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href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ku"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wîkîpediya Atom Feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:Guhertin%C3%AAn_daw%C3%AE&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Gelên_îranî rootpage-Gelên_îranî skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Here naverokê</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Malper"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menuya esasî" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menuya esasî</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menuya esasî</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navîgasyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Destp%C3%AAk" title="Here Destpêkê [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Destpêk · Sereta</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:B%C3%BByer%C3%AAn_rojane" title="Der barê bûyerên dawî de agahiyên nûjen bibîne"><span>Bûyerên rojane</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:R%C3%BBpela_tesaduf%C3%AE" title="Rûpeleke ketober bar bike [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rûpeleke ketober</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Beşdarî" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Beşdarî" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beşdarî </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:Portala_kom%C3%AA" title="Agahdarî li ser projeyê, tu dikarî çi bikî, tu dikarî tiştan li ku bibînî"><span>Portala komê</span></a></li><li id="n-Dîwana-Wîkîpediyayê" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:D%C3%AEwan"><span>Dîwana Wîkîpediyayê</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:Guhertin%C3%AAn_daw%C3%AE" title="Lîsteya guhartinên dawî di vê wîkiyê de [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Guhartinên dawî</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:Al%C3%AEkar%C3%AE" title="Bersivên ji bo pirsên te."><span>Alîkarî</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Destp%C3%AAk" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wîkîpediya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ku.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensîklopediya azad" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ku.svg" width="112" height="14" style="width: 7em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:L%C3%AAger%C3%AEn" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Lêgerîn</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere" aria-label="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Taybet:Lêgerîn"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Lêgerîn</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Amûrên kesane"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Xuyakirin"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Xuyakirin" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Xuyakirin</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ku.wikipedia.org&uselang=ku" class=""><span>Bexş bike</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CreateAccount&returnto=Gel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" title="Em pêşniyar dikin ku tu ji xwe re hesabek çêbikî û bi wê hesabê têkevî, lêbelê ev ne mecbûrî ye." class=""><span>Hesabekî çêke</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UserLogin&returnto=Gel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" title="Têketina we dê baş be; lê belê, lê pêwîstî tune ye. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Têkeve</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Zêdetir opsiyon" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Amûrên kesane" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Amûrên kesane</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ku.wikipedia.org&uselang=ku"><span>Bexş bike</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CreateAccount&returnto=Gel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" title="Em pêşniyar dikin ku tu ji xwe re hesabek çêbikî û bi wê hesabê têkevî, lêbelê ev ne mecbûrî ye."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesabekî çêke</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UserLogin&returnto=Gel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" title="Têketina we dê baş be; lê belê, lê pêwîstî tune ye. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Têkeve</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Rûpelên ji bo edîtorên derketî <a href="/wiki/Al%C3%AEkar%C3%AE:Gav%C3%AAn_p%C3%AA%C5%9F%C3%AEn" aria-label="Di derbarê guhartinê de zêdetir hîn bibe"><span>Zêdetir hîn bibe</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:MyContributions" title="Lîsteyeke guhartinên ji vê IP adresê [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Beşdariyên min</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Gotûbêj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Malper"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Naverok" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Naverok</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Destpêk</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etîmolojî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etîmolojî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etîmolojî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etîmolojî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dîrok_û_wargeh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dîrok_û_wargeh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dîrok û wargeh</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dîrok_û_wargeh-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Dîrok û wargeh bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dîrok_û_wargeh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rehên_hind_û_ewropî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rehên_hind_û_ewropî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Rehên hind û ewropî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rehên_hind_û_ewropî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Proto-hind_û_îranî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proto-hind_û_îranî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Proto-hind û îranî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proto-hind_û_îranî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çanda_Sintashta–Petrovka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çanda_Sintashta–Petrovka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Çanda Sintashta–Petrovka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çanda_Sintashta–Petrovka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çanda_Andronovo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çanda_Andronovo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Çanda Andronovo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çanda_Andronovo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Îraniyên_rojavayî_û_rojhilatî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Îraniyên_rojavayî_û_rojhilatî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Îraniyên rojavayî û rojhilatî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Îraniyên_rojavayî_û_rojhilatî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gelên_îranî_yên_Rojava" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gelên_îranî_yên_Rojava"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Gelên îranî yên Rojava</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gelên_îranî_yên_Rojava-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gelên_rojhilatî_yên_Îranê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gelên_rojhilatî_yên_Îranê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Gelên rojhilatî yên Îranê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gelên_rojhilatî_yên_Îranê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demografî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genetîk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genetîk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Genetîk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genetîk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gel,_ziman_û_welat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gel,_ziman_û_welat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gel, ziman û welat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gel,_ziman_û_welat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Gel, ziman û welat bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gel,_ziman_û_welat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rojavayî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rojavayî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Rojavayî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rojavayî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Başûrî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Başûrî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Başûrî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Başûrî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bakurî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakurî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Bakurî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakurî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rojhilatî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rojhilatî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Rojhilatî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rojhilatî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Binêre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Binêre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Binêre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Binêre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çavkanî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çavkanî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Çavkanî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çavkanî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Naverok" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tabloya naverokê bigre/veke" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tabloya naverokê bigre/veke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gelên îranî</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Here gotareke bi zimanekî din. Bi 61 zimanan heye." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bi 61 zimanên din</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irannese_volke" title="Irannese volke – afrîkansî" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Irannese volke" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrîkansî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="إيرانيون – erebî" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيرانيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="erebî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0randilli_xalqlar" title="İrandilli xalqlar – azerî" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İrandilli xalqlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ایران دیللی خالقلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایران دیللی خالقلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Ирански народи – bulgarî" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ирански народи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%8F%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9F%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཏ་ཟིག་གི་མི། – tîbetî" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཏ་ཟིག་གི་མི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tîbetî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranski_narodi" title="Iranski narodi – bosnî" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Iranski narodi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A0nics" title="Irànics – katalanî" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Irànics" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%95%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="گەلانی ئێرانی – soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گەلانی ئێرانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dr%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rody" title="Íránské národy – çekî" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Íránské národy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="çekî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranske_folkeslag" title="Iranske folkeslag – danmarkî" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Iranske folkeslag" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danmarkî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranische_V%C3%B6lker" title="Iranische Völker – almanî" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Iranische Völker" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="almanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ear%C3%AA_%C4%B0ranki" title="Şarê İranki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Şarê İranki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%AF" title="Ιρανοί – yewnanî" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιρανοί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="yewnanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples – îngilîzî" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Iranian peoples" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="îngilîzî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranaj_popoloj" title="Iranaj popoloj – esperantoyî" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Iranaj popoloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="gotara bijartî"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblos_iranios" title="Pueblos iranios – spanî" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblos iranios" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraani_rahvad" title="Iraani rahvad – estonî" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Iraani rahvad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irandar_herriak" title="Irandar herriak – baskî" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Irandar herriak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="مردمان ایرانی‌تبار – farisî" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردمان ایرانی‌تبار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="farisî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peuples_iraniens" title="Peuples iraniens – fransî" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peuples iraniens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="איראנים – îbranî" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איראנים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="îbranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranski_narodi" title="Iranski narodi – xirwatî" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Iranski narodi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xirwatî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A1ni_n%C3%A9pek" title="Iráni népek – mecarî" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iráni népek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mecarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_suku_bangsa_Iran" title="Rumpun suku bangsa Iran – endonezî" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun suku bangsa Iran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="endonezî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5I%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="ХIирана къамаш – îngûşî" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ХIирана къамаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="îngûşî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranici" title="Iranici – îtalî" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Iranici" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="îtalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E7%B3%BB%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="イラン系民族 – japonî" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イラン系民族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ირანელი ხალხები – gurcî" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ირანელი ხალხები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gurcî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%9E%80%EC%A1%B1" title="이란족 – koreyî" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이란족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%C4%97nai" title="Iranėnai – lîtwanî" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Iranėnai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lîtwanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C4%81%C5%86u_tautas" title="Irāņu tautas – latviyayî" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Irāņu tautas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latviyayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranianina_(vahoaka)" title="Iranianina (vahoaka) – malagasî" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Iranianina (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80_(%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3)" title="इराणी (निःसंदिग्धीकरण) – maratî" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इराणी (निःसंदिग्धीकरण)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsa_Iran" title="Bangsa Iran – malezî" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bangsa Iran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malezî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="ئیرونی تبارون – mazenderanî" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ئیرونی تبارون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenderanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="इरानेली जाति – nepalî" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इरानेली जाति" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraanse_volkeren" title="Iraanse volkeren – holendî" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Iraanse volkeren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holendî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranske_folk" title="Iranske folk – norwecî (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Iranske folk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norwecî (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%BC%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Ирайнаг адæмтæ – osetî" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ирайнаг адæмтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludy_ira%C5%84skie" title="Ludy irańskie – polonî" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludy irańskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povos_iranianos" title="Povos iranianos – portugalî" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Povos iranianos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Иранские народы – rûsî" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иранские народы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rûsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranski_narodi" title="Iranski narodi – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Iranski narodi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranic_peoples" title="Iranic peoples – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Iranic peoples" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranski_narodi" title="Iranski narodi – slovenî" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Iranski narodi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranik" title="Iranik – elbanî" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Iranik" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="elbanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Ирански народи – sirbî" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ирански народи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sirbî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urang_Iran" title="Urang Iran – sundanî" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Urang Iran" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranska_folk" title="Iranska folk – swêdî" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Iranska folk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="swêdî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%88%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="ஈரானிய மக்கள் – tamîlî" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஈரானிய மக்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamîlî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мардумони эронитабор – tacikî" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мардумони эронитабор" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tacikî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="กลุ่มชนอิหร่าน – tayî" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มชนอิหร่าน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ran_halklar%C4%B1" title="İran halkları – tirkî" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İran halkları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tirkî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Іранські народи – ukraynî" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іранські народи" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraynî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF" title="ایرانی لوگ – urdûyî" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایرانی لوگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdûyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eroniy_xalqlar" title="Eroniy xalqlar – ozbekî" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Eroniy xalqlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbekî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1c_d%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%99c_Iran" title="Các dân tộc Iran – viyetnamî" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Các dân tộc Iran" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="viyetnamî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BA%BA" title="伊朗人 – çîniya wuyî" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊朗人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="çîniya wuyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ირანალი კათეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ირანალი კათეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BA%BA" title="伊朗人 – çînî" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊朗人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="çînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1672477#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Girêdanên navzimanî sererast bike" class="wbc-editpage">Girêdanan biguhêre</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Valahiya nav"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE" title="Li rûpela naverokê binêre [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Gotar</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAj:Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE" rel="discussion" title="Gotûbêj li ser rûpela naverokê [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Gotûbêj</span></a></li> </ul> 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class="ca-variants-ku-Arab mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&variant=ku-arab" lang="ku-Arab" hreflang="ku-Arab"><span>Tîpên erebî</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-ku-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&variant=ku-latn" lang="ku-Latn" hreflang="ku-Latn"><span>Tîpên latînî</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Dîtin"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE"><span>Bixwîne</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit" title="Vê rûpelê biguhêre [v]" 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href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ku" title="Dosyeyan bar bike [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Wêneyekî bar bike</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:SpecialPages" title="Lîsteya hemû rûpelên taybetî [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Rûpelên taybet</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&oldid=1875547" title="Lînka daîmî yê ji bo vê revizyona rûpelê"><span>Girêdana daîmî</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=info" title="Bêhtir agahî di derbarê vê rûpelê de"><span>Agahiyên rûpelê</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CiteThisPage&page=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&id=1875547&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Agahdariya li ser qalkirina rûpelê"><span>Qalkirina rûpelê bibîne</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fku.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGel%25C3%25AAn_%25C3%25AEran%25C3%25AE"><span>URLya kurt çêke</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fku.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGel%25C3%25AAn_%25C3%25AEran%25C3%25AE"><span>Koda QRyê daxîne</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çap bike/derxîne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:DownloadAsPdf&page=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=show-download-screen"><span>Wek PDF daxe</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Guhartoya çapkirinê ya vê rûpelê [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Guhartoya çapkirinê</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Di projeyên din de </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Iranian_peoples" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1672477" title="Girêdana ji hêmana eleqedar yê di embara daneyan de re [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Hêmana Wîkîdaneyê</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Amûrên rûpelê"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Xuyakirin"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Xuyakirin</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ji Wîkîpediya, ensîklopediya azad.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ku" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1122105">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Gelên îranî</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Iranian_Languages.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Iranian_Languages.PNG/220px-Iranian_Languages.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Iranian_Languages.PNG/330px-Iranian_Languages.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Iranian_Languages.PNG/440px-Iranian_Languages.PNG 2x" data-file-width="781" data-file-height="581" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Gelhe tevahî</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">185–235 mio.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Herêmên ku lê şêniyên sereke ne</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Ziman</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AAn_%C3%8Eran%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimanên Îranî">Zimanên Îranî</a> <br /> (Rojavayî û Rojhilatî)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Baweriya dînî</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Eslam" title="Îslam">Îslam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xiristiyan%C3%AE" title="Xiristiyanî">xiristiyanî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cih%C3%BBt%C3%AE" title="Cihûtî">cihûtî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zerde%C5%9Ft%C3%AE" title="Zerdeştî">zerdeştî</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Azd%C3%AEt%C3%AE" title="Êzdîtî">êzdîtî</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Têkildarên komên etnîkî</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Hind" class="mw-redirect" title="Hind">Hind</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gelên Arî</b> komeke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Etno-lengu%C3%AEst%C3%AEk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etno-lenguîstîk (rûpel hê tune)">etno-lenguîstîk</a> a <a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AAn_hind_%C3%BB_ewrop%C3%AE" title="Zimanên hind û ewropî">hind û ewropî</a> ye ku bi zimanên curbicur ên <a href="/wiki/Hind_%C3%BB_%C3%AEran%C3%AE" title="Hind û îranî">hind û îranî</a> diaxivin. Di vê komê de gelên wek <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7" title="Belûç">belûç</a>, <a href="/wiki/Os%C3%AAt" title="Osêt">oset</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pam%C3%AEr%C3%AE" title="Pamîrî">pamîrî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%9Ft%C3%BBn" title="Peştûn">peştûn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faris" class="mw-redirect" title="Faris">faris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tac%C3%AEkistan" title="Tacîkistan">tacîk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wexan%C3%AE_(gel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wexanî (gel) (rûpel hê tune)">wexanî</a> û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yexnab%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yexnabî (rûpel hê tune)">yexnabî</a> hene. Belavbûna vê komê li ser deşta Îranê ji <a href="/wiki/%C3%87iyay%C3%AAn_Hindok%C3%BB%C5%9F%C3%AA" title="Çiyayên Hindokûşê">Çiyayên Hindokûşê</a> heta <a href="/wiki/Anatolya_Nav%C3%AEn" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatolya Navîn">Anatolyaya Navîn</a> û ji <a href="/wiki/Asyaya_Navend%C3%AE" title="Asyaya Navendî">Asyaya Navendî</a> heta <a href="/wiki/Kendava_Fars%C3%AA" title="Kendava Farsê">Kendava Farsê</a> belav bûne. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Proto-%C3%8Eran%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Îranî">Proto-Îranî</a> di nîveka hezarsala duyemê <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de wek şaxeke cuda yên hind û îranî derketine holê.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di serdemên xwe yê pêşketinê de, di hezarsala yekemê <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de axa gelên îranî li seranserê <a href="/w/index.php?title=De%C5%9Fta_Ewrasyay%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deşta Ewrasyayê (rûpel hê tune)">Deşta Ewrasyayê</a>, ji <a href="/w/index.php?title=De%C5%9Fta_Mecaristana_Mezin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deşta Mecaristana Mezin (rûpel hê tune)">Deşta Mecaristana Mezin</a>, li aliyê rojava heta <a href="/w/index.php?title=De%C5%9Fta_Ordos%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deşta Ordosê (rûpel hê tune)">Deşta Ordosê</a> û li aliyê rojhilat ve jî heta <a href="/w/index.php?title=De%C5%9Fta_%C3%8Eran%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deşta Îranê (rûpel hê tune)">Deşta Îranê</a> berfireh bûye.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di nav gelên îranî yên îro de gelên wekî <a href="/wiki/Kurd" title="Kurd">kurd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7" title="Belûç">belûç</a>, <a href="/wiki/Os%C3%AAt" title="Osêt">oset</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pam%C3%AEr%C3%AE" title="Pamîrî">pamîrî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%9Ft%C3%BBn" title="Peştûn">peştûn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fars" class="mw-redirect" title="Fars">fars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tat" title="Tat">tat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tac%C3%AEk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tacîk (rûpel hê tune)">tacîk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wexan%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wexanî (rûpel hê tune)">wexanî</a> û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yexnab%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yexnabî (rûpel hê tune)">yexnabî</a> hene. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etîmolojî"><span id="Et.C3.AEmoloj.C3.AE"></span>Etîmolojî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Beşê biguhêre: Etîmolojî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Etîmolojî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peyva îranî rasterast ji farisiya navîn <i>ērān</i> / <i>aeran</i> (𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭) û aryaniya partî tê. Peyvên îraniya navîn <i>ērān</i> û <i>aryān</i> formên pirhejmarî yên jentîlîkî <i>ēr</i>- (di farisiya navîn) û <i>ary</i>- (di partî de) ne, her du jî ji îraniya kevn, <i>ariya</i>- (𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹) û avestayî ya <i>airiia</i>- (𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀) -<i>arya</i>, tên.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dîrok_û_wargeh"><span id="D.C3.AErok_.C3.BB_wargeh"></span>Dîrok û wargeh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Beşê biguhêre: Dîrok û wargeh" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dîrok û wargeh"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rehên_hind_û_ewropî"><span id="Reh.C3.AAn_hind_.C3.BB_ewrop.C3.AE"></span>Rehên hind û ewropî</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Beşê biguhêre: Rehên hind û ewropî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Rehên hind û ewropî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Proto-hind_û_îranî"><span id="Proto-hind_.C3.BB_.C3.AEran.C3.AE"></span>Proto-hind û îranî</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Beşê biguhêre: Proto-hind û îranî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Proto-hind û îranî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Indo-Iranian_origins.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Indo-Iranian_origins.png/220px-Indo-Iranian_origins.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Indo-Iranian_origins.png/330px-Indo-Iranian_origins.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Indo-Iranian_origins.png/440px-Indo-Iranian_origins.png 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>Çandên arkeolojîk ên ku bi koçên hind û îranî re têkildar in (piştî EIEC). Çandên Andronovo, BMAC û Yaz bi gelemperî bi wê re têkildar bûne.</figcaption></figure> <p>Proto-hind û îranî bi gelemperî bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87anda_Sintashta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çanda Sintashta (rûpel hê tune)">Çanda Sintashta</a> û <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87anda_Andronovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çanda Andronovo (rûpel hê tune)">Çanda Andronovo</a> ya dûv re di nav asoya berfirehtir a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andronovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andronovo (rûpel hê tune)">Andronovo</a> de têne naskirin. Welatên wan bi deverek gavê <a href="/wiki/Ewrasya" title="Ewrasya">Ewrasyayê</a> re ku li aliyê rojava bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87em%C3%AA_%C3%9Bral%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çemê Ûralê (rûpel hê tune)">Çemê Ûralê</a> ve û li aliyê rojhilat jî bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tian_Shan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tian Shan (rûpel hê tune)">Tian Shan</a> re sinor e. </p><p>Koçberiyên hind û îranî bi du pêlan pêk hatine.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pêla yekem ji koçberiya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind_%C3%BB_aryen%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hind û aryenî (rûpel hê tune)">hind û îranê</a> ya bi rêya Çanda Bactria-Magiana, ku jê re (bi îngilîzî) "Bactria-Magiana Arkeological Complex" jî tê gotin, ber bi Herêm Şamê ve koç bûne û <a href="/wiki/M%C3%AEtan%C3%AE" title="Mîtanî">Padîşahiya Mîtaniyan</a> ava kirine. Koçberiya duyem jî bi aliyê başûrê rojhilat ve ku gelê <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ved%C3%AEk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vedîk (rûpel hê tune)">vedîk</a> e û di ser <a href="/wiki/%C3%87iyay%C3%AAn_Hindokuj%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Çiyayên Hindokujê">Çiyayên Hindokujê</a> ve berbi bakurê <a href="/wiki/Hindistan" title="Hindistan">Hindistanê</a> ve koç bûne.<sup id="cite_ref-Elizabeth2009_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elizabeth2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hind û îranî li dora 1800–1600 salên <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de ji hev veqetiyan, pişt re ew perçe bûn û ji hêla îraniyan ve bûn du kom ên ku li herêma deşta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ewrasyaya_Nav%C3%AEn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ewrasyaya Navîn (rûpel hê tune)">Ewrasyaya Navîn</a> serdest bûn û piştre [hind û ariyan] hetanî dorhêlên <a href="/wiki/Ewrasya" title="Ewrasya">Ewrasyaya</a> navîn belavdibin.<sup id="cite_ref-Elizabeth2009_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elizabeth2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_I._Beckwith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher I. Beckwith (rûpel hê tune)">Christopher I. Beckwith</a> tîne ziman ku Wusun, gelên Kafkasyayê <a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AAn_hind_%C3%BB_ewrop%C3%AE" title="Zimanên hind û ewropî">hind û ewropî</a> yê Asyaya Hundir di kevnariyê de ye û di heman demê de bi eslê xwe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind_%C3%BB_ar%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hind û arî (rûpel hê tune)">hind û arî</a> bûn.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Çanda_Sintashta–Petrovka"><span id=".C3.87anda_Sintashta.E2.80.93Petrovka"></span>Çanda Sintashta–Petrovka</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çanda Sintashta–Petrovka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Çanda Sintashta–Petrovka"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:From_Corded_Ware_to_Sintashta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/From_Corded_Ware_to_Sintashta.jpg/220px-From_Corded_Ware_to_Sintashta.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/From_Corded_Ware_to_Sintashta.jpg/330px-From_Corded_Ware_to_Sintashta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/From_Corded_Ware_to_Sintashta.jpg/440px-From_Corded_Ware_to_Sintashta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption>Li gorî Allentoft (2015), çanda Sintashta dibe ku ji çanda Corded Ware zêde bûye.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87anda_Sintashta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çanda Sintashta (rûpel hê tune)">Çanda Sintashta</a> ku wekî çanda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sintashta%E2%80%93Petrovka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sintashta–Petrovka (rûpel hê tune)">Sintashta–Petrovka</a> jî tê zanîn yan jî çanda Sintashta–Arkaim, çandek arkeolojîk a <a href="/wiki/Serdema_bronz%C3%AE" title="Serdema bronzî">Serdema bronzî</a> a li bakurê <a href="/wiki/Ewrasya" title="Ewrasya">Ewrasya</a> li ser sînorên <a href="/wiki/Ewropaya_Rojhilat" title="Ewropaya Rojhilat">Ewropaya Rojhilat</a> û <a href="/wiki/Asyaya_Navend%C3%AE" title="Asyaya Navendî">Asyaya Navendî</a> ye ku di heyama 2100an <a href="/wiki/Asyaya_Navend%C3%AE" title="Asyaya Navendî">Asyaya Navendî</a> û 1800 salên <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de ye. Dibe ku ev diyardeya arkeolojîk a koma zimanê hind û îranî ye.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87anda_Sintashta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çanda Sintashta (rûpel hê tune)">Çanda Sintashta</a> ji têkiliya bi du çandên berê derketiye holê. Pêşengê wê yê yekser li deşta Ural-Tobol <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87anda_Poltavka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çanda Poltavka (rûpel hê tune)">Çanda Poltavka</a> bû ku şaxek ji asoya Yamnaya ya sewalvaniyê û di navbera salên 2800 û 2600 <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de ber bi rojhilat ve çûne herêmê. Gelek bajarokên <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87anda_Sintashta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çanda Sintashta (rûpel hê tune)">Sintashta</a> li ser niştecîhên kevintir ên Poltavka an li nêzî goristanên Poltavka hatine çêkirin û motîfên Poltavka li ser potterên Sintashta bi gelemperî hatine bikaranîn. Çanda aborî ya Sintashta di heman demê de bandora çanda Abaşevo ya dereng jî nîşan dide, berhevokek niştecîhên Corded Ware li devera daristaniyên li bakurê herêma Sintashta ku di heman demê de bi giranî koçer bûn.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Çanda_Andronovo"><span id=".C3.87anda_Andronovo"></span>Çanda Andronovo</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çanda Andronovo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Çanda Andronovo"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Andronovo_culture.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Andronovo_culture.png/220px-Andronovo_culture.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Andronovo_culture.png/330px-Andronovo_culture.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Andronovo_culture.png/440px-Andronovo_culture.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Rêjeya herî zêde ya çanda Andronovo, bi çanda Sintashta-Petrovka ya damezrîner (sor), cîhê herî pêşîn ên kelûpelên bi çerxer (binefşî) û çandên Afanasevo, Srubna û BMAC (kesk) li kêlekê ye.</figcaption></figure> <p>Çanda Andronovo berhevokek çandên herêmî yên hind û îranî yên Serdema Bronz a ku di c. 1800–900 <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de li rojavayê Sîbîrya û rojavayê Asyayê qewimiye. Dibe ku çêtir e ku jê re kompleksek arkeolojîk yan asoyek arkeolojîk were gotin. Navê çandê ji gundê Andronovo (<span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=ku&pagename=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&params=55_53_N_55_42_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê"><span class="latitude">55°53′Bk</span> <span class="longitude">55°42′Rh</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê">55.883°Bk 55.700°Rh</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.883; 55.700</span></span></span></a></span>) tê ku di sala 1914an de, gelek gor li wir bi hestiyê di pozîsyonên qurmiçî de ku bi kelûmelên xemilandinên dewlemend hatine veşartin, hatine dîtin. Çanda kevnar a Sintashta (2100–1800) ku berê di nav çanda Andronovo de cih girtibû, niha ji hev cihê tê hesibandin lê wekî pêşiyê wê tê hesibandin û wekî beşek ji asoya berfireh a Andronovo tê pejirandin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Îraniyên_rojavayî_û_rojhilatî"><span id=".C3.8Eraniy.C3.AAn_rojavay.C3.AE_.C3.BB_rojhilat.C3.AE"></span>Îraniyên rojavayî û rojhilatî</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Beşê biguhêre: Îraniyên rojavayî û rojhilatî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Îraniyên rojavayî û rojhilatî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Di destpêka hezarsala 1ê de dabeşbûna li ser komên "Rojhilatî" û "Rojavayî" di <a href="/wiki/Avesta" title="Avesta">Avestayê</a> de tê nîşandan. Farisiya kevn, du zimanên îranî yên herî kevn ên naskirî ne. Nivîsarên Avestayî yên Kevin ên ku bi navê Gathas têne zanîn, tê bawer kirin ku ji hêla Zerdeşt, damezrînerê Zerdeştiyê ve, bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87anda_Yaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çanda Yaz (rûpel hê tune)">Çanda Yaz</a> (1500 <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> – 1100 <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr>) ve wekî berendamek ji bo geşepêdana çanda Îrana Rojhilatî hatine çêkirin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gelên_îranî_yên_Rojava"><span id="Gel.C3.AAn_.C3.AEran.C3.AE_y.C3.AAn_Rojava"></span>Gelên îranî yên Rojava</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Beşê biguhêre: Gelên îranî yên Rojava" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Gelên îranî yên Rojava"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Map_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Map_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire.jpg/220px-Map_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Map_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire.jpg/330px-Map_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Map_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire.jpg/440px-Map_of_the_Achaemenid_Empire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1314" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption>Împeratoriya Axamenîs di bin desthilatdariya Daryûs I de. (522 BZ heta 486 BZ)</figcaption></figure> <p>Di sedsalên yekem ên hezarsala yekem <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de, dema ku <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">medan</a> jî bi <a href="/wiki/Suryan%C3%AE" title="Suryanî">asûriyan</a> re têkilî daniye, farisên kevnar xwe li beşê rojavayê Deşta Îranê bi cih kirin û dixûyê ku bi <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">elamî</a> û <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%AEl_(dewlet)" title="Babîl (dewlet)">babiliyan</a> re gelek têkilî danîne.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bermahiyên zimanê medî û farisiya kevn kokên xwe yên proto-îranî yên hevpar nîşan didin ku di danasîna zimanên wan de <a href="/wiki/Strabon" title="Strabon">Strabon</a> û <a href="/wiki/H%C3%AArodot" class="mw-redirect" title="Hêrodot">Hêrodot</a> wekî pir dişibin zimanên ku li rojhilatê baktriyan û sogdiyan diaxivin.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piştî damezrandina <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Emperatoriya_Axemen%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Împeratoriya Axemenî (rûpel hê tune)">Împeratoriya Axemenî</a>, zimanê farisî (ku di farisî de jê re "farisî" tê gotin) ji Pars an parêzgeha Fars ber bi deverên curbicur ên Împeratoriyê ve, bi zaravayên nûjen ên <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Eran" title="Îran">Îran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Efxanistan" title="Efxanistan">Efxanîstan</a> (ku wekî <a href="/wiki/Dar%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Darî">darî</a> jî tê zanîn) û navendî belav bû - Asya (bi navê tacîkî tê zanîn) ji farisiya kevn tê. </p><p>Di destpêkê de, gelên rojavayî yên Îranê yên li <a href="/wiki/Rojhilata_N%C3%AAz%C3%AEk" title="Rojhilata Nêzîk">Rojhilata Nêzîk</a> di bin serweriya împeratoriyên cuda yên <a href="/wiki/Suryan%C3%AE" title="Suryanî">asûriyan</a> de bûn. Hevalbendiya <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">medan</a> bi <a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AA_Fars%C3%AA" title="Gelê Farsê">persan</a> re û serhildana <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%AEl_(dewlet)" title="Babîl (dewlet)">Babil</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Esk%C3%AEt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Îskît (rûpel hê tune)">îskît</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kildan%C3%AE" title="Kildanî">keldanî</a> û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimmeriyan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimmeriyan (rûpel hê tune)">kimmeriyan</a>, alîkariya <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">medan</a> kir ku di sala 612an <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de <a href="/wiki/N%C3%AEnewa" title="Nînewa">Nînewayê</a> bi dest bixin ku di encamê de di dawiya 605 <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Emperatoriya_N%C3%BB-As%C3%BBr%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Împeratoriya Nû-Asûrî (rûpel hê tune)">împeratoriya Nû-Asûrî</a> hilweşiya.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piştî vî hilweşînê medan împeratoriya xwe yê Medya (ku <a href="/wiki/Ekbatana" title="Ekbatana">Ekbatana</a> navenda wanê rêveberiyê bû) li derveyî welatê xwe yê eslî ava kir û di dawiyê de bûn xwediyê herêmek ku ji bakurê rojhilatê Îranê heta <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87em%C3%AA_Halys%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çemê Halysê (rûpel hê tune)">Çemê Halysê</a> li <a href="/wiki/Anatolya" title="Anatolya">Anatolyayê</a> dirêj dibe. Piştî hilweşîna împeratoriya Asûrî, di navbera salên 616 û 605an <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de, dewleteke yekgirtî ya <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">Medyayê</a> ava ji aliyê <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">medan</a> ve hate avakirin ku bi <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%AEl_(dewlet)" title="Babîl (dewlet)">Babîl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lidya" title="Lidya">Lîdya</a> û <a href="/wiki/Misira_kevnare" title="Misira kevnare">Misirê</a> re bû yek ji çar hêzên mezin ên <a href="/wiki/Rojhilata_N%C3%AAz%C3%AEk" title="Rojhilata Nêzîk">Rojhilata Nêzîk</a>. </p><p>Piştre re di sala 550î <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> de, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BBru%C5%9F%C3%AA_Mezin" title="Kûruşê Mezin">Kûruşê Mezin</a>, serweriya Medya ya pêşeng hilweşand û padîşahiya <a href="/wiki/Lidya" title="Lidya">Lîdyayê</a> û împeratoriya <a href="/wiki/Bab%C3%AEl_(dewlet)" title="Babîl (dewlet)">Babîl</a> bi dest xist û pişt re wî <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Emperatoriya_Axamen%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Împeratoriya Axamenî (rûpel hê tune)">Împeratoriya Axamenî</a> (yan jî împeratoriya yekem a farisî) ava kir. Di asta xwe ya herî mezin de, împeratoriya Axamenîs li seranserê sê parzemînan, yan jî <a href="/wiki/Ewropa" title="Ewropa">Ewropa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afr%C3%AEka" title="Afrîka">Afrîka</a> û <a href="/wiki/Asya" title="Asya">Asya</a>, ji <a href="/wiki/Balkan" title="Balkan">Balkanan</a> û <a href="/wiki/Ewropaya_Rojhilat" title="Ewropaya Rojhilat">Ewropaya Rojhilatî</a> ya li rojava, heta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geliy%C3%AA_Indus%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geliyê Indusê (rûpel hê tune)">Geliyê Indusê</a> li rojhilat, dirêj dibe. </p><p>Di encama şerên navbera yewnanî û persan de <a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AA_Fars%C3%AA" title="Gelê Farsê">faris</a> neçar man ku ji herêmên xwe yên <a href="/wiki/Ewrop%C3%AE" title="Ewropî">ewropî</a> vekişin û vekişîna dibe sedema birêveçûna rasterast a dîroka <a href="/wiki/Yewnanistana_Kevn" class="mw-redirect" title="Yewnanistana Kevn">Yewnanistan</a> û ya mayî ya <a href="/wiki/Ewrop%C3%AE" title="Ewropî">ewropî</a>. Zêdetirî sed salan, mîrekî <a href="/wiki/Makedonya" title="Makedonya">makedonî</a> (ku bi xwe ji dawiya sedsala 6an <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> heta êrîşa yekem a farisî ya li ser Yewnanistanê bindestê farisan bû) paşê bi navê <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Eskender%C3%AA_Mezin" title="Îskenderê Mezin">Îskenderê Mezin</a> tê zanîn, padîşahiya farisî yê desthiladar hilweşand û bi vî awayî împeratoriya Axamenî bi dawî bû. </p><p>Niştecîhên destpêka împeratoriya Axemenî dixûyê ku baweriya <a href="/wiki/Zerde%C5%9Ft%C3%AE" title="Zerdeştî">zerdeştiyê</a> qebûl kirine.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7" title="Belûç">Belûçên</a> ku bi zimanê îranî yê rojavayî diaxivin, kevneşopiyeke devkî di derbarê koça xwe ya ji herêma <a href="/wiki/Heleb_(par%C3%AAzgeh)" title="Heleb (parêzgeh)">Heleb</a> a <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BBr%C3%AE" title="Sûrî">Sûriyê</a> di derdora sala 1000 <abbr title="piştî zayînê">p.z.</abbr> de vedibêjin lê delîlên zimannasiyê <a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_bel%C3%BB%C3%A7%C3%AE" title="Zimanê belûçî">belûçî</a> bi zimanê kurdî, <a href="/wiki/Kurmanc%C3%AE" title="Kurmancî">kurmancî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soran%C3%AE" title="Soranî">soranî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hewram%C3%AE" title="Hewramî">goranî</a> û <a href="/wiki/Zazak%C3%AE" title="Zazakî">zazakî</a> ve girê didin.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gelên_rojhilatî_yên_Îranê"><span id="Gel.C3.AAn_rojhilat.C3.AE_y.C3.AAn_.C3.8Eran.C3.AA"></span>Gelên rojhilatî yên Îranê</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Beşê biguhêre: Gelên rojhilatî yên Îranê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Gelên rojhilatî yên Îranê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Balto-Slavic_lng.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Balto-Slavic_lng.png/220px-Balto-Slavic_lng.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Balto-Slavic_lng.png/330px-Balto-Slavic_lng.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Balto-Slavic_lng.png/440px-Balto-Slavic_lng.png 2x" data-file-width="1031" data-file-height="783" /></a><figcaption>Zaravayê Rojhilatî yê Îranî û Balto-Slavî li Ewropaya Rojhilat berdewam e, ya paşîn bi çandên maddî yên pêşniyarkirî yên ku bi axaftvanên Balto-Slavî yên di Serdema Bronzê de (spî) re têkildar in.</figcaption></figure> <p>Dema ku eşîrên îranî yên başûr bi nivîsarên xwe û hevpîşeyên xwe yên nûjen çêtir têne naskirin, qebîleyên ku bi giranî di berferehiya <a href="/wiki/Ewrasya" title="Ewrasya">Ewrasyayê</a> ya berfireh de mane, bi referansên ku ji hêla <a href="/wiki/Yewnanistana_Kevn" class="mw-redirect" title="Yewnanistana Kevn">Yewnaniyên kevnar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AA_Fars%C3%AA" title="Gelê Farsê">Farisan</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%87%C3%AEn" title="Çîn">Çînî</a> û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind_%C3%BB_aryen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hind û aryen (rûpel hê tune)">hind û aryenan</a> ve ji wan re hatine kirin û di heman demê de jî bi dîtinên arkeolojîk têne zanîn. Dîroknivîsê yewnanî, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%AArodot" class="mw-redirect" title="Hêrodot">Herodot</a> (sedsala 5. BZ) behsa gelê koçer, Îskîtiyan dike; ew wesfên wan dide ku ew li herêma ku îro li başûrê <a href="/wiki/Ewropa" title="Ewropa">Ewropayê</a> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BBsya" title="Rûsya">Rûsya</a> û <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Bkrayna" title="Ûkrayna">Ûkrayna</a> ye jiyan kirine. <a href="/wiki/H%C3%AArodot" class="mw-redirect" title="Hêrodot">Herodot</a> kesa yekem e ku behsa <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Esk%C3%AEtiyan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Îskîtiyan (rûpel hê tune)">Îskîtiyan</a> dike. Gelek nivîsarên kevnar ên <a href="/wiki/Sanskr%C3%AEt%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrîtî">Sanskrîtî</a> yên ji serdema paşîn de behsa eşîrên weha dikin ku ew şahid bûn ku wan ber bi peravên herî başûrê rojhilatê <a href="/wiki/Asyaya_Navend%C3%AE" title="Asyaya Navendî">Asyaya Navendî</a> ve, li deverê <a href="/wiki/%C3%87iyay%C3%AAn_Hindokuj%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Çiyayên Hindokujê">Rêzeçiyayên Hindokujê</a>, li bakurê <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistanê</a> destnîşan dikin. </p><p>Tê bawer kirin ku gelê Îskît ji aliyê pismamên xwe yên rojhilatî, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarmat%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarmatî (rûpel hê tune)">Sarmatiyan</a> ve, ku ji aliyê <a href="/wiki/Strabon" title="Strabon">Strabon</a> ve wekî eşîra serdest a ku di hezarsala yekemê <abbr title="piştî zayînê">p.z.</abbr> de deşta başûrê Rûsyayê kontrol dikin, hatine zeft kirin. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Esk%C3%AEt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Îskît (rûpel hê tune)">Îskît</a> û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarmat%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarmatî (rûpel hê tune)">Sarmatiyên</a> îranîaxiv bi hezarê salan serdestî li beşên mezin ên <a href="/wiki/Ewropaya_Rojhilat" title="Ewropaya Rojhilat">Ewropaya Rojhilat</a> kirin û di dawiyê de ji aliyê nifûsa Proto-Slavî ya herêmê ve hatin helandin û asîmîlekirin (mînak wekî slavîkirin). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografî"><span id="Demograf.C3.AE"></span>Demografî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Beşê biguhêre: Demografî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Demografî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Li gor pêşbîniyan 150 heta 200 milyon axêverên zikmakî yên zimanên îranî hene, şeş komên sereke yên zimanê aryenî <a href="/wiki/Kurd" title="Kurd">kurd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AA_Fars%C3%AA" title="Gelê Farsê">faris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tac%C3%AEkistan" title="Tacîkistan">tacîk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7" title="Belûç">belûç</a> û <a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%9Ft%C3%BBn" title="Peştûn">peştûn</a> ji sedî 90ê vê hejmarê ne.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Niha piraniya van gelên îranî li <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Eran" title="Îran">Îran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Efxanistan" title="Efxanistan">Efxanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qefqasya" title="Qefqasya">Qefqasya</a> (bi giranî Osetya, deverên din ên <a href="/wiki/Gurcistan" title="Gurcistan">Gurcistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daxistan" title="Daxistan">Daxistan</a> û <a href="/wiki/Azerbaycan" title="Azerbaycan">Azerbaycanê</a>), li perçeyên <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistanê</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9F%C3%BBr%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Başûrê Kurdistanê">Başûrê Kurdistanê</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Bakurê Kurdistanê">Bakurê Kurdistanê</a> û metropolên <a href="/wiki/Tirkiye" title="Tirkiye">Tirkiyê</a> (bajarên sereke <a href="/wiki/Stembol" title="Stembol">Stenbol</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ezm%C3%AEr" title="Îzmîr">Îzmîr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edene" class="mw-disambig" title="Edene">Edene</a> û <a href="/wiki/M%C3%AArs%C3%AEn" title="Mêrsîn">Mêrsîn</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rojavaya_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Rojavaya Kurdistanê">Rojavayê Kurdistanê</a> û <a href="/wiki/Rojhilata_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Rojhilata Kurdistanê">Rojhilata Kurdistanê</a> ku piraniya wan kurd lê dijîn û li <a href="/wiki/Tac%C3%AEkistan" title="Tacîkistan">Tacîkistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> û <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Bzb%C3%AAkistan" title="Ûzbêkistan">Ûzbêkistan</a> gelên aryenî dijîn. </p><p>Di heman demê gelên îranî li Rojhilatê Erebistanê wek bakurê <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Behreyn" title="Behreyn">Behreyn</a> û <a href="/wiki/Kuweyt" title="Kuweyt">Kuweytê</a> dijîn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetîk"><span id="Genet.C3.AEk"></span>Genetîk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Beşê biguhêre: Genetîk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Genetîk"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lêkolînên genomîk ên nifûsê yên vê dawiyê diyar kirin ku pêkhateya genetîkî ya gelên îranî jixwe nêzî 5000 sal berê pêk hatiye û ji wê demê ve domdariyek mezin nîşan dide û destnîşan dike ku ew bi giranî ji bûyerên koçberiyê yên komên derveyî bandor li wan nekiriye. Ji aliyê genetîkî ve, gelên îranî bi gelemperî bi gelên <a href="/wiki/Ewrop%C3%AE" title="Ewropî">Ewropî</a> û yên din ên <a href="/wiki/Rojhilata_Nav%C3%AEn" title="Rojhilata Navîn">Rojhilata Navîn</a> re nêzîk dibin. Nimûneyên analîzkirî yên etnîkî <a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AA_Fars%C3%AA" title="Gelê Farsê">fars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurd" title="Kurd">kurd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azer%C3%AE_(gel)" title="Azerî (gel)">azerî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teberi_(gel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Teberi (gel)">mazenderanî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gilak" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilak">gilak</a> û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zerde%C5%9Ftiy%C3%AAn_hind%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zerdeştiyên hindî (rûpel hê tune)">zerdeştiyên hindî</a>, li hev kom dibin û komeke yekane pêk tînin ku bi navê CIC (Koma Îrana Navîn) tên binavkirin. Li gorî nifûsa cîhanê, îranî (CIC) li navenda koma berfireh a Rojava û Ewrasyayê, nêzî <a href="/wiki/Ewrop%C3%AE" title="Ewropî">Ewropî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rojhilata_Nav%C3%AEn" title="Rojhilata Navîn">Rojhilata Navîn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asyaya_Ba%C5%9F%C3%BBr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asyaya Başûr (rûpel hê tune)">Asyaya Başûr</a> û <a href="/wiki/Asyaya_Navend%C3%AE" title="Asyaya Navendî">Asyaya Navendî</a> kom dibin. Binesaziya genetîkî ya îraniyan li gorî nifûsên din ên "1000G" bi awayekî balkêş kêm û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homojen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homojen (rûpel hê tune)">homojen</a> e. <a href="/wiki/Ewrop%C3%AE" title="Ewropî">Ewropî</a> û hinek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asyaya_Ba%C5%9F%C3%BBr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asyaya Başûr (rûpel hê tune)">Asyaya Başûr</a> (bi taybetî hindikahiya parsî) herî zêde nêzîkatiya xwe bi îraniyan re nîşan dide lê <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afr%C3%AEkaya_Sub-Sahara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afrîkaya Sub-Sahara (rûpel hê tune)">Afrîkaya Sub-Sahara</a> û <a href="/wiki/Asyaya_Rojhilat" title="Asyaya Rojhilat">Asyaya Rojhilat</a> bi îraniyan re ferqa herî zêde ku nîşan didin ev in.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Li gor lêkolînên genetîkî yên nû, gelê Zagrosê ku Kurd jî di nav de ne, ne di nav gelê Aryen de ne û genên haplogrop ên li gori gena Aryen (R1a-z93) ne ye an jî di wan de hindik in.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gel,_ziman_û_welat"><span id="Gel.2C_ziman_.C3.BB_welat"></span>Gel, ziman û welat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Beşê biguhêre: Gel, ziman û welat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Gel, ziman û welat"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="boilerplate" id="catmore"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/15px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/23px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/30px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <i>Gotara bingehîn: <a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AAn_%C3%8Eran%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimanên Îranî">Zimanên Îranî</a> </i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rojavayî"><span id="Rojavay.C3.AE"></span>Rojavayî</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Beşê biguhêre: Rojavayî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Rojavayî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Başûrî"><span id="Ba.C5.9F.C3.BBr.C3.AE"></span>Başûrî</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Beşê biguhêre: Başûrî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Başûrî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Gel </th> <th>Welat </th> <th>Ziman </th> <th>Gelhe </th></tr> <tr> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Gel%C3%AA_Fars%C3%AA" title="Gelê Farsê">Gelê Farsê</a> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Eran" title="Îran">Îran</a>(Farsistan) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tac%C3%AEkistan" title="Tacîkistan">Tacîkistan</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Xorasan" title="Xorasan">Xorasan</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Efxanistan" title="Efxanistan">Efxanistan</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Bzb%C3%AAkistan" title="Ûzbêkistan">Ûzbêkistan</a> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Faris%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Farisî">Farisî</a> </p> </td> <td>85 milyon </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bakurî"><span id="Bakur.C3.AE"></span>Bakurî</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Beşê biguhêre: Bakurî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Bakurî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Gel </th> <th>Welat </th> <th>Ziman </th> <th>Gelhe </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurd" title="Kurd">Kurd</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Anatolya" title="Anatolya">Anatolya</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Xorasan" title="Xorasan">Xorasan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurd%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdî">Kurdî</a> </td> <td>30-35 milyon<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7" title="Belûç">Belûç</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7istan" title="Belûçistan">Belûçistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%BB%C3%A7%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Belûçî">Belûçî</a> </td> <td>8.8 milyon<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tali%C5%9F" title="Taliş">Taliş</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tali%C5%9Fistan" title="Talişistan">Talişistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tali%C5%9F%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Talişî">Talişî</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_tat%C3%AE" title="Zimanê tatî">Tat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_tat%C3%AE" title="Zimanê tatî">Tatistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_tat%C3%AE" title="Zimanê tatî">Tatî</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rojhilatî"><span id="Rojhilat.C3.AE"></span>Rojhilatî</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Beşê biguhêre: Rojhilatî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Rojhilatî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Gel </th> <th>Welat </th> <th>Ziman </th> <th>Gelhe </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%9Ft%C3%BBn" title="Peştûn">Peştûn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%9Ft%C3%BBnistan" title="Peştûnistan">Peştûnistan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pe%C5%9Fto" class="mw-redirect" title="Peşto">Peşto</a> </td> <td>50 million<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_(gel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan (gel)">Alan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Alanistan">Alanistan</a> <br /> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ziman%C3%AA_Alan%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zimanê Alanî (rûpel hê tune)">Alanî</a> </td> <td>720.000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Binêre"><span id="Bin.C3.AAre"></span>Binêre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Beşê biguhêre: Binêre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Binêre"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AEroka_%C3%8Eran%C3%AA" title="Dîroka Îranê">Dîroka Îranê</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Erannas%C3%AE" title="Îrannasî">Îrannasî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-%C3%8Eran%C3%AEzm" title="Pan-Îranîzm">Pan-Îranîzm</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çavkanî"><span id=".C3.87avkan.C3.AE"></span>Çavkanî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çavkanî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Çavkanî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1068480">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <ul><li>Iran: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1850135">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress" class="citation web cs1">Library of Congress, Library of Congress – Federal Research Division. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Iran.pdf">"Ethnic Groups and Languages of Iran"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 2 kanûna pêşîn 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Groups+and+Languages+of+Iran&rft.aulast=Library+of+Congress&rft.aufirst=Library+of+Congress+%E2%80%93+Federal+Research+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Ffrd%2Fcs%2Fprofiles%2FIran.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span> (Persian and Caspian dialects-65% Kurdish 8%-Luri/Bakhtiari 5%- Baluchi 4%):80% of the population or approximately 63 million people.</li> <li>Afghanistan: CIA Factbook Afghanistan: unting Pashtuns, Tajiks, Baluchs, 21 million</li> <li>Tajiks of Central Asia counting Tajikistan and Uzbekistan 10–15 million</li> <li>Kurds Syria, Lebanon and Iraq based on CIA factbook estimate 18 million</li> <li>Zazas of Turkey, based on CIA factbook estimate 4 million</li> <li>Ossetians, Talysh, Tats, Kurds of the Caucasus and Central Asia: 1–2 million based on CIA factbook/ethnologue.</li> <li>Tajiks of China: 50,000 to 100,000</li> <li>Iranian speakers in Bahrain, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persian_Gulf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persian Gulf (rûpel hê tune)">Persian Gulf</a>, Western Europe and USA, 3 million.</li> <li>Pakistan counting Baluchis+Pashtus+Afghan refugees based on CIA factbook and other sources: 71 million.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iranian_peoples&oldid=1090472957">"Iranian peoples"</a>. <i>Wikipedia</i> (bi îngilîzî). 29 gulan 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=Iranian+peoples&rft.date=2022-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DIranian_peoples%26oldid%3D1090472957&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFFoundation" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranicaonline.org/">"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"</a>. <i>iranicaonline.org</i> (bi îngilîziya amerîkî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê <span class="nowrap">6 tebax</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iranicaonline.org&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.aulast=Foundation&rft.aufirst=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firanicaonline.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iranian_peoples&oldid=1101013625">"Iranian peoples"</a>. <i>Wikipedia</i> (bi îngilîzî). 28 tîrmeh 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=Iranian+peoples&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DIranian_peoples%26oldid%3D1101013625&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFRudi.1999" class="citation book cs1">Rudi., Fensel, Dieter. Studer, (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/41404698"><i>Knowledge acquisition, modeling and management : 11th European Workshop, EKAW '99, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, May 26-29, 1999 : proceedings</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/3-540-66044-5" title="Taybet:BookSources/3-540-66044-5"><bdi>3-540-66044-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (rûpel hê tune)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41404698">41404698</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Knowledge+acquisition%2C+modeling+and+management+%3A+11th+European+Workshop%2C+EKAW+%2799%2C+Dagstuhl+Castle%2C+Germany%2C+May+26-29%2C+1999+%3A+proceedings&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F41404698&rft.isbn=3-540-66044-5&rft.aulast=Rudi.&rft.aufirst=Fensel%2C+Dieter.+Studer%2C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F41404698&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Şablon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_extra_punctuation" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: extra punctuation">lînk</a>) CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_l%C3%AEsteya_niv%C3%AEskaran" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran">lînk</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elizabeth2009-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Elizabeth2009_6-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Elizabeth2009_6-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFElizabeth.2009" class="citation book cs1">Elizabeth., Beckwith, (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/310399188"><i>Raising the perfect child through guilt and manipulation</i></a>. Harper. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/0-06-175957-0" title="Taybet:BookSources/0-06-175957-0"><bdi>0-06-175957-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (rûpel hê tune)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/310399188">310399188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Raising+the+perfect+child+through+guilt+and+manipulation&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F310399188&rft.isbn=0-06-175957-0&rft.aulast=Elizabeth.&rft.aufirst=Beckwith%2C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F310399188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Şablon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_extra_punctuation" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: extra punctuation">lînk</a>) CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_l%C3%AEsteya_niv%C3%AEskaran" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran">lînk</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFJulius.2009" class="citation book cs1">Julius., Caro, Anthony (Anthony Alfred), 1924- Bryant, (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/775525309"><i>Anthony Caro</i></a>. Lund Humphries. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/1-84822-032-4" title="Taybet:BookSources/1-84822-032-4"><bdi>1-84822-032-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (rûpel hê tune)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/775525309">775525309</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anthony+Caro&rft.pub=Lund+Humphries&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F775525309&rft.isbn=1-84822-032-4&rft.aulast=Julius.&rft.aufirst=Caro%2C+Anthony+%28Anthony+Alfred%29%2C+1924-+Bryant%2C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F775525309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Şablon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_extra_punctuation" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: extra punctuation">lînk</a>) CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_l%C3%AEsteya_niv%C3%AEskaran" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran">lînk</a>) CS1 maint: numeric names: lîsteya nivîskaran (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_l%C3%AEsteya_niv%C3%AEskaran" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: numeric names: lîsteya nivîskaran">lînk</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFJohn.2007" class="citation book cs1">John., Hilton, Anthony. Talbot, (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/482742795"><i>Surveys in combinatorics 2007</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-0-521-69823-8" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-0-521-69823-8"><bdi>978-0-521-69823-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (rûpel hê tune)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/482742795">482742795</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surveys+in+combinatorics+2007.&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F482742795&rft.isbn=978-0-521-69823-8&rft.aulast=John.&rft.aufirst=Hilton%2C+Anthony.+Talbot%2C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F482742795&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Şablon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_extra_punctuation" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: extra punctuation">lînk</a>) CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_l%C3%AEsteya_niv%C3%AEskaran" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran">lînk</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFLiverani1995" class="citation journal cs1">Liverani, M. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Medes-at-Esarhaddon's-Court-Liverani/741617059107ad6b32d55ea69ca3048a068982ca">"The Medes at Esarhaddon's Court"</a>. <i>Journal of Cuneiform Studies</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (rûpel hê tune)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1359815">10.2307/1359815</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cuneiform+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Medes+at+Esarhaddon%27s+Court&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1359815&rft.aulast=Liverani&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.semanticscholar.org%2Fpaper%2FThe-Medes-at-Esarhaddon%27s-Court-Liverani%2F741617059107ad6b32d55ea69ca3048a068982ca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition&oldid=1101311577">"Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition"</a>. <i>Wikipedia</i> (bi îngilîzî). 30 tîrmeh 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wikipedia&rft.atitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Eleventh+Edition&rft.date=2022-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DEncyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition%26oldid%3D1101311577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A._Leo_Oppenheim&oldid=1088925839">"A. 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Roja gihiştinê <span class="nowrap">5 tebax</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=Kurdica%3A+An+Indo-European+Language&rft.date=2006-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cogsci.ed.ac.uk%2F~siamakr%2FKurdish%2Firan-lang.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_web" class="mw-redirect" title="Şablon:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">lînk</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041009124244/http://www.iranologie.com/history/ilf.html">"Iranian Language Family"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 9 çiriya pêşîn 2004. Ji <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranologie.com/history/ilf.html">orîjînalê</a> di 9 çiriya pêşîn 2004 de hat arşîvkirin<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê <span class="nowrap">5 tebax</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=Iranian+Language+Family&rft.date=2004-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranologie.com%2Fhistory%2Filf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/browse/families">"Browse by Language Family"</a>. <i>Ethnologue</i> (bi îngilîzî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê <span class="nowrap">6 tebax</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ethnologue&rft.atitle=Browse+by+Language+Family&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fbrowse%2Ffamilies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KDhCXuhWS0"><i>Kurdên li Stenbolê banga perwerdeya Kurdî dikin</i></a> (bi îngilîzî)<span class="reference-accessdate">, roja gihiştinê <span class="nowrap">6 tebax</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kurd%C3%AAn+li+Stenbol%C3%AA+banga+perwerdeya+Kurd%C3%AE+dikin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D7KDhCXuhWS0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFPublic_Library_of_Science2005" class="citation book cs1">Public Library of Science (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/plos-genetics-a-peer-reviewed-open-access-journal/oclc/162211050"><i>PLoS Genetics: a peer-reviewed, open-access journal</i></a>. San Francisco, Calif.: Public Library of Science. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (rûpel hê tune)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/162211050">162211050</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=PLoS+Genetics%3A+a+peer-reviewed%2C+open-access+journal&rft.place=San+Francisco%2C+Calif.&rft.pub=Public+Library+of+Science&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F162211050&rft.au=Public+Library+of+Science&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2Fplos-genetics-a-peer-reviewed-open-access-journal%2Foclc%2F162211050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3AGel%C3%AAn+%C3%AEran%C3%AE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0198885922001409#b0030">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0198885922001409#b0030</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-22244468714&origin=inward&txGid=595058c7dadc4557f8aa13275a63b6f5">https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-22244468714&origin=inward&txGid=595058c7dadc4557f8aa13275a63b6f5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A rough estimate by the CIA Factbook has populations of 14.5 million in Turkey, 6 million in Iran, about 5 to 6 million in Iraq, and less than 2 million in Syria, which adds up to close to 28 million Kurds in Kurdistan or adjacient regions. (Estimates as of 2014; Turkey: "Kurdish 18% [of 81.6 million", Iran: "Kurd 10% [of 80.8 million]", Iraq: "Kurdish 15%-20% [of 32.6 million]", Syria: "Kurds, Armenians, and other 9.7% [of 17.9 million]". About two million are documented as living in diaspora; divergent high estimates on the number of Kurds in Turkey in particular account for higher estimates on total population, e.g. Sandra Mackey, "The reckoning: Iraq and the legacy of Saddam”, W.W. Norton and Company, 2002, p. 350: "As much as 25% of Turkey is Kurdish," which would raise the population figure by about 5 million.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tyagi, Vidya Prakash (2009). Martial Races of Undivided India. Gyan Publishing House. pp. 7–9. <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/8178357755" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 81-7835-775-5</a>. Retrieved 3 November 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis, Paul M. (2009). "Pashto, Northern". SIL International. Dallas, Texas: Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Retrieved 18 September 2010. Ethnic population: 49,529,000 possibly total Pashto in all countries."</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ji "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gelên_îranî&oldid=1875547">https://ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gelên_îranî&oldid=1875547</a>" hatiye standin.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:Categories" title="Taybet:Categories">Kategorî</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:Gel" title="Kategorî:Gel">Gel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:Gel%C3%AAn_%C3%AEran%C3%AE" title="Kategorî:Gelên îranî">Gelên îranî</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:Kom%C3%AAn_etn%C3%AEk_li_Rojhilata_Nav%C3%AEn" title="Kategorî:Komên etnîk li Rojhilata Navîn">Komên etnîk li Rojhilata Navîn</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategoriyên veşartî: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_%C3%AEngil%C3%AEz%C3%AE-language_sources_(en)" title="Kategorî:CS1 îngilîzî-language sources (en)">CS1 îngilîzî-language sources (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_%C3%AEngil%C3%AEziya_amer%C3%AEk%C3%AE-language_sources_(en-us)" title="Kategorî:CS1 îngilîziya amerîkî-language sources (en-us)">CS1 îngilîziya amerîkî-language sources (en-us)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_extra_punctuation" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: extra punctuation">CS1 maint: extra punctuation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_l%C3%AEsteya_niv%C3%AEskaran" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran">CS1 maint: multiple names: lîsteya nivîskaran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_l%C3%AEsteya_niv%C3%AEskaran" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: numeric names: lîsteya nivîskaran">CS1 maint: numeric names: lîsteya nivîskaran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Kategorî:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ev rûpel cara dawî 20 çiriya paşîn 2024, saet li 10:02an de hatiye guhartin.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Nivîsar di bin lîsansa <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> de derbasdar e; heke tiştên din werin xwestin dikarin lê bên zêdekirin. 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