santa María" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ガリシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%99" title="ヘブライ語: גדילן מצוי" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גדילן מצוי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ヘブライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijin_oslobod" title="クロアチア語: Marijin oslobod" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Marijin oslobod" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1riat%C3%B6vis" title="ハンガリー語: Máriatövis" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Máriatövis" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ハンガリー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="イタリア語: Silybum marianum" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A7%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ジョージア語: ბაყაყურა" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბაყაყურა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ジョージア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asennan_n_we%C9%A3yul" title="カビル語: Asennan n weɣyul" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asennan n weɣyul" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="カビル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="カザフ語: Алатікен" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Алатікен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="カザフ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%80%ED%81%AC%EC%94%A8%EC%8A%AC" title="韓国語: 밀크씨슬" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="밀크씨슬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givzonik" title="クルド語: Givzonik" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Givzonik" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="クルド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="ラテン語: Silybum marianum" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ラテン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikrasis_margainis" title="リトアニア語: Tikrasis margainis" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tikrasis margainis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="リトアニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BD" title="マケドニア語: Млечен трн" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Млечен трн" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="マケドニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%A9%D1%81" title="モンゴル語: Мэригийн чонын өргөс" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мэригийн чонын өргөс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="モンゴル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariadistel" title="オランダ語: Mariadistel" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mariadistel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariatistel" title="ノルウェー語(ブークモール): Mariatistel" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mariatistel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ブークモール)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="オック語: Silybum marianum" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="オック語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostropest_plamisty" title="ポーランド語: Ostropest plamisty" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ostropest plamisty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylibum_marianum" title="ピエモンテ語: Sylibum marianum" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sylibum marianum" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="ピエモンテ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%92" title="Western Punjabi: لے" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85_%DA%85%DA%85" title="パシュトゥー語: مريم څڅ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مريم څڅ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="パシュトゥー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" title="ポルトガル語: Silybum marianum" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Silybum marianum" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armurar" title="ルーマニア語: Armurar" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Armurar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="ロシア語: Расторопша пятнистая" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Расторопша пятнистая" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pestrec_mari%C3%A1nsky" title="スロバキア語: Pestrec mariánsky" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pestrec mariánsky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="スロバキア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegasti_badelj" title="スロベニア語: Pegasti badelj" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pegasti badelj" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="スロベニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="セルビア語: Гујина трава" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гујина трава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariatistelsl%C3%A4ktet" title="スウェーデン語: Mariatistelsläktet" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mariatistelsläktet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="タジク語: Хори каррок" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хори каррок" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="タジク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="ウクライナ語: Розторопша плямиста" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Розторопша плямиста" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%AF%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ウルドゥー語: مریم گوکھرد" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مریم گوکھرد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ウルドゥー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutli_qushqo%27nmas" title="ウズベク語: Sutli qushqo'nmas" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sutli qushqo'nmas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ウズベク語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BA%BF_s%E1%BB%AFa" title="ベトナム語: Kế sữa" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kế sữa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ベトナム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcherdon_Notru-Dame" title="ワロン語: Tcherdon Notru-Dame" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tcherdon Notru-Dame" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="ワロン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%A3%9E%E8%93%9F" title="中国語: 水飞蓟" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="水飞蓟" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193798#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 他のプロジェクト </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" hreflang="en"><span>コモンズ</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" hreflang="en"><span>ウィキスピーシーズ</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193798" title="関連付けられたデータリポジトリ項目へのリンク [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ウィキデータ項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox bordered" style="width:18em;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="font-size:110%;background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;">マリアアザミ </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Milk_thistle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Milk_thistle.jpg/250px-Milk_thistle.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Milk_thistle.jpg/375px-Milk_thistle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Milk_thistle.jpg/500px-Milk_thistle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span> <div>マリアアザミ</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E3%81%AE%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="生物の分類">分類</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table class="borderless" style="margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%8C_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="界 (分類学)">界</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">: </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="植物界">植物界</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantae" class="extiw" title="w:Plantae">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%80_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="門 (分類学)">門</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">: </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%AB%E5%AD%90%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="被子植物門">被子植物門</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnoliophyta" class="extiw" title="w:Magnoliophyta">Magnoliophyta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B1_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="綱 (分類学)">綱</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">: </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%AD%90%E8%91%89%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%B6%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="双子葉植物綱">双子葉植物綱</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnoliopsida" class="extiw" title="w:Magnoliopsida">Magnoliopsida</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%AE_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="目 (分類学)">目</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">: </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%82%AF%E7%9B%AE" title="キク目">キク目</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterales" class="extiw" title="w:Asterales">Asterales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="科 (分類学)">科</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">: </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%82%AF%E7%A7%91" title="キク科">キク科</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteraceae" class="extiw" title="w:Asteraceae">Asteraceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="属 (分類学)">属</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">: </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F%E5%B1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「オオアザミ属」 (存在しないページ)">オオアザミ属</a> <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum" class="extiw" title="w:Silybum">Silybum</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%AE_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="種 (分類学)">種</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">: </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><b>オオアザミ</b> <i>S. marianum</i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%8D" title="学名">学名</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td lang="la" style="text-align:center"><i><span lang="la"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silybum_marianum" class="extiw" title="w:Silybum marianum">Silybum marianum</a></span></i> (<span lang="la"><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8D" title="カール・フォン・リンネ">L.</a></span>) <span lang="la"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC" title="ヨーゼフ・ゲルトナー">Gaertn.</a></span> <small>(<a href="/wiki/1791%E5%B9%B4" title="1791年">1791</a>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-YList_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YList-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%90%8D" title="和名">和名</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">マリアアザミ、オオアザミ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:transparent;background:lightgreen;text-align:center;">英名 </th></tr> <tr> <td lang="en" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_thistle" class="extiw" title="en:Milk thistle">Milk thistle</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>マリアアザミ</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%8D" title="学名">学名</a>: <i><span lang="la">Silybum marianum</span></i>）は<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%82%AF%E7%A7%91" title="キク科">キク科</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F%E5%B1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「オオアザミ属」 (存在しないページ)">オオアザミ属</a>の<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%8D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="二年草">二年草</a>。英名はミルクシスル (<span lang="en">Milk thistle</span>) 。原産地は<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91" title="ヨーロッパ">ヨーロッパ</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="地中海盆地">地中海沿岸</a>）。日本には<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E6%B0%B8" title="嘉永">嘉永</a>年間に渡来し、西日本などに点在して<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B0%E5%8C%96%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="帰化植物">帰化植物</a>として分布している<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E5%92%8C%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="標準和名">標準和名</a>は<b>オオアザミ</b>（大薊）<sup id="cite_ref-YList_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YList-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。マリアアザミはその別名で<sup id="cite_ref-YList_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YList-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%AF%8D%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="聖母マリア">聖母マリア</a>に<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3" title="乳">ミルク</a>を捧げる娘がトゲに触れ、驚いてこぼしたミルクが葉を白くしたという伝説による<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E" title="中国語">中国名</a>は、水飛薊<sup id="cite_ref-YList_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YList-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="特徴"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E5.BE.B4"></span>特徴</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: 特徴"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>二年草<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%8E" title="茎">茎</a>は高さ60 - 150<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB" title="センチメートル">センチメートル</a> (cm) ほどになり、無毛またはやや毛がある<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E7%94%9F%E8%91%89" class="mw-redirect" title="根生葉">根生葉</a>が地表に広がって、大きな株になる<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。根生葉の長さは40 cm、幅13 cmに達し、短い柄がつく<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。中部以上の<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%89" title="葉">葉</a>には柄がなく茎を抱き、根生葉とともに縁には長いトゲがある<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%89%E8%84%88" title="葉脈">葉脈</a>に沿って白いまだら模様があるのが特徴<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>花期は夏<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。茎の頂部に<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%AD%E8%8A%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="頭花">頭花</a>を1個つける<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%8F%E8%8B%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="総苞">総苞</a>は幅5 - 7 cmあり、総苞片は幅1.5 cmにもなり縁にトゲが多くつく<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%92%E7%8A%B6%E8%8A%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="筒状花">筒状花</a>は紅紫色から淡紅色で、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%A1%E7%94%9F%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「両生花」 (存在しないページ)">両生花</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E7%B3%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="花糸">花糸</a>の下部が合着して筒になるのは本種の特徴である<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%BA%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="花床">花床</a>には毛状の鱗片が多い<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>花後にできる<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E5%AE%9F" title="果実">果実</a>は黒褐色で長さ6 - 7<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB" title="ミリメートル">ミリメートル</a> (mm) 、無毛で滑らかである<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A0%E6%AF%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="冠毛">冠毛</a>は長さ1.5 cmで脱落しやすい<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E5%AD%90" title="種子">種子</a>には<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AA%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="シリマリン">シリマリン</a> (Silymarin) と呼ばれる4種の<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9C%E3%83%8E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%8A%E3%83%B3" title="フラボノリグナン">フラボノリグナン</a>類が多く含まれ、傷ついた<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E" title="肝細胞">肝細胞</a>の修復を助けるとされている。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="医療用途"><span id=".E5.8C.BB.E7.99.82.E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span>医療用途</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: 医療用途"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="rellink" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding-left: 2em; font-size: 90%;" role="note">→「<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AA%E3%83%93%E3%83%8B%E3%83%B3" title="シリビニン">シリビニン</a>」も参照</div> <p>成分シリマリンは、主な活性成分<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AA%E3%83%93%E3%83%8B%E3%83%B3" title="シリビニン">シリビニン</a>を含む。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91" title="ヨーロッパ">ヨーロッパ</a>では2000年以上も前から、主に<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%87%93" title="肝臓">肝臓</a>の疾患などに対して種子が利用されてきた。近年では肝機能改善のための<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="サプリメント">サプリメント</a>として利用されている。<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84" title="ドイツ">ドイツ</a>のコミッションE（ドイツの薬用植物の評価委員会）は、粗抽出物の消化不良に対する使用、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E5%8C%96#その他の用法" title="標準化">標準化</a>製品の<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="慢性肝炎">慢性肝炎</a>と<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%A1%AC%E5%A4%89" title="肝硬変">肝硬変</a>への使用を承認している。米国ハーブ協会の分類はクラス1で、適切に使用される場合、安全に摂取することができる<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%96" title="ハーブ">ハーブ</a>に分類されている。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E8%A3%9C%E5%AE%8C%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC" title="アメリカ国立補完統合衛生センター">アメリカ国立補完統合衛生センター</a>による2012年の臨床試験では、一般的治療が効果を示さない慢性<a href="/wiki/C%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="C型肝炎">C型肝炎</a>患者について、<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%BD%E8%96%AC" title="偽薬">偽薬</a>を上回る効果は確認できないとしている<sup id="cite_ref-nccih_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nccih-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 脚注"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-YList-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-YList_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YList_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YList_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YList_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">米倉浩司・梶田忠 (2003-). “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ylist.info/ylist_detail_display.php?pass=1098">Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.　オオアザミ（標準）</a>”. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ylist.info/">BG Plants 和名−学名インデックス（YList）</a></i>. <span title="">2024年7月21日</span>閲覧。</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE長田武正197618_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF長田武正1976">長田武正 1976</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nccih-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nccih_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r101121245">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:var(--color-success,#3a3);margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nccih.nih.gov/health/milkthistle/ataglance.htm">Herbs at a Glance - Milk Thistle</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E8%A3%9C%E5%AE%8C%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC" title="アメリカ国立補完統合衛生センター">アメリカ国立補完統合衛生センター</a>. July 2012. D285。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Herbs+at+a+Glance+-+Milk+Thistle&rft.pub=%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E8%A3%9C%E5%AE%8C%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC&rft.date=2012-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnccih.nih.gov%2Fhealth%2Fmilkthistle%2Fataglance.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fja.wikipedia.org%3A%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F&action=edit&section=4" title="節を編集: 参考文献"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="citation book" id="CITEREF長田武正1976">長田武正『原色日本帰化植物図鑑』<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E8%82%B2%E7%A4%BE" title="保育社">保育社</a>、1976年6月1日。<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r101121245"><a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/4-586-30053-1" title="特別:文献資料/4-586-30053-1">4-586-30053-1</a>。</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E5%8E%9F%E8%89%B2%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%B0%E5%8C%96%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%B3%E9%91%91&rft.aulast=%E9%95%B7%E7%94%B0%E6%AD%A6%E6%AD%A3&rft.au=%E9%95%B7%E7%94%B0%E6%AD%A6%E6%AD%A3&rft.date=1976-06-01&rft.pub=%5B%5B%E4%BF%9D%E8%82%B2%E7%A4%BE%5D%5D&rft.isbn=4-586-30053-1&rfr_id=info:sid/ja.wikipedia.org:%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部リンク"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E3.83.AA.E3.83.B3.E3.82.AF"></span>外部リンク</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B6%E3%83%9F&action=edit&section=5" title="節を編集: 外部リンク"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nibiohn.go.jp/eiken/info/hf2.html">オオアザミ（マリアアザミ、オオヒレアザミ、ミルクシスル）</a> - 素材情報データベース＜有効性情報＞（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E3%83%BB%E6%A0%84%E9%A4%8A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="国立健康・栄養研究所">国立健康・栄養研究所</a>）</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r94202605">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox noprint" style="width:22em;"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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