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id="toc-P/390" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#P/390"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>P/390</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-P/390-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-S/390_Integrated_Server" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#S/390_Integrated_Server"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>S/390 Integrated Server</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-S/390_Integrated_Server-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fujitsu_PC-based_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fujitsu_PC-based_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Fujitsu PC-based systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fujitsu_PC-based_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-z/Architecture_and_today" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#z/Architecture_and_today"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>z/Architecture and today</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-z/Architecture_and_today-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Timeline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_Personal_Computer_XT/370&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Personal Computer XT/370">IBM Personal Computer XT/370</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of computer system</div> <p>Since the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computer</a> in the 1980s, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> and other vendors have created <b>PC-based IBM mainframe-compatible systems</b> which are compatible with the larger IBM <a href="/wiki/Mainframe_computer" title="Mainframe computer">mainframe computers</a>. For a period of time PC-based mainframe-compatible systems had a lower price and did not require as much electricity or floor space. However, they sacrificed performance and were not as dependable as mainframe-class hardware. These products have been popular with mainframe developers, in education and training settings, for very small companies with non-critical processing, and in certain disaster relief roles (such as field insurance adjustment systems for hurricane relief). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Up until the mid-1990s, mainframes were very large machines that often occupied entire rooms. The rooms were often air conditioned and had special power arrangements to accommodate the <a href="/wiki/Three-phase_electric_power" title="Three-phase electric power">three-phase electric power</a> required by the machines. Modern mainframes are now physically comparatively small and require little or no special building arrangements. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="System/370"><span id="System.2F370"></span>System/370</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: System/370"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IBM had demonstrated use of a mainframe instruction set in their first desktop computer—the <a href="/wiki/IBM_5100" title="IBM 5100">IBM 5100</a>, released in 1975. This product used microcode to execute many of the <a href="/wiki/System/370" class="mw-redirect" title="System/370">System/370</a>'s processor instructions, so that it could run a slightly modified version of IBM's <a href="/wiki/APL_(programming_language)" title="APL (programming language)">APL</a> mainframe program interpreter. </p><p>In 1980 rumors spread of a new IBM personal computer, perhaps a miniaturized version of the 370.<sup id="cite_ref-byte198101_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byte198101-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1981 the <a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer" title="IBM Personal Computer">IBM Personal Computer</a> appeared, but it was not based on the System 370 architecture. However, IBM did use their new PC platform to create combinations with additional hardware that could execute S/370 instructions locally. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_Computer_XT/370"><span id="Personal_Computer_XT.2F370"></span>Personal Computer XT/370</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal Computer XT/370"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 1983, IBM announced the IBM Personal Computer XT/370. This was essentially a three-in-one product. It could run <a href="/wiki/PC_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="PC DOS">PC DOS</a> locally, it could also act as <a href="/wiki/3270" class="mw-redirect" title="3270">3270</a> terminal, and finally—its most important distinguishing feature relative to an <a href="/wiki/IBM_3270_PC" title="IBM 3270 PC">IBM 3270 PC</a>—was that it could execute S/370 instructions locally.<sup id="cite_ref-byte1984fall_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byte1984fall-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_XT370_board_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/IBM_XT370_board_%281%29.jpg/220px-IBM_XT370_board_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/IBM_XT370_board_%281%29.jpg/330px-IBM_XT370_board_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/IBM_XT370_board_%281%29.jpg/440px-IBM_XT370_board_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="1680" /></a><figcaption>IBM XT/370 board and diagnostic diskette</figcaption></figure> <p>The XT/370 was an <a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_XT" title="IBM Personal Computer XT">IBM Personal Computer XT</a> (System Unit 5160) with three custom 8-bit cards. The processor card (370PC-P),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contained two modified <a href="/wiki/Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">Motorola 68000</a> chips (which could emulate most S/370 fixed-point instructions and non-floating-point instructions), and an <a href="/wiki/Intel_8087" title="Intel 8087">Intel 8087 coprocessor </a> modified to emulate the S/370 floating point instructions. The second card (370PC-M), which connected to the first with a unique card back connector contained 512 <a href="/wiki/Kibibyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Kibibyte">KiB</a> of memory. The third card (PC3277-EM), was a 3270 terminal emulator required to download system software from the host mainframe. The XT/370 computer booted into DOS, then ran the <a href="/wiki/VM_(operating_system)" title="VM (operating system)">VM</a>/PC Control Program. The card's memory space added additional system memory, so the first <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002256000000000000♠"></span>256 <a href="/wiki/KiB" class="mw-redirect" title="KiB">KiB</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Motherboard" title="Motherboard">motherboard</a>) memory could be used to move data to the <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002512000000000000♠"></span>512 KiB</span> expansion card. The expansion memory was dual ported, and provided an additional <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002384000000000000♠"></span>384 KiB</span> to the XT Machine bringing the total RAM on the XT side to <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002640000000000000♠"></span>640 KiB</span>. The memory arbitrator could bank switch the second 128 KiB bank on the card to other banks, allowing the XT <a href="/wiki/Intel_8088" title="Intel 8088">Intel 8088</a> processor to address all the RAM on the 370PC-M card.<sup id="cite_ref-Mueller92_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mueller92-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides the <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006332800000000000♠"></span>416 <a href="/wiki/Kilobyte" title="Kilobyte">kB</a></span> of usable RAM for S/370 applications, the XT/370 also supported up to <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7007320000000000000♠"></span>4 <a href="/wiki/Megabyte" title="Megabyte">MB</a></span> of <a href="/wiki/Virtual_memory" title="Virtual memory">virtual memory</a> using the hard drive as its paging device.<sup id="cite_ref-killen1984fall_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-killen1984fall-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IBM claimed the XT/370 reached 0.1 <a href="/wiki/Million_instructions_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Million instructions per second">MIPS</a> (when the data fit in RAM). In 1984, the list price of an XT/370 in its typical configuration was approximately <span style="white-space: nowrap">$12,000</span> so compared favorably with IBM's own mainframes on a $/MIPS basis; for example, an <a href="/wiki/IBM_4341" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM 4341">IBM 4341</a> delivered 1.2 MIPS for <span style="white-space: nowrap">$500,000</span>. While it theoretically reduced demand on customers' mainframes by offloading load onto the smaller computer, as customers purchased more XT/370s they likely increased the overall load on the mainframes, increasing IBM's mainframe sales.<sup id="cite_ref-killen1984fall_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-killen1984fall-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly to the mainframe version of <a href="/wiki/VM/CMS" class="mw-redirect" title="VM/CMS">VM/CMS</a>, the VM/PC also created the illusion of <a href="/wiki/Logical_disk" title="Logical disk">virtual disks</a>, but on the PC version these were maintained as PC DOS files, either on floppy or hard disk. For example, the CMS virtual disk belonging to user FRED at device address 101 was stored as the DOS file FRED.101. The CMS IMPORT and EXPORT commands allowed extraction of files from these virtual drives as well as <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a>/<a href="/wiki/EBCDIC" title="EBCDIC">EBCDIC</a> conversion.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The XT/370 came with an XT-style 83-key keyboard (10 function keys).<sup id="cite_ref-byte1984fall_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-byte1984fall-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newer revisions of the XT/370 dropped the PC3277-EM in favor of the IBM 3278/79 boards. The XT/370 was among the XT systems that could use a second hard drive mounted in the 5161 expansion chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-pc-service-information-manual_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc-service-information-manual-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6–17">: 6–17 </span></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/BYTE" class="mw-redirect" title="BYTE">BYTE</a></i> in 1984 called the XT/370 "a qualified success". The magazine praised IBM for "fitting all of the 370's features into the XT", and hoped for technical improvements that "might result in an even better computer".<sup id="cite_ref-sabine1984fall_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sabine1984fall-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The XT/370 was discontinued in April 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-givesup_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-givesup-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_Computer_AT/370"><span id="Personal_Computer_AT.2F370"></span>Personal Computer AT/370</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal Computer AT/370"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1984, IBM introduced the IBM Personal Computer AT/370<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with similar cards as for the XT/370 and updated software, supporting both larger hard disks and DMA transfers from the 3277 card to the AT/370 Processor card. The system was almost 60% faster than the XT/370.<sup id="cite_ref-Mueller92_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mueller92-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The AT/370 used different, 16-bit interface co-processing cards than the XT, called PC/370-P2 and PC/370-M2. The latter card still had only 512 KB for memory, out of which 480 KB were usable for programs in S/370 mode, while 32 KB were reserved for microcode storage. For the terminal emulation function, the AT/370 came with the same 3278/79 Emulation Adapter as the late-series XT/370. The AT/370 motherboard itself was equipped with 512 KB of RAM.<sup id="cite_ref-pc-service-information-manual_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc-service-information-manual-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 9-26 to 9-28">: 9-26 to 9-28 </span></sup> </p><p>The AT/370 also ran VM/PC, but with PC DOS 3.0 instead of 2.10 that the XT version used.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> VM/PC version 2, launched in November 1985, improved performance by up to 50%; it allowed add-on memory (in addition to the disk) to be used as a <a href="/wiki/Page_cache" title="Page cache">page cache</a> for VM.<sup id="cite_ref-Gallant_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallant-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A November 1985 <i><a href="/wiki/Computerworld" title="Computerworld">Computerworld</a></i> article noted that the machine was "slow selling".<sup id="cite_ref-Gallant_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallant-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The AT/370 was discontinued alongside the XT/370 in April 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-givesup_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-givesup-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IBM_7437_VM/SP_Technical_Workstation"><span id="IBM_7437_VM.2FSP_Technical_Workstation"></span>IBM 7437 VM/SP Technical Workstation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: IBM 7437 VM/SP Technical Workstation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 1988, IBM introduced a System/370 <a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">workstation</a> that had been shipping to some customers since August 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Officially called the IBM 7437 VM/SP Technical Workstation (and later also known as the Personal System/370), it was a freestanding tower that connected to a <a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MCA</a> card installed in a <a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_System/2" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Personal System/2">PS/2</a> <a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_60" title="IBM PS/2 Model 60">Model 60</a>, 70, or 80. The 7437 tower contained the processor and a 16<span class="nowrap"> </span>Mbytes main memory, and the PS/2 provided I/O and disk storage.<sup id="cite_ref-Cain_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cain-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 7437 ran the IBM <a href="/wiki/VM/SP" class="mw-redirect" title="VM/SP">VM/SP</a> operating system, and one IBM representative described the 7437 "like a <a href="/wiki/IBM_9370" title="IBM 9370">9370</a> with a single terminal". It was intended for existing S/370 users and its November 1988 list price was $18,100 for a minimum 25-unit order.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of its intended roles was to provide a single-user S/370-compatible computer that could run <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_design" title="Computer-aided design">computer-aided design</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer-aided_engineering" title="Computer-aided engineering">engineering</a> applications that originated on IBM mainframes such as <a href="/wiki/CADAM" title="CADAM">CADAM</a> and <a href="/wiki/CATIA" title="CATIA">CATIA</a>. Graphics support was provided by an IBM 5080 graphics system, a floor-standing tower. The 5080 was connected to the 7437 through the PS/2 via a cable and MCA adapter.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal/370"><span id="Personal.2F370"></span>Personal/370</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal/370"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Later, IBM introduced the Personal/370 (aka P/370), a single slot 32-bit <a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MCA</a> card that can be added to a <a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_System/2" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Personal System/2">PS/2</a> or <a href="/wiki/RS/6000" class="mw-redirect" title="RS/6000">RS/6000</a> computer to run System/370 OSs (like <a href="/wiki/MUSIC/SP" title="MUSIC/SP">MUSIC/SP</a>, <a href="/wiki/VM_(Operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="VM (Operating system)">VM</a>, <a href="/wiki/VSE_(operating_system)" title="VSE (operating system)">VSE</a>) parallel to <a href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a> (in PS/2) or <a href="/wiki/AIX_operating_system" class="mw-redirect" title="AIX operating system">AIX</a> (in RS/6000) supporting multiple concurrent users. It is a complete implementation of the S/370 Processor including a <a href="/wiki/Floating_point_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Floating point unit">FPU</a> co-processor and 16 MB memory. Management and standard I/O channels are provided via the host OS/hardware. An additional 370 channel card can be added to provide mainframe-specific I/O such as 3270 local control units, 3400/3480 tape drives or 7171 protocol converters. </p><p>Although a single-card product, the P/370 ran three times faster than the 7437, attaining 3.5 MIPS, on par with a low-end <a href="/wiki/IBM_4381" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM 4381">IBM 4381</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Savit1993_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Savit1993-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A subsequent book (by the same author) claims 4.1 MIPS for the P/370.<sup id="cite_ref-PrasadSavit1994_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PrasadSavit1994-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Personal/370 was available as early as November 1989 although on a "special bid basis".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="System/390"><span id="System.2F390"></span>System/390</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: System/390"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1995 IBM introduced a card, the "Enhanced S/390 MicroProcessor Complex", which supported <a href="/wiki/IBM_ESA/390" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ESA/390">IBM ESA/390</a> architecture on a PC-based system.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> IBM's PC-related products evolved to support that as well, employing the card (IBM part number 8640-PB0) in the "IBM PC Server 330 in 1998<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the IBM PC Server 500 models.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="S/390_Processor_Card"><span id="S.2F390_Processor_Card"></span>S/390 Processor Card</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: S/390 Processor Card"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An important goal in the design of the S/390 Processor Card was complete compatibility with existing mainframe operating systems and software. The processor implements all of the ESA/390 and XA instructions which prevents the need for instruction translation. There are three generations of the card: </p> <ul><li>The original S/390 Processor Card incorporated 32MB of dedicated memory, with optional 32MB or 96MB daughter cards, for a combined total of 64MB or 128MB of RAM. The processor was officially rated at 4.5 <a href="/wiki/Million_instructions_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Million instructions per second">MIPS</a>. It was built to plug into a <a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MicroChannel</a> host system.</li> <li>The second version was built for a <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> host system. It included 128 MB of dedicated memory as standard, and was still rated at 4.5 MIPS.</li> <li>The third version, referred to as a P/390E card (for Enhanced), included 256 MB of dedicated memory and was rated at 7 MIPS. It, too, was built for a <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> host system. There was an extremely rare (possibly only ever released as pre-production samples) 1 GB memory version of the P/390E card.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="R/390"><span id="R.2F390"></span>R/390</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: R/390"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>R/390 was the designation used for the expansion card used in an IBM RS/6000 server. The original R/390 featured a 67 or 77 MHz <a href="/wiki/POWER2" title="POWER2">POWER2</a> processor and 32 to 512 MB of RAM, depending on the configuration. The <a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MCA</a> P/390 expansion card can be installed in any <a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MCA</a> RS/6000 system, while the <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> P/390 card can be installed in a number of early <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> RS/6000s; all such configurations are referred to as an R/390. R/390 servers need to run AIX version 4 as the host operating system. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_P390_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/IBM_P390_%281%29.jpg/220px-IBM_P390_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/IBM_P390_%281%29.jpg/330px-IBM_P390_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/IBM_P390_%281%29.jpg/440px-IBM_P390_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>IBM PC Server 500. This server can contain a P/390 board.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="P/390"><span id="P.2F390"></span>P/390</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: P/390"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>P/390 was the designation used for the expansion card used in an <a href="/wiki/IBM_PC_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PC Server">IBM PC Server</a> and was less expensive than the R/390. The original P/390 server was housed in an IBM PC Server 500 and featured a 90 MHz <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> <a href="/wiki/Pentium_(original)" title="Pentium (original)">Pentium</a> processor for running OS/2. The model was revised in mid-1996 and rebranded as the PC Server 520, which featured a 133 MHz Intel Pentium processor. Both models came standard with 32 MB of <a href="/wiki/Random_access_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random access memory">RAM</a> and were expandable to 256 MB. The PC Server 500 featured eight MCA expansion slots while the PC Server 520 added two <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> expansion slots and removed two MCA slots. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="S/390_Integrated_Server"><span id="S.2F390_Integrated_Server"></span>S/390 Integrated Server</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: S/390 Integrated Server"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_s390_integrated_server_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/IBM_s390_integrated_server_%281%29.jpg/220px-IBM_s390_integrated_server_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/IBM_s390_integrated_server_%281%29.jpg/330px-IBM_s390_integrated_server_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/IBM_s390_integrated_server_%281%29.jpg/440px-IBM_s390_integrated_server_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>IBM S/390 Integrated Server</figcaption></figure> <p>The S/390 Integrated Server (aka S/390 IS) is a mainframe housed in a comparably small case (HxWxD are 82 x 52 x 111 cm). It became available from November 1998. It is intended for customers who do not require the I/O bandwidth and performance of the <a href="/wiki/Multiprise_3000" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiprise 3000">S/390 Multiprise 3000</a> (which has the same size). Only 256 MB of ECC Memory and a single CMOS main processor (performance about 8 MIPS) are used; the S/390 CPU used in the Integrated Server is in fact the P/390 E-card. A <a href="/wiki/Pentium_II" title="Pentium II">Pentium II</a> is used as IOSP (I/O Service Processor). It supports four <a href="/wiki/ESCON" title="ESCON">ESCON</a> and to four parallel channels. Standard PCI and ISA slots are present. A maximum of 255 GB internal harddisks are supported (16x 18GB HDs, with 2x HDs for redundancy). The supported OSs are OS/390, MVS/ESA, VM/ESA and VSE/ESA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fujitsu_PC-based_systems">Fujitsu PC-based systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Fujitsu PC-based systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fujitsu offers two based systems that make up the lower end of Fujitsu's S/390-based <a href="/wiki/BS2000" title="BS2000">BS2000</a> mainframe product line.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SQ100 is the slower configuration, using dual-core 2.93<span class="nowrap"> </span>GHz <a href="/wiki/Xeon#Tigerton" title="Xeon">Intel Xeon E7220</a> processors, and is capable of up to 200RPF of performance.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SQ200 was introduced more recently, uses six-core 2.66<span class="nowrap"> </span>GHz <a href="/wiki/Xeon#6500/7500-series_"Beckton"" title="Xeon">Xeon X7542</a> processors, and has performance of up to 700RPF.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All <a href="/wiki/Intel_64" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel 64">Intel 64</a>-based BS2000 mainframes can run Linux or Windows in separate partitions. Fujitsu also continues to make custom S/390-native processors and mainframe hardware for the high end of its BS2000 line.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="z/Architecture_and_today"><span id="z.2FArchitecture_and_today"></span>z/Architecture and today</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: z/Architecture and today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-No_footnotes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-No_footnotes" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section includes a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of references</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">related reading</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, <b>but its sources remain unclear because it lacks <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this section by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this 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title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">undue weight</a> to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit">help improve it</a> by rewriting it in a <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Balance" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">balanced fashion</a></b> that contextualizes different points of view.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Since the late 1990s, PC processors have become fast enough to perform mainframe emulation without the need for a <a href="/wiki/Coprocessor" title="Coprocessor">coprocessor</a> card. There are currently several personal computer emulators available that support System/390 and <a href="/wiki/Z/Architecture" title="Z/Architecture">z/Architecture</a>. </p> <ul><li><b>FLEX-ES</b> by Fundamental Software emulates both System/390 (ESA/390) and <a href="/wiki/Z/Architecture" title="Z/Architecture">z/Architecture</a>. Claimed to be one of the most popular PC-based IBM-compatible mainframe products (as of 2006). While FLEX-ES is capable of running on most PC hardware, the licensing agreement requires that FLEX-ES must run on the machine with which it was sold; in the past, this included Compaq Proliant and HP servers, but today this is nearly always an approved IBM <a href="/wiki/IBM_System_x" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM System x">x</a>Series server or a <a href="/wiki/ThinkPad" title="ThinkPad">ThinkPad</a> laptop.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hercules_(emulator)" title="Hercules (emulator)">Hercules</a></b>, an open source emulator for the System/370, System/390, and z/Architecture instruction sets. It does however require a complete operating system in order to execute application programs. While IBM does not license its current operating systems to run on Hercules, earlier System/370 operating systems are in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and can be legally run on Hercules.</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZPDT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZPDT (page does not exist)">zPDT</a></b> (System/z Personal Development Tool), an IBM offering allowing IBM PartnerWorld Independent Software Developers (ISVs) to legally run <a href="/wiki/Z/OS" title="Z/OS">z/OS</a> 1.6 (or higher), <a href="/wiki/IBM_DB2" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM DB2">DB2</a> V8 (or higher), <a href="/wiki/Z/TPF" class="mw-redirect" title="Z/TPF">z/TPF</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Z/VSE" class="mw-redirect" title="Z/VSE">z/VSE</a> 4.1 (or higher) on PC-based machines that can be acquired based on a Linux emulation.</li> <li><b>IBM ZD&T</b> (Z Development and Test Environment), an IBM offering <i>provides an x86-based environment that emulates Z hardware and runs</i> genuine <i>z/OS software, offering unmatched application portability and compatibility. IBM Z Development and Test Environment can be used for education, demonstration, and development and test of applications that include mainframe components.</i></li> <li>The Z390 and zCOBOL is a portable macro assembler and COBOL compiler, linker, and emulator toolkit providing a way to develop, test, and deploy mainframe compatible assembler and COBOL programs using any computer that supports J2SE 1.6.0+ runtime.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline">Timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Timeline of the IBM Personal Computer <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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PS/ValuePoint" alt="IBM PS/ValuePoint" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/ThinkPad" coords="445,147,525,168" title="ThinkPad" alt="ThinkPad" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/EduQuest" coords="432,127,513,148" title="EduQuest" alt="EduQuest" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_PS/note" coords="430,108,505,128" title="IBM PS/note" alt="IBM PS/note" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ambra_Computer_Corporation" coords="426,88,490,109" title="Ambra Computer Corporation" alt="Ambra Computer Corporation" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_PCradio" coords="424,68,499,89" title="IBM PCradio" alt="IBM PCradio" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_PS/1" coords="377,48,436,69" title="IBM PS/1" alt="IBM PS/1" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_PS/55" coords="310,29,374,49" title="IBM PS/55" alt="IBM PS/55" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2" coords="310,9,368,30" title="IBM PS/2" alt="IBM PS/2" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_XT_286" coords="296,325,465,346" title="IBM Personal Computer XT 286" alt="IBM Personal Computer XT 286" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_PC_Convertible" coords="285,305,399,326" title="IBM PC Convertible" alt="IBM PC Convertible" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_JX" coords="250,286,298,306" title="IBM JX" alt="IBM JX" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_AT/370" coords="249,266,418,286" title="IBM Personal Computer AT/370" alt="IBM Personal Computer AT/370" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_AT" coords="245,246,393,267" title="IBM Personal Computer AT" alt="IBM Personal Computer AT" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Industrial_Computer" coords="238,226,380,247" title="IBM Industrial Computer" alt="IBM Industrial Computer" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_PCjr" coords="234,207,293,227" title="IBM PCjr" alt="IBM PCjr" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Portable_Personal_Computer" coords="232,187,413,207" title="IBM Portable Personal Computer" alt="IBM Portable Personal Computer" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_XT/370" coords="224,167,393,188" title="IBM Personal Computer XT/370" alt="IBM Personal Computer XT/370" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_3270_PC" coords="224,147,299,168" title="IBM 3270 PC" alt="IBM 3270 PC" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_XT" coords="210,127,357,148" title="IBM Personal Computer XT" alt="IBM Personal Computer XT" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_5550" coords="210,108,268,128" title="IBM 5550" alt="IBM 5550" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer" coords="172,88,302,109" title="IBM Personal Computer" alt="IBM Personal Computer" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_System/23_Datamaster" coords="157,68,304,89" title="IBM System/23 Datamaster" alt="IBM System/23 Datamaster" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_5120" coords="132,48,190,69" title="IBM 5120" alt="IBM 5120" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_5110" coords="83,29,141,49" title="IBM 5110" alt="IBM 5110" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/IBM_5100" coords="26,9,84,30" title="IBM 5100" alt="IBM 5100" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_203na3nfq7791c8r7gdva9f89dv346n" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/203na3nfq7791c8r7gdva9f89dv346n.png" /></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">Asterisk (*) denotes a model released in Japan only </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_IBM_Personal_Computer_models" title="List of IBM Personal Computer models">List of IBM Personal Computer models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_IBM_products" title="List of IBM products">List of IBM products</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-byte198101-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-byte198101_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1981-01/1981_01_BYTE_06-01_Hand-held_Computers#page/n313/mode/2up">"Interest Group for Possible IBM 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Feb 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ibm.com&rft.atitle=IBM+PC+Server+500+System%2F390+Delivers+Two+Computing+Environments+in+One+Cost-Effective+Solution&rft.date=1995-05-23&rft.au=IBM+Corporation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-01.ibm.com%2Fcommon%2Fssi%2Frep_ca%2F7%2F897%2FENUS195-147%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APC-based+IBM+mainframe-compatible+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://globalsp.ts.fujitsu.com/dmsp/docs/wp_s175_s210_business-server.pdf">[1]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://globalsp.ts.fujitsu.com/dmsp/docs/ds_sq100-businessserver.pdf">[2]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://globalsp.ts.fujitsu.com/dmsp/docs/ds-sq200-businessserver-em-en.pdf">[3]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ts.fujitsu.com/products/bs2000/s_series/s210.html">"Business Server S210 - Fujitsu Technology Solutions"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Business+Server+S210+-+Fujitsu+Technology+Solutions&rft.pub=Ts.fujitsu.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fts.fujitsu.com%2Fproducts%2Fbs2000%2Fs_series%2Fs210.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APC-based+IBM+mainframe-compatible+systems" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PC-based_IBM_mainframe-compatible_systems&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060213081033/http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg244847.html">P/390 and R/390 with OS/390: An Introduction (IBM Redbook)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060213080652/http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg244757.html">P/390, R/390, S/390 Integrated Server: OS/390 New User's Cookbook (IBM Redbook)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-306.ibm.com/common/ssi/rep_ca/1/897/ENUS198-211/index.html">S/390 Integrated Server - Hardware Announcement; September 8, 1998</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vm.ibm.com/perf/docs/p520r591.html">VM/ESA Performance on P/390 and R/390 PC Server 520 and RS/6000 591</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://john.ccac.rwth-aachen.de:8000/alf/pcs500/">Detail pictures of a PC Server 500, on the private website of Alfred Arnold</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corestore.org/is.htm">Detail pictures of a S/390 IS (incl. screenshot of console), on the private website of Michael J. Ross</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ardent-tool.com/P390/">P/390 Information</a> at 'Ardent Tool of Capitalism'</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ardent-tool.com/P390/faq390.txt">IBM PC Server System/390 FAQ</a> at 'Ardent Tool of Capitalism'</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/sg247721.pdf">zPDT: Introduction and Reference. (IBM Redbook)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121007085342/http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=isg202fb2738dbf2f985852575cc00504942&aid=1">zPDT: User's guide (IBM Manual)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110822215320/http://www.p390.com/updt.htm">zPDT worldwide distributor</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120425154040/http://www.p390.com/redd.htm">zPDT for Rational Developer for System z Unit Test</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpushack.com/2013/03/22/cpu-of-the-day-ibm-micro-370/">Micro/370 - the chips used in the XT/370</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKozuhLivingstonSpillman1984" class="citation journal cs1">Kozuh, F. T.; Livingston, D. L.; Spillman, T. C. (1984). "System/370 capability in a desktop computer". <i>IBM Systems Journal</i>. <b>23</b> (3): 245. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1147%2Fsj.233.0245">10.1147/sj.233.0245</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IBM+Systems+Journal&rft.atitle=System%2F370+capability+in+a+desktop+computer&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=245&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1147%2Fsj.233.0245&rft.aulast=Kozuh&rft.aufirst=F.+T.&rft.au=Livingston%2C+D.+L.&rft.au=Spillman%2C+T.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APC-based+IBM+mainframe-compatible+systems" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150621044331/http://nix.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19890005611&qs=N%3D4294554104">A performance evaluation of the IBM 370/XT personal computer</a>, NASA<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2021">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebb2000" class="citation journal cs1">Webb, Charles F. (November 2000). "S/390 microprocessor design". <i>IBM Journal of Research and Development</i>. <b>44</b> (6): 899–907. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.93.3220">10.1.1.93.3220</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1147%2Frd.446.0899">10.1147/rd.446.0899</a>.</cite><span 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IBM_personal_computers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_personal_computers" title="Template:IBM personal computers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IBM_personal_computers" title="Template talk:IBM personal computers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IBM_personal_computers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IBM personal computers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IBM_personal_computers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> personal computers</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_the_IBM_PC_on_the_personal_computer_market" title="Influence of the IBM PC on the personal computer market">Influence on the PC market</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Acquisition_of_the_IBM_PC_business_by_Lenovo" title="Acquisition of the IBM PC business by Lenovo">PC business acquisition by Lenovo</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desktop<br />and all-in-one</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Single models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_5120" title="IBM 5120">5120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_System/23_Datamaster" title="IBM System/23 Datamaster">DataMaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer" title="IBM Personal Computer">PC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_IBM_Personal_Computer_models" title="List of IBM Personal Computer models">list of models</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_XT" title="IBM Personal Computer XT">PC XT</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">XT/370</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_3270_PC" title="IBM 3270 PC">3270 PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_XT_286" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Personal Computer XT 286">XT 286</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_JX" title="IBM JX">JX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PCjr" title="IBM PCjr">PCjr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer_AT" title="IBM Personal Computer AT">PC AT</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AT/370</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">3270 AT</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_5550" title="IBM 5550">5550</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Industrial_Computer" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Industrial Computer">Industrial Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2" title="IBM PS/2">PS/2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_IBM_PS/2_models" title="List of IBM PS/2 models">list of models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_25" title="IBM PS/2 Model 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_25" title="IBM PS/2 Model 25">25 286</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_25" title="IBM PS/2 Model 25">25 SX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_30" title="IBM PS/2 Model 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_30" title="IBM PS/2 Model 30">30 286</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_50" title="IBM PS/2 Model 50">50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_50" title="IBM PS/2 Model 50">50 Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_55_SX" title="IBM PS/2 Model 55 SX">55 SX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_55_SX" title="IBM PS/2 Model 55 SX">55 LS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_60" title="IBM PS/2 Model 60">60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_60" title="IBM PS/2 Model 60">65 SX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_70" title="IBM PS/2 Model 70">70 386</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_70" title="IBM PS/2 Model 70">70 486</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_80" title="IBM PS/2 Model 80">80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_E" title="IBM PS/2 E">E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/55" title="IBM PS/55">PS/55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/V" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PS/V">PS/V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/1" title="IBM PS/1">PS/1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EduQuest" title="EduQuest">EduQuest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/ValuePoint" title="IBM PS/ValuePoint">ValuePoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambra_Computer_Corporation" title="Ambra Computer Corporation">Ambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC_Series" title="IBM PC Series">PC Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Aptiva" title="IBM Aptiva">Aptiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_NetVista" title="IBM NetVista">NetVista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkCentre" title="ThinkCentre">ThinkCentre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ThinkCentre_A_series" title="ThinkCentre A series">A series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkCentre_M_series" title="ThinkCentre M series">M series</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_5100" title="IBM 5100">5100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_5110" title="IBM 5110">5110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Portable_Personal_Computer" title="IBM Portable Personal Computer">Portable PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_portable_computers" title="IBM PS/2 portable computers">PS/2 portables</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_portable_computers" title="IBM PS/2 portable computers">P70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_portable_computers" title="IBM PS/2 portable computers">P75</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laptop</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">pre-ThinkPad</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC_Convertible" title="IBM PC Convertible">Convertible</a></li> <li>PS/2 Laptop <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_L40_SX" title="IBM PS/2 Model L40 SX">L40 SX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Model_CL57_SX" title="IBM PS/2 Model CL57 SX">CL57 SX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Note_and_PS/note" title="IBM PS/2 Note and PS/note">PS/2 Note and PS/note</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Note#N33SX" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PS/2 Note">N33SX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Note#N45SL" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PS/2 Note">N45SL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Note#N51SX" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PS/2 Note">N51SX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Note#N51SLC" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PS/2 Note">N51SLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/2_Note#Model_425/425C" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PS/2 Note">Model 425/425C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PS/55_Note" title="IBM PS/55 Note">PS/55 Note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PCradio" title="IBM PCradio">PCradio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad" title="ThinkPad">ThinkPad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;vertical-align:top;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2<i>xx</i> series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_220" title="IBM ThinkPad 220">220</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_230" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad 230">230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_235" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad 235">235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_240" title="IBM ThinkPad 240">240</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3<i>xx</i> series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_300" title="IBM ThinkPad 300">300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_310" title="IBM ThinkPad 310">310</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_350" title="IBM ThinkPad 350">350</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_360" title="IBM ThinkPad 360">360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_365" title="IBM ThinkPad 365">365</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_380" title="IBM ThinkPad 380">380</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_390" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad 390">390</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5<i>xx</i> series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_500" title="IBM ThinkPad 500">500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_NoteJet#IBM_ThinkPad_550BJ" title="Canon NoteJet">550BJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_NoteJet#IBM_ThinkPad_555BJ" title="Canon NoteJet">555BJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_560" title="IBM ThinkPad 560">560</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_570" title="IBM ThinkPad 570">570</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6<i>xx</i> series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_600" title="IBM ThinkPad 600">600</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7<i>xx</i> series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_700" title="IBM ThinkPad 700">700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_701" title="IBM ThinkPad 701">701 "Butterfly"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_750" title="IBM ThinkPad 750">750</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_755" title="IBM ThinkPad 755">755</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_760" title="IBM ThinkPad 760">760</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_765" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad 765">765</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_770" title="IBM ThinkPad 770">770</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">Power Series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">821</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">822</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">823</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">851</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">860</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;vertical-align:top;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_G_series" title="ThinkPad G series">G series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_G_series" title="ThinkPad G series">G40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_G_series" title="ThinkPad G series">G41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_G_series" title="ThinkPad G series">G50</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_T_series" title="ThinkPad T series">T series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T20" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad T20">T20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T21" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad T21">T21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T22" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad T22">T22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T23" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM ThinkPad T23">T23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T30" title="IBM ThinkPad T30">T30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T40" title="IBM ThinkPad T40">T40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T41" title="IBM ThinkPad T41">T41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T42" title="IBM ThinkPad T42">T42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_T43" title="IBM ThinkPad T43">T43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_T60" title="ThinkPad T60">T60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_T61" title="ThinkPad T61">T61</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_A_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad A series">A series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>A20m</li> <li>A21m</li> <li>A22m</li> <li>A22e</li> <li>A20p</li> <li>A21p</li> <li>A22p</li> <li>A30</li> <li>A31</li> <li>A30p</li> <li>A31p</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_X40" title="IBM ThinkPad X40">X40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X60t</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_X_series" title="ThinkPad X series">X61t</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_R_series" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkPad R series">R61</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_TransNote" title="IBM ThinkPad TransNote">TransNote</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Handheld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Palm_Top_PC_110" title="IBM Palm Top PC 110">Palm Top PC 110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_WorkPad" title="IBM WorkPad">WorkPad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_WorkPad_Z50" title="IBM WorkPad Z50">Z50</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prototypes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Leapfrog" title="IBM Leapfrog">Leapfrog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_Power_Series#Power_Series_600" title="IBM ThinkPad Power Series">Power Series 600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_ThinkPad_240#Transmeta_Crusoe" title="IBM ThinkPad 240">ThinkPad 240 with Transmeta Crusoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_WatchPad" title="IBM WatchPad">WatchPad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Monochrome_Display_Adapter" title="IBM Monochrome Display Adapter">Monochrome Display Adapter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_Graphics_Adapter" title="Color Graphics Adapter">Color Graphics Adapter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter" title="Enhanced Graphics Adapter">Enhanced Graphics Adapter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Graphics_Controller" title="Professional Graphics Controller">Professional Graphics Controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-Color_Graphics_Array" title="Multi-Color Graphics Array">Multi-Color Graphics Array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">Video Graphics Array</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_8514" title="IBM 8514">IBM 8514</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Graphics_Array" title="Extended Graphics Array">Extended Graphics Array</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_5151" title="IBM 5151">IBM 5151</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_BASIC" title="IBM BASIC">IBM BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC%E2%80%93compatible" title="IBM PC–compatible">IBM PC–compatible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Industry Standard Architecture">Industry Standard Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_IntelliStation" title="IBM IntelliStation">IntelliStation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC_keyboard" title="IBM PC keyboard">Keyboards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Model_F_keyboard" title="Model F keyboard">Model F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_M_keyboard" title="Model M keyboard">Model M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">Micro Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Music_Feature_Card" title="IBM Music Feature Card">Music Feature Card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwave" title="Mwave">Mwave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_4694" title="IBM 4694">SurePOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkPad_UltraBay" title="ThinkPad UltraBay">UltraBay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinkLight" title="ThinkLight">ThinkLight</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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