CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>   <html lang="en" dir="ltr">  <head> <link rel="profile" href="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab" /> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" name="viewport" > <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/all/themes/unesco_bootstrap_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="description" content="DefinitionFirms that did not implement innovations but had abandoned or ongoing innovation activities to develop them. Unless otherwise specified, the term covers product or process innovation, regardless of organizational or marketing innovation. The indicator is calculated as a percentage.Source definitionAdapted from OECD and Eurostat (2005), Oslo Manual: Guidelines for" /> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="Firms with only abandoned or ongoing innovation activities" /> <meta name="dcterms.description" content="DefinitionFirms that did not implement innovations but had abandoned or ongoing innovation activities to develop them. Unless otherwise specified, the term covers product or process innovation, regardless of organizational or marketing innovation. The indicator is calculated as a percentage.Source definitionAdapted from OECD and Eurostat (2005), Oslo Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 搂42, 214.Types of disaggregationBy size and by manufacturing industry...." /> <meta name="dcterms.issued" title="W3CDTF" content="2020-06-22" /> <meta name="dcterms.modified" title="W3CDTF" content="2024-09-10" /> <meta name="dcterms.language" title="ISO639-2" content="eng" /> <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/profiles/wetkit/libraries/wet-boew/css/noscript.min.css" /></noscript> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/babel-polyfill/6.13.0/polyfill.min.js"></script> <script src="https://component.uis.unesco.org/lib/js/es6-promise-3.2.2.js"></script> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="RJL0M747Ju5vg3WZTjibIpoC5rFF4XATSnb1S17HQHI" /> <title>Firms with only abandoned or ongoing innovation activities | UNESCO UIS</title>   <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/css/css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/css/css_E7BUREsDBrAxxz2qAzv85BoLTH7fjofNTk0uCY-Wd3k.css" media="all" />  <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/css/css_6FSmOreXIhAr3HAgiSgPK1GK95I-Jb4gXpYP2tJaTO4.css" media="all" />   <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/css/css_IKUnUB7hi0s6QBH1xSjz2enmTLIqQol9N8PguRgW7NM.css" media="all" />  <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/css/css_3ec_mW2YXx-yJq4cQKhgOqwuocmTk5BsoGZ2UoDx1Y4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/css/css_L-W-OLKOta-x4psRxwR9xREi07pRbKI3pURhenUhqTE.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/css/css_iMW7SElNswQG5jAdGu4PihWRfc_ZbnnOXcT8ZoZAylQ.css" media="all" /> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){ w[l]=w[l]||[]; w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'}); var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; var j=d.createElement(s); var dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:''; j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl+''; j.async=true; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','','GTM-TXQTBLL');</script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){ w[l]=w[l]||[]; w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'}); var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; var j=d.createElement(s); var dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:''; j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl+''; j.async=true; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MPNJFCZ');</script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_s5koNMBdK4BqfHyHNPWCXIL2zD0jFcPyejDZsryApj0.js"></script>  <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_UPkOSRv1cjLSFOF0XuNcnTTQLJFaPkdE5q6qMS1WdMQ.js"></script> <script>document.createElement( "picture" );</script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_0bMaQBm_U70eaJ7gpq3eIrxq1y6y3NEL0k-MuxYwMSc.js"></script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_Ti5beFo9rNYxqxxPmOzvqbkD9sVWhfxLYuv5HVcw3Gk.js"></script> <script>(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"]=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,"script","https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js","ga");ga("create", "UA-17023930-1", {"cookieDomain":"auto"});ga("set", "anonymizeIp", true);ga("set", "page", location.pathname + location.search + location.hash);ga("send", "pageview");</script> <script>UIS_BASE="https://component.uis.unesco.org/"</script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_hd3EoRi3f2L4fdKRFL2dcplMA0WjXrnQeYlNv5yGcZk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/systemjs/0.19.36/system.js"></script> <script src="https://component.uis.unesco.org/lib/js/uis/setup.js"></script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_D_4P1L37zjcmED_g0wwpamsU4mXbi-xa0gXJDwY1yJ0.js"></script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js__JuFmti1OZYyBBidIUJvoDOZg81ze1_8XkKpzZ5SPsY.js"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"en\/","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"unesco_bootstrap_theme","theme_token":"LNwjBDUIiT6BhP6L1Mk6NvQDYahq0ykMFIMq5MDCukc","jquery_version":"1.10","js":{"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/wet-boew\/js\/wet-boew.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/wet-boew\/js\/ie8-wet-boew2.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/theme-gcweb\/js\/theme.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picturefill2\/picturefill.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picture.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/bootstrap.js":1,"0":1,"1":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/1.10\/jquery.min.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/wet-boew\/js\/ie8-wet-boew.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.core.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.widget.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.tabs.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.accordion.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/external\/jquery.cookie.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/misc\/jquery.form.min.js":1,"misc\/ajax.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/js\/jquery_update.js":1,"2":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/js\/wetkit-accordion.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_admin\/wetkit-admin.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_bootstrapx\/js\/alert.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_bootstrapx\/js\/collapse.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_bootstrapx\/js\/tooltip.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_bootstrapx\/js\/vertical_tabs.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_emberx\/js\/wetkit-emberx.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_widgets\/js\/wetkit_widgets.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/jquery_ajax_load\/jquery_ajax_load.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/jstorage\/jstorage.min.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/custom_search\/js\/custom_search.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_bootstrapx\/js\/horizontal_tabs.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_bean\/js\/wetkit_bean.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_admin\/modules\/wetkit_navbar\/js\/wetkit-navbar.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/google_analytics\/googleanalytics.js":1,"3":1,"4":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/misc\/_progress.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/extlink\/js\/extlink.js":1,"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/systemjs\/0.19.36\/system.js":1,"https:\/\/component.uis.unesco.org\/lib\/js\/uis\/setup.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/themes\/wetkit_bootstrap\/js\/wetkit-bootstrap.modules.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/unesco_bootstrap_theme\/js\/jquery.shorten.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/unesco_bootstrap_theme\/js\/init.js":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/misc\/ajax.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.tabs.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.accordion.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/theme-gcweb\/css\/theme.min.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/theme-gcweb\/css\/ie8-theme.min.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/css\/wetkit-featured.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/css\/wetkit-accordian.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/openplus_layouts\/css\/openplus_layouts.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picture_wysiwyg.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_admin\/wetkit-admin.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_emberx\/css\/ember-contextual.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_emberx\/css\/ember-ctools.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_emberx\/css\/ember-media.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_emberx\/css\/ember-modal.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_emberx\/css\/ember-panels-ipe.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_layouts\/css\/layouts.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_admin\/modules\/wetkit_navbar\/css\/wetkit-navbar.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_widgets\/css\/wetkit_widgets.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_wysiwyg\/css\/wetkit-wysiwyg.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/extlink\/css\/extlink.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/css\/wetkit.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_menu\/css\/wetkit_menu.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/theme-gcweb\/css\/messages.min.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/libraries\/theme-gcweb\/css\/messages-ie.min.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/css\/panels.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/openplus_layouts\/plugins\/layouts\/openplus_66_33\/openplus-66-33.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_theme\/modules\/wetkit_bootstrapx\/css\/horizontal_tabs.css":1,"\/\/maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com\/font-awesome\/4.7.0\/css\/font-awesome.min.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/themes\/wetkit_bootstrap\/css\/wetkit_bootstrap.styles.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/unesco_bootstrap_theme\/css\/init.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_bean\/css\/wetkit_bean.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_core\/css\/wetkit_core.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_search\/css\/wetkit_search.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_wetboew\/css\/wetkit_wetboew.css":1,"profiles\/wetkit\/modules\/custom\/wetkit_images\/css\/wetkit_images.css":1}},"admin_menu":{"suppress":1},"jcarousel":{"ajaxPath":"\/en\/jcarousel\/ajax\/views"},"jquery_ajax_load":{"trigger":".jquery_ajax_load\r","target":"#jquery_ajax_load_target","toggle":1,"animation":1,"base_path":"https:\/\/uis.unesco.org\/","module_path":"sites\/all\/modules\/custom\/jquery_ajax_load","site_name":"UNESCO UIS"},"custom_search":{"form_target":"_self","solr":1},"googleanalytics":{"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip","trackUrlFragments":1},"currentPath":"node\/3080018","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/en\/search\/site?f[0]=field_published_date:2015\u0026f[1]=type:document\u0026f[2]=field_document_type:560\u0026f[3]=field_published_date:2015-07\u0026f[4]=field_topics:542":true,"\/en\/system\/ajax":true,"\/node\/3080018":true},"ajax":{"edit-submit":{"callback":"openplus_widgets_search_callback","wrapper":"search-links-replace","event":"mousedown","keypress":true,"prevent":"click","url":"\/en\/system\/ajax","submit":{"_triggering_element_name":"op","_triggering_element_value":"Go"}}},"extlink":{"extTarget":"_blank","extClass":0,"extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":0,"extIconPlacement":"append","extSubdomains":1,"extExclude":"","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":0,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site.","mailtoClass":"mailto","mailtoLabel":"(link sends e-mail)","extUseFontAwesome":false},"bootstrap":{"anchorsFix":"0","anchorsSmoothScrolling":"0","formHasError":1,"popoverEnabled":1,"popoverOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"right","selector":"","trigger":"click","triggerAutoclose":1,"title":"","content":"","delay":0,"container":"body"},"tooltipEnabled":1,"tooltipOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"auto left","selector":"","trigger":"hover focus","delay":0,"container":"body"}}});</script> </head> <body class="unesco-bootstrap-theme theme-gcweb html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-node page-node- page-node-3080018 node-type-glossary-term theme-science-technology-and-innovation i18n-en"> <ul id="wb-tphp"> </ul> <div class="region region-page-top"> <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TXQTBLL" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MPNJFCZ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> </div> <header id="navbar" role="banner" class=""> <div id="wb-bnr" class="container"> <div> <div class="logo pull-left"> <a href="/en/home"> <img alt="UNESCO" src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/logo-website_1.png" /> </a> </div> <div class="top-right pull-right hidden-xs hidden-s"> <ul> <li> <a href="/en/pinboard" class="btn btn-white btn-pill btn-pin">My Pins</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="text-right"><li><a href="/fr/glossary-term/firmes-avec-des-activites-dinnovation-uniquement-avortees-ou-en-cours" class="link" hreflang="fr" lang="fr">Fran莽ais</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="side-menu"> <ul class="toggle-buttons"> <li> <a href="#slideoutmenu" class="menu-toggle"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="line-bar"></span> <span class="line-bar"></span> <span class="line-bar"></span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#slideoutsearch" class="search-toggle"> <div class="close-btn"> <span class="line-bar"></span> <span class="line-bar"></span> </div> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="slideout-menu" id="slideoutmenu"> <div class="inner"> <div class="slideoutheader"> <ul class="text-right"><li><a href="/fr/glossary-term/firmes-avec-des-activites-dinnovation-uniquement-avortees-ou-en-cours" class="link" hreflang="fr" lang="fr">Fran莽ais</a></li></ul> <ul> <li> <a href="/en/pinboard" class="btn btn-white btn-pill btn-pin">My Pins</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mainmenu"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/en/home#tabs-0-uis_home_top_menus-1">Explore Themes</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="http://data.uis.unesco.org">UIS.Stat</a></li> </ul> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/en/news">News</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/documents">Document Library</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/visualisations">Visualisation Gallery</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/en/methodology">Methodology</a></li> </ul> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/en/glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/blog">Data for Sustainable Development - UIS Blog</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/en/events">Training and Workshops</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="bottommenu"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="http://uis.unesco.org/unesco-en.php">Privacy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/about-us">About us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/contact-us">Contact us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="http://uis.unesco.org/unesco-en.php?redirect=2023">UNESCO website</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://twitter.com/UNESCOstat?lang=en"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="sr-only">Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/unesco/"><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="sr-only">Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/en/news/rss"><i class="fa fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="sr-only">RSS</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="search-popup"> <div class="container"> <div class="inner"> <form action="/node/3080018" method="post" id="openplus-widgets-search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-item-search form-type-textfield form-group"><input class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-search" name="search" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" /><label class="control-label element-invisible" for="edit-search" id="edit-search-label"><span class="field-name">Search</span></label> </div><button class="btn-pill btn-dark btn btn-default form-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Go">Go</button> <div id="search-links-replace"></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-67eIYAagnCPEpBxF3d2lqyLfnFQYElxKukI0nZOzm-Q" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="openplus_widgets_search_form" /> </div></form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="title-breadcrumb"> </div> </div> </header> <main role="" class="container"> <section> <div class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div class="panel-display openplus_66_33 clearfix " > <section class="openplus-66-33"> <div class="row"> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 left"> <div class="panel-pane pane-page-breadcrumb" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="contextual-links-region"><ol class="breadcrumb"><li class="inline odd first last"><a href="/en/glossary">Glossary</a></li></ol></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-page-title" > <div class="pane-content"> <h1>Firms with only abandoned or ongoing innovation activities</h1> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-bootstrap-pane well pane-entity-field pane-node-body page-body-left"> <div class="well-body"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><h2>Definition</h2><p>Firms that did not implement innovations but had abandoned or ongoing innovation activities to develop them. Unless otherwise specified, the term covers product or process innovation, regardless of organizational or marketing innovation. The indicator is calculated as a percentage.</p><h2>Source definition</h2><p>Adapted from OECD and Eurostat (2005), Oslo Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 搂42, 214.</p><h2>Types of disaggregation</h2><p>By size and by manufacturing industry.</p></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> </div> <div class="row"> </div> <div class="row"> </div> <div class="row"> </div> <div class="row"> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> </section> </main> <footer role="contentinfo" id="wb-info"> <div class="container"> <div class="topfooter hidden-xs"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/en/home#tabs-0-uis_home_top_menus-1">Explore Themes</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="http://data.uis.unesco.org">UIS.Stat</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/en/news">News</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/documents">Document Library</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/visualisations">Visualisation Gallery</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/en/methodology">Methodology</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/en/glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/blog">Data for Sustainable Development - UIS Blog</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/en/events">Training and Workshops</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 text-right"> <a href="/en/pinboard" class="btn btn-white btn-pill btn-pin">My Pins</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bottomfooter"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-push-6 footer-menu"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="http://uis.unesco.org/unesco-en.php">Privacy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/about-us">About us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/en/contact-us">Contact us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="http://uis.unesco.org/unesco-en.php?redirect=2023">UNESCO website</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://twitter.com/UNESCOstat?lang=en"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="sr-only">Twitter</span></a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/unesco/"><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="sr-only">Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/en/news/rss"><i class="fa fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="sr-only">RSS</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-pull-6 terms-menu"> <span>©2025 UNESCO Institute of Statistics</span> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="http://uis.unesco.org/en/employment-and-procurement">Join us.</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="http://uis.unesco.org/en/terms-and-conditions">Terms and Conditions</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer>  <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/profiles/wetkit/libraries/wet-boew/js/wet-boew.min.js?v=4.0.41"></script>   <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/profiles/wetkit/libraries/theme-gcweb/js/theme.min.js?v=9.1.0"></script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_7Ukqb3ierdBEL0eowfOKzTkNu-Le97OPm-UqTS5NENU.js"></script> <script src="https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/js/js_MRdvkC2u4oGsp5wVxBG1pGV5NrCPW3mssHxIn6G9tGE.js"></script> </body> </html>