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</div> </form> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="content" class="span-13 append-1"> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-12873"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/03/28/violence-hits-education/#respond" title="Comment on Violence hits education">No Comments</a></span> Posted on March 28th, 2011 by Khaled</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/03/28/violence-hits-education/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Violence hits education">Violence hits education</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/children/" title="View all posts in Children" rel="category tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/demonstrations/" rel="tag">Demonstrations</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/displacement/" rel="tag">displacement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/economic-situation/" rel="tag">economic situation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/egypt/" rel="tag">Egypt</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/hts/" rel="tag">HTS</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/human-rights/" rel="tag">Human Rights</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/illiteracy/" rel="tag">illiteracy</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/illiteracy-levels/" rel="tag">illiteracy levels</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/interior-ministry/" rel="tag">Interior Ministry</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-refugee/" rel="tag">iraqi refugee</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/irin/" rel="tag">IRIN</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/jordan/" rel="tag">Jordan</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/kuwait/" rel="tag">kuwait</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/lebanon/" rel="tag">Lebanon</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/middle-east/" rel="tag">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/millennium-development-goals/" rel="tag">millennium development goals</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/photos/" rel="tag">Photos</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/port-said/" rel="tag">Port Said</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-children/" rel="tag">refugee children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/rural-areas/" rel="tag">rural areas</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/schoolchildren/" rel="tag">schoolchildren</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/security-situation/" rel="tag">security situation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/students/" rel="tag">Students</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/sudan/" rel="tag">Sudan</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unesco-report/" rel="tag">unesco report</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/violence/" rel="tag">violence</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>NAIROBI, 3 March 2011 (IRIN) – Several Middle Eastern countries such as Iraq and Yemen are unlikely to achieve the education-for-all Millennium Development Goals by 2015 because of insecurity and conflict, according to a new report by the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). </p> <p> <a title="20110328_yemen_school_caption by Gorillas Guides, on Flickr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/gorillasguides/5568168739/" class="external" target="_blank"><img style="border-right: silver 1px solid; border-top: silver 1px solid; display: inline; float: left; margin: 3px 10px 5px 0px; border-left: silver 1px solid; border-bottom: silver 1px solid" height="326" alt="20110328_yemen_school_caption" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5063/5568168739_658b6e1305_o.jpg" width="350" align="left"/></a> <p>The education-for-all goals were endorsed by more than 160 countries in 2000. But according to Kevin Watkins, director of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/efareport/reports/2011-conflict" class="external" target="_blank">UNESCO’s 2011 Global Monitoring Report</a>, children and education are not just getting caught in the cross-fire, they are increasingly the targets of violent conflict. </p> <p>"The failure of governments to protect human rights is causing children deep harm – and taking away their only chance of an education," he said. </p> <p>The UNESCO report, entitled The Hidden Crisis: Armed Conflict and Education, says 35 countries were affected by armed conflict between 1999 and 2008, several in the Middle East. “Children and schools are on the front line of these conflicts, with classrooms, teachers and pupils seen as legitimate targets,” it noted. </p> <h3>Egypt </h3> <p>Recent demonstrations and clashes in Egypt led to the ouster of President Hosni Mubarak, but also closed many schools. In mid-February, half-term was extended for two weeks. Schools in only seven of the country’s 29 governorates reopened after the recess, according to sources in Cairo. </p> <p>The Interior Ministry deployed police outside schools to beef up security and encourage a return to school, but thousands of parents still preferred to keep their children at home. </p> <p>“A deteriorating security situation hinders the opening of the schools and this affects the whole educational process,” Fathi al-Sharqawi, a professor of educational psychology at Cairo’s Ain Shams University, told IRIN. “Teachers will have to skip some parts of the curricula after the students go back to their classrooms, which will also affect these students’ learning badly.” </p> <p>Hundreds of parents have complained that their children are attacked by thugs on their way to school, according to human rights groups. The Egyptian Centre for Human Rights, for example, said some parents complain that criminals use weapons to grab money from children. </p> <p>Manal Abdul Aziz, an Egyptian journalist who opted for home-based tuition for her two children, told IRIN in Cairo: “There is total obscurity about the future of this academic year.” The cost of hiring five teachers for her two children (aged 12 and 15) is the equivalent of US$169 a month – a significant sum for most families. </p> <h3>Iraq</h3> <p><strong></strong>Decades of war in Iraq, UN sanctions, poor security and the economic situation have adversely affected education and increased illiteracy levels. According to data produced by the government and UNESCO in September, at least five million of Iraq’s almost 30 million people are illiterate. Of these, 14 percent are school-age children who left school to feed their families, are displaced or have no access to suitable schooling. </p> <p>Ahmed Khalid Jaafar, 14, told IRIN in Baghdad that he left school after his father died in an explosion three years ago, and sought work on the streets to feed his mother and two younger daughters. </p> <p>"I sell gum and my mother works is a seamstress," said Jaafar. "We make 200,000-300,000 dinars (US$160-250) a month. We spend that money on the most important things, mainly food. School is not important now." Jaafar and his family squat in an abandoned government building. </p> <p>The September data show that adult illiteracy in Iraq is now one of the highest in the Arab region. In rural areas, almost 30 percent of the population are unable to read or write. Significant gender disparities exist, with 40 percent of the illiterate being women. </p> <h3>Other countries </h3> <p>Bahrain is on track to achieve the goal of halving illiteracy levels by 2015, but countries like Iraq, Mauritania and Sudan are off track. "The recent experiences of Algeria, Egypt, Kuwait and Yemen show that literacy policy can be effective: all four countries have increased their adult literacy rates by at least 20 percentage points in the past 15-20 years," the UNESCO report said. </p> <p>In Yemen, a reallocation of 10 percent of the military budget to education would put an additional 840,000 children in school. In the north, 220 schools were destroyed, damaged or looted during fighting in 2009 and 2010 between government and rebel forces, according to the report. "In Yemen, many internally displaced children complement family income by begging, smuggling or collecting refuse, and there are concerns that child labour is increasing." </p> <p>In Syria, attendance rates in pre-school programmes varied from less than 4 percent for children in the poorest households, to just above 18 percent for wealthy households. </p> <h3>In harm’s way </h3> <p>According to the report, armed conflict places children directly in harm’s way. Some get killed while others are exploited as soldiers or forced to flee their homes and become refugees. </p> <p>“Children subject to the trauma, insecurity and displacement that come with armed conflict are unlikely to achieve their potential for learning,” it said. All too often, armed groups see the destruction of schools and the targeting of schoolchildren and teachers as a legitimate military strategy. </p> <p>In conflict situations, children fear to go to school, teachers to give classes and parents to send their children to school. According to UNESCO, in such situations, children suffer psychological trauma, as well as loss of parents, siblings and friends. One survey of Iraqi refugee children in Jordan found that 39 percent reported having lost someone close to them, and 43 percent witnessed violence. </p> <p>“Armed conflict remains a major roadblock to human development in many parts of the world, yet its impact on education is widely neglected,” said UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova. “This groundbreaking report documents the scale of this hidden crisis, identifies its root causes and offers solid proposals for change.” </p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportID=92091" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN Middle East | MIDDLE EAST: Violence hits education | Egypt | Iraq | Lebanon | Oman | OPT | Syria | Yemen | Children | Conflict | Education</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-11379"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/08/26/%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%b7/#respond" title="Comment on عمالة الاطفال في واسط">No Comments</a></span> Posted on August 26th, 2010 by Diya al din</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/08/26/%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%b7/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to عمالة الاطفال في واسط">عمالة الاطفال في واسط</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/children/" title="View all posts in Children" rel="category tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/photos/" title="View all posts in Photos" rel="category tag">Photos</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/postcards-from-iraq/" title="View all posts in Postcards from Iraq" rel="category tag">Postcards from Iraq</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/team-members/" title="View all posts in Team Members" rel="category tag">Team Members</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/women/" title="View all posts in Women and Children" rel="category tag">Women and Children</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/child-labour/" rel="tag">child labour</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/children/" rel="tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/photos/" rel="tag">Photos</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/scenes-from-an-iraki-childhood/" rel="tag">Scenes From An Iraki Childhood</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/wasit/" rel="tag">Wasit</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>(Note for our English language readers this photograph essay of 5 photographs with the title <span dir="rtl">عمالة الاطفال في واسط</span> in Arabic means “Child Labour in Wasit”) Clicking the photographs will take you to the flickr page with the full size photograph. )</p> <p><a title="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010 by Gorillas Guides, on Flickr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4930270474/" class="external" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4102/4930270474_5d2e3a4e5e_o.jpg" alt="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010" width="600" height="450"/></a></p> <p><a title="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010 by Gorillas Guides, on Flickr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4930271302/" class="external" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4143/4930271302_4fea272e36_o.jpg" alt="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010" width="600" height="450"/></a></p> <p><a title="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010 by Gorillas Guides, on Flickr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4930272342/" class="external" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4137/4930272342_cd9d4e4780_o.jpg" alt="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010" width="600" height="450"/></a></p> <p><a title="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010 by Gorillas Guides, on Flickr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4929682565/" class="external" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4098/4929682565_6d644e382e_o.jpg" alt="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010" width="600" height="450"/></a></p> <p><a title="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010 by Gorillas Guides, on Flickr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4930273384/" class="external" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4098/4930273384_024eb2cf05_o.jpg" alt="Photo Essay Child Labour in Wasit Ramadan 2010" width="600" height="450"/></a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-9815"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/04/16/iraqi-refugees-in-syria-not-going-back-soon/#respond" title="Comment on Iraqi refugees in Syria not going back soon">No Comments</a></span> Posted on April 16th, 2010 by Abdus-Samad</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/04/16/iraqi-refugees-in-syria-not-going-back-soon/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Iraqi refugees in Syria not going back soon">Iraqi refugees in Syria not going back soon</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category tag">English Language Articles</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/features/" title="View all posts in Features" rel="category tag">Features</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/child-labour/" rel="tag">child labour</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/children/" rel="tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/damascus/" rel="tag">Damascus</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/domestic-violence/" rel="tag">domestic violence</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/douma-refugee-registration-centre/" rel="tag">Douma refugee registration centre</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/education/" rel="tag">Education</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/farah-dakhlallah/" rel="tag">Farah Dakhlallah</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/features/" rel="tag">Features</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/food-ration/" rel="tag">food ration</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/health/" rel="tag">Health</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-refugees/" rel="tag">iraqi refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/poverty/" rel="tag">Poverty</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/prostitution/" rel="tag">Prostitution</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/rape/" rel="tag">Rape</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-agency/" rel="tag">refugee agency</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-camps/" rel="tag">refugee camps</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unemployment-levels/" rel="tag">unemployment levels</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr-funding-shortfalls/" rel="tag">UNHCR Funding shortfalls</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr-registration-centre/" rel="tag">UNHCR registration centre</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p><strong>Hundreds of thousands of Iraqi refugees have been stuck in Syria for years. They are running out of money and into trouble. </strong> </p> <p>Burud (39) walks with a limp. She lifted her long dress to show that she has been missing a foot ever since she came too close to an exploding bomb in Baghdad in 2005. After she recuperated from her injuries – most of them, that is, she is still missing a hand and her body is full of shards left by the bomb. Burud fled to Syria, where she remains to this day. </p> <div style="border-right: lightgrey 1px solid; padding-right: 5px; border-top: lightgrey 1px solid; padding-left: 5px; float: right; padding-bottom: 5px; margin: 5px 0px 5px 15px; border-left: lightgrey 1px solid; width: 360px; padding-top: 5px; border-bottom: lightgrey 1px solid"><a title="Damascus_shop_captioned" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4526789050/" class="external" target="_blank"><img style="display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto" alt="Damascus_shop_captioned" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://static.flickr.com/4042/4526789050_51580b7117.jpg" border="0"/></a><br/> <h3><b>Most refugees are Sunnis</b></h3> <p>According to UN estimates, Syria harbours up to 900,000 Iraqi refugees. </p> <p>Of all registered refugees, 65 percent are from Baghdad province. </p> <p>Most, (62 percent) are Sunnis. Only 19 percent are Shiites. Slightly less (11 percent) of refugees are Christian. </p> <p>In Iraq, 60 percent of the population is Shia, 20 percent are Sunni and one percent is Christian. </p> </p></div> <p>She lives in the narrow Sha’ab street, out in the Damascus suburb of Yarmouk, with her six children, aged 4 to 17. For Burud, going back is not an option. “I have gone through enough,” she said. “And besides, we were kicked out of our house by Shiite militias.” </p> <h3>Hundreds of thousands fled for Syria</h3> <p>Burud is just one of the hundreds of thousands of Iraqi refugees who have been living in Syria for years. Most of them do not live in refugee camps but have found a place amongst the Syrians. About 163,000 refugees are currently registered with the UN refugee agency, UNHCR, but it is estimated that an additional 400,000 to 800,000 have not. “Perhaps they don’t need our help. Or perhaps they don’t trust us,” said Farah Dakhlallah, a spokesperson for the UNHCR in Damascus. </p> <p>After the2006 bombing of Al Askari mosque in Samara set off a wave of violence between Sunni and Shia Muslims in Iraq, refugees started pouring into Syria in huge numbers. At one point, tens of thousands were arriving weekly. Since 2008, Iraq has slowly become less violent. The number of people killed dropped from 2,000 a month to somewhere between 200 and 300. But, like Burud, many refugees have no intention of returning. They no longer have homes to go back to, or remain wary of conditions in their home country. </p> <p>The UN has yet to give the green light for them to return. “A lot of problems remain with general security,” Dakhlallah said, sitting in the UNHCR’s Damascus office. “In addition, power and potable water are not readily available. Unemployment levels are high. We do not believe that the conditions allow for a safe, permanent return, particularly in the five central provinces. A lot of work remains to be done there.” </p> <p>The Iraqi government promised large sums of money, housing and jobs to returning refugees. “But it has failed to make good on those promises,” said Filippo Rossi of the UNHCR registration centre in Douma. Many people have returned without any assistance; the UN assumes some 60,000 did in the last year. </p> <h3>New refugees are still coming </h3> <p>But at the registration centre, dozens of new arrivals still awaited their turn. Every day, some 20 to 30 families, 150 a week, still check in here. Approximately 60 percent are fresh from Iraq. The others have been in Syria for a while but only register once they run out of money and need support. The slower influx of refugees means that their total number is now declining, but the Iraqis left here are doing worse and worse. “Most are middle-class Iraqis who have been pushed into the margins of society,” Dakhlallah said. </p> <p>Officially, refugees are not allowed to work in Syria. “Which forces them to work illegally,” said Dakhlallah. They lose their dignity and their families fall apart. Domestic violence becomes more frequent. Generally speaking, a lot of negative phenomena are on the rise: child labour, forced marriages, prostitution.” </p> <p>Mazen (50) is a Sunni from the Al-Ghazaliya neighbourhood in Baghdad. “I had a prospering car rental business,” he recalled. “But Shiite militias took over my neighbourhood in 2006. I was threatened and told to leave. One day, militias gained access to my home by posing as a regular patrol and raped my wife. I took her, my daughter [now 14] and my two sons [18 and 21] and fled here. By now we have gone through all of our savings, and there is no work here for us.” </p> <p>Mazen does not want to go back. Al-Ghazaliya is still under Shia control. “If we returned we would be killed. Here we are safe, but dependent on outside help. I have lost my dignity,” he said. </p> <p>All registered refugees are entitled to food rations consisting of rice, sugar and tea. Vulnerable groups, single mothers especially, also receive financial assistance of some 80 euros a month. They pay only a nominal fee for basic medical care and their children can attend school for free. </p> <p>The UNHCR is trying hard to prevent Syria’s better healthcare from drawing ‘medical tourism’ from Iraq. The UN supports Syrian healthcare and education by building new schools, for instance, and introducing new educational methods. “It is important to continue this assistance,” Dakhlallah said, “so Damascus won’t suddenly decide it has had enough. So far, Syria has been more than generous.” Still, the UNHCR expects that international financial contributions will dwindle as the world’s attention shifts away from Iraq and its refugees. “Iraq is no longer the world’s biggest problem, but this would be exactly the wrong moment to pull out. A lot of refugees can’t return,” Dakhlallah said. </p> <p>Burud’s husband returned to Iraq in 2006 to earn money. “He is risking his life,” Burud said. “At a certain point he was kidnapped ad by Shiite militias, held captive for three months and tortured.” </p> <p>“In Iraq we are humiliated. We have asked our government for help, but only Shiites or people with wasta [connections] receive it. I am not going back.” </p> <p><strong>Source:</strong> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.nrc.nl/international/Features/article2525449.ece/Iraqi_refugees_in_Syria_not_going_back_soon" class="external" target="_blank">nrc.nl – International – Features – Iraqi refugees in Syria not going back soon</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-7920"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2009/12/14/syria-poverty-fuels-child-labour-among-iraqi-refugees/#respond" title="Comment on SYRIA: Poverty fuels child labour among Iraqi refugees">No Comments</a></span> Posted on December 14th, 2009 by Editors</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/2009/12/14/syria-poverty-fuels-child-labour-among-iraqi-refugees/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to SYRIA: Poverty fuels child labour among Iraqi refugees">SYRIA: Poverty fuels child labour among Iraqi refugees</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category tag">English Language Articles</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/child-exploitation/" rel="tag">Child Exploitation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/child-labour/" rel="tag">child labour</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/child-poverty/" rel="tag">Child Poverty</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/children/" rel="tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/damascus/" rel="tag">Damascus</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/economic-duress/" rel="tag">economic duress</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/handicraft/" rel="tag">handicraft</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/ilo/" rel="tag">ILO</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/international-labour-organisation/" rel="tag">International Labour Organisation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/ipsos/" rel="tag">Ipsos</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-children/" rel="tag">iraqi children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-refugees/" rel="tag">iraqi refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/irin/" rel="tag">IRIN</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/poverty/" rel="tag">Poverty</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-agency/" rel="tag">refugee agency</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-population/" rel="tag">refugee population</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/remittances/" rel="tag">remittances</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/schoolchildren/" rel="tag">schoolchildren</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/statistics/" rel="tag">statistics</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/students/" rel="tag">Students</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/tsovili-theodora/" rel="tag">Tsovili - Theodora</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unicef/" rel="tag">UNICEF</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/women-and-children/" rel="tag">Women and Children</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>DAMASCUS, 14 December 2009 (<a title="IRIN" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=87418" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN</a>) – Aseel Ali*, aged 16, and her mother – both refugees from Iraq – earn just enough (US$174 per month between them) in a Damascus handicraft workshop to pay their rent and buy food. </p> <p><a title="20091214_aseel_16yo_refugee_with_her_mother_in_Damascus_captioned" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4185355322/" class="external" target="_blank"><img style="display: inline; margin: 5px 10px 5px 0px" alt="20091214_aseel_16yo_refugee_with_her_mother_in_Damascus_captioned" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://static.flickr.com/2650/4185355322_8897f8a82e.jpg" align="left" border="0"/></a>“I have to help my mother as our savings ran out,” Aseel told IRIN. “We start early in the morning and finish at 4pm, and also take work home,” she said. </p> <p>Aseel’s family fled to Egypt in 2006. In 2007 her father went back to Iraq for a short visit but has since gone missing. </p> <p>After their savings dried up, the family returned to Iraq in January 2009 on one of the free government-organized flights designed to stimulate returns, but the family received fresh death threats and Aseel’s 12-year-old brother was kidnapped and tortured. Once he was released, his mother decided they should flee again – this time to Syria. </p> <p>Aseel has not been to school since she left Iraq in 2006. In Egypt, private schools were beyond the family’s means and when they arrived in Syria, where Iraqi refugees have free access to education in public schools, she could not attend school as she needed to earn money for the family to survive. </p> <p>According to a November 2007 survey by the IPSOS market research agency, 37 percent of Iraqi refugees interviewed said their main source of income was their savings; 24 percent relied on remittances; and 24 percent on wages; 33 percent expected their money to last less than three months; 53 percent did not know how long their money would last. </p> <h3>Lack of data on child labour </h3> <p>There are no up-to-date statistics on child labour among the refugee population, but officials and the refugees themselves think the number is on the rise. Not allowed to work legally, Iraqis receive very low wages and find it difficult to make ends meet, officials say. </p> <p>A young Iraqi woman IRIN met at the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) Douma registration centre who preferred anonymity said many Iraqi children where she was living were not going to school. “They work in different jobs to support their helpless families,” she said. </p> <p><a title="20091214_karrad_16yo_refugee_Damascus_captioned" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.flickr.com/photos/27086036@N02/4184593941/" class="external" target="_blank"><img style="display: inline; margin: 5px 15px 5px 0px" alt="20091214_karrad_16yo_refugee_Damascus_captioned" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112im_/http://static.flickr.com/2738/4184593941_87db662415.jpg" align="left" border="0"/></a>The IPSOS survey estimated that about 10 percent of school-age Iraqi children in Syria are working. </p> <p>The Syrian government has also recognized that child labour is becoming a widespread phenomenon among Iraqi refugees, the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) said in its child protection strategy 2008-2009, quoting a paper presented by the Syrian government to an international conference on Iraqi refugees in Geneva in 2007. </p> <h3>School dropouts </h3> <p>"Families have spent their savings and are becoming increasingly destitute. There are indications that more children are dropping out of school and entering the labour market to help support their families. Early marriages for girls are also on the rise as a result of economic hardship," UNHCR public information officer Farah Dakhlallah told IRIN. </p> <p>"According to government statistics, there were fewer Iraqi children registered in the 2008-2009 school year than in the previous year. We believe this is primarily linked to economic duress, as well as resettlement and returns," Dakhlallah said. </p> <p>The Ministry of Education said there were 32,425 Iraqi students officially enrolled in the 2008-09 school year compared to 49,132 in 2007-08. </p> <h3>New study</h3> <p>In collaboration with the Ministry of Social Affairs and the International Labour Organization (ILO), UNICEF has launched a national study on the worst forms of child labour in Syria, UNICEF child protection specialist Theodora Tsovili told IRIN. “The study will take three months and will include Syrian, Palestinian and Iraqi children,” she said. </p> <p>“Only with this study will we get updated information about this phenomenon. We have estimates that school dropouts are linked to child labour, but we don’t have proof. We need this study to back up any future response,” she said. </p> <p>(* not her real name) </p> <p>dvh/at/cb</p> <p><strong>Source:</strong> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025210112/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=87418" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN Middle East | SYRIA: Poverty fuels child labour among Iraqi refugees | Middle East | Syria | Children Refugees/IDPs | Feature</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="navigation"> <div class="alignleft"></div> <div class="alignright"></div> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar" class="span-10 last"> <div class="span-10" id="tabs"> <ul> <li class="ui-tabs-nav-item"><a href="#featured-articles">Featured Articles</a></li> <li class="ui-tabs-nav-item"><a href="#latest-articles">Latest Articles</a></li> </ul> <div id="featured-articles" class="widget"> <ul> <li><a 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