CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134b3ca0a41f8d0',cH: 'zBbvaLaGDXvsxtbRT3BTlL2swrVehiQt9yEwE6G1HPo-1739784034-1.2.1.1-MujbZsEUJNQurA3dORzjNd3qeSS_rfAop5j03DGggAIKWRItqYpxvhlDjm9Gm.SL',cUPMDTk: "\/economic-and-administrative-sciences-conference-in-november-2025-in-singapore?__cf_chl_tk=V0T7u3PO4k2T4T6oz9E9oJAgzpkS2j3vNi28cShw_As-1739784034-1.0.1.1-8XlO1NQfjP5meryGtoXAKuCWTT8mxY6xDxxKfaxOny0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739784034',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/economic-and-administrative-sciences-conference-in-november-2025-in-singapore?__cf_chl_f_tk=V0T7u3PO4k2T4T6oz9E9oJAgzpkS2j3vNi28cShw_As-1739784034-1.0.1.1-8XlO1NQfjP5meryGtoXAKuCWTT8mxY6xDxxKfaxOny0",md: "C4qSzJazWUrWnkrvCOprBPfgd40J976Kt04mW4u0fzI-1739784034-1.2.1.1-WcL0myBBfcEQsvG_EbidMnZ_b2NOmMj80DE1kA3gBIlZzoN.rYyWU7IBiYO6.pGPeOgaCsDnLW0mCsqwcoqB07cHojk4XNl52femr4Lomd_4wblVr0_jCdzDvudWK77nsIPezAk3enMhN2wNqD5hgHVoHd0Ga1HWU7o4V0uspiscPWpouOmtK0PHF4pZcNYnnMtYaC0FfDCkK2Ss_JNXyHU2ACghPXtj_wX1kPozg4jYrx_sC4_U6.xsIkYTCPNjmD3inRQmo9hySBr2KaHzq1TQrC2lmbxu8umDLCfhgn1RaW96gfSqxDERsaK.fwOAkDumkMJLiRIDhuIsKrKYo7sz6DljsiZApMb2l5B4XLakvJNWSGCNbG0.gdaUg.oX3.3B9L33Fv8S7xEh13Vc4aB0wZPvsTDmtTdHB82vB1at5au6rgazVdUOb30gogF9e8MNXC9_4m_kO5rdQsKUFYed.lfAURTXk1qRIM63krMSApZkJ7u8KUVavn_kdOw02c.vBR6E2HmFF3V7nkAM9K1Qo6dppqReIyngHOtnRtLgTHpS2Haxo1wAAuUHzLM99P1lP27B.ZuwDaQFGJWoWIgjM3Vx0MlQoG1dwoSeP9T1Zyu6BqJG_ySyRNSeNljD22WB85zduIA_Ayfgh0TStgnD4CEmG_b8cXwS_34aIIghu_SDxsQ1Pa_iMUkVQzjq.Z7ZnWoIxyJJHMxCoWo__Kw_wmaFg1UaU_X2fMM656eIpIzIuqnetzcp.8cvlm1X6vshva_J5PyYp_9Dar.1Zcmoc8sgIfR8Im9Rk5VZ1nt3sLy0T5AXe1Sa2qFeHt2DVTRXIWl3CbL8TQIsEF6kqlEv_AQI3NQHK99O4cL9R8_rRtsxeS2_mJMRQ8JjVKo_7oxnc2eKNsisi67zlLAcf8LJLkKV2ms4xEIxbrpxKgOHD698Mh5TQlkYi6TL6wHpOBgGODexnzch6j5zAPerlc5ASOMq21ngFu6a.3iIWX8WCC26wJHF7I.0kE5VeVnMgvupdWclLI6fwU7qC1rZvyyqTJL1s_ZRsYJzhjDawVv4k09muuAnz3cJgx_wZWmKfkYd.PevmId3Ov3EeBEYE2O3so4IwADz.3WEqt22v2vvt3WWPt0Hr1nM32C7iYS9YHQ.oVcPdr0BicI4lLN0YTpsr5vj869n76VOH_AmGHkmQP4F3pDkKaDoaq6YCq.6bNvOS6mrIRiZ0Gzt_9_JFmMTjvFlQ4AlKtl7JXn_sFoZwT7VA6yJQgQ5ZYe.0xwmTJbk7A5SZFQlzK_DkPKD9OJj8L17xeo7kzoFJVcdN93oka_mBRypzfsJ7VHbxRnNV5.p7TxgDaH6mho.nu0N7_FJrb9ohrvyg8eiUrYptpa1cgsqFkvfsN1opfzyJjkeZLOHjSdUDb5EBy024W.e3oBKx82EizRhEtw4cgIMWwhj.Y5EoGdvPPGKUioTr1GTvp1qh7IaOM.cEYTPP23HJaLXb77mozLmiZi3Kbih112vGnn5neRU_iIqvwKdpa2noznz5sg9D5b0p3YmE8ybSRxV5UWUYn9BOC0gpAP2voJuixwyWzx7KZPerrushbJ5J5RL63OzNVkMtzaQ6sLGkfxa_mH7YDFY.3nu.ju9kTxev.uNa6lurtymVW61LsyLuIvDP5WTVbXHOhequWub2TN1bD99GER7Alylvy739gweYP1m5fRfDcpzcJIAb7zRNIp6lzcbTgJXL6T_oKTA4NCp6GOiY04_1JtxrSdcLbOgEvXh.IbFbN24BPzZ_nrSSVefVWkMsUqPKC95VdP.8ImHh0N2pgqsVdPGCXJTbme6cGArWQG6ptRn6t1pSHBLL6QYxraE2gZ1j2odLo2HyELPTqXlh2c5o16e.tNYyJLRzNBysnxe9PJ1VzQwr3w9pmkgsweIGzjVaspDBRkMMk8BLtgG3AAiAdpOnkfPPbUrXD9_QicDOz_7mGdJqiJ4gS26238oQtaLlPM_zyNIB5LBP7zVZPOVyRF1_NhXHFXcv4Oi8Q6Np5j_mAmUNQDy",mdrd: "XriXwfWuG41hKvRQOBVKkxBg.iv6PbqwYVXfTEmj5GI-1739784034-1.2.1.1-luaSCAlgY4BuFUo._DRyN.EIo5cLPNzdFFUgF.TMEn4gyzr0XSyQm5QD4TlkB8.rT1UYCRm9bsjcZJ5sCELtA9t3_Mg511yzThOCiqTHWl1eBJPBl5BdDXLQ_xnynOQrX_GSaGrQwY45g5KJtUoWNHHzRcAbkkNgicBKU4WURW7ZPlAb_kqrHpiZNd3Ebm2p0OP1Np1DKFa42.k87AxzEl.crUkkgrPFOpksf7gSsu_jdq0linb7N_9vpYpGccVMkCAvk0sofEh_AmYeI5JtuUK3bWaxPrE5S7elQ3nTRwW6qjuFAk3pBMmAwjSI3CVjcZEumFSc6rCo90QbuMmhhaXLbFiLnjyGoxglreevWU0ytmHYInMmRxGIO1EqTv1i_2y3nD9jwLPHqcP4gnjvyE2qeIYxw8P3crGRha26PgiJBP4HPL7wnwGISZ09w1_bJyouFCHeuktbtTxQ4vBWxIvhBpv9QVUgE0ZSYrEXPfJtksaw_B0E7HxRfzCbTYhxNmTikL_2KD5XCHv0NQsqCWbG0hQRSf0L521aSUMkeExw3sXvLNiLizgucDg2NXzT5zdmAIauraoCmsRTaaiOPzVjmcBqP_0o41TZ547V9beYLhRWPCF9jVDDGMoOGsKCdj5WrEuD4K1OkMWnt0u2OzAEz37C4NAKNtyhuRjxjKxQxeNHFMTZMP96uvri6Fs4NHi.ewABXcvbKDwKy5G_772._q3LJjRnbv_sFGwjMAxK17XOJVQVlP.YmpmsK36RZsYYi0nEH59z3mPVPax1LCvKL2dJEP0RSWgiodFLCCriOGv0LgU1NiVI.SRhYdRV1l8kJYAeMU2viFFBuYW9x33iKGsyX8OSpoc4QQIDLu4MqeR66XsaTEjj9aE61Ph2bOTVHVqRUl3Oi4mWgfbYgEDQg0Eb5piPZuU55aOA0tR.CkhofKlqgUFXVoww_VnlSWcR085sf0TGXcqrKSSD12PFxqw2MJunRszFkMFLbPCPupsTJ9xLGPs0mkX2HxrzTyLWJcs7k.ddflhTs7bpzEefBu6Br.il8ZB__08H43SvtcpybddIwXAqAefQc4VBoXgiE7FTV_LMuRKSPiYVLkQLHcfEp6SaEZY2OUwVd_6Lwojg_PTLj4AxzpXUHxaLRufAYP2lOQpAaT1qPg5h85Mhm_XDPaUf8Qd.4YTDMZPzVcOJ4FDAXg.6i6sZGN2auuZecF95Gvchk8PSwbpWfvZxpbCQ.287PbZYlGjHcmxzHsAN.ktyv6w.zk6ttp2b42VmNSqwXakmt1BSxqjJ03XcyofOVHKSoYuTpIJrOSvsyWakoQG7nsS0qiHkyek8yKUNh8gk4S5_V9IbymyzRXGzs49r7DnDy7VgrLLCUdCaoGpRsi3RAvTC.uf0UXT6RbROAccq7DapoggzdjW4_F51p_EdVtyKMx.nozQ23Yks0cXIv6iQEf.Eq3g9_19FJM4SIVPJnWZ91Itb1XjK8Lr_jloCVxv8.I609xTpk462sJxWz96UBZaDU4sS1Nq11edufLefLHhQWfRCNZumIl1yGo6.L1QXNxLUVSdx4Hc.edDWfWxqFyoNh19L0x9yK2N2ajJSJvv6w3eN36GO6WIEURwIcYEWNWzx5mNVE0p0F3fvU4rB6dPkOWk_huTyy8_u51JZhv4SowJ8xxq0e6EspF0ExxMtECQk5734gsEYv8on_yQPMlFREXqz6Qs889a4YQzhyGwxiM_Q3CLVWoIZFVDY4WMRIRDnTgyN9ZUD4T_rTXpP4xa0q9iFNFeTBlvARPbhDAfZ1cnqoe0U.7wkFalTa6yV.iTyVQ6i6b..fpa5136w5yVDAfpA_92NTArfHF3xlPBlooyKJdiqu362Ui3z1xEm4EKbJgV9ntMDkDiOIMNo8aJkyq.aTbsy830x6hNAHuAByDQty..pRrc1qD7CpAEUS.pYnAYBbjftjw9tOi.rP_th.sGTKYaV"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134b3ca0a41f8d0';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/economic-and-administrative-sciences-conference-in-november-2025-in-singapore?__cf_chl_rt_tk=V0T7u3PO4k2T4T6oz9E9oJAgzpkS2j3vNi28cShw_As-1739784034-1.0.1.1-8XlO1NQfjP5meryGtoXAKuCWTT8mxY6xDxxKfaxOny0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>