Unusual structure, bonding and properties in a californium borate

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usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NWGqL1OmkgcO27yLhq0d4VJxq4jyTXZiMZeattB8eB7Dvazw6UOQ6uW2sXWUhq1B"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NWGqL1OmkgcO27yLhq0d4VJxq4jyTXZiMZeattB8eB7Dvazw6UOQ6uW2sXWUhq1B"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NWGqL1OmkgcO27yLhq0d4VJxq4jyTXZiMZeattB8eB7Dvazw6UOQ6uW2sXWUhq1B"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NWGqL1OmkgcO27yLhq0d4VJxq4jyTXZiMZeattB8eB7Dvazw6UOQ6uW2sXWUhq1B"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="24755589"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item dialog-focus" 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new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long 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'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button><button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" 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id="article-details">   <header class="heading" id="heading"> <div class="full-view" id="full-view-heading"> <div class="article-citation"> <div class="article-source"> <div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="full-view-journal-trigger" class="journal-actions-trigger trigger" ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn" title="Nature chemistry" tabindex="0" aria-controls="full-view-journal" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Nature chemistry" data-pinger-ignore> Nat Chem </button><div id="full-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Nature chemistry"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Nat+Chem%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Nat+Chem%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" 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class="heading-title"> Unusual structure, bonding and properties in a californium borate </h1> <div class="inline-authors"> <div class="authors"> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Polinski+MJ&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Matthew J Polinski">Matthew J Polinski</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Garner+EB+3rd&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Edward B Garner 3rd">Edward B Garner 3rd</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Maurice+R&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Rémi Maurice">Rémi Maurice</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="1] Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA [2] SUBATECH, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6457, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, BP20722, 44307 Nantes Cédex 3, France." href="#full-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Planas+N&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Nora Planas">Nora Planas</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Stritzinger+JT&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jared T Stritzinger">Jared T Stritzinger</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Parker+TG&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="T Gannon Parker">T Gannon Parker</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Cross+JN&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Justin N Cross">Justin N Cross</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Green+TD&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Thomas D Green">Thomas D Green</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 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<span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Matthew J Polinski</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> Nat Chem<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <span class="citation-year">2014 May</span><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" aria-controls="full-article-details" aria-expanded="false" data-fetch-url="/24755589/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title">Show details</span> </button> <div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"> <button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"> 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Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Garner+EB+3rd&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Edward B Garner 3rd">Edward B Garner 3rd</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Maurice+R&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Rémi Maurice">Rémi Maurice</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="1] Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA [2] SUBATECH, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6457, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, BP20722, 44307 Nantes Cédex 3, France." href="#short-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Planas+N&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Nora Planas">Nora Planas</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Stritzinger+JT&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Jared T Stritzinger">Jared T Stritzinger</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Parker+TG&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="T Gannon Parker">T Gannon Parker</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Cross+JN&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Justin N Cross">Justin N Cross</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Green+TD&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Thomas D Green">Thomas D Green</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Alekseev+EV&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Evgeny V Alekseev">Evgeny V Alekseev</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="1] Institute for Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany [2] Institut für Kristallographie, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52066 Aachen, Germany." href="#short-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Van+Cleve+SM&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Shelley M Van Cleve">Shelley M Van Cleve</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Nuclear Materials Processing Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-6" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 6 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Depmeier+W&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Wulf Depmeier">Wulf Depmeier</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany." href="#short-view-affiliation-7" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 7 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Gagliardi+L&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Laura Gagliardi">Laura Gagliardi</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Shatruk+M&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Michael Shatruk">Michael Shatruk</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Knappenberger+KL&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Kenneth L Knappenberger">Kenneth L Knappenberger</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Liu+G&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Guokui Liu">Guokui Liu</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-8" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 8 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Skanthakumar+S&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="S Skanthakumar">S Skanthakumar</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-8" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 8 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Soderholm+L&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Lynda Soderholm">Lynda Soderholm</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-8" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 8 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Dixon+DA&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="David A Dixon">David A Dixon</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Albrecht-Schmitt+TE&cauthor_id=24755589" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Thomas E Albrecht-Schmitt">Thomas E Albrecht-Schmitt</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-3" id="short-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> 1] Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA [2] SUBATECH, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6457, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, BP20722, 44307 Nantes Cédex 3, France.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-4" id="short-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-5" id="short-view-affiliation-5" ><sup class="key">5</sup> 1] Institute for Energy and Climate Research (IEK-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany [2] Institut für Kristallographie, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52066 Aachen, Germany.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-6" id="short-view-affiliation-6" ><sup class="key">6</sup> Nuclear Materials Processing Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-7" id="short-view-affiliation-7" ><sup class="key">7</sup> Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-8" id="short-view-affiliation-8" ><sup class="key">8</sup> Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">24755589</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1038/nchem.1896&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1896" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1038/nchem.1896 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/24755589/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/24755589/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> The participation of the valence orbitals of actinides in bonding has been debated for decades. Recent experimental and computational investigations demonstrated the involvement of 6p, 6d and/or 5f orbitals in bonding. However, structural and spectroscopic data, as well as theory, indicate a decrease in covalency across the actinide series, and the evidence points to highly ionic, lanthanide-like bonding for late actinides. Here we show that chemical differentiation between californium and lanthanides can be achieved by using ligands that are both highly polarizable and substantially rearrange on complexation. A ligand that suits both of these desired properties is polyborate. We demonstrate that the 5f, 6d and 7p orbitals are all involved in bonding in a Cf(III) borate, and that large crystal-field effects are present. Synthetic, structural and spectroscopic data are complemented by quantum mechanical calculations to support these observations. </p> </div> </div> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/25880116/" ref="article_id=25880116&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="25880116" data-ga-label=""> Emergence of californium as the second transitional element in the actinide series. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Cary SK, Vasiliu M, Baumbach RE, Stritzinger JT, Green TD, Diefenbach K, Cross JN, Knappenberger KL, Liu G, Silver MA, DePrince AE, Polinski MJ, Van Cleve SM, House JH, Kikugawa N, Gallagher A, Arico AA, Dixon DA, Albrecht-Schmitt TE.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Cary SK, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Nat Commun. 2015 Apr 16;6:6827. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7827.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Nat Commun. 2015.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">25880116</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/22668004/" ref="article_id=22668004&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="22668004" data-ga-label=""> Does covalency increase or decrease across the actinide series? 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PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Jun 27;134(25):10682-92 - <a class="reference-link" href="/22642795/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="22642795" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010 Aug 23;49(36):6343-7 - <a class="reference-link" href="/20575123/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="20575123" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Inorg Chem. 2006 Jan 23;45(2):475-7 - <a class="reference-link" href="/16411673/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="16411673" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> <li> <ol class="references-and-notes-list"> <li class="skip-numbering" value="1"> Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2010 May 17;49(22):3811-5 - <a class="reference-link" href="/20401881/" ref="linksrc=references_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="20401881" > PubMed </a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> <div class="actions-bar"> <button class="show-all" ref="linksrc=show_all_references_link" aria-controls="top-references-list-1" data-next-page-url="/24755589/references/" data-ga-category="reference" data-ga-action="show_more" > Show all 13 references </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="publication-types" class="publication-types keywords-section"> <h2 class="title"> Publication types </h2> <ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-publication-types-0" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Research 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Unusual structure, bonding and properties in a californium borate - PubMed