CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>New Catholic Encyclopedia - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"b024b961-32c6-4277-9034-8396939cb443","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"New_Catholic_Encyclopedia","wgTitle":"New Catholic Encyclopedia","wgCurRevisionId":1254475814,"wgRevisionId":1254475814,"wgArticleId":4870549,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013","Cengage books","Christian encyclopedias","Publications established in 1967","McGraw-Hill books","20th-century encyclopedias"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"New_Catholic_Encyclopedia","wgRelevantArticleId": 4870549,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q4116113","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/6b/Cover_of_the_New_Catholic_Encyclopedia_%282_ed%29.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1630"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/6b/Cover_of_the_New_Catholic_Encyclopedia_%282_ed%29.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1086"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="869"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="New Catholic Encyclopedia - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-New_Catholic_Encyclopedia rootpage-New_Catholic_Encyclopedia skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-First_edition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_edition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>First edition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_edition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jubilee_Volume" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jubilee_Volume"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Jubilee Volume</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jubilee_Volume-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_edition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_edition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Second edition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Second_edition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Second edition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Second_edition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reviews" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reviews"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Reviews</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reviews-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supplementation_for_the_second_edition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supplementation_for_the_second_edition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Supplementation for the second edition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supplementation_for_the_second_edition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D8%A9" title="الموسوعة الكاثوليكية الحديثة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الموسوعة الكاثوليكية الحديثة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nueva_Enciclopedia_Cat%C3%B3lica" title="Nueva Enciclopedia Católica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nueva Enciclopedia Católica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="New Catholic Encyclopedia – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="New Catholic Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="New Catholic Encyclopedia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="New Catholic Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="New Catholic Encyclopedia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="New Catholic Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E3%82%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E4%BA%8B%E5%85%B8" title="新カトリック百科事典 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="新カトリック百科事典" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="New Catholic Encyclopedia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="New Catholic Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4116113#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&oldid=1254475814" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&id=1254475814&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNew_Catholic_Encyclopedia"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNew_Catholic_Encyclopedia"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4116113" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English-language reference work</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">New Catholic Encyclopedia <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.author=%5B%5BCatholic+University+of+America%5D%5D&rft.date=1967&rft.pub=%5B%5BMcGraw+Hill%5D%5D&rft.place=%5B%5BUnited+States%5D%5D"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cover_of_the_New_Catholic_Encyclopedia_(2_ed).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6b/Cover_of_the_New_Catholic_Encyclopedia_%282_ed%29.png/220px-Cover_of_the_New_Catholic_Encyclopedia_%282_ed%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/6b/Cover_of_the_New_Catholic_Encyclopedia_%282_ed%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="368" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cover of the NCE 2nd edition</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_America" title="Catholic University of America">Catholic University of America</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/McGraw_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="McGraw Hill">McGraw Hill</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Publication date</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1967</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780787640194" title="Special:BookSources/9780787640194">9780787640194</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a> </i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i><b>New Catholic Encyclopedia</b></i> (<b>NCE</b>) is a multi-volume <a href="/wiki/Reference" title="Reference">reference</a> work on <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> history and belief edited by the faculty of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_America" title="Catholic University of America">Catholic University of America</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> The NCE was originally published in 1967 by <a href="/wiki/McGraw_Hill_Education" title="McGraw Hill Education">McGraw-Hill</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. A second edition, which discarded articles more reminiscent of a general encyclopedia,<sup id="cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubenstein-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was published in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-OFMC_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFMC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like the original <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>, published from 1907–1914, the NCE was meant to be a standard library reference work for clergy, laity, students, teachers, librarians, journalists, and general readers interested in the history, doctrine, practices, and people of the Roman Catholic faith. The 1967 edition added more general and expanded articles on science, education, and the liberal arts plus ecumenism, reflecting the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> of 1962-65.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubenstein-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2002 edition was listed as one of the academic periodical <i><a href="/wiki/Library_Journal" title="Library Journal">Library Journal</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s recommended "Best Reference Sources" for 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_edition">First edition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: First edition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original <i>Catholic Encyclopedia</i> was published between 1907 and 1914, first by the Robert Appleton Company, and then by its successor The Encyclopedic Press Inc. Supplements to the <i>Catholic Encyclopedia</i> were published in 1922 and in 1958. </p><p>In 1960, the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_America" title="Catholic University of America">Catholic University of America</a>, in collaboration with McGraw-Hill, began work on an entirely new encyclopedia. In 1967, the <i>New Catholic Encyclopedia</i> (<i>NCE1</i>) was published in 15 volumes. Alphabetic supplemental volumes appeared in 1974, 1979, 1989, and 1996. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jubilee_Volume">Jubilee Volume</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Jubilee Volume"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2001, in collaboration with the Catholic University of America, <a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale Publishing</a>, a subsidiary of the <a href="/wiki/Thomson_Corporation" title="Thomson Corporation">Thomson Corporation</a>, published a <i>Jubilee Volume: The Wojtyła Years</i>, which focuses on the <a href="/wiki/Pontificate" title="Pontificate">pontificate</a> of Pope <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a> and included thematic essays that covered the person, his work, and pontificate in two parts: </p> <ol><li>From the Poland of Karol Wojtyła to the World of John Paul II — Thematic Essays</li> <li>John Paul II and His Pontificate</li></ol> <p>The second part offers various sections (e.g. "Magisterial Documents", "People and Places, Institutions and Events"), the content for each of which is arranged with entries in alphabetical order. </p><p>At times listed as volume 20 of <i>NCE1,</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was envisioned by the editor "not so much as a supplement to the original edition as a <i><a href="/wiki/Prop%C3%A6dia" title="Propædia">propaedia</a>,</i> a preamble, to the revised edition of the <i>NCE</i>",<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was to follow a year later. Some of the material of the <i>Jubilee Volume</i> appeared in later supplements, notably the 2010 supplement to <i>NCE2</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_edition">Second edition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second edition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The second edition of the <i>New Catholic Encyclopedia</i> (<i>NCE2</i>) incorporated material from the original first edition of 1967 and its supplements of the <a href="/wiki/1970s" title="1970s">1970s</a>, <a href="/wiki/1980s" title="1980s">1980s</a> and <a href="/wiki/1990s" title="1990s">1990s</a>, along with further additions and revisions. It was published in 2002 by Gale Publishing in 14 volumes, with a fifteenth volume consisting of a cumulative index to the entire encyclopedia.<sup id="cite_ref-OFMC_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFMC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Supplemental volumes later appeared for this second edition. </p><p>In addition to the hundreds of new signed articles on a wide variety of topics, the 2002 edition also featured biographies of contemporary religious figures; thousands of photographs, maps and illustrations; and some updated bibliographical citations. The photographs remained printed in black and white.<sup id="cite_ref-Sutter_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original volumes of <i>NCE2</i> are: </p> <ul><li>Volume 1: A–Azt.<sup id="cite_ref-V16_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 2: Baa–Cam.<sup id="cite_ref-V22_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V22-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 3: Cam–Col.<sup id="cite_ref-V32_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V32-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 4: Com–Dyn.<sup id="cite_ref-V42_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V42-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 5: Ead–Fre.<sup id="cite_ref-V52_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V52-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 6: Fri–Hoh.<sup id="cite_ref-V62_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V62-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 7: Hol–Jub.<sup id="cite_ref-V72_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V72-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 8: Job–Lyo.<sup id="cite_ref-V82_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V82-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 9: Mab–Mor.<sup id="cite_ref-V92_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V92-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 10: Mos–Pat.<sup id="cite_ref-V102_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V102-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 11: Pau–Red.<sup id="cite_ref-V112_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V112-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 12: Ref–Sep.<sup id="cite_ref-V122_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V122-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 13: Seq–The.<sup id="cite_ref-V132_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V132-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 14: Thi–Zwi.<sup id="cite_ref-V142_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V142-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Volume 15: Index.<sup id="cite_ref-V152_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V152-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reviews">Reviews</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reviews"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>NCE2</i> received mixed reviews. While applauding the effort,<sup id="cite_ref-Sutter_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reviewers found the updating to be spotty, for example, many bibliographies were not updated, new notable buildings were omitted, and important new research results were not included.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubenstein-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, a large number of articles and 3.5 million words that appeared in <i>NCE1</i> were omitted entirely.<sup id="cite_ref-Malcheski_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malcheski-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An editor, Berard Marthaler, said that the reduction in size "had to be done with a meat cleaver, not a scalpel."<sup id="cite_ref-OFMC_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFMC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Controversial subjects were, to some extent, avoided in the second edition; for example, as Jan Malcheski and Herman Sutter both noted in their reviews, an article from the 1996 <i>NCE1</i> supplement on pedophilia was omitted in the <i>NCE2</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubenstein-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sutter_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Malcheski_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malcheski-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tone of the multi-author work was also variable, from older, scholarly articles such as the one on "Aristotle", to those pitched for a more general audience such as the article on "Joy".<sup id="cite_ref-Sutter_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutter-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supplementation_for_the_second_edition">Supplementation for the second edition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Supplementation for the second edition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the summer of 2006, the publisher Gale and the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_America_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic University of America Press">Catholic University of America Press</a> developed a plan for ongoing updating of the second edition in print and electronic (eBook) formats.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan indicated a special focus on the United States.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="why (January 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The planned new entries included biographies as well as articles on movements, organizations, documents and ideas that are either Catholic or of special interest to Catholics. </p><p>The first of these <i>New Catholic Encyclopedia</i> supplemental volumes, Supplement 2009, was published electronically in June 2009 and in print in November 2009. It focused on the theme of "Science and the Church", and contained new articles like ones on <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Trisco_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trisco-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also updated the articles on the Catholic Church in each of the fifty states, as well as the 33 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_dioceses_(structured_view)" title="List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)">US archdiocese</a> articles. It contains a much updated bibliography. Most of the editors now belong to Catholic institutions other than the Catholic University of America.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Supplement 2010, published in June 2010, focused on the theme "Church in Modern History", with particular emphasis on World War II and thereafter. It included about 200 entries on people <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatified</a> or <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonized</a> since 2003. Most of the beatified were new entries, while most of the saints were revisions of previous articles, although overall the 2010 supplement had more new entries than revised (updated) ones. </p><p>Supplement 2011 focused on the theme "Church and the Arts and Music"; among its new articles were one on the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">sex abuse crisis</a> and one on <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>, as well as new entries on St. <a href="/wiki/Mary_MacKillop" title="Mary MacKillop">Mary Helen McKillop</a> (1842–1907) and St. <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Bessette" title="André Bessette">Andre Bessette</a> (1845–1937).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Ethics and Philosophy" was the theme for the 2012–2013 supplement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/48px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/64px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Books" title="Portal:Books">Books portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i> (1914)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rubenstein-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rubenstein_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubinstein,_Ernest_H.2004" class="citation journal cs1">Rubinstein, Ernest H. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.commonwealmagazine.org/new-new-catholic-encyclopedia">"The 'new' New Catholic Encyclopedia: something lost--3.5 million words--something gained?"</a>. <i>Commonweal</i>. <b>131</b> (18): 22 ff.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commonweal&rft.atitle=The+%27new%27+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia%3A+something+lost--3.5+million+words--something+gained%3F&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=18&rft.pages=22+ff&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Rubinstein%2C+Ernest+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.commonwealmagazine.org%2Fnew-new-catholic-encyclopedia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OFMC-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OFMC_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OFMC_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OFMC_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030627201941/http://www.ofmconv.org/English/NewsArchives/2002CathEncyc.htm">"Publication of the 2002 New Catholic Encyclopedia"</a>. The Order of Friars Minor Conventual. 5 November 2002. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ofmconv.org/English/NewsArchives/2002CathEncyc.htm">the original</a> on 27 June 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Publication+of+the+2002+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=The+Order+of+Friars+Minor+Conventual&rft.date=2002-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ofmconv.org%2FEnglish%2FNewsArchives%2F2002CathEncyc.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoutts,_Brian_E.McConnell,_Tamara2004" class="citation journal cs1">Coutts, Brian E. & McConnell, Tamara (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libraryjournal.com/lj/ljinprintcurrentissue/871849-403/best_reference_2003.html.csp">"Best Reference 2003"</a>. <i>Library Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130125220808/http://www.libraryjournal.com/lj/ljinprintcurrentissue/871849-403/best_reference_2003.html.csp">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Journal&rft.atitle=Best+Reference+2003&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Coutts%2C+Brian+E.&rft.au=McConnell%2C+Tamara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.libraryjournal.com%2Flj%2Fljinprintcurrentissue%2F871849-403%2Fbest_reference_2003.html.csp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_dERAQAAIAAJ">"New Catholic Encyclopedia: Jubilee Volume (The Wojtyla Years) (Vol 20)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia%3A+Jubilee+Volume+%28The+Wojtyla+Years%29+%28Vol+20%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_dERAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarthaler2001" class="citation book cs1">Marthaler, Berard L. (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newcatholicencyc00gale"><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, Jubilee Volume The Wojtyla Years</i></a></span>. Catholic University of America. Detroit: Thomson/Gale. p. xiii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780787647872" title="Special:BookSources/9780787647872"><bdi>9780787647872</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50723247">50723247</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia%2C+Jubilee+Volume+The+Wojtyla+Years&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pages=xiii&rft.pub=Thomson%2FGale&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50723247&rft.isbn=9780787647872&rft.aulast=Marthaler&rft.aufirst=Berard+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewcatholicencyc00gale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sutter-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sutter_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sutter_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sutter_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sutter_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSutter,_Herman2003" class="citation journal cs1">Sutter, Herman (2003). "New Catholic Encyclopedia". <i>School Library Journal</i>. <b>49</b> (2): 91.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=School+Library+Journal&rft.atitle=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=91&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Sutter%2C+Herman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V16-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V16_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-1.pdf">"Volume 1: A–Azt"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 1 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+1%3A+A%E2%80%93Azt&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V22-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V22_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-2.pdf">"Volume 2: Baa-Cam"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 2 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+2%3A+Baa-Cam&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V32-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V32_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-3.pdf">"Volume 3: Cam–Col"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 3 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+3%3A+Cam%E2%80%93Col&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V42-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V42_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-4.pdf">"Volume 4: Com–Dyn"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 4 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+4%3A+Com%E2%80%93Dyn&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V52-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V52_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-5.pdf">"Volume 5: Ead–Fre"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 5 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+5%3A+Ead%E2%80%93Fre&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V62-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V62_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-6.pdf">"Volume 6: Fri–Hoh"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 6 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+6%3A+Fri%E2%80%93Hoh&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-6.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V72-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V72_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-7.pdf">"Volume 7: Hol–Jub"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 7 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+7%3A+Hol%E2%80%93Jub&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V82-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V82_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-8.pdf">"Volume 8: Job–Lyo"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 8 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+8%3A+Job%E2%80%93Lyo&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V92-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V92_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-9.pdf">"Volume 9: Mab–Mor"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 9 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+9%3A+Mab%E2%80%93Mor&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-9.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V102-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V102_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-10.pdf">"Volume 10: Mos–Pat"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 10 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+10%3A+Mos%E2%80%93Pat&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V112-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V112_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-11.pdf">"Volume 11: Pau–Red"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 11 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+11%3A+Pau%E2%80%93Red&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-11.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V122-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V122_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-12.pdf">"Volume 12: Ref–Sep"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 12 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+12%3A+Ref%E2%80%93Sep&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V132-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V132_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-13.pdf">"Volume 13: Seq–The"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 13 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+13%3A+Seq%E2%80%93The&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-13.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V142-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V142_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-14.pdf">"Volume 14: Thi–Zwi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 14 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+14%3A+Thi%E2%80%93Zwi&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-14.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V152-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V152_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cvdvn.files.wordpress.com/2018/05/new-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-15.pdf">"Volume 15: Index"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>The New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>, vol. 15 (2nd ed.), Gale, 2003</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Volume+15%3A+Index&rft.btitle=The+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Gale&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcvdvn.files.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fnew-catholic-encyclopedia-vol-15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Malcheski-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Malcheski_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malcheski_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalcheski,_Jan2003" class="citation web cs1">Malcheski, Jan (June 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030831132921/http://www.atla.com/member/librarians_tools/reference_reviews/review0603.html">"ATLANTIS Reference Reviews: New Catholic Encyclopedia"</a>. American Theological Library Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atla.com/member/librarians_tools/reference_reviews/review0603.html">the original</a> on 31 August 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ATLANTIS+Reference+Reviews%3A+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=American+Theological+Library+Association&rft.date=2003-06&rft.au=Malcheski%2C+Jan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atla.com%2Fmember%2Flibrarians_tools%2Freference_reviews%2Freview0603.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cengage.com/search/showresults.do?N=197%204294921852&Nr=197&Ntk=APG&Ntt=New%20Catholic%20Encyclopedia&Ntx=mode+matchallpartial">"Library Research Search = New Catholic Encyclopedia - eBook - Gale"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Library+Research+Search+%3D+New+Catholic+Encyclopedia+-+eBook+-+Gale&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cengage.com%2Fsearch%2Fshowresults.do%3FN%3D197%25204294921852%26Nr%3D197%26Ntk%3DAPG%26Ntt%3DNew%2520Catholic%2520Encyclopedia%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchallpartial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trisco-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Trisco_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrsico2010" class="citation journal cs1">Trsico, Robert (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=googlescholar&id=GALE%7CA240618546&v=2.1&it=r&sid=googleScholar&asid=a90c1ee9">"New Catholic Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>The Catholic Historical Review</i>. <b>96</b> (4): 873.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Catholic+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=873&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Trsico&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgo.gale.com%2Fps%2Fi.do%3Fp%3DAONE%26u%3Dgooglescholar%26id%3DGALE%257CA240618546%26v%3D2.1%26it%3Dr%26sid%3DgoogleScholar%26asid%3Da90c1ee9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span> A review of the 2009 supplement.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHayes2009" class="citation journal cs1">Hayes, Elyse (December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theolib.atla.com/theolib/article/download/115/350/">"New Catholic Encyclopedia Supplement 2009"</a>. <i>Theological Librarianship</i>. <b>2, 2</b> (2). American Theological Library Association: 109–111. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31046%2Ftl.v2i2.115">10.31046/tl.v2i2.115</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theological+Librarianship&rft.atitle=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia+Supplement+2009&rft.volume=2%2C2&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=109-111&rft.date=2009-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31046%2Ftl.v2i2.115&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Elyse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheolib.atla.com%2Ftheolib%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F115%2F350%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128173307/http://booknews.com/ref_issues/ref_oct2011/cenglear1.html">"New Catholic encyclopedia supplement 2011; 2v"</a>. <i>Reference & Research Book News</i>. October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://booknews.com/ref_issues/ref_oct2011/cenglear1.html">the original</a> on January 28, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reference+%26+Research+Book+News&rft.atitle=New+Catholic+encyclopedia+supplement+2011%3B+2v.&rft.date=2011-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooknews.com%2Fref_issues%2Fref_oct2011%2Fcenglear1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Catholic+Encyclopedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, 1st edition;</i> 19 volumes (incl. four supplements), William McDonald (ed.) (McGraw-Hill Book Company in association with The Catholic University of America, 1967–1996).</li> <li><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, Jubilee Volume: The Wojtyła Years</i>, Berard L. Marthaler (ed.) (Detroit: Gale Cengage Learning in association with The Catholic University of America, 2001).</li> <li><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd edition;</i> 15 volumes (Detroit: Gale Cengage Learning in association with The Catholic University of America, 2003).</li> <li><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd edition,</i> Supplement 2009 (Detroit: Gale Cengage Learning in association with The Catholic University of America, 2009).</li> <li><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd edition,</i> Supplement 2010 (Detroit: Gale Cengage Learning in association with The Catholic University of America, 2010).</li> <li><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd edition,</i> Supplement 2011, Robert L. Fastiggi (ed.) (Detroit: Gale Cengage Learning in association with The Catholic University of America, 2011).</li> <li><i>New Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd edition,</i> Supplement 2012–2013; 4 volumes, Robert L. Fastiggi (ed.) (Detroit: Gale Cengage Learning in association with The Catholic University of America, 2013).</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&oldid=1254475814">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&oldid=1254475814</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cengage_books" title="Category:Cengage books">Cengage books</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christian_encyclopedias" title="Category:Christian encyclopedias">Christian encyclopedias</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Publications_established_in_1967" title="Category:Publications established in 1967">Publications established in 1967</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:McGraw-Hill_books" title="Category:McGraw-Hill books">McGraw-Hill books</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_encyclopedias" title="Category:20th-century encyclopedias">20th-century encyclopedias</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2013" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013">Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 31 October 2024, at 04:28<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Catholic_Encyclopedia&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-bnzx6","wgBackendResponseTime":120,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.432","walltime":"0.573","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2449,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":50237,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2132,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":95105,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 530.530 1 -total"," 37.79% 200.490 1 Template:Reflist"," 23.84% 126.465 1 Template:Infobox_book"," 20.25% 107.449 1 Template:Infobox"," 17.75% 94.181 1 Template:Short_description"," 15.74% 83.511 6 Template:Cite_journal"," 11.38% 60.355 15 Template:Citation"," 10.55% 55.946 6 Template:Main_other"," 10.52% 55.838 1 Template:ISBNT"," 10.07% 53.423 1 Template:SDcat"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.262","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7336583,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-wkmgf","timestamp":"20241122235306","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"New Catholic Encyclopedia","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Catholic_Encyclopedia","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4116113","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4116113","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-04-23T22:48:57Z","dateModified":"2024-10-31T04:28:36Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/6\/6b\/Cover_of_the_New_Catholic_Encyclopedia_%282_ed%29.png","headline":"English-language Christian theological encyclopedia with a focus on the Catholic Church"}</script> </body> </html>