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中国科学家利用新技术发现新生肝细胞来源—新闻—科学网

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font: 12px 宋体; float: right"> 选择字号:<span onclick="showsize(12)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">小</span> <span onclick="showsize(14)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">中</span> <span onclick="showsize(16)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer"> 大</span> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <div id="content1" style=" padding:15px; text-align: left; line-height: 24px; word-wrap: break-word;word-break:break-all" class="f14"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td height="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" class="style1" style="font-size: 22px; color: #587c19; font-family: 黑体; line-height: 30px"> 中国科学家利用新技术发现新生肝细胞来源</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> </table> <p style="text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/news/images/2021/2/20212251531215120.jpg" style="text-align: center;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> 图中红色信号即是新生的肝细胞,集中在肝小叶的中间区</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 肝脏是人体内重要的代谢器官,主要功能细胞是肝细胞。肝脏一旦受损,需要&ldquo;新生&rdquo;肝细胞才能完成功能修复。因此,肝脏疾病治疗中寻找新生肝细胞的来源是科学家致力解决的问题。近日,中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心(生物化学与细胞生物学研究所)周斌研究组开发了一种可以长时间不间断捕捉细胞增殖的新技术&mdash;&mdash;ProTracer,利用该技术他们发现了成体肝脏中新生肝细胞的来源。2月26日凌晨,相关研究成果发表于《科学》。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 肝脏的基本单位是肝小叶,肝小叶中的肝细胞通过自我增殖产生新的肝细胞。每个肝小叶可以分为多个区域,这些区域中的肝细胞&ldquo;不尽相同&rdquo;,究竟哪一区域的肝细胞具有较强的增殖能力,科学家还未找到准确答案。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 以往有关肝细胞来源的研究均是依赖单个分子标记来追踪肝脏中某一肝细胞亚群,再观察这个亚群的扩增情况。这种方法效率较低,且缺少对整个肝脏所有肝细胞增殖能力的分析,犹如盲人摸象,观察的是事物的局部而非整体。若要准确寻找到新生肝细胞的来源,需要在肝脏整体水平上检测所有肝细胞的增殖情况。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 传统检测细胞增殖的方法就像照相机,只能拍摄一个瞬间,即检测某个时间点的细胞增殖,并且无法对各类细胞的增殖做精准区分。肝细胞增殖速率较为缓慢,而肝脏中其他类型的细胞比如巨噬细胞和内皮细胞发生增殖的速率又相对较快。利用传统方法检测细胞增殖,在某一时间点内能够获取的肝细胞增殖信号非常微少甚至没有,即便有也很容易被其他细胞的增殖信息淹没。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 周斌研究组开发了一种能够捕捉细胞增殖的录像机&mdash;&mdash;ProTracer,既可以在长时间内不间断地追踪细胞增殖,又可以精准定位,追踪某一特定细胞类群(如肝细胞)的细胞增殖,让黑夜中只有被锁定目标的&ldquo;星群&rdquo;发光,而不是在满天繁星中找寻其中的一两颗。在小鼠实验中,他们利用这项技术,给增殖的肝细胞打上&ldquo;唯一标记&rdquo;,经过长达数周至数月的&ldquo;密切&rdquo;追踪,最终发现成体肝脏中新生肝细胞主要来源于肝小叶中间区域的肝细胞。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> &ldquo;这项研究通过全新的视角和技术手段,直观展现了所有肝细胞类群的增殖情况,揭示了成体肝脏在生理稳态和损伤再生过程中肝细胞的来源,为肝脏损伤修复再生研究开辟了新思路,为肝脏疾病的治疗提供了新的理论基础。&rdquo;周斌告诉《中国科学报》,新开发的ProTracer技术具有长时间不间断检测细胞增殖的能力,可以特异性地标记某种特定细胞谱系的细胞增殖,并且实现了不牺牲样品直接活体检测细胞增殖,从多个维度提高了细胞增殖检测的能力和范围,可以广泛应用于不同组织器官细胞增殖的检测,为发育生物学、肿瘤学、神经科学和再生医学等众多领域的研究提供强大技术支撑。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 据悉,该工作得到了国内外权威专家的高度评价。瑞典卡罗林斯卡医学院教授<span style="text-indent: 2em;">Emma R. Anderssion针对该项工作在《科学》发表了题为&ldquo;In the zone for liver proliferation(肝增殖的最佳区域)&rdquo;的亮点专评文章,评价该工作&ldquo;开发了非常有趣新颖的追踪细胞增殖的新技术&mdash;&mdash;ProTracer,揭示了肝脏在生理稳态和不同损伤状态下肝细胞的来源&rdquo;,并赞许了ProTracer技术的应用前景,认为&ldquo;ProTracer提供了连续不断地追踪成年期较长时间(数月)内成年细胞增殖的可能性,从而能够鉴定出各种器官中增殖速率较慢的细胞和稀有干细胞,有可能揭示出以前未知的干细胞群&rdquo;。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 来自国家肝癌科学中心的中国工程院院士<span style="text-indent: 2em;">王红阳</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;">评价该工作&ldquo;另辟蹊径,利用新技术直观地、无偏见地寻找到新生肝细胞的来源,为肝再生的机制探索和肝脏疾病的临床研究提供了新思路、新技术,为转化应用研究奠定了扎实基础&rdquo;。她认为&ldquo;ProTracer技术具有广泛的实用性,可以拓展到人体多种组织器官中有关细胞增殖、起源等的研究&rdquo; 。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 周斌研究组的副研究员何灵娟博士(现就职于西湖大学)、博士后蒲文娟、博士研究生刘秀秀为该论文共同第一作者,周斌为该论文通讯作者。该工作获得了瑞士诺华医学生物研究所教授<span style="text-indent: 2em;">Jan S. Tchorz、南京医科大学</span>教授<span style="text-indent: 2em;">季勇、瑞典阿斯利康 Qing-Dong Wang博士和上海南方模式生物公司孙瑞林博士及其团队的大力支持。该工作也得到分子细胞科学卓越创新中心动物平台和和细胞分析技术平台的大力支持,并得到来自</span><font class="frd" style="text-indent: 2em;"><font class="frd"><font class="frd"><font class="frd"><font class="frd">中科院</font></font></font></font></font><span style="text-indent: 2em;">、基金委、科技部以及上海市科委等部门的经费支持。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 相关论文信息:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc4346</p> <div> &nbsp;</div> <div class="bq" style="text-indent:0em;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;border:solid 1px #333 ;padding:10px; "> 版权声明:凡本网注明&ldquo;来源:中国科学报、科学网、科学新闻杂志&rdquo;的所有作品,网站转载,请在正文上方注明来源和作者,且不得对内容作实质性改动;微信公众号、头条号等新媒体平台,转载请联系授权。邮箱:shouquan@stimes.cn。</div> <div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #bfc89d; vertical-align: bottom; width: 100%; height: 20px"> </div> <div style="width: 100%; height: 20px; text-align: center; margin:10px"> <!-- JiaThis Button BEGIN --> <script src="/html/js/share.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <!-- JiaThis Button END --> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <div style="line-height: 10px; 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