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Detailed SWOT analysis, company roadmaps, and benchmarking are provided for each modality, along with twenty-year market forecast outlining the prospects of each."> <meta property="og:type" content="book" > <meta property="og:title" content="Quantum Computing Market 2024-2044: Technology, Trends, Players, Forecasts" > <meta property="og:description" content="Quantum computing promises a revolution in computational capabilities. This accessible quantum computing market report evaluates key technologies, companies, drivers for growth and adoption barriers across this emerging industry. Multiple competing quantum computer technologies are assessed: superconducting, silicon-spin, photonic, trapped-ion, neutral-atom, topological, diamond-defect, and annealing. Detailed SWOT analysis, company roadmaps, and benchmarking are provided for each modality, along with twenty-year market forecast outlining the prospects of each."> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.idtechex.com/en/research-report/quantum-computing-market-2024-2044-technology-trends-players-forecasts/996"> <meta property="og:image" content="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/AD/E7.png?w=1066&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces,entropy&q=50&fm=pjpg" > <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-03-11"> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/IDTechExResearch/"> <meta property="book:author" content="https://www.idtechex.com/en/team/dr-tess-skyrme/2796"> <meta property="book:isbn" content="9781835700242"> <meta property="book:released_date" content="2024-03-11"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="IDTechEx"> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="1905389916393394"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@idtechex"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@idtechex"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Quantum Computing Market 2024-2044: Technology, Trends, Players, Forecasts: IDTechEx"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Quantum computing promises a revolution in computational capabilities. This accessible quantum computing market report evaluates key technologies, companies, drivers for growth and adoption barriers across this emerging industry. Multiple competing quantum computer technologies are assessed: superconducting, silicon-spin, photonic, trapped-ion, neutral-atom, topological, diamond-defect, and annealing. 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href="/en/research-report/5g-small-cells-2021-2031-technologies-markets-forecast/825" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">5G Small Cells</a> <a href="/en/research-report/6g-market-2023-2043-technology-trends-forecasts-players/911" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">6G Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/antenna-in-package-aip-for-5g-and-6g-2024-2034-technologies-trends-markets/989" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Antenna in Package (AiP) for 5G and 6G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/low-loss-materials-for-5g-and-6g-2024-2034-markets-trends-forecasts/986" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Low-Loss Materials for 5G and 6G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/metamaterials-markets-2024-2034-optical-and-radio-frequency/1010" class="list-group-item 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fs-smaller">Aerogels</a> <a href="/en/research-report/bioplastics-2025-2035-technology-market-players-and-forecasts/1032" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Bioplastics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-nanotubes-2023-2033-market-technology-and-players/947" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Carbon Nanotubes</a> <a href="/en/research-report/copper-demand-for-cars-2024-2034-trends-utilization-forecasts/973" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Copper Demand for Cars</a> <a href="/en/research-report/critical-material-recovery-2025-2045-technologies-markets-players/1023" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Critical Material Recovery</a> <a href="/en/research-report/direct-lithium-extraction-2025-2035-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/1026" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Direct Lithium Extraction</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electrically-conductive-adhesives-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/830" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electrically Conductive Adhesives</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emerging-alternative-leathers-2024-2034-technologies-trends-players/980" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Emerging Alternative Leathers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emi-shielding-for-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-applications/961" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">EMI Shielding for Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/gas-separation-membranes-2023-2033/940" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Gas Separation Membranes</a> <a href="/en/research-report/graphene-market-and-2d-materials-assessment-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/967" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Graphene Market & 2D Materials Assessment</a> <a href="/en/research-report/helium-market-2025-2035-applications-alternatives-and-reclamation/1025" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Helium Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/low-loss-materials-for-5g-and-6g-2024-2034-markets-trends-forecasts/986" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Low-Loss Materials for 5G and 6G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs-2023-2033/936" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for Electric Vehicle Battery Cells and Packs</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-green-hydrogen-production-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/970" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for Green Hydrogen Production</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-pem-fuel-cells-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/987" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for PEM Fuel Cells</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-informatics-2024-2034-markets-strategies-players/990" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials Informatics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/metal-organic-frameworks-mofs-2024-2034-market-technology-and-players/1004" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)</a> <a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77" class="colour- colour-webtopic77 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-left list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> </div> </div> <div class="col px-0" style="margin-left:2px; margin-right:2px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77" class="colour- colour-webtopic77 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-top-right list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> <a href="/en/research-report/metamaterials-markets-2024-2034-optical-and-radio-frequency/1010" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Metamaterials Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-2024-emerging-applications-alternatives-regulations/999" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) 2024</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-dot-materials-and-technologies-2024-2034-trends-markets-applications/952" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Dot Materials and Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-interface-materials-2024-2034-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1011" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Interface Materials</a> <a href="/en/research-report/white-biotechnology-2024-2034/959" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">White Biotechnology</a> <a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77" class="colour- colour-webtopic77 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-right list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic8_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/batteries-and-energy-storage/8" class="colour- colour-webtopic8 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Batteries & Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/research/energy-market-intelligence-subscription" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Subscription</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Energy Research Subscription</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-li-ion-battery-technologies-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/1002" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Li-ion Battery Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-driven-battery-technology-2025-2035-technology-innovation-and-opportunities/1049" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI-Driven Battery Technology</a> <a href="/en/research-report/batteries-for-stationary-energy-storage-2025-2035-markets-forecasts-players-and-technologies/1021" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Batteries for Stationary Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-markets-in-construction-agriculture-and-mining-machines-2024-2034/1008" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Battery Markets in Construction, Agriculture & Mining Machines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/direct-lithium-extraction-2025-2035-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/1026" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Direct Lithium Extraction</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-batteries-market-2025-2035-technologies-forecasts-and-players/1018" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Batteries Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-batteries-and-battery-management-systems-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034/957" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Li-ion Batteries and Battery Management Systems for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-battery-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-applications-outlooks-and-forecasts/1027" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Li-ion Battery Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-battery-recycling-market-2023-2043/939" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Li-ion Battery Recycling Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/long-duration-energy-storage-market-2024-2044-technologies-players-forecasts/983" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Long Duration Energy Storage Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/redox-flow-batteries-market-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets/963" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Redox Flow Batteries Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/scenario-forecasting-spreadsheet-materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs/803" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Scenario Forecasting Spreadsheet</a> <a href="/en/research-report/second-life-electric-vehicle-batteries-2023-2033/924" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Second-life Electric Vehicle Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-anode-battery-technologies-and-markets-2025-2035-players-technologies-applications-markets-forecasts/1052" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Silicon Anode Battery Technologies and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sodium-ion-batteries-2024-2034-technology-players-markets-and-forecasts/978" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sodium-ion Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/solid-state-and-polymer-batteries-2023-2033-technology-forecasts-players/917" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Solid-State and Polymer Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-energy-storage-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/1001" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/reports/batteries-and-energy-storage/8" class="colour- colour-webtopic8 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic2_menu"> <div class="col px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-top-left list-group-item-action btn-sm">Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research/future-mobility-subscription" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Subscription</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Future Mobility Subscription</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-land-sea-and-air-2024-2044/962" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Overview Report</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Electric Vehicles</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-car-sales-models-and-technologies-database/824" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Data & Tools</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Electric Car Sales, Models & Technologies Database</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/air-taxis-electric-vertical-take-off-and-landing-evtol-aircraft-2024-2044-technologies-players/998" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Air Taxis</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-trucks-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1016" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Autonomous Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-vehicles-market-2025-2045-robotaxis-autonomous-cars-sensors/1045" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Autonomous Vehicles Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-electric-and-hydrogen-fuel-cell-trains-2023-2043/930" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Battery Electric & Hydrogen Fuel Cell Trains</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-markets-in-construction-agriculture-and-mining-machines-2024-2034/1008" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Battery Markets in Construction, Agriculture & Mining Machines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-swapping-for-electric-vehicles-2022-2032-technology-players-and-forecasts/868" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Battery Swapping for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/charging-infrastructure-for-electric-vehicles-and-fleets-2025-2035-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/1035" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles and Fleets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/copper-demand-for-cars-2024-2034-trends-utilization-forecasts/973" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Copper Demand for Cars</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-and-fuel-cell-buses-2025-2045-markets-players-technologies-and-forecasts/1012" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric and Fuel Cell Buses</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-and-fuel-cell-trucks-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/971" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-boats-and-ships-2024-2044/948" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric Boats & Ships</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-light-commercial-vehicles-2025-2045-markets-players-forecasts/1048" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric Light Commercial Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-motors-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-technologies-materials-markets-and-forecasts/1031" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric Motors for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-in-construction-2024-2044-technologies-players-forecasts/1022" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric Vehicles in Construction</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-in-india-2021-2041/793" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric Vehicles in India</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-vehicles-in-mining-2024-2044-technologies-players-and-forecasts/994" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electric Vehicles in Mining</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-hybrid-and-fuel-cell-light-commercial-vehicles-2021-2041/783" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric, Hybrid & Fuel Cell Light Commercial Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-left list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> </div> </div> <div class="col px-0" style="margin-left:2px; margin-right:2px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-top-right list-group-item-action btn-sm"></a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fuel-cell-boats-and-ships-2023-2033-pemfc-sofc-hydrogen-ammonia-lng/907" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Fuel Cell Boats & Ships</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fuel-cell-electric-vehicles-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/977" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/future-automotive-technologies-2024-2034-applications-megatrends-forecasts/979" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Future Automotive Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/heads-up-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/991" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Heads-up Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/high-voltage-hybrid-cars-buses-and-trucks-2021-2041/788" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">High Voltage Hybrid Cars, Buses and Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-batteries-and-battery-management-systems-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034/957" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Li-ion Batteries and Battery Management Systems for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/li-ion-battery-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-applications-outlooks-and-forecasts/1027" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Li-ion Battery Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs-2023-2033/936" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for Electric Vehicle Battery Cells and Packs</a> <a href="/en/research-report/micro-evs-2023-2043-electric-two-wheelers-three-wheelers-and-microcars/915" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Micro EVs</a> <a href="/en/research-report/off-grid-charging-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034-technologies-benchmarking-players-and-forecasts/997" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Off-Grid Charging For Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/plug-in-hybrid-and-battery-electric-cars-2025-2045-technologies-players-regulations-market-forecasts/1043" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Plug-in Hybrid and Battery Electric Cars</a> <a href="/en/research-report/power-electronics-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1014" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Power Electronics for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/roboshuttles-and-autonomous-buses-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1020" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Roboshuttles and Autonomous Buses</a> <a href="/en/research-report/scenario-forecasting-spreadsheet-materials-for-electric-vehicle-battery-cells-and-packs/803" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Scenario Forecasting Spreadsheet</a> <a href="/en/research-report/semiconductors-for-autonomous-and-electric-vehicles-2023-2033/921" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Semiconductors for Autonomous and Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-anode-battery-technologies-and-markets-2025-2035-players-technologies-applications-markets-forecasts/1052" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Silicon Anode Battery Technologies and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-future-aviation-2025-2045-trends-technologies-forecasts/1033" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sustainable Future Aviation</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-interface-materials-2024-2034-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1011" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Interface Materials</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-materials-markets-and-technologies/1015" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-ev-power-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets-and-trends/1000" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for EV Power Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wireless-charging-market-for-electric-vehicles-2023-2033-technology-players-and-forecasts/896" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Wireless Charging Market for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2" class="colour- colour-webtopic2 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod-bottom-right list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic115_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/energy-and-decarbonization/115" class="colour- colour-webtopic115 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Energy & Decarbonization</a> <a href="/en/research/energy-market-intelligence-subscription" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Subscription</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Energy Research Subscription</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/blue-hydrogen-production-and-markets-2023-2033-technologies-forecasts-players/922" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Blue Hydrogen Production and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-capture-utilization-and-storage-ccus-markets-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1017" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-removal-cdr-2024-2044-technologies-players-carbon-credit-markets-and-forecasts/1007" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-utilization-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1028" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Dioxide Utilization</a> <a href="/en/research-report/decarbonization-of-cement-2025-2035-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1050" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Decarbonization of Cement</a> <a href="/en/research-report/green-hydrogen-production-and-electrolyzer-market-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/992" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Green Hydrogen Production & Electrolyzer Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-economy-2023-2033-production-storage-distribution-and-applications/946" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Hydrogen Economy</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-internal-combustion-engines-2025-2045-applications-technologies-market-status-and-forecasts/1030" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-green-hydrogen-production-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/970" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for Green Hydrogen Production</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-pem-fuel-cells-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/987" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for PEM Fuel Cells</a> <a href="/en/research-report/nuclear-small-modular-reactors-smrs-2023-2043/934" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Nuclear Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/perovskite-photovoltaics-2023-2033/872" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Perovskite Photovoltaics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/stationary-fuel-cell-markets-2025-2035-technologies-players-and-forecasts/1037" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Stationary Fuel Cell Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-biofuels-and-e-fuels-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-forecasts/1039" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Biofuels & E-Fuels Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-energy-storage-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/1001" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Energy Storage</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thin-film-and-flexible-photovoltaics-2023-2033/885" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thin Film & Flexible Photovoltaics</a> <a href="/en/reports/energy-and-decarbonization/115" class="colour- colour-webtopic115 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic118_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/food-and-agtech/118" class="colour- colour-webtopic118 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Food & AgTech</a> <a href="/en/research-report/agricultural-robots-and-drones-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-players/837" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Agricultural Robots and Drones</a> <a href="/en/research-report/biostimulants-and-biopesticides-2021-2031-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/773" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Biostimulants and Biopesticides</a> <a href="/en/research-report/cultured-meat-2023-2043/913" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Cultured Meat</a> <a href="/en/research-report/genetic-engineering-in-agriculture-2021-2031/750" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Genetic Engineering in Agriculture</a> <a href="/en/research-report/pfas-treatment-2025-2035-technologies-regulations-players-applications/1040" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">PFAS Treatment</a> <a href="/en/research-report/plant-based-meat-2021-2031/823" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Plant-Based Meat</a> <a href="/en/research-report/vertical-farming-2022-2032/871" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Vertical Farming</a> <a href="/en/reports/food-and-agtech/118" class="colour- colour-webtopic118 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic110_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/healthcare/110" class="colour- colour-webtopic110 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Healthcare</a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-wound-care-technologies-2020-2030/682" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Wound Care Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-drug-discovery-2021-players-technologies-and-applications/818" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI in Drug Discovery 2021</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-medical-diagnostics-2020-2030-image-recognition-players-clinical-applications-forecasts/766" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">AI in Medical Diagnostics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/antiviral-and-antimicrobial-technology-market-2023-2033/942" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Antiviral and Antimicrobial Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/biosensors-for-point-of-care-diagnostics-2022-2032-technology-opportunities-players-and-forecasts/863" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Biosensors for Point-of-Care Diagnostics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/diabetes-management-technologies-2022-2032-markets-players-and-forecasts/862" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Diabetes Management Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/digital-health-and-artificial-intelligence-2024-2034-trends-opportunities-and-outlook/985" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence</a> <a href="/en/research-report/dna-sequencing-2023-2033-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/887" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">DNA Sequencing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electronic-skin-patches-2023-2033/900" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electronic Skin Patches</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-electronics-in-healthcare-2020-2030/731" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Flexible Electronics in Healthcare</a> <a href="/en/research-report/remote-patient-monitoring-2023-2033-technologies-markets-and-opportunities/890" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Remote Patient Monitoring</a> <a href="/en/research-report/skin-sensors-2020-2030-technologies-markets-players-forecasts/752" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Skin Sensors</a> <a href="/en/reports/healthcare/110" class="colour- colour-webtopic110 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic124_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/hydrogen/124" class="colour- colour-webtopic124 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Hydrogen</a> <a href="/en/research-report/battery-electric-and-hydrogen-fuel-cell-trains-2023-2043/930" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Battery Electric & Hydrogen Fuel Cell Trains</a> <a href="/en/research-report/blue-hydrogen-production-and-markets-2023-2033-technologies-forecasts-players/922" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Blue Hydrogen Production and Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electric-and-fuel-cell-trucks-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/971" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fuel-cell-electric-vehicles-2024-2044-markets-technologies-and-forecasts/977" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/green-hydrogen-production-and-electrolyzer-market-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/992" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Green Hydrogen Production & Electrolyzer Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-economy-2023-2033-production-storage-distribution-and-applications/946" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Hydrogen Economy</a> <a href="/en/research-report/hydrogen-internal-combustion-engines-2025-2045-applications-technologies-market-status-and-forecasts/1030" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines</a> <a href="/en/research-report/long-duration-energy-storage-market-2024-2044-technologies-players-forecasts/983" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Long Duration Energy Storage Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-green-hydrogen-production-2024-2034-technologies-players-forecasts/970" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials for Green Hydrogen Production</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-pem-fuel-cells-2024-2034-technologies-markets-players/987" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for PEM Fuel Cells</a> <a href="/en/research-report/off-grid-charging-for-electric-vehicles-2024-2034-technologies-benchmarking-players-and-forecasts/997" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Off-Grid Charging For Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-2024-emerging-applications-alternatives-regulations/999" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) 2024</a> <a href="/en/research-report/stationary-fuel-cell-markets-2025-2035-technologies-players-and-forecasts/1037" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Stationary Fuel Cell Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-future-aviation-2025-2045-trends-technologies-forecasts/1033" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Future Aviation</a> <a href="/en/reports/hydrogen/124" class="colour- colour-webtopic124 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic116_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/photonics/116" class="colour- colour-webtopic116 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Photonics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-semiconductor-packaging-2025-2035-forecasts-technologies-applications/1042" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Semiconductor Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/958" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Automotive Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/heads-up-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/991" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Heads-up Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/lidar-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/995" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Lidar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/metamaterials-markets-2024-2034-optical-and-radio-frequency/1010" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Metamaterials Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/micro-led-displays-2024-2034-technology-commercialization-opportunity-market-and-players/968" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Micro-LED Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-photonics-and-photonic-integrated-circuits-2024-2034-market-technologies-and-forecasts/1006" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Silicon Photonics and Photonic Integrated Circuits</a> <a href="/en/reports/photonics/116" class="colour- colour-webtopic116 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic1_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/printed-and-flexible-electronics/1" class="colour- colour-webtopic1 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Printed & Flexible Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-and-printed-electronics-2023-2033-forecasts-technologies-markets/943" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Overview Report</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Flexible & Printed Electronics</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/3d-electronics-additive-electronics-2024-2034-technologies-players-and-markets/1003" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">3D Electronics/Additive Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/conductive-inks-market-2024-2034-technologies-applications-players/1013" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Conductive Inks Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electronic-skin-patches-2023-2033/900" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electronic Skin Patches</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-batteries-market-2025-2035-technologies-forecasts-and-players/1018" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Batteries Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-electronics-in-healthcare-2020-2030/731" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Flexible Electronics in Healthcare</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-hybrid-electronics-2024-2034/950" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Hybrid Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/in-mold-electronics-2023-2033/919" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">In-Mold Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/manufacturing-printed-electronics-2023-2033/916" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Manufacturing Printed Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-for-printed-flexible-electronics-2021-2031-technologies-applications-market-forecasts/785" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials for Printed/Flexible Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/printed-and-flexible-electronics-for-automotive-applications-2021-2031-technologies-and-markets/806" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Printed and Flexible Electronics for Automotive Applications</a> <a href="/en/research-report/printed-and-flexible-sensors-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets/993" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Printed and Flexible Sensors</a> <a href="/en/research-report/smart-packaging-2023-2033/931" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Smart Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/stretchable-and-conformal-electronics-2019-2029/636" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Stretchable and Conformal Electronics</a> <a href="/en/reports/printed-and-flexible-electronics/1" class="colour- colour-webtopic1 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic122_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/quantum-technologies/122" class="colour- colour-webtopic122 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Quantum Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-communication-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-players-forecasts/984" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Communication Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-computing-market-2024-2044-technology-trends-players-forecasts/996" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Computing Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-sensors-market-2024-2044/951" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-technology-market-2024-2034-trends-players-forecasts/1005" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/quantum-technologies/122" class="colour- colour-webtopic122 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic99_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/robotics-and-autonomy/99" class="colour- colour-webtopic99 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Robotics & Autonomy</a> <a href="/en/research-report/agricultural-robots-and-drones-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-players/837" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Agricultural Robots and Drones</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-radar-2024-2044-forecasts-technologies-applications/966" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Automotive Radar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-trucks-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1016" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Autonomous Trucks</a> <a href="/en/research-report/autonomous-vehicles-market-2025-2045-robotaxis-autonomous-cars-sensors/1045" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Autonomous Vehicles Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/collaborative-robots-2025-2045-technologies-players-and-markets/1046" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Collaborative Robots</a> <a href="/en/research-report/drone-market-and-industries-2021-2041/787" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Drone Market and Industries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/future-automotive-technologies-2024-2034-applications-megatrends-forecasts/979" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Future Automotive Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/infrared-ir-cameras-for-automotive-2025-2035-technologies-opportunities-forecasts/1029" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Infrared (IR) Cameras for Automotive</a> <a href="/en/research-report/lidar-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/995" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Lidar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/mobile-robotics-in-logistics-warehousing-and-delivery-2024-2044/960" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Mobile Robotics in Logistics, Warehousing and Delivery</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-communication-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-players-forecasts/984" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Communication Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/roboshuttles-and-autonomous-buses-2024-2044-technologies-trends-forecasts/1020" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Roboshuttles and Autonomous Buses</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sensors-for-robotics-2023-2043-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/908" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sensors for Robotics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/service-robots-2022-2032-technologies-players-and-markets/864" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Service Robots</a> <a href="/en/research-report/software-defined-vehicles-connected-cars-and-ai-in-cars-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/974" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Software-Defined Vehicles, Connected Cars, and AI in Cars</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-advanced-driver-assistance-systems-adas-2023-2033/875" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)</a> <a href="/en/reports/robotics-and-autonomy/99" class="colour- colour-webtopic99 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic121_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/semiconductors-computing-and-ai/121" class="colour- colour-webtopic121 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Semiconductors, Computing & AI</a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-semiconductor-packaging-2025-2035-forecasts-technologies-applications/1042" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Advanced Semiconductor Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-chips-2023-2033/937" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI Chips</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-chips-for-edge-applications-2024-2034-artificial-intelligence-at-the-edge/956" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">AI Chips for Edge Applications</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-drug-discovery-2021-players-technologies-and-applications/818" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">AI in Drug Discovery 2021</a> <a href="/en/research-report/ai-in-medical-diagnostics-2020-2030-image-recognition-players-clinical-applications-forecasts/766" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">AI in Medical Diagnostics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/antenna-in-package-aip-for-5g-and-6g-2024-2034-technologies-trends-markets/989" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Antenna in Package (AiP) for 5G and 6G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-radar-2024-2044-forecasts-technologies-applications/966" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Automotive Radar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/chiplet-technology-2025-2035-technology-opportunities-applications/1041" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Chiplet Technology</a> <a href="/en/research-report/co-packaged-optics-cpo-2025-2035-technologies-market-and-forecasts/1019" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Co-Packaged Optics (CPO)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electrically-conductive-adhesives-2022-2032-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/830" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Electrically Conductive Adhesives</a> <a href="/en/research-report/flexible-hybrid-electronics-2024-2034/950" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Flexible Hybrid Electronics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-and-processing-for-advanced-semiconductor-packaging-2025-2035-technologies-players-forecasts/1044" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Materials and Processing for Advanced Semiconductor Packaging</a> <a href="/en/research-report/materials-informatics-2024-2034-markets-strategies-players/990" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Materials Informatics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-communication-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-players-forecasts/984" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Communication Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-computing-market-2024-2044-technology-trends-players-forecasts/996" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Computing Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-technology-market-2024-2034-trends-players-forecasts/1005" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/semiconductors-for-autonomous-and-electric-vehicles-2023-2033/921" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Semiconductors for Autonomous and Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/silicon-photonics-and-photonic-integrated-circuits-2024-2034-market-technologies-and-forecasts/1006" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Silicon Photonics and Photonic Integrated Circuits</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-5g-2022-2032/857" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for 5G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-data-centers-2025-2035-technologies-markets-and-opportunities/1036" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Data Centers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-ev-power-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets-and-trends/1000" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for EV Power Electronics</a> <a href="/en/reports/semiconductors-computing-and-ai/121" class="colour- colour-webtopic121 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic95_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/sensors-haptics-and-displays/95" class="colour- colour-webtopic95 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Sensors, Haptics & Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/automotive-radar-2024-2044-forecasts-technologies-applications/966" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Automotive Radar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/brain-computer-interfaces-2025-2045-technologies-players-forecasts/1024" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Brain Computer Interfaces</a> <a href="/en/research-report/displays-for-virtual-augmented-and-mixed-reality-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets/955" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Displays for Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emerging-image-sensor-technologies-2024-2034-applications-and-markets/965" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Emerging Image Sensor Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/environmental-gas-sensor-market-2024-2034-technology-trends-forecasts-players/964" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Environmental Gas Sensor Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/haptics-2025-2035-technologies-markets-players/1034" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Haptics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/heads-up-displays-2024-2034-technologies-players-opportunities/991" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Heads-up Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/in-cabin-sensing-2024-2034-technologies-opportunities-and-markets/972" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">In-Cabin Sensing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/infrared-ir-cameras-for-automotive-2025-2035-technologies-opportunities-forecasts/1029" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Infrared (IR) Cameras for Automotive</a> <a href="/en/research-report/lidar-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-and-forecasts/995" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Lidar</a> <a href="/en/research-report/micro-led-displays-2024-2034-technology-commercialization-opportunity-market-and-players/968" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Micro-LED Displays</a> <a href="/en/research-report/printed-and-flexible-sensors-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets/993" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Printed and Flexible Sensors</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-sensors-market-2024-2044/951" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Quantum Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/quantum-technology-market-2024-2034-trends-players-forecasts/1005" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Quantum Technology Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sensor-market-2025-2035-technologies-trends-players-forecasts/1038" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sensor Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sensors-for-robotics-2023-2043-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/908" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sensors for Robotics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/skin-sensors-2020-2030-technologies-markets-players-forecasts/752" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Skin Sensors</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-advanced-driver-assistance-systems-adas-2023-2033/875" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wearable-sensors-market-2025-2035-technologies-trends-players-forecasts/1051" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Wearable Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/sensors-haptics-and-displays/95" class="colour- colour-webtopic95 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic120_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/sustainability/120" class="colour- colour-webtopic120 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Sustainability</a> <a href="/en/research-report/bioplastics-2025-2035-technology-market-players-and-forecasts/1032" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Bioplastics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-capture-utilization-and-storage-ccus-markets-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1017" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-removal-cdr-2024-2044-technologies-players-carbon-credit-markets-and-forecasts/1007" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/carbon-dioxide-utilization-2025-2045-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1028" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Carbon Dioxide Utilization</a> <a href="/en/research-report/chemical-recycling-and-dissolution-of-plastics-2024-2034-technologies-players-markets-forecasts/1009" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Chemical Recycling and Dissolution of Plastics</a> <a href="/en/research-report/cultured-meat-2023-2043/913" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Cultured Meat</a> <a href="/en/research-report/decarbonization-of-cement-2025-2035-technologies-market-forecasts-and-players/1050" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Decarbonization of Cement</a> <a href="/en/research-report/emerging-alternative-leathers-2024-2034-technologies-trends-players/980" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Emerging Alternative Leathers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-2024-emerging-applications-alternatives-regulations/999" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) 2024</a> <a href="/en/research-report/pfas-treatment-2025-2035-technologies-regulations-players-applications/1040" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">PFAS Treatment</a> <a href="/en/research-report/second-life-electric-vehicle-batteries-2023-2033/924" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Second-life Electric Vehicle Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-biofuels-and-e-fuels-market-2025-2035-technologies-players-forecasts/1039" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Biofuels & E-Fuels Market</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-electronics-manufacturing-2023-2033/902" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Sustainable Electronics Manufacturing</a> <a href="/en/research-report/sustainable-packaging-market-2023-2033/929" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Sustainable Packaging Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/sustainability/120" class="colour- colour-webtopic120 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic123_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/thermal-management/123" class="colour- colour-webtopic123 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Thermal Management</a> <a href="/en/research-report/fire-protection-materials-for-ev-batteries-2024-2034-markets-trends-and-forecasts/988" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Fire Protection Materials for EV Batteries</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-interface-materials-2024-2034-technologies-markets-and-forecasts/1011" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Interface Materials</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-5g-2022-2032/857" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for 5G</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-advanced-driver-assistance-systems-adas-2023-2033/875" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-data-centers-2025-2035-technologies-markets-and-opportunities/1036" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for Data Centers</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-electric-vehicles-2025-2035-materials-markets-and-technologies/1015" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Thermal Management for Electric Vehicles</a> <a href="/en/research-report/thermal-management-for-ev-power-electronics-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets-and-trends/1000" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Thermal Management for EV Power Electronics</a> <a href="/en/reports/thermal-management/123" class="colour- colour-webtopic123 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="collapse collapse-mod report-menu row mx-0" id="webtopic52_menu"> <div class="col-6 px-0" style="margin-left:3px;"> <div class="list-group mr-0 pb-2"> <a href="/en/reports/wearable-technology/52" class="colour- colour-webtopic52 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">Wearable Technology</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wearable-technology-forecasts-2023-2033/928" class="list-group-item-secondary list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller border-top"><span class="font-weight-light">Overview Report</span><br><span class="font-weight-bold">Wearable Technology Forecasts</span></a> <a href="/en/research-report/advanced-wound-care-technologies-2020-2030/682" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Advanced Wound Care Technologies</a> <a href="/en/research-report/brain-computer-interfaces-2025-2045-technologies-players-forecasts/1024" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Brain Computer Interfaces</a> <a href="/en/research-report/digital-health-and-artificial-intelligence-2024-2034-trends-opportunities-and-outlook/985" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence</a> <a href="/en/research-report/displays-for-virtual-augmented-and-mixed-reality-2024-2034-forecasts-technologies-markets/955" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Displays for Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality</a> <a href="/en/research-report/e-textiles-and-smart-clothing-markets-2023-2033-technologies-players-and-applications/925" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">E-Textiles and Smart Clothing Markets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/electronic-skin-patches-2023-2033/900" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Electronic Skin Patches</a> <a href="/en/research-report/optics-for-virtual-augmented-and-mixed-reality-2024-2034-technologies-players-and-markets/969" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Optics for Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality</a> <a href="/en/research-report/virtual-reality-and-augmented-reality-headsets-2023-2033-technologies-players-and-markets/889" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller">Virtual Reality & Augmented Reality Headsets</a> <a href="/en/research-report/wearable-sensors-market-2025-2035-technologies-trends-players-forecasts/1051" class="list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm pl-2 fs-smaller bg-stripe">Wearable Sensors Market</a> <a href="/en/reports/wearable-technology/52" class="colour- colour-webtopic52 text-white list-group-item list-group-item-mod list-group-item-action btn-sm">See all reports on the topic</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <section class="content maincontent"> <div class="contentholder"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div id="lhs" class="lhscontainer"> <nav><ul class="nav navlhs"><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/3d-printing/47">3D Printing</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/5g-6g-rfid-and-telecoms/9">5G, 6G, RFID & Telecoms</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/advanced-materials-and-critical-minerals/77">Advanced Materials & Critical Minerals</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/electric-vehicles/2">Electric Vehicles</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/energy-and-decarbonization/115">Energy & Decarbonization</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/energy-storage/8">Batteries & Energy Storage</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/food-and-agtech/118">Food & AgTech</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/healthcare/110">Healthcare</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/photonics/116">Photonics</a></li><li class="nochildren"><a href="/en/reports/printed-and-flexible-electronics/1">Printed & Flexible 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itemprop="headline"> Quantum computing market to reach over US$ 800 million by 2034 with CAGR 30% </div><img src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/AD/E7.png?w=1066&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces,entropy&q=50&fm=pjpg" alt="Quantum Computing Market 2024-2044: Technology, Trends, Players, Forecasts" align="left" class="mainlogo" itemprop="image"><h1 class="std" itemprop="name" id="page-title">Quantum Computing Market 2024-2044: Technology, Trends, Players, Forecasts</h1> <h2 class="booksubtitle" itemprop="alternativeHeadline">Market analysis of hardware enabling quantum computing. Includes twenty-year quantum computing market forecasts, with superconducting, photonic, silicon-spin, neutral-atom, trapped-ion, diamond defect, topological, and annealing categories.</h2> <div style="display:none;" class="sectionsellingpoint"></div> <div class="sectionauthors">By <a rel="author" href="https://www.idtechex.com/en/team/dr-tess-skyrme/2796">Dr Tess Skyrme</a></div> <div role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true" class="toast hide" data-delay="10000" style="position: fixed; top: 10px; right: 25px;z-index:1100"> <div class="toast-header"> <i class="fa fa-exclamation-circle" style="color: darkblue;font-size:1.25em" aria-hidden="true"></i> <strong class="mr-auto">  IDTechEx</strong> <button type="button" class="ml-2 mb-1 close" data-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="toast-body"></div> </div> <div class="modal fade" id="loginModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div 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style="display:block;font-size:0.8em;text-align:center;">About subscriptions</a> </div> <div> <a href="https://www.idtechex.com/users/action/dl.asp?documentid=28273" class="btn btn-sm samplepages" style="color:white !important;background-color:#577cbb !important"><span>Download Sample Pages<span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="viewoption"> <span class="selected">Show All</span> <span data-show="description">Description</span> <span data-show="contents">Contents, Table & Figures List</span> <span class="pricing" data-show="orderinfo">Pricing</span> <span class="d-none" data-show="relatedcontent">Related Content</span></div> <div class="report-description"> <div class="blanksectionheading pagesection"></div> <div class="sectioncontent"><div>IDTechEx's report 'Quantum Computing 2024-2044' covers the hardware that promises a revolutionary approach to solving the world's unmet challenges. Quantum computing is pitched as enabling exponentially faster drug discovery, battery chemistry development, multi-variable logistics, vehicle autonomy, accurate asset pricing, and much more. Drawing on extensive primary and secondary research, including interviews with companies and attendance at multiple conferences, this report provides an in-depth evaluation of the competing quantum computing technologies: superconducting, silicon-spin, photonic, trapped-ion, neutral-atom, topological, diamond-defect and annealing.</div><div> </div><div>These competing quantum computing technologies are compared by key benchmarks including qubit number, coherence time and fidelity. The scalability of whole computer systems is appraised - incorporating hardware needs for qubits initialisation, manipulation, and readout. This results in a twenty-year market forecast covering 2024-2044. The total addressable market for quantum computer use is converted to hardware sales over time, accounting for advancing capabilities and the cloud access business model. The entire hardware market is forecast to grow to US$800m by 2034. This growth will be driven by early adopters in pharmaceutical, chemical, aerospace, and finance institutions, leading to increased installation of quantum computers into colocation data centres and private networks alike. Revenue and volume forecasts are split into eight forecast lines for each methodology covered. Historic data on the number of quantum computer start-ups utilizing each methodology, and the qubit milestones achieved, are also included.</div><div> </div><div><img src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/CB/12.png?w=1200&q=50&px=16&fm=png" data-src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/CB/12.png?w=1200&q=50" class="lazyload mediaimg imgzmr" data-imgzmr-url="//cdn.idtechex.com/si/40000/CB/12.png" width="1200"></div></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="blanksectionheading pagesection"></div> <div class="sectioncontent"><div><span class="sectionbold">Key questions answered in this report include:</span></div><ul><li>What is quantum computing and what is the state of the industry?</li><li>How is quantum computing benchmarked? What is the current and future status of the key players and competing quantum computing technologies?</li><li>How can the commercial potential of quantum computer hardware be assessed?</li><li>What are the competing quantum computing technologies, how do they work and what are the opportunities and challenges for both qubits and readout systems?</li><li>What are the underlying platforms and infrastructure needs of quantum computers, such as cooling systems and thermal management?</li><li>What are the prospects for revenue generation from quantum computer hardware?</li><li>How will the market evolve both short, medium, and long term - and when are inflexion points for commercial value and on-premises ownership anticipated?</li></ul><div> </div><div><div align="center"><img src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/CB/14.png?w=1200&q=50&px=16&fm=png" data-src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/CB/14.png?w=1200&q=50" class="lazyload mediaimg imgzmr" data-imgzmr-url="//cdn.idtechex.com/si/40000/CB/14.png" width="1200"></div></div></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="blanksectionheading pagesection"></div> <div class="sectioncontent"><div><span class="sectionbold">A logical era for Quantum Computers ahead </span></div><div>In the last decade, the number of companies actively developing quantum computer hardware has quadrupled. Between 2022 and 2024 multiple funding rounds surpassing US$100 million have been closed, and the transition from lab-based toys to commercial product has begun. Competition is building not only between different companies but between quantum computing technologies. The focus today has intensified on the need for logical, or error-corrected qubits. The challenge ahead is to scale up hardware and increase qubit number, while reducing errors as well as infrastructure demand - no mean feat.</div><div> </div><div><img src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/CB/13.png?w=1200&q=50&px=16&fm=png" data-src="//idtxs3.imgix.net/si/40000/CB/13.png?w=1200&q=50" class="lazyload mediaimg imgzmr" data-imgzmr-url="//cdn.idtechex.com/si/40000/CB/13.png" width="1200"></div><div> </div><div>Whilst all systems depend on the use of qubits - the quantum equivalent to classical bits - the architectures available to create them vary substantially. Many are now familiar with IBM and their superconducting qubits - housed inside large cryostats and cooled to temperatures colder than deep space. Indeed, in 2023 superconducting quantum computers broke the 1000 qubit milestone - with smaller systems made accessible via the cloud for companies to trial out their problems. However, many agree that the highest value problems - such as drug discovery - need many more qubits, perhaps millions more. As such, alternatives to the superconducting design, many proposing more inherent scalability, have received investment. There are now more than eight technology approaches meaningfully competing to reach the million-qubit milestone.</div><div> </div><div>With so many competing quantum computing technologies across a fragmented landscape, determining which approaches are likely to dominate is essential in identifying opportunities within this exciting industry. IDTechEx uses an in-house framework for quantum commercial readiness level to measure how quantum computer hardware is progressing in comparison with its classical predecessor. Furthermore, as the initial hype around quantum computing begins to cool investors will increasingly demand demonstration of practical benefits, such as quantum supremacy for commercially relevant algorithms. As such, hardware developers need to show not only the quality and quantity of qubits but the entire initialization, manipulation, and readout systems. Improving manufacturing scalability and reducing cooling requirements are also important, which will create opportunities for methodology agnostic providers of infrastructure such as speciality materials and cooling systems. By evaluating both the sector and competing quantum computing technologies, this report provides insight into the opportunities provided by this potentially transformative technology.</div><div> </div><div><span class="sectionbold">Key aspects</span></div><div>This report provides the following information:</div><div> </div><ul><li>A comprehensive introduction to the quantum computing sector, accessible to those with and without a background in quantum technologies.</li><li>Evaluation of how the quantum computing commercial landscape will evolve, including different business models and the role of cloud services.</li><li>A set of benchmarking tools for comparing different quantum computing technologies, including those commonly adopted within the sector, and an additional method specifically developed for assessing commercial potential.</li><li>Explanation of the differences between the main competing quantum computer technologies. Each covers: technical details, operating principles, key companies, SWOT analysis, benchmarking, and specific material requirements. Technologies include superconducting, photonic, silicon-spin, neutral atom, and trapped ion platforms, plus a section on alternatives including annealers and diamond defects.</li><li>Overview of 50+ key companies with historical data on the year founded, qubit number achieved (and projected).</li><li>Overview of infrastructure requirements for quantum computing, including cooling and thermal management.</li><li>Unbiased appraisal of the prospects for revenue generation within the quantum computing industry, balancing hype and funding trends with technology readiness and addressable market.</li><li>Granular twenty-year forecasts, broken down by quantum computing technology.</li></ul><div> </div><div>Market Forecasts & Analysis:</div><ul><li>20-year market forecasts for quantum computer hardware by volume (i.e., number of systems sold) and revenue. Individual forecast lines are available for eight different technology categories including superconducting, photonic, trapped-ion, neutral atom, silicon spin, topological, diamond defect, and annealers.</li><li>60-year projections for meta-trends for quantum computer adoption, going beyond the horizon of a realized versatile computer and looking ahead to mass-market adoption.</li></ul></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="blanksectionheading pagesection"></div> <div class="sectioncontent"><div><style type="text/css">.actable, .acth{border: 1px solid white;border-collapse: collapse;padding: 10px;}.actable{border-radius: 25px;}.acthead .acth{background-color:#162667;color:#ffffff;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;vertical-align:top}.actbody .acth{background-color:#375ca0;color:#ffffff;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;vertical-align:top}.actd{text-align:center;vertical-align:top;border-top: 1px solid #162667;padding: 10px;}</style><table class="actable"><thead class="acthead"><tr><th class="acth">Report Metrics</th><th class="acth">Details</th></tr></thead><tbody class="actbody"><tr><th class="acth">CAGR</th><td class="actd">34%</td></tr><tr><th class="acth">Forecast Period</th><td class="actd">2024 - 2044</td></tr><tr><th class="acth">Forecast Units</th><td class="actd">Revenue, volume (1unit = 1 quantum computer)</td></tr><tr><th class="acth">Segments Covered</th><td class="actd">-Forecasts are segmented by qubit modality.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="sectionheading">Analyst access from IDTechEx</div> <div class="sectioncontent"> <div>All report purchases include up to 30 minutes telephone time with an expert analyst who will help you link key findings in the report to the business issues you're addressing. 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style="color:white !important;background-color:#577cbb !important"><span>Download Sample Pages<span></a> </div> </div> </div> <div style="padding:10px 0px;"></div> </div> <div class="report-contents"> <div class="sectionheading"><a name="toc"></a>Table of Contents</div> <table style="margin-left:10px"> <tr><td class="tocsection1">1.</td><td class="tocname1">EXECUTIVE SUMMARY</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Overview</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum Computing Market: Analyst Opinion</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.2.</td><td class="tocname3">The race for quantum computing: an ultra-marathon not a sprint</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Summary of applications for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.5.</td><td class="tocname3">The number of companies commercializing quantum computers is growing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Investment in quantum computing is growing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.7.</td><td class="tocname3">The business model for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Colocation data centers key partners for quantum hardware developers to reach more customers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Four major challenges for quantum hardware</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Shortage of quantum talent is a challenge for the industry</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.11.</td><td class="tocname3">Blueprint for a quantum computer: qubits, initialization, readout, manipulation</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.12.</td><td class="tocname3">How is the industry benchmarked?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.13.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum supremacy and qubit number</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.14.</td><td class="tocname3">Ranking competing technologies by coherence time</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.15.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to the IDTechEx Quantum Commercial Readiness Level (QCRL)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.16.</td><td class="tocname3">Predicting the tipping point for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.17.</td><td class="tocname3">Demand for quantum computer hardware will lag user number</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.18.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing the physical qubit roadmap of major quantum hardware developers (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.19.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing the qubit roadmap of major quantum hardware developers (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.20.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing characteristics of different quantum computer technologies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.21.</td><td class="tocname3">Summarizing the promises and challenges of leading quantum hardware</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.22.</td><td class="tocname3">Summarizing the promises and challenges of leading quantum hardware</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.23.</td><td class="tocname3">Competing quantum computer architectures: Summary table</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.24.</td><td class="tocname3">Hardware agnostic approaches de-risk quantum strategy</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.25.</td><td class="tocname3">Main conclusions (I)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.1.26.</td><td class="tocname3">Main conclusions (II)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">1.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Quantum Computing Market - Key Updates for 2023/24</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Entering the logical qubit era (1)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing progress in logical qubit number scalability between key players/qubit modalities</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum computer market coverage: key forecasting changes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Business Model Trends: Vertically Integrated vs. The Quantum 'Stack'</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Infrastructure Trends: Modular vs. Single Core</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Overviewing early adopters of on-premises quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.7.</td><td class="tocname3">China's tech giants change course away from quantum and towards AI</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Big chip makers are advancing their quantum computing capabilities</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Confidence in the potential of topological quantum computing is rising</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">1.2.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum and AI - ally or competitor?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">2.</td><td class="tocname1">INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM COMPUTING</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">2.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Chapter overview</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">2.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Sector overview</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Investment in quantum computing is growing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Government funding in the US, China, and Europe is driving the commercializing of quantum technologies</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.4.</td><td class="tocname3">USA National Quantum Initiative aims to accelerate research and economic development</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.5.</td><td class="tocname3">The UK National Quantum Technologies Program</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Eleven quantum technology innovation hubs now established in Japan</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum in South Korea: ambitions to become a global leader in the 2030s</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum in Australia: creating clear benchmarks of national quantum eco-system success</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Collaboration versus quantum nationalism</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.10.</td><td class="tocname3">The quantum computing industry is becoming more competitive which is driving innovation</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.11.</td><td class="tocname3">The business model for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.12.</td><td class="tocname3">Commercial partnership is driver for growth and a tool for technology development</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.13.</td><td class="tocname3">Partnerships forming now will shape the future of quantum computing for the financial sector</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.14.</td><td class="tocname3">Four major challenges for quantum hardware</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.15.</td><td class="tocname3">A complex eco-system</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.16.</td><td class="tocname3">Shortage of quantum talent is a challenge for the industry</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.17.</td><td class="tocname3">Timelines for ROI are unclear in the NISQ (noisy intermediate scale quantum) era</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.18.</td><td class="tocname3">Competition with advancements in classical computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.2.19.</td><td class="tocname3">Value capture in quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">2.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Technical primer</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Classical vs. Quantum</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Superposition, entanglement, and observation</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Classical computers are built on binary logic</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum computers replace binary bits with qubits</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Blueprint for a quantum computer: qubits, initialization, readout, manipulation</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Case study: Shor's algorithm</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.7.</td><td class="tocname3">'Hack Now Decrypt Later' (HNDL) and preparing for Q-Day/ Y2Q</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Applications of quantum algorithms</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">2.3.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Chapter summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">3.</td><td class="tocname1">BENCHMARKING QUANTUM HARDWARE</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Chapter overview</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Qubit benchmarking</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Noise effects on qubits</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing coherence times</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Qubit fidelity and error rate</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Quantum computer benchmarking</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum supremacy and qubit number</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Logical qubits and error correction</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to quantum volume</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Error rate and quantum volume</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Square circuit tests for quantum volume</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Critical appraisal of the importance of quantum volume</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Algorithmic qubits: A new benchmarking metric?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Companies defining their own benchmarks</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Operational speed and CLOPS (circuit layer operations per second)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.3.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Conclusions: determining what makes a good computer is hard, and a quantum computer even harder</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">3.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Industry benchmarking</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.4.1.</td><td class="tocname3">The DiVincenzo criteria</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.4.2.</td><td class="tocname3">IDTechEx - Quantum commercial readiness level (QCRL)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.4.3.</td><td class="tocname3">QCRL scale (1-5, commercial application focused)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">3.4.4.</td><td class="tocname3">QCRL scale (6-10, user-volume focused)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">4.</td><td class="tocname1">MARKET FORECASTS</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecasting Methodology Overview</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Methodology: Roadmap for quantum commercial readiness level by technology</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Methodology: Establishing the total addressable market for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast for total addressable market for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Predicting cumulative demand for quantum computers over time (1)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Predicting cumulative demand for quantum computers over time (2)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast for installed base of quantum computers (2024-2044, logarithmic scale)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.8.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast for installed base of quantum computers (2024-2044, linear scale and data table)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.9.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast for installed based of quantum computers by technology (2024-2044) - logarithmic scale</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.10.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast for quantum computer pricing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.11.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast for annual revenue from quantum computer hardware sales, 2024-2044</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.12.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast annual revenue from quantum computing hardware sales (breakdown by technology), 2024-2044</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.13.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecast for data center number compared to historical data</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.14.</td><td class="tocname2">Identifying the crucial years for the on-premises business model</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">4.15.</td><td class="tocname2">Forecasting discussion - challenges in twenty-year horizons</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">5.</td><td class="tocname1">COMPETING QUANTUM COMPUTER ARCHITECTURES</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Introduction to competing quantum computer architectures</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Superconducting</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to superconducting qubits (I)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to superconducting qubits (II)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Superconducting materials and critical temperature</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Initialization, manipulation, and readout</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Superconducting quantum computer schematic</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Simplifying superconducting architecture requirements for scale-up</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing key players in superconducting quantum computing (hardware)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for superconducting quantum hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for superconducting quantum hardware (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Critical material chain considerations for superconducting quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.11.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: superconducting quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.2.12.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: superconducting quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Trapped ion</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to trapped-ion quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Initialization, manipulation, and readout for trapped ion quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Materials challenges for a fully integrated trapped-ion chip</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing key players in trapped ion quantum computing (hardware)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for trapped-ion quantum computing hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for trapped-ion quantum computing hardware (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.7.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: trapped-ion quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.3.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: trapped ion quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Photonic platform</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to light-based qubits</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing photon polarization and squeezed states</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Overview of photonic platform quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Initialization, manipulation, and readout of photonic platform quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing key players in photonic quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for photonic quantum hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for photonic quantum hardware (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.8.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: photonic quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.4.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: photonic quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Silicon Spin</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to silicon-spin qubits</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Qubits from quantum dots ('hot' qubits are still pretty cold)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.3.</td><td class="tocname3">CMOS readout using resonators offers a speed advantage</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.4.</td><td class="tocname3">The advantage of silicon-spin is in the scale not the temperature</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Initialization, manipulation, and readout</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing key players in silicon spin quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for silicon-spin quantum computing hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for silicon spin (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.9.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: silicon spin quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.5.10.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: silicon spin quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Neutral atom (cold atom)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to neutral atom quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Entanglement via Rydberg states in Rubidium/Strontium</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Initialization, manipulation and readout for neutral-atom quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing key players in neutral atom quantum computing (hardware)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for neutral-atom quantum computing hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for neutral-atom quantum computing hardware (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.7.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: neutral-atom quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.6.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: neutral atom quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Diamond defect</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to diamond-defect spin-based computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Lack of complex infrastructure for diamond defect hardware enables early-stage MVPs</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Supply chain and materials for diamond-defect spin-based computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing key players in diamond defect quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for diamond defect quantum computing hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for diamond-defect based quantum computers (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.7.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: diamond-defect quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.7.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: diamond-defect quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.8.</td><td class="tocname2">Topological qubits (Majorana)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Topological qubits (Majorana mode)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Initialization, manipulation, and readout of topological qubits</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Topological qubits still require cryogenic cooling</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Microsoft are the only company pursuing topological qubits so far</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for topological quantum computing hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for topological quantum computing hardware (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.7.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: topological qubits</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.8.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: topological qubits</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.9.</td><td class="tocname2">Quantum annealers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Introduction to quantum annealers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.2.</td><td class="tocname3">How do quantum processors for annealing work?</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Initialization and readout of quantum annealers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Annealing is best suited to optimization problems</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Commercial examples of use-cases for annealing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.6.</td><td class="tocname3">2024 could be the year for commercial advantage with quantum annealing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Comparing key players in quantum annealing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.8.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for neutral-atom quantum computing hardware (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.9.</td><td class="tocname3">Roadmap for quantum annealing hardware (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.10.</td><td class="tocname3">SWOT analysis: quantum annealers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.9.11.</td><td class="tocname3">Key conclusions: quantum annealers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">5.10.</td><td class="tocname2">Chapter summary</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.10.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Summarizing the promises and challenges of leading quantum hardware</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.10.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Summarizing the promises and challenges of leading quantum hardware</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.10.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Competing quantum computer architectures: Summary table</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.10.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Hardware agnostic approaches de-risk quantum strategy</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.10.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Main conclusions (I)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">5.10.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Main conclusions (II)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">6.</td><td class="tocname1">INFRASTRUCTURE FOR QUANTUM COMPUTING</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Chapter Overview</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Hardware agnostic platforms for quantum computing represent a new market for established technologies.</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Infrastructure Trends: Modular vs. Single Core</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Introduction to cryostats for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Understanding cryostat architectures</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.6.</td><td class="tocname2">Bluefors are the market leaders in cryostat supply for superconducting quantum computers (chart)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Bluefors are the market leaders in cryostat supply for superconducting quantum computers (discussion)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.8.</td><td class="tocname2">Opportunities in the Asian supply chain for cryostats</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.9.</td><td class="tocname2">Cryostats need two forms of helium, with different supply chain considerations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.10.</td><td class="tocname2">Helium isotope (He3) considerations</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.11.</td><td class="tocname2">Summary of cabling and electronics requirements inside a dilution refrigerator for quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.12.</td><td class="tocname2">Qubit readout methods: microwaves and microscopes</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">6.13.</td><td class="tocname2">Pain points for incumbent platform solutions</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">7.</td><td class="tocname1">AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS FOR QUANTUM COMPUTING</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Automotive applications of quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.1.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum chemistry offers more accurate simulations to aid battery material discovery</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.1.2.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum machine learning could make image classification for vehicle autonomy more efficient</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.1.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Quantum optimization for assembly line and distribution efficiency could save time, money, and energy</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">7.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Quantum computing for automotive: Key player activity</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.2.1.</td><td class="tocname3">Most automotive players are pursuing quantum computing for battery chemistry</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.2.2.</td><td class="tocname3">The automotive industry is yet to converge on a preferred qubit modality</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.2.3.</td><td class="tocname3">Partnerships and collaborations for automotive quantum computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.2.4.</td><td class="tocname3">Mercedes: Case study in remaining hardware agnostic</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.2.5.</td><td class="tocname3">Tesla: Supercomputers not quantum computers</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.2.6.</td><td class="tocname3">Summary of key conclusions</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection3">7.2.7.</td><td class="tocname3">Analyst opinion on quantum computing for automotive</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection1">8.</td><td class="tocname1">COMPANY PROFILES</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.1.</td><td class="tocname2">Aegiq</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.2.</td><td class="tocname2">Cold Quanta</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.3.</td><td class="tocname2">Diraq</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.4.</td><td class="tocname2">Element Six (Quantum Technologies)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.5.</td><td class="tocname2">Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory (HCL)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.6.</td><td class="tocname2">IBM (Quantum Computing)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.7.</td><td class="tocname2">Infineon (Quantum Algorithms)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.8.</td><td class="tocname2">Infleqtion (Cold Quanta)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.9.</td><td class="tocname2">nu quantum</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.10.</td><td class="tocname2">ORCA Computing</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.11.</td><td class="tocname2">Powerlase Ltd</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.12.</td><td class="tocname2">Q.ANT</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.13.</td><td class="tocname2">Quantinuum</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.14.</td><td class="tocname2">Quantum Motion</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.15.</td><td class="tocname2">Quantum XChange</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.16.</td><td class="tocname2">QuEra</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.17.</td><td class="tocname2">River Lane</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.18.</td><td class="tocname2">SEEQC</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.19.</td><td class="tocname2">SemiWise</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.20.</td><td class="tocname2">Senko Advance Components Ltd</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.21.</td><td class="tocname2">Siquance</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.22.</td><td class="tocname2">VTT Manufacturing (Quantum Technologies)</td></tr><tr><td class="tocsection2">8.23.</td><td 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