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<li id="toc-Project_Phoenix" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Project_Phoenix"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Project Phoenix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Project_Phoenix-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Use</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Use-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Use subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Example" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Example"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Example</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Example-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-License" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#License"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>License</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-License-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applications_developed_with_wxPython" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applications_developed_with_wxPython"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Applications developed with wxPython</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applications_developed_with_wxPython-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%86" title="وكس بايثون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وكس بايثون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%A8_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95)" title="ডব্লিউএক্সপাইথন (পাইথন ফ্রেমওয়ার্ক) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ডব্লিউএক্সপাইথন (পাইথন ফ্রেমওয়ার্ক)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%BA" title="ഡബ്ല്യഎക്സ് പൈത്തൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡബ്ല്യഎക്സ് പൈത്തൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" title="WxPython – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="WxPython" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxPython" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Python wrapper for wxWidgets</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WxPython-logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/WxPython-logo.png/210px-WxPython-logo.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/WxPython-logo.png/315px-WxPython-logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/WxPython-logo.png/420px-WxPython-logo.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="344" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Robin Dunn<br />Harri Pasanen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">1998<span class="noprint">; 27 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1998</span>)</span></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">4.2.2<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> / September 11, 2024<span class="noprint">; 5 months ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-09-11</span>)</span></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/wxWidgets/Phoenix/">github<wbr />.com<wbr />/wxWidgets<wbr />/Phoenix<wbr />/</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284522#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> / <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">Cross-platform</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/WxWidgets#License" title="WxWidgets">wxWindows License</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wxpython.org/">wxpython<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>wxPython</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Wrapper_library" title="Wrapper library">wrapper</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">cross-platform</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUI</a> <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">API</a> (often referred to as a "<a href="/wiki/Toolkit" class="mw-redirect" title="Toolkit">toolkit</a>") <a href="/wiki/WxWidgets" title="WxWidgets">wxWidgets</a> (which is written in <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>) for the <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python programming language</a>. It is one of the alternatives to <a href="/wiki/Tkinter" title="Tkinter">Tkinter</a>. It is implemented as a Python extension module (<a href="/wiki/Native_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Native code">native code</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1995, Robin Dunn needed a <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUI</a> application to be deployed on <a href="/wiki/HP-UX" title="HP-UX">HP-UX</a> systems but also run <a href="/wiki/Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">Windows 3.1</a> within short time frame. He needed a <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">cross-platform</a> solution. While evaluating free and commercial solutions, he ran across <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> bindings on the wxWidgets toolkit <a href="/wiki/Web_page" title="Web page">webpage</a> (known as wxWindows at the time). This was Dunn's introduction to Python. Together with Harri Pasanen and Edward Zimmerman he <a href="/wiki/Software_Developer" class="mw-redirect" title="Software Developer">developed</a> those initial bindings into wxPython 0.2.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1998, version 0.3 of wxPython was released. It was built for wxWidgets 2.0 and ran on Win32, with a wxGTK version in the works.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first versions of the wrapper were created by hand. However, the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">code</a> became difficult to maintain and keep synchronized with wxWidgets releases. By 1997, versions were created with <a href="/wiki/SWIG" title="SWIG">SWIG</a>, greatly decreasing the amount of work to update the wrapper.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Project_Phoenix">Project Phoenix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Project Phoenix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2010, the Project Phoenix began; an effort to clean up the wxPython <a href="/wiki/Implementation" title="Implementation">implementation</a> and in the process make it compatible with Python 3.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project is a new implementation of wxPython, focused on improving speed, maintainability and extensibility. Like the previous version of wxPython, it wraps the wxWidgets <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> toolkit and provides access to the <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> portions of the wxWidgets <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the release of 4.0.0a1 wxPython in 2017, the Project Phoenix version became the official version.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wxPython 4.x is the current version being developed as of June 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use">Use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>wxPython enables Python to be used for <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">cross-platform</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUI</a> applications requiring very little, if any, platform-specific code. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Example">Example</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Example"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is a simple "<a href="/wiki/Hello_world_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Hello world program">Hello world</a>" module, depicting the creation of the two main <a href="/wiki/Object_(computer_science)" title="Object (computer science)">objects</a> in wxPython (the main window object and the application object), followed by passing the control to the <a href="/wiki/Event-driven_programming" title="Event-driven programming">event-driven</a> system (by calling <code>MainLoop()</code>) which manages the user-interactive part of the program. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/usr/bin/env python3</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">wx</span> <span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">wx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">App</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Create a new app, don't redirect stdout/stderr to a window.</span> <span class="n">frame</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">wx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Frame</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"Hello World"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># A Frame is a top-level window.</span> <span class="n">frame</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Show</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Show the frame.</span> <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MainLoop</span><span class="p">()</span> </pre></div><p> This is another example of the wxPython Close Button with wxPython GUI display show in Windows 10 operating system.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Close_button_with_wxpython_in_windows_10.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Close_button_with_wxpython_in_windows_10.png/220px-Close_button_with_wxpython_in_windows_10.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Close_button_with_wxpython_in_windows_10.png/330px-Close_button_with_wxpython_in_windows_10.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Close_button_with_wxpython_in_windows_10.png 2x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="238" /></a><figcaption>Close button with wxPython shown on Windows 10</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-python3 mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">wx</span> <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">WxButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Frame</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kw</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">WxButton</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kw</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">InitUI</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">InitUI</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="n">pnl</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">wx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Panel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">closeButton</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">wx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Button</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pnl</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'Close Me'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pos</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="n">closeButton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">EVT_BUTTON</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">OnClose</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SetSize</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">350</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">250</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SetTitle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Close Button'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Centre</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">OnClose</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Close</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">():</span> <span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">wx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">App</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="n">ex</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">WxButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">ex</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Show</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MainLoop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"__main__"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="License">License</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: License"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Being a wrapper, wxPython uses the same <a href="/wiki/Free_software_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Free software license">free software license</a> used by <a href="/wiki/WxWidgets" title="WxWidgets">wxWidgets</a> (<a href="/wiki/WxWidgets#License" title="WxWidgets">wxWindows License</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—which is approved by <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Initiative" title="Open Source Initiative">Open Source Initiative</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications_developed_with_wxPython">Applications developed with wxPython</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Applications developed with wxPython"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandler_(PIM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandler (PIM)">Chandler</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Personal_information_management" title="Personal information management">personal information</a> manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropbox_(service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dropbox (service)">Dropbox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop</a> client for the Dropbox <a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud-based</a> storage<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Editra" title="Editra">Editra</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">multi-platform</a> <a href="/wiki/Text_editor" title="Text editor">text editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Drive" title="Google Drive">Google Drive</a>, desktop client for the Google cloud-based storage system<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRASS_GIS" title="GRASS GIS">GRASS GIS</a>, a free, <a href="/wiki/Open_source" title="Open source">open source</a> <a href="/wiki/Geographic_information_system" title="Geographic information system">geographical information system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tamorphose_(renamer)" title="Métamorphose (renamer)">Métamorphose</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Batch_processing" title="Batch processing">batch</a> renamer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phatch" title="Phatch">Phatch</a>, a photo batch processor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayOnLinux" title="PlayOnLinux">PlayOnLinux</a> and <a href="/wiki/PlayOnMac" title="PlayOnMac">PlayOnMac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wine_(software)" title="Wine (software)">Wine</a> front-ends</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PsychoPy" title="PsychoPy">PsychoPy</a>, experiment creation tool for <a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">neuroscience</a> and <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a> research</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wxpython.org/news/2024-09-11-wxpython-422-release/index.html">"wxPython Changelog"</a>. <i>wxPython</i>. 2024-09-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wxPython&rft.atitle=wxPython+Changelog&rft.date=2024-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wxpython.org%2Fnews%2F2024-09-11-wxpython-422-release%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTeam2017" class="citation web cs1">Team, The wxPython (2017-07-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wxpython.org/pages/history/index.html">"wxPython History"</a>. <i>wxPython</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wxPython&rft.atitle=wxPython+History&rft.date=2017-07-14&rft.aulast=Team&rft.aufirst=The+wxPython&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwxpython.org%2Fpages%2Fhistory%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010312234326/https://groups.yahoo.com/group/python-announce-list/message/95">"Yahoo! Groups : python-announce-list Messages :Message 95 of 1083"</a>. 2001-03-12. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.yahoo.com/group/python-announce-list/message/95">the original</a> on 12 March 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yahoo%21+Groups+%3A+python-announce-list+Messages+%3AMessage+95+of+1083&rft.date=2001-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.yahoo.com%2Fgroup%2Fpython-announce-list%2Fmessage%2F95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.wxpython.org/ProjectPhoenix/ProjectGoals">"Goals of Project Phoenix"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Goals+of+Project+Phoenix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.wxpython.org%2FProjectPhoenix%2FProjectGoals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/wxWidgets/Phoenix/blob/master/README.rst">"Project Phoenix readme file on GitHub"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-01-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GitHub&rft.atitle=Project+Phoenix+readme+file+on+GitHub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FwxWidgets%2FPhoenix%2Fblob%2Fmaster%2FREADME.rst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRobin2017" class="citation web cs1">Robin (2017-04-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wxpython.org/news/wxpython-4.0.0a1-release/index.html">"wxPython 4.0.0a1 Release"</a>. <i>wxPython</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wxPython&rft.atitle=wxPython+4.0.0a1+Release&rft.date=2017-04-16&rft.au=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwxpython.org%2Fnews%2Fwxpython-4.0.0a1-release%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTeam2020" class="citation web cs1">Team, The wxPython (2020-11-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wxpython.org/news/2020-11-21-wxpython-411-release/index.html">"wxPython 4.1.1 Released"</a>. <i>wxPython</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wxPython&rft.atitle=wxPython+4.1.1+Released&rft.date=2020-11-21&rft.aulast=Team&rft.aufirst=The+wxPython&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwxpython.org%2Fnews%2F2020-11-21-wxpython-411-release%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090216025901/http://docs.wxwidgets.org/stable/wx_copyrightnotice.html">"Copyright notice"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Copyright+notice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.wxwidgets.org%2Fstable%2Fwx_copyrightnotice.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://highscalability.com/blog/2011/3/14/6-lessons-from-dropbox-one-million-files-saved-every-15-minu.html">"6 lessons from Dropbox one million files saved every 15 minutes"</a>. 14 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=6+lessons+from+Dropbox+one+million+files+saved+every+15+minutes&rft.date=2011-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhighscalability.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F3%2F14%2F6-lessons-from-dropbox-one-million-files-saved-every-15-minu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.google.com/drive/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=1716931&p=settings_licenses">"Open source components and licenses"</a>. Google Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Open+source+components+and+licenses&rft.pub=Google+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.google.com%2Fdrive%2Fbin%2Fanswer.py%3Fhl%3Den%26answer%3D1716931%26p%3Dsettings_licenses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRappinDunn2006" class="citation book cs1">Rappin, Noel; Dunn, Robin (March 1, 2006). <i>wxPython in Action</i>. Greenwich: <a href="/wiki/Manning_Publications" title="Manning Publications">Manning Publications</a>. p. 552. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-932394-62-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-932394-62-7"><bdi>978-1-932394-62-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=wxPython+in+Action&rft.place=Greenwich&rft.pages=552&rft.pub=Manning+Publications&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.isbn=978-1-932394-62-7&rft.aulast=Rappin&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft.au=Dunn%2C+Robin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrecord2010" class="citation book cs1">Precord, Cody (December 2010). <i>wxPython 2.8 Application Development Cookbook</i>. Greenwich: <a href="/wiki/Packt_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Packt Publishing">Packt Publishing</a>. p. 308. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84951-178-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84951-178-0"><bdi>978-1-84951-178-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=wxPython+2.8+Application+Development+Cookbook&rft.place=Greenwich&rft.pages=308&rft.pub=Packt+Publishing&rft.date=2010-12&rft.isbn=978-1-84951-178-0&rft.aulast=Precord&rft.aufirst=Cody&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWxPython" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WxPython&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">wxPython</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WxPerl" class="mw-redirect" title="WxPerl">wxPerl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WxPHP" title="WxPHP">wxPHP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WxBasic" title="WxBasic">wxBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WxHaskell" title="WxHaskell">wxHaskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLUEscript" class="mw-redirect" title="GLUEscript">GLUEscript</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_widget_toolkits573" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Widget_toolkits" title="Template:Widget toolkits"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Widget_toolkits" title="Template talk:Widget toolkits"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Widget_toolkits" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Widget toolkits"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_widget_toolkits573" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_widget_toolkits" title="List of widget toolkits">List</a> of <a href="/wiki/Widget_toolkit" title="Widget toolkit">widget toolkits</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Low-level platform-specific</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/AmigaOS" title="AmigaOS">AmigaOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intuition_(Amiga)" title="Intuition (Amiga)">Intuition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macintosh_Toolbox" title="Macintosh Toolbox">Macintosh Toolbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_(API)" title="Carbon (API)">Carbon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_API" title="Windows API">Windows API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform" title="Universal Windows Platform">UWP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Runtime" title="Windows Runtime">WinRT</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a>,<br />under <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X11</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xlib" title="Xlib">Xlib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XCB" title="XCB">XCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X_Toolkit_Intrinsics" title="X Toolkit Intrinsics">X Toolkit Intrinsics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/BeOS" title="BeOS">BeOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiku_(operating_system)" title="Haiku (operating system)">Haiku</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BeOS_API" class="mw-redirect" title="BeOS API">BeOS API</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="CLI38" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructure" title="Common Language Infrastructure">CLI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)#Xamarin.Android" title="Mono (software)">Xamarin.Android</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Low Level Cross-platform</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructure" title="Common Language Infrastructure">CLI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenTK" title="OpenTK">OpenTK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GDK" title="GDK">GDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_DirectMedia_Layer" title="Simple DirectMedia Layer">Simple DirectMedia Layer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Java_OpenGL" title="Java OpenGL">JOGL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_Java_Game_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Lightweight Java Game Library">LWJGL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>High-level, platform-specific</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/AmigaOS" title="AmigaOS">AmigaOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BOOPSI" title="BOOPSI">BOOPSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_User_Interface" title="Magic User Interface">MUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReAction_GUI" title="ReAction GUI">ReAction GUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zune_(widget_toolkit)" title="Zune (widget toolkit)">Zune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Object_Pascal" title="Object Pascal">Object Pascal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacApp" title="MacApp">MacApp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Objective-C" title="Objective-C">Objective-C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swift_(programming_language)" title="Swift (programming language)">Swift</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_(API)" title="Cocoa (API)">Cocoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_Touch" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocoa Touch">Cocoa Touch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a></th><td 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Common_Language_Infrastructure" title="Common Language Infrastructure">CLI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Forms" title="Windows Forms">Windows Forms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Application_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Application Markup Language">XAML</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">Windows Presentation Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_UI_Library" title="Windows UI Library">Windows UI Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Silverlight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_XNA" title="Microsoft XNA">Microsoft XNA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library" title="Microsoft Foundation Class Library">MFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_Template_Library" title="Active Template Library">Active Template Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Template_Library" title="Windows Template Library">Windows Template Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Object_Windows_Library" title="Object Windows Library">Object Windows Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Object_Pascal" title="Object Pascal">Object Pascal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Component_Library" title="Visual Component Library">Visual Component Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a>,<br />under <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X11</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/X_Athena_Widgets" title="X Athena Widgets">Athena (Xaw)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LessTif" title="LessTif">LessTif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motif_(software)" title="Motif (software)">Motif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OLIT" title="OLIT">OLIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XForms_(toolkit)" title="XForms (toolkit)">XForms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XView" title="XView">XView</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_software_development#Qt_for_Android" title="Android software development">Qt for Android</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>High-level, cross-platform</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_Foundation_Libraries" title="Enlightenment Foundation Libraries">Enlightenment 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class="mw-redirect" title="OpenGL User Interface Library">OpenGL User Interface Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gtkmm" title="Gtkmm">gtkmm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JUCE" title="JUCE">JUCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qt_(software)" title="Qt (software)">Qt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_Wave_Software" title="Rogue Wave Software">Rogue Wave Views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TnFOX" class="mw-redirect" title="TnFOX">TnFOX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate%2B%2B" title="Ultimate++">U++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wt_(web_toolkit)" title="Wt (web toolkit)">Wt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WxWidgets" title="WxWidgets">wxWidgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_and_Fast_Multimedia_Library" title="Simple and Fast Multimedia Library">Simple and Fast Multimedia Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Objective-C" title="Objective-C">Objective-C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even 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href="/w/index.php?title=XWT_(Mono)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XWT (Mono) (page does not exist)">XWT</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.mono-project.com/docs/gui/#xwt">[1]</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://github.com/mono/xwt">[2]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET#.NET_MAUI" title=".NET">.NET MAUI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MXML" title="MXML">MXML</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Go_(programming_language)" title="Go (programming language)">Go</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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title="JavaFX">JavaFX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qt_Jambi" class="mw-redirect" title="Qt Jambi">Qt Jambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_(Java)" title="Swing (Java)">Swing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Widget_Toolkit" title="Standard Widget Toolkit">Standard Widget Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Toolkit" title="Google Web Toolkit">Google Web Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_User_Interface_Toolkit" title="Lightweight User Interface Toolkit">Lightweight User Interface Toolkit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dojo_Toolkit" title="Dojo Toolkit">Dojo Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echo_(framework)" title="Echo (framework)">Echo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ext_JS" title="Ext JS">Ext 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