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class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_presence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_presence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Religious presence</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religious_presence-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Religious presence subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religious_presence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Christianity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christianity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Christianity</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freedom_of_religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedom_of_religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Freedom of religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freedom_of_religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div 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0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:91.775462568398px 39.714789063478px 0 0; border-top-color:Orange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Orange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:88.523131133246px 46.515107807746px 0 0; border-top-color:Lightblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Lightblue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 631.37515146751px 100px 0; border-right-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in Costa Rica (University of Costa Rica, 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-ciep_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Purple; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> (47.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Lightblue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">Evangelical</a> or Pentecostal (19.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Orange; color:black;"> </span> traditional <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> (1.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Blue; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Mormon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon">Mormon</a> (0.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Honeydew; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witness" class="mw-redirect" title="Jehovah's Witness">Jehovah's Witness</a> (1.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Grey; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">No religion</a> (27.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (0.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Black; color:white;"> </span> Other (2.7%)</div> </div> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_de_los_Angeles_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Basilica_de_los_Angeles_2007.jpg/220px-Basilica_de_los_Angeles_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Basilica_de_los_Angeles_2007.jpg/330px-Basilica_de_los_Angeles_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Basilica_de_los_Angeles_2007.jpg/440px-Basilica_de_los_Angeles_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">Basilica of Our Lady of the Angels</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cartago,_Costa_Rica" title="Cartago, Costa Rica">Cartago</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> is the predominant <b>religion in <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></b>, with Catholicism being its largest denomination. Catholicism is also the <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">state religion</a>, but the government generally upholds people's <a href="/wiki/Religious_freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious freedom">religious freedom</a> in practice. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Established_religion">Established religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Established religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Article_75_of_the_Constitution_of_Costa_Rica" title="Article 75 of the Constitution of Costa Rica">Article 75 of the Constitution of Costa Rica</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> is the official <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">state religion</a> and is entitled to state support according to the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Costa_Rica" title="Constitution of Costa Rica">1949 Constitution</a>, which at the same time guarantees <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">freedom of religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the only state in the <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a> with a state religion and one of the few Western countries which established Catholicism as its state religion; other such countries are microstates in Europe: <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>. </p><p>The Constitution also forbids in its 28 article the use of religious feelings for electoral purposes, prohibition also contemplated in the Electoral Code.<sup id="cite_ref-usembassy_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usembassy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In theory, religious-based parties are banned since <a href="/wiki/1889_Costa_Rican_general_election" title="1889 Costa Rican general election">1889</a> (precisely as a way to ban the then Church-endorsed <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Union_(Costa_Rica)" title="Catholic Union (Costa Rica)">Catholic Union party</a>), however in practice <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Christian">Evangelical</a> parties do exists, with its base mostly extracted from and directed toward the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Pentecostalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Pentecostalism">neo-Pentecostal community</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tribunal_Supremo_de_Elecciones_de_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica">Supreme Electoral Tribunal</a> has ruled that their existence is allowed as long as they do not use religion directly in their propaganda (which is what the Constitution forbids), however this provision has not always been fulfill and the TSE has sanction certain campaigns for the use of religion in them.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Constitution also limits the possibility for members of the clergy to be elected, as some of the requirements to be <a href="/wiki/President_of_Costa_Rica" title="President of Costa Rica">President</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Costa_Rica" title="Vice President of Costa Rica">Vice-President</a>, Minister or <a href="/wiki/Justice_(official)" class="mw-redirect" title="Justice (official)">Justice</a> is to be a layperson. Recent rulings from the Constitutional Court established that, as only the Catholic Church is official and the other religions are not regulated by it or the law, this prohibition applies only to Catholic priests, thus the clergy from other religions like Protestant pastors, <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox priest">Orthodox priests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rabbis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabbis">rabbis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_monks" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist monks">Buddhist monks</a>, etc., in theory, can be candidates to these offices. </p><p>There is no law regulating religious bodies in Costa Rica.<sup id="cite_ref-stategov_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stategov-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Electoral code reinforces the constitutional prohibition of using religious propaganda and the Labor Code establishes the right from non-Catholics to have their respective religious holidays exchange from one of the <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Costa_Rica" title="Public holidays in Costa Rica">national holidays</a> and/or their vacations, which the employer has to comply.<sup id="cite_ref-stategov_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stategov-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is no specific legislation that regulates religions. The Associations’ Law establishes the existence of "religious association" and some religions register as such, but this status has no notable difference from any other form of Association, and many religions also prefer the “cultural association” registry.<sup id="cite_ref-stategov_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stategov-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Being registered as a religion does not provide any special responsibility nor any legal advantage and is not mandatory for private or public practice as far as other laws are not broken. Only the Catholic Church can be <a href="/wiki/Tax_exempt" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax exempt">tax exempt</a>, only the Catholic Church can receive state funds and property transferrals and only its marriages are legal without the need of a lawyer. Most religions register as association (whether cultural or religious) to be legally capable of hiring personal and own properties, however this is not mandatory and small religious groups like small <a href="/wiki/Neo-Pagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Pagan">neo-Pagan</a> covens or <a href="/wiki/New_religious_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="New religious movements">new religious movements</a> do not register at all and are allowed to practice as far as they do not disrupt public order or general legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-stategov_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stategov-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently a bill endorsed by the Evangelical parties in the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Costa_Rica" title="Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica">Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica</a> named "Freedom of Religion and Cult Act" is under discussion in one of the committees.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill expects to regulate religions and give non-Catholic churches (but excluding non-Christian religions) certain rights and privileges that the Catholic Church enjoys including performing legal marriages and receive state funds. However the bill has opposition both from the Catholic Church and the more secular and non-religious population although for different reasons, the Episcopal Conference fear it will affect the Catholic Church,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whilst secularists advocate for an absolute secular state with no official religion at all. The bill has also been criticized for excluding the non-Christian religions and being tailor-made for the Evangelical Churches.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Costa_Rica" title="Demographics of Costa Rica">Demographics of Costa Rica</a></div> <p>According to CID-Gallup surveys, in 2003 around 68% was Catholic, 17% was Protestants, 12% irreligious and 3% other religions. In November 2012, there weren't any significant changes in religious affiliation, with the new demographics being 63% Catholic, 24% Protestant, 10% irreligious and other remain at 3% of population. Christian population growth from 85 to 87% in 2000´s decade. Other surveys found gradual changes on religious affiliation after 2012. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Latinobar%C3%B3metro" title="Latinobarómetro">Latinobarómetro</a> survey of 2017 found that 57% of the population identify themselves as <a href="/wiki/Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholics">Catholics</a>, 25% are <a href="/wiki/Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestants">Protestants</a>, 15% report that they <a href="/wiki/Nonreligious" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonreligious">do not have a religion</a>, and 3% declare that they belong to another religion.<sup id="cite_ref-EL_PAPA_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EL_PAPA-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-latbar_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latbar-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A March 2018 survey by the Center for Investigations and Political Studies of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Costa_Rica" title="University of Costa Rica">University of Costa Rica</a> estimated that 52% of ticos were Catholic (72.8% in 2013), 22% Protestant (14.8% in 2013), 3.0% other religion (3.6% in 2013) and 17% had no religious affiliation (8.4% in 2013).<sup id="cite_ref-Murillo2019_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murillo2019-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2021 poll by the University of Costa Rica noted a reduction in both Catholic and Evangelical practice reducing both to 47 and 19% respectively, with non-religious increasing from 17 to 27%.<sup id="cite_ref-ciep_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditional Protestants, Mormons, Jehovah's Witness and Muslims appear for the first time in polls with 1, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1% respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-ciep_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to statistical studies done by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Costa_Rica" title="University of Costa Rica">University of Costa Rica</a>, among those over 55 Catholicism is more prominent, with 65% of this population considering themselves Catholic, followed by 19% evangelical and only 7% is without religion, among adults of 34 to 54 years Catholicism falls to 53%, while <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> rises to 24% and <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">irreligion</a> to 14%, and finally among young people aged 18 to 34 is where the number of irreligious is more prominent, being 27% and even surpassing the evangelicals that pass to 22% and the Catholics are reduced to 42%.<sup id="cite_ref-ciep_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By sex, the Catholic population is equal between men and women in 52%, 26% of women are evangelical compared to 19% of men and conversely 19% of men left religion in front of 14% of women.<sup id="cite_ref-ciep_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In terms of studies, 54% of the population with only complete <a href="/wiki/Primary_education" title="Primary education">primary education</a> is Catholic, 26% Protestant and 11% without creed, 44% of those with complete <a href="/wiki/Secondary_education" title="Secondary education">secondary education</a> are Catholic, followed by 23% evangelicals and 21% atheists/agnostics. Of those who have university studies 59% are Catholic, 22% agnostic/atheist and only 12% evangelical, so although Catholics are the majority in all academic degrees, evangelicals are more among those who have basic education and the irreligious among those who have higher education.<sup id="cite_ref-ciep_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_and_political_positions">Social and political positions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Social and political positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 2013-2014 study using focus groups divided in six stages; Practicing Catholics, <a href="/wiki/Lapsed_Catholic" title="Lapsed Catholic">non-Practicing Catholics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irreligious" class="mw-redirect" title="Irreligious">Irreligious</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainline Protestants">Historical Protestants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neo-Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Pentecostal">Neo-Pentecostal</a> and "Others" (which included representatives from <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a>, three branches of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> –<a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zen_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Zen Buddhism">Zen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nichiren_Buddhism" title="Nichiren Buddhism">Nichiren</a>-, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brahma_Kumaris" title="Brahma Kumaris">Brahma Kumaris</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a>) showed different position regarding moral, political and social issues.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Practicing Catholics, historical Protestants and neo-Pentecostals opposed <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Costa_Rica" title="Abortion in Costa Rica">abortion</a> in almost all circumstances, even in <a href="/wiki/Therapeutic_abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Therapeutic abortion">cases of mother's life danger</a><sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (although Protestants accepted it in such extremes circumstances with medical diagnosis and after praying),<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whilst non-practicing Catholics and Others were more open to different forms of abortion including for therapeutic reasons, pregnancy by rape (particularly in cases involving minors) and no extra uterine life possibility.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only non-religious were mostly in favor of free abortion on women's request.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Practicing Catholics and the two types of Protestants were much more morally and sexually conservative,<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> frowning upon <a href="/wiki/Sex_outside_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex outside marriage">sex outside marriage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Divorce" title="Divorce">divorce</a>. Protestants accepted divorcees but did not allow them to have high ranks in their churches<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whilst Catholics considered divorced couples as "couples under special circumstances".<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Non-practicing Catholics, non-religious and Others express full acceptance of divorcees.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Practicing Catholics were the only group that opposed any kind of non-natural <a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">birth control</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Practicing Catholics, Protestants and Evangelicals questioned the Ministry of Education's <a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">sex education</a> programs fearing it lacked spiritual content and express support for <a href="/wiki/Abstinence-only_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstinence-only education">abstinence-only education</a>, all other groups supported the Ministry's sex education programs.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both practicing Catholics and Protestants (both historic and neo-Pentecostal) consider homosexuality a sin and the product of a mental health problem that can be cured, whilst Irreligious, non-Practicing Catholics and Others were more supportive of LGBTI-rights, oppose discrimination and mostly consider it a natural condition.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All groups except irreligious expressed that the moral values of the candidate are important for their support during elections.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>And finally, practicing Catholics, historical Protestants and neo-Pentecostals opposed <a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">laicism</a> and reforming the Constitution to be a <a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">secular state</a> supporting the Catholic Church as <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">state religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the fact that neo-Pentecostals are not part of the state religion, they saw <a href="/wiki/Confessionalism_(politics)" title="Confessionalism (politics)">confessionalism</a> as a protection against secularism which they consider a previous step before <a href="/wiki/State_atheism" title="State atheism">state atheism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historical Protestants were less wary of laicism but prefer an official religion, however they express that Christianity should be the state religion and not Catholicism.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Non-practicing Catholics, non-religious people and all the religious minorities express they support of the secular state.<sup id="cite_ref-fuentes_13-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Costa_Rica" title="History of Costa Rica">History of Costa Rica</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Talamancan_mythology" title="Talamancan mythology">Talamancan mythology</a></div><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MNCR_21_-Jardin_exterior_con_esfera_f02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/MNCR_21_-Jardin_exterior_con_esfera_f02.jpg/200px-MNCR_21_-Jardin_exterior_con_esfera_f02.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/MNCR_21_-Jardin_exterior_con_esfera_f02.jpg/300px-MNCR_21_-Jardin_exterior_con_esfera_f02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/MNCR_21_-Jardin_exterior_con_esfera_f02.jpg/400px-MNCR_21_-Jardin_exterior_con_esfera_f02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Sacred <a href="/wiki/Stone_spheres_of_Costa_Rica" title="Stone spheres of Costa Rica">Stone spheres of Costa Rica</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_history_of_Costa_Rica" title="Pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica">Pre-Columbian</a> religions in what is today Costa Rica were mostly <a href="/wiki/Animistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Animistic">animistic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polytheistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Polytheistic">polytheistic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shamanistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Shamanistic">shamanistic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jara_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jara-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Shamans" class="mw-redirect" title="Shamans">Shamans</a> had an important cultural, societal and political role as well as a religious one. The main deity of the <a href="/wiki/Bribri_people" title="Bribri people">Bribri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chorotega_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Chorotega people">Chorotega people</a> is <a href="/wiki/Sib%C3%BA" title="Sibú">Sibö</a> (<a href="/wiki/Creator_god" class="mw-redirect" title="Creator god">creator god</a> and <a href="/wiki/Culture_hero" title="Culture hero">culture hero</a>) and as animistic religions they believe in <a href="/wiki/Nature_spirits" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature spirits">nature spirits</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elementals" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementals">elementals</a> alongside a wide pantheon of gods. Shamans and healers are chosen according to the Bribri caste system and came from the same families.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nicoya" title="Kingdom of Nicoya">Nicoyans</a> worshiped a trinity encompassed by the creator god <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tipotani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tipotani (page does not exist)">Tipotani</a>, the solar god <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nembith%C3%ADa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nembithía (page does not exist)">Nembithía</a> and the lunar goddess <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninguitamal%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ninguitamalí (page does not exist)">Ninguitamalí</a>, however later northern influence mostly from the <a href="/wiki/Mexica" title="Mexica">Mexicas</a> made popular the <a href="/wiki/Aztec_deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec deities">Aztec deities</a> and the practice of <a href="/wiki/Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">cannibalistic</a> <a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice_in_pre-Columbian_cultures" title="Human sacrifice in pre-Columbian cultures">human sacrifices</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several animals like the bat, the macaw, the jaguar, the crocodile and the serpent were consider sacred.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During colonial times the Catholic Church in Costa Rica did not have as much power and influence as in other parts of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> as Costa Rica was one of the poorer and more rural provinces, far from its local capital, thus the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_hierarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic hierarchy">Catholic hierarchy</a> had little interest in it. This may have shaped the political and cultural aspects of Costa Rica which may explain phenomenons such as the <a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Liberalism in Costa Rica">liberal hegemony</a> and lack of <a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_conservatism_in_Latin_America" title="Liberalism and conservatism in Latin America">conservative-liberal wars</a> uncommon in <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Central_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of Central America">independence of Central America</a>, Costa Rica temporarily kept the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cadiz_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadiz Constitution">Cadiz Constitution</a> in place, with their articles about religion intact. Costa Rica's first constitution, the <a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Concord" title="Pact of Concord">Pact of Concord</a> established the Catholic religion as the one that "is and always would be" of the land and banned any other religion, except in the case of foreigners who were there for transit or commerce and who could practice their religion freely as far as they do not <a href="/wiki/Proselytize" class="mw-redirect" title="Proselytize">proselytize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1825 <a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Law_of_the_State_of_Costa_Rica" title="Fundamental Law of the State of Costa Rica">Fundamental Law of the State of Costa Rica</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Central_America" title="Federal Republic of Central America">Federal Republic of Central America</a> also established the state religion status of Catholicism but did not explicitly banned the rest.<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was also established as such by the Federal Constitution, however this was reformed in 1835 at federal level granting freedom of religion and making the Central American Federation a <a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">secular state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After leaving the Federal Republic and creating his own dictatorship <a href="/wiki/Braulio_Carrillo" class="mw-redirect" title="Braulio Carrillo">Braulio Carrillo</a> signs the <a href="/wiki/Decree_of_Basis_and_Guarantees" title="Decree of Basis and Guarantees">Decree of Basis and Guarantees</a> which works as a de facto constitution, and makes no mention of religion.<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the next Constitution of 1844 after Honduran General <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n" title="Francisco Morazán">Francisco Morazán</a> took over the country and deposes Carrillo the Catholic church is declared <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">state religion</a> while granting religious freedom,<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> status kept in all following constitutions. </p><p>However, Costa Rica's religious landscape was very uniform. Many Costa Rican settlers were newly converted or <a href="/wiki/Crypto-jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Crypto-jewish">crypto-Jewish</a> <a href="/wiki/Sephardi_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi Jews">Sephardi Jews</a> escaping Spain's <a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a> and <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Jews_from_Spain" title="Expulsion of Jews from Spain">expulsions</a>, and some kept their practices secret. However, aside from secret Sephardim, some freethinkers of the liberal elite, and the indigenous religions kept in some isolated mountain and jungle areas like Talamanca, most Costa Ricans were Catholics.<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The foundation of <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry_in_Costa_Rica" title="Freemasonry in Costa Rica">Freemasonry in Costa Rica</a> in 1865 and the development of the liberal ideas that developed into the so-called <a href="/wiki/Liberal_State" title="Liberal State">Liberal State</a> ruled by liberal groups like <a href="/wiki/The_Olympus" class="mw-redirect" title="The Olympus">The Olympus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Martinez1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martinez1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> started to cause clashes with the Catholic Church. Secularizing measures such as the expulsion of the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a> and Bishop <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Thiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Thiel (page does not exist)">Bernard Thiel</a>, the secularization of education and cemeteries, the closure of the Church-run Santo Tomas University, abolition of <a href="/wiki/Religious_orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious orders">religious orders</a>, legalization of <a href="/wiki/Divorce" title="Divorce">divorce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civil_marriage" title="Civil marriage">civil marriage</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-duarte_19-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> etc., almost caused a civil war with the Catholic Church, however this was avoided thanks to the election of <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zeled%C3%B3n" title="José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón">José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón</a> and is celebrated as Costa Rica's Democracy Day. Costa Rica's first <a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_in_Costa_Rica" title="Theosophical Society in Costa Rica">Theosophical Society</a> is founded in 1902 by painter <a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano" title="Tomás Povedano">Tomás Povedano</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> turning popular among the intellectual elites and earning some important prestige. President <a href="/wiki/Julio_Acosta_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Julio Acosta García">Julio Acosta</a> was a theosophist. </p><p>During late 19th and early 20th century, the religious diversity was increased by successive migratory waves of <a href="/wiki/Polish_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Jews">Polish Jews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maronite" class="mw-redirect" title="Maronite">Maronite</a> <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_diaspora" title="Lebanese diaspora">Lebanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese-Costa_Rican" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese-Costa Rican">Chinese</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Buddhists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> <a href="/wiki/Jamaicans" title="Jamaicans">Jamaicans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The migration of <a href="/wiki/Americans_in_Costa_Rica" title="Americans in Costa Rica">American</a>, German, Swiss and British settlers brought large Lutheran communities.<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the early 20th century, the country was officially closed to non-White immigration as a presidential decree from president <a href="/wiki/Ascensi%C3%B3n_Esquivel_Ibarra" title="Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra">Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra</a> of 1903 banned any immigration from <a href="/wiki/Asians" class="mw-redirect" title="Asians">Asians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Blacks">Blacks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gypsies" class="mw-redirect" title="Gypsies">Gypsies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This prohibition was lifted and successive migrations from Muslim, Hindu and Buddhist populations increased Costa Rica's religious diversity.<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Polish_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Jews">Polish Jews</a>, almost all <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazi">Ashkenazi</a>, joint the already existent Sepharadim community but both communities kept themselves separate and, save some exception, did not mixed.<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polish Jews suffered from <a href="/wiki/Anti-Semitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Semitic">anti-Semitic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xenophobic" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenophobic">xenophobic</a> campaigns, especially in the press during their first migratory waves, especially at the hands of well known anti-Semitic presidents like <a href="/wiki/Otilio_Ulate_Blanco" title="Otilio Ulate Blanco">Otilio Ulate Blanco</a> (who slandered Jews on his newspaper) and <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_Cort%C3%A9s_Castro" title="León Cortés Castro">León Cortés Castro</a> who was sympathetic toward <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</a> and even named Max Effinger as migration director, who was the leader of the local <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party/Foreign_Organization" title="Nazi Party/Foreign Organization">Nazi Party/Foreign Organization</a> chapter.<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The breaking of the status quo of the to that point monolithic <a href="/wiki/Liberal_State" title="Liberal State">Liberal State</a> started with the resurgence of the first left-wing workers’ organization, many of them inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">Catholic social teaching</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Charpentier_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charpentier-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Costa Rica's first left-wing party, the <a href="/wiki/Reformist_Party_(Costa_Rica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformist Party (Costa Rica)">Reformist Party</a> was founded by priest <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Volio_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Jorge Volio Jiménez">Jorge Volio</a>. Costa Rica's first <a href="/wiki/Labor_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor union">labor union</a> the <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rican_Confederation_of_Workers" title="Costa Rican Confederation of Workers">Costa Rican Confederation of Workers</a> "Rerum Novarum" was also Catholic and <a href="/wiki/Christian_socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian socialist">Christian socialist</a> ideas influenced future president <a href="/wiki/Rafael_%C3%81ngel_Calder%C3%B3n_Guardia" title="Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia">Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia</a> while he studied medicine in Belgium. Calderón in alliance with the Catholic Church (which included the taking back of many secularist laws including the authorization to form private religious schools)<sup id="cite_ref-Charpentier_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charpentier-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Costa Rica">Communist Party of Costa Rica</a> lead the social reformation known as the <a href="/wiki/Social_Guarantees" title="Social Guarantees">Social Guarantees</a> and the new <a href="/wiki/Reform_State" title="Reform State">Reform State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Charpentier_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charpentier-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Calderón Guardia administration in 1940 was more friendly toward Jews, especially after the war declaration on the <a href="/wiki/Axis_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis Powers">Axis Powers</a>, nevertheless this also included the persecution of Germans, <a href="/wiki/Italian_Costa_Ricans" title="Italian Costa Ricans">Italians</a> and Japanese in Costa Rica who turn massively into the anti-<a href="/wiki/Calderonista" class="mw-redirect" title="Calderonista">Calderonista</a> opposition. Calderon's successor <a href="/wiki/Teodoro_Picado_Michalski" title="Teodoro Picado Michalski">Teodoro Picado Michalski</a> (1944–1948) took back most of the anti-Semitic legislation and was also friendly toward the Jewish community, particularly because he was the son of a Polish immigrant.<sup id="cite_ref-lowell_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lowell-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rican_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Costa Rican civil war">1948 civil war</a> with the victory of Ulate Blanco's supporters, the San José synagogue was attacked, as Jews were seen as pro-Calderón, however war caudillo <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Figueres_Ferrer" title="José Figueres Ferrer">José Figueres Ferrer</a> (himself an agnostic) promised not to tolerate any anti-Jewish actions.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During Figueres’ government the <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation" title="Racial segregation">racial segregation</a> that affected Blacks and Asians who could not vote, hold certain jobs, or get out of certain areas, was abolished thanks, among other things, to the "Curling Law" named after its author and also first <a href="/wiki/Afro-Costa_Ricans" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Costa Ricans">Black Costa Rican</a> deputy <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Curling_Delisser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alex Curling Delisser (page does not exist)">Alex Curling Delisser</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Curling_Delisser" class="extiw" title="es:Alex Curling Delisser">es</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Unicef_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unicef-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Costa Rican religious diversity also expanded during late 20th and early 21st century with the arrival of alternative and <a href="/wiki/New_religious_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="New religious movements">new religious movements</a> which included the <a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness">Hare Krishna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neo-Druidism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Druidism">Neo-Druidism</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%81satr%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ásatrú">Ásatrú</a> faiths.<sup id="cite_ref-alianza_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alianza-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-baha_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baha-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 21st century, the first groups of <a href="/wiki/Luciferian" class="mw-redirect" title="Luciferian">Luciferian</a> set in the country with public activities and conferences including the Greater Church of Lucifer.<sup id="cite_ref-Luciferismo_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luciferismo-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2018_Costa_Rican_general_election" title="2018 Costa Rican general election">2018 Costa Rican general election</a> put the subject of religion in a presidential campaign for the first time since 1889. After the ruling of the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Human_Rights_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-American Human Rights Court">Inter-American Human Rights Court</a> mandating the legalization of <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_Costa_Rica" title="Same-sex marriage in Costa Rica">same-sex marriage in Costa Rica</a>, neo-Pentecostal candidate <a href="/wiki/Fabricio_Alvarado" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabricio Alvarado">Fabricio Alvarado</a> (who called for disobeying the ruling) became a frontrunner in polls for the first time for a non-Catholic candidate, as a backlash from conservative voters against the ruling, causing at the same time that progressive and liberal voters supported young moderate Catholic <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Alvarado_Quesada" title="Carlos Alvarado Quesada">Carlos Alvarado Quesada</a> who supported <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Church-state_separation" class="mw-redirect" title="Church-state separation">Church-state separation</a> and other secularizing measures. Among other controversial subjects like "<a href="/wiki/Gender_ideology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender ideology">gender ideology</a>", <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a>, and even <a href="/wiki/Anti-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Catholic">anti-Catholic</a> statements made by Fabricio Alvarado's pastor and mentor, the election was won in the second round by Carlos Alvarado. The election was often described as a "religious shock".<sup id="cite_ref-sem_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sem-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_presence">Religious presence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Religious presence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christianity">Christianity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Costa_Rica" title="Catholic Church in Costa Rica">Catholic Church in Costa Rica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Protestantism in Costa Rica">Protestantism in Costa Rica</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iglesia_Metodista_de_Alajuela.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Iglesia_Metodista_de_Alajuela.jpg/300px-Iglesia_Metodista_de_Alajuela.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Iglesia_Metodista_de_Alajuela.jpg/450px-Iglesia_Metodista_de_Alajuela.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Iglesia_Metodista_de_Alajuela.jpg/600px-Iglesia_Metodista_de_Alajuela.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Methodist Church in Alajuela.</figcaption></figure> <p>While the Catholic church is still the largest church body, the <a href="/wiki/Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestants">Protestants</a> are growing,<sup id="cite_ref-irf2017_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irf2017-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2017 representing 15% of the population. Most Protestants are <a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a> with smaller numbers of <a href="/wiki/Lutherans" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutherans">Lutherans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> (Mormons) claims 50,000 members.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has a <a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_Costa_Rica_Temple" title="San José Costa Rica Temple">temple in San Jose</a> that serves as a regional worship center for Costa Rica, Panama, Nicaragua, and Honduras.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a> escaping compulsory draft from the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> founded a colony in <a href="/wiki/Monteverde,_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Monteverde, Costa Rica">Monteverde</a> in 1950,<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a> founded a community in <a href="/wiki/San_Carlos_(canton)" title="San Carlos (canton)">San Carlos</a> in 1968<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church">Lutheran Church</a> was founded in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-ILCR_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ILCR-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a> was brought by both British and Black Jamaicans and it has some 12,000 followers mostly in <a href="/wiki/Lim%C3%B3n_Province" title="Limón Province">Limón Province</a>, however, its see is the Good Shepherd Church in San José.<sup id="cite_ref-González_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-González-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> led by Orthodox priest Georgy Kaplanov located in the <a href="/wiki/Vazquez_de_Coronado_Canton" class="mw-redirect" title="Vazquez de Coronado Canton">Vazquez de Coronado Canton</a> for the small Orthodox community working not only for the <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russian community</a> but also for other Orthodox including <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although they represent less than 1 percent of the population, <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a> have a strong presence on the Caribbean coast.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the past, the <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventists" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventh-day Adventists">Seventh-day Adventists</a> have operated a university that attracts students from throughout the Caribbean Basin and the <a href="/wiki/Unification_Church" title="Unification Church">Unification Church</a> has maintained its continental headquarters for Latin America in San Jose.<sup id="cite_ref-report1_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-religious">Non-religious</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Non-religious"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>People without religious affiliation have also grown substantially in Costa Rican society; in 2011 people who declared themselves <a href="/wiki/Atheists" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheists">atheists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agnostics" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostics">agnostics</a> or "<a href="/wiki/Non-religious" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-religious">without religion</a>" represented about 13% of the total population, 2% and 11% respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-sin_religion_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sin_religion-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017 the number rose to 18% approximately plus 2% that are "undeclared". The study of the School of Mathematics of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Costa_Rica" title="University of Costa Rica">University of Costa Rica</a> estimated that in 1988 only 3.5% of Costa Ricans had no affiliation (including atheists and agnostics), however, that figure has grown slowly but steadily since then. One of its organizations is the Costa Rican Association of Secular Humanists who filed a lawsuit in 2009 within the Supreme Electoral Tribunal for the political belligerence of then Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Francisco_Ulloa" title="José Francisco Ulloa">José Francisco Ulloa</a> for his homily of September 2009, which urged not to vote for candidates who "deny to God and defend principles that go against life, against marriage and against the family", to which the Court in May 2010 ruled in favor of the plaintiffs finding that the bishop contravened Article 28 of the Constitution ordering him to abstain on electoral issues.<sup id="cite_ref-stategov_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stategov-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also organized groups of <a href="/wiki/Pastafarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastafarians">pastafarians</a> in Costa Rica.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buddhism">Buddhism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Buddhism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Buddhism in Costa Rica">Buddhism in Costa Rica</a></div> <p>Buddhism is the largest non-Christian religion with around 100,000 members, mostly amongst the Asian community, but with some converts.<sup id="cite_ref-buddhistchannel.tv_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buddhistchannel.tv-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UNED_albergó_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNED_albergó-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buddhism entered the country for the first time thanks to the <a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a> spreading Buddhist ideas among the intellectual elite.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhism</a> was brought into the country by Chinese migrants alongside <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of them converted to Catholicism but reports of Buddhist practices among the Chinese community in early 20th century exists.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first main Buddhist organization was the Zen House of Costa Rica, based in <a href="/wiki/Zen_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Zen Buddhism">Zen Buddhism</a> and funded by the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese government">Japanese government</a> in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Located in <a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo_(canton),_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Santo Domingo (canton), Costa Rica">Santo Domingo de Heredia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a> was first introduced by the Tibetan-Costa Rican Cultural Center founded soon after the first visit of the <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This center belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Gelug_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Gelug school">Gelug lineage</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a>. In 2010 a <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Way_Buddhism" title="Diamond Way Buddhism">Diamond Way Buddhism</a> center (of the <a href="/wiki/Kagyu" title="Kagyu">Kagyu</a> tradition of <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a>) was founded in San Jose,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed by another one in <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_(canton)" title="San Mateo (canton)">San Mateo, Orotina</a> in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently all four <a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Schools of Tibetan Buddhism">traditional Tibetan schools</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bon_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Bon religion">Bon</a> have centers in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are also <a href="/wiki/Theravada" title="Theravada">Theravada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaolin_Monastery" title="Shaolin Monastery">Shao Lin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soka_Gakkai" title="Soka Gakkai">Soka Gakkai</a><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> centers.<sup id="cite_ref-budismo_47-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budismo-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Costa-Rica-Buddhism.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Buddhist-Costa Rican flags"><img alt="Buddhist-Costa Rican flags" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Costa-Rica-Buddhism.jpg/120px-Costa-Rica-Buddhism.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Costa-Rica-Buddhism.jpg/180px-Costa-Rica-Buddhism.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Costa-Rica-Buddhism.jpg/240px-Costa-Rica-Buddhism.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Buddhist-Costa Rican flags</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tibetan_Buddhist_altar_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tibetan Buddhist altar in Costa Rica"><img alt="Tibetan Buddhist altar in Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tibetan_Buddhist_altar_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/120px-Tibetan_Buddhist_altar_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tibetan_Buddhist_altar_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/180px-Tibetan_Buddhist_altar_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tibetan_Buddhist_altar_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/240px-Tibetan_Buddhist_altar_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tibetan Buddhist altar in Costa Rica</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bon_altar_of_Jim%C3%A9nez_Navarro_family_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bon family in Costa Rica"><img alt="Bon family in Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Bon_altar_of_Jim%C3%A9nez_Navarro_family_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/120px-Bon_altar_of_Jim%C3%A9nez_Navarro_family_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Bon_altar_of_Jim%C3%A9nez_Navarro_family_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/180px-Bon_altar_of_Jim%C3%A9nez_Navarro_family_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Bon_altar_of_Jim%C3%A9nez_Navarro_family_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/240px-Bon_altar_of_Jim%C3%A9nez_Navarro_family_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1226" data-file-height="816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bon family in Costa Rica</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tibetan_yoga_practices_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Buddhist practitioners in Costa Rica"><img alt="Buddhist practitioners in Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Tibetan_yoga_practices_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/90px-Tibetan_yoga_practices_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Tibetan_yoga_practices_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/135px-Tibetan_yoga_practices_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Tibetan_yoga_practices_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/180px-Tibetan_yoga_practices_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="1032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Buddhist practitioners in Costa Rica</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tibetan_yoga_retirement_with_master_Alejandro_Chaoul_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spiritual retreat in Costa Rica"><img alt="Spiritual retreat in Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Tibetan_yoga_retirement_with_master_Alejandro_Chaoul_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/120px-Tibetan_yoga_retirement_with_master_Alejandro_Chaoul_in_Costa_Rica.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Tibetan_yoga_retirement_with_master_Alejandro_Chaoul_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/180px-Tibetan_yoga_retirement_with_master_Alejandro_Chaoul_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Tibetan_yoga_retirement_with_master_Alejandro_Chaoul_in_Costa_Rica.jpg/240px-Tibetan_yoga_retirement_with_master_Alejandro_Chaoul_in_Costa_Rica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1032" data-file-height="774" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_retreat" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual retreat">Spiritual retreat</a> in Costa Rica</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lama_Kalsang_and_Oscar_Jim%C3%A9nez_in_the_Oros%C3%AD_River,_Costa_Rica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tibetan lama alongside local practitioner in the Orosi River"><img alt="Tibetan lama alongside local practitioner in the Orosi River" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Lama_Kalsang_and_Oscar_Jim%C3%A9nez_in_the_Oros%C3%AD_River%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg/67px-Lama_Kalsang_and_Oscar_Jim%C3%A9nez_in_the_Oros%C3%AD_River%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg" decoding="async" width="67" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Lama_Kalsang_and_Oscar_Jim%C3%A9nez_in_the_Oros%C3%AD_River%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg/101px-Lama_Kalsang_and_Oscar_Jim%C3%A9nez_in_the_Oros%C3%AD_River%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Lama_Kalsang_and_Oscar_Jim%C3%A9nez_in_the_Oros%C3%AD_River%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg/135px-Lama_Kalsang_and_Oscar_Jim%C3%A9nez_in_the_Oros%C3%AD_River%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="1032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tibetan lama alongside local practitioner in the <a href="/wiki/Orosi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Orosi River">Orosi River</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Costa_Rican_Diamond_Way_Buddhism_Practitioners.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diamond Way Buddhism practitioners posing in front of an altar"><img alt="Diamond Way Buddhism practitioners posing in front of an altar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Costa_Rican_Diamond_Way_Buddhism_Practitioners.jpg/120px-Costa_Rican_Diamond_Way_Buddhism_Practitioners.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Costa_Rican_Diamond_Way_Buddhism_Practitioners.jpg/180px-Costa_Rican_Diamond_Way_Buddhism_Practitioners.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Costa_Rican_Diamond_Way_Buddhism_Practitioners.jpg/240px-Costa_Rican_Diamond_Way_Buddhism_Practitioners.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diamond Way Buddhism practitioners posing in front of an altar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Diamond_Way_Buddism_Altar_in_San_Jose,_Costa_Rica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diamond Way Buddhism altar in San Jose, Costa Rica"><img alt="Diamond Way Buddhism altar in San Jose, Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Diamond_Way_Buddism_Altar_in_San_Jose%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg/120px-Diamond_Way_Buddism_Altar_in_San_Jose%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Diamond_Way_Buddism_Altar_in_San_Jose%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg/180px-Diamond_Way_Buddism_Altar_in_San_Jose%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Diamond_Way_Buddism_Altar_in_San_Jose%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg/240px-Diamond_Way_Buddism_Altar_in_San_Jose%2C_Costa_Rica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="956" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diamond Way Buddhism altar in San Jose, Costa Rica</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judaism">Judaism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Costa_Rica" title="History of the Jews in Costa Rica">History of the Jews in Costa Rica</a></div> <p>It is estimated that were between 2300 and 3500 <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> in the country in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ticotimes_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ticotimes-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jewish people have an important cultural and social input, and many ministers, deputies, and three Vice Presidents have been Jewish.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most Costa Rican Jews are <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a>, with the Zionist Israelite Center located in <a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica" title="San José, Costa Rica">San José city</a> as their main synagogue, presided over by <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbi" title="Chief Rabbi">Chief Rabbi</a> of Costa Rica Gershon Miletzki, the B'nei Israel synagogue of <a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform Judaism</a> located near <a href="/wiki/La_Sabana_Metropolitan_Park" title="La Sabana Metropolitan Park">La Sabana, San José</a> led by rabbis Rami Pavolotzky and Daniela Szuster (married couple) officiates for the Reform community,<sup id="cite_ref-reformista1_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reformista1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reformista2_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reformista2-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there is also a Keshet Holistic Studies Institute affiliated to the Walking Stick Foundation led by rabbis Gershon Winkler and Miriam Maron, and an <a href="/wiki/Ultra-Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra-Orthodox">ultra-Orthodox</a> <a href="/wiki/Chabad_Lubavitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Chabad Lubavitch">Chabad Lubavitch</a> synagogue led by rabbi Hersch Spaltzer. The community also has a museum, a <a href="/wiki/B%27nai_B%27rith" title="B'nai B'rith">B'nai B'rith</a> lodge and a private school, the Jaim Weizman Institute.<sup id="cite_ref-lowell_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lowell-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Costa_Rica" title="Islam in Costa Rica">Islam in Costa Rica</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mezquita_de_Omar,_Costa_Rica_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Mezquita_de_Omar%2C_Costa_Rica_%28cropped%29.png/220px-Mezquita_de_Omar%2C_Costa_Rica_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Mezquita_de_Omar%2C_Costa_Rica_%28cropped%29.png/330px-Mezquita_de_Omar%2C_Costa_Rica_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Mezquita_de_Omar%2C_Costa_Rica_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>Omar Mosque in Costa Rica</figcaption></figure> <p>The number of Costa Rican Muslims is of around 1500 people, mostly <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Muslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni Muslims">Sunni Muslims</a> and some 100 are converts.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-islam2_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-islam2-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are three mosques in Costa Rica; the Mosque of Omar located in the <a href="/wiki/Goicoechea_Canton" class="mw-redirect" title="Goicoechea Canton">Goicoechea Canton</a> which also acts as the Muslim Cultural Center founded in 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Light and Faith Mosque located in downtown San José near the Central Market (also Sunni), and the Sahar Islamic Center in La Sabana which acts as the Shiite Mosque (previously <a href="/wiki/Shiites" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiites">Shiites</a> gathered in a private home or assisted the Sunni mosque).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiya_Muslim_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmadiya Muslim Community">Ahmadiya Muslims</a> also have a center in Costa Rica.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Muslim Cultural Center is presided by <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian-born</a> medic Abdul Sasa and its <a href="/wiki/Sheikh" title="Sheikh">sheikh</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian people">Egyptian-born</a> Omar Abdel Aziz.<sup id="cite_ref-islam2_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-islam2-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism">Hinduism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hinduism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although there are <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Hinduism">Orthodox Hindus</a> among the <a href="/wiki/Indian_diaspora" title="Indian diaspora">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_East_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="South East Asian">South East Asian</a> migrant community,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including a Hindu Temple in <a href="/wiki/Monteverde,_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Monteverde, Costa Rica">Monteverde</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> most Costa Ricans (particularly those converts) belong to the <a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness">Hare Krishna</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are three Hare Krishna centers in Costa Rica: the Nueva Goloka Vrindavan located in a <a href="/wiki/Cartago_Province" title="Cartago Province">Cartago</a> farm founded in 1986 which split from <a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness">ISKCON</a>, the <a href="/wiki/ISKCON" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON">ISKCON</a> center in San José, and the <a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Math" title="Gaudiya Math">Gaudiya Math</a> center also in San José. </p><p>The first community made by ISKCON devotees was found in Cartago in 1986; however, internal fighting that even brought media coverage caused the group to split with the ISKCON-related faction founding a new temple in San José.<sup id="cite_ref-hare_krishna_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hare_krishna-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gaudiya Math group never had relations with ISCKON and rents the first floor of the Theosophical Society's building. There is also a <a href="/wiki/Brahma_Kumaris" title="Brahma Kumaris">Brahma Kumaris</a> temple<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba_movement" title="Sathya Sai Baba movement">Sathya Sai Baba movement</a> centers.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives" title="Association of Religion Data Archives">ARDA</a>, there were approximately 440 (0.01%) <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> in Costa Rica in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neo-Paganism">Neo-Paganism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Neo-Paganism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The number of <a href="/wiki/Neo-Pagans" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Pagans">Neo-Pagans</a> is calculated at around 2000 individuals. Neo-Pagan groups organized several annual festival and cultural activities.<sup id="cite_ref-qcr_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qcr-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most popular traditions are <a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%81satr%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ásatrú">Ásatrú</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-qcr_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qcr-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other religious communities in the country include: <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼís</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-baha_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baha-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jains" class="mw-redirect" title="Jains">Jains</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Luciferians" class="mw-redirect" title="Luciferians">Luciferians</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Luciferismo_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luciferismo-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rastafarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Rastafarians">Rastafarians</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sikhs" title="Sikhs">Sikhs</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Taoists" class="mw-redirect" title="Taoists">Taoists</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-tai_chi_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tai_chi-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Tenrikyo" title="Tenrikyo">Tenrikyo</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a> also has a presence in Costa Rica.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While there is no general correlation between religion and ethnicity, indigenous people are more likely to practice <a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">animism</a> than other religions.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Freedom_of_religion">Freedom of religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Freedom of religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Article_75_of_the_Constitution_of_Costa_Rica" title="Article 75 of the Constitution of Costa Rica">Article 75 of the Costa Rican Constitution</a> states that the "Catholic, Apostolic, and Roman Religion is the official religion of the Republic."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same article provides for <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">freedom of religion</a>, and the government generally respects this right in practice.<sup id="cite_ref-:us-report_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:us-report-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Religious groups with at least ten members may register with the government in order to be able to raise funds and own property. There is no penalty for not being registered, other than a lack of access to these privileges.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Religious marriage ceremonies other than those conducted by the Catholic Church are not recognized by the government. Couples married through such ceremonies must also obtain a <a href="/wiki/Civil_union" title="Civil union">civil union</a> from a public notary in order to have their marriage legally recognized.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The government provides funding to private religious schools regardless of religion.<sup id="cite_ref-US2022_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, the country was scored 4 out of 4 for religious freedom.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Costa_Rica" title="Catholic Church in Costa Rica">Catholic Church in Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Protestantism in Costa Rica">Protestantism in Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Buddhism in Costa Rica">Buddhism in Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Costa_Rica" title="Islam in Costa Rica">Islam in Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Costa_Rica" title="Demographics of Costa Rica">Demographics of Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Latin_America" title="Religion in Latin America">Religion in Latin America</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prolades.com/costarica/ides/cri-rel.pdf">Directorio de Grupos Religiosos en Costa Rica</a> (Revised 4 September 2000)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ciep-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ciep_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ciep_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output 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Semanario Universidad<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=TSE+ordena+a+Iglesias+cat%C3%B3lica+y+evang%C3%A9lica+abstenerse+de+inducir+el+voto+de+sus+feligreses&rft.date=2018-01-24&rft.aulast=Astorga&rft.aufirst=Luc%C3%ADa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nacion.com%2Fel-pais%2Fpolitica%2Ftse-ordena-a-iglesias-catolica-y-evangelica%2FVQTSM3RH3FEJRIVEVVGC6IP6VE%2Fstory%2F%3Frel%3Dnone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stategov-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stategov_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stategov_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stategov_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stategov_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stategov_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGobierno_de_los_Estados_Unidos_de_América" class="citation news cs1">Gobierno de los Estados Unidos de América. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/163961.pdf">"Costa Rica"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>State.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Delfino&rft.atitle=Ley+para+la+Libertad+Religiosa+y+de+Culto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdelfino.cr%2Fasamblea%2Fproyecto%2F21012%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarín2014" class="citation news cs1">Marín, Luis (11 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laprensalibre.cr/Noticias/detalle/1654-proyecto-de-ley-excluye-a-la-iglesia-catolica">"Proyecto de Ley excluye a la Iglesia Católica"</a>. La Prensa Libre<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Proyecto+de+Ley+excluye+a+la+Iglesia+Cat%C3%B3lica&rft.date=2014-09-11&rft.aulast=Mar%C3%ADn&rft.aufirst=Luis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laprensalibre.cr%2FNoticias%2Fdetalle%2F1654-proyecto-de-ley-excluye-a-la-iglesia-catolica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCórdoba2018" class="citation news cs1">Córdoba, Edvan (26 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://delfino.cr/2018/05/pastores-del-poder-estado-pinata-religiosa-convertir-ideario-religioso-negocio-ley/">"Pastores del Poder: El Estado como piñata religiosa o de cómo convertir el ideario religioso en negocio y ley"</a>. <i>Delfino</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Delfino&rft.atitle=Pastores+del+Poder%3A+El+Estado+como+pi%C3%B1ata+religiosa+o+de+c%C3%B3mo+convertir+el+ideario+religioso+en+negocio+y+ley&rft.date=2018-05-26&rft.aulast=C%C3%B3rdoba&rft.aufirst=Edvan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdelfino.cr%2F2018%2F05%2Fpastores-del-poder-estado-pinata-religiosa-convertir-ideario-religioso-negocio-ley%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzález" class="citation news cs1">González, Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://semanariouniversidad.com/opinion/legalicemos-la-discriminacin/">"¿Legalicemos la discriminación?"</a>. <i>Semanario Universidad</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Semanario+Universidad&rft.atitle=%C2%BFLegalicemos+la+discriminaci%C3%B3n%3F&rft.aulast=Gonz%C3%A1lez&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsemanariouniversidad.com%2Fopinion%2Flegalicemos-la-discriminacin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EL_PAPA-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EL_PAPA_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/site/artic/20180112/asocfile/20180112124342/f00006494_religion_chile_america_latina_2017.pdf">"EL PAPA FRANCISCO Y LA RELIGIÓN EN CHILE Y AMÉRICA LATINA"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EL+PAPA+FRANCISCO+Y+LA+RELIGI%C3%93N+EN+CHILE+Y+AM%C3%89RICA+LATINA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cooperativa.cl%2Fnoticias%2Fsite%2Fartic%2F20180112%2Fasocfile%2F20180112124342%2Ff00006494_religion_chile_america_latina_2017.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-latbar-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-latbar_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/site/artic/20180112/asocfile/20180112124342/f00006494_religion_chile_america_latina_2017.pdf">"Latinobarómetro 1995 - 2017: El Papa Francisco y la Religión en Chile y América Latina"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Latinobar%C3%B3metro+1995+-+2017%3A+El+Papa+Francisco+y+la+Religi%C3%B3n+en+Chile+y+Am%C3%A9rica+Latina&rft.date=2018-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cooperativa.cl%2Fnoticias%2Fsite%2Fartic%2F20180112%2Fasocfile%2F20180112124342%2Ff00006494_religion_chile_america_latina_2017.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span> Note that Evangélicos in Spanish usually means <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestants</a> and not just <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical Protestants</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murillo2019-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Murillo2019_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurillo2018" class="citation news cs1">Murillo, Alvaro (6 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://semanariouniversidad.com/destacadas/ahora-solo-la-mitad-los-ticos-se-declara-catolica/">"Ahora solo la mitad de los ticos se declara católica"</a>. Semanario Universidad<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ahora+solo+la+mitad+de+los+ticos+se+declara+cat%C3%B3lica&rft.date=2018-03-06&rft.aulast=Murillo&rft.aufirst=Alvaro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsemanariouniversidad.com%2Fdestacadas%2Fahora-solo-la-mitad-los-ticos-se-declara-catolica%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fuentes-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fuentes_13-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFuentes_Belgrave2013–2014" class="citation journal cs1">Fuentes Belgrave, Laura (2013–2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/siwo/article/view/6055/5988">"¿Un menú de creencias a fuego lento?: Acercamiento sociológico a la religión en Costa Rica"</a>. <i>Revistas Universidad Nacional</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revistas+Universidad+Nacional&rft.atitle=%C2%BFUn+men%C3%BA+de+creencias+a+fuego+lento%3F%3A+Acercamiento+sociol%C3%B3gico+a+la+religi%C3%B3n+en+Costa+Rica&rft.date=2013%2F2014&rft.aulast=Fuentes+Belgrave&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.revistas.una.ac.cr%2Findex.php%2Fsiwo%2Farticle%2Fview%2F6055%2F5988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jara-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jara_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJara1997" class="citation book cs1">Jara, CV (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8yS7EbgbuBYC"><i>El lugar del tiempo. Historias y otras tradiciones orales del pueblo bribrí</i></a>. Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio. San José, Costa Rica.: Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789977677385" title="Special:BookSources/9789977677385"><bdi>9789977677385</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+lugar+del+tiempo.+Historias+y+otras+tradiciones+orales+del+pueblo+bribr%C3%AD&rft.place=Ciudad+Universitaria+Rodrigo+Facio.+San+Jos%C3%A9%2C+Costa+Rica.&rft.pub=Editorial+de+la+Universidad+de+Costa+Rica.&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9789977677385&rft.aulast=Jara&rft.aufirst=CV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8yS7EbgbuBYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJara_Murillo2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jara Murillo, Carla Victoria (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8yS7EbgbuBYC"><i>Diccionario de Mitología Bribri</i></a> (in Spanish) (1 ed.). San José, C.R.: EUCR. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9977-67-738-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-9977-67-738-5"><bdi>978-9977-67-738-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diccionario+de+Mitolog%C3%ADa+Bribri&rft.place=San+Jos%C3%A9%2C+C.R.&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=EUCR&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-9977-67-738-5&rft.aulast=Jara+Murillo&rft.aufirst=Carla+Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8yS7EbgbuBYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernández_de_Oviedo1855" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fernández de Oviedo, Gonzalo (1855). José Amador de los Ríos (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AiOgZO9eke8C&q=La+historia+general+de+las+Indias&pg=PA574">"La historia general de las Indias"</a> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Complutense_de_Madrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Complutense de Madrid">Universidad Complutense de Madrid</a>: Imprenta de la Real Academia de la Historia. p. 619<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+historia+general+de+las+Indias&rft.place=Universidad+Complutense+de+Madrid&rft.pages=619&rft.pub=Imprenta+de+la+Real+Academia+de+la+Historia&rft.date=1855&rft.aulast=Fern%C3%A1ndez+de+Oviedo&rft.aufirst=Gonzalo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAiOgZO9eke8C%26q%3DLa%2Bhistoria%2Bgeneral%2Bde%2Blas%2BIndias%26pg%3DPA574&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlos_Gispert2002" class="citation book cs1">Carlos Gispert, ed. (2002). <i>Enciclopedia de Costa Rica</i>. Editorial Océano. pp. 363 páginas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-494-1881-X" title="Special:BookSources/84-494-1881-X"><bdi>84-494-1881-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enciclopedia+de+Costa+Rica&rft.pages=363+p%C3%A1ginas&rft.pub=Editorial+Oc%C3%A9ano&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=84-494-1881-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuirós_Rodríguez1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Quirós Rodríguez, Juan Santiago (1999). Instituto Costarricense de Turismo (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NIwhBxtHfVEC&q=Gran+Nicoya"><i>Diccionario español-chorotega, chorotega-español</i></a> (in Spanish). Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica. p. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789977676692" title="Special:BookSources/9789977676692"><bdi>9789977676692</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diccionario+espa%C3%B1ol-chorotega%2C+chorotega-espa%C3%B1ol&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=Editorial+Universidad+de+Costa+Rica&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9789977676692&rft.aulast=Quir%C3%B3s+Rodr%C3%ADguez&rft.aufirst=Juan+Santiago&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNIwhBxtHfVEC%26q%3DGran%2BNicoya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-duarte-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-duarte_19-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuarte_Cavaría" class="citation web cs1">Duarte Cavaría, Henry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repositorio.uned.ac.cr/reuned/bitstream/120809/1141/1/Libertadculto.pdf">"El Artículo 75 de la Constitución Política a la Luz de los Convenios Internacionales y la Jurisprudencia de la Sala Constitucional"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Art%C3%ADculo+75+de+la+Constituci%C3%B3n+Pol%C3%ADtica+a+la+Luz+de+los+Convenios+Internacionales+y+la+Jurisprudencia+de+la+Sala+Constitucional&rft.aulast=Duarte+Cavar%C3%ADa&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepositorio.uned.ac.cr%2Freuned%2Fbitstream%2F120809%2F1141%2F1%2FLibertadculto.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReligion+in+Costa+Rica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Martinez1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Martinez1_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartínez_Esquivel" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Martínez Esquivel, Ricardo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150621171213/http://historia.fcs.ucr.ac.cr/articulos/2008/especial2008/articulos/06-politica/76.pdf">"Masones y su participación política en Costa Rica (1865-1899)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Diálogos: Revista Electrónica de Historia</i>. 9° Congreso Centroamericano de Historia. 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomhouse.org/country/costa-rica/freedom-world/2022">Freedom House website, retrieved 2023-08-08</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Costa_Rica_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Costa_Rica_topics" title="Template:Costa Rica topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Costa_Rica_topics" title="Template talk:Costa Rica topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Costa_Rica_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Costa Rica topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Costa_Rica_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Costa_Rica%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Costa Rica–related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica" title="San José, Costa Rica">San José</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Costa_Rica" title="History of Costa Rica">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_history_of_Costa_Rica" title="Pre-Columbian history of Costa Rica">Pre-Columbian history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada" title="Viceroyalty of New Granada">New Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Guatemala" title="Captaincy General of Guatemala">Captaincy General <span style="font-size:85%;">(Guatemalan)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America_under_Mexican_rule" title="Central America under Mexican rule">Mexican rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Central_America" title="Federal Republic of Central America">Federal Republic of Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Costa_Rica" title="Free State of Costa Rica">Free State of Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Costa_Rican_Republic" title="First Costa Rican Republic">First Costa Rican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_State" title="Liberal State">Liberal State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rican_Civil_War" title="Costa Rican Civil War">Civil War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1948)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_State" title="Reform State">Reform State</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Costa_Rica" title="Geography of Costa Rica">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_Costa_Rica" title="Conservation in Costa Rica">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Costa_Rica" title="Deforestation in Costa Rica">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Costa_Rica" title="List of earthquakes in Costa Rica">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Costa_Rica" title="List of islands of Costa Rica">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Costa_Rica" title="Category:Mountains of Costa Rica">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Costa_Rica" title="List of national parks of Costa Rica">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Costa_Rica" title="List of rivers of Costa Rica">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Costa_Rica" title="List of volcanoes in Costa Rica">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_resources_management_in_Costa_Rica" title="Water resources management in Costa Rica">Water resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waterfalls_of_Costa_Rica" title="Category:Waterfalls of Costa Rica">Waterfalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Costa_Rica" title="Wildlife of Costa Rica">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Costa_Rica" title="Category:World Heritage Sites in Costa Rica">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Costa_Rica" title="Politics of Costa Rica">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Costa_Rica" title="Administrative divisions of Costa Rica">Administrative divisions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Costa_Rica" title="Provinces of Costa Rica">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Costa_Rica" title="Cantons of Costa Rica">Cantons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Costa_Rica" title="Districts of Costa Rica">Districts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Costa_Rica" title="Elections in Costa Rica">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Costa_Rica" title="Foreign relations of Costa Rica">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Costa_Rica" title="International rankings of Costa Rica">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Costa_Rica" title="Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica">Legislative Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Deputies_of_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Deputies of Costa Rica">Deputies </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Costa_Rican_legislature" title="History of the Costa Rican legislature">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Costa_Rica" title="Human rights in Costa Rica">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Costa_Rica" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Costa Rica">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_in_Costa_Rica" title="List of mayors in Costa Rica">Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Force_of_Costa_Rica" title="Public Force of Costa Rica">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Costa_Rica" title="List of political parties in Costa Rica">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Costa_Rica" title="President of Costa Rica">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Costa_Rica" title="List of presidents of Costa Rica">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_finances_in_Costa_Rica" title="Public finances in Costa Rica">Public finances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Justice_of_Costa_Rica" title="Supreme Court of Justice of Costa Rica">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Costa_Rica" title="List of presidents of the Supreme Court of Costa Rica">Presidents</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Costa_Rica" title="Economy of Costa Rica">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Costa_Rica" title="Agriculture in Costa Rica">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rican_col%C3%B3n" title="Costa Rican colón">Colón <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Costa_Rica" title="Telecommunications in Costa Rica">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Tourism in Costa Rica">Tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecotourism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Ecotourism in Costa Rica">Ecotourism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Costa_Rica" title="Transport in Costa Rica">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Costa_Rica" title="Trade unions in Costa Rica">Unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Costa_Rica" title="Category:Society of Costa Rica">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Costa_Rica" title="Demographics of Costa Rica">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Costa_Rica" title="Education in Costa Rica">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Costa_Rica" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Costa Rica">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Costa_Rica" title="Healthcare in Costa Rica">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Costa_Rica" title="Languages of Costa Rica">Languages</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Costa_Rica" title="Squatting in Costa Rica">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Costa_Rica" title="Water supply and sanitation in Costa Rica">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Costa_Rica" title="Culture of Costa Rica">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Costa_Rica" title="National anthem of Costa Rica">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Costa_Rica" title="Architecture of Costa Rica">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Costa_Rica" title="Cinema of Costa Rica">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Costa_Rica" title="Coat of arms of Costa Rica">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rican_cuisine" title="Costa Rican cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Costa_Rica" title="Flag of Costa Rica">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rican_literature" title="Costa Rican literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mass_media_in_Costa_Rica" title="List of mass media in Costa Rica">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Costa_Rica" title="Music of Costa Rica">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Costa_Rica" title="Public holidays in Costa Rica">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Costa_Rica" title="Category:Sport in Costa Rica">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Costa_Rica" title="Outline of Costa Rica">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Costa_Rica%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Costa Rica–related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Costa_Rica" title="Category:Costa Rica">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Costa_Rica" title="Portal:Costa Rica">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Religion_in_North_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_America_topic" title="Template:North America topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_America_topic" title="Template talk:North America topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_America_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North America topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion_in_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_America" title="Religion in North America">Religion in North America </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Religion in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Bahamas" title="Religion in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Barbados" title="Religion in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belize" title="Religion in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canada" title="Religion in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cuba" title="Religion in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Dominica" title="Religion in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Religion in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_El_Salvador" title="Religion in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guatemala" title="Religion in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Haiti" title="Religion in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Honduras" title="Religion in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Jamaica" title="Religion in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mexico" title="Religion in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nicaragua" title="Religion in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Panama" title="Religion in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Religion in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Anguilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Aruba" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bermuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bonaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Cayman_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Religion in Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Greenland" title="Religion in Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guadeloupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Martinique" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Montserrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in Saint Barthélemy (page does not exist)">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saba_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saba (island)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sint_Eustatius" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sint_Maarten" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Religion in the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="Religion in the United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&oldid=1246379777#Hinduism">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Costa_Rica&oldid=1246379777#Hinduism</a>"</div></div> <div 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