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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Society and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tickling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tickling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tickling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tickling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Underarm_hair" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Underarm_hair"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Underarm hair</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Underarm_hair-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clinical_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clinical_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Clinical significance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Clinical significance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lymphogenic_spread_of_breast_cancer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lymphogenic_spread_of_breast_cancer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Lymphogenic spread of breast cancer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lymphogenic_spread_of_breast_cancer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Axillary_intertrigo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Axillary_intertrigo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Axillary intertrigo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Axillary_intertrigo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Axilla</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 84 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%B7" title="إبط – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إبط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixalla" title="Ixalla – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ixalla" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AB%DC%9A%DC%AC%DC%90_(%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%A0%DC%A6%DC%A2_%DC%A8%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܫܚܬܐ (ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ) – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܫܚܬܐ (ܝܘܠܦܢ ܨܪܘܝܘܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desot-lo-br%C3%A8s" title="Desot-lo-brès – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Desot-lo-brès" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otcikokan" title="Otcikokan – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Otcikokan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyvaguy" title="Jyvaguy – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jyvaguy" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2" title="বগল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বগল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katiak" title="Katiak – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Katiak" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koh-%C4%93-khang" title="Koh-ē-khang – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Koh-ē-khang" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Падпаха – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Падпаха" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BF" title="काँखि – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="काँखि" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukyok" title="Yukyok – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Yukyok" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Подмишница – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Подмишница" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaxn" title="Iaxn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Iaxn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82" title="མཆན་འོག – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མཆན་འོག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazel" title="Kazel – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kazel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aixella" title="Aixella – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aixella" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podpa%C5%BE%C3%AD" title="Podpaží – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Podpaží" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armhule" title="Armhule – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Armhule" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achsel" title="Achsel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Achsel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%87%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Μασχάλη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μασχάλη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%C5%9B%C3%A8ina" title="Laśèina – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Laśèina" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axila" title="Axila – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Axila" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akselo" title="Akselo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Akselo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besape" title="Besape – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Besape" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%BA%D9%84" title="زیربغل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زیربغل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisselle" title="Aisselle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aisselle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earmsholte" title="Earmsholte – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Earmsholte" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascaill" title="Ascaill – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ascaill" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achlais" title="Achlais – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Achlais" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axila" title="Axila – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Axila" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%87%E8%83%9B" title="脇胛 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="脇胛" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BA-kia%CC%8Dp-h%C3%A2" title="Sú-kia̍p-hâ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sú-kia̍p-hâ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%9E%91%EC%9D%B4" title="겨드랑이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="겨드랑이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%96" title="काँख – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="काँख" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huwange%27e" title="Huwange'e – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Huwange'e" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axelo" title="Axelo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Axelo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketiak" title="Ketiak – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ketiak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handarkriki" title="Handarkriki – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Handarkriki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascella" title="Ascella – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ascella" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%99" title="בית השחי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית השחי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಕಂಕುಳು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಂಕುಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwapa" title="Kwapa – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kwapa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axilla" title="Axilla – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Axilla" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paduse" title="Paduse – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Paduse" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%BEastis" title="Pažastis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pažastis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%86" title="کش بن – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کش بن" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketiak" title="Ketiak – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ketiak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B3%CC%A4h-l%C5%8F%CC%A4h-%C3%A2" title="Gó̤h-lŏ̤h-â – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gó̤h-lŏ̤h-â" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Суга – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Суга" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksel" title="Oksel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oksel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%80" title="काखी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="काखी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%8B%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%8B" title="腋の下 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="腋の下" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armhule" title="Armhule – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Armhule" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armhole" title="Armhole – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Armhole" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B3%C5%82_pachowy" title="Dół pachowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dół pachowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axila" title="Axila – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Axila" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axil%C4%83" title="Axilă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Axilă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Подмышка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Подмышка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxter" title="Oxter – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Oxter" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascidda" title="Ascidda – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ascidda" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axilla" title="Axilla – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Axilla" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pazduha" title="Pazduha – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pazduha" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%DA%BE%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%B5" title="بنھەنگڵ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بنھەنگڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%85" title="Пазух – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пазух" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pazuh" title="Pazuh – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pazuh" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9l%C3%A9k" title="Kélék – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kélék" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kainalo" title="Kainalo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kainalo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armh%C3%A5la" title="Armhåla – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Armhåla" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kili-kili" title="Kili-kili – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kili-kili" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95" title="చంక – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="చంక" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89" title="รักแร้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รักแร้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koltuk_alt%C4%B1" title="Koltuk altı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Koltuk altı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пахва – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пахва" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D9%84" title="بغل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بغل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lajeiq" title="Lajeiq – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Lajeiq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scajo" title="Scajo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Scajo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Area of the human body beneath the joint between arm and torso</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the anatomical body part. For the 5th century BCE Roman consul, see <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Servilius_Axilla" title="Gaius Servilius Axilla">Gaius Servilius Axilla</a>.</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Underarm" and "Underarms" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Underarm_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Underarm (disambiguation)">Underarm (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:dimgray; color: white">Axilla</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:ArmpitHair2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/ArmpitHair2.jpg/250px-ArmpitHair2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/ArmpitHair2.jpg/375px-ArmpitHair2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/ArmpitHair2.jpg/500px-ArmpitHair2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4470" data-file-height="3576" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Human axilla</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Artery" title="Artery">Artery</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Axillary_artery" title="Axillary artery">Axillary artery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Vein" title="Vein">Vein</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Axillary_vein" title="Axillary vein">Axillary vein</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nerve" title="Nerve">Nerve</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Axillary_nerve" title="Axillary nerve">Axillary nerve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medial_cord" title="Medial cord">medial cord</a>, <a href="/wiki/Posterior_cord" title="Posterior cord">posterior cord</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lateral_cord" title="Lateral cord">lateral cord</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Lymph" title="Lymph">Lymph</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Axillary_lymph_nodes" title="Axillary lymph nodes">Axillary lymph nodes</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>axilla</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001365">D001365</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/01.1.00.021%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A01.1.00.021</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=140">140</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma24864">24864</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">Anatomical terminology</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q499" class="extiw" title="d:Q499">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>axilla</b> (<abbr title="plural">pl.</abbr>: <b>axillae</b> or <b>axillas</b>; also known as the <b>armpit</b>, <b>underarm</b> or <b>oxter</b>) is the area on the <a href="/wiki/Human_body" title="Human body">human body</a> directly under the <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_joint" title="Shoulder joint">shoulder joint</a>. It includes the <b>axillary space</b>, an <a href="/wiki/Anatomical_space" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatomical space">anatomical space</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_girdle" title="Shoulder girdle">shoulder girdle</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Arm" title="Arm">arm</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Thoracic_cage" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoracic cage">thoracic cage</a>, bounded superiorly by the imaginary <a href="/wiki/Plane_(geometry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plane (geometry)">plane</a> between the superior borders of the <a href="/wiki/First_rib" class="mw-redirect" title="First rib">first rib</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clavicle" title="Clavicle">clavicle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scapula" title="Scapula">scapula</a> (above which are considered part of the <a href="/wiki/Neck" title="Neck">neck</a>), medially by the <a href="/wiki/Serratus_anterior_muscle" title="Serratus anterior muscle">serratus anterior muscle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thoracolumbar_fascia" title="Thoracolumbar fascia">thoracolumbar fascia</a>, anteriorly by the <a href="/wiki/Pectoral_muscles" title="Pectoral muscles">pectoral muscles</a> and posteriorly by the <a href="/wiki/Subscapularis" class="mw-redirect" title="Subscapularis">subscapularis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teres_major" class="mw-redirect" title="Teres major">teres major</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latissimus_dorsi_muscle" title="Latissimus dorsi muscle">latissimus dorsi muscle</a>. </p><p>The soft skin covering the lateral axilla contains many <a href="/wiki/Underarm_hair" title="Underarm hair">hair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweat_gland" title="Sweat gland">sweat glands</a>. In humans, the formation of <a href="/wiki/Body_odor" title="Body odor">body odor</a> happens mostly in the axilla.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These odorant substances have been suggested by some to serve as <a href="/wiki/Pheromone" title="Pheromone">pheromones</a>, which play a role related to <a href="/wiki/Mate_selection" class="mw-redirect" title="Mate selection">mate selection</a>, although this is a controversial topic within the scientific community.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The underarms seem more important than the <a href="/wiki/Pubic_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Pubic area">pubic area</a> for emitting body odor, which may be related to human <a href="/wiki/Bipedalism" title="Bipedalism">bipedalism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boundaries">Boundaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Boundaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anatomically, the boundaries of the <i>axilla</i> are: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td></td> <td><i>superiorly</i>: by the outer border of <a href="/wiki/First_rib" class="mw-redirect" title="First rib">first rib</a>, superior border of <a href="/wiki/Scapula" title="Scapula">scapula</a>, and posterior border of <a href="/wiki/Clavicle" title="Clavicle">clavicle</a><sup id="cite_ref-titleAnaesthesia_UK_:AnaesthesiaUK:_Applied_anatomy_for_upper_limb_blocks_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleAnaesthesia_UK_:AnaesthesiaUK:_Applied_anatomy_for_upper_limb_blocks-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>medially</i>: <a href="/wiki/Serratus_anterior_muscle" title="Serratus anterior muscle">serratus anterior</a><sup id="cite_ref-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by the <a href="/wiki/Rib" title="Rib">ribcage</a> </td> <td><i>anteriorly</i>: by the <a href="/wiki/Pectoralis_major_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Pectoralis major muscle">pectoralis major</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pectoralis_minor_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Pectoralis minor muscle">minor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-titleDissector_Answers_-_Axilla_and_Arm_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleDissector_Answers_-_Axilla_and_Arm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Subclavius_muscle" title="Subclavius muscle">subclavius</a><sup id="cite_ref-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p><i>posteriorly</i>: by the <a href="/wiki/Subscapularis_muscle" title="Subscapularis muscle">subscapularis</a> above, and <a href="/wiki/Teres_major" class="mw-redirect" title="Teres major">teres major</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latissimus_dorsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Latissimus dorsi">latissimus dorsi</a> below<sup id="cite_ref-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td><i>laterally</i>: by the <a href="/wiki/Humerus" title="Humerus">humerus</a> and the surrounding muscles of the arm <a href="/wiki/Coracobrachialis_muscle" title="Coracobrachialis muscle">(coracobrachialis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biceps_brachii_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Biceps brachii muscle">biceps brachii</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>floor/base</i>: by the skin<sup id="cite_ref-titleAnaesthesia_UK_:AnaesthesiaUK:_Applied_anatomy_for_upper_limb_blocks_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleAnaesthesia_UK_:AnaesthesiaUK:_Applied_anatomy_for_upper_limb_blocks-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (visible surface of axilla)</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The lower posterior boundary is called the <b>posterior axillary fold</b> and this is a compound structure consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Latissimus_dorsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Latissimus dorsi">latissimus dorsi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teres_major" class="mw-redirect" title="Teres major">teres major</a> muscles.<sup id="cite_ref-NormanAnatomy|lesson3axilla_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NormanAnatomy|lesson3axilla-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can descend after weight loss.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17602378_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17602378-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The anterior boundary is called the <b>anterior axillary fold</b> and this is rounded in shape and formed by the lower border of the <a href="/wiki/Pectoralis_major" title="Pectoralis major">pectoralis major</a>. Some sources also include the <a href="/wiki/Pectoralis_minor" title="Pectoralis minor">pectoralis minor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NormanAnatomy|lesson3axilla_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NormanAnatomy|lesson3axilla-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can elongate after weight loss.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17602378_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17602378-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The contents of the axilla include the <a href="/wiki/Axillary_vein" title="Axillary vein">axillary vein</a> and <a href="/wiki/Axillary_artery" title="Axillary artery">artery</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Brachial_plexus" title="Brachial plexus">brachial plexus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lymph_nodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymph nodes">lymph nodes</a> and fat. The axilla is the space between the side of the <a href="/wiki/Thorax" title="Thorax">thorax</a> and the upper arm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contents">Contents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axillary_artery" title="Axillary artery">Axillary artery</a> and its branches</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axillary_vein" title="Axillary vein">Axillary vein</a> and its tributaries</li> <li>Infraclavicular part of the <a href="/wiki/Brachial_plexus" title="Brachial plexus">brachial plexus</a></li> <li>Long <a href="/wiki/Thoracic_nerves" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoracic nerves">thoracic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intercostobrachial_nerve" title="Intercostobrachial nerve">intercostobrachial nerves</a></li> <li>Five groups of axillary <a href="/wiki/Lymph_node" title="Lymph node">lymph nodes</a> and the associated <a href="/wiki/Lymphatic_system" title="Lymphatic system">lymphatics</a></li> <li>Axillary <a href="/wiki/Loose_connective_tissue" title="Loose connective tissue">fat and areolar tissue</a> in which the other contents are embedded</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1275594942">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center .gallery{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left .gallery{justify-content:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right .gallery{justify-content:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery.gallery.gallery{line-height:1.35em;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{outline:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{outline:solid #d7d7d7 1px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{background:none!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb img:not([alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]):not([alt*="\200b \200b \200c "]){background:white!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{outline:solid #d7d7d7 1px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{background:none!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb img:not([alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]):not([alt*="\200b \200b \200c "]){background:white!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="title"><div>Anatomy of the axilla</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray410.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Superficial muscles of the chest and front of the arm."><img alt="Superficial muscles of the chest and front of the arm." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray410.png/147px-Gray410.png" decoding="async" width="147" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray410.png/220px-Gray410.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray410.png/294px-Gray410.png 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Superficial muscles of the chest and front of the arm.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray523.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Axillary artery and its branches - anterior view of right upper limb and thorax."><img alt="Axillary artery and its branches - anterior view of right upper limb and thorax." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Gray523.png/150px-Gray523.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Gray523.png/225px-Gray523.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Gray523.png/300px-Gray523.png 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axillary artery and its branches - anterior view of right upper limb and thorax.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray576.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The veins of the right axilla, viewed from in front."><img alt="The veins of the right axilla, viewed from in front." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/150px-Gray576.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/225px-Gray576.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/300px-Gray576.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="403" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The veins of the right axilla, viewed from in front.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray809.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The right brachial plexus (infraclavicular portion) in the axillary fossa; viewed from below and in front."><img alt="The right brachial plexus (infraclavicular portion) in the axillary fossa; viewed from below and in front." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gray809.png/150px-Gray809.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gray809.png/225px-Gray809.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gray809.png/300px-Gray809.png 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The right brachial plexus (infraclavicular portion) in the axillary fossa; viewed from below and in front.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray1215.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The left side of the thorax."><img alt="The left side of the thorax." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gray1215.png/150px-Gray1215.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gray1215.png/225px-Gray1215.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gray1215.png/300px-Gray1215.png 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The left side of the thorax.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide6dj.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Axilla"><img alt="Axilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Slide6dj.JPG/150px-Slide6dj.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Slide6dj.JPG/225px-Slide6dj.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Slide6dj.JPG/300px-Slide6dj.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axilla</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide18d.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Axilla"><img alt="Axilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Slide18d.JPG/150px-Slide18d.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Slide18d.JPG/225px-Slide18d.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Slide18d.JPG/300px-Slide18d.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axilla</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide7bbbb.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Axilla"><img alt="Axilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Slide7bbbb.JPG/150px-Slide7bbbb.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Slide7bbbb.JPG/225px-Slide7bbbb.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Slide7bbbb.JPG/300px-Slide7bbbb.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axilla</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide5DDDD.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Axilla"><img alt="Axilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Slide5DDDD.JPG/150px-Slide5DDDD.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Slide5DDDD.JPG/225px-Slide5DDDD.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Slide5DDDD.JPG/300px-Slide5DDDD.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axilla</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide11DDD.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Axilla"><img alt="Axilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Slide11DDD.JPG/150px-Slide11DDD.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Slide11DDD.JPG/225px-Slide11DDD.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Slide11DDD.JPG/300px-Slide11DDD.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axilla</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide3EE.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Axilla"><img alt="Axilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Slide3EE.JPG/250px-Slide3EE.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Slide3EE.JPG/330px-Slide3EE.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axilla</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide10JJJ.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Axilla"><img alt="Axilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Slide10JJJ.JPG/150px-Slide10JJJ.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Slide10JJJ.JPG/225px-Slide10JJJ.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Slide10JJJ.JPG/300px-Slide10JJJ.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Axilla</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Society and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term "underarm" typically refers to the outer surface of the axilla. However, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably in casual contexts. Colloquially, <i>underarm </i> refers to the hollow beneath the junction of the arm and shoulder.<sup id="cite_ref-titleDefinition_of_armpit_-_Merriam-Webster_Online_Dictionary_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleDefinition_of_armpit_-_Merriam-Webster_Online_Dictionary-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tickling">Tickling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tickling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tickling" title="Tickling">Tickling</a></div> <p>The underarm is a ticklish area due to the number of nerves it contains. Most people find this area to be particularly unpleasant when <a href="/wiki/Tickling" title="Tickling">tickled</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Underarm_hair">Underarm hair</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Underarm hair"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Underarm_hair" title="Underarm hair">Underarm hair</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Underarm_hair" title="Underarm hair">Underarm hair</a> usually grows in the underarms of both <a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">females</a> and <a href="/wiki/Male" title="Male">males</a>, beginning in <a href="/wiki/Puberty" title="Puberty">adolescence</a>. </p><p>In some modern <a href="/wiki/Western_cultures" class="mw-redirect" title="Western cultures">Western cultures</a>, it is common for older women to remove underarm hair. Some view this practice as an <a href="/wiki/Aesthetics" title="Aesthetics">aesthetic</a> matter, while others view its removal for health-related concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As underarm hair grows quickly, removal must be performed frequently, or stubble will appear in the axilla. </p><p>In most culture and scenes, women retain their underarm hair for a variety of reasons, from subversion to egalitarianism to comfort or for hygienic reason.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conversely but uncommonly, some men choose to remove their underarm hair for aesthetic reasons or to reduce <a href="/wiki/Friction" title="Friction">friction</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports">sports</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Swimming_(sport)" title="Swimming (sport)">swimming</a>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1275594942" /><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shaved_arm_pit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shaved underarm"><img alt="Shaved underarm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Shaved_arm_pit.jpg/120px-Shaved_arm_pit.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Shaved_arm_pit.jpg/180px-Shaved_arm_pit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Shaved_arm_pit.jpg/240px-Shaved_arm_pit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="5760" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shaved underarm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arm_pit_%E2%80%93_Juno.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Normal underarm"><img alt="Normal underarm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Arm_pit_%E2%80%93_Juno.jpg/120px-Arm_pit_%E2%80%93_Juno.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Arm_pit_%E2%80%93_Juno.jpg/180px-Arm_pit_%E2%80%93_Juno.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Arm_pit_%E2%80%93_Juno.jpg/240px-Arm_pit_%E2%80%93_Juno.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="5760" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Normal underarm</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like other flexion surfaces of large joints (<a href="/wiki/Groin" title="Groin">groin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Popliteal_fossa" title="Popliteal fossa">popliteal fossa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cubital_fossa" title="Cubital fossa">cubital fossa</a> and essentially the anterior part of the <a href="/wiki/Neck" title="Neck">neck</a>), it is an area where blood vessels and nerves pass relatively superficially, and with an increased amount of <a href="/wiki/Lymph_node" title="Lymph node">lymph nodes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lymphogenic_spread_of_breast_cancer">Lymphogenic spread of breast cancer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Lymphogenic spread of breast cancer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Breast cancer typically spreads via lymphatic vessels to the <a href="/wiki/Lymph_node" title="Lymph node">lymph nodes</a> found in the axilla.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Axillary_intertrigo">Axillary intertrigo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Axillary intertrigo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Excessive <a href="/wiki/Perspiration" title="Perspiration">perspiration</a> without adequate air circulation can result in axillary <a href="/wiki/Intertrigo" title="Intertrigo">intertrigo</a>. Intertrigo is an inflammatory <a href="/wiki/Skin_condition" title="Skin condition">skin condition</a> of skin folds exposed to friction or maceration in the presence of heat and moisture.<sup id="cite_ref-webmd_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webmd-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intertrigo is worsened by infection, usually fungal (<a href="/wiki/Candida_(fungus)" title="Candida (fungus)">Candida</a> yeast species), but also bacterial or viral; warm, wet underarms promote those growths. The condition results in rash-like symptoms, <a href="/wiki/Pustule" class="mw-redirect" title="Pustule">pustules</a>, or chronic itching or burning in the underarm.<sup id="cite_ref-webmd_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webmd-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intertrigo (in any site) has no racial or sexual predilection.<sup id="cite_ref-webmd_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webmd-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Axillary intertrigo is common among those who work in hot environments where air circulation is restricted by necessary clothing or safety equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deodorant" title="Deodorant">Deodorant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perspiration" title="Perspiration">Perspiration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popliteal_fossa" title="Popliteal fossa">Popliteal fossa</a> or "knee pit"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspensory_ligament_of_axilla" title="Suspensory ligament of axilla">Suspensory ligament of axilla</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTurkingtonDover2007" class="citation book cs1">Turkington, Carol; Dover, Jeffrey S. (2007). <i>The encyclopedia of skin and skin disorders</i> (3rd ed.). New York: Facts on File. p. 363. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6403-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6403-8"><bdi>978-0-8160-6403-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopedia+of+skin+and+skin+disorders&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=363&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Facts+on+File&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-6403-8&rft.aulast=Turkington&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.au=Dover%2C+Jeffrey+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAxilla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDrea2015" class="citation journal cs1">Drea, Christine M. (February 2015). "D'scent of man: A comparative survey of primate chemosignaling in relation to sex". <i>Hormones and Behavior</i>. <b>68</b>: <span class="nowrap">117–</span>133. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.yhbeh.2014.08.001">10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.08.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25118943">25118943</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2973690">2973690</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hormones+and+Behavior&rft.atitle=D%27scent+of+man%3A+A+comparative+survey+of+primate+chemosignaling+in+relation+to+sex&rft.volume=68&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E117-%3C%2Fspan%3E133&rft.date=2015-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2973690%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25118943&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.yhbeh.2014.08.001&rft.aulast=Drea&rft.aufirst=Christine+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAxilla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford2007-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford2007_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, Edited by Robin Dunbar and Louise Barret, Oxford University Press, 2007, Chapter 22 Body odours and body odour preferences in humans by Claus Wedekind</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titleAnaesthesia_UK_:AnaesthesiaUK:_Applied_anatomy_for_upper_limb_blocks-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-titleAnaesthesia_UK_:AnaesthesiaUK:_Applied_anatomy_for_upper_limb_blocks_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-titleAnaesthesia_UK_:AnaesthesiaUK:_Applied_anatomy_for_upper_limb_blocks_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081016012019/http://www.anaesthesiauk.com/article.aspx?articleid=100359">"Anaesthesia UK :AnaesthesiaUK: Applied anatomy for upper limb blocks"</a>. Archived from the original on 2008-10-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anaesthesia+UK+%3AAnaesthesiaUK%3A+Applied+anatomy+for+upper+limb+blocks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anaesthesiauk.com%2Farticle.aspx%3Farticleid%3D100359&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAxilla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-titleLAB_#4_PECTORAL_REGION_&_Introduction_to_the_Axilla_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anatomy.iupui.edu/courses/gross-D501/Lab%20Instructions/Lab%204%20pectoral2%20%20region.htm">"LAB #4 PECTORAL REGION & Introduction to the Axilla"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LAB+%234+PECTORAL+REGION+%26+Introduction+to+the+Axilla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanatomy.iupui.edu%2Fcourses%2Fgross-D501%2FLab%2520Instructions%2FLab%25204%2520pectoral2%2520%2520region.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAxilla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titleDissector_Answers_-_Axilla_and_Arm-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-titleDissector_Answers_-_Axilla_and_Arm_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071210033208/http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/limbs/axilla_ans.html">"Dissector Answers - Axilla and Arm"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/limbs/axilla_ans.html#2o">the original</a> on 2007-12-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dissector+Answers+-+Axilla+and+Arm&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanatomy.med.umich.edu%2Flimbs%2Faxilla_ans.html%232o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAxilla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStinglGrimDruga2012" class="citation book cs1">Stingl, Josef; et al. (2012). <i>Regional Anatomy</i>. 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March 9, 2007. Accessed May 21, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGardner2020" class="citation web cs1">Gardner, Stephanie S (14 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/intertrigo-symptoms-causes-treatment-risk_factors_">"Intertrigo"</a>. <i>WebMD</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WebMD&rft.atitle=Intertrigo&rft.date=2020-06-14&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Stephanie+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fskin-problems-and-treatments%2Fguide%2Fintertrigo-symptoms-causes-treatment-risk_factors_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAxilla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axilla&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/axilla" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/axilla">axilla</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Armpits" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Armpits">Armpits</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anatomyguy.com/axilla-and-brachial-plexus/">Step by step Video dissection of the Human Axilla showing all relevant anatomy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pie.med.utoronto.ca/ALND/ALND_content/axillaryAnatomy.html">3D animated overview of axillary anatomy (rich media)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wesnorman.com/lesson3axilla.htm">lesson3axilla</a> at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wesnorman.com/lesson3axillarywalls.htm">lesson3axillarywalls</a> at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/Temple_(anatomy)" title="Temple (anatomy)">Temple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neck" title="Neck">Neck</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam%27s_apple" title="Adam's apple">Adam's apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throat" title="Throat">Throat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nape" title="Nape">Nape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Torso" title="Torso">Torso</a> (Trunk)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdomen" title="Abdomen">Abdomen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waist" title="Waist">Waist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midriff" title="Midriff">Midriff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navel" title="Navel">Navel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertebral_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebral column">Vertebral column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_back" title="Human back">Back</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorax" title="Thorax">Thorax</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breast" title="Breast">Breast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipple" title="Nipple">Nipple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvis" title="Pelvis">Pelvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">Genitalia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_penis" title="Human penis">Penis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum">Scrotum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulva" title="Vulva">Vulva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_anus" title="Human anus">Anus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Limb_(anatomy)" title="Limb (anatomy)">Limbs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arm" title="Arm">Arm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder" title="Shoulder">Shoulder</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Axilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbow" title="Elbow">Elbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forearm" title="Forearm">Forearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrist" title="Wrist">Wrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand" title="Hand">Hand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finger" title="Finger">Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">Fingernail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thumb" title="Thumb">Thumb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_finger" title="Index finger">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_finger" title="Middle finger">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_finger" title="Ring finger">Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_finger" title="Little finger">Little</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_leg" title="Human leg">Leg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buttocks" title="Buttocks">Buttocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip" title="Hip">Hip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thigh" title="Thigh">Thigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee" title="Knee">Knee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calf_(leg)" title="Calf (leg)">Calf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot" title="Foot">Foot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ankle" title="Ankle">Ankle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heel" title="Heel">Heel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toe" title="Toe">Toe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">Toenail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sole_(foot)" title="Sole (foot)">Sole</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox572" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q499#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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